Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR'

With the development of the wireless communication system, the antenna has been widely used as an important tool in data transmission. However, there are many characteristic parameters for antenna need to be calculated by complex calculation. For example the mutual input impedance of dipole antenna, the Directivity coefficient and the Gain coefficient. Therefore, it is quite practically hard to implement by hand, especially for student who was studying on it. In order to solve this problem, this thesis has establishes the calculation procedure for the complex parameters of antenna by using MATLAB software.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>O presente trabalho trata de um assunto extremamente importante na vida de qualquer cidadÃo: MatemÃtica Financeira. No capÃtulo 1 à feita uma introduÃÃo juntamente com os objetivos e motivaÃÃes que provocaram a realizaÃÃo desse trabalho. Sendo o principal motivo e foco do nosso estudo a carÃncia de utilizaÃÃo, nos livros didÃticos, de tecnologias como facilitadoras de aprendizagem. No capÃtulo 2, falamos um pouco sobre a histÃria da moeda e consequentemente da MatemÃtica Financeira e tambÃm tratamos dos dois regimes de capitalizaÃÃo existentes: contÃnua e descontÃnua. Ao longo do capÃtulo 3, trabalhamos os dois tipos de regime de juros: simples e composto, e posteriormente descrevemos os tipos de taxas de juros. No capÃtulo 4, falamos sobre os tipos de descontos e no capÃtulo 5, estudamos as equivalÃncias de capitais, essencial para se entender, por exemplo, qual a melhor opÃÃo de compra (à vista ou a prazo). Em seguida, no capÃtulo 6, abordamos os sistemas de amortizaÃÃo, dando Ãnfase ao Sistema de AmortizaÃÃo Constante (SAC) e ao Sistema FrancÃs de amortizaÃÃo, conhecido tambÃm como Tabela Price. Posteriormente, no capÃtulo 7, analisamos alguns livros didÃticos e chegamos à conclusÃo que pouca atenÃÃo à dada à MatemÃtica Financeira e menor ainda ao uso de tecnologias. Isso embasa a nossa motivaÃÃo de propor, ao longo do capÃtulo 8, uma sugestÃo de metodologia utilizando tecnologias, a saber: calculadora simples, calculadora cientÃfica e planilha no LibreOffice Calc.<br>The present work is an extremely important issue in the life of every citizen: Financial Mathematics. Chapter 1 is an introduction along with the goals and motivations that led to the realization of this work. Being the main subject and focus of our study, the lack of use in textbooks, technologies as facilitators of learning. In Chapter 2, we talked a little about the history of money and hence Financial Mathematics and also treat the two-funded schemes exist: continuous and discontinuous. Throughout chapter 3, the two types of work arrangements interest: simple and compound, and then describe the types of interest rates. In Chapter 4, we talked about the types of discounts and Chapter 5, we study the equivalence of capital essential to understand, for example, what is the best option (spot or forward). Then, in Chapter 6, we cover the depreciation systems, emphasizing the Constant Amortization System (SAC) and the French system of amortization, also known as the Price Table. Later, in Chapter 7, we analyze some textbooks and concluded that little attention is paid to Financial Mathematics and less still to the use of technologies. This underlies our motivation to propose, along with Chapter 8, a suggested methodology using technologies, namely: simple calculator, scientific calculator and spreadsheet in LibreOffice Calc.