Dissertations / Theses: 'Science topics'

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Zheng, Ning. "Discovering interpretable topics in free-style text diagnostics, rare topics, and topic supervision /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1199237529.

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Enström, Emma. "On difficult topics in theoretical computer science education." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Teoretisk datalogi, TCS, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-152357.

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This thesis primarily reports on an action research project that has been conducted on a course in theoretical computer science (TCS). The course is called Algorithms, data structures, and complexity (ADC) and is given at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden. The ADC course is an introduction to TCS, but resembles and succeeds courses introducing programming, system development best practices, problem solving, proving, and logic. Requiring the completion of four programming projects, the course can easily be perceived as a programming course by the students. Most previous research in computer science education has been on programming and introductory courses. The focus of the thesis work has been to understand what subject matter is particularly difficult to students. In three action research cycles, the course has been studied and improved to alleviate the discovered difficulties. We also discuss how the course design may color students’ perceptions of what TCS is. Most of the results are descriptive. Additionally, automated assessment has been introduced in the ADC course as well as in introductory courses for non-CS majors. Automated assessment is appreciated by the students and is directing their attention to the importance of program correctness. A drawback is that the exercises in their current form are not likely to encourage students to take responsibility for program correctness. The most difficult tasks of the course are related to proving correctness, solving complex dynamic programming problems, and to reductions. A certain confusion regarding the epistemology, tools and discourse of the ADC course and of TCS in general can be glimpsed in the way difficulties manifest themselves. Possible consequences of viewing the highly mathematical problems and tools of ADC in more practical, programming, perspective, are discussed. It is likely that teachers could explicitly address more of the nature and discourse of TCS in order to reduce confusion among the students, for instance regarding the use of such words and constructs as “problem”, “verify a solution”, and “proof sketch”. One of the tools used to study difficulties was self-efficacy surveys. No correlation was found between the self-efficacy beliefs and the graded performance on the course. Further investigation of this is beyond the scope of this thesis, but may be done with tasks corresponding more closely and exclusively to each self-efficacy item. Didactics is an additional way for a professional to understand his or her subject. Didactics is concerned with the teaching and learning of something, and hence sheds light on that “something” from an angle that sometimes is not reflected on by its professionals. Reflecting on didactical aspects of TCS can enrichen the understanding of the subject itself, which is one goal with this work.

QC 20140929

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Fadhli, Fathi Ali. "The inclusion of science technology society topics in junior high school Earth science textbooks /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9999279.

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Nerusupalli, Sathvik. "Personalized User Trending Topics." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321888962.

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Pelejo, Diane Christine. "Matrix Results and Techniques in Quantum Information Science and Related Topics." W&M ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449852.

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In this dissertation, we present several matrix-related problems and results motivated by quantum information theory. Some background material of quantum information science will be discussed in chapter 1, while chapter 7 gives a summary of results and concluding remarks. In chapter 2, we look at $2^n\times 2^n$ unitary matrices, which describe operations on a closed $n$-qubit system. We define a set of simple quantum gates, called controlled single qubit gates, and their associated operational cost. We then present a recurrence scheme to decompose a general $2^n\times 2^n$ unitary matrix to the product of no more than $2^{n-1}(2^n-1)$ single qubit gates with small number of controls. In chapter 3, we address the problem of finding a specific element $\Phi$ among a given set of quantum channels $\mathcal{S}$ that will produce the optimal value of a scalar function $D(\rho_1,\Phi(\rho_2))$, on two fixed quantum states $\rho_1$ and $\rho_2$. Some of the functions we considered for $D(\cdot,\cdot)$ are the trace distance, quantum fidelity and quantum relative entropy. We discuss the optimal solution when $\mathcal{S}$ is the set of unitary quantum channels, the set of mixed unitary channels, the set of unital quantum channels, and the set of all quantum channels. In chapter 4, we focus on the spectral properties of qubit-qudit bipartite states with a maximally mixed qudit subsystem. More specifically, given positive numbers $a_1\geq\ldots\geq a_{2n}\geq 0$, we want to determine if there exist a $2n\times 2n$ density matrix $\rho$ having eigenvalues $a_1,\ldots,a_{2n}$ and satisfying $\tr_1(\rho)=\frac{1}{n}I_n$. This problem is a special case of the more general quantum marginal problem. We give the minimal necessary and sufficient conditions on $a_1,\ldots,a_{2n}$ for $n\leq 6$ and state some observations on general values of $n$. In chapter 5, we discuss the numerical method of alternating projections and illustrate its usefulness in: (a) constructing a quantum channel, if it exists, such that $\Phi(\rho^{(1)})=\sigma^{(1)},\ldots, \Phi(\rho^{(k)})=\sigma^{(k)}$ for given $\rho^{(1)},\ldots,\rho^{(k)}\in \mathcal{D}_n$ and $\sigma^{(1)},\ldots,\sigma^{(k)}\in \mathcal{D}_m$, (b) constructing a multipartite state $\rho$ having a prescribed set of reduced states $\rho_1,\ldots, \rho_r$ on $r$ of its subsystems, (c) constructing a multipartite state$\rho$ having prescribed reduced states and additional properties such as having prescribed eigenvalues, prescribed rank or low von Neuman entropy; and (d) determining if a square matrix $A$ can be written as a product of two positive semidefinite contractions. In chapter 6, we examine the shape of the Minkowski product of convex subsets $K_1$ and $K_2$ of $\IC$ given by $K_1K_2 = \{ab: a \in K_1, b\in K_2\}$, which has applications in the study of the product numerical range and quantum error-correction. In \citep{Karol}, it was conjectured that $K_1K_2$ is star-shaped when $K_1$ and $K_2$ are convex. We give counterexamples to show that this conjecture does not hold in general but we show that the set $K_1K_2$ is star-shaped if $K_1$ is a line segment or a circular disk.

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Sjörs, Simon. "Fysikundervisningens science fiction." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysikundervisningens didaktik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-331199.

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Science fiction och populärmedia är en stor del av vardagen i dagens samhälle. Elever konsumerar den typen av media på egen tid och söker sig till den för underhållning utanför skolans väggar, möjligen utan att reflektera över vad det är som konsumeras. Den här studien fokuserar på science fiction och hur de välproducerade medierna tas emot och reflekteras kring av konsumenterna, som i det här fallet är elever. Finns det möjlighet för lärare inom fysik eller någon annan naturvetenskap att utnyttja det intresse och den pseudovetenskap, som dessa medier kan förmedla, i skolan? Elever har en bild av vad fysik är i skolans värld efter hur fysikundervisningen är upplagd och syftet för arbetet är att undersöka möjliga sätt som de olika världarna kan mötas. Det riktar sig mot att utvärdera en undersökning gjord i en elevgrupp bestående av 6 fysikstuderande elever på gymnasiet. Kärnan i undersökningen är att se vilka typer av diskussioner som uppstår efter visning av ett eller flera filmklipp från populära spelfilmer, innehållande fysiska moment. De fysiska momenten är sekvenser som kan förklaras med den fysik vi har idag eller så kan det vara orimliga sekvenser som inte går att förklara. Eftersom den här typen av media ofta bygger på att skapa känslor hos konsumenten så förekommer det att verklighetsförankringen ofta försvinner. Det teoretiska ramverk som undersökningen håller sig till utgår i konceptet ägandeskap av lärande och syftar till hur elever utvärderar sina egna idéer och tar ansvar för att följa upp tidigare funderingar eller frågor som de själva uttryckt. På så vis kan eleverna själva förhoppningsvis se värdet av kritiskt tänkande och även att eleverna kan minnas vad de lärt sig över en längre tid.
Science fiction or rather popular media is a major part of everyday life in today's society. Students consume this media in their spare time and watch it for entertainment, possibly without even reflecting over the consumed content. This paper will focus on science fiction and how the well-produced media is received and reflected upon by the consumers, in this case upper-secondary physics students. Is there an opportunity for physics teachers or other natural sciences teachers to make good use of the interest and the pseudo science, that these media can convey, at school? Pupils have an idea of what physics is in school considering how physics education is laid out and the purpose of this work is to explore possible ways that these different worlds can meet. The work is aimed at evaluating a one hour session done with a student group consisting of 6 physics students in high school. The essence of the survey is to see what types of discussions occur after viewing one or more movie clips containing different physical phenomena. The physical events are shown in movieclips and can be explained by the physics we have today or there may be unrealistic events that cannot be explained. This kind of popular media is often based on creating emotional connections with the consumer which can take away the connection to reality and the real world physics. The theoretical framework that the study was based on is the concept of ownership of learning, this aims to consider how students evaluate their own ideas and take responsibility for following up on previous ideas or questions that they themselves expressed. That way the students hopefully find value in critical thinking and the retention of knowledge might increase.

