Dissertations / Theses: 'Scientific and technical progress'

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Zholydeva, Anastasia. "Environmental problems in the light of scientific and technical progress. Ecological and economical aspects." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8216.

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Салтикова, Ганна Василівна, Анна Васильевна Салтыкова, Hanna Vasylivna Saltykova, and А. И. Крамаренко. "Проблемы измерения эффективности научно-технического прогресса." Thesis, Издательство СумГУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15606.

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Дєдова, Оксана Петрівна, Оксана Петровна Дедова, and Oksana Petrivna Diedova. "НТП и его влияние на малый бизнес." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19484.

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Скляр, Ірина Дмитрівна, Ирина Дмитриевна Скляр, Iryna Dmytrivna Skliar, and Ю. М. Шишова. "Проблемы измерения эффективности научно-технического прогресса." Thesis, Издательство СумГУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18950.

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Поиск и разработка методики оценки эффективности научно-технического прогресса может составить основу для анализа и прогнозирования научно-технического развития, его влияния на социально-экономические показатели развития. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18950

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Пехтєрева, В. В., and І. А. Франкевич. "Визначення основних аспектів впливу науково-технічного прогресу на технічну підготовку сучасного виробництва." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/48084.

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Високі темпи науково-технічного прогресу та завдання сучасного етапу розвитку економіки, що все ускладнюються, справляють визначальний вплив на характер сучасного виробництва і пов'язані з ним процеси, у тому числі і на технічну підготовку. У ній самій, її функціях та завданнях останнім часом сталися якісні зміни, викликані розвитком науково-технічного прогресу. Ресурси інженерно-технічного забезпечення підприємства здійснюють і забезпечують підготовку виробництва в широкому тлумаченні цього поняття (зараз коректно говорити про науково-технічну підготовку виробництва, оскільки наукові ідеї присутні на всіх його стадіях).

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Kust, V., Наталія Миколаївна Усенко, Наталия Николаевна Усенко, and Nataliia Mykolaivna Usenko. "Biotechnology in modern life." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77979.

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Scientists say that all discoveries take place at the junction of various specialties. Biotechnology is the basis of scientific and technological progress and improvement of the quality of human life with the world around him. It should be emphasized, that the biotechnology is designed to solve the key problems of our time, using the potential of living organisms.

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Носонова, Любов В`ячеславівна, Любовь Вячеславовна Носонова, Liubov Viacheslavivna Nosonova, О. С. Ніконоров, and В. А. Пищик. "Дослідження структуроутворення і спадковості литих сталей." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/6412.

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Павлов, Р. А., Євген Олегович Балацький, Евгений Олегович Балацкий, and Yevhen Olehovych Balatskyi. "Вплив науково-технічного прогресу на розвиток продуктивних сил." Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61579.

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Зміни в технології та організації виробництва, якщо вони мають кардинальний характер, можуть істотно вплинути на розміщення продуктивних сил. На території деяких країн і регіонів може виникнути виробництво, яке раніше тут було неефективним.

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Карінцева, Олександра Іванівна, Александра Ивановна Каринцева, Oleksandra Ivanivna Karintseva, and Д. М. Пилипенко. "Підходи до вибору методів управління кадровим потенціалом на підприємстві." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/43689.

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Управління кадровим потенціалом в сучасних умовах глобальної конкуренції і стрімкого науково-технічного прогресу є особливо важливим, так як не тільки технології і продукти, а й операційні методи і організаційні структури застарівають з нечуваною швидкістю, а знання та навички співробітників підприємства стають головним джерелом його тривалого розвитку.

