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Journal articles on the topic 'Science - China - Philosophy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Arouet Voltaire, François-Marie. "De la Chine / Sobre China (1769)." Araucaria, no. 35 (2015): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/araucaria.2016.i35.01.

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2

Xue, Guibo, and Carl Mitcham. "Rethinking the Philosophy of Science and Technology in China." Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 19, no. 3 (2015): 411–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/techne201583132.

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3

Pan, Dawei. "Embracing e-Philosophy." Teaching Philosophy 44, no. 3 (2021): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil202132138.

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Online classes have brought with them challenges, as well as opportunities, for philosophy and philosophical education. The democratization of interactions, the creative tension between anonymity and publicity, and the virtualization and centralization of information that compel participants to focus on the mobility of ideas together make up what the present article calls e-philosophy. The article presents three issues essential to teaching philosophy via the internet: building a framework for communication, syllabus design, and engaging participants. Two major problems specific to China, wher

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4

Qiu, Jane. "Safeguarding research integrity in China." National Science Review 2, no. 1 (2015): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwv002.

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Abstract China has an impressive record in the total number of scientific publications in the past decade. In 2012, it churned out 193 733 Science Index Citation papers—4.7 times the 2002 level and second only to the United States. Unfortunately, the standards of science integrity has not kept up with the pace of this development, and many cases of research misconduct have been reported. This prompts many to fear that the country is now facing a critical problem in the field of scientific ethics. In a forum chaired by National Science Review's executive associate editor Mu-ming Poo, five panel

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5

Faure, David, and Daniel Little. "Understanding Peasant China: Case Studies in the Philosophy of Social Science." American Historical Review 96, no. 2 (1991): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2163371.

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6

So, Alvin Y., and Daniel Little. "Understanding Peasant China: Case Studies in the Philosophy of Social Science." Contemporary Sociology 20, no. 1 (1991): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2072062.

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7

Li, X. "Philosophy of Science and STS in China: From Coexistence to Separation." East Asian Science, Technology and Society 5, no. 1 (2011): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/18752160-1257129.

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8

Bala, Arun. "Chinese organic materialism and modern science studies: Rethinking Joseph Needham’s legacy." Cultures of Science 3, no. 1 (2020): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2096608320911316.

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Historian of science Joseph Needham argued in various papers and books that the philosophy of organic materialism that informed classical Chinese science not only nurtured Chinese discoveries in areas such as magnetic studies, but also obstructed the emergence of early modern mechanical science in China. Nevertheless, the emergence of field conceptions in late modern science led him to see that Chinese organic materialism could combine with mechanical conceptions to enrich late modern science. Although much attention has been paid to Needham’s historical and sociological views of Chinese scien

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9

Ouyang, Kang. "Contemporary development of Marxist philosophy in China." Socialism and Democracy 15, no. 2 (2001): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08854300108428291.

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10

Wu, Kun, and Zhensong Wang. "Natural Philosophy and Natural Logic." Philosophies 3, no. 4 (2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies3040027.

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1. Nature has its own logic, which does not follow the human will. Nature is itself; it exists, moves, changes, and evolves according to its own intrinsic ways. Human and human society, as a product of a specific stage of natural development, can only be a concrete manifestation of the logic of nature. 2. In the broad sense, nature refers to all, both phenomena and processes, in the universe. It includes human society spiritual phenomena. In a narrow sense, nature refers to the world outside the society and opposed to society as well, or refers to the research objects of natural sciences 3. Th

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11

Guo, Yuanlin. "The Philosophy of Science and Technology in China: Political and Ideological Influences." Science & Education 23, no. 9 (2014): 1835–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11191-014-9675-0.

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12

Gray, Kevin. "China and the philosophy of internal relations." International Relations 35, no. 1 (2021): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047117821991874.

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13

Chan, Ken. "Views on Learning Difficulties in Basic Sciences by Mainland Chinese Students." Journal of International Students 11, no. 3 (2021): 749–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v11i3.2274.