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-08-28T19:49:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Revisão Dilermano V Regis.PDF: 739794 bytes, checksum: d08c982161f7e5a51c6e06ede504f527 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-28T19:49:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Revisão Dilermano V Regis.PDF: 739794 bytes, checksum: d08c982161f7e5a51c6e06ede504f527 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-11<br>O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma ferramenta que todos possuem, que é fácil de carregar e que portanto tem alcance popular. Nas primeiras seções apresenta-se algumas operações matemáticas elementares executadas com uma calculadora simples. Começa-se por estudar a operação de divisão de inteiros e como encontrar o resto na calculadora, como operar com frações em uma calculadora e responder na forma de fração, como encontrar a fração geratriz de uma dízima periódica ou ainda como extrair a raíz "n-ésima"de um número real. Para cada operação destas há a preocupação de se expôr também suas devidas aplicações e, quando necessário, de se realizar estudos matemáticos mais profundos como, por exemplo, no caso das congruências módulo m nas dízimas ou derivadas para raízes n-ésima. Em iterações com a adição, por exemplo, trabalha-se o uso adequado de algumas teclas para um procedimento rápido no estudo das progressões aritméticas, juro simples e funções polinomiais do 1o grau. Já na seção de iterações com o produto, propõe-se um estudo das progressões geométricas, funções exponenciais e juro composto. Iterando com as fórmulas de Maclaurin, veremos como é possível utilizar a calculadora simples para encontrar valores das funções trigonométricas circulares e hiperbólicas, bem como os valores dos logaritmos decimais e neperianos. Esse trabalho mostra ao leitor que pelo conhecimento matemático pode se otimizar a calculadora simples, responder questões que antes os cálculos ficariam apenas indicados, ganhar tempo nos cálculos e utilizar o tempo restante para melhor elaborar a estratégia de resolução, e demais vantagens que o leitor descobrirá.<br>Quero agradecer aos amigos, àqueles que o tempo separou mas as lembranças não, e de forma especial aos 29 novos amigos que o mestrado me proporcionou: Amanda, Viviane, Leozão, Hélio, Flávio, Carlos André, Fabão, Rogério, Marquinhos, Junior César, Paulo César, Edmaldo, Haniel, Simão, Leandro, Kadu, Frederico, Kariton, Marcão, Welington. Àqueles que foram além da amizade e se fizeram irmãos: Túlio, Robison, Alan, Hugo César, César Pereira, Leo Alcântara, Maradona, Eduardo Vasconcelos e Mateus. A esses devo meus reconhecimentos. A esses que leram ou ouviram com cuidado as primeiras versões, que opniram, corrigiram e criticaram, meus sinceros agradecimentos. Desejo agradecer de forma mais pessoal à minha família, pelo apoio incondicional, por me ouvirem mesmo quando nada entendiam. À Dagma e à Dalma pelas lições diárias de força e coragem; a minha esposa Juliana que conseguiu suportar a construção de um livro dentro de casa e por acreditar que eu conseguiria escrevê-lo. Meu maior agradecimento vai aos meus filhos: Priscila pelas horas ao telefone me ouvindo; Pedro, Mariana e Gabriel, pela correção ou reescrita de meu português, pelas brincadeiras, pelas partidas de futebol no vídeo game buscando aliviar meu cansaço, por me obrigarem a ir ao cinema ou por fazermos nada ao final dos meus dias de trabalho. Sem isto, e sem eles, eu não sobreviveria à escrita deste.

Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-04-19T15:43:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - José Edivam Bráz Santana.pdf: 4949774 bytes, checksum: e773da8cad6152e9fc914368556f0260 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-07-22T20:25:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - José Edivam Bráz Santana.pdf: 4949774 bytes, checksum: e773da8cad6152e9fc914368556f0260 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-07-22T20:26:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - José Edivam Bráz Santana.pdf: 4949774 bytes, checksum: e773da8cad6152e9fc914368556f0260 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-22T20:26:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - José Edivam Bráz Santana.pdf: 4949774 bytes, checksum: e773da8cad6152e9fc914368556f0260 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-22<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>This research work aimed to explore the conceptions on the use of Scientific Calculator and possibilities of this use in the process of mathematical solving problem. Is was done with students of a Middle School 3º Year class of a state school in the city of Afogados of Ingazeira, PE, between 2014 September to 2015 May. This is a qualitative research, based on, mainly, in the human perception and comprehension and the researcher himself is an instrument to observe the actions and contexts. The case study is the adopted study methodology, as it allows to portrait situations of real life, without lack of complexity and of its natural dynamics. We use as instruments for collecting the data participant observation, interviews (semi structured) with the class teacher and with the students of the case study and researcher notes. We started our research work with a Diagnostic Test, for choosing four of the students of the case study. After that, semi structured interviews were carried out, as one with the teacher class, aiming to identify their conceptions on the use of Scientific Calculator in Middle Level Mathematics class, and the other, with the same aims, with the four students of the case study. After that, we have done, with all the class, a Workshop, for presentation of Scientific Calculator. We have done six sessions of problem solving, three with the use of Scientific Calculator and three with this tool. In the end of the sessions of the problem solving a second interview was done with the students of the case study, in a way of identifying if the class teacher’s conceptions influences the students conceptions, as well as the possible change of conceptions during the process. The results show for a no use of calculator (even the basic one) in the classroom, by the Mathematics class teacher. The results also show for teaching and learning conceptions raised on traditional postures, not in order of students’ autonomy neither the use of essential technologies during their living in society. The students consider that the use of calculator does they mislearning how to do written calculus, made them depend to the machine, that they to calculate in a mechanical way. Another worry, for the students and the class teacher, is related to the calculator not be used in the ENEM and university exams. However, it is worth to mention, that today the exams (like ENEM) and university exams bring situations to evaluate competencies linked to argumentation, concepts and proprieties and not specifically calculus. So, it is not the fact of the use of calculator, itself, that will disturb the students, but the way it will be used. We hope that this research work contributes for a discussion about the issue and it may, in this way, also contributes for a better quality of Mathematics teaching/learning in our country.<br>A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo explorar as concepções sobre o uso da calculadora científica e possibilidades deste uso no processo de resolução de problemas matemáticos. Foi realizada com alunos de uma turma do 3º Ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola da rede estadual de ensino da cidade de Afogados da Ingazeira PE, no período de setembro/2014 a maio/2015. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, a qual se baseia, principalmente, na percepção e na compreensão humana e o próprio pesquisador é um instrumento ao observar ações e contextos. O estudo de caso é a metodologia de estudo adotada, pois permite retratar situações da vida real, sem prejuízo de sua complexidade e de sua dinâmica natural. Utilizamos como instrumentos de levantamento de dados a observação participante, entrevistas (semiestruturadas) com a professora regente da turma e com os alunos constituintes dos estudos de caso e diário de bordo do investigador. Iniciamos a pesquisa com a realização de um Teste Diagnóstico, para a escolha dos quatro alunos constituintes dos estudos de caso. Em