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Braga, Isaque Trevisam. "Por uma vivência planetária eco-lógica: diálogos interfilosóficos em torno de uma ética da responsabilidade." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11701.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Isaque Trevisam Braga.pdf: 551367 bytes, checksum: 40ce42fdff46c96a722e727db82985d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-11
At the present juncture of reality, where the unbridled path of the evolution and technological progress is echoed in the eagerness of human expectations regarding the search for unlimited access to the resources of nature and for a utopia of a scientific knowledge that arranges for the continual maintenance of its purposes, directing humanity to the danger of its own extinction, this research aims to promote, within its limitations, the diffusion of critical reflection on the technical and scientific development, the proper regulation of the means of production and the attempt for a practice of sustainable consumption, buoyed by the foundations of a deep ecology. Appropriating, respectively, of the inquiries and postures defended by Hans Jonas, Michel Serres and Fritjof Capra, methodologically it is proposed to approach the authors to systematize common keywords which turns to the divulgation of conceptual positions to be problematized and possible postures to be adopted under the observed circumstances. Therefore, it is concluded that, from an ecological perception of reality, it s imperative that mankind be elected as responsible for their own future and instructs itself by a acquaintanceship symbiosis with the environment, in connection with all strands of the web of life
No momento em que o percurso desenfreado da evolução e do progresso tecnológico encontra eco nas expectativas humanas em relação à busca pelo acesso ilimitado aos recursos da natureza e pela utopia de um saber científico que agencie a manutenção contínua de seus propósitos, direcionando a humanidade ao perigo de sua própria extinção, a presente pesquisa objetiva promover, dentro de suas limitações, a difusão de uma reflexão crítica em torno do desenvolvimento técnico-científico, da devida regulação dos seus meios de produção e da tentativa de uma prática de consumo sustentável, balizada pelos fundamentos de uma ecologia profunda. Apropriando-se das indagações e posturas defendidas por Hans Jonas, Michel Serres e Fritjof Capra, metodologicamente propõe-se a aproximação dos autores a fim de sistematizar conceitos em comum voltados para a divulgação de posições conceituais a serem problematizadas e possíveis posturas a serem adotadas ante as circunstâncias observadas. Considera-se que, a partir de uma percepção ecológica da realidade, faz-se imperativo que a humanidade se eleja como responsável pelo seu próprio futuro e se instrua num convívio simbiótico com o meio ambiente, em conexão com todos os fios da teia da vida

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Троян, Марія Юріївна, Мария Юрьевна Троян, Mariia Yuriivna Troian, and В. С. Миргородська. "Вплив науково-технічного прогресу на життєвий цикл підприємства." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/50749.

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Кожна компанія повинна періодично переглядати свої позиції на ринку, якщо хоче зберегти їх в постійно мінливих ринкових і технологічних умовах. По-перше, функції товару мають задовольняти потреби споживача з урахуванням науково-технічного прогресу, що має вияв у введенні інновацій підприємствами країн світу. Це підтверджується рейтингом країн світу за глобальним інноваційним індексом (ГІІ) за 2015 рік, котрий щорічно складається Всесвітньою організацією інтелектуальної власності, Корнелльського університету та міжнародною бізнес-школою INSEAD. За допомогою цього показника розглядається вплив заходів стимулювання інновацій на економічне зростання і розвиток.

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Тєлєтов, Олександр Сергійович, Александр Сергеевич Телетов, and Oleksandr Serhiiovych Tielietov. "Маркетинг і інновації продукції виробничо-технічного призначення — один із засобів стабілізації та подальшого покращання сучасного економічного стану України." Thesis, Ткачов О.О, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47714.

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У березні 1987 року під час початку так званої «перестройки» в газеті «Социалистическая индустрия», найавторитетнішому та наймасовішому присвяченому промисловості виданню тих часів, було сформовано тезу, що потрібно швидко відкрити внутрішній ринок, внаслідок чого вітчизняні підприємства будуть змушені конкурувати з іноземними й відразу підвищиться якість товарів, стабілізується попит, споживачів задовольнятимуть терміни постачання та сервіс тощо.

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Лєонов, Сергій Вячеславович, Сергей Вячеславович Леонов, and Serhii Viacheslavovych Lieonov. "Управление научно-техническим прогрессом на основе создания системы показателей сроков службы техники." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2003. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/51514.