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Palacios, Patricia [Verfasser], and Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] Hartmann. "Phase transitions in science: selected philosophical topics / Patricia Palacios ; Betreuer: Stephan Hartmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1206878304/34.

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Lowery, Bradley R. "Topics in communication avoiding algorithms and stability analysis." Thesis, University of Colorado at Denver, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3621837.

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High performance linear algebra kernels are essential for scientific computing. Fast, accurate, and robust algorithms are required to process the large amount of data present in today's applications. In this thesis, we present new performance analysis, new error analysis, new stable algorithms, and new computational results.

An algorithm's performance depends on the computational cost and the communication cost. We begin with a study of the communication cost for dense linear algebra algorithms. We improve the lower bounds for the amount of communications in matrix multiplication. We also review optimal algorithms for dense linear algebra algorithms focusing on recursive algorithms.

We also consider the communication cost of the reduction operation. A reduction is a collective communication that is often used to communicate data in a parallel application. We present two new algorithms each developed under different models. In a unidirectional model, we prove our new algorithm is optimal. In a bidirectional model, we show experimentally our new algorithm has the same time complexity of a reverse optimal broadcast. Our implementations show that the new algorithms are viable options in practice.

In the remaining chapters, we turn our attention to error analysis. We present a complete error analysis study of computing an oblique QR factorization. As part of this study we introduce a new, stable, communication avoiding algorithm. Performance experiments confirm the benefit of the communication avoiding algorithms.

Finally, we consider the error due to the balancing algorithm, a preprocessing step to the nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem. We modify the balancing algorithm by improving its stopping criteria. We present several test cases where the previous balancing algorithm deteriorated the accuracy of the computation. The new algorithm successfully maintains satisfactory backward error for all test cases.

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Lemire, Garlic Nicole. "COP TOPICS: TOPIC MODELING-ASSISTED DISCOVERIES OF POLICE-RELATED THEMES IN AFRICAN-AMERICAN JOURNALISTIC TEXTS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/453021.

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Media Studies & Production
M.A.
The analysis of mainstream newspaper content has long been mined by communication scholars and researchers for insights into public opinion and perceptions. In recent years, scholars have been examining African-American authored periodicals to obtain similar insights. Hearkening back to the 1950s and 1960s civil rights movement in the United States, the highly-publicized killings of African-American men by police officers during the past several years have highlighted longstanding strained police-community relations. As part of its role as both a reflection of, and an advocate for, the African-American community, African-American journalistic texts contain a wealth of data about African-American public opinion about, and perceptions of, police. In years past, media content analysts would manually sift through newspapers to divine interesting police-related themes and variables worthy of study. But, with the exponential growth of digitized texts, communication scholars are experimenting with computerized text analysis tools like topic modeling software to aid them in their content analyses. This thesis considers to what degree topic modeling software can be used at the exploratory stage of designing a content analysis study to aid in uncovering themes and variables worthy of further investigation. Appendix A contains results of the manual exploratory content analysis. The list of topics generated by the topic modeling software may be found in Appendix B.
Temple University--Theses

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Hodges, Eddie Louis. "Influence of number of topics, topic duration, and curriculum focus on biology achievement of population 3 TIMSS countries /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9998483.

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Kamolnick, Paul. "Topics in the Middle East." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/635.

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Trolin, Mårten. "Two topics in cryptography : lattice problems and the security of protocols." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, NADA, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-151.

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In this thesis we present new results in two areas – cryptographic protocols and lattice problems.

• We present a new protocol for electronic cash which is designed to function on hardware with limited computing power. The scheme has provable security properties and low computational requirements, but it still gives a fair amount of privacy. Another feature of the system is that there is no master secret that could be used for counterfeiting money if stolen.

• We introduce the notion of hierarchical group signatures. This is a proper generalization of group signatures, which allows multiple group managers organized in a tree with the signers as leaves. For a signer that is a leaf of the subtree of a group manager, the group manager learns which of its children that (perhaps indirectly) manages the signer. We provide definitions for the new notion and construct a scheme that is provably secure given the existence of a family of trapdoor permutations. We also present a construction which is relatively practical, and prove its security in the random oracle model under the strong RSA assumption and the DDH assumption.

• We show a weakness in the specification for offline capable EMV payment cards. The weakness, which applies to cards without RSA capability, enables an attacker to duplicate a card and make transactions that cannot be tied to the original card.

• We give a method for approximating any n-dimensional lattice with a lattice Λ whose factor group Zn/Λ has n - 1 cycles of equal length with arbitrary precision. We also show that a direct consequence of this is that the Shortest Vector Problem and the Closest Vector Problem cannot be easier for this type of lattices than for general lattices.

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Zhou, Yiwei. "Understanding the topics and opinions from social media content." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/100421/.

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Social media has become one indispensable part of people’s daily life, as it records and reflects people’s opinions and events of interest, as well as influences people’s perceptions. As the most commonly employed and easily accessed data format on social media, a great deal of the social media textual content is not only factual and objective, but also rich in opinionated information. Thus, besides the topics Internet users are talking about in social media textual content, it is also of great importance to understand the opinions they are expressing. In this thesis, I present my broadly applicable text mining approaches, in order to understand the topics and opinions of user-generated texts on social media, to provide insights about the thoughts of Internet users on entities, events, etc. Specifically, I develop approaches to understand the semantic differences between language-specific editions of Wikipedia, when discussing certain entities from the related topical aspects perspective and the aggregated sentiment bias perspective. Moreover, I employ effective features to detect the reputation-influential sentences for person and company entities in Wikipedia articles, which lead to the detected sentiment bias. Furthermore, I propose neural network models with different levels of attention mechanism, to detect the stances of tweets towards any given target. I also introduce an online timeline generation approach, to detect and summarise the relevant sub-topics in the tweet stream, in order to provide Internet users with some insights about the evolution of major events they are interested in.

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Harwath, David F. (David Frank). "Unsupervised modeling of latent topics and lexical units in speech audio." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82395.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-70).
Zero-resource speech processing involves the automatic analysis of a collection of speech data in a completely unsupervised fashion without the benefit of any transcriptions or annotations of the data. In this thesis, we describe a zero-resource framework that automatically discovers important words, phrases and topical themes present in an audio corpus. This system employs a segmental dynamic time warping (S-DTW) algorithm for acoustic pattern discovery in conjunction with a probabilistic model which treats the topic and pseudo-word identity of each discovered pattern as hidden variables. By applying an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm, our method estimates the latent probability distributions over the pseudo-words and topics associated with the discovered patterns. Using this information, we produce informative acoustic summaries of the dominant topical themes of the audio document collection.
by David F. Harwath.
S.M.

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Böhm, Christoph. "Enriching the Web of Data with topics and links." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6862/.

