Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sciences – Langage'
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Ba, Mouhamadou El Hady. "L'interface Langage/Pensée." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00693163.
Full textClémencon, Éric. "La référence dans le langage des sciences de la nature." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10117/document.
Full textWe try to answer the question: How do sciences refer to entities that are deemed "real", extralinguistic? The problem is two-fold: (i) What linguistic tools do sciences use in order to establish and ensure the relation of reference? (ii) What kinds of entities (individuals, classes ans classes of classes) do sciences refer to? Our enquiry takes the form of a linguistic analysis of the language of the natural sciences.The first step consists of a study of the structure of classifications. Actually, the scientific lexicons of entities have a distinctive feature: they are involved in formal systems, that is say, in nomenclatures. We purport to establish that Russell's theory of types provides a sound account of such systems. The 2nd and 3rd parts examine those standarized and codified vocabularies found in sciences. We first relate the origin of biological and chemical nomenclatures from Linnaeus to Lavoisier. We then present the nomenclatural and taxonomic debates conducted in the 2nd half of 20th century in systematic biology. This presentation focuses on the "nomenclatural type" or "name-bearer" as the major methodological tool by which biology fixes the reference of species's names. We conclude by comparing the nomenclatural type with the "stereotype" elaboratd by Putnam in the context of the causal theory of reference, and we try to determinate if and to what extend this theory can be useful in order to throw light on reference in the language of the natural sciences
Bouchard, Robert. "Interaction et discursivité : sciences du langage, didactique des langues, didactique du français." Grenoble 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE39016.
Full textThis dissertation has its origins in the conjunction of a pedagogical need, the teaching of oral and written discourse competence, and, of new scientific propositions offered by conversational analyses on the one hand text grammars on the other. Therefore, this study deals with the analysis and or the teaching of pragmatic regularities in linguistic units larger than the sentence. The first part is devoted to the analysis of oral interactions, between native speakers or between natives and foreigners, in "natural" situations as well as in school, and the second part to written discours from a dual point of view: its natural acquisition and its guided learning. The conjunction of these studies enables the presentation of a more unified hypothesis concerning the pramatic structure of discourse and of verbal interaction. From a semiological point of view, they do not function as autonomous phenomenons but are determined by the "communicative events" in which they appear, oral or written discourses are hence organized, according to the functional needs of these events, at their three levels of organization: material, social and linguistic
Derkx, Valérie. "L'intuition en sciences du langage : de l'énonciation à la grammaticalité des énoncés." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040143.
Full textThis work claims that intuition takes part in the acquisition of knowledge and, in particular, in the appropriation of a natural language such as French as a foreign language. First, it deals with the epistemological aspect of intuition, by attempting to show the importance of this notion in various scientific fields such as psychology, mathematics and philosophy. The aim is to determine the intrinsic characteristics of intuition, such as immediacy, inexplicability, insurance, perceptual judgment, listed patterns, etc. Secondly, language sciences are holistically examined and, more specifically, linguistics and didactics, aiming to observe the essential role intuition plays within it. The distinctive features established in the first part enable to test their relevance to the linguistic and didactic concepts. This leads to the conclusion that intuition takes part in the faculty of language and facilitates the appropriation of any natural language while appearing on all linguistic levels. Being multiform and variable in scale and scope, intuition appears as the capacity to judge the grammaticality and/or the acceptability of a linguistic particle without any conscious use of language knowledge. Therefore, intuition is an unconscious cognitive mechanism that serves to recognise and to (re)build the language patterns, relying on observation and experience, in order to enrich a repertoire of language patterns. It is through this cognitive mechanism that intuition fully participates in the acquisition of knowledge, including the appropriation of a natural language
Parisse, Christophe. "PERCEPTION ET DEVELOPPEMENT DU LANGAGE." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00091149.
Full textChernetska, Alla. "Art et science : nouveau langage dans l'exploration du monde." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H001.