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Дисертаційне дослідження присвячено аналізу існуючих та обґрунтуванню нових підходів до формування системи показників термінів служби техніки з метою управління науково-технічним прогресом. У роботі розкрито значення та основні напрямки управління науково-технічним прогресом, обґрунтовано роль оптимізації термінів служби техніки у цьому процесі, уточнено поняття «управління НТП», систематизовано існуючі методичні підходи урахування фізичного і морального зношення при визначенні оптимального терміну служби техніки і моменту її заміни, виходячи з рівня їх впливу на стимулювання НТП. Розроблено систему показників термінів експлуатації техніки, що містить «цикл відновлення техніки», «термін служби техніки» і «термін експлуатації техніки», виявлено параметри взаємозалежності між показниками всіх рівнів, удосконалено науково-методичні підходи до їх оптимізації, обґрунтовано застосовність даної системи як інструмента управління НТП. У роботі здійснено практичну перевірку запропонованих методичних підходів до розрахунку показників «цикл відновлення», «термін служби» і «термін експлуатації», проведено порівня-льний аналіз методів нарахування амортизації, виходячи із ступеня їх впливу на темпи розвитку підприємства та на інтенсифікацію НТП, розроблено рекомендації для внесення змін у законодавство, яке регулює амортизаційну політику в Україні.
Диссертационное исследование посвящено анализу существующих и обоснованию новых подходов к формированию системы показателей сроков службы техники с целью управления научно-техническим прогрессом. На основании анализа отечественного и зарубежного опыта в сфере регулирования научно-технических и инновационных процессов в работе были выделены основные направления управления НТП. Поскольку ни одно из существующих определений понятия «управление НТП» в полной мере не соответствует нашему пониманию сущности определяемого процесса, было предложено под «управлением НТП» понимать систему принципов, методов, функций управления, а также организационных механизмов реализации управленческих решений, направленных на обеспечение восприимчивости всех субъектов хозяйствования к инновациям, заинтересованности в них, а также ответственности за внедрение. В работе доказано, что одним из основных направлений ускорения воспроизводственных процессов, стимулирования технологического обновления производства и активизации внутреннего накопления для расширения основных производственных фондов является оптимизация сроков службы техники, проанализированы основные факторы, влияющие на величину этого показателя, а также те факторы, которые непосредственно зависят от длительности эксплуатации техники, методики по учету физического и морального износа техники при расчете срока ее службы, выделены достоинства, недостатки и сфера применения каждой из них. На сегодняшний день в Украине до сих пор не выработана общая методология определения временных показателей эксплуатации техники, в связи с чем в диссертации была разработана многоуровневая система сроков эксплуатации техники, направленная на стимулирование НТП. На первом уровне предложенной системы находится показатель «цикл обновления техники», для расчета которого были внесены некоторые предложения, отличающиеся от традиционного подхода тем, что предусматривают учет не только самого факта обновления, но и вида замещающей техники. На втором уровне предложенной системы находится показатель «срок службы техники», для расчета которого был предложен авторский подход, заключающийся в использовании показателя «темп НТП» в качестве регулирующего параметра, а также в совместном рассмотрении жизненных циклов продукции и технологии в рамках одного объекта управления, т.е. метод определения оптимального срока службы выбирался в зависимости от того, на какой стадии жизненного цикла находится та технология, на которой базируется анализируемая техника. На третьем уровне предложенной системы находится показатель «срок эксплуатации техники», для расчета которого были предложены методические подходы, основанные на том, что выбор критерия и процедуры принятия решения предложено делать в зависимости от сферы использования конкретной техники, от стадии жизненного цикла технологии, на которой она базируется, а также в зависимости от степени новизны заменяющего образца. В работе была проведена практическая проверка предлагаемых методик определения оптимальных значений временных показателей эксплуатации техники в рамках многоуровневой системы на базе модели экскаватора ЭО-5123. Кроме того, было проанализировано влияние сроков службы фондов на темпы развития предприятия с учетом выбытия и замены техники, изменения величины ресурсов, направляемых на приобретение новых фондов, роста прибыли и непрерывной динамики всех ресурсов предприятия. Был проведен сравнительный анализ различных методов начисления амортизации с точки зрения их влияния на темп развития предприятия, и доказано наибольшее влияние метода Лурье. Проанализированы существующие программы по реформированию амортизационной политики Украины с точки зрения их влияния на стимулирование НТП, выявлены их достоинства и недостатки, на основании чего были предложены собственные механизмы совершенствования законодательства, регулирующего амортизационную политику.
The dissertation is dedicated to the analysis existing and justifying the new approaches to formation of a system of parameters of service life of technical means with the purpose of control of technological advance. The dissertation covers value and reference directions of control of technological advance, the role of optimization of service life of engineering in this process is justified, is updated concepts « controls research progress management», the existing methodical approaches to the count physical and obsolescence are classified at definition of optimum service life of engineering and moment of its replacement, outgoing from a level of their influencing on stimulation research progress management. The multi-level system of parameters of effective lives of technical means is designed, which one actuates "turnover cycle", "service life" and "effective life", the parameters of mutuality between parameters of all levels are detected, the scientific - methodical approaches to their optimization are advanced, the applicability(feasibility) of the given system as tool of control research progress management is justified. The dissertation contains the practical check of the offered methodical approaches to calculation of parameters "turnover cycle", "service life" and "effective life" is carried out, the comparative analysis of methods of charge of amortization outgoing from a degree of their influencing on rates of growth of firm and on intensification research progress management is conducted, the guidelines on modification in the legislation are designed, which one adjusts amortization policy in Ukraine.

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Lenhart, Stephen J. "Cognitive Diversity and the Progress of Science." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145282.

