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1
Carvalho, Audrey Vendramini de. "Análise da produção científica internacional sobre gagueira." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11909.
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Previous issue date: 2011-12-14Introduction: Studies about the characteristics of the scientific production of a field of knowledge are important because they provide an overview of the past and present trends within a determined area of knowledge and thus highlight the boundaries that remain to be crossed as a guideline for future research. Aims: Our aim was to analyze the international scientific literature relating to stuttering published between 2005 and 2010 in order to identify current trends in reporting progress towards understanding and management of this complex speech disorder. Method: Our approach involved the selection and analysis of online, peer reviewed publications. We examined the publication frequency over yearly intervals and organized the data to highlight the following characteristics: publication period; number of publications per period; the theme addressed; the methodological procedure used, the epistemological affiliation of contributor(s), and the age range of the subjects studied. Results: A total of 339 articles from 76 international journals were analyzed. Prior to 2005 the average number of publications per year was 49(14,3%). However, we identified a total of 72(21,22%) publications in 2010. The Journal of Fluency Disorders, which is specialized in stuttering, was the most frequent contributor (94; 27,73%) in the studied interval. Next, was the Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research (42; 12,39%), followed by the International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders (29;8,55%). Two themes stood out: Characteristics of Stuttering, with 150(44,25%) articles, and Treatment of Stuttering, with 106(31,27%) articles. The research method most used was Survey (157;46,31%), followed by Experiment (118;34,8%). The majority of research featured the Positivist (324;95,57%) paradigm. The age group most studied was adult (174;45,31%), followed by children (120;31,25%).Conclusion: The analysis of the international scientific production about stuttering presented a discreet growth which, from an epistemological perspective, is predominantly within the positivistic science paradigm. Due to the presence of a lesser number of studies in the phenomenological and historical dialectic features; the fact that the positivistic feature starts to present studies that actually quantify qualitative data perceiving stuttering as a multifactorial phenomenon; the fact that the same aspects were treated either as characteristic or as cause of stuttering; we conclude that stuttering is a complex theme which represents a challenge to researchers, pointing the need of searching through new epistemological paradigms in order to unveil it. Our findings suggested there is need for more research on stuttering for preventive health and wellness promotion, as well as to use the clinical case study as method of investigation, and also to focus on adolescents. These aspects may direct decisions about further research on stuttering
Introdução: Os estudos sobre as características da produção científica de uma área são importantes porque fornecem uma visão geral das tendências passadas e atuais do que se tem estudado em determinado campo do conhecimento e destacam assim as fronteiras a serem cruzadas como diretriz para a pesquisa futura. Objetivos: Levantar e caracterizar a literatura científica internacional sobre gagueira produzida entre 2005 e 2010. Método: Trata-se de pesquisa de caráter documental em que se analisaram artigos online, considerando-se os seguintes aspectos: 1- distribuição da freqüência por período; 2) temáticas abordadas; 3) vertente epistemológica; 4) procedimento metodológico utilizado; 5) faixa etária dos sujeitos estudados. Resultados: A produção científica sobre gagueira no período considerado perfez um total de 339 artigos distribuídos em 76 revistas. O Journal of Fluency Disorders apresentou maior número de publicações (94;27,73%); seguido do Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research (42; 12,39%). As temáticas mais freqüentes foram: Características da Gagueira (150;44,25%) e Tratamento da Gagueira (106;31,27%). O método de pesquisa mais utilizado foi o Levantamento (157;46,31%), seguido pelo Experimento (118;34,8%). A maioria das pesquisas pertenceu à vertente epistemológica positivista (324;95,57%). As faixas etárias mais estudadas foram adultos (174;45,31%) e crianças (120;31,25%). Conclusão: O levantamento e a caracterização da produção científica internacional sobre gagueira mostraram que ela está em discreto crescimento, o qual, do ponto de vista epistemológico, está preponderantemente dentro do paradigma positivista. O fato de a produção apresentar, embora discretamente, pesquisas nas vertentes fenomenológica e dialético-histórica; o fato de a vertente positivista começar a apresentar pesquisas que quantificam dados qualitativos para olhar a gagueira como fenômeno multifatorial; o fato de termos encontrado os mesmos aspectos tratados ora como característica, ora como causa da gagueira; apontam: para a complexidade do tema; para o desafio que a compreensão da gagueira tem representado para os pesquisadores; para a necessidade de buscar novos caminhos epistemológicos para decifrá-la. As temáticas encontradas indicaram a falta de pesquisas sobre prevenção e promoção de saúde. Os procedimentos encontrados indicaram falta de pesquisas com delineamento de estudo de caso clínico. As faixas etárias estudadas indicaram a falta de pesquisas sobre adolescentes. Estes aspectos podem nortear as decisões sobre futuras pesquisas a respeito da gagueira
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IGAMI, MERY P. Z. "Elaboração de indicadores de produção científica com base na análise cientométrica das dissertações e teses do IPEN." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2011. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10022.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Pereyra, Elías Reneé, Luis Fernando Ng-Sueng, Luis Miguel Toro-Polo, Vía Ayar Nizama, Alejandro Piscoya, and Percy Mayta-Tristan. "Baja publicación de los trabajos presentados a los Congresos de la Sociedad de Gastroenterología del Perú 1998-2008." Sociedad de Gastroenterología del Perú (SGP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/314559.
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OBJETIVOS: Determinar la proporción de trabajos presentados en el Congreso Peruano
de Gastroenterología (1998-2008) que fueron publicados en revistas científicas y sus
factores asociados.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se revisó todos los resúmenes presentados al Congreso
Peruano de Gastroenterología y se evaluó sus características. Luego se buscó si fueron
publicados a través de una estrategia de búsqueda usando Google Académico. Se
evaluó la asociación entre las características de los resúmenes y su publicación usando
regresión logística múltiple.
RESULTADOS: Se evaluó 417 resúmenes, la media de autores fue de 4,9 ± 2,6, 17%
fueron reportes de caso. Los estudios retrospectivos fueron más frecuentes (66,3%) pero
disminuyeron con los años (p<0,001) al igual que los descriptivos (79,1%), solo 2,9% fueron
experimentales y 12,2% longitudinales. Tuvieron una mediana de 65 personas por estudio.
La proporción de publicación fue de 8,2% (34/417), la mayoría (82,4%) fue publicado en
la Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú y solo uno en inglés, 16/34 tenían al menos un
autor diferente al resumen. El tiempo medio de publicación fue de 10,8±10,4 meses. En el
análisis multivariado se encontró asociación la publicación de los resúmenes con haber
sido presentado en los congresos después del año 2004 (OR: 5,5; IC95%: 2,2-14,0) y ser
analíticos (OR: 3,4; IC95%: 1,4-8,3).
CONCLUSIONES: El Congreso Peruano de Gastroenterología tiene una baja proporción
de publicación de los resúmenes presentados, lo cual puede ser tomado como indicador
de calidad de estos resúmenes y del proceso de revisión. Se deben tomar medidas para
estimular la publicación de los trabajos presentados.OBJECTIVES: To determine the proportion of abstracts presented at the Congreso Peruano de Gastroenterología (the major Peruvian gastroenterological scientific meeting), that had been published in scientific journals, the date of publication and its associated factors. MATERIALS & METHODS: Longitudinal retrospective and analytic study; the publication rate of all the abstracts presented in the biennial Congreso Peruano de Gastroenterología between 1998 and 2008 was assessed. Google Scholar engine was used. The searching strategy performed included: (“Study location” AND “population studied” AND “main outcome”) AND (autor:First OR autor:Second OR autor:Last). Logistic regression was used, considering p<0.05 statistically significant. RESULTS: Publication rate was 8.2% (34/217), statistically significant differences were found among meeting years (p<0.001). There were also differences between study design, objectives (more in analytic studies) and measurement (more in longitudinal studies)(p<0.001). 82.4% were published in the Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú. The median time for publication was 10.8±10.4 months; this variable and the meeting year, study type, journal of publication or accordance between the abstract and publication characteristics showed no statistical differences. The mean authors’ number was 5.02±2.4; analytic studies have less authors than the descriptive ones (3.6 vs 6.1; p=0.012) CONCLUSION: The Congreso Peruano de Gastroenterología presents a low publication rate of the abstracts presented, which can be used as a quality indicator of the abstracts and the reviewing process.