Full textArt and science are parallel ways to know the world, even if each one uses its own means. Having different approaches, these two ways are in search of the invisible, of what is beyond the first perception of reality, in order to discover new real phenomena. The current collaborations between artists and scientists have led me to investigate new approaches to reality, which these collaborative projects can bring to Humanity. Discovering the Art & Science field, I asked myself if the approaches and the methods that have been considered as incompatible for a long time are now converging into a common language being created at the frontier of art and science. Our research is based on several testimonials from artists and from scientists who participated in collaborative projects. Through the various collaborations, we analysed, on one hand, the shared viewpoints of artists and scientists, and, on the other hand, the difficulties they had to overcome to achieve the desired result. Art & Science being a recent field, many questions are raised. This thesis focuses on the essence and the aims of collaborations between artists and scientists in order to understand the specificity of Art & Science projects and to see how these projects may impact society
Paychère, François. "Théorie du discours juridique : essai sur les apports des sciences du langage à la théorie générale du droit." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020017.
Full textThe aim of this essay is to study how the new methods provided by language sciences can help in analysing legal discourse. A strong emphasis is put on the value of semiotics, as it is practiced by the "parisian school" of a. J. Greimas, which stems from f. De saussure's work. The theories of philosophers such as j. L. Austin and j. Searle have also been taken into account in my attempt to construct my own model of legal discourse. In this model i have aimed at synthesizing logic with semiotics. Logic, considered as a basis for further developments, has helped to elaborate a system of interpretation where relations between elements which can be syntactic, semantic or pragmatic are the stable basis. This synchronic aspect enables us to understand the relation beetween actual discourse and elements contained but not expressed in the discourse. There is a second aspect, which is called narrartive and represents the evolution of the discourse from one stage within a particular narrative framework to the next one. This two dimensional model is powerful enough to generate a theory of discourse which helps sociologiste in their attempt to find the structural components of legal felationships. The theory of discourse and the theory of action put together, contribute to make the distinctiveness of the universe of legal discourse clear
Hermand, Michel. "Géométries, langage CAYLEY et groupe de Hall-Janko." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213059.
Full textGourvenec, Magnet Annick. "Etude diachronique de l'article de recherche scientifique en anglais : le cas de la nutrition : analyse discursive de la construction de l'article : analyse linguistique des phénomènesde cohésion du texte." Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOL003.
Full textKhelifi, Hadria. "Didactique du discours : le français langue d’écrit universitaire en Algérie. Étude contrastive entre filières scientifiques et sciences humaines." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0282.
Full textThis thesis, entitled: ‘‘French as a writing academic language in Algeria. Contrastive study between scientific fields and humanities’’addresses the issue of teaching and/or learning foreign languages in Algeria through the characteristics of scientific genre. The aim of this research is to discover if genre retains its stability in the academic writing when it is a question of practice of a foreign language, as well as French. The French language does not exist for itself. It is the language of studying at the Algerian university, and poses, among other factors, an obstacle to success. Based on a heterogeneous corpus which is made up of twelve dissertations presented in Algeria, we would like to contrast, among these writings, the writing of the human and social sciences with the writing of the hard and natural sciences.Adopting an automatic language processing through the software Hyperbase is necessary because the corpus is very large. This tool continues to develop new techniques for scientific research. Also, in order to acquaint ourselves with the context of using French language in Algeria, we conducted a questionnaire survey with Algerian students and teachers at the university. The main result obtained from this research shows that genre is always dominant even in a specific context like the use of a foreign language
Mayaffre, Damon. "Vers une herméneutique matérielle numérique. Corpus textuels, Logométrie et Langage politique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00655380.
Full textGlazova, Elena. "Expression de la temporalité dans les manuels de français pour les sciences et les techniques." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1011.
Full textSzoniecky, Samuel. "Évaluation et conception d'un langage symbolique pour l'intelligence collective : Vers un langage allégorique pour le Web." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764457.
Full textDelannoy-Courdent, Albine. "Pratiques langagières et image des sciences à l'école : analyse didactique des pratiques langagières orales des maîtres et des élèves au cycle 3." Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30047.
Full textThe research aims at determining to what extent the teacher's and pupil's linguistic pratices in the classroom contribute towards the creation of a mental image of sciences teached in school. This study is based on the idea that having a mental image of any subject helps the teacher and the pupils build a consciousness of that subject which will, in turn, contribute to clearer learning. The analysis of this image tries to highlight the way in which attitudes, values, knowledge and scientific concepts are constructed by the linguistic pratices used in the classroom. Numerous studies explore the aspects of verbal communication used during scientific activities which allow the building of, knowledge scientific attitudes and approaches. The linguistic pratices participate in the social building of knowledge and attitudes, appear advantageous for the updating of a certain image of the subject. In this study, the verbal interactions during a session of sciences and debates led by pupils of three CM2 classes using very different pedagogical approaches were analysed, from the point of view of linguistic practices, in order to show how the mental image was translated into acts. Analysis of pupil's and teacher's declarations also complete these characterizations. It thus becomes possible to get an insight into the intelligibility of the image of science in class
Jacquet-Andrieu, Armelle. "Langage de l'Homme : de l'étude pluridisciplinaire à l'action transdisciplinaire." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651907.