seguida, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, sendo uma com a professora da turma, objetivando identificar as suas concepções sobre o uso da calculadora científica nas aulas de Matemática do Ensino Médio, bem como sobre a utilização da Metodologia de Resolução de Problemas e outra, com os mesmos objetivos, com os quatro alunos constituintes dos estudos de caso. Posteriormente, realizamos, com toda a turma, uma Oficina, para apresentação da calculadora científica. Subsequentemente, foram realizadas seis sessões de resolução de problemas, sendo as três primeiras sem o uso da calculadora científica, e as três seguintes, com a utilização desta ferramenta. Ao final das sessões de resolução de problemas, uma segunda entrevista foi realizada com os alunos constituintes dos estudos de caso, a fim de identificar até que ponto as concepções da professora da turma influencia as concepções dos alunos, bem como possíveis mudanças de concepções ocorridas no decorrer do processo. Os resultados apontam para uma não utilização da calculadora (nem mesmo a básica) na sala de aula, pela professora de Matemática da turma pesquisada. Os resultados apontam ainda para concepções de ensinar e aprender arraigadas a posturas tradicionais, não favorecendo a autonomia dos alunos nem o uso de tecnologias essenciais ao seu convívio em sociedade. Os alunos consideram que usar a calculadora faz com que desaprendam a fazer cálculos manuscritos, tornem-se dependentes da máquina, calculem mecanicamente. Outra preocupação, tanto dos alunos quanto da professora, é com relação ao fato de a calculadora não ser utilizada em ENEM e vestibulares. Entretanto, vale destacar que, atualmente, os concursos (como o ENEM) e vestibulares trazem situações que avaliam competências ligadas à argumentação, conceitos e propriedades e não especificamente ao cálculo. Assim, não é o fato do uso da calculadora, em si, que irá causar prejuízo aos alunos, mas a forma como esta será utilizada. Esperamos que este trabalho contribua para a discussão em torno do assunto e possa, dessa forma, também contribuir para uma melhoria da qualidade do ensino/aprendizagem da Matemática em nosso país.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:23:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Ronnylson Cesar de Oliveira Fonceca.pdf: 700940 bytes, checksum: bb0eee2beaed2f42c49e6e2e58a064a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-29<br>In this research, we observed the issues facing the use of the scientific calculator as well as the exploration of some features found only in this type of machine as the trigonometric ratios, exponential and logarithms for use in the classroom. This work arose from our concern in the classroom to try to show that mathematics can be crafted in a way to arouse the student's curiosity to develop their learning and, in this search, we realized that the calculator is a resource that can help with teaching and learning of mathematics focused on understanding and working with problem-solving activities. A literature-based works such as Albergaria and Ponte (2008), Borba (1999), Laureano and Medeiros (2008), Mercê (2008), Ponte and Cebola (2008), Selva and Borba (2010) was taken, among others, focused on the use of calculators as a tool to solve problems. The research was guiding question to know "so that teachers of secondary education, design and practice of mathematical problem solving activities using the scientific calculator." The overall goal is to understand how the calculator can be used as a pedagogical tool for teaching mathematics to solve problems in the classroom. Thus, we work with the proposal of a short course where teacher s research participants were able to share tips and experiences after implementation of activities in the classroom. We chose three cases for observation following some criteria of the research itself for each one to be a case study. The results obtained in this study indicate that teachers essentially accepted the job offer with the scientific calculator understanding the importance to emphasize an area of your routine classroom to implement activities that may be directed to the use of the calculator as a resource for classes.