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Science benefits from substantial cognitive diversity because cognitive diversity promotes scientific progress toward greater accuracy. Without diversity of goals, beliefs, and methods, science would neither generate novel discoveries nor certify representations with its present effectiveness. The revolution in geosciences is a principal case study.The role of cognitive diversity in discovery is explored with attention to computational results. Discovery and certification are inseparable. Moreover, diverse scientific groups agree convergently, and their agreements manifest an explanatory defense akin to the explanatory defense of realism. Scientists accept representations as a matter of their instrumental success in individual scientific research. Because scientists are diverse, this standard of acceptance means that widespread acceptance involves widespread instrumental success. This success is best explained through the accuracy of topics of agreement.The pessimistic induction is addressed; it fails to undermine the explanatory defense because past scientific successes don't resemble present ones in their degree of instrumental success; to make this point, instrumental success of representations of caloric and of oxygen are compared.Cognitive diversity challenges the methodological uniformity of scientific practice. Science lacks uniform methods and aims, and it ought to. It is argued that there is no sound basis for thinking that science aims. Moreover, the growth of science itself is not the growth of knowledge. Scientific communities rather than individual scientists are the main certifiers of scientific results. Hence, since knowledge requires a certifying belief formation process but the process relevant to science is not realized individually, science does not progress toward knowledge. The epistemology of science is socialized, but remains broadly realist because, even without a method of inquiry, science develops accurate representations of unobservable nature.

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Кугай, Ксенія Борисівна. "Scientific and technical translation peculiarities." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18282.

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Lebedka, A. V., and Y. O. Kaba. "Environment and technical progress around us." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/28644.

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Our Earth is our home and people must take care of our Motherland. There are a lot of industrial enterprises in our country, that's why we can't ignore the problem of the protection of our environment. Our main aim is the protection. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/28644

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Samoylenko, A. S. "Environment and technical progress around us." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/28664.

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I want to draw your attention to the urgent problem of your life: Technical progress and Environment. Because of the lack of time I will start with the short characteristic of the environment. Its common knowledge that environment is everything that is around us and affects the character and growth of living things. When talking about the environmental problems, ecological issues can’t be separated their effect on mankind nor can’t human activities be separated from their effect on the ecology. Taking into consideration the experience of several generations, witnessing the results of people’s activity, we can say that the problem of our environment and technical progress is closely connected. Being a result of people’s activity, environmental pollution is a term that refers to all ways how human activity harms the natural environment. It is done in different ways - black smoke and fume of factories etc. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/28664

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Кугай, Ксенія Борисівна. "Scientific and technical texts translation peculiarities." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10820.

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Park, Ghunsu. "Evidence of localized technical progress in East Asia." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text online access from ProQuest databases, 2001. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/pqdiss.pl?3013009.

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Rinaldi, Fabio. "Knowledge mining over scientific literature and technical documentation." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000292610.

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Neumann, Andreas W. "Recommender systems for scientific and technical information providers." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://digbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/volltexte/1000007973.

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Сахарна, Вікторія. "Peculiarities of translation of scientific and technical texts." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7408.

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Currea, Dora P. "Technical efficiency and technical progress in the Colombian metal-mechanical sector, 1977 and 1986." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65447.

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Недбайло, Н. В. "Influence of scientific and technological progress on the manufacture development." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10741.

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Wichmann, Thorsten. "Agricultural technical progress and the development of a dual economy /." [Heidelberg] : Physica-Verlag, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37507030t.

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Hundleby, Margaret N. "What counts as technical writing?, a situated look at writing for technical and scientific purposes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq41053.pdf.

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Hawkins, Steve. "An internship in technical and scientific communication with Dell Inc." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1070562313.

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Steen, Adrianus Jan van der. "Benchmarking of high performance computers for scientific and technical computation." [S.l.] : Utrecht : [s.n.] ; Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht [Host], 1997. http://www.ubu.ruu.nl/cgi-bin/grsn2url?01761909.

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GoÌmez, Morales Yuri Jack. "The scientific production : the socio-technical construction of bibliometric measurement." Thesis, University of York, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428470.

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Tohn, Ellen R. "The role of scientific and technical experts in environmental mediation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78221.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1986.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Bibliography: leaves 82-85.
by Ellen R. Tohn.
M.C.P.

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31

Pegue, Misty Lynn. "Practicing Technical and Scientific Communication in a Community Health Center." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1272990135.

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Подолкова, Світлана Віталіївна, Светлана Витальевна Подолкова, and Svitlana Vitaliivna Podolkova. "Functional and stylistic features of scientific-technical articles annotation texts." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34691.