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Toro, Polo Luis Miguel, Elías Reneé Pereyra, Vía Ayar Nizama, Sueng Luis Fernando Ng, Segovia Eduardo Vélez, Rodas Edén Galán, and Percy Mayta-Tristan. "Publicación de los trabajos presentados a los congresos científicos de estudiantes de medicina, Perú 2002-2009: características y factores asociados." Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/314318.
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LMTP, PMT, RPE, ANV
participaron en la concepción y diseño del estudio. EGR y PMT
recopilaron los libros de resúmenes. LMTP, RPE, ANV, LFNS y
EVS recopilaron los datos; PMT realizó el control de calidad y el
análisis de datos. LMTP, RPE y PMT redactaron el manuscrito;
ANV, EGR, EVS, LFNS aportaron críticamente al manuscrito.
Todos los autores aprobaron la versión final del trabajo.Objetivos. Determinar la proporción de publicación de los resúmenes presentados a los congresos científicos nacionales de estudiantes de medicina de Perú entre los años 2002 y 2009 y sus factores asociados. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una cohorte retrospectiva, se evaluó las características de todos los resúmenes presentados y se determinó si habían sido publicados en revistas científicas utilizando una estrategia de búsqueda validada con Google Académico. Se calculó los riesgos relativos (RR), crudos y ajustados mediante la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta para evaluar asociación con los factores analizados. Resultados. Se analizó 532 resúmenes; 52 (9,8%) fueron publicados en revistas científicas luego de su participación en el congreso; en todos los casos fue en revistas peruanas y en español. La principal revista donde se publicaron fue (CIMEL) (13/52). La mediana del tiempo de publicación fue de 13 meses (rango: 0-75). El que un alumno de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (RR: 5,18; IC95%:2,3-11,6) sea autor del resumen y que el resumen sea de autoría colaborativa entre alumnos de dos universidades (RR: 3,64; IC95%:1,1-11,7) son factores asociados en el análisis multivariado. Conclusiones. La proporción de publicación de resúmenes presentados a los congresos científicos nacionales de estudiantes de medicina de Perú es baja. Se deben implementar nuevas medidas y reforzar las existentes para incentivar una mayor publicación de los trabajos presentados.
Objectives. To determine the publication rate of abstracts submitted at the national scientific meetings of medical students in Peru between 2002 and 2009, and associated factors. Materials and methods. A retrospective cohort was performed; the characteristics of overall abstract submitted were assessed. In addition, whether they were published in scientific journals was determined by way of a search strategy validated using Google Scholar. Crude and adjusted relative risks (RR) were calculated using Poisson regression with robust variance to assess association with the analyzed factors. Results. 532 abstracts were analyzed, 52 (9.8%) of which were published in scientific journals after their presentation at a scientific meeting. All of them were published in Peruvian journals written in Spanish. The most important journal in which they were published was Ciencia e Investigación Médica Estudiantil Latinoamericana (CIMEL) (13/52). The median of publication time was 13 months (range: 0-75). The fact that a student from the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (RR: 5.18; CI95%:2.3-11.6) is the author of the abstract and that the abstract was collaboratively written by students from two universities (RR: 3.64; CI95%:1.1-11.7) are associated factors in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions. The publication rate of abstract submitted at national scientific meetings of medical students in Peru is low. New strategies should be taken, and the existing ones should be reinforced in order to increase the publication rate of the abstract submitted.
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Souza, Eliana Pereira Salles de. "Publicação de revistas científicas na internet: seguindo modelo SciELO." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2006. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/224.
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Previous issue date: 2006-03-07This study describes the methodology for the publication of a scientific journal on the Internet using the SciELO Library standard. In order to include the journal on the internet a few editing, diagramming and image formatting software are required, in addition to an internet database. In this study the Scielo Library was used. The publication of journals over the Internet allows an easy and quick search of updated articles of a large array of journals. The inclusion of scientific journals on the Internet has promoted an evolution in terms publication, thus contributing to enhance the access of investigators and readers who may in turn accelerate spreading and obtaining scientific studies information thanks to a network with worldwide access.
Este trabalho consiste em descrever a metodologia para publicação de uma revista científica na Internet utilizando o padrão da Biblioteca Scientific Library On-line (SciELO). Para a inclusão da revista na Internet são necessários alguns softwares de editoração, diagramação e tratamento de imagens, além de um banco de dados na internet. Neste trabalho foi utilizado a Biblioteca Scielo. A publicação das revistas na Internet permite pesquisar com facilidade e rapidez artigos atualizados das revistas das mais diversas áreas. A inclusão das revistas científicas na Internet proporcionou uma evolução em termos de publicações, contribuindo, assim, para o aprimoramento do acesso de pesquisadores e leitores que podem agilizar a divulgação e o conhecimento das pesquisas cientificas graças a uma rede com acesso mundial.
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Redinha, Maria Elizabete da Silva Santos. "A publicação primária em saúde ambiental como recurso didático para educação científica no ensino médio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-11082014-112715/.
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O desenvolvimento de pensamento crítico é reconhecido como um objetivo fundamental da educação no Ensino Médio. Ao contrário do que o senso comum possa indicar, o pensamento crítico não significa a simples emissão de opinião sobre determinado assunto, mas trata-se de um processo que usa considerações racionais das evidências, dos métodos e critérios próprios de determinado assunto para interpretar, analisar e avaliar um novo dado. Para tal, analisou-se a possibilidade de utilização de artigos científicos do tema \"Saúde e Ambiente\" como um recurso didático que visa a aprendizagem de conteúdos específicos multidisciplinares, o aperfeiçoamento de habilidades da comunicação oral e escrita dos alunos em linguagem científica, o contato dos alunos com o processo de construção do conhecimento científico, a aquisição da habilidade de buscar ativamente o conhecimento em fontes fidedignas. Como exercício, propõe-se o desenvolvimento de uma Unidade de Aprendizagem baseada em um artigo científico para aplicação na sala de aula do Ensino Médio que incentivam a análise crítica das relações entre saúde e ambiente embasada em conhecimentos científicos sólidos dos conceitos envolvidos. O papel do professor é agir como facilitador e preparador de um conteúdo mínimo conceitual necessário para cada atividade promovendo o desenvolvimento de habilidadesThe development of critical thinking is recognized as a fundamental goal of education in high school. Critical thinking does not mean the mere issuance of opinion on a particular subject, but it is a process that uses rational considerations of evidence, methods and criteria related to a particular subject in order to interpret, analyze and evaluate new data. To this end, we analyzed the possibility of using scientific articles on the theme \"Health and Environment\" as a teaching resource aimed at specific multidisciplinary learning contents. The improvement of skills of oral and written communication of students in scientific language, to put students in contact with the process of construction of scientific knowledge and the acquisition of the ability to actively pursue knowledge in reliable sources are the main goals of this resource. The selected papers encompass skills and abilities which, when developed, are per se the cultural achievement aimed at. Moreover, the themes developed for application in the high school class room encourage critical analysis of the relationship between health and environment based on sound scientific knowledge of the concepts involved. The teacher\'s role is to act as a facilitator and trainer of the minimum conceptual content required for each activity
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Runelöv, Martin. "Finding seminal scientific publications with graph mining." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172382.
