Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sciences – Étude et enseignement (secondaire) – Japon'
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Seki, Yuriko. "Comparative study between France and Japan on the causes of the diminishing interest in science : Propositions for a renovation of science education at junior high school in Japan." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR1PS01.
Full textThe goal of the education is to help people build their personality, and it is the role of the school training to help them acquire the necessary liberal arts as well as the power of having a better judgement to a better living. Liberal arts has a universal and a contingent aspect. Until the 20th century the liberal arts essentially contains the Humanities and the Arts, but later the knowledge of scientific subjects acquires a very important meaning. The liberal arts does not only imply the knowledge of the classical texts. The philosopher Jose Ortega y Gasset, of Spanish origin, described the liberal arts " Mission of the University " in 1930: “the liberal arts is a system of various ideas which is possessed by each era. More precisely, it is a system of various ideas which characterize a done era “. What is the system of the various ideas of our time? We would say that it is Science. The main characteristic of the modern liberal arts is that a big part of it's contain provides from the scientific field. However, in the beginning of the 90's, the diminishing interest in science became a confirmed phenomenon not only in Japan, but also in France and in other countries of the world. Japan, a country of small surface, and poor in natural resources was able to have an unprecedented economic growth after the Second World War thanks to the technical renovation based on science. The modern economical society has been pushed up by science and technology in the broad sense of the term. For a long time, we consider that the society of the 21st century is based on knowledge and, if we think about the future of the countries, the diminishing interest of young people in science is an alarming situation. How can we understand this phenomenon?In reality, it is not the first time that the separation between the literary and the scientific knowledge is observed. Charles Percy Snow, who was the councillor of the science of the British government, has already rung the warning bell in his work " The two cultures " in 1959: " The complete misunderstanding of the science is the centre which influences everything ". Indeed, because a literary intellectual understands nothing in science, he becomes more and more anti-scientific. On the other hand, among the scientists, the misunderstanding becomes more marked between the literary scientists and the scientists of applied sciences. Progress and development of sciences and technology led to the specialization and the scission of the studies. During the 20th century, cases of mutual misunderstanding got enchained. This behaviour " of not trying to mutually understand each other " could be fundamentally linked to the nowadays diminishing interest in science. This observation of Snow noticed in the breast of the scientific community goes on to the whole society as one goes along of the years, and becomes apparent in the nineties. The behaviour of the society " of the adults " influences the sense of the values of the children [. . . ]
Lange, Jean-Marc. "Mathématisation de la biologie, discipline de recherche et discipline enseignée : état des lieux et enjeux didactiques." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DENS0038.
Full textTangour, Mondher. "Analyse des acquisitions des élèves en mathématiques et en sciences en première année du collège." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL011.
Full textThe thesis analyses pupils achievement in mathematics and sciences at the first grade of the secondary level in Tunisia. It is based on classical schooling production function. Data concerning pupils, teachers and schools have been collected during the 1994-1995 school year. Two standardised tests have been used to assess pupils achievement in mathematics and sciences at the beginning ant at the end of the school year. The first section concerns individual factors affecting pupils achievement. A second section is devoted to the schooling factors. The impact of the schooling factors is analysed both at the individual level and at the class level. A third section analyses teachers attitudes and pedagogical activities and the contribution of these elements to the teachers pedagogical effectiveness
Hamrouche, Brahim. "Étude critique du rôle du manuel de sciences naturelles dans l'enseignement secondaire." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA077064.
Full textRobardet, Guy. "Didactique des sciences physiques et formation des maîtres : contribution à l'analyse d'un objet naissant." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10239.
Full textGobert, Julie. "Processus d’enseignement-apprentissage de raisonnements néodarwiniens en classe de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1009.