Full textMoncecchi, Guillermo. "Détection du langage spéculatif dans la littérature scientifique." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00800552.
Full textRebière, Maryse. "Langage, posture et cognition : enjeux et obstacles de l'activité langagière dans la classe de sciences." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR21786.
Full textRamus, Franck. "Rythme des langues et acquisition du langage." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00242452.
Full textmet de déterminer certaines propriétés rythmiques des langues. Nous en avons déduit un modèle computationnel de la perception du rythme, et nous avons effectué des simulations prédisant quelles langues peuvent être distinguées sur la base de leurs propriétés rythmiques. Afin de tester ces prédictions, nous avons effectué une série d'expériences de discrimination de langues sur des sujets adultes, qui ont montré l'adéquation du modèle avec les données empiriques. Pour s'assurer que les
sujets n'utilisaient pas d'autres indices que le rythme, nous avons mis au point une technique basée sur la resynthèse de parole, permettant de dégrader les stimuli pour n'en préserver que les propriétés rythmiques.
Grâce à cette technique, nous avons pu montrer que des nouveau-nés sont capables de distinguer le néerlandais du japonais, sur la base de leurs seules différences rythmiques. Enfin, nous nous sommes demandés si cette sensibilité pour le rythme était spécique au langage, et donc à l'espèce humaine. Dans cette perspective, nous présentons quelques expériences-pilotes de discrimination de langues par des singes. Nous concluons que le nourrisson possède dès la naissance une capacité à analyser le rythme de la parole, et nous faisons de plus l'hypothèse que cette capacité peut lui être utile dans l'apprentissage de la structure des syllabes de sa langue maternelle.
Jeanjean, Pierre. "De l'implémentation d'un langage à objets dans un milieu méta-récursif vers l'implémentation méta-récursive d'un langage à objets." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066444.
Full textBlitman, Delphine. "Innéité et sciences cognitives : la faculté de langage : analyse conceptuelle du programme de Chomsky en linguistique." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0159.
Full textThis thesis is about Chomsky's work who argues that the language faculty (also known as the « universal grammar ») is innate. It aims at detennining the meaning of such a claim by confronting it with biology. The proposed solution to the innateness problem rests on a clarification of linguistic nativism in all its dimensions. The first chapter presents Chomsky's research program in linguistics. The second chapter con fronts the epistemological questions raised by this "biolinguistic" program. In particular, it analyses the problem of the so-called psychological reality of the grammar. The third chapter turns to the acquisition of language. It provides a conceptual and empirical analysis of the argument from the poverty of the stimulus. The fourth chapter clarifies the philosophical foundations of Chomsky's nativism. It explains why Chomsky rejects two theses which are largely accepted in the contemporary philosophy empiricism and externalism. The last two chapters examine if the innateness hypothesis is compatible with biology. The fifth chapter confronts Chomsky's nativist claim with evolutionary biology and clarifies Chomsky's anti-adaptationist position regarding the evolution of the language faculty. The sixth chapter provides an analysis of the theoretical debates on the notion of innateness and shows how linguistic nativism can be given a meaning which is compatible with the interactionism, prevailing now in biology
Jaber, Ghaleb. "Le langage pascal/relationnel : un langage de programmation de bases de donnees." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30222.
Full textManry, Marie-Agnès. "De Bacon à Comenius : science, religion et langage au XVIIe siècle en Angleterre." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040187.