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This thesis presents novel ideas and research findings for the Web of Data – a global data space spanning many so-called Linked Open Data sources. Linked Open Data adheres to a set of simple principles to allow easy access and reuse for data published on the Web. Linked Open Data is by now an established concept and many (mostly academic) publishers adopted the principles building a powerful web of structured knowledge available to everybody. However, so far, Linked Open Data does not yet play a significant role among common web technologies that currently facilitate a high-standard Web experience. In this work, we thoroughly discuss the state-of-the-art for Linked Open Data and highlight several shortcomings – some of them we tackle in the main part of this work. First, we propose a novel type of data source meta-information, namely the topics of a dataset. This information could be published with dataset descriptions and support a variety of use cases, such as data source exploration and selection. For the topic retrieval, we present an approach coined Annotated Pattern Percolation (APP), which we evaluate with respect to topics extracted from Wikipedia portals. Second, we contribute to entity linking research by presenting an optimization model for joint entity linking, showing its hardness, and proposing three heuristics implemented in the LINked Data Alignment (LINDA) system. Our first solution can exploit multi-core machines, whereas the second and third approach are designed to run in a distributed shared-nothing environment. We discuss and evaluate the properties of our approaches leading to recommendations which algorithm to use in a specific scenario. The distributed algorithms are among the first of their kind, i.e., approaches for joint entity linking in a distributed fashion. Also, we illustrate that we can tackle the entity linking problem on the very large scale with data comprising more than 100 millions of entity representations from very many sources. Finally, we approach a sub-problem of entity linking, namely the alignment of concepts. We again target a method that looks at the data in its entirety and does not neglect existing relations. Also, this concept alignment method shall execute very fast to serve as a preprocessing for further computations. Our approach, called Holistic Concept Matching (HCM), achieves the required speed through grouping the input by comparing so-called knowledge representations. Within the groups, we perform complex similarity computations, relation conclusions, and detect semantic contradictions. The quality of our result is again evaluated on a large and heterogeneous dataset from the real Web. In summary, this work contributes a set of techniques for enhancing the current state of the Web of Data. All approaches have been tested on large and heterogeneous real-world input.
Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt neue Ideen sowie Forschungsergebnisse für das Web of Data vor. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein globales Netz aus sogenannten Linked Open Data (LOD) Quellen. Diese Datenquellen genügen gewissen Prinzipien, um Nutzern einen leichten Zugriff über das Internet und deren Verwendung zu ermöglichen. LOD ist bereits weit verbreitet und es existiert eine Vielzahl von Daten-Veröffentlichungen entsprechend der LOD Prinzipien. Trotz dessen ist LOD bisher kein fester Baustein des Webs des 21. Jahrhunderts. Die folgende Arbeit erläutert den aktuellen Stand der Forschung und Technik für Linked Open Data und identifiziert dessen Schwächen. Einigen Schwachstellen von LOD widmen wir uns in dem darauf folgenden Hauptteil. Zu Beginn stellen wir neuartige Metadaten für Datenquellen vor – die Themen von Datenquellen (engl. Topics). Solche Themen könnten mit Beschreibungen von Datenquellen veröffentlicht werden und eine Reihe von Anwendungsfällen, wie das Auffinden und Explorieren relevanter Daten, unterstützen. Wir diskutieren unseren Ansatz für die Extraktion dieser Metainformationen – die Annotated Pattern Percolation (APP). Experimentelle Ergebnisse werden mit Themen aus Wikipedia Portalen verglichen. Des Weiteren ergänzen wir den Stand der Forschung für das Auffinden verschiedener Repräsentationen eines Reale-Welt-Objektes (engl. Entity Linking). Für jenes Auffinden werden nicht nur lokale Entscheidungen getroffen, sondern es wird die Gesamtheit der Objektbeziehungen genutzt. Wir diskutieren unser Optimierungsmodel, beweisen dessen Schwere und präsentieren drei Ansätze zur Berechnung einer Lösung. Alle Ansätze wurden im LINked Data Alignment (LINDA) System implementiert. Die erste Methode arbeitet auf einer Maschine, kann jedoch Mehrkern-Prozessoren ausnutzen. Die weiteren Ansätze wurden für Rechnercluster ohne gemeinsamen Speicher entwickelt. Wir evaluieren unsere Ergebnisse auf mehr als 100 Millionen Entitäten und erläutern Vor- sowie Nachteile der jeweiligen Ansätze. Im verbleibenden Teil der Arbeit behandeln wir das Linking von Konzepten – ein Teilproblem des Entity Linking. Unser Ansatz, Holistic Concept Matching (HCM), betrachtet abermals die Gesamtheit der Daten. Wir gruppieren die Eingabe um eine geringe Laufzeit bei der Verarbeitung von mehreren Hunderttausenden Konzepten zu erreichen. Innerhalb der Gruppen berechnen wir komplexe Ähnlichkeiten, und spüren semantische Schlussfolgerungen und Widersprüche auf. Die Qualität des Ergebnisses evaluieren wir ebenfalls auf realen Datenmengen. Zusammenfassend trägt diese Arbeit zum aktuellen Stand der Forschung für das Web of Data bei. Alle diskutierten Techniken wurden mit realen, heterogenen und großen Datenmengen getestet.

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Zeng, Wenjie. "Topics in Energy Efficiency of Low-Power Wireless Sensor Networks." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354555977.

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McDaniel, Colleen Marie. "The effects of problem-based learning on student understanding of Advanced PlacementÂ® environmental science topics." Montana State University, 2012. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2012/mcdaniel/McDanielC0812.pdf.

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Often during second semester, I lose the attention of my students due to their preoccupation with being second semester seniors and with college acceptances. This project used student-centered, problem-based learning to regain their attention and make them more accountable for their learning in my AP Â® Environmental Science course. I also looked at the affect it had on their study strategies, motivation, and metacognition in class, along with my own attitude about teaching. This project investigated the effect that problem-based learning had on understanding of AP Â® Environmental Science topics when compared to a traditional teacher-centered lecture based unit. Students understanding of material was assessed using pre and postunit assessments, along with formative assessments, and concept map interviews. Other methods of data collection were used to understand changes in student's attitudes, study methods, and metacognition in all units. The attitude of students was determined through using attitude surveys and individual interviews. Student surveys along with interviews helped understand the changes in study habits and metacognition. Observations made throughout the units also supplied data to analyze these areas. Results indicated a mixed effect on each of the areas addressed. In the first treatment unit there was a positive trend, with improvement in attitude, attainment of knowledge of concepts, and metacognition, but in the second treatment the trend was opposite. The same observation can be made with my attitude toward teaching that in the first unit it was more positive while in the second unit it was more negative.

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Welch, Jennifer. "Topics in distributed computing : the impact of partial synchrony, and modular decomposition of algorithms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80451.

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Qi, Wang. "Studies in the Dynamics of Science : Exploring emergence, classification, and interdisciplinarity." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-184724.

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The dynamic nature of science is embodied in the growth of knowledge in magnitude and the transformation of knowledge in structure. More specifically, the growth in magnitude is indicated by a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications in recent decades. The transformation of knowledge occurs as the boundaries of scientific disciplines become increasingly less distinct, resulting in a complicated situation wherein disciplines and interdisciplinary research topics coexist and co-evolve. Knowledge production in such a context creates challenges for the measurement of science.This thesisaims to develop more flexible bibliometric methodologies in order to address some of the challenges to measuring science effectively. To be specific, this thesis1) proposes a new approach for identifying emerging research topics; 2) measuresthe interdisciplinarity of research topics; 3) explores the accuracy of the journal classification systems of the Web of Science and Scopus; 4) examines the role of cognitive distance in grant decisions; and 5) investigates the effect of cognitive distance between collaborators on their research output. The data used in this thesisaremainly from the in-house Web of Science and Scopus databases of the Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS) at Leiden University. Quantitativeanalyses, in particular bibliometric analyses,are the main research methodologies employed in this thesis. Furthermore, this thesis primarily offers methodological contributions, proposing a series of approaches designed to tackle the challenges created by the dynamics of science. While the major contribution of this dissertation lies in the improvement of certain bibliometric approaches, it also enhances the understanding of the current system of science. In particular, the approaches and research findings presented here have implications for various stakeholders, including publishing organizations, bibliographic database producers, research policy makers, and research funding agencies. Indeed, these approaches could be built into a software tool and thereby be made available to researchers beyond the field of bibliometric studies.

QC 20160406

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Fratesi, Sarah Elizabeth. "The Virtual Landscape of Geological Information Topics, Methods, and Rhetoric in Modern Geology." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002777.

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Ho, Hsi-Ming. "Topics in monitoring and planning for embedded real-time systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f507756d-8bdc-4b1f-8bbf-214c9997f9c5.

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The verification of real-time systems has gained much interest in the formal verification community during the past two decades. In this thesis, we investigate two real-time verification problems that benefit from the techniques normally used in untimed verification. The first part of this thesis is concerned with the monitoring of real-time specifications. We study the expressiveness of metric temporal logics over timed words, a problem that dates back to early 1990s. We show that the logic obtained by extending Metric Temporal Logic (MTL) with two families of new modalities is expressively complete for the Monadic First-Order Logic of Order and Metric (FO[<,+1]) in time-bounded settings. Furthermore, by allowing rational constants, expressive completeness also holds in the general (time-unbounded) setting. Finally, we incorporate several notions and techniques from LTL monitoring to obtain the first trace-length independent monitoring procedure for this logic. The second part of this thesis concerns a decision problem regarding UAVs: given a set of targets (each ascribed with a relative deadline) and flight times between each pair of targets, is there a way to coordinate a flock of k identical UAVs so that all targets are visited infinitely often and no target is ever left unvisited for a time longer than its relative deadline? We show that the problem is PSPACE-complete even in the single-UAV case, thereby corrects an erroneous claim from the literature. We then complement this result by proposing an efficient antichain-based approach where a delayed simulation is used to prune the state space. Experimental results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.

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Vaníček, Jiří. "Introducing topics from informatics into primary school curricula : how do teachers take it?" Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6448/.

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The process of introducing compulsory ICT education at primary school level in the Czech Republic should be completed next year. Programming and Information, two topics from the basics of computer science have been included in a new textbook. The question is whether the new chapters of the textbook are comprehensible for primary school teachers, who have undergone no training in computer science. The paper reports on a pilot verification project in which pre-service primary school teachers were trained to teach these informatics topics.