Full textOur study concerns the understanding of the process of teaching - learning of probability Darwinian reasoning, in the construction of the concept of selection in fourth year of high school. An articulation of the problem building theory and the historic and cultural theory brought to us to make the hypothesis which the understanding of the evolution of the interpretative context, built in the interaction, could allow to understand better the processes of teachings-learnings. The model of socio-historic context of the concept of selection, proposed in the stemming from the epistemological study, constitutes a set of standards which govern the functioning of the scientific communities of paradigm neodarwinian, which incorporate into their manners to act - of speaking of thinking of the epistemological characteristics of the scientific knowledges. The structuring Mendelian principle organizes the domain of scientific knowledge connected to the questions of genetics and evolution. The led epistemological-linguistic analyses allowed to show narrow relations enter construction of the interpretative dynamic context of problem building and language activities. The study highlights certain conditions of the efficiency of a situation-problem
Tran, Khanh-Thanh. "L'influence de l'éducation confluente aux valeurs dans le contexte de l'enseignement des sciences au secondaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37376.
Full textQuébec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2019
Peterfalvi, Brigitte. "Obstacles et situations didactiques en sciences : processus intellectuels et confrontations : L'exemple des transformations de la matière." Rouen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ROUEL399.
Full textCharlet-Brehelin, Danie. "Contribution à l'enseignement-apprentissage du concept d'atome au collège." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20212.
Full textLabossiere, Diane. "Les filles et les matières scientifiques au niveau secondaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29123.
Full textNtagara, Venant. "Savoirs scolaires scientifiques et raisonnement chez les élèves rwandais de l'enseignement secondaire : approche sociocognitive et langagière." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083210.
Full textThis thesis is born on the impulsion of a statement: in Rwanda, the students suffer from heavily setback and missive failures in the scientific ground. Rwanda is a country where modern school came in and brought in writing, a century ago, in linking with the catholic missionaries settlement. This thesis brings to the fore the difficulties which a young one, studying scientific knowledge’s, has to cope with; all the more this student belongs to the oral tradition culture with slight literacy production. On account of the researches done by CIRCEFT-ESCOL team, the thesis is showing both the reasoning and the references ground which a Rwanda student of secondary school backs up to explain a scientific phenomenon, with the actual capacities to put something down in writing. This thesis puts on displays the possible linking between the cultural oral character and the fact to be able to compile writing about the scientific knowledge's of a student. It also displays the possible relation between the traditional cosmological cultural world in Rwanda, and the scientific data (that are) taught in school. Considering this double relation, the thesis puts aside either determinist or defective conclusions ; it offers Rwanda an educational didacticism of sciences, which takes into account the traditional culture of the students. This educational system put the practical exercise of writing in the very centre of the learning of sciences. This method will allow the Rwanda students to mater and control the scientific knowledge’s, to practise reasoning, critical mind and reflexive memory. Moreover, this pedagogical method will favour the way from traditional understandings to scientific knowledge’s
Lhoste, Yann. "Problématisation, activités langagières et apprentissages dans les sciences de la vie : étude de débats scientifiques dans la classe dans deux domaines biologiques : nutrition et évolution." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT3023.
Full textMariotti, Françoise. "Etudes expérimentales des représentations sociales de la science et des métiers scientifiques selon le sexe au collège et au lycée." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081804.
Full textDespite numerous government incentives, girls do not specialize in science subjects as much as boys. As access to scientific knowledge has historically been differentiated according to sex, we put forward the hypothesis that girls do not have the same sociol representations of science and scientific professions as boys. We compared these representations for the two sexes in three age groops of secondary school pupils : first ant third year pupils in college and final year pupils in lycée specializing either in science or arts subjects. Our theoretical frame of reference is that of social representations, studied from a structural perspective wich distinguishes central and peripheral elements. The methods used (word associations and the model of Basic Cognitive Schemes) aim to identify this double system of elements. The results. .
Gagné, Julie-Christine. "Lecture de l'Odyssée d'Homère en classe de français, au secondaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26095/26095.pdf.
Full textSoudani, Mohamed. "Conceptions et obstacles dans l'enseignement-apprentissage de l'oxydoréduction : contribution à une épistémologie appliquée à la construction curriculaire." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20097.