Full textThe aim of this study is first of all to clarify the concept of scientific revolution. As a matter of fact, the puritans, who are said to have been the promoters of the scientific revolution, considered themselves both as baconians and as comenians. However, bacon and Comenius cannot be said to have much in common. Our intention therefore is to show that bacon's philosophical endeavor was to sever the links between science and religion, by making metaphysics a mere system of axioms and by suppressing final causes altogether. According to him, science, as much as language, is the product of historical, psychological and sociological circumstances. Comenius on the contrary tries to keep science within the sphere of religion and to make it a spiritual adventure. According to him, language reflects the structure of being. It is the mystic epiphany of truth. The royal society is emblematic of the state of science at the end of our period. A scientific revolution is under way, but we cannot say that it has occurred. Various strata of knowledge have reached different epistemological levels. They sometimes overlap within the same institution or the same writer's works, and are modified by the very way we look at them
Castagné, Noémie. "Les mots des sciences : la prose scientifique en langue vulgaire dans l'italie du XVI° siècle." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083679.
Full textEl, Hage Antoine. "L’Informatique au service des sciences du langage : la conception d’un programme étudiant le parler arabe libanais blanc." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD005/document.
Full textAt a time when computer science has invaded all aspects of our daily life, it is natural to see the computer field participating in human and social sciences work, and more particularly in linguistics where the need to develop computer software is becoming more and more pressing with the growing volume of analyzed corpora. Hence our thesis which consists in elaborating a program EPL that studies the white Lebanese Arabic speech. Starting from a corpus elaborated from two TV programs recorded then transcribed in Arabic letters, the program EPL, developed with Access software, allowed us to extract words and collocations, and to carry out a linguistic analysis on the lexical, phonetic, syntactic and collocational levels. The EPL’s functioning as well as its development code are described in the computer part. Important annexes conclude the thesis and gather the result of the work of a team of researchers coming from different specialties
Pottier, Rémy. "Un langage dédié à l'administration d'infrastructures virtualisées." Phd thesis, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00773703.
Full textRinck, Fanny. "L'article de recherche en Sciences du langage et en Lettres : figure de l’auteur et identité disciplinaire du genre." Grenoble 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE39039.
Full textThe study describes the French research article in two disciplines of human science, linguistics and literary studies. The interest of the concept of text genre and of a quantitative and qualitative approach in corpus linguistics is exploited toward a characterization of the norms and the diversity of the texts. Description must also be useful from a didactic point of view, to help students better deal with academic writing. A framework for an enunciative analysis of the genre is introduced with the concept of “authorial figure”: how the text manifests a figure of its responsible is investigated through the polyphonic construction of such a figure (i. E. Through the multiplicity and the hierarchical organization of the points of view) ; the purpose is to put forward a linguistic analysis of the rhetorics of science and of the role of “author as a researcher”. Based on an electronic corpus of 220 articles, the semi-automatic analysis takes into account a large number of linguistic features (structural, semiotical, lexical, enunciative and morpho-syntactical aspects), and relates them to one another and to their functions in the text. The genre variations are explored with the disciplinary identities and the different images of the research activity shown by the articles, with the specificity of the Phd students articles, and with the styles (the uniques uses each writer makes of the genre studied)
Schültz, Virginie. "Les formes de type en (/ pour) ce qui… : étude de leurs emplois comme expressions introductrices de constructions segmentées." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN21029/document.
Full textGutbi, Salim Fatma. "Traduction critique commentée du "Nouveau dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences du langage" de Oswald Ducrot & Jean-Marie Schaeffer (1995)." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA1003.
Full textThis work is a translation from French into Arabic of Oswald Ducrot's and Jean-Marie Schaeffer's Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Language Science. The translated linguisitc notions have been classified according to formal procedures applied in linguistics that are intra-lingual borrowings, proper linguistic idioms derived from scholarly inventions, words having suffixes or prefixes and some utterances and expressions having specific linguistic value. The translation brought about some results: There are some terms in Arabic that underline the conceptual difference between terms considered a priori as synonymous. Some terms taken from a common use of language, when translated from French into Arabic fail to give way to major differences. On the other hand there are some parallel cases. Arabic derivational and morphological frames have remarkable flexibility and malleability that allow them to denominate some French linguistic notions. The affixation process is well used in Arabic, but given the differences in the procedures used in both languages, the French words with prefixes and suffixes when translated change their grammatical category most of the time. Arabic has its own means to express, without any semantic loss, some modal expressions or some utterances with specific and syntactic value in French
Jaubert, Martine. "Fonctions et fonctionnement du langage dans la construction des savoirs scientifiques : hétéroglossie et contextes d'apprentissage scolaire." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR21787.