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George, Frikkie. "The effects of a dialogical argumentation and assessment for learning instruction model (DAAFLIM) on science students’ conception of selected scientific topics." University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8402.

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Doctor Educationis
The central concern of this study has been to determine the effectiveness or otherwise of a combined Dialogical Argumentation Instructional Method (DAIM) and the Assessment for Learning Model (DAAFLIM) strategies in enhancing Tertiary and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) students’ conceptions of selected scientific topics. The extant literature has shown that students often hold other worldviews or funds of knowledge, which might be in conflict with canonical school science. In light of this, DAAFLIM has been chosen for a number of reasons: (1) it has been shown to be effective for revealing students’ scientific and alternative worldviews; (2) it provides the learning environment that encourages students to express themselves freely, exchange views with others, reflect on what they have learned, and even to change their minds in the face of stronger arguments; (3) it is compatible with the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statements (CAPS) curriculum which emphasizes that educators should integrate school science with students’ indigenous knowledge as a way to make the former more relevant to their sociocultural environment; (4) assists educators to plan instruction in accordance with the needs of multicultural science classroom; and (5) the combination of classroom discourses with continuous or formative assessment (as exemplified by DAAFLIM), instead of the usual terminal summative assessment, tends to mitigate the fears that students usually associate with assessment. Specifically, a group of TVET students i.e. the Experimental group (E-group) was exposed to DAAFLIM while the other group i.e. the Control group (C-group) was exposed to traditional instruction method (TIM).

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Jo, Sokhyo. "Topics on the History of Tibetan Astronomy With a Focus on Background Knowledge of Eclipse Calculations in the 18th Century." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493606.

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The eclipse calculations in Tibet feature religious implications. One religious issue is Buddhist chronology (bstan rtsis). With Kālacakra calculational bases, Tibetan Kālacakra astronomers have tried to synchronize with the Buddhist texts, stating that the Buddha’s enlightenment occurred during a lunar eclipse of the full moon. The concept is called “backward calculation” (yar log gi rtsis). Another religious issue is the rite of poṣadha (gso sbyong). At some point in Tibet, the idea of ūnarātra (zhag mi thub) in the Abhidharma literature was used to argue the accuracy of the weekday (gza’) value of the skar rtsis for the performance of gso sbyong. However, the decision of the accurate day for the gso sbyong during the 18th century Amdo became an issue. At stake was the conjunction with the occurrence of the solar eclipses, whose dates occasionally matched up with the Qing Chinese calendar, not with the skar rtsis calendar. Upon these cases, one of the possible solutions was to perform gso sbyong in conformity with region (yul bstun gso sbyong) according to the Chinese date. Under the situation that an eclipse is closely tied to the religious chronology and practice, Tibetan astronomers made great efforts to produce the eclipse calculation results which were in accordance with direct experience (mngon sum). However, they have been confronted with the incongruity between their calculations and the real phenomena of an eclipse. Inevitably, the non-Kālacakra methods and knowledge, including observation, empirical data, debates, criticism, research into other traditions, etc. have been incorporated into the skar rtsis system based upon the Kālacakra. Technically, adding a correction (nur ster), the correction of residual (rtsis ’phro), the correction of a Great Conjunction at the zero point (stong chen ’das lo), etc., within the conceptual and methodological framework of the Kālacakra, have been used to tally calculations with the real phenomena of an eclipse. Also, the non-Kālacakra Chinese Lixiang kaocheng system (later known as Mā yang rgya rtsis), which was based upon modern geometric and trigonometric knowledge, was used.
Inner Asian and Altaic Studies

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Dagiene, Valentina, Tatjana Jevsikova, Carsten Schule, Sue Sentance, and Neena Thota. "A comparison of current trends within computer science teaching in school in Germany and the UK." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6450/.

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In the last two years, CS as a school subject has gained a lot of attention worldwide, although different countries have differing approaches to and experiences of introducing CS in schools. This paper reports on a study comparing current trends in CS at school, with a major focus on two countries, Germany and UK. A survey was carried out of a number of teaching professionals and experts from the UK and Germany with regard to the content and delivery of CS in school. An analysis of the quantitative data reveals a difference in foci in the two countries; putting this into the context of curricular developments we are able to offer interpretations of these trends and suggest ways in which curricula in CS at school should be moving forward.

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Mamili, Joy Z. "Teachers’ use of situated learning approaches to teach environmental topics in Natural Science and Health Education: a multi-case study of two Namibian teachers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/40901.

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This study focuses on the use of situated learning approaches in the teaching of environmental topics in Natural Science and Health Education (NSHED) and is the first of its kind in Namibia. Although situated learning approaches, as examples of learner-centred pedagogy, are advocated in national education policies, little empirical research has been conducted in Namibia into how situated learning approaches play out in classroom practice. Therefore, the goal of this study was to find out how NSHED teachers use situated learning approaches when teaching environmental topics. The study reviews the characteristics of situated learning theory and clarifies situated learning approaches as a form of learner-centred pedagogy which is actively promoted in the Namibian schooling system. The study commences with a contextual profile of the communities around the two selected schools. This describes the socio-economic and social-ecological context in which learners are taught about environmental topics. The profile also describes the under-performance of the schools in recent national assessments, especially in relation to environmental topics in NSHED. Drawing on data generated through document analysis, semi-structured interviews and classroom observations, the study concluded that: 1. NSHED teachers both knew about and wished to create an authentic context to enhance situated learning approaches. However, their understandings and applications of situated learning tended to be basic. 2. Teachers dominated the scaffolding process and their scaffolding strategies did not enable learners to increase independence in performing. 3. Despite the use of situated learning approaches, learners’ engagement with lesson content was superficial, and the teachers did little to encourage deeper reflections or critical thinking. 4. The teachers appeared to use situated learning approaches to clarify subject content but not to encourage broader environmental understanding, action-taking and change. Based on the research findings, the study recommends that situated learning approaches be integrated into pre- and in-service teacher training with the aim of enhancing teachers’ understanding regarding the use of situated learning approaches in the teaching of environmental topics in NSHED.

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Zhang, Michael. "Is a Viable Theistic Program of Psychological Research Possible?" BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4298.

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This thesis explores whether a viable theistic program of psychological research is possible. The importance of this exploration has to do with naturalism's monopoly on psychological science, inasmuch as naturalism prevents other worldviews from competing fairly in psychology's scientific marketplace by controlling the criteria of psychological science. Because theism is naturalism's most complete rival, considering theism's scientific potential in psychology is crucial to dismantling naturalism's monopoly. Contrary to conventional wisdom, theism encompasses a unique set of understandings about the natural events that constitute the discipline of psychology. Therefore, a robust scientific conception of theism would change how psychological researchers understand and utilize existing research methods and psychological topics. Not only are quantitative and qualitative methods capable of theistic deployment; traditionally theistic topics and radically secular topics within psychology can also be reconceptualized and investigated theistically. Indeed, theistic reconceptualizations of psychological theories and topics lead to new and different research questions, hypotheses, and predictions as well as original studies and prospective programs of research, suggesting that theism is heuristic for the discipline of psychology in its current constitution. A viable theistic program of psychological research is not only possible, but also necessary for psychological science.

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Henriksson, Johan. "En analys av hur en undervisning med Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE) bör påverka elevers syn på fysik, fysikinlärning och fysikexperiment. Samt en svensk översättning av två Research-Based Assessment Instruments (RBAIs) - CLASS och ECLASS." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysikundervisningens didaktik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415514.