Full textHosson, Cécile de. "Contribution à l'analyse des interactions entre histoire et didactique des sciences : élaboration d'un support d'enseignement du mécanisme optique de la vision pour l'école primaire et le collège et premiers éléments d'évaluation." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070087.
Full textThis research paper aims at setting the ground for a larger research, which consists in highlighting the possible link between the acknowledgement of a didactic contract and scholastic achievement. In that respect, we first refer to some of the effects of the didactic contract that have already been brought forward in the past. Secondly, we apply the contract to the specific field of the teaching of physics, bringing to the fore its omniprésence through a number of concrète examples. We do admit that thé existence of a link between thé acknowledgement of a didactic contract and scholastic achievement has already been suggested. Thirdly, thanks to interviews and questionnaires, we show that the usual didactic contract is rather well known among the majority of students. Therefore, we finally propose a grid to have a feedback on work instructions from the students themselves, especially regarding the degree of autonomy allowed to them. With that grid, we analyse the official syllabus as well as the tests given to French high-school students for their graduation. As a result, though certain findings were somehow predictable, others were quite unexpected, as for instance the relative lack of instructions regarding general knowledge or conclusions to be drawn at the end of a problem study. The end of our research demonstrates that thé user-friendly grid that was elaborated has proven a useful tool to anticipate thé modifications that may be required in thé making of tests to comply with their objectives
Boublil, Shachar, and Shachar Boublil. "L'enseignement de la gravité einsteinienne : étude et réflexions." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37667.
Full textDepuis quelques années, le projet d’intégrer la physique einsteinienne dans le cursus scolaire soulève de l’intérêt grandissant dans la communauté des chercheurs en éducation en physique. D’après plusieurs chercheurs, pour mieux comprendre les sciences et les technologies d’aujourd’hui, les élèves ont besoin de connaissances de la physique moderne (Henriksen et al., 2014; Kaur, Blair, Moschilla, Stannard et Zadnik, 2017a). Pour Kaur et al. (2017), la visée éducative principale de l’enseignement des sciences est de faire apprendre aux élèves notre meilleure compréhension de l'univers afin de former les citoyens de demain (Kaur, Blair, Burman, et al., 2017). Puisque le concept de la gravité einsteinienne est absent du curriculum scolaire québécois, cette recherche vise à établir un portrait des recherches menées depuis les dernières années au sujet de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage de la physique einsteinienne aux niveaux primaire et secondaire. Afin de répondre à cet objectif, la recherche utilise une approche provenant de la méthodologie de l’ingénierie didactique (Artigue, 1988a). Cette méthode a permis d’établir une liste des éléments à étudier. À partir de la recension des écrits et des arguments mobilisés par les tenants de l’enseignement de la physique einsteinienne, la recherche met en exergue les principaux enjeux de l’enseignement de la gravité einsteinienne et tente de comprendre et d’expliquer les avantages de son enseignement à l’école primaire et secondaire, exprimés par des chercheurs dans ce domaine. Les résultats de cette étude permettent d’avoir une image sur la situation actuelle de l’enseignement de la gravité einsteinienne. Ils sont regroupés et présentés selon trois thèmes: étude épistémologique du concept et de l’histoire de son développement; implications du concept de la gravité einsteinienne sur le développement des technologies et de la physique moderne, sur la compréhension de l’univers et sur le développement de la pensée scientifique; résultats de l’étude des recherches menées sur l’enseignement du concept de la gravité. Ce mémoire me permet de préparer une base théorique pour réaliser, dans mon projet doctoral, les trois autres étapes proposées par la méthodologie d’ingénierie didactique, soit l’élaboration, la réalisation et l’évaluation d’un dispositif d’enseignement du concept de gravité einsteinienne au 2e cycle du secondaire. Mots clés : physique einsteinienne, enseignement de la gravité einsteinienne, approches et méthodes d’enseignement de la physique, développement de la pensée scientifique
Lessard, Normand. "Une étude ethnographique d'un laboratoire de chimie en contexte scolaire : activités expérimentales ou rituelles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29399.