Full textBarrett, Terri-Ann. "An analysis of the language needs of Social Science students at the University of the West Indies : implications for assessment and teaching." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67783.
Full textThe existing literature on needs analysis indicates that these studies should form the basis of curriculum development in contexts where English for Academic Purposes is taught. In addition, the literature on the Jamaican language situation underscores the particular needs of Jamaica Creole speakers entering Jamaica Standard English-medium instruction in higher education contexts. The purpose of this research is to analyze the needs of the Social students at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica in order to inform the university’s entrance test and course development. The research questions address the skills-based needs of these students from the perspectives of various stakeholders and also as reflected in the course syllabi. Additionally, they take into account whether the language entrance test reflects those needs. The study also explored to what extent needs varied according to departments and sociolinguistic factors. In this mixed-method study, data was collected using questionnaires and interviews; course curricula and the university’s entrance language test were also obtained for document analysis. The participants included 302 students, 5 language teachers, 8 faculty-specific teachers and 7 administrators. Data was analyzed using Bachman and Palmer’s (2010) task characteristics model as well as a needs analysis model, which focused on the present situation, target situation and gap analysis. A MANOVA analysis was carried out to do a means analysis of the reported language needs of the students and to determine the relationship between student needs and factors such as department, age, gender, geographical location and socioeconomic status. The results of the study indicated that reading was the most important skill for the students’ academic success and that the majority of the students rated their competences as being lower than the university’s expectations of them. The findings also showed there was a mismatch between the entrance test and the target situation in terms of its construct validity and also a mismatch between the expectations of the language and the Social Science teachers. Additionally, the needs of the students varied according to their department with the tourism students having the largest gap between their competences and their perceived expectations of the university’s requirements. Gender, geographical location and socioeconomic status were also predictors of the students’ competence in certain language skills. Based on these results, we recommend that a test is developed that more accurately reflects the needs of the target situation, which can be achieved through the collaboration of the department of language and the faculty of Social Sciences
Smolianskaia, Natalia. "CRISE DU CADRE(Art et langage)." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00171891.
Full textMalévitch, un des premiers, a supposé des cadres conceptuels pour comprendre un " langage de l'art " (" l'élément additionnel ", 1927). Un cadre matériel se transforme ainsi en un cadre conceptuel, le cadre de référence (" frame of reference ") chez Nelson Goodman. Sa théorie (" Langages de l'art ", 1968) est ici considérée comme celle du cadre modelant. La crise du cadre dans l'art ramène au moteur de la création. Toutes les crises constatées - celles du discours, de l'œuvre, du lieu, de l'artiste, du regard - contribuent à l'ouverture de nouvelles visions et donc, en un sens plus large, à la création.
Statius, Sophie. "La vie du langage : les rapports entre langue et pensée dans les discours sur la langue, en France, autour de 1890." Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN1386.
Full textHolzem, Maryvonne. "Apport des recherches en terminologie à la communication des sciences." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUEL271.
Full textWe will relate in broad terms (chapter 1) the evolution of the scientific practices of the positivist trends to patentability of lives, studying in the respect, the method of research valuation. We will then consider its consequences both on the distribution of knowledge and on that of language. We will examine (chapter 2) the alterations produced as a consequences of documentation turning into a science of information. We will compare on the same theme of research the scientometric and socioterminologic approaches. After analising the convergences between terminology and documentation in terms of classification, we'll study the similarities of treatment between terms, descriptor, keyword (chapter 4). When we address the initial question of indexation (chapter 5), we'll briefly review the contributions of the french linguists and then we'll come to the recent research in social science and interactional linguistics which seems essential to us. We will then open up the way (chapter 6) to a wider field of terminology and documentation whilst setting out the main thems of socioterminologic and editologic study of scientific communication. We'll postulate for a different treatment of terms which take into account both the usages and users of the communication and which identifies the network words used to be recognized that is to say, the tools of this very communication. We will put this working hypothesis into practice (chapter 7). From loocking at the atypical vocabulary of probabilities and statistics inside the mathematics sphere, we are able to consider the instructions for thesis abstracts. We'll propose a pattern for the adjustment of scientific French from the list of autority subject Rameau
Crosnier, Elizabeth. "Les scientifiques francais et la publication en langue anglaise : contraintes, obstacles et perspectives de solutions d'aide a la redaction. etude contrastive de corpus anglais-francais infomatises d'informatique, de mathematiques et de mecanique (titres, abstracts et introdu." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20053.