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Först ges en beskrivning av undervsiningsfilosofin Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE) och research-based assessment instruments (RBAIerna) CLASS och ECLASS, följt av en översättning till svenska av RBAIerna. En analys skedde sedan av hur svaren till påståendena i RBAIerna (pre- vs post-) förväntas ändras om en ISLE-baserad undervisning ges. I analysen försökte jag koppla påståendena till någon eller några av de sex vetenskapliga förmågorna och deras tillhörande bedömningsmatriser, vilka nu är en integrerad komponent i ISLE filosofin, men som ursprungligen utvecklades av Rutgers Physics and Astronomy Education (PAER) group. Jag använde även litteratur om ISLE och textboken "College Physics: Explore and Apply", vilken används i ISLEbaserade kurser, för att analysera påståendena. Resultatet blev att en majoritet av alla påståenden - 72\% av CLASS- och 77\% av ECLASSpåståendena - bör besvaras mer expertlikt efter en ISLE-baserad undervisning än innan. Ett påstående i CLASS, vilket motsvarar 3\% av påståendena i enkäten bedömdes även besvaras mindre expertlikt och resterande kunde jag inte, utifrån min analysmetod förutsäga om de skulle besvaras mindre, lika eller mer expertlikt. Efter analysen och undersökningar av tidigare studier om studenters prestationer på CLASS- och ECLASSenkäterna, formulerades en förutsägelse att en ISLE-baserad undervisning bör leda till att elever svarar mer expertlikt än om de undervisas traditionellt. En pilotstudie av den svenska översättningen genomfördes sedan på elever inom olika utbildningsnivåer mellan gymnasie- och doktorandnivå. Resultatet analyserades och jämfördes med tidigare forskning i andra länder, även om både skillnader och likheter kunde hittas var det svårt att dra några generella slutsatser på grund av få svarande i min studie.
A description of the teaching philosophy Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE) and the research-based assessment instruments (RBAIs) CLASS and ECLASS are given, followed by a translation of the RBAIs into Swedish. An analysis is then made of how the answers to the RBAIs (pre- vs. post-) are expected to change if students take an ISLE-based physics course. In the analysis, I tried to connect the statements to one or more of the six scientific abilities and their associated rubrics, which are now a component of the ISLE philosophy but are originally developed by the Rutgers Physics and Astronomy Education (PAER) group. I did also use literature about ISLE and the textbook “College Physics: Explore and Apply” which is used in ISLE based courses, to analyze the statements. I found that that the majority of the statements - 72 \% in CLASS and 77 \% in ECLASS – are expected to be answered in a more expert-like way after an ISLE-based course. One statement in CLASS, which corresponds to 3 \% of the statements in the survey, is expected to be answered in a less expert-like way. For the rest of the statements I could not predict, using my method of analysis, if they would be answered less, equally or more expert-like. After performing the analysis and examining the existing research literature on student performance on CLASS and ECLASS surveys, a prediction that ISLE-based teaching should lead to more expert-like answers than traditional teaching is formulated. Results from a recent empirical study done in the US, published after my analysis was complete, appear to be in agreement with the prediction that follows from my analysis. A pilot study of the Swedish translations of CLASS and ECLASS was also performed on students at different educational levels, ranging from upper secondary to doctoral level. The results were analyzed and compared to previous research in other countries. Although both differences and similarities could be found, it was not possible to draw any general conclusions due to the small number of respondents in my study.

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Deekens, Victor M. Greene Jeffrey Alan. "Differences in the use of macro-level self-regulated learning processes between students that gain declarative knowledge and students that gain conceptual understanding about complex science topics." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2177.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Jun. 26, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Educational Psychology, Measurement, and Evaluation in the School of Education." Discipline: Education; Department/School: Education.

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Eriksson, Nathalie. "Fenomenet fysik som innehåll i förskolans verksamhet : Förskollärarnas uppfattning." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-56635.

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The purpose of this study was to ascertain how preschool teachers think the subject of physics is shown in the preschool environment. A comparison was also conducted to see if there was any difference between the preschool teachers view of working with physics depending on when they were educated. The study was conducted in the form of qualitative semi-structured interviews with active preschool teachers. The interviews were conducted in a calm environment and there was no disturbances. The interviews were used as a foundation to see if the preschool teachers thought they had sufficient knowledge in physics to be able to complete their work. A comparison was made between two newly graduated preschool teachers and two preschool teachers educated in the 1990s. The results show that the preschool teachers think physics is an interesting subject, but they don’t work with it sufficiently. They believe the reason for that this is insufficient material, lack of time, conflicting colleagues and ignorance.

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Ljunggren, Pär. "Introducing ISLE with an Inspiration from the Mythbusters." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysikundervisningens didaktik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-342977.

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The purpose of this paper was to analyse how the ISLE method and the TV-show theMythbusters correspond to one another, to the Swedish upper secondary physics curriculum andPopper’s philosophy about research methods.The study aims to respond to the following research questions: 1. How do the structures of the Mythbusters and ISLE relate to one another? 2. What are the possibilities and potential benefits and drawbacks of implementingISLE with a Mythbusters approach in physics education? 3. To what extent do the Mythbusters and ISLE approaches present natural sciencepractices that are in line with Popper’s view of the nature of science? The paper shows that the structures of the Mythbusters and ISLE approaches to teaching andproblem solving relate via their focus upon scientific methods. Both give, to some degree, thepeople that interact with them confidence and tools to be able to analyse events they observe.The analysis found some isolated parts of correspondence between the Mythbusters andPopper’s view of nature and science. ISLE, however, is pervaded by Popper’s ideas of scientificmethods, where the main assumption is that you cannot prove anything, you may only try tofalsify it and thereby give the hypothesis a higher corroboration.Even though the creator of ISLE motivates the reasoning of choosing the falsification andcorroboration as main ingredients in a way that differs from Popper’s arguments, its essence ofthe concepts is still there.If an instructor were to include the Mythbusters, with for example using myths that the showtreated as an hypothesis, when implementing ISLE in a physics education course, the coursewould correspond quite well will Karl Popper’s idea of falsification and corroboration. It is alsogiven an implication that the students perform better when the TV-show is used as tool to learnabout scientific methods. The inclusion of Mythbusters as a resource for learning can serve as abridge between popular culture, everyday phenomena and school physics, which can potentiallyhave a positive impact on student motivation.

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Schulteis, Michael. "The condition and effects of evolutionary education in the parochial school." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15999.

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The purpose of this research was to determine the condition of evolution education in American parochial schools and the effect of evolution education on students' attitudes toward science. Data were gathered using Eraser's Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA) and Bilica's Teaching Evolutionary Topics Survey (TETS). The research participants consisted of 60.3% of biology teachers currently teaching in Lutheran high schools in the United States, and 479 Lutheran high school biology students grades 9-12 in California, Nevada, and Arizona. In the first attitudinal study done specifically on parochial students, statistical analysis confirmed the reliability and validity of the TOSRA instrument for parochial school students. In a quasi-experimental design, analysis revealed that student science attitudes do change as a result of participating in a unit on evolution in the first year biology classes of secondary parochial schools. The emphasis placed by teachers on particular evolutionary topics was also analysed. It was found that all Lutheran high school biology teachers present evolution to some extent although not all topics are emphasized equally. The results also demonstrate that parochial school teachers have nearly the same emphasis placed on evolution as do public school teachers.

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Portnoff, Scott R. "(1) The case for using foreign language pedagogies in introductory computer programming instruction (2) A contextualized pre-AP computer programming curriculum| Models and simulations for exploring real-world cross-curricular topics." Thesis, California State University, Los Angeles, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10132126.

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Large numbers of novice programmers have been failing postsecondary introductory computer science programming (CS1) courses for nearly four decades. Student learning is much worse in secondary programming courses of similar or even lesser rigor. This has critical implications for efforts to reclassify Computer Science (CS) as a core secondary subject. State departments of education have little incentive to do so until it can be demonstrated that most grade-level students will not only pass such classes, but will be well-prepared to succeed in subsequent vertically aligned coursework.

One rarely considered cause for such massive failure is insufficient pedagogic attention to teaching a programming language (PL) as a language, per se. Students who struggle with acquiring proficiency in using a PL can be likened to students who flounder in a French class due to a poor grasp of the language's syntactic or semantic features. Though natural languages (NL) and PLs differ in many key respects, a recently reported (2014) fMRI study has demonstrated that comprehension of computer programs primarily utilizes regions of the brain involved in language processing, not math. The implications for CS pedagogy are that, if PLs are learned in ways fundamentally similar to how second languages (L2) are acquired, foreign language pedagogies (FLP) and second language acquisition (SLA) theories can be key sources for informing the crafting of effective PL teaching strategies.

In this regard, key features of contemporary L2 pedagogies relevant to effective PL instruction—reflecting the late 20^th-century shift in emphasis from cognitive learning that stressed grammatical knowledge, to one that facilitates communication and practical uses of the language—are: (1) repetitive and comprehensible input in a variety of contexts, and (2) motivated, meaningful communication and interaction.

Informed by these principles, four language-based strategies adapted for PL instruction are described, the first to help students acquire syntax and three others for learning semantics: (a) memorization; (b) setting components in relief; (c) transformations; and (d) ongoing exposure.

Anecdotal observations in my classroom have long indicated that memorization of small programs and program fragments can immediately and drastically reduce the occurrence of syntax errors among novice pre-AP Java programming students. A modest first experiment attempting to confirm the effect was statistically unconvincing: for students most likely to struggle, the Pearson coefficient of −0.474 (p < 0.064) suggested a low-modest inverse correlation. A follow-up study will be better designed. Still, a possible explanation for the anecdotal phenomenon is that the repetition required for proficient memorization activates the same subconscious language acquisition processes that construct NL grammars when learners are exposed to language data.