Full textFrechengues, Pierre. "Transposition didactique et compléxification conceptuelle : contribution à l'étude du cas de l'électron." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20057.
Full textBenrherbal, Abderrahmane. "Comment les situations faisant intervenir les fractions et les proportions en mathématique et en sciences pourront-elles influencer l’apprentissage et l’enseignement de ces disciplines?" Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69908.
Full textThis research focuses on the field of didactics of mathematics. It has two main objectives: the first is to understand how the use of the concepts of fraction and proportion in intra and interdisciplinary contexts can affect the learning and teaching of mathematics, science and technology as well as physics and chemistry. The second is to grasp whether the learning of geometry, probability, energy efficiency, concentration, stoichiometry , optical reflection, and uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion transforms the fraction and the proportion of the object to the tool (Douady, 1986). In order to achieve these goals, this research consists in identifying the nature of teacher-student interactions around the concepts of fraction and proportion taken in different contexts. The concepts of the fraction and the proportion play a crucial role in the training program of the Quebec school (MELS, 2001). They illustrate the intra and interdisciplinary character of their usages in mathematics and other disciplines. This diversity of use in view of intradisciplinary links (probability, statistics, homothetic, etc.) and interdisciplinary links (in science and technology, chemistry, biology, economics, etc.) makes their constructions fundamental. The conceptualization of fraction and proportion is based on various significances of the fraction (part of a whole, measure, ratio, quotient and operator) and on its assimilation (Proulx & Bednarz, 2009). However, developing the meaning of these two concepts represents a major challenge for students. This learning complexity is shared by researchers in didactics of mathematics (Brousseau, 1998; Kieren, 1988; G. Vergnaud, 1983, 1990) and by several teachers . This research studies the use of the status of fraction / proportion as per the dialectic tool / object (Douady, 1986) in intra and interdisciplinary contexts. Based on a qualitative / interpretative research, our analysis focuses mainly on the interactions between the teacher and the students as well as their productions. Our results on the nature of interactions between the teacher and the students and the task brought to light the didactic incidents (Roditi, 2005), the identification of breaks in the didactical contract (Brousseau, 1998) and the support given to students according to the types of proximities (Bridoux & al., 2015). Firstly, the analysis of interactions related to learning allowed us to identify the possible origin of the students’ errors and their characteristics which are grouped into three parts. The first part is linked to the data of the task statement when moving from a register of semiotic representation to another (Duval, 1993). When interpreting the data, the errors noted appear to be related to superfluous data and to certain terms used in the instructions. The second part is related to conceptual errors and generally affects proportional reasoning. When interpreting the ratio fraction, especially in the contexts of trigonometry and energy efficiency, the fraction is considered a quantity without establishing a relation between the numerator and the denominator. The third procedural aspect is related to the application of the cross-product procedure and the rules related to the various operations on fractions. In addition, this analysis allowed us to qualify the students' understanding of procedural according to the conceptual analysis of Bergeron and Herscovics (1989). In the mathematics class, the understanding of probability is interpreted according to the conceptual analysis performed by Savard (2008) and the understanding of trigonometry is examined according to the conceptual analysis performed by Sonja De kee, Dionne and Mura (1996). Secondly, the analysis of interactions linked to teaching allowed us to classify the types of help that teachers provide to students. We have categorized them according to three types of proximities (Bridoux et al., 2015): ascending proximities, descending proximities and horizontal proximities. We noted a predominance of the use of horizontal proximities among the four teachers. These horizontal proximities are very local in nature and their cognitive reach is limited (Bridoux et al., 2015, p. 22), thus contributing to the maintenance of the didactic contract. The effects of the didactic contract such as the Topaz effect, the effect of misunderstood expectation and the actor's paradox also influenced learning by maintaining the didactic contract. We have noted a frequent use of the Topaz effect, which in addition to maintaining the didactic contract, reduces the responsibility of the students and creates, in the student, expectations of solution from the teacher. Thus, this mode