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We investigate the applicability of network analysis to the problem of finding seminal publications in scientific publishing. In particular, we focus on the network measures betweenness centrality, the so-called backbone graph, and the burstiness of citations. The metrics are evaluated using precision-related scores with respect to gold standards based on fellow programmes and manual annotation. Citation counts, PageRank, and random selection are used as baselines. We find that the backbone graph provides us with a way to possibly discover seminal publications with low citation count, and combining betweenness and burstiness gives results on par with citation count.I detta examensarbete undersöks det huruvida analys av citeringsgrafer kan användas för att finna betydelsefulla vetenskapliga publikationer. Framför allt studeras ”betweenness”-centralitet, den så kallade ”backbone”-grafen samt ”burstiness” av citeringar. Dessa mått utvärderas med hjälp av precisionsmått med avseende på guldstandarder baserade på ’fellow’-program samt via manuell annotering. Antal citeringar, PageRank, och slumpmässigt urval används som jämförelse. Resultaten visar att ”backbone”-grafen kan bidra till att eventuellt upptäcka betydelsefulla publikationer med ett lågt antal citeringar samt att en kombination av ”betweenness” och ”burstiness” ger resultat i nivå med de man får av att räkna antal citeringar.
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Öztürk, Aybüke. "Textual Summarization of Scientific Publications and Usage Patterns." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61840.
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In this study, we propose textual summarization for scientific publications and mobile phone usage patterns. Textual summarization is a process that takes a source document or set of related documents, identifying the most salient information and conveying it in less space than the original text. The increasing availability of information has necessitated deep research for textual summarization within Information Retrieval and the Natural Language Processing (NLP) area because textual summaries are easier to read, and provide to access to large repositories of content data in an efficient way. For example, snippets in web search are helpful for users as textual summaries. While there exists summarization tools for textual summarization, either they are not adapted to scientific collection of documents or they summarize short form of text such as news. In the first part of this study, we adapt the MEAD 3.11 summarization tool [19] to propose a method for building summaries of a set of related scientific articles by exploiting the structure of scientific publications in order to focus on some parts that are known to be the most informative in such documents. In the second part, we generate a natural language statement that describes a more readable form of a given symbolic pattern extracted from Nokia Challenge data. The reason is that the availability of mobile phone usage details enables new opportunities to provide a better understanding of the interest of user populations in mobile phone applications. For evaluating the first part of study, we make use of Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk) to validate summarization output.
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Constantin, Alexandru. "Automatic structure and keyphrase analysis of scientific publications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/automatic-structure-and-keyphrase-analysis-of-scientific-publications(2cfe0b83-5cbb-4305-942c-031945437056).html.
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Purpose. This work addresses an escalating problem within the realm of scientific publishing, that stems from accelerated publication rates of article formats difficult to process automatically. The amount of manual labour required to organise a comprehensive corpus of relevant literature has long been impractical. This has, in effect, reduced research efficiency and delayed scientific advancement. Two complementary approaches meant to alleviate this problem are detailed and improved upon beyond the current state-of-the-art, namely logical structure recovery of articles and keyphrase extraction. Methodology. The first approach targets the issue of flat-format publishing. It performs a structural analysis of the camera-ready PDF article and recognises its fine-grained organisation over logical units. The second approach is the application of a keyphrase extraction algorithm that relies on rhetorical information from the recovered structure to better contour an article’s true points of focus. A recount of the scientific article’s function, content and structure is provided, along with insights into how different logical components such as section headings or the bibliography can be automatically identified and utilised for higher-quality keyphrase extraction. Findings. Structure recovery can be carried out independently of an article’s formatting specifics, by exploiting conventional dependencies between logical components. In addition, access to an article’s logical structure is beneficial across term extraction approaches, reducing input noise and facilitating the emphasis of regions of interest. Value. The first part of this work details a novel method for recovering the rhetorical structure of scientific articles that is competitive with state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, yet requires no layout-specific tuning or prior training. The second part showcases a keyphrase extraction algorithm that outperforms other solutions in an established benchmark, yet does not rely on collection statistics or external knowledge sources in order to be proficient.
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García, Castro Leyla Jael. "Biotea-Biolinks: A semantic infrastructure for exploring and analyzing scientific publications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404489.
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Background
Despite the dissemination of scientific publications, most of their information remains locked up in discrete documents, not always interconnected or machine-readable. This, together with the continuous growth of scientific literature, makes difficult simple tasks such as categorizing and finding similar documents.
Results
Biotea provides both a semantic model and workflow to represent metadata, references and contents from publications, adding on top of it an enriched level where biomedical expressions are semantically annotated (i.e., identified, extracted and associated to ontological concepts). We have applied our model to the full-text, open-access subset of PubMed Central. We take advantage from such a semantic infrastructure by applying Biolinks principles. Biolinks proposes a reclassification of the Unified Medical Language System semantic groups. Such reclassification is later used to semantically characterize and compare publications.
Conclusions
Biotea and Biolinks embed publications in the Linked Open Data cloud facilitating interoperability and querability, and contributing to enable literature-based knowledge discovery.Motivación A pesar de la diseminación de publicaciones científicas, la mayor parte de la información no está necesariamente interconectada ni es procesable por máquinas. Esto, junto con el continuo crecimiento de la producción científica, dificulta tareas como categorizar y comparar documentos científicos. Resultados Biotea ofrece un modelo semántico junto con los procedimientos para representar metadatos, referencias y contenido, enriqueciéndolos con anotaciones semánticas en el área de la Biomedicina (es decir identificación y extracción de expresiones asociadas con conceptos ontológicos). Biotea se utilizó para modelar artículos completos del subconjunto abierto de PubMed Central. Para aprovechar esta infraestructura semántica desarrollamos Biolinks. Biolinks propone una reclasificación de los grupos semánticos del Unified Medical Language System utilizada para caracterizar y comparar publicaciones desde un punto de vista semántico. Conclusiones Biotea y Biolinks posicionan las publicaciones en la nube del Linked Open Data, facilitando interoperabilidad y consultas, contribuyendo además al descubrimiento de conocimiento basado en literatura.
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Alzogbi, Anas [Verfasser], and Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] Lausen. "Recommending scientific publications: addressing the one-class problem and concept drift." Freiburg : Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185391312/34.
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Murray, Jonathan. "Finding Implicit Citations in Scientific Publications : Improvements to Citation Context Detection Methods." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-173913.
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This thesis deals with the task of identifying implicit citations between scientific publications. Apart from being useful knowledge on their own, the citations may be used as input to other problems such as determining an author’s sentiment towards a reference, or summarizing a paper based on what others have written about it. We extend two recently proposed methods, a Machine Learning classifier and an iterative Belief Propagation algorithm. Both are implemented and evaluated on a common pre-annotated dataset. Several changes to the algorithms are then presented, incorporating new sentence features, different semantic text similarity measures as well as combining the methods into a single classifier. Our main finding is that the introduction of new sentence features yield significantly improved F-scores for both approaches.Detta examensarbete behandlar frågan om att hitta implicita citeringar mellan vetenskapliga publikationer. Förutom att vara intressanta på egen hand kan dessa citeringar användas inom andra problem, såsom att bedöma en författares inställning till en referens eller att sammanfatta en rapport utifrån hur den har blivit citerad av andra. Vi utgår från två nyliga metoder, en maskininlärningsbaserad klassificerare och en iterativ algoritm baserad på en grafmodell. Dessa implementeras och utvärderas på en gemensam förannoterad datamängd. Ett antal förändringar till algoritmerna presenteras i form av nya särdrag hos meningarna (eng. sentence features), olika semantiska textlikhetsmått och ett sätt att kombinera de två metoderna. Arbetets huvudsakliga resultat är att de nya meningssärdragen leder till anmärkningsvärt förbättrade F-värden för de båda metoderna.