Dismal retention rates subsequent to the introductory programming course have historically also been a persistent problem. One key factor impacting attrition is a student's intrinsic motivation, which is shaped both by interest in, and self-efficacy with regards to, the subject matter. Interest involves not just CS concepts, but also context, the domains used to illustrate how one can apply those concepts. One way to tap into a wide range of student interests is to demonstrate the capacity of CS to explore, model, simulate and solve non-trivial problems in domains across the academic spectrum, fields that students already value and whose basic concepts they already understand.

An original University of California "G" elective (UCOP "a-g" approved) pre-AP programming course along these principles is described. In this graphics-based Processing course, students are guided through the process of writing and studying small dynamic art programs, progressing to mid-size graphics programs that model or simulate real-world problems and phenomena in geography, biology, political science and astronomy. The contextualized course content combined with the language-specific strategies outlined above address both interest and self-efficacy. Although anecdotally these appear to have a positive effect on student understanding and retention, studies need to be done on a larger scale to validate these outcomes.

Finally, a critique is offered of the movement to replace rigorous secondary programming instruction with survey courses—particularly Exploring Computer Science and APCS Principles—under the guise of "democratizing" secondary CS education or to address the severe and persistent demographic disparities. This group of educators has promulgated a nonsensical fiction that programming is simply one of many subdisciplines of the field, rather than the core skill needed to understand all other CS topics in any deep and meaningful way. These courses present a facade of mitigating demographic disparities, but leave participants no better prepared for subsequent CS study.

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Maxwell, Edward Robert. "Centre-right failure in new democracies : the case of the Romanian Democratic Convention." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7607/.

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This thesis asks why some centre-right formations have been more successful than others in the new democracies of Central and Eastern Europe. It does so by examining a single centre-right formation – the Romanian Democratic Convention. It adds to an existing body of literature that covers the development of political parties in post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe and to the small number of studies focusing on centre-right parties in the region. Specifically it adds to the literature on party success and failure and to that on Romanian party and electoral politics. The Romanian Democratic Convention is chosen to add new insights: it is unusual because it is a study of organisational failure and because there is a geographical imbalance in the published studies of the politics of the region towards the Visegrad states. The thesis acknowledges existing academic debate about the competing influences of historical legacies, agency and structural factors in relation to post-Communist democratisation. It aims to identify what led the Convention to first establish itself but then fail to consolidate and eventually to collapse. It draws on a range of sources: semi-structured interviews; contemporaneous newspaper reports; published diaries and autobiographies and a number of secondary sources. The thesis is structured thematically, examining the role of legacies and critical events in shaping long term behaviour by politicians (chapters three and four); organisational factors and the influence of operational objectives (chapter five); the search for a broad and integrative ideology (chapter six). The conclusions in chapter seven suggest that successfully crafting a new, broad political formation requires a degree of pragmatism, directive leadership and political entrepreneurship that was missing from the Democratic Convention because it was shaped by Romania's transition from Communism, by its organisational structure and by differences within its leadership elite so that competing operational objectives could not be reconciled when the formation entered government.

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Terner, Olof, and Hedbjörk Villhelm Urpi. "Quantum Computational Speedup For The Minesweeper Problem." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325945.

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Quantum computing is a young but intriguing field of science. It combines quantum mechanics with information theory and computer science to potentially solve certain formerly computationally expensive tasks more efficiently. Classical computers are based on bits that can take on the value zero or one. The values are distinguished by voltage differences in transistors. Quantum computers are instead based on quantum bits, or qubits, that are represented physically by something that exhibits quantum properties, like for example electrons. Qubits also take on the value zero or one, which could correspond to spin up and spin down of an electron. However, qubits can also be in a superposition state between the quantum states corresponding to the value zero and one. This property is what causes quantum computers to be able to outperform classical computers at certain tasks. One of these tasks is searching through an unstructured database. Whereas a classical computer in the worst case has to search through the whole database in order to find the sought element, i.e. the computation time is proportional to the size of the problem, it can be shown that a quantum computer can find the solution in a time proportional to the square root of the size of the problem. This report aims to illustrate the advantages of quantum computing by explicitly solving the classical Windows game Minesweeper, which can be reduced to a problem resembling the unstructured database search problem. It is shown that solving Minesweeper with a quantum algorithm gives a quadratic speedup compared to solving it with a classical algorithm. The report also covers introductory material to quantum mechanics, quantum gates, the particular quantum algorithm Grover's algorithm and complexity classes, which is necessary to grasp in order to understand how Minesweeper can be solved on a quantum computer.

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Nadrowski, Karin, Daniel Seifarth, Sophia Ratcliffe, Christian Wirth, and Lutz Maicher. "Identifiers in e-Science platforms for the ecological sciences." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-101319.

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In the emerging Web of Data, publishing stable and unique identifiers promises great potential in using the web as common platform to discover and enrich data in the ecologic sciences. With our collaborative e-Science platform “BEFdata”, we generated and published unique identifiers for the data repository of the Biodiversity – Ecosystem Functioning Research Unit of the German Research Foundation (BEF-China; DFG: FOR 891). We linked part of the identifiers to two external data providers, thus creating a virtual common platform including several ecological repositories. We used the Global Biodiversity Facility (GBIF) as well the International Plant Name Index (IPNI) to enrich the data from our own field observations. We conclude in discussing other potential providers for identifiers for the ecological research domain. We demonstrate the ease of making use of existing decentralized and unsupervised identifiers for a data repository, which opens new avenues to collaborative data discovery for learning, teaching, and research in ecology.

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Sjöström, Tomas. "Discrete time variational mechanics of multidomain systems : Applications to coupled electronic, hydraulic, and multibody systems." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61701.

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Today there exist few non-smooth multi-domain simulation tools using time-discretized Lagrangian mechanics for circuits.The main goal is to show that itis possible to use a semi-implicit, parameter free non-smooth variational timestepper to simulate the circuits with time-steps proportional to the system timescales.This is demonstrated by implementing and performing extensive numericaltests for various types of electrical, mechanical and hydraulic components anddemonstrate that the components are stable, with the correct behavior whenthe system is solved using a modified block pivot solver.Simulation results shows that piecewise linear models are enough for thesimple switching circuits in this thesis.
Idag finns det få simulatorer för icke-släta multidomän kretsar som bygger på tidsdiskretisering av Lagranges ekvationer. Huvudmålet är att visa att det är möjligt att använda en semi-implicit, parameter fri icke-slät diskret lösare för att simulera kretsar med tidssteg proportionella mot systemens tidsskalor. Detta visas genom att implementera olika typer av elektriska, mekaniska och hydrauliska komponenter samt att visa att komponenterna är stabila och har rätt beteende när systemet simuleras av en modifierad block pivot lösare. Simulerings resultaten visar att icke-släta Newton metoder med styckvis-linjära komponenter och komplementära villkor är tillräkligt för att simulera brytande komponponenter i de simulerande kretsarna.

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Lewis, Elizabeth Faith. "Peter Guthrie Tait : new insights into aspects of his life and work : and associated topics in the history of mathematics." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6330.

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In this thesis I present new insights into aspects of Peter Guthrie Tait's life and work, derived principally from largely-unexplored primary source material: Tait's scrapbook, the Tait–Maxwell school-book and Tait's pocket notebook. By way of associated historical insights, I also come to discuss the innovative and far-reaching mathematics of the elusive Frenchman, C.-V. Mourey. P. G. Tait (1831–1901) F.R.S.E., Professor of Mathematics at the Queen's College, Belfast (1854–1860) and of Natural Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh (1860–1901), was one of the leading physicists and mathematicians in Europe in the nineteenth century. His expertise encompassed the breadth of physical science and mathematics. However, since the nineteenth century he has been unfortunately overlooked—overshadowed, perhaps, by the brilliance of his personal friends, James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879), Sir William Rowan Hamilton (1805–1865) and William Thomson (1824–1907), later Lord Kelvin. Here I present the results of extensive research into the Tait family history. I explore the spiritual aspect of Tait's life in connection with The Unseen Universe (1875) which Tait co-authored with Balfour Stewart (1828–1887). I also reveal Tait's surprising involvement in statistics and give an account of his introduction to complex numbers, as a schoolboy at the Edinburgh Academy. A highlight of the thesis is a re-evaluation of C.-V. Mourey's 1828 work, La Vraie Théorie des quantités négatives et des quantités prétendues imaginaires, which I consider from the perspective of algebraic reform. The thesis also contains: (i) a transcription of an unpublished paper by Hamilton on the fundamental theorem of algebra which was inspired by Mourey and (ii) new biographical information on Mourey.

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Salem, Sonia. "Perfil, evolução e perspectivas da pesquisa em ensino de física no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/81/81131/tde-13082012-110821/.