of intervention presents the cross-product procedure as the solution to the proposed tasks. The teacher/student’s relationship with knowledge also seems to influence learning and teaching in each discipline of our experimentation. The teaching seems to focus more on formal procedures than on understanding the underlying reasoning behind the concepts of fraction and proportion. Thus, students' understanding, and reasoning are abandoned in favor of procedures with rapid application. This relation to knowledge with regard to the concepts of fraction and proportion seems to be characterized by a desire to optimize the time devoted to their subject. This social dimension, although it responds to didactic time (Mercier, 1985, 1992), does not seem to contribute to the construction of the meaning of the concepts of fraction and proportion. By not being invited to use these concepts and develop their meaning, students could develop an instrumental relationship to knowledge. Finally, thanks to our results of student productions and verbatim, we were able to highlight the nature of the use of the fraction / proportion according to the dialectic as a tool or object (Douady, 1986). Analysis of the interventions of the four teachers, which are characterized by a predominance of horizontal proximities shows that these did not favor the transition from the fraction / the object proportion to the fraction / the tool proportion. This analysis revealed to us that the interpretations of the concepts of fraction, percentage, part-whole proportion and independent quantity proportion are still under construction and they are located at the "research" phase according to the operating cycle of the DOO. This analysis highlights many errors and confirms that the students' knowledge mainly relates to the procedures for carrying out the tasks. These errors show that their reasoning is based on the use of these concepts as "tools in development" in the resolution of tasks. Thus, these “tools in development” are more particularly observable in the “old” and “research” phases according to the operating cycle of the DOO. The notion of fraction and proportion play a significant role in learning and teaching in intra and interdisciplinary contexts and constitute a major challenge for students. This is how this study made explicit the fact that students use the concepts of fraction and proportion as a “tool in development” (Douady, 1986) when learning geometry, probability and energy efficiency, concentration, stoichiometry, optical reflection and uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion. As the fraction and the proportion are still in the state of a "tool in development" (Douady, 1986), their use in situations involving these two concepts influences the learning and teaching of these subjects.
Praslon, Frédéric. "Continuités et ruptures dans la transition terminale S/deug sciences en analyse : le cas de la notion de dérivée et son environnement." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070007.
Full textFeller, Ivan. "Usage scolaire de documents d'origine non scolaire en sciences physiques : éléments pour un état des lieux et étude d'impact d'un accompagnement ciblé en classe de seconde." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070010.
Full textIt is currently advised for to organise some activities in which students can analyse and criticise documents aiming at public understanding of science. Here, we document the use of such documents - in this case paper documents with images - in the classroom. Our perspective is not to envisage only their potential in terms of students' curiosity but to consider as well possible conceptual benefits. After having collected some elements of investigation about the state of affairs in this respect, in students and teachers in France, we designed and evaluated a teaching sequence, three successive years, each time with a standard group at grade 10 level. Organised with a view to minimising the perturbation of the standard teaching, this sequence comprises three sessions spread over the whole academic year. A special attention is given to the students' ability to organise a hierarchy among some problematic aspects of the documents, given the corresponding risks of misunderstandings. Another point of special attention is the tendency to reduce the meaning of the document or the activities that can be organised about it to standard aspects of a classic teaching. Beyond the positive changes that have been observed in these respects, some strong dues of a linkage between critical conceptual analysis and students' intellectual satisfaction suggest that this topic deserves further research
Malafosse, Didier. "Contribution à l'analyse et à la modélisation des processus de conceptualisation en inter-didactique des mathématiques et de la physique : exemple de la loi d'Ohm." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20143.
Full textSegna, Bernard. "L'identité nationale et la citoyenneté : Points de vue de futurs enseignants et de futures enseignantes du secondaire d'histoire et de géographie du secondaire au Gabon." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29645/29645.pdf.