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Science programs at Western higher education institutions are popular with mainland Chinese students. My teaching experience in Chinese classes suggests significant challenges for China-raised students in gaining deep appreciation and understanding of the principles of pure science, which differs from applied science in motivation and skills. The learning difficulties can be traced to students’ early education and cultural background. Science further communicates in a different style to other forms of English, adding complexity to writing and reading science texts. The information provided her

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14

Kang, Ouyang. "Contemporary Development of Marxist Philosophy in China." Educational Philosophy and Theory 34, no. 2 (2002): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-5812.2002.tb00293.x.

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15

Li, Yunpeng, Xuming Tan, and Bo Zhou. "Philosophy and value in irrigation heritage in China *." Irrigation and Drainage 69, S2 (2020): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ird.2453.

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16

Wang, Zhihe, Meijun Fan, and John Cobb, Jr. "Chinese Environmental Ethics and Whitehead’s Philosophy." Environmental Ethics 42, no. 1 (2020): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics20204217.

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Environmental ethics is a major topic of discussion and enactment in China. The government is committed to work toward an “ecological civilization,” a society in which concerns for a healthy natural environment are interwoven with concerns for a healthy human society and healthy human relations with nature. Whereas in the United States concern for the environment is rarely consciously philosophical, Chinese history has made people aware that philosophy underlies and shapes public policy. Whitehead’s thought has been welcomed as a way of clarifying and supporting the commitment to ecological ci

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17

Wang, Zi. "Education in China: philosophy, politics and culture." Asian Studies Review 44, no. 3 (2020): 559–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2020.1748757.

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18

Goldman, Rene, and Nick Knight. "Li Da and Marxist Philosophy in China." Pacific Affairs 70, no. 2 (1997): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2760788.

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19

Sangren, P. Steven. ": Understanding Peasant China: Case Studies in the Philosophy of Social Science . Daniel Little." American Anthropologist 93, no. 2 (1991): 469–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1991.93.2.02a00320.

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20

KIKTENKO, V. "The Review of the Development of Philosophy of Science and Technology in China." Chinese Studies 2017, no. 1 (2017): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/chinesest2017.01.012.

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21

Mitcham, Carl, and A. A. Kazakova. "Let Us Now Think Engineering: an Interview with Carl Mitcham." Philosophy of Science and Technology 25, no. 2 (2020): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2413-9084-2021-25-2-26-36.

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Carl Mitcham is International Distinguished Professor of Philosophy of Technology at Renmin Universityof China and Professor Emeritus of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences at Colorado School of Mines inthe United States. For more than four decades of his work in the field of philosophy of science andtechnology, he has made important contributions on its most controversial topics, including biotechnologies,IT, energy and many others. Of special interest is his philosophical and socio-historical study ofengineering, which has become the area of his intellectual collaboration with V.G. Goro

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22

WONG, KAM C. "Community Policing in China: Philosophy, Law and Practice." International Journal of the Sociology of Law 29, no. 2 (2001): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ijsl.2001.0146.

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23

Yao, Shuping. "Chinese Intellectuals and Science A History of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)." Science in Context 3, no. 2 (1989): 447–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889700000909.

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The ArgumentThe Chinese Academy of Sciences, founded in 1949 – the same year as the People's Republic of China – has attempted to use science to speed up technological, economic, and defense-related development, as well as the entire process of modernization. At' the same time, political structures on the development of science have hampered scientific output and kept it to a level that was far below what might have been expected from the creative potential of China's scientists.Early in this century, when modern science was brought to China by foreign missionaries and by scientists and studen

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24

Li, Guowu. "Information Philosophy in China: Professor Wu Kun’s 30 Years of Academic Thinking in Information Philosophy." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 9, no. 2 (2011): 316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v9i2.279.

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Professor Wu Kun, from Xi'an Jiaotong University of China, has been studying information philosophy for 30 years. He thinks information conception is one of the most fundamental areas in philosophy and has founded information philosophy. He has done original and pioneering research in information ontology, epistemology, social information theory, information production theory, information evolution theory, information value, and information thinking directions. He is the first scholar to develop a completely new view of theories, systems, and methods about information philosophy.

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Li, Guowu. "Information Philosophy in China: Professor Wu Kun’s 30 Years of Academic Thinking in Information Philosophy." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 9, no. 2 (2011): 316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/vol9iss2pp316-321.