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Ao longo de quase quatro décadas, a área de Ensino de Física no Brasil vem se expandindo e ganhando uma identidade própria, quer como campo de pesquisa, quer como espaço de propostas, intervenções e projetos pautados e planejados segundo o conhecimento produzido na área. Acompanhar a evolução dessa trajetória é fundamental para uma demarcação da área e, sobretudo, para construir uma consciência coletiva da comunidade de pesquisa, ampliar a discussão sobre seus problemas e possíveis rumos. Nessa perspectiva, investigamos a dinâmica de evolução da área de Pesquisa em Ensino de Física no Brasil, desde suas origens até o momento atual, analisando seu desenvolvimento, focos de interesse, tendências e perspectivas. Para isso, tomamos como universo de investigação as dissertações e teses produzidas na área de Ensino de Física ao longo de sua trajetória, desde sua institucionalização, no início dos anos setenta, até o final da primeira década de 2000. Com base nos resultados da pesquisa, discutimos marcos e marcas significativas que dão identidade a essa área, sinalizando tendências e desafios atuais.
In the course of the last four decades, Physics Education in Brazil has been intensively developed acquiring a proper and autonomous identity as a field, due both to researches and to a multiple set of activities, propositions and projects based in its investigations results. It seems important to follow the development and evolution of this field in order to allow teachers to be conscious of its meaning, creating collective perceptions, delimiting possible frontiers and contributing to discuss its future perspectives. With this purpose, we investigated the dynamic of the evolution of the Physics Teaching Research in Brazil, from its beginnings to present time. We analyzed a sample of Physics Teaching dissertations and theses produced along the years, in all research centers in Brazil, identifying focus of interests, approaches, arguments and major currents of the production. Our results allow a panoramic overview of its evolution, distinguishing different stages and tendencies and providing significant feedback to identify and face actual and future challenges.

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Coelho, Maria Emília Mão de Ferro dos Santos Alves. "A problemática da água no âmbito da educação ambiental, no ensino das ciências físico-químicas no 3º ciclo do ensino básico." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/14842.

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A investigação debruçou-se sobre a forma como um conjunto de professores de Ciências Físico-Químicas, a leccionar em escolas do distrito de Évora, aborda a temática da água, no 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, em que a recolha de dados foi feita através da realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e a informação recolhida foi tratada tendo por base procedimentos associados à análise de conteúdos. Inicialmente foi feita uma revisão da bibliografia, acerca da água enquanto substância essencial à vida, bem como dos documentos orientadores da disciplina de Ciências Físico-Químicas no 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que, apesar de os professores manifestarem preocupação com os problemas associados à água, o tratamento da temática é feito de forma pouco sistemática nas aulas, não havendo uma planificação efectiva e integrada da sua abordagem em termos ambientais; ABSTRACT:Our research has focused on how a group of Physics and Chemistry teachers, teaching in schools in the district of Évora, approaches the water topic in the 3rd cycle of basic education. This is a qualitative study in which the data collection was accomplished by conducting semi-structured interviews and the information gathered was treated on the basis of procedures related to content analysis. We began by reviewing both literature about water as an essential substance to life and the guiding documents of the Physics and Chemistry school subject in the 3rd cycle of basic education. The results suggest that even though teachers do express their concern about the problems related to water, the treatment of this topic is rather unsystematically handled in the classroom, and there was neither effective nor integrated planning in terms of its environmental approach.

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Rantamäki, Anja. "Hur får vi energi? : En kvalitativ semistruktuerad intervjustudie om barns uppfattningar kring kroppens energiprocesser." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-66305.

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Denna studie har som syfte att studera vilka tankar förskolebarn i åldern mellan 5-6 år har om energiprocesser kopplat till människokroppen. Metoden var en kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervjustudie som genomfördes på en förskola samt i en förskoleklass. Teoretiska utgångspunkten var social konstruktivism. Intervjuerna kompletterades med en docka som blev ett kommunikativt redskap. Resultatet av studien visar att de flesta barn relatera mat som en viktig energikälla. Barnens tankar om vart de får sin energi ifrån ligger i vardagsspråket, där barnen använder energi begreppet som att känner sig utvilad och har ork för att kunna leka. Den skiljer sig till den naturvetenskapliga betydelsen av energi där vi får vår energi genom cellandningen. Barns tankar om hur de får sin energi skiljer sig och sammanfattas i fem olika kategorier. Kategorierna är: genom mat, genom rörelse, genom vila, genom vätska och genom syre.
The purpose of this study is to investigate how preschool children between the age of 5 and 6 years reflect about energy processes connected to the body. The study was conducted with semi structured interviews with a preschool class and a preschool. The theoretical framework for the study is social constructivism. The study was conducted with communicative tools (a doll). The result of the study is most children relate food as an important source of energy. Children ́s perceptions about where they got the energy from, lies in the form of informal language, where they use the word energy when they feel alert and have strength to play. It differs from the science ́s descriptions of energy, that we obtain energy through cellular respiration. Children ́s perceptions about where they got the energy from are divided into five categories. The categories are: through food, through motion, through rest, through fluid and through oxygen.

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Miller, Ronald Lindsay. "Topics in shear instability." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54962.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1990.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Ronald Lindsay Miller.
Viscous destabilization of stratified shear flow -- Organization of rainfall by an unstable jet aloft.
Ph.D.

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De, Villiers Francois. "Constructing topic-based Twitter lists." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80054.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The amount of information that users of social networks consume on a daily basis is steadily increasing. The resulting information overload is usually associated with a loss of control over the management of information sources, leaving users feeling overwhelmed. To address this problem, social networks have introduced tools with which users can organise the people in their networks. However, these tools do not integrate any automated processing. Twitter has lists that can be used to organise people in the network into topic-based groups. This feature is a powerful organisation tool that has two main obstacles to widespread user adoption: the initial setup time and continual curation. In this thesis, we investigate the problem of constructing topic-based Twitter lists. We identify two subproblems, an unsupervised and supervised task, that need to be considered when tackling this problem. These subproblems correspond to a clustering and classification approach that we evaluate on Twitter data sets. The clustering approach is evaluated using multiple representation techniques, similarity measures and clustering algorithms. We show that it is possible to incorporate a Twitter user’s social graph data into the clustering approach to find topic-based clusters. The classification approach is implemented, from a statistical relational learning perspective, with kLog. We show that kLog can use a user’s tweet content and social graph data to perform accurate topic-based classification. We conclude that it is feasible to construct useful topic-based Twitter lists with either approach.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die stroom van inligting wat sosiale-netwerk gebruikers op ’n daaglikse basis verwerk, is aan die groei. Vir baie gebruikers, skep hierdie oordosis inligting ’n gevoel dat hulle beheer oor hul inligtingsbronne verloor. As ’n oplossing, het sosiale-netwerke meganismes geïmplementeer waarmee gebruikers die inligting in hul netwerk kan bestuur. Hierdie meganismes is nie selfwerkend nie, maar kort toevoer van die gebruiker. Twitter het lyste geïmplementeer waarmee gebruikers ander mense in hul sosiale-netwerk kan groepeer. Lyste is ’n kragtige organiserings meganisme, maar tog vind grootskaal gebruik daarvan nie plaas nie. Gebruikers voel dat die opstelling te veel tyd in beslag neem en die onderhoud daarvan te veel moeite is. Hierdie tesis ondersoek die probleem om onderwerp-gerigte Twitter lyste te skep. Ons identisifeer twee subprobleme wat aangepak word deur ’n nie-toesig en ’n toesighoudende metode. Hierdie twee metodes hou verband met trosvorming en klassifikasie onderskeidelik. Ons evalueer beide die trosvorming en klassifikasie op twee Twitter datastelle. Die trosvorming metode word geëvalueer deur te kyk na verskillende voorstellingstegnieke, eendersheid maatstawwe en trosvorming algoritmes. Ons wys dat dit moontlik is om ’n gebruiker se Twitter netwerkdata in te sluit om onderwerp-gerigte groeperinge te vind. Die klassifikasie benadering word geïmplementeer met kLog, vanuit ’n statistiese relasionele leertoerie perspektief. Ons wys dat akkurate onderwerp-gerigte klassifikasie resultate verkry kan word met behulp van gebruikers se tweet-inhoud en sosiale-netwerk data. In beide gevalle wys ons dat dit moontlik is om onderwerp-gerigte Twitter lyste, met goeie resultate, te bou.

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Wedenberg, Kim, and Alexander Sjöberg. "Online inference of topics : Implementation of the topic model Latent Dirichlet Allocation using an online variational bayes inference algorithm to sort news articles." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-222429.