Full textProvencher, Annie. "La compréhension de l'équation : un éclairage des conduites d'élèves à la fin de la 3e secondaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23842/23842.pdf.
Full textMengue-Me-Nzoghe, Laurence. "La place des concepts de la didactique des sciences dans la formation des professeurs de lycée et collège de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre en France et au Gabon." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H080.
Full textBorn in France in the years 1970, of the pragmatic need for a better training of the teachers (Astolfi and Develay, 1989), the didactic ones of the disciplines are very quickly developed at the University to impose itself as research fields on whole share (Chabchoub, 2005). In this work which relates to the place of the concepts of didactic of sciences in the training of the professors of college and college in Earth and Life sciences to France and Gabon, our objective was to see in which measurements the results of this research into didactic are included in the latter. This research was undertaken in three phases: analysis of the training programs of the establishments of the sample, analysis of the memories professionals which are writings intended for the study of the occupational questions and which rest on the interaction of the formalized knowledge produced by the practical research and knowledge that each one can be built by its own experiences and the analysis of the directing semi talks carried out near the trainers into didactic in these establishments. The analysis of the training programs of ILJFMs in France showed an absence of the "didactic" word, but the presence of modules which could be attached to didactic of sciences. Viewing the results obtained thanks, amongst other things, to the Statistical analysis Implicative (A. S. I. ), it seems that when the professional memories fit in the field of didactic, the designs of the pupils are the only concept which returns systematically. It is besides this concept which appears in the program of all lUFMs of the sample. The memories professionals produced with the ENS of Libreville fit in the field of the SVT. And in this establishment where the didactic one is quite distinct from pedagogy in the training program, the carried out talks showed that behind this "didactic" word it is rather the pedagogy which is taught while in France, the trainers told us that in the IUFM, the didactic one is not taught, "it appears"
Labbe, Espéret Christiane. "Modélisation et conceptualisation : l'exemple du cycle du carbone." La Réunion, 2002. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/02_07_Labbe_Esp.pdf.
Full textRichoux, Hélène. "Rôles des expériences quantitatives dans l'enseignement de la physique au lycée." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070001.
Full textBeaufils, Daniel. "L' ordinateur outil de laboratoire dans l'enseignement des sciences physiques : propositions pour la construction d'activités : première analyse des difficultés et des compétences requises chez les élèves de lycée." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077292.
Full textLavoie, François. "La supervision pédagogique dans les cycles d'enseignement primaire et secondaire québécois : Une étude exploratoire présentant l'avis de cinq directions d'établissements scolaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27835/27835.pdf.
Full textAsselin, Carmen. "Les tendances historiographiques de la conception de l'histoire des sciences véhiculées par le discours des enseignants du secondaire et du collégial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29431.
Full textParadis, Hélène. "Synthèse des connaissances en didactique du français sur l'écriture et le processus scriptural." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29157/29157.pdf.
Full textEttayebi, Mohamed Moussadak. "Les représentations de l'histoire des sciences chez les élèves du secondaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29092.
Full textHergli, Majed. "Géographie scolaire et développement inégal : la nécessite d'une nouvelle représentation du monde. L’exemple de la géographie scolaire tunisienne." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070011.
Full textDell'Angelo-Sauvage, Michèle. "De l’école au collège, le rapport au vivant d’élèves de 10 à 12 ans : en quoi les enseignements de SVT en 6ème font-ils évoluer le rapport au vivant des élèves ?" Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00268883/fr/.