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Rinaldi, Fabio. "Knowledge mining over scientific literature and technical documentation." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000292610.
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Neumann, Andreas W. "Recommender systems for scientific and technical information providers." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://digbib.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/volltexte/1000007973.
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Balys, Vaidas. "Mathematical models for scientific terminology and their applications in the classification of publications." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20091111_133448-63553.
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The dissertation considers the problem of automatic classification of scientific publications. The problem is addressed by using probabilistic methods of the discriminant analysis. The main goal of the dissertation is to create constructive classification methods that would allow to take into consideration specificity of scientific publication text. The dissertation consists of Introduction, 3 chapters, Conclusions, References, list of author's publications, and one Appendix. The introduction reveals the investigated problem, importance of the thesis and the object of research and describes the purpose and tasks of the paper, research methodology, scientific novelty, the practical significance of results examined in the paper and defended statements. The introduction ends in presenting the author’s publications on the subject of the defended dissertation, offering the material of made presentations in conferences and defining the structure of the dissertation. Chapter 1 presents a detailed mathematical formulation of the considered problem, reviews scientific papers on the subject, and analyses a few popular classification algorithms that in Chapter 3 are compared to the ones proposed in this paper. Chapter 2 develops the probabilistic model for scientific terminology distribution over texts, discusses special cases of the model under specific assumptions on forms of terminology relations, suggests the model identification procedures, and formulates constructive scientific... [to full text]Disertacijoje nagrinėjamas mokslo publikacijų automatinio klasifikavimo uždavinys. Šis uždavinys sprendžiamas taikant tikimybinius diskriminantinės analizės metodus. Pagrindinis darbo tikslas - sukurti konstruktyvius klasifikavimo metodus, kurie leistų atsižvelgti į mokslo publikacijų tekstų specifiką. Disertaciją sudaro įvadas, trys pagrindiniai skyriai, rezultatų apibendrinimas, naudotos literatūros ir autoriaus publikacijų disertacijos tema sąrašai ir vienas priedas. Įvadiniame skyriuje aptariama tiriamoji problema, darbo aktualumas, aprašomas tyrimų objektas, formuluojamas pagrindinis darbo tikslas bei uždaviniai, aprašoma tyrimų metodika, darbo mokslinis naujumas, pasiektų rezultatų praktinė reikšmė, ginamieji teiginiai. Įvado pabaigoje pristatomos disertacijos tema autoriaus paskelbtos publikacijos ir pranešimai konferencijose bei disertacijos struktūra. Pirmajame skyriuje matematiškai apibrėžtas ir detalizuotas sprendžiamas uždavinys, pateikta analitinė kitų autorių darbų apžvalga. Pasirinkti ir išanalizuoti keli populiarūs klasifikavimo algoritmai, kurie eksperimentinėje darbo dalyje lyginti su autoriaus pasiūlytaisiais. Antrajame skyriuje sudarytas mokslo terminijos pasiskirstymo tekstuose tikimybinis modelis, išskirti atskiri atvejai, galiojant įvestoms prielaidoms apie terminų tarpusavio sąryšių formas, pasiūlytos modelio identifikavimo procedūros bei suformuluoti konstruktyvūs mokslo publikacijų klasifikavimo algoritmai. Trečiajame skyriuje pateikti pagrindiniai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Cunha, Alexandre. "Relação entre conhecimento em língua inglesa e sucesso das publicações de pós-graduandos de psiquiatria e neurociências em periódicos internacionais de impacto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-24062013-105739/.
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Investigamos o quanto o conhecimento de língua inglesa e as capacidades científicas dos orientadores podem predizer significativamente o sucesso que estudantes de pós-graduação em Psiquiatria num país emergente obtêm em termos da quantidade e qualidade de publicações de resultados de suas pesquisas em periódicos de impacto. Usando como amostra alunos de mestrado e doutorado do curso de Pós- Graduação da área de concentração do Departamento de Psiquiatria da FMUSP, foram levantadas informações sobre seus conhecimentos na língua inglesa e os caminhos utilizados para a tradução de seus artigos submetidos para periódicos publicados em inglês. O número de sujeitos foi de 43 participantes, sendo 28 mestrandos e 15 doutorandos. A maioria de nossos sujeitos (60%) obteve notas acima de 80 (em possíveis 100) para conhecimentos em língua inglesa no momento do ingresso no curso. No entanto, mais de 93,7% utilizou algum grau de assistência externa na elaboração da tradução de artigos científicos submetidos para publicação a partir de suas teses, ainda que a proporção de uso de serviços para tradução integral de artigos tenha sido pequena (20,9%). Análises de regressão múltipla realizadas mostraram haver uma relação significativa entre conhecimento de língua inglesa (nota de entrada) e fator de impacto obtido (p = 0,03). Contudo, relação significativa foi também encontrada ao se relacionar os índices de produção científica dos sujeitos com o índice h de seus orientadores (p = 0,03), bem como uma trend de associação com a busca de assistência externa para tradução dos artigos (p = 0,05). O conhecimento de inglês, apesar de relevante, não é decisivo para a obtenção de um maior número ou impacto de publicações para pós-graduandos em Psiquiatria e outras variáveis (índice h do orientador e o uso de assistência externa para tradução dos artigos) foram as que também apresentaram significância estatística com as medidas de sucesso da publicaçãoThis study evaluates the success of graduate students in psychiatry in an emerging country, in terms of the quantity and quality of their scientific production (as well as the impact factors of the journals in which they publish), investigating to what extent student proficiency in English and the scientific capabilities of academic advisors predict that success. Our sample comprised 43 master\'s and doctoral students in psychiatry (N=28 and N=15, respectively) at the University of São Paulo School of Medicine, in São Paulo, Brazil. We collected information about their knowledge of English and the ways in which they write their articles to be submitted to journals publishing in English. Of the 43 students evaluated, 26 (60%) scored >= 80 (out of 100) on an English test given at admission to the graduate program. However, 40 (93.7%) used some form of external assistance in transforming their theses into articles suitable for submission, although only 9 (20.9%) requested full English translation from a version written in Portuguese. Multiple regression analysis revealed that first-author publication in a high-impact journal correlated significantly not only with student proficiency in English at admission (p=0.03), but also with having the article translated by a third party (p=0.05) as well as with the h-index of the academic advisor (p=0.03). Albeit relevant, knowledge of English was not the key factor for the publication success of the graduate students evaluated. Other variables (h-index of the advisor and third-party translation) appear to be also important predictors of success in publication
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Wallin, Göran. "Researchon Solution-focused brief therapy in shool - A document-analysis of 9 scientific publications." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-36271.
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ABSTRAKTWallin, Göran (2010). Forskning om lösningsinriktat arbete i skolan, En dokumentanalys av 9 vetenskapliga publikationer (Research on Solution-focused brief therapy in school, A docu-ment-analysis of 9 scientific publications). Skolutveckling och ledarskap, Specialpedagogik, Lärarutbildningen, Malmö högskola.Lösningsinriktat arbete, SFBT eng., har under det senaste decenniet använts som en mo-dell/metod i skolan. Modellen/metoden har använts både i inlärningssituationen och för att främja elevers socioemotionella utveckling. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka vilken veten-skapligt granskad forskning som finns tillgänglig för lösningsinriktat arbete i skolan och vil-ken effekt metoden har i skolkontext. Detta har genomförts genom att söka på framförallt två databaser Academic Search Elite och ERIC via EBSCO. Resultatet av efterforskningarna visar att ingen svensk forskning finns på området. Av 125 funna publikationer har nio valts ut som underlag. Med utgångspunkt av sju variabler genom-förs en dokumentanalys. Resultaten visar att designen på forskningen är spridd. Två av under-sökningarna är kvasi-experimentella. Typvärdet för studierna är aktionsforskning. Av de nio undersökta publikationerna studerar sju effekten av en intervention där barn och ungdomar befinner sig ”riskzonen”. Endast två av studierna visar effekt av lösningsinriktat arbete vid inlärningssituationen. Resultaten visar generellt på en lovande effekt av en lösningsfokuserad intervention i skolkontexten. Dock, i vissa fall, har en effekt uteblivit. Effekterna är inte enty-diga och ingen av studierna visar explicit en effekt av de kriterier som ställs upp för en lös-ningsfokuserad intervention.