Full textDue to the implantation of the english language within the international community, french scientific reserachers have been constrained, like their non-native homologues, to publish their papers in english, a sine qua non condition for them to communicate with their peers. Inadequate linguistic competences for their anglophone readers lead to serious, almost insuperable difficulty, hampering the diffusion of their findings. The quality of the english required has been first considered. Then an english-french corpus-based comparison of titles, abstracts and introductions in data processing, mathematics and mechanics, has brought to light specificities to each language. Quantitative data collected from the corpuses computerised by means of alceste programme (lexical analysis of a set of text segments) have supported the interpretations within the framework of a contrastive study. By a functional approach that goes beyond strictly lexical and grammatical differences, universal notions, social and cultural environments, as well as the french and anglo-saxon scientists' identities, have proved to yield differentiated written messages. In spite of the highly scientific aspect, the characteristics specific to each community have been detected. Discrepancies as regards communication strategies have been stressed and thus models have been determined. Among the possible solutions aimed at helping french scientists, text reformulation based on english models seems most suitable, which has been confirmed by a first experimentation showing that the reformulated abstracts meet the expectations of an english-speaking public. Investigation outlooks have been proposed. It has also been suggested that applications to other domains and various types of discourse could be carried out
Fouqueré, Christophe. "Systèmes d'analyse tolérante du langage naturel." Paris 13, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA132003.
Full textSabatier, Paul. "Contribution au développement d'interfaces en langage naturel." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077081.
Full textRamus, Franck. "Origines cognitives, cérébrales et génétiques des troubles de l'acquisition du langage." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00242514.
Full textcognitifs qui permettent l'acquisition du langage par l'enfant? Comment ces mécanismes se développent-ils dans le cerveau du nourrisson? Comment le génome humain peut-il construire un cerveau qui a le potentiel de développer de tels mécanismes? J'utilise plusieurs approches convergentes pour tenter de répondre
à ces questions. L'une consiste à étudier les capacités
perceptives précoces qui constituent le socle des premières acquisitions linguistiques du nourrisson, leurs bases cérébrales, et leurs origines évolutives. Une autre approche est celle de la pathologie. Ma recherche d'un modèle neuropsychologique de l'acquisition du langage m'a naturellement con\-duit à l'étude de la dyslexie développementale, qui est aujourd'hui mon principal
sujet de recherche. Après avoir mené des études expérimentales systématiques des différentes théories de la dyslexie, mes travaux se poursuivent dans deux directions. L'une consiste à explorer en grand détail le déficit phonologique à la base de la plupart des cas de dyslexie, en utilisant les méthodes de la psycholinguistique, dans le but de comprendre dans quelle mesure les mécanismes d'acquisition du langage se développent de manière déviante chez l'enfant dyslexique. L'autre se tourne résolument vers la biologie dans le but de comprendre les origines cérébrales
et génétiques du déficit phonologique. En me basant sur les données neurobiologiques disponibles, j'ai proposé un modèle permettant de comprendre l'étiologie et la diversité des symptômes cognitifs associés à la dyslexie et plus généralement à d'autres troubles neuro-développementaux. L'un de mes objectifs est de
tester ce modèle par des études d'imagerie cérébrale et de génétique des troubles de l'acquisition du langage (dyslexie et dysphasie). Au-delà de cette approche par la pathologie, la perspective à long terme est d'éclairer les processus biologiques impliqués dans le développement des systèmes neuronaux qui contribuent à certains mécanismes d'acquisition du langage.
Palacios, Pastrana Florencio Edmundo. "Etude des rapports entre linguistique et logique concernant la dimension temporelle : un modèle de transition." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10273.
Full textBonnet, Valérie. "La construction d'une langue savante en Europe du Ve au XIXe siècle : le latin et le grec dans les sciences." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/bonnet_v.
Full textEr-Radi, Abdeladim. "Le français spécialisé au Maroc. Le cas de la filière des Sciences Juridiques : pratiques, besoins et perspectives." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSES019.
