Journal articles: 'Scientific data collection and graphing'

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Roth, Wolff-Michael. "Emergence of Graphing Practices in Scientific Research." Journal of Cognition and Culture 4, no. 3-4 (2004): 595–627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568537042484940.

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AbstractGraphing has long counted as one of the quintessential process skills that scientists apply independently of particular situations. However, recent expert/expert studies showed that when asked to interpret graphs culled from undergraduate courses of their own disciplines, scientists were far from perfect in providing interpretations that a course instructor would have accepted as correct. Drawing on five years of fieldwork, the present study was designed to investigate graphs and graph-related skills in scientific research. In addition to the fieldwork, a think-aloud protocol was used to elicit scientists' graph interpretations both on familiar and unfamiliar graphs. The analyses show that graph-related skills such as perceiving relevant graphical detail and interpreting the source of this detail emerge in the research process and are related to the scientists' increasing familiarity with a research object, instrumentation, and their understanding of the transformation process that turns raw data into graphs. When scientists do not know the natural object represented in a graph and are unfamiliar with the details of the corresponding data collection protocol, they often focus on graphical features that do not pertain to the phenomenon represented and therefore do not arrive at the correct interpretations. Based on these data, it is proposed that graphs are not only the outcomes of scientific research but also, in important ways, constitute representations that bear metonymic relations to the research context, most importantly to instrumentation, natural phenomenon, and the mathematical transformations used to produce the graphs from the raw data. I draw on the semantics of symbolic systems for articulating competencies and breakdowns in scientists' graphing-related practices.

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Harsh, Joseph A., and Mikaela Schmitt-Harsh. "Instructional Strategies to Develop Graphing Skills in the College Science Classroom." American Biology Teacher 78, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2016.78.1.49.

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Given the importance of succinctly communicating complex information, proficiency in graphing is a central element of scientific literacy. Evidence indicates that learners of all ages and levels of expertise have difficulties in displaying and reading visual data. Numerous studies have investigated the enactment of various activities to improve graphing in the college science classroom, but most of this work has focused on graphing difficulties and the implications of general instructional strategies as part of a semester-long curriculum. Few studies have discussed how specific interventions can be implemented to effectively hone graphing abilities. We evaluated (1) five key instructional features of an inquiry-oriented stream-ecology unit that consisted of data collection and graphing and (2) the unit's impact on non–science majors' analytical skills. Comparing pretest and posttest data, as well as a supplemental questionnaire, student responses demonstrated substantial positive impacts on graphing skills and attitudes toward graphing. The results also highlighted features of the unit that were considered successful. Although we a describe a particular stream-ecology activity, the framework and design features we present can be applied to other case studies and across disciplines.

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Swift, Mary L. "GraphPad Prism, Data Analysis, and Scientific Graphing." Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences 37, no. 2 (March 1997): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci960402j.

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Prentha, Abbas. "Peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis tertulis melalui pendekatan Saintifik pada materi trigonometri bagi Siswa Kelas X MAN 1 Flores Timur." AKSIOMA : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 12, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/aks.v12i1.5999.

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AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis tertulis siswa melalui pendekatan saintifik. Pelaksanaan tindakan kelas dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIA1 MAN Flores Timur berjumlah 32 siswa terdiri dari 13 laki-laki dan 19 perempuan. Pengumpulan data saat penelitian dilakukan dengan cara observasi, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan peneliti adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan komunikasi matematika melalui pendekatan saintifik dengan indikator 1) Menyatakan ide matematis melalui tulisan, gambar, grafik atau tabel sebelum 18,75% sesudah 87,5%, 2) Memahami, menafsirkan dan mengevaluasi ide-ide matematis yang disajikan secara tertulis sebelum 28,125% sesudah 84,375%, 3) Menghubungkan berbagai ide matematis yang disajikan secara tertulis menggunakan istilah-istilah atau symbol matematika secara tepat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika dengan langkah-langkah yang terstruktur sebelum 6,25% dan sesudah 75%. Dari tiap indikator terdapat peningkatan komunikasi matematika siswa dengan pendekatan saintifik bagi siswa kelas X MIA1 MAN Flores Timur.Kata kunci: komunikasi matematis, komunikasi matematis tertulis; pendekatan saintifik; perbandingan trigonometri AbstractThe study aims to improve students’ written mathematical communication skills through a scientific approach. Classroom action was carried out in two cycles. The subjects of this study were students of class X MIA1 MAN Flores Timur, totaling 32 students consisting of 13 men and 19 women. Data collection methods when research using observations, field notes, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used by researchers are data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The result showed an increase in mathematical communication through a scientific approach with indicators 1) Express mathematical ideas through writing, pictures, graphics or tables before 18.75% after 87.5%, 2) understanding, interpreting and evaluation mathematical ideas presented in the text previously 28.125% and after 84.375%, 3) connection mathematical ideas presented in writing using mathematical terms or symbols appropriately to solve the mathematical problem with structured steps before 6.25% after 75%. From each indicator, there is an increase in students’ mathematical communication with a scientific approach for students of class X MIA1 MAN Flores Timur.Keywords: mathematical communication; written mathematical communication; scientific approach; trigonometric comparison

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Edwards, Phillip M. "Origin 7.0: Scientific Graphing and Data Analysis Software." Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences 42, no. 5 (September 2002): 1270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci0255432.

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Pignolet-Brandom, S., and K. J. Reid. "Quantitative evaluation of materials by scanning electron microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 674–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