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The up-to-date scientific and technical language changes permanently due to increasing influence of technology and that of the scientific and technical texts in everyday communication. Due to the growing number of scientific publications, to find the necessary information is becoming ever complicating task. Annotation texts (AT) of scientific- technical articles signal about publishing of new researches, articles and help readers to find out article they are interested in. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34691

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Van, Loenen Bastiaan. "Access to Geographic Scientific and Technical Data in an Academic Setting." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/vanLoenenB2001.pdf.

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Ramirez, Francisco Daniel. "Methodological Rigour in Preclinical Research: Implications for its Scientific Validity and Biomedical Progress." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39426.

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Preclinical research using animals often precedes and informs clinical trials; however, most attempts to translate findings from “bench-to-bedside” fail. There is growing concern that an important cause of failed translations is that much of preclinical research is not reproducible, with poor experimental methodology believed to be a major contributor. Four studies were conducted: (1) an assessment of reported study designs of preclinical experiments published in leading cardiovascular journals; (2) an examination of sex bias in preclinical cardiovascular research; (3) a comparison of experimental practices between male and female preclinical cardiovascular researchers; and (4) an analysis of the influence of journal initiatives on preclinical research quality. These studies suggest that (1) methodological shortcomings are prevalent and persistent in preclinical cardiovascular research; (2) women’s involvement in preclinical cardiovascular research is positively associated with considering sex as a biological variable; and (3) journals can exert considerable influence on the quality of published data.

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Zyontz, Samantha. "Technological breakthroughs, entry, and the direction of scientific progress : evidence from CRISPR/Cas9." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105073.

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Thesis: S.M. in Management Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 56-59).
Understanding the direction of technical progress is a central issue for the study of innovation. In this paper, I examine how the introduction of a breakthrough research tool affects the trajectory of a scientific field through new entry and project selection. Specifically, I examine the impact of the genome editing system CRISPR/Cas9 (CRISPR), called the "biggest game changer to hit biology since PCR" (Ledford 2015). Introduced in 2012, CRISPR/Cas9 enables precise DNA editing and carries the potential to develop everything from blight resistant crops to targeted genetic drug therapies. Although biologically CRISPR/Cas9 provides more benefits to researchers working on mammalian organisms than to researchers working on bacterial organisms. I hypothesize that its impact on the direction of genetic engineering research depends on its relative value across animal models. To investigate CRISPR/Cas9's impact, I use two novel datasets on genetic engineering research histories. The first comes from the biological resource center, Addgene, that identifies researcher experimentation with CRISPR/Cas9. The second uses publication histories for academics that eventually adopt CRISPR/Cas9. The Addgene data demonstrate that the introduction of CRISPR/Cas9 corresponded to an immediate increase in experiments with mammalian organisms relative to bacterial organisms. The publication data demonstrate that the shift towards mammalian genetic engineering research results neither (a) from an increase in the productivity of researchers who had previously worked on mammalian models nor (b) from incumbent bacterial authors switching their focus to mammalian research after the discovery. Instead, the data suggest that the shift towards mammalian genetic engineering research results from entry, i.e., from new authors attracted to the field. Given strong qualitative evidence that CRISPR/Cas9 increased mammalian researcher productivity, the lack of empirical support is surprising. Since CRISPR/Cas9 is recent, more data is needed before it is possible to see delayed effects. The paper lays the groundwork for subsequent research on the effect of new innovations on the rate and direction of scientific progress in this new and rapidly changing setting.
by Samantha Zyontz.
S.M. in Management Research

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36

Childs, Richardo. "Fetal gene therapy : balancing ethical theory, scientific progress and the rights of others." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/46405/.

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This thesis examines the relationship between rights and duties in the field of fetal gene therapy and assesses if the current regulatory position within England and Wales is compatible with the intergenerational aspects of scientific progress within fetal gene therapy (FGT). Within the field of genomics, the fetal junction has become a site where gene therapists are developing a range of medical techniques, such as fetal gene therapy and in utero stem cell therapy. Utilising such techniques raises questions about the intergenerational aspects of scientific progress and how intergenerational rights can reshape regulation. The thesis focuses upon these key questions: Are the intergenerational issues of FGT taken into account by both direct and indirect stakeholders? Can intergenerational issues override the reproductive rights of the mother? Have intergenerational issues impacted upon the clinical applications implicit and manifest in this work? Addressing such questions is important because the conflict between the rights of the mother, fetus, clinical researchers and society have the potential to delay progress in FGT. In addressing these questions the thesis utilised thematic analysis of relevant regulatory institutional documents, from international declarations to regulatory guidelines; and semi structured interviews of identified FGT practitioners to identify areas of potential conflict. Following the data collection and analysis, the field data identified five key areas of potential conflict, which were then assessed using the Principle of Generic Consistency (PGC) as proposed by Alan Gewirth (1978) and later altered by Beyleveld and Brownsword (2001). The thesis will argue that the field data shows that established regulatory principles such as human dignity are of limited value in relation to FGT. In other areas such as informed choice, autonomy and intergenerational equity the PGC is applied to define and partially resolve the outstanding areas necessary for consistent ethical and regulatory guidance in FGT