Full textLegal french in Morocco is the keystone of this thesis. In this one, we want to examine an issue that is firmly entrenched in moroccan societal, sociolinguistic and didactic news, namely the practices and uses of french specializing in higher education, in the legal sciences and in the discipline of general criminal law, more precisely, to better know them and possibly teach them. This study is based, first, on the practices of legal french at the University of Kenitra, in particular on the linguistic and discursive specificities of specialized language (technolect), based on a macro and micro-sociodidactic analysis the legal lectures (3 lectures recorded and then transcribed), the study of the didactic interactions between the participants in situ, first data to which we added, in a secondary way, some interviews with the concerned actors (teachers, students). It leads to the identification of the linguistic, technolectual and didactic needs of new entrants to the Faculty of law of the University of Kenitra, as well as sociodidactic proposals that would be better adapted to the university context in question and which could, subsequently, help future lawyers in french specialization
Lee, Hyeran. "Langage et maladie d'Alzheimer : analyse multidimensionnelle d'un discours pathologique." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812618.
Full textBonnet, Valerie. "Aspects du sujet dans la philosophie du langage ordinaire." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00748536.
Full textMealier, Anne-Laure. "Comment le langage impose-t-il la structure du sens : construal et narration." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1333.
Full textThis thesis takes place in the context of the European project WYSIWYD (What You Say is What You Did). The goal of this project is to provide transparency in Human-robot interactions, including by mean of language. The deployment of companion and service robots requires that humans and robots can understand each other and communicate. Humans have developed an advanced coding of their behavior that provides the basis of transparency of most of their actions and their communication. Until now, the robots do not share this code of behavior and are not able to explain their own actions to humans. We know that in spoken language, there is a direct mapping between languages and meaning allowing a listener to focus attention on a specific aspect of an event. This is particularly true in language production. Moreover, visual perception allows the extraction of the aspects of "who did what to whom" in the understanding of social events. However, in the context of human interaction, other important aspects cannot be determined only from the visual image. The exchange of an object can be interpreted from the perspective of the giver or taker. This introduces the notion of construal that is how a person interprets the world and perceive a particular situation. The events are related in time, but there are causal and intentional connexion that cannot be seen only from a visual standpoint. An agent performs an action because he knows that this action satisfies the need for another person. This may not be directly visible in the visual scene. The language allows specifying this characteristic: "He gave you the book because you like it." The first point that we demonstrate in this work is how the language can be used to represent these construals. In response, we have developed a system in which a mental model represents an action event. This model is determined by the correspondence between two abstract vectors: the force vector exerted by the action and the result vector corresponding to the effect of the applied force. The application of an attentional process selects one of the two vectors, thus generating the construal of the event. The second point that we consider in this work is how the construction of narrative discourse can be learned with a narrative discourse model. This model is based on both existing neural networks of production and comprehension of sentences that we enrich with additional structures to represent a context of discourse. We present also how this model can be integrated into an overall cognitive system for understanding and generate new constructions of narrative discourse based on similar structure, but different arguments. For each of the works mentioned above, we show how these theoretical models are integrated into the development platform of the iCub humanoid robot. This thesis will explore two main mechanisms to enrich the meaning of events through language. The work is situated between computational neuroscience, with development of neural network models of comprehension and production of narrative discourse, and cognitive linguistics where to understand and explain the meaning according to joint attention is crucial
Sibachir, Zina. "La traduction en arabe de la terminologie des Sciences du langage : structuration morphosémantique des unités terminologiques : approche traductive Français-Arabe." Paris 13, 2013. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2013_sibachir.pdf.
Full textOsman, Muhammad Ussama. "Recherche méthodologique de la création terminologique en langues de spécialité, vocabulaire de l'informatique en arabe." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030130.