<br>Nesta pesquisa, buscamos observar as questões voltadas para o uso da calculadora científica bem como, a exploração de algumas funções presentes apenas nesse tipo de máquina como as razões trigonométricas, exponenciais e logaritmos para uso em sala de aula. Tal trabalho surgiu da nossa preocupação em sala de aula em tentar mostrar que a Matemática pode ser trabalhada de maneira a despertar no aluno a curiosidade para desenvolver o seu aprendizado e, nessa busca, percebemos que a calculadora é um recurso que pode contribuir com um ensino-aprendizagem de Matemática focada na compreensão e no trabalho com atividades de resolução de problemas. Foi feita uma revisão de literatura baseada em trabalhos como os de Albergaria e Ponte (2008), Borba (1999), Laureano e Medeiros (2008), Mercê (2008), Ponte e Cebola (2008), Selva e Borba (2010), entre outros, voltados para a utilização da calculadora como recurso para resolver problemas. A pesquisa teve como questão norteadora saber de que modo professores do Ensino Médio, concebem e praticam atividades de resolução de problemas matemáticos utilizando a calculadora científica . O objetivo geral é compreender como a calculadora pode ser utilizada como ferramenta pedagógica para o ensino de Matemática para a resolução de problemas em sala de aula. Desse modo, trabalhamos com a proposta de um minicurso onde os professores participantes da pesquisa puderam partilhar sugestões e experiências após a aplicação das atividades em sala de aula. Escolhemos três casos para a observação seguindo alguns critérios da própria pesquisa para cada um ser um estudo de caso. Os resultados obtidos nessa pesquisa indicam essencialmente que os professores aceitaram a proposta de trabalho com a calculadora científica compreendendo a importância de destacar um espaço de sua rotina em sala de aula para aplicar atividades que possam estar direcionadas para o uso da calculadora como recurso para as aulas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Sergio dos Santos Oliveira.pdf: 3420485 bytes, checksum: a83bd8f0798c199d29cbfdc9affea731 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-18<br>This paper had the objective of making a group of students from the fifth grade to build meaning to the fundamental operatorial rules with fractional numbers by using scientific calculators with fractional representation. With this in mind, we developed a sequence of teaching with four students of a public school located in the suburb of Belém-PA. We based our theories on the Theory of Didactic Situations (TDS) (Teoria das Situações Didáticas-TSD) and the Theory of Record of Semiotic Representation and the Didactic Engineering as methodology. The TDS helped us to elaborate, experiment and analyze the results of the sequence, while the Theory of Record of Semiotic Representation helped us to articulate among the figure and numeric records. In the analysis of the activities, we verified that the students after using the scientific calculator, they managed to verbalize and write rules to the addition and subtraction of fractional numbers with the same denominator to a multiplication of any fractional numbers and to the division of fractional numbers that presented not only the numerators but also the multiple denominators. However, the students managed not only by using the calculator to perceive the rules for the addition and division of any fractional numbers. We understand that the calculator allowed the students to search for relations and dot not treat the fractional numbers only as two natural numbers. We also should probably have related to other didactic resources so that they could have perceived the relations between numerators and denominators for the addition and subtraction operations<br>O presente trabalho teve por objetivo levar um grupo de estudantes do quinto ano do ensino fundamental a construir significado para as regras operatórias fundamentais com números fracionários a partir da utilização de calculadoras científicas com representação fracionária. Com esse intuito, desenvolvemos uma sequência de ensino com quatro alunos de uma escola pública situada na periferia de Belém/PA e como aporte teórico utilizamos a Teoria das Situações Didáticas (TSD) e a Teoria de Registros de Representação Semiótica, e a Engenharia Didática como metodologia. A TSD nos auxiliou na elaboração, experimentação e análise dos resultados da sequência, enquanto a Teoria de Registros de Representação Semiótica na articulação entre registros numéricos e figurais. Na análise das atividades verificamos que os alunos conseguiram, após a utilização da calculadora, verbalizar e escrever regras para a adição e subtração de números fracionários com mesmo denominador, para a multiplicação de quaisquer números fracionários e para a divisão de números fracionários que apresentavam tanto os numeradores, quanto os denominadores múltiplos. No entanto, não conseguiram, apenas utilizando a calculadora perceber as regras para a adição e divisão de números fracionários quaisquer. Entendemos que a calculadora permitiu que os alunos buscassem relações e não tratassem os números fracionários apenas como dois números naturais, mas faltou, provavelmente, relacioná-la a outros recursos didáticos para que percebessem as relações entre numeradores e denominadores para as operações de adição e subtração