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Professor Wu Kun, from Xi'an Jiaotong University of China, has been studying information philosophy for 30 years. He thinks information conception is one of the most fundamental areas in philosophy and has founded information philosophy. He has done original and pioneering research in information ontology, epistemology, social information theory, information production theory, information evolution theory, information value, and information thinking directions. He is the first scholar to develop a completely new view of theories, systems, and methods about information philosophy.

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26

JUNREN, WAN. "A characterization of philosophical knowledge in ‘Chinese modernity’: philosophical studies in Chinese Universities and the Academy of Social Sciences." European Review 11, no. 2 (2003): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798703000188.

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The present state of the study of philosophy in China cannot be understood if the introduction of Western philosophy, including Marxism, in the early decades of the 20th century is ignored. During the first half of the past century, philosophy flourished at Peking University with a heavy emphasis on social and political theory, as well as at Tsinghua University, which focused more on professionalization of the discipline, logic, epistemology and the history of philosophy. From 1957 to 1979, philosophical studies suffered severely under an increasingly unfavourable political climate. It is only

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27

Sargent, Michael. "Sixty Years of Science in Mainland China." Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 34, no. 1 (2009): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174327909x421579.

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28

Lloyd, Geoffrey. "Adversaries and authorities." Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 40 (1994): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068673500001814.

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The strategic aim of the set of studies I have embarked on in collaboration with the sinologist Nathan Sivin is to examine Greek and Chinese philosophy and science afresh. Limiting our main inquiries to the period down to about A.D. 300, when Christianity came to be a major factor in the Graeco-Roman world and Buddhism began to be an important influence in China, we aim to ask questions concerning the differences in the ways in which philosophy and science were done in ancient Greece and China, why there should have been such differences, and what the philosophy and science done owed to the so

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29

FAN, FA-TI. "Victorian naturalists in China: science and informal empire." British Journal for the History of Science 36, no. 1 (2003): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087402004910.

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30

Wang, Wenjin, Jiayi Wang, Guizing Zhang, Yong Lang, and Victor J. Mayer. "Science education in the People's Republic of China." Science Education 80, no. 2 (1996): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-237x(199604)80:2<203::aid-sce5>3.0.co;2-k.

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31

Elman, Benjamin A. ""Universal Science" Versus "Chinese Science": The Changing Identity of Natural Studies in China, 1850-1930." Historiography East and West 1, no. 1 (2003): 68–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157018603763585258.

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Abstract This article is about the contested nature of "science" in "modern" China. The struggle over the meaning and significance of the specific types of natural studies brought by Protestants (1842-1895) occurred in a historical context in which natural studies in late imperial China were until 1900 part of a nativist imperial and literati project to master and control Western views on what constituted legitimate natural knowledge. After the industrial revolution in Europe, a weakened Qing government and its increasingly concerned Han Chinese and Manchu elites turned to "Western" models of

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32

Terol Rojo, Gabriel. "Claves para comprender la actualización de la tradición filosófica china." Anales del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía 38, no. 2 (2021): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/ashf.72623.

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Con la convicción de que la identidad de la filosofía china parece necesitar una revisión que junto a metodologías innovadoras multidisciplinares augura unos resultados heterogéneos pero concluyentes, el presente texto pretende examinar el análisis chino de estos cambios notoriamente paradigmáticos. Por un lado, más general, se apela a la particularidad china y por otro, se fundamenta en tres propósitos: 1. Alcanzar el análisis actualizado desde la sinología occidental más actual; 2. Delimitar los fundamentos diferenciales de esta tradición, pero también; 3. Destacar los progresos en metodolog

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33

Makeham, John. "Chinese Philosophy and Universal Values in Contemporary China." Asian Studies 8, no. 2 (2020): 311–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2020.8.2.311-334.

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Consistent with its growing economic, political and military might, China wants due recognition by and engagement with the global community of nations. This aspiration is complicated by the fact that Chinese political leaders and intellectuals continue to struggle with how “Chinese values” fit with “universal values”, and whether there is a single global modernity or whether there are multiple modernities and multiple—perhaps competing—universal values. In this paper I examine how some prominent Chinese philosophers are engaging with these issues, despite the fact that in 2013 the topic of “un

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34

Dikarev, Andrei D., Artem I. Kobzev, and Ekaterina S. Skrypnik. "50 years of the conference “State and Society in China”." Orientalistica 4, no. 1 (2021): 287–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2021-4-1-287-319.