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O'Connor, Steven L. "A study of pupils' problems with non-technical words in middle school science." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309935.

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Rhodes, Susan. "The active and passive voice are equally comprehensible in scientific writing /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9033.

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Krein-Kuhle, M. "Equivalence in scientific and technical translation : a text-in-context-based study." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14846/.

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Scientific and technical translation has always played a pivotal role in disseminating knowledge. Today, the domain of science and technology is the main area of translation work. Nevertheless, there is still a discrepancy between the growing need for high-quality technical translations and the short supply of competent technical translators to produce them, a situation which may be due in part to the recent neglect of the equivalence concept in the theoretical/descriptive and applied branches of translation studies (TS). This thesis sets out to redefine, reassess, and reinstate equivalence as a useflul concept in TS by adopting an approach based on the English-German language pair and on one specific text genre and type. The investigation of equivalence as a qualitative complete-text-in-context-based concept is embedded in an equivalence-relevant methodology based on two methodological pillars, the first being a theoretically sound translation comparison and the second a highly refined translation corpus. Within this methodological framework, equivalence-relevant features are investigated and described at the syntactic, lexical-semantic, terminological-phraseological and overall textual levels. These levels are hierarchically interrelated in descending and ascending order and may be conditioned by pragmatic aspects, viz., domain knowledge and register considerations. The comparison is made using a high-quality corpus selected on the basis of a threefold set of selection criteria, with a special emphasis on the qualitative criteria. This helps us generate well-underpinned intersubjectifiable regularities in the form of potential equivalents established in the TT for ST equivalence-relevant features and enables us to obtain meaningful generalizations. Both regularities and generalizations should be capable of implementation in the applied branches of TS and, at the same time, help dynamize and intersubjectify the complex concept of equivalence. So, hopefully, this thesis will also contribute toward creating a link between the methodological, theoretical/descriptive and applied branches of TS to their mutual benefit.

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Van, Doel Richard M. "Exploring Stewardship Characteristics in Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employee-Owned Companies." Thesis, Indiana Wesleyan University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10286641.

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This study sought to explore stewardship characteristics within employee-owned companies in the professional, scientific, and technical services industry. For the purpose of this study, stewardship characteristics were defined as the psychological (i.e., intrinsic motivation, organizational identification, use of power) and situational (i.e., collectivism, involvement orientation, and power distance) mechanisms that promote pro-organizational collectivist behaviors within the employee–owners of employee-owned companies organized as Employee Stock Ownership Programs (ESOPs). ESOPs have grown in popularity as a method of transitioning ownership to the firms’ employees since ESOPs were codified by Public Law 93–406 in 1974. There are approximately 7,000 employee-owned firms organized as ESOPs operating in the United States, and these qualified retirement plans cover over 13.5 million participants with total assets exceeding 940 billion dollars. The transition of employees to employee–owners presents a unique governance situation where the employee–owners may simultaneously fulfill the roles of owner, principal, and agent. Stewardship characteristics were measured using a mixed-method approach. The Stewardship Climate Scale quantitatively measured the level of stewardship, and semi-structured interviews helped gain meaning or understanding of stewardship by the ESOP senior leaders.

At an organizational level, the study found a variation in the level of stewardship among the participating ESOPs. However, each ESOP did demonstrate stewardship characteristics, and there was no significant difference in the aggregate of stewardship climate for the ESOPs participating in the study when grouped by revenue per employee. At the individual level, where positional and nonpositional leaders were grouped together, the study found variation between the two groups. However, there was no significant difference in the aggregate of stewardship climate or any of the six constructs of stewardship between the positional and nonpositional leaders. Lastly, the study found a significant relationship between stewardship characteristics and firm productivity. A significant regression equation was calculated for the aggregate of stewardship climate, the psychological mechanisms, and the individual constructs of organizational identification, intrinsic motivation, and involvement orientation. A moderated multiple regression was calculated which identified the relationship between organizational identification and revenue per employee was moderated by the level of involvement orientation.