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The client of the project has problems with complex queries and noisewhen querying their stream of ﬁve million news articles per day. Thisresults in much manual work when sorting and pruning the search result of their query. Instead of using direct text matching, the approachof the project was to use a topic model to describe articles in terms oftopics covered and to use this new information to sort the articles. An online version of the topic model Latent Dirichlet Allocationwas implemented using online variational Bayes inference to handlestreamed data. Using 100 dimensions, topics such as sports and politics emerged during training on a 1.7 million articles big simulatedstream. These topics were used to sort articles based on context. Theimplementation was found accurate enough to be useful for the client aswell as fast and stable enough to be a feasible solution to the problem.

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Lundström, Robin. "Machine Learning for Air Flow Characterization : An application of Theory-Guided Data Science for Air Fow characterization in an Industrial Foundry." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72782.

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In industrial environments, operators are exposed to polluted air which after constant exposure can cause irreversible lethal diseases such as lung cancer. The current air monitoring techniques are carried out sparely in either a single day annually or at few measurement positions for a few days.In this thesis a theory-guided data science (TGDS) model is presented. This hybrid model combines a steady state Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model with a machine learning model. Both the CFD model and the machine learning algorithm was developed in Matlab. The CFD model serves as a basis for the airflow whereas the machine learning model addresses dynamical features in the foundry. Measurements have previously been made at a foundry where five stationary sensors and one mobile robot were used for data acquisition. An Echo State Network was used as a supervised learning technique for airflow predictions at each robot measurement position and Gaussian Processes (GP) were used as a regression technique to form an Echo State Map (ESM). The stationary sensor data were used as input for the echo state network and the difference between the CFD and robot measurements were used as teacher signal which formed a dynamic correction map that was added to the steady state CFD. The proposed model utilizes the high spatio-temporal resolution of the echo state map whilst making use of the physical consistency of the CFD. The initial applications of the novel hybrid model proves that the best qualities of these two models could come together in symbiosis to give enhanced characterizations.The proposed model could have an important role for future characterization of airflow and more research on this and similar topics are encouraged to make sure we properly understand the potential of this novel model.
Industriarbetare utsätts för skadliga luftburna ämnen vilket över tid leder till högre prevalens för lungsjukdomar så som kronisk obstruktiv lungsjukdom, stendammslunga och lungcancer. De nuvarande luftmätningsmetoderna genomförs årligen under korta sessioner och ofta vid få selekterade platser i industrilokalen. I denna masteruppsats presenteras en teorivägledd datavetenskapsmodell (TGDS) som kombinerar en stationär beräkningsströmningsdynamik (CFD) modell med en dynamisk maskininlärningsmodell. Både CFD-modellen och maskininlärningsalgoritmen utvecklades i Matlab. Echo State Network (ESN) användes för att träna maskininlärningsmodellen och Gaussiska Processer (GP) används som regressionsteknik för att kartlägga luftflödet över hela industrilokalen. Att kombinera ESN med GP för att uppskatta luftflöden i stålverk genomfördes första gången 2016 och denna modell benämns Echo State Map (ESM). Nätverket använder data från fem stationära sensorer och tränades på differensen mellan CFD-modellen och mätningar genomfördes med en mobil robot på olika platser i industriområdet. Maskininlärningsmodellen modellerar således de dynamiska effekterna i industrilokalen som den stationära CFD-modellen inte tar hänsyn till. Den presenterade modellen uppvisar lika hög temporal och rumslig upplösning som echo state map medan den också återger fysikalisk konsistens som CFD-modellen. De initiala applikationerna för denna model påvisar att de främsta egenskaperna hos echo state map och CFD används i symbios för att ge förbättrad karakteriseringsförmåga. Den presenterade modellen kan spela en viktig roll för framtida karakterisering av luftflöden i industrilokaler och fler studier är nödvändiga innan full förståelse av denna model uppnås.

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Wilhelm-Weidner, Arno [Verfasser], Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Nestmann, Uwe [Gutachter] Nestmann, Ulrik [Gutachter] Schroeder, Nadine [Gutachter] Bergner, and Niels [Gutachter] Pinkwart. "Conception and evaluation of e-learning units regarding motivation and acquired competencies for theoretical computer science at university level : studies on the topics of automata theory, bisimulation and fixed point theory / Arno Wilhelm-Weidner ; Gutachter: Uwe Nestmann, Ulrik Schroeder, Nadine Bergner, Niels Pinkwart ; Betreuer: Uwe Nestmann." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1208764438/34.

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47

Sini, Stefania. "Figure vichiane : retorica e topica della "Scienza Nuova" /." Milano : LED, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40034570m.

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48

Ming, Joy Carol. "#Autism Versus 299.0: Topic Model Exploration of Multimodal Autism Data." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14398542.

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Though prevalence and awareness for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has steadily increased, a true understanding is hard to reach because of the behavior-based nature of the diagnosis and the heterogeneity of its manifestations. Parents and caregivers often informally discuss symptoms and behaviors they observe from their children with autism through online medical forums, contrasting the more traditional and structured text of electronic medical records collected by doctors. We modify an anchor word driven topic model algorithm originally proposed by Arora et al. (2012a) to elicit and compare the medical concept topics, or “themes” from both modes of data: the novel data set of posts from autism-specific online medical forums and electronic medical records. We present methods to extract relevant medical concepts from colloquially written forum posts through the use of choice sections of the consumer health vocabulary and other filtering techniques. In order to account for the sparsity of concept data, we propose and evaluate a more robust approach to selecting anchor words that takes into account variance and inclusivity. This approach that combines concept and anchor words selection seeds the discussion about how unstructured text can influence and expand understanding of the enigmatic disorder, autism, and how these methods can be applied to similar sources of texts to solve other problems.

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Zhang, Hongyi Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Topics in non-convex optimization and learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121830.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 165-186).
Non-convex optimization and learning play an important role in data science and machine learning, yet so far they still elude our understanding in many aspects. In this thesis, I study two important aspects of non-convex optimization and learning: Riemannian optimization and deep neural networks. In the first part, I develop iteration complexity analysis for Riemannian optimization, i.e., optimization problems defined on Riemannian manifolds. Through bounding the distortion introduced by the metric curvature, iteration complexity of Riemannian (stochastic) gradient descent methods is derived. I also show that some fast first-order methods in Euclidean space, such as Nesterov's accelerated gradient descent (AGD) and stochastic variance reduced gradient (SVRG), have Riemannian counterparts that are also fast under certain conditions. In the second part, I challenge two common practices in deep learning, namely empirical risk minimization (ERM) and normalization. Specifically, I show (1) training on convex combinations of samples improves model robustness and generalization, and (2) a good initialization is sufficient for training deep residual networks without normalization. The method in (1), called mixup, is motivated by a data-dependent Lipschitzness regularization of the network. The method in (2), called Zerolnit, makes the network update scale invariant to its depth at initialization.
by Hongyi Zhang.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences

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50

Liu, Weihua. "Topics on Register Synthesis Problems." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cs_etds/45.

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Pseudo-random sequences are ubiquitous in modern electronics and information technology. High speed generators of such sequences play essential roles in various engineering applications, such as stream ciphers, radar systems, multiple access systems, and quasi-Monte-Carlo simulation. Given a short prefix of a sequence, it is undesirable to have an efficient algorithm that can synthesize a generator which can predict the whole sequence. Otherwise, a cryptanalytic attack can be launched against the system based on that given sequence. Linear feedback shift registers (LFSRs) are the most widely studied pseudorandom sequence generators. The LFSR synthesis problem can be solved by the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, by constructing a system of linear equations, by the extended Euclidean algorithm, or by the continued fraction algorithm. It is shown that the linear complexity is an important security measure for pseudorandom sequences design. So we investigate lower bounds of the linear complexity of different kinds of pseudorandom sequences. Feedback with carry shift registers (FCSRs) were first described by Goresky and Klapper. They have many good algebraic properties similar to those of LFSRs. FCSRs are good candidates as building blocks of stream ciphers. The FCSR synthesis problem has been studied in many literatures but there are no FCSR synthesis algorithms for multi-sequences. Thus one of the main contributions of this dissertation is to adapt an interleaving technique to develop two algorithms to solve the FCSR synthesis problem for multi-sequences. Algebraic feedback shift registers (AFSRs) are generalizations of LFSRs and FCSRs. Based on a choice of an integral domain R and π ∈ R, an AFSR can produce sequences whose elements can be thought of elements of the quotient ring R/(π). A modification of the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, Xu's algorithm solves the synthesis problem for AFSRs over a pair (R, π) with certain algebraic properties. We propose two register synthesis algorithms for AFSR synthesis problem. One is an extension of lattice approximation approach but based on lattice basis reduction and the other one is based on the extended Euclidean algorithm.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Science topics'

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