Full textThis thesis allows for a better understanding of the concept of the relationship to living forms (animals, humans, plants, etc. ) and the different ways in which this relationship is experienced, according to the proposed ways in which the forms are encountered in class and according to the living forms (themselves) encountered by the pupils. It proposes the development of a tool of analysis and its test in the study of changes that can result from a teaching discipline such as that of biology. A field survey on a (mixed) group of pupils, in several classes of different schools permits the comparison of data collected in which pupils at the end of primary school and at the end of the first year of middle school express themselves by words and attitudes. The observations in the classes tell about the implementation of the official instructions and allow for any insufficiencies to be underlined. The pupils’ answers during semi-directed interviews, facing different living forms, and to questionnaires on two short video extracts testify to a more responsible and scientific relationship and to more accurate knowledge on the subjects considered during the year. The analysis of their answers also shows an impact of the teaching of biology in the course of the sixth level classes and of the very different developments of the relationship to living forms according to the proposed ways in which they are encountered
Berthelot, Michèle. "La conception de la fonction sociale de la science chez des enseignants québécois de sciences du secondaire et du collégial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29214.
Full textBlaser, Christiane. "Fonction épistémique de l'écrit : pratiques et conceptions d'enseignants de sciences et d'histoire du secondaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24480/24480_1.pdf.
Full textDelisle, Marie-Noëlle. "Une analyse de la spécificité de la motivation et du concept de soi scolaire en regard de la performance des élèves en mathématiques, en sciences et en français." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/46826.
Full textGauvin, Fiset Lili-Marion. "Articuler l'enseignement de la langue à l'enseignement de la littérature au secondaire : Proposition d'un modèle d'articulation et de pistes pour la classe." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29271/29271.pdf.
Full textMbazogue-Owono, Liliane. "Manières de s'approprier une question socialement vive dans les classes de sciences du secondaire au Gabon : étude des conversations d'enseignants et enseignantes des sciences de la vie et de la terre sur l'éducation à la prévention du sida." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29558/29558.pdf.
Full textHuraux-Masselot, Pascale. "De la formation initiale en didactique des mathématiques (en centre I. U. F. M. ) aux pratiques quotidiennes en mathématiques, en classe, des professeurs d'école (une étude de cas)." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070074.
Full textKane, Saliou. "Guidage dans les activités expérimentales de physique et chimie : analyse de contexte du Sénégal et propositions argumentées d'innovations." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112048.
Full textThe research being about the renewal of laboratory work of physics and chemistry at high school level in Senegal, it comprises a context analysis of teaching in this country, in particular concerning the orientations of official instructions as well as students' relationship to knowledge. The existing situation is analysed thanks to written questionnaires and individual interviews proposed to various categories of teachers, and to students. In addition, direct observations have been carried out. The theoretical part builds a framework for the analyses and a conceptual framework for the research. The present didactical concepts allowing to characterise the experimental activities, the notion of " issue ", conceptual/procedural/epistemological objectives, function and didactical modes, are revisited. The direct observations in classrooms having provided which experiments teachers choose, the " issues " and objectives they attribute to experimental activities, as well as the respective roles of teacher/students , it then is possible to establish bases for innovation. Taking into account the context, and also the context of initial teacher training, we developed a whole set of consistent innovative labwork activities. They have been organised, observed and analysed during sessions of " simulation " with student-teachers, then carried out in a real class-room. This has also be put into operation by experimented teachers. This work allows to test the relevance of various concepts of research in science education , through case studies, constructs a tool of teacher training and opens perspectives towards the renewed wording of curricula
Coulaud, Marie. "Evaluer la compréhension des concepts de mécanique chez des élèves de seconde : développement d'outils pour les enseignants." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/coulaud_m.
Full textThe aim of this work was to elaborate a reflection about students' knowledge assessment, taking into account both studies about evaluation and studies about learning, especially learning Mechanics. We also wanted to produce concrete tools (exercises and associated comments) which could be used by high school teachers and which were related to an existing Mechanics teaching sequence. This sequence was previously developed by our research team. We used an Internet website to provide Physics teachers with the different assessment tests. In order to design these tests, we analyzed the knowledge involved in the teaching sequence. The various observed pieces of knowledge have been assessed in various situations so that we could measure the consistency in pupils' written answers. We also used research works about pupils' conceptions. We finally used learning hypotheses that were used for the design of the teaching sequence. Using this methodology, we designed 4 tests, containing 16 exercises, which were given to 3 classes at the end of each part of the teaching sequence. The last test (summative test) was given to 10 more classes. We statistically analyzed the pupils' written answers. In order to validate the written answers as a good indicator of pupils' understanding, we interviewed a few pupils after they answered to the test. The oral answers strengthened most of the time the analysis made using written answers. Moreover these oral interviews were a rich source of information for understanding the influence of the assessment situation on pupils' written answers. Some short extracts of these videoed interviews were selected in order to give teachers information about various points such as: influence of the didactical contract, resolution order, link with what was done in classroom. .