Cloud computing enables independent end users and applications to share data and pooled resources, possibly located in geographically distributed Data Centers, in a fully transparent way. This need is particularly felt by scientific applications to exploit distributed resources in efficient and scalable way for the processing of big amount of data. This paper proposes an open so- lution to deploy a Platform as a service (PaaS) over a set of multi- site data centers by applying open source virtualization tools to facilitate operation among virtual machines while optimizing the usage of distributed resources. An experimental testbed is set up in Openstack environment to obtain evaluations with different types of TCP sample connections to demonstrate the functionality of the proposed solution and to obtain throughput measurements in relation to relevant design parameters.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2007.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Human resources budgeting at Sishen mine had been done, for as long as the researcher has been employed at the mine, according to history as well as according to the demands of the financial situation. Consequently, human resources shortages have been corrected by external labour which is often more expensive than internal labour. During the annual budgeting period when top management applies pressure to cut costs, the operations budget is easy to defend. With the help of Excel spreadsheets or maintenance management systems, maintenance managers can present strong arguments for not cutting the operations budget. Budget deficits are then easily corrected by means of negative adjustments to the human resources budget. This research will explore the issue of whether a tool exists to calculate the human resources budget scientifically. A target was set to develop a tool or model for human resources budgeting or to investigate whether such a tool does not already exist. A literature survey was done to determine world best practices regarding the calculation of human resources budgeting. The literature studied guided the researcher to a computerised maintenance management system (CMMS) and it was found that Sishen already has one of the best (SAP) in place. Sishen even has a process (Routine Work Management or RWM) in place which helps to get all maintenance information into SAP to make the necessary information available for effective maintenance. It was further found that SAP, which has been used by the mine for several years, can already provide the human resources requirements for any future period. The RWM process which helps to get information in and out of SAP has been in use for some time already. Unfortunately the process was poorly executed and the information is not reliable. This statement is supported by the internal (Kirstein, 2006) and external (Aurea, 2006) audits done at the mine during 2006. The external audit was done by Aurco (2006). The author concluded that Sishen has a tool but not a strategy to utilise RWM successfully. One of the reasons why RWM was poorly executed was the fact that there is a lack of support from the people in the workplace. These individuals claim that they were not consulted when RWM was introduced at the mine and as a result they did not buy in. A proper change management process was not followed and the employees suspected that RWM was implemented to play policeman or to measure how much spare time they have and reduce the workforce accordingly, as in the case of the Prometheus project. Consequently they admit to manipulating RWM's measured outcomes, ignoring it or deliberately undermining it. They added that RWM is easy to manipulate and perceived it as a farce by many of the participants, A decision was taken to use the Kotter change management process to run a project to get RWM to the required level. Kotter's eight steps for successful large-scale change can be utilised with great success to achieve the required changes. After a brainstorming session and from the recommendations of the two audits a list of ideas was compiled. These ideas should help to get RWM to a level where human resources requirements can be drawn from SAP for any period in the future. Although the research was aimed at getting human resources budgeting from SAP, it will also have other advantages. The ratio between planned and unplanned maintenance will be better because RWM will ensure better maintenance<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Mannekragbegroting op Sishen-myn is, vir solank die navorser deel is van die myn, gedoen volgens die behoeftes van die verlede asook volgens wat deur die finansiele situasie toegelaat is. Gevolglik het dit dikwels gebeur dat die tekorte aan mannekrag aangevul is met huurarbeid wat dikwels duurder is as eie mannekrag. Tydens die begrotingsrondte kan die geld wat aangevra word vir die instandhouding van die toerusting goed beveg word omdat die instandhoudingspersoneel waterdigte argumente kan aanvoer oor hoe die begroting bereken is. Begrotingstekorte word gevolglik maklik reggestel met negatiewe aanpassings op die mannekragbegroting. Hierdie studie gaan die bestaan ondersoek van 'n gereedskapstuk of model om die mannekragbegroting wetenskaplik te kan bereken. Daar is 'n doelwit gestel om 'n model te ontwikkel vir mannekragberekening of om vas te stel of daar nie reeds iets bestaan nie. 