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Hundleby, Margaret N. "What counts as technical writing?, a situated look at writing for technical and scientific purposes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq41053.pdf.
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Hawkins, Steve. "An internship in technical and scientific communication with Dell Inc." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1070562313.
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Steen, Adrianus Jan van der. "Benchmarking of high performance computers for scientific and technical computation." [S.l.] : Utrecht : [s.n.] ; Universiteitsbibliotheek Utrecht [Host], 1997. http://www.ubu.ruu.nl/cgi-bin/grsn2url?01761909.
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GoÌmez, Morales Yuri Jack. "The scientific production : the socio-technical construction of bibliometric measurement." Thesis, University of York, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428470.
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Tohn, Ellen R. "The role of scientific and technical experts in environmental mediation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78221.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1986.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Bibliography: leaves 82-85.
by Ellen R. Tohn.
M.C.P.
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Pegue, Misty Lynn. "Practicing Technical and Scientific Communication in a Community Health Center." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1272990135.
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Gardner, John A., and Robert A. Kelly. "Scientific journals go DAISY." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-67999.
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ViewPlus is collaborating with the American Physical Society (APS), DAISY, and several other companies and agencies to enable APS to publish its scientific journals in the highly accessible DAISY XML format. All text, math, and figures will be accessible to everybody, including people with print disabilities. The first experimental APS DAISY publications are targeted for 2010. All APS journals will eventually be published in DAISY form, and other scholarly publishers are expected to follow suit.
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Gardner, John A., and Robert A. Kelly. "Scientific journals go DAISY." Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Blinde Leipzig (DZB), 2010. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A1134.
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ViewPlus is collaborating with the American Physical Society (APS), DAISY, and several other companies and agencies to enable APS to publish its scientific journals in the highly accessible DAISY XML format. All text, math, and figures will be accessible to everybody, including people with print disabilities. The first experimental APS DAISY publications are targeted for 2010. All APS journals will eventually be published in DAISY form, and other scholarly publishers are expected to follow suit.
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Shokat, Imran. "Computational Analyses of Scientific Publications Using Raw and Manually Curated Data with Applications to Text Visualization." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DM), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-78995.
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Text visualization is a field dedicated to the visual representation of textual data by using computer technology. A large number of visualization techniques are available, and now it is becoming harder for researchers and practitioners to choose an optimal technique for a particular task among the existing techniques. To overcome this problem, the ISOVIS Group developed an interactive survey browser for text visualization techniques. ISOVIS researchers gathered papers which describe text visualization techniques or tools and categorized them according to a taxonomy. Several categories were manually assigned to each visualization technique. In this thesis, we aim to analyze the dataset of this browser. We carried out several analyses to find temporal trends and correlations of the categories present in the browser dataset. In addition, a comparison of these categories with a computational approach has been made. Our results show that some categories became more popular than before whereas others have declined in popularity. The cases of positive and negative correlation between various categories have been found and analyzed. Comparison between manually labeled datasets and results of computational text analyses were presented to the experts with an opportunity to refine the dataset. Data which is analyzed in this thesis project is specific to text visualization field, however, methods that are used in the analyses can be generalized for applications to other datasets of scientific literature surveys or, more generally, other manually curated collections of textual documents.
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Söderström, Ida. "One Health projects globally : - a literature overview of scientific publications regarding zoonotic diseases and animal welfare." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-363359.
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The concept of One Health is a rather new term that is used to describe the need for collaboration across expert disciplines to ensure health for humans, animals and the environment. The concept of One Health covers many different aspects of problems that pose a threat to a sustainable planet, for example zoonotic diseases, food hygiene, antibiotic resistance and animal welfare. In recent years the interest in One Health issues has expanded in a truly amazing way, therefore, it is in our interest to present an overview of One Health projects globally, regarding the topics of zoonotic diseases and animal welfare. The aim of this literature study is to conduct an overview of published studies, in the areas of zoonotic diseases and animal welfare, from geographically distinct parts of the world, including Europe, Middle East, South America, South-East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. This will be done by answering questions regarding the analysed publications, to explore similarities and differences between the previously mentioned geographic areas, regarding the two topics of interest. PubMed was used as search engine to identify publications suitable for the aim of this literature overview. 178 publications within the area of zoonotic diseases and 139 publications within the area of animal welfare met the inclusion criteria and were analysed and evaluated according to a question-sheet. Cross-border collaborations appeared to be more common in the field of zoonotic diseases than in the field of animal welfare. Looking at the amount of published papers, there seemed to be an elevation in number of publications focusing on zoonotic diseases from the time interval 2012-2013 to 2014-2015, in contrast to animal welfare, where the publication numbers increased some years later, from 2014-2015 to 2016-2017. Sub-Saharan African and South American publications focused more on vector borne diseases than the other investigated geographic areas. Regarding the most common cause of animal welfare issues, it appeared to be housing and human management in all investigated geographical demarcations.
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Van, Loenen Bastiaan. "Access to Geographic Scientific and Technical Data in an Academic Setting." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/vanLoenenB2001.pdf.
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O'Connor, Steven L. "A study of pupils' problems with non-technical words in middle school science." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309935.
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Krein-Kuhle, M. "Equivalence in scientific and technical translation : a text-in-context-based study." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14846/.
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Scientific and technical translation has always played a pivotal role in disseminating knowledge. Today, the domain of science and technology is the main area of translation work. Nevertheless, there is still a discrepancy between the growing need for high-quality technical translations and the short supply of competent technical translators to produce them, a situation which may be due in part to the recent neglect of the equivalence concept in the theoretical/descriptive and applied branches of translation studies (TS). This thesis sets out to redefine, reassess, and reinstate equivalence as a useflul concept in TS by adopting an approach based on the English-German language pair and on one specific text genre and type. The investigation of equivalence as a qualitative complete-text-in-context-based concept is embedded in an equivalence-relevant methodology based on two methodological pillars, the first being a theoretically sound translation comparison and the second a highly refined translation corpus. Within this methodological framework, equivalence-relevant features are investigated and described at the syntactic, lexical-semantic, terminological-phraseological and overall textual levels. These levels are hierarchically interrelated in descending and ascending order and may be conditioned by pragmatic aspects, viz., domain knowledge and register considerations. The comparison is made using a high-quality corpus selected on the basis of a threefold set of selection criteria, with a special emphasis on the qualitative criteria. This helps us generate well-underpinned intersubjectifiable regularities in the form of potential equivalents established in the TT for ST equivalence-relevant features and enables us to obtain meaningful generalizations. Both regularities and generalizations should be capable of implementation in the applied branches of TS and, at the same time, help dynamize and intersubjectify the complex concept of equivalence. So, hopefully, this thesis will also contribute toward creating a link between the methodological, theoretical/descriptive and applied branches of TS to their mutual benefit.
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Van, Doel Richard M. "Exploring Stewardship Characteristics in Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Employee-Owned Companies." Thesis, Indiana Wesleyan University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10286641.