Based on the quantitative and qualitative data, the ESOPs participating in the study did demonstrate stewardship characteristics with no significant difference within the positional and nonpositional employee–owners. Revenue per employee was significantly influenced by stewardship.

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Anchurova, A. V. "The economic estimation of scientific and technical potential of the production enterprise." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19762.

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Farber, Ilya. "Domain integration : a theory of progress in the scientific understanding of life and mind /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9974109.

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43

Kamozut, Mehmet Cem. "A Coherentist Approach To The Justification Of Scientific Theories." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609409/index.pdf.

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Philosophers of science have long realized that it is not possible to decide which scientific theory is true just by relying on their empirical adequacy. That theories should possess other virtues in order to be accepted by the scientific community is well understood. Nevertheless, empirical adequacy remained as having a privileged value among these virtues. In this thesis I argue that scientific theories are accepted or rejected on the bases of an evaluation of their degree of coherence. In such a coherentist understanding, empirical adequacy still plays some role. However, this is an egalitarian approach where observational reports have no special status. By means of case studies form history of science I provided reasons to think that this coherentist approach is better suited to understanding scientific change as a rational process.

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44

LaCugna, Joseph. "Using knowledge networks to establish scientific and technical leadership in emerging product-markets /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Neto, Nestor Brandão. "Knowledge management: an approach of technical & scientific committee in airspace research center." Universidade de Taubaté, 2002. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=63.

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Knowledge is the center of operation in modern organizations. This understanding leads them to clearly recognize that their intellectual capital is the essential source of competitive advantage. Organization integration is the todays tendency, which calls for the need to understand the organization as a complete system, implementing new concepts and approaches in an adaptive way to their organizational reality. Knowledge management, in this new approach, incorporates all of these aspects becoming a complex job, which must be fully studied to be brought into the organization routine. This document analyses the technical & scientific committees as an able instrument to contribute to the easiness of group activities in highly complex research organization as the Aerospace Technological Center (CTA) here taken as a case study. Several factors organizational, cultural and behavior have influence when implementing this management tool and need to be analyzed to guarantee a successful way of implementation. The objective of this research is to identify favorable and unfavorable aspects of technical & scientific committees in CTA. These aspects must not be considered separately. To implement these committees successfully the interrelationship of all aspects must be analyzed in a systemic view of the organization. It was possible to verify as well in this research that the committees are considered very important for the Aerospace Technologic al Center activities.
O conhecimento é o centro de operação das organizações, na atualidade. Este entendimento leva as organizações a reconhecerem explicitamente que o seu capital intelectual é fonte essencial de vantagem competitiva. A tendência atual é a de integração da organização, o que cria a necessidade de entendê-la como um todo sistêmico, implementando os novos conceitos e abordagens de forma adaptativa à realidade organizacional. A gestão do conhecimento, nessa nova abordagem, incorpora todos esses aspectos, tornando-se uma tarefa complexa que deve ser amplamente estudada para ser inserida na rotina da organização. Neste trabalho são abordados os comitês técnico-científicos, um instrumento julgado capaz de contribuir para a criação de um contexto de facilitação das atividades em grupo em organizações complexas de ensino e/ou pesquisa, tal como o Centro Técnico Aeroespacial, aqui tomado como estudo de caso. Diversos fatores organizacionais, culturais e comportamentais influenciam a implantação desse instrumento gerencial e necessitam ser analisados, a fim de se ter uma sistemática de implantação que tenha êxito. O objetivo da pesquisa foi a identificação de aspectos favoráveis e desfavoráveis à implantação dos comitês técnico-científicos no Centro. Esses fatores não devem ser considerados isoladamente. Para o sucesso da implantação dos comitês, o inter-relacionamento desses fatores deve ser analisado, contemplando uma visão sistêmica da organização. Pôde-se verificar também, nesta pesquisa, que os comitês são considerados importantes para as atividades do Centro Técnico Aeroespacial.

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Al-Shanbari, Humod Ahmed. "The scientific and technical information system in Saudi higher education : a systems approach." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32368.

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Continuing change in the provision of, and access to, scientific and technical information has stimulated the interest of researchers to study current information provision and usage in different work environments. The aim of this thesis is to study the current operation of the STI system in the Saudi higher education environment. A systems approach was adopted in order to have a holistic view of the requirements of this study. Since the systems approach is a concept, rather than a specific methodology, a number of framework research models that take the systems approach into consideration were developed to guide the investigation of both the information systems and the users.