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The article lists the milestones of the “State and Society in China” annual conference since 1970 traditionally held by the China Department of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). This is Russia’s most prominent Sinological conference. Within the three days, scholars discuss various issues of history, philosophy, politics, the law in medieval and modern China. Regardless of the outbreak of the COVID-19 the 50th anniversary conference (December 23–25, 2020) was still held in Moscow, however, online. The conference was held as part of the implementation

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35

SCHULZ ZINDA, Yvonne. "The Transformations of PRC Academic Philosophy." Asian Studies 7, no. 1 (2019): 219–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2019.7.1.219-245.

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To mark a period of transformation in China, Xi Jinping has been drawing on elements of the Maoist legacy, not only in the political arena but also in academia. In 2014, New Philosophy of the Masses was published, an updated and expanded version of Ai Siqi’s Philosophy of the Masses. In May 2016, Xi Jinping (2016) delivered his “Talk at the Forum Discussing the Work in Philosophy and Social Sciences,” a title which is reminiscent of Mao Zedong’s (1980) “Talks at the Yan’an Forum on Literature and Art” of 1942. Drawing on the background of China’s 1950s academic philosophy, a comparison will be

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36

Shu‐li, Ji. "The antinomy of science and democracy in modern China." International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 5, no. 2 (1991): 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02698599108573384.

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37

Williams, Trevor I. "The shorter science and civilisation in China, vol. 3." Endeavour 11, no. 2 (1987): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(87)90277-8.

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38

Wright, David. "Careers in Western Science in Nineteenth-Century China: Xu Shou and Xu Jianyin." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 5, no. 1 (1995): 49–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135618630001350x.

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The Western science and technology which invaded China during the mid-nineteenthcentury, in the wake of European military and economic aggression, entered a culture witha long indigenous tradition of natural philosophy, formed by extraordinary figures suchas Zhang Heng(78–139), Sun Simiao(581–682), Ge Hong(c. 21–341), Shen Gua(1031–1095) and Song Yingxing(c. 1587–1665). Moreover, as modern research has shown, China was, at least until about A.D. 1400, moreadvanced scientifically and technologically than Western Europe in many respects. Thesmall minority of late Qing scholars who showed any int

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39

Wang, Zuoyue. "Science and the State in Modern China." Isis 98, no. 3 (2007): 558–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/521158.

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40

Holbig, Heike. "Shifting Ideologics of Research Funding: The CPC's National Planning Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 43, no. 2 (2014): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261404300203.

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For more than two decades, the National Planning Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences (NPOPSS) has been managing official funding of social science research in China under the orbit of the Communist Party of China's (CPC) propaganda system. By focusing on “Major Projects”, the most prestigious and well-funded program initiated by the NPOPSS in 2004, this contribution outlines the political and institutional ramifications of this line of official funding and attempts to identify larger shifts during the past decade in the “ideologics” of official social science research funding – the chang

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41

Agar, Jon. "‘It's springtime for science’: renewing China–UK scientific relations in the 1970s." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 67, no. 1 (2012): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2012.0052.

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This paper examines how links between the People's Republic of China and the UK were rebuilt in the 1970s. It not only fills a gap in the historiography but also makes three particular arguments. The first is that there were two intersecting institutional paths along which the rebuilding of links were followed: a foreign policy path, in which the most important body was the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and an academy-level path in which relations between the Royal Society and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (also known in the early years as the Academia Sinica) were crucial. Especially und

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42

Eber, Irene. "Reception of Old Testament Ideas in 19th Century China." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 45, no. 3-4 (2018): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15406253-0450304006.