Full textTHE AUTHOR SUGGESTS TO STUDY A SAMPLE OF DATA PROCESSING TERMINOLOGY USED IN ARABIC PUBLICATIONS SO AS TO POINT OUT HOW ARABIC LANGUAGE DEALS WITH A VOCABULARY OF A TECHNICAL FIELD MAIMLY MADE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES, ENGLISH AND FRENCH IN THE CASE OF ARABIC LANGUAGE. A REFORMULATED CONCEPTION OF "CREATION" IN TECHNICAL LANGUAGE IS SUGGESTED. THE DIFFERENT WAYS IN WHICH ARABIC ADOPTS AND TRANSFERS THE TERMINOLOGY OF THE DOMAINE OF THE STUDY ARE ANALYSED AND ILLUSTRATED WITH EXAMPLES. THE QUESTIONS OF TERMINOLOGY CREATION. COORDINATION AND DISSMINATION ACOSS THE ARAB WORD IS LARGELY DISCUSSED. THE BASIS FOR A COMPUTERIZED FUTURE research ON THIS VOCABULARY HAS BEEN SUGGESTED. A RICH SELECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS PROVIDED
Molinatti, Grégoire. "Médiation des sciences du cerveau : approche didactique et communicationnelle de rencontres entre neuroscientifiques et lycéens." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MNHN0025.
Full textThis research deals with neurosciences communication at meetings between scientists and students engaged in science and society debates. Examination of the history of brain sciences has allowed us to validate a continuity model that describes the relationship between scientific knowledge and opinion. We then use this model to analyze the mediation experience, following two different ways. The first approach is a didactical analysis using the socio-scientific issues theoretical framework to evaluate the debate protocols. The students gain knowledge because they were engaged in meaningful learning. The student’s argumentation demonstrates their internalization of scientific progress ideology, because of the protocol and context effects. However, the contextualization of these debates through consultation with a representative of a society for neurodegenerative disease moderate these effects and the student’s argumentation skills are enhanced. The second approach is a communication analysis based on sciences socio-diffusion model. Seven neuroscientist’s discourses are compared in the light of their social representation of knowledge/opinion an science/society relationships. Our use of the continuum model reveals rephrasing processes, in which we found social and scientific norms interacting. In addition, we describe paradoxes between the researcher’s public presentation ant their private views. Advantages and limitations of using two divergent approaches are discussed
Amorim, Marilia. "Le texte de recherche en sciences humaines : une approche bakhtinienne du problème de l'altérité." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080905.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the alterity relationships in the research text of human sciences, specially the passage from field situation to writing situation. Its first part is an introduction to alterity themes concerning human sciences. Then, a conceptual developpment of the problem is based on benveniste's enonciation theory an bakhtine's dialogism. The third chapter presents a two texts analysis which applies theoretical categories constructed before. In the last chapter, some consequences on field situation of the previous theoretical topics ar exposed
Clément, Etienne. "Les sciences du langage dans la coopération internationale franco-brésilienne. L'interculturel : de la didactique des langues-cultures aux politiques linguistiques - éducatives." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC034/document.
Full textIn this research, I will question a concept halfway between knowledge and action, interculturality in field oflanguage sciences and more specifically in educational and linguistic policies, within the context ofinternational cooperation between France and Brazil. Which intercultural skills are French and Braziliancooperating partners lacking of in international cooperation? To what extent is the intercultural dimensiontaken into account in language education policies in France, in Brazil and at an international level? Whatrecommendations for language education policies, both in terms of initial training and continuing education,are conceivable to train cooperating partners? These are the questions that this doctoral dissertation will tryto answer through an analysis of interculturality in French and Brazilian language education policies. Thequalitative approach of my analysis is based on a corpus of semi-directive interviews and observations on asynchronic, macro and micro levels. This highlights the multiplicity of challenges and the different dynamicsat work within the question of interculturality in language education policies, and into the didactics oflanguage and culture. This research deals with the cultural and linguistic dimensions of the cooperationbetween France and Brazil through the prism of the language and culture substratum. It’s from this linguisticand cultural substrate, which carries the linguistic exchanges of the cooperating partners that we will askourselves how the international cooperation between France and Brazil are sources of intercultural relations.These relations are a prerequisite and necessary to a successful partnership. We will also measure theintegrity of adaptable antagonisms as a source of construction of intercultural skills in situations experiencesby international cooperation professionals. This work fits within a perspective of continuous professionaldevelopment, taking into account the intercultural dimension in language education policies, with theobjective to train professionals in international cooperation between France and Brazil at initial andcontinuing education levels
Jacquenet, François. "Contribution à l'intégration de concepts et de mécanismes de langages avancés pour la programmation logico-fonctionnelle : le langage VEGA." Besançon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BESA2040.
Full textBernard, Luc. "Développement d'un jeu de structures de données et de contraintes sémantiques pour la compilation(séparée) du langage ADA." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213624.
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