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Peck, L. W. "Technical development and scientific preparation for the e-MERLIN Cygnus OB2 radio survey." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1448347/.

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e-MERLIN is a recent upgrade to the MERLIN radio array. This enhanced facility utilises recent developments in wide bandwidth receivers, a new WIDAR correlator, and a new optical fibre network. This upgrade provides an increase in sensitivity and image fidelity, but also results in a significant increase in data volume. This thesis is motivated by the Cygnus OB2 Radio Survey (COBRaS), an e-MERLIN Legacy project observing the core region of the largest OB association in the northern hemisphere. COBRaS has been awarded ~ 300 hours observing time, resulting in a total Legacy dataset of tens of terabytes. It is not feasible to calibrate this amount of data manually, highlighting the necessity for automated procedures. This thesis primarily contains technical development for e-MERLIN during the commissioning phase and early Legacy observations from COBRaS, which focuses on the creation of automated flagging and calibration pipelines. This includes an automated RFI-mitigation and reduction tool (SERPent), as well as a full calibration pipeline consisting of: phase calibration with fringe fitting, amplitude calibration with the flux calibrator 3C286, bandpass calibration with spectral index and curvature fitting, and automated self-calibration on combined or individual IFs. A program for extracting fluxes for resolved and unresolved sources from radio maps with a detection significance boosting module has also been developed. In addition to the technical work, scientific preparations and initial results for COBRaS are also presented. A catalogue amalgamation routine for the Cyg OB2 association cross correlates previous surveys of Cyg OB2 into one definitive catalogue. Subsequent specific catalogues are compiled from this one catalogue to create an OB star catalogue and candidate catalogue. The predicted mass loss rates and radio fluxes from the winds of O-type stars and early B-type supergiants are determined, and this includes predictions from smooth wind models as well as predictions including the effects of clumping in the winds. The inclusion of an X-ray variability study of the Chandra Cyg OB2 Legacy dataset, provides a multi-wavelength view of the population of Cyg OB2, which complements COBRaS. The first COBRaS 1.6 GHz and 5 GHz radio images of Cyg OB2 are presented with source and flux lists and some initial analysis. The technical developments presented in this thesis are discussed in the context of COBRaS and of future interferometers such as the SKA and its associated pathfinders.

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Yemelyanov, D. Yu. "To the problem of grammatical aspects of translation of scientific and technical literature." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/51764.

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Knowledge of the translation subject is crucial for the translator of scientific and technical literature. During translation process, the translator should fully understand the meaning, semantic relations and metatextual elements of the sentences. It is obvious that the most complex grammatical problems of translation are connected with the understanding of syntactic and morphological structure of sentences as linguistic elements that directly convey subject information.

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Romero, João Prates. "Technical progress and structural change : the roles of demand and supply in economic growth." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709440.

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Bradley, Wendy. "Three essays on patent pools and technical standards." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLH009.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse à l'impact des « patent pools » sur l’innovation cumulative. Nous analysons huit patents pools modernes développés dans les secteurs des technologies de l’information et de la communication. Un patent pool est un regroupement de propriétaires de brevets qui permet la négociation d’une seule licence pour plusieurs brevets essentiels à l’implémentation des normes techniques. Les patent pools font l’objet de nombreux travaux théoriques et empiriques. Ces travaux notent le risque collusif et monopolistique existant au sein de ces institutions. Cependant, la majorité des travaux se concentre principalement sur les facteurs qui motivent une entreprise à se joindre à un patent pool et non pas l’évolution des normes techniques au fil du temps
This thesis investigates the impact of patent pools for technical standards on the direction of cumulative innovation. It examines eight modern patents pools in the information and communication technology sector and measures the effect of pool formation and pool extension on rates of follow-on innovation in the direction of pool technology. Patent pools are the subject of much theoretical and empirical work. The aim of this thesis is to fill a gap in current literature that focuses on the motivations of firms to join a patent pool. This thesis contributes to the literature by extending analyses to the introduction of patents to patent pools over time. It consists of three empirical studies. Patent pools as institutions possess mechanisms that encourage and discourage innovation. The formation of a patent pool and its extension as a result of the addition of patents to the patent pool after its launch may alter the incentives to innovate of outsider firms. This, in turn, may have important impacts on competition and society. Finally, this thesis also analyzes the evolution of an industry that is particularly linked to technology in patents pools—the film industry. Digitization has transformed movie distribution and technological disruption has altered the supply and demand dimensions of this market. The main findings of these three studies are presented at the beginning of each chapter

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Scientific and technical progress'

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