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This study sought to explore stewardship characteristics within employee-owned companies in the professional, scientific, and technical services industry. For the purpose of this study, stewardship characteristics were defined as the psychological (i.e., intrinsic motivation, organizational identification, use of power) and situational (i.e., collectivism, involvement orientation, and power distance) mechanisms that promote pro-organizational collectivist behaviors within the employee–owners of employee-owned companies organized as Employee Stock Ownership Programs (ESOPs). ESOPs have grown in popularity as a method of transitioning ownership to the firms’ employees since ESOPs were codified by Public Law 93–406 in 1974. There are approximately 7,000 employee-owned firms organized as ESOPs operating in the United States, and these qualified retirement plans cover over 13.5 million participants with total assets exceeding 940 billion dollars. The transition of employees to employee–owners presents a unique governance situation where the employee–owners may simultaneously fulfill the roles of owner, principal, and agent. Stewardship characteristics were measured using a mixed-method approach. The Stewardship Climate Scale quantitatively measured the level of stewardship, and semi-structured interviews helped gain meaning or understanding of stewardship by the ESOP senior leaders.
At an organizational level, the study found a variation in the level of stewardship among the participating ESOPs. However, each ESOP did demonstrate stewardship characteristics, and there was no significant difference in the aggregate of stewardship climate for the ESOPs participating in the study when grouped by revenue per employee. At the individual level, where positional and nonpositional leaders were grouped together, the study found variation between the two groups. However, there was no significant difference in the aggregate of stewardship climate or any of the six constructs of stewardship between the positional and nonpositional leaders. Lastly, the study found a significant relationship between stewardship characteristics and firm productivity. A significant regression equation was calculated for the aggregate of stewardship climate, the psychological mechanisms, and the individual constructs of organizational identification, intrinsic motivation, and involvement orientation. A moderated multiple regression was calculated which identified the relationship between organizational identification and revenue per employee was moderated by the level of involvement orientation.
Based on the quantitative and qualitative data, the ESOPs participating in the study did demonstrate stewardship characteristics with no significant difference within the positional and nonpositional employee–owners. Revenue per employee was significantly influenced by stewardship.
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Rhodes, Susan. "The active and passive voice are equally comprehensible in scientific writing /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9033.
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Rosen-von, Hoewel Julia von. "The implementation of early nutrition programming in scientific publications, nutrition policies and parental infant feeding information in Europe." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-82733.
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Rosen-, von Hoewel Julia von. "The implementation of early nutrition programming in scientific publications, nutrition policies and parental infant feeding information in Europe." kostenfrei, 2008. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8273/.
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Stanoevska-Slabeva, Katarina. "The transition from e- to m-commerce : scientific contribution and interrelationship of the publications submitted as cumulative habilitation /." St. Gallen, 2004. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00132038.pdf.
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LaCugna, Joseph. "Using knowledge networks to establish scientific and technical leadership in emerging product-markets /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Neto, Nestor Brandão. "Knowledge management: an approach of technical & scientific committee in airspace research center." Universidade de Taubaté, 2002. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=63.
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Knowledge is the center of operation in modern organizations. This understanding leads them to clearly recognize that their intellectual capital is the essential source of competitive advantage. Organization integration is the todays tendency, which calls for the need to understand the organization as a complete system, implementing new concepts and approaches in an adaptive way to their organizational reality. Knowledge management, in this new approach, incorporates all of these aspects becoming a
complex job, which must be fully studied to be brought into the organization routine. This document analyses the technical & scientific committees as an able instrument to
contribute to the easiness of group activities in highly complex research organization as the Aerospace Technological Center (CTA) here taken as a case study. Several factors
organizational, cultural and behavior have influence when implementing this management tool and need to be analyzed to guarantee a successful way of implementation. The objective of this research is to identify favorable and unfavorable
aspects of technical & scientific committees in CTA. These aspects must not be considered separately. To implement these committees successfully the interrelationship of all aspects must be analyzed in a systemic view of the organization. It was possible to verify as well in this research that the committees are considered very important for the Aerospace Technologic al Center activities.O conhecimento é o centro de operação das organizações, na atualidade. Este entendimento leva as organizações a reconhecerem explicitamente que o seu capital intelectual é fonte essencial de vantagem competitiva. A tendência atual é a de integração da organização, o que cria a necessidade de entendê-la como um todo sistêmico, implementando os novos conceitos e abordagens de forma adaptativa à realidade organizacional. A gestão do conhecimento, nessa nova abordagem, incorpora todos esses aspectos, tornando-se uma tarefa complexa que deve ser amplamente estudada para ser inserida na rotina da organização. Neste trabalho são abordados os comitês técnico-científicos, um instrumento julgado capaz de contribuir para a criação de um contexto de facilitação das atividades em grupo em organizações complexas de ensino e/ou pesquisa, tal como o Centro Técnico Aeroespacial, aqui tomado como estudo de caso. Diversos fatores organizacionais, culturais e comportamentais influenciam a implantação desse instrumento gerencial e necessitam ser analisados, a fim de se ter uma sistemática de implantação que tenha êxito. O objetivo da pesquisa foi a identificação de aspectos favoráveis e desfavoráveis à implantação dos comitês técnico-científicos no Centro. Esses fatores não devem ser considerados isoladamente. Para o sucesso da implantação dos comitês, o inter-relacionamento desses fatores deve ser analisado, contemplando uma visão sistêmica da organização. Pôde-se verificar também, nesta pesquisa, que os comitês são considerados importantes para as atividades do Centro Técnico Aeroespacial.
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Al-Shanbari, Humod Ahmed. "The scientific and technical information system in Saudi higher education : a systems approach." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32368.
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Continuing change in the provision of, and access to, scientific and technical information has stimulated the interest of researchers to study current information provision and usage in different work environments. The aim of this thesis is to study the current operation of the STI system in the Saudi higher education environment. A systems approach was adopted in order to have a holistic view of the requirements of this study. Since the systems approach is a concept, rather than a specific methodology, a number of framework research models that take the systems approach into consideration were developed to guide the investigation of both the information systems and the users.
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Peck, L. W. "Technical development and scientific preparation for the e-MERLIN Cygnus OB2 radio survey." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1448347/.
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e-MERLIN is a recent upgrade to the MERLIN radio array. This enhanced facility utilises recent developments in wide bandwidth receivers, a new WIDAR correlator, and a new optical fibre network. This upgrade provides an increase in sensitivity and image fidelity, but also results in a significant increase in data volume. This thesis is motivated by the Cygnus OB2 Radio Survey (COBRaS), an e-MERLIN Legacy project observing the core region of the largest OB association in the northern hemisphere. COBRaS has been awarded ~ 300 hours observing time, resulting in a total Legacy dataset of tens of terabytes. It is not feasible to calibrate this amount of data manually, highlighting the necessity for automated procedures. This thesis primarily contains technical development for e-MERLIN during the commissioning phase and early Legacy observations from COBRaS, which focuses on the creation of automated flagging and calibration pipelines. This includes an automated RFI-mitigation and reduction tool (SERPent), as well as a full calibration pipeline consisting of: phase calibration with fringe fitting, amplitude calibration with the flux calibrator 3C286, bandpass calibration with spectral index and curvature fitting, and automated self-calibration on combined or individual IFs. A program for extracting fluxes for resolved and unresolved sources from radio maps with a detection significance boosting module has also been developed. In addition to the technical work, scientific preparations and initial results for COBRaS are also presented. A catalogue amalgamation routine for the Cyg OB2 association cross correlates previous surveys of Cyg OB2 into one definitive catalogue. Subsequent specific catalogues are compiled from this one catalogue to create an OB star catalogue and candidate catalogue. The predicted mass loss rates and radio fluxes from the winds of O-type stars and early B-type supergiants are determined, and this includes predictions from smooth wind models as well as predictions including the effects of clumping in the winds. The inclusion of an X-ray variability study of the Chandra Cyg OB2 Legacy dataset, provides a multi-wavelength view of the population of Cyg OB2, which complements COBRaS. The first COBRaS 1.6 GHz and 5 GHz radio images of Cyg OB2 are presented with source and flux lists and some initial analysis. The technical developments presented in this thesis are discussed in the context of COBRaS and of future interferometers such as the SKA and its associated pathfinders.
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Bontemps, Gwendoline. "Mise en place d'un processus d'aide à la décision stratégique en entreprise basée sur des méthodes d'intelligence technologique : étude à partir des mutations actuelles dans le secteur de l'élevage." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0100/document.
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L’agriculture est un secteur qui connaît de forts bouleversements depuis plusieurs années en France. Face à cette instabilité croissante, les firmes ont besoin de moyens pour caractériser leur environnement externe et ainsi être en capacité de saisir les opportunités qui se créent. Cette thèse a pour objectif de développer une méthode d’intelligence technologique qui pourra être intégrée au sein du groupe Avril. Pour cela, nous nous appuyons sur le cas de la moindre utilisation des antibiotiques dans l’élevage.Dans un premier temps, nous montrons en quoi les méthodes d’intelligence technologique peuvent effectivement apporter un soutien au management de l’innovation chez Avril. Nous étudions l’agro-industrie et plus particulièrement l’élevage à travers les concepts de paradigmes, de trajectoires ou encore de régimes technologiques qui se retrouvent dans la littérature évolutionniste. Nous montrons que le paradigme de l’antibiotique dans la santé animale est toujours d’actualité mais qu’un changement de trajectoire est en cours. Cela justifie le recours aux méthodes d’intelligence technologique.Dans un second temps, nous développerons une méthode d’intelligence technologique pour le groupe, appliquée à la caractérisation des solutions scientifiques et techniques pour une diminution de l’utilisation des antibiotiques dans l’élevage. A l’issue de ce cas, un travail plus poussé sur le cas précis des phages est réalisé. Nous montrons à travers ce travail comment ces méthodes peuvent s’intégrer au sein du processus organisationnel de la firmeAgriculture is a sector with major upheavals for several years in France. Faced with this growing instability, firms need to characterize their external environment to be able to seize opportunities. This thesis aims to develop a method of competitive technical intelligence that can be integrated in the Avril group. For this, we rely on the case of the lower use of antibiotics in livestock farming.First, we show how competitive technical intelligence methods support the management of innovation in the Avril group. We study agro-industry and more particularly livestock farming through the concepts of technological paradigms, trajectories and regimes that are found in evolutionary literature. We show that the antibiotic’s paradigm in animal health is still relevant, but changes of technological trajectories are in progress. That is why we can use the competitive technical intelligence methods.Secondly, we develop a method of competitive technical intelligence for the Avril group, applied to the characterization of scientific and technical solutions for a decrease in the use of antibiotics in livestock farming. At the end of this case, we work on the case of phages for more precisions. We show through this work how these methods can be integrated in the organizational process of the firm
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Collier, James H. "Scientific discourse, sociological theory, and the structure of rhetoric." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11102009-020217/.
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Kozmenkov, K., J. Konheiser, U. Rohde, A. Ulbricht, F. P. Weiß, U. Rindelhardt, F. Schäfer, K. Noack, U. Schleicher, and T. Höhne. "Scientific-technical cooperation between FZR and Russia in the field of NPP safety research." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-28179.
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Meyer, Eric T. "Socio-technical perspectives on digital photography scientific digital photography use by marine mammal researchers /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3278467.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, School of Information Science, 2007.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-10, Section: A, page: 4119. Adviser: Howard Rosenbaum. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 19, 2008).
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Kozmenkov, K., J. Konheiser, U. Rohde, A. Ulbricht, F. P. Weiß, U. Rindelhardt, F. Schäfer, K. Noack, U. Schleicher, and T. Höhne. "Scientific-technical cooperation between FZR and Russia in the field of NPP safety research." Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 2007. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21644.
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Maddrell, John Paul. "Britain's exploitation of Occupied Germany for scientific and technical intelligence on the Soviet Union." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/226719.
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At the beginning of the Cold War, the gathering of intelligence on the Soviet Union's current and future military capability seemed a near-impossibility. Soviet high-level communications were secure against decryption. Agent networks in the USSR were very difficult to establish and of uncertain reliability. Aerial reconnaissance of warrelated targets in the Soviet Union was risky and could only be occasional. But valuable intelligence was gathered in the years 1945-55 on the USSR's frantic arms build-up, thanks to its policy towards Germans and their country. Its exploitation of Germans and its Zone of Germany in its war-related research and development and the reconstruction of its war-related industries gave British Intelligence penetrable targets in the Soviet Zone and gave great numbers of Germans sought-after information on the USSR itself. The ease of recruiting age nts in East Germany and the flight (including enticed defections) of refugees from it allowed research and development projects and uranium.-mining operations there to be penetrated. Intelligence of Soviet weapons development and of the quality of Soviet military technology was obtained. The mass interrogation of prisoners-of-war returned by the Soviets to the British Occupation Zone in the late 1940s yielded a wealth of valuable information on war-related construction and the locations of numerous intelligence targets in the Soviet Union: most importantly, those of atomic and chemical plants, aircraft and aero-engine factories, airfields, rocket development centres and other installations. When, in the period 1949-58, some 3,000 deported German scientists , engineers and technicians were sent back to their homeland from the USSR, promising sources among them were enticed West and interrogated for their knowledge of the Soviets' research and development projects. The cream of the information they provided was crucial intelligence on the locations of atomic plants and laboratories and uranium deposits; useful information on structural weaknesses in the Soviet system of scientific and economic management; expert (if out-of-date) assessments of the quality of Soviet accomplishments in atomic science, electronics and other fields; and well-informed indications as to possible lines of development in guided missile and aircraft design. One Soviet scientific defector in Germany provided similar information which influenced British perceptions of the Soviet Union's scientific potential and missile development plans. Refugees entering the British Zone from East Germany, intercepted letters and monitored telecommunications, informal contacts and, of course, secret agents all made significant contributions to the gathering of scientific and technical intelligence in Germany too. The British passed to the Americans much of the intelligence they acquired in Germany and the installations identified and located by German sources were overtlown by spyplanes in the 1950s and particularly by U-2s in the latter half of-the decade. Priceless information was obtained, which establi shed that the USSR's war-related scientific research and development and its actual military capability were both inferior to those of the West. Thus the Germans enabled Soviet security to be deeply penetrated and helped to stabilize the Cold War. They are the missing link between Ultra and the U-2.
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Thomas, Jennifer. "The importance of scientific and technical innovation in the police investigation of gun crime." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2011. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/12940/.
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My original contribution to knowledge is the assessment of two ballistics analysis systems using the same bullets and cartridge cases to assess interoperability potential. The results are discussed in the context of policing issues representing a multidisciplinary approach to combating gun crime. Microscopic comparison of bullets and cartridge cases allows inferences to be made that objects bear marks from the same weapon. Parts of this process have been automated. Digital images of objects are stored in a database and correlations undertaken to find potential matches. An expert will decide on the most probable match based upon a range of potential candidates. All evidence should be utilised to the fullest extent, including data from ballistics systems. The success rate of the most widely used system has been quoted at between 50% and 95% suggesting that links to other crimes remain undiscovered. There are different ballistics systems available but research has only been conducted on one. There is no interoperability between systems. Data cannot be shared between different systems. An essential pre-requisite to any work on interoperability, is an understanding of the different systems and the data produced. The research aims were to design a methodology to enable the assessment of systems and to produce ammunition that can be used repeatedly as required. The aim was to conduct an experiment with two of the currently available systems. The results show variance between systems and their accuracy needs improvement. An error rate has been defined and applied to each system. The results suggest that complete interoperability of systems will only be possible with the full cooperation of the manufacturers. A limited form of interoperability focussing on data sharing may be possible. The results have implications for experts using the systems and suggest that a matching standard should be developed to make forensic ballistics analysis an objective discipline.
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Norström, Per. "Technology education and non-scientific technological knowledge." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Filosofi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-48237.
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This thesis consists of two essays and an introduction. The main theme is technological knowledge that is not based on the natural sciences.The first essay is about rules of thumb, which are simple instructions, used to guide actions toward a specific result, without need of advanced knowledge. Knowing adequate rules of thumb is a common form of technological knowledge. It differs both from science-based and intuitive (or tacit) technological knowledge, although it may have its origin in experience, scientific knowledge, trial and error, or a combination thereof. One of the major advantages of rules of thumb is the ease with which they can be learned. One of their major disadvantages is that they cannot easily be adjusted to new situations or conditions. Engineers commonly use rules, theories and models that lack scientific justification. How to include these in introductory technology education is the theme of the second essay. Examples include rules of thumb based on experience, but also models based on obsolete science or folk theories. Centrifugal forces, heat and cold as substances, and sucking vacuum all belong to the latter group. These models contradict scientific knowledge, but are useful for prediction in limited contexts where they are used when found convenient. The role of this kind of models in technology education is the theme of the second essay. Engineers’ work is a common prototype for pupils’ work with product development and systematic problem solving during technology lessons. Therefore pupils should be allowed to use the engineers’ non-scientific models when doing design work in school technology. The acceptance of these could be experienced as contradictory by the pupils: a model that is allowed, or even encouraged in technology class is considered wrong when doing science. To account for this, different epistemological frameworks must be used in science and technology education. Technology is first and foremost about usefulness, not about the truth or even generally applicable laws. This could cause pedagogical problems, but also provide useful examples to explain the limitations of models, the relation between model and reality, and the differences between science and technology.QC 20111118
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Dewulf, Lauriane. "Essays on competition between fixed and mobile networks in the broadband industry and on scientific publications issued by innovative companies." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/251467/3/table.pdf.
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Abstact 1 - Over the past few years, mobile broadband technologies and speeds have greatly increased in the European Union, reaching an ever larger share of broadband consumers. These changes have implications for broadband market competition. In the past, mobile services offered slow but mobile internet whereas fixed services offered faster but fixed internet. Fixed and mobile broad-band were therefore obviously complementary services. While mobile broadband speeds have significantly increased over the latest years, fixed broadband is remaining rather a fixed technol-ogy. Consequently, if mobile broadband becomes fast enough considering some consumers’ needs, we believe that the same consumers will choose to use only the mobile broadband tech-nology (who by itself offers high-speed and mobility) instead of both fixed and mobile broad-band technologies. As a result, we may observe an increasing trend towards fixed to mobile substitution. Our study investigates empirically this trend. More specifically, it analyzes the im-pact of mobile broadband technology evolution - through 4G adoption - on fixed to mobile sub-stitution in the 28 European countries from 2009 until 2015. The few studies examining this sub-ject show that fixed to mobile substitution exists although none of these studies analyze the evo-lution of this substitution. The results confirm a significant existence of a fixed to mobile substi-tution in the EU, and show that this substitution is more than doubled when a country adopts 4G. The growing competitive pressure from mobile operators also provides fixed operators with incentives to acquire – or merge with – mobile operators. This fact should be a concern for policy makers as it could have harmful consequences for competition and investment on the broad-band market.Abstract 2 - Whereas open science – i.e. publishing articles in scientific journals – had been largely studied on the academic side, there is still a need to explore the subject on the industry side. This study spe-cifically analyzes the role of academic institutions in firms’ scientific publications and uses a novel approach to explore the subject. Publications issued from collaborations with academic institutions are indeed differentiated from other publications. The first type of publications is considered as an indicator of firms’ collaborative activities with academic institutions whereas the second type of publications is considered as the result of firms’ strategies and/or firms’ capa-bilities to publish. This study provides evidence that industry publications are a valuable signal to attract academic partners. In addition, this study provides evidence that potential academic partners are more willing to team up with firms’ researchers who have proven their ability to achieve high-quality research/publications without the help of academic partners. Finally, the study provides evidence that past successful collaborations with academic partners lead the firm to reiterate such collaborations in the short term (2 years max.).
Abstract 3 - The objective of this study is twofold. First, it provides further knowledge on the subject of prof-itability of industry science/publications as it is not clear yet whether industry sci-ence/publications are profitable to firms. Second, it considers the central role of academic part-ners in the profitability of firms’ scientific publications as previous empirical studies do not con-sider such role. To investigate the subject, we perform several regressions with firms profits as dependent variable. The results provide evidence that the publication of scientific articles is not a profitable activity in itself (as it was demonstrated in two previous studies). Collaborations with academic institutions are the real basis of profitable results; the production of scientific publica-tions is only one of the consequences of these collaborations. This study also shows that not all collaborations are profitable, only collaborations in high-tech sectors that lead to high-quality publications lead to larger profits. Indeed, in their quest for survival and profitability, companies competing in high-tech sectors often need the help of academic partners to exploit scientific knowledge. On average, a rise of about 7% in successful collaborations (leading to high-quality publications) raises the profit of high-tech firms by about 1%. -
Abstract 4 - This chapter analyzes the factors influencing the quality of the output of I-A collaborations ap-proximated by the quality of the I-A co-publications. More specifically it analyzes two subjects that are typically complicated to study empirically because of a lack of available data: (1) it compares US and EU I-A partnerships and (2) it discusses if and how internet is a useful tool in I-A collaborations. The results empirically confirm that EU universities are less efficient partners than US universities when collaborating with the private sector. This study also demonstrates a much larger gap between EU and US academic partners in high-tech sectors. Finally, the results provide evidence that broadband is a useful tool for international I-A collaborations although broadband is less important in the success of I-A international collaborations in high-tech sectors compared to lower-tech sectors.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Carrillo, Ingunza de Erut Fabricia Marina. "Estudio bibliométrico de artículos científicos de Psicología sobre migración recogidos de la base de datos Scielo - Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/631707.
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El objetivo del estudio fue realizar un análisis bibliométrico de las publicaciones científicas de la base de datos Scielo-Perú, para establecer información actual sobre los artículos científicos de Psicología sobre migración. Primero, se realizó una búsqueda de la variable migración en la base de datos Scielo Perú, encontrándose un total de 72 artículos, de los cuales quedaron 12 artículos relacionados a temas de Psicología, los que conformaron la muestra del estudio. Posteriormente, se realizaron los análisis de datos y metodologías utilizadas, y se desarrolló un análisis de la información obtenida. En los resultados destaca la gran cantidad de estudios cualitativos, el cien por ciento de trabajos contienen resumen, abstract, palabras claves, introducción y objetivos. Se concluye que, la bibliometría es una herramienta importante y útil para medir es resultado del ejercicio investigador, volviendo tangible la información de estudios previos con el fin de contribuir con el desarrollo y avance de la ciencia peruana.The objective of the study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of the scientific publications of the Scielo-Peru database, to establish current information on the scientific articles of Psychology on migration. First, a search of the migration variable was carried out in the Scielo-Peru database, with a total of 72 articles, of which 12 articles related to Psychology topics remained, which formed the study sample. Subsequently, the data analyzes and methodologies used were performed, and an analysis of the information obtained was developed. The results highlight the large number of qualitative studies, one hundred percent of works contain abstract, abstract, keywords, introduction and objectives. It is concluded that, bibliometry is an important and useful tool to measure is the result of the research exercise, making the information of previous studies tangible in order to contribute to the development and advancement of Peruvian science.
Trabajo de investigación
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DeLuca, Todd A. "A Technical Writing Internship with CTC Parker Automation." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1006205131.
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