'n Literatuurstudie is gedoen om vas te stel wat wereldwye beste standaarde ten opsigte van mannekragberekening is. Dit het die navorser gelei na gerekenariseerde instandhoudingsbestuurstelsels (CMMS) en daar is bevind dat Sishen reeds een van die beste stelsels gebruik (SAP). Sishen het selfs 'n proses ("Routine Work Management" of RWM) om alle instandhoudingsinligting in SAP te kry sodat die regte inligting weer beskikbaar kan wees vir effektiewe instandhouding. Daar is verder bevind dat SAP, wat reeds vir verskeie jare in gebruik is, enige tydperk in die toekoms se mannekragbehoeftes kan bepaal. Die RWM-proses wat moet help om inligting in en uit SAP te kry, is ook reeds geruime tyd in gebruik, maar ten spyte daarvan word die proses afgewater en is die inligting nie betroubaar nie. Hierdie stelling is bewys deur middel van twee ouditte wat in 2006 op RWM gedoen is. Die een audit was 'n interne audit terwyl die ander deur die maatskappy Aurea gedoen is. Die afleiding kon dus gemaak word dat daar wel 'n gereedskapstuk is, maar dat geen strategie bestaan om dit effektief te gebruik nie. Een van die redes waarom RWM as 'n afgewaterde proses beskryf kan word, is 'n gebrek aan ondersteuning deur die mense in die werksplek. Die mense beweer dat hulle nie geken is ten tye van die bekendstelling van RWM nie en hulle het dus nie ingekoop nie. Die afleiding is gemaak dat daar nie goeie veranderingsbestuur toegepas is toe RWM aan die myn bekendgestel is nie. Die werknemers het vermoed dat RWM ingestel is om hulle te polisieer of te bepaal hoeveel vrye tyd hulle het en die werksmag dienooreenkomstig af te skaal, soos in die geval van die Prometheusprojek. Gevolglik het hulle erken dat hulle die RWM se uitkomste gemanipuleer het, dit geignoreer het, of doelbewus ondermyn het. Hulle het bygevoeg dat RWM maklik gemanipuleer kan word en dat baie dit as 'n klug beskou. Daar is besluit om die Kotter-model te gebruik om 'n projek te loods om RWM op die vereiste standaard te kry. Dit word as die geskikste model beskou om die nodige veranderingsbestuur toe te pas. 'n Lys van idees is opgestel na aanleiding van 'n dinkskrumsessie met die werknemers asook van voorstelle wat in die twee ouditverslae gemaak is. Herdie idees moet RWM in plek kry sodat mannekragbehoeftes vir enige tydperk in die toekoms vanuit SAP verkry kan word. Alhoewel die navorsing daarop gemik was om mannekragbegroting vanuit SAP te bekom, hou dit ook 'n ander voordeel in, naamlik 'n beter verhouding van beplande tot onbeplande instandhouding omdat goeie RWM-prosedures beter instandhouding en gevolglik beter beskikbaarheid gaan verseker.

Problems involving the minimization of functionals date back to antiquity. The mathematics of the calculus of variations has provided a framework for the analytical solution of a limited class of such problems. This paper describes a numerical approximation technique for obtaining machine solutions to minimal path problems. It is shown that this technique is applicable not only to the common case of finding geodesics on parameterized surfaces in R3, but also to the general case of finding minimal functionals on hypersurfaces in Rn associated with an arbitrary metric.

Many defects in physiological processes are due to free radical damage: reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals have been implicated in the parthenogenesis of cancer, diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. We herein characterize the phenyl-N-ter-butyl nitrone (PBN) type spin traps in conjunction with the most studied dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) type spin traps using the hydroxyl radical. In this study, theoretical calculations are carried out on the two main types of spin traps (DMPO and PBN) at the density functional theory level (DFT). The energies of the optimized structures, hyperfine calculations in gaseous and aqueous phases of the spin traps and the hydroxyl radical adduct are calculated at the B3LYP correlation and at the 6-31G (d) and 6-311G (2df, p) basis sets respectively. The dielectric effect on the performance of the spin trap is determined using the polarized continuum model. Calculations show a localization of spin densities in both cases. However, DMPO spin traps are shown to be more stable and more interactive in aqueous environment.

L'architecture de Civa (calculateurs interconnectés pour l'analyse numérique) et les migrations des données, en particulier des grandes matrices creuses, sont étudiées tout d'abord. Une modélisation en deux volets permet ensuite d'évaluer les performances de Civa: réseau de pétri détaillé pour étudier l'effet des synchronisations et le partage des ressources, et modèle simplifié, à files d'attente, pour les grandes configurations.

Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit s’articule en trois axes distincts. Dérivation de modèles mathématiques de phénomènes électrophysiologiques en cardiologie Nous utilisons des méthodes d'analyse asymptotique pour dériver un modèle simplifié à partir d'un modèle de tissu auriculaire tridimensionnel, tout en contrôlant l'erreur d'approximation. Ces méthodes ont permis de dériver un modèle bisurfacique qui permet de simuler des comportements tridimensionnels dans les oreillettes pour un coût numérique bidimensionnel afin d'étudier des phénomènes entrant en jeu lors d'arythmies auriculaires, tels que la dissociation électrique ou des hétérogénéités transmurales. La preuve de la convergence du modèle bisurfacique est apportée, et une stratégie d'optimisation du modèle en dehors du régime asymptotique est formalisée. Une méthode d’homogénéisation est également utilisée pour construire un modèle continu homogénéisé de l'activité des myocytes incluant le comportement non linéaire des gap junctions. Processus déclencheurs d'arythmie Des preuves de concepts de mécanismes arythmogènes sont apportées à l'aide de modèles numériques des veines pulmonaires. Le premier mécanisme repose sur un bloc de conduction unidirectionnel engendré par une discontinuité dans la structure fibreuse. Le second est basé sur une dynamique différente lors de la dépolarisation et de la repolarisation lorsque deux couches de fibres de directions différentes sont superposées. Perpétuation des arythmies auriculaires Un modèle bicouche des oreillettes est construit à partir d'une méthode semi-automatique de construction des fibres que nous avons développées. Nous étudions avec l'influence d'hétérogénéités transmurales de fibrose sur la perpétuation des arythmies. Plusieurs protocoles d'ablation sont ensuite testés. Enfin, une méthode de personnalisation du modèle auriculaire est formalisée<br>Three axes are explored.Derivation of mathematical models of electrophysiological phenomena applied to cardiology Asymptotic analysis methods allow to derive simplified models from three-dimensional complex atrial ones, while controlling approximation errors. We construct a bilayer surface model that allows to simulate three-dimensional phenomena for a bi-dimensional computational load, and to investigate 3D atrial patterns involved in atrial arrhythmia such as electrical dissociation or transmural heterogeneities. We prove the convergence of the bilayer model, and an optimization strategy to improve the model outside the asymptotic regime is formalised. Homogeneisation methods are also used to construct a homogenized continuous model of the electrical activity of the myocytes that includes the non linear behavior of gap junctions. Triggers of atrial arrhythmia Proofs of concept of arrhythmogenic mechanisms are given by using numerical models of the pulmonary veins. The first mechanism is based on a unidirectional conduction block triggered by a discontinuity of the fibre distribution. The second one comes from a different propagation pattern during the depolarization and the repolarization when two layer of fibres are superimposed. Atrial arrhythmia perpetuation A bilayer model of the atria is constructed from a semi automatic method that we developed. We investigate the influence of transmural heterogeneities of the distribution of fibrosis on the perpetuation of atrial arrhythmia. Several ablation protocols are assessed. Finally, a method of personalization of the model is given

The main purpose of the research was to investigate the influence of scientific calculators on Grade 8 South African learner's understanding of fractions in learning mathematics. Quasi-experimental quantitative research methods were used. A sampling frame was selected using non probability sampling technique. A total of 15 learners in each group were randomly selected for an experimental and control group for the study. Both groups were taught fraction concepts by different teachers for the same duration and at the same time. The experimental group used a calculator as a learning aid while the control group used the traditional paper pencil method. Two tasks (post-test and assignment) were administered to both groups and a questionnaire to the experimental group. The results indicated that the scientific calculator has a positive influence in learner's conceptual understanding of fractions in mathematics as reflected in their performance.<br>Mathematics Education<br>M. Ed. (Mathematics Education)

碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>理學院科技與數位學習學程<br>100<br>The purpose of this thesis is to study recently brand new physics topic with mathematical software. First of all, we introduce “fractal geometry” by representing the figures and discussing various generating methods. Also, we focus on the patterns of wave interference, in which we simulate the quasicrystal pattern. Secondly, we analyze spring pendulum without experiments and show the swing trajectories varied with initial conditions by the mathcad software only. Finally, we study the knot theory. We can generate many different and interesting knots with mathematical formulas. All the topics can be visualized with formulas and mathematical software.