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This paper explores some of the strategies used for translating the Old Testament from Hebrew into Chinese and its subsequent reception and interpretation. Special attention will be devoted to the Ten Commandments and important personalities like Abraham or Moses. According to their reception, they were endowed with characteristics valued in Chinese history and culture. The introduction of science seemingly contradicted the questions of Creation. Since Creation and the scientific perceptions of the universe were interconnected, those people dealing with Scriptural translation had to exercise s

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43

Hämäläinen, Juha, Honglin Chen, and Fang Zhao. "The Chinese welfare philosophy in light of the traditional concept of family." International Social Work 62, no. 1 (2017): 224–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872817721736.

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The approach to developing professional welfare services for families is considered in the light of both conflicting traditional and modern family values. Providing updated understanding of the social needs of families in contemporary China, this article also discusses today’s challenges of welfare policies to recognize the changed necessities in order to identify appropriate policies and services to Chinese families, focusing on mainland China.

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44

MOUGEY, THOMAS. "Needham at the crossroads: history, politics and international science in wartime China (1942–1946)." British Journal for the History of Science 50, no. 1 (2017): 83–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087417000036.

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AbstractIn 1946, the British biochemist Joseph Needham returned from a four-year stay in China. Needham scholars have considered this visit as a revelatory period that paved the way for his famous book seriesScience and Civilization in China(SCC). Surprisingly, however, Needham's actual time in China has remained largely unstudied over the last seventy years. As director of the Sino-British Scientific Cooperation Office, Needham travelled throughout Free China to promote cooperation between British and Chinese scientists to contain the Japanese invasion during the Second World War. By rediscov

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45

Wu, Zhaohua. "Conflicts between Chinese Traditional Ethics and Bioethics." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, no. 3 (1994): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100005181.

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Philosophy, including moral philosophy, is the distillation of the spirit of an era. As society and science develop, sooner or later a given philosophy will gradually change form so that the resulting metamorphosis will better meet the needs of the society at that time. Traditional Chinese ethical thought is an outcome of the Chinese closed natural economy and ancient low-level science and is suitable for traditional Chinese medicine. Its superstable structure and character, which have evolved over more than 2,000 years, are rooted deeply in the minds of the Chinese people; hence, it is diffic

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46

Wright, David. "John Fryer and the Shanghai Polytechnic: making space for science in nineteenth-century China." British Journal for the History of Science 29, no. 1 (1996): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400033835.

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The introduction of modern Western science into late imperial China naturally involved the creation of new linguistic spaces through the translation of science textbooks and the formation of a modern scientific lexicon, but it also required translation in another, physical, sense through the creation of institutions whereby the new system of practices and ideas could be transmitted. The Shanghai Polytechnic, opened in 1876 under the direction of John Fryer, was promoted as an academy for the ‘extension of learning’; this paper explores the role John Fryer and his Polytechnic played in making s

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47

Rona, Colin. "The rise of early modern science. Islam, China and the West." Endeavour 18, no. 2 (1994): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-9327(94)90081-7.

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48

Sinclair, Michelle, Yu Zhang, Kris Descovich, and Clive J. C. Phillips. "Farm Animal Welfare Science in China—A Bibliometric Review of Chinese Literature." Animals 10, no. 3 (2020): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10030540.

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Farm animal welfare in the People’s Republic of China (henceforth, China) is not well represented in the international scientific literature. This may lead researchers, advocates and those with agricultural partnerships in China to assume that animal welfare is not a field of interest there. This study reports a literature review of published pig and poultry welfare research in China using Chinese scientific databases. We aimed to determine which areas of welfare research have recently received academic attention in China. From an understanding of areas being studied, current and emerging prio

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49

Esteban Rodríguez, Mario. "La evolución de la política exterior china." Araucaria, no. 35 (2015): 301–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/araucaria.2016.i35.14.

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50

Zhang, Dazheng, and Carol Faul. "A History of Geology and Geological Education in China (to 1949)." Earth Sciences History 7, no. 1 (1988): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.7.1.e6337776367421x4.

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References to geology are in the earliest Chinese writings. However, the literature was little disseminated-and mostly unknown to the rest of the world until recently. The purpose of the imperial examination system, which began in the Sui Dynasty (581-618), was to select government officials- and thus greatly influenced topics studied by ambitious Chinese, The natural sciences were not included, and even mathematics was eventually excluded. Therefore, education in the sciences was neglected and the study of geology was virtually ignored. It was not until late in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) th

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