Yagoubi, Rachid. "Une réflexion didactique et épistémologique sur les concepts et la conceptualisation dans l'enseignement-apprentissage de l'histoire : le concept de civilisation à travers le thème portant sur "Byzance" pour le niveau 5ème." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082563.
Full textMaron, Valentin. "Une reconstruction conjointe de la dynamique et de la gravitation newtonniennes : conception et évaluation d'une séquence d'enseignement inspirée par l'histoire et l'épistémologie de la physique." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC060.
Full textThis work proposes a teaching approach of the Newtonian theory. One of the central intentions is to justify the concepts and formulae which constitute it, via a progressive pathway enabling to reconstruct them. In particular it is aimed at the notion of terrestrial attraction, which is most of the time asserted, although it is not self-evident. The interpretation of free fall as a natural motion - in Antiquity and still to Galileo — is used to question the Newtonian concept of force. The purpose is to introduce it by showing its dependency to a natural motion of reference, redefined by the first law of motior justifying then its relation to acceleration. This formulation aims at insisting on the specific concept definition of the theory, in order to foster its distinction from the common sense ideas about force and motion. Following this formulation of dynamics, is presented the reasoning - inspired by Newton's one - leading to the relationship between the revolution ol planets, of the Moon, and free fall on Earth. This pathway enables to justify that the force associated to free fall acceleration can be associated to the presence of the Earth. It leads furthermore to the justification of the idea of universa attraction, as well as to the construction of the gravitational force expression. At the epistemological level, the pathway leading to relate these various phenomena highlights the role of unification of a physical theory. A teaching sequence ha been developed on the basis of this approach and experimented with high school and first year university students. One o the results observed is a strong interest of students for the justification of formulae
Bisselou, Gnele. "À propos d'une controverse environnementale : points de vue d'enseignants et d'enseignantes de géographie du secondaire au Gabon." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28695/28695.pdf.
Full textOrange, Christian. "Intérêt de la modélisation pour la définition de savoirs opérants en biologie-géologie : exemple de la modélisation compartimentale au lycée." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070107.
Full textRoy-Mercier, Sandra. "Représentations d'élèves de 4e et de 5e secondaire à propos des pratiques de lecture et d'écriture en français et de leurs compétences en lecture et en écriture." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30100/30100.pdf.
Full textTrgalová, Jana. "Étude historique et épistémologique des coniques et leur implémentation informatique dans le logiciel cabri-géomètre." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10184.
Full textLa première partie théorique contient une synthèse du développement historique et l'analyse épistémologique des coniques comme objet de savoir mathématique et une analyse des coniques du point de vue de la transposition didactique. La deuxième partie informatique concerne l'implantation des coniques dans le logiciel cabri-géomètre. Elle présente respectivement la description des algorithmes permettant la visualisation et la manipulation des coniques a l'écran d'un ordinateur, et une analyse de la représentation des coniques a l'interface du point de vue de la transposition informatique. La troisième partie expérimentale concerne la conception et la réalisation d'une situation didactique. Son objectif était d'analyser les possibilités de rendre opérationnelle la définition monofocale des coniques dans un milieu permettant la prise en compte de son aspect dynamique, ce milieu étant fourni par le logiciel cabri-géomètre II
Paradis, Marjorie. "Quelle posture professionnelle pour l'enseignant d'Éthique et culture religieuse?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30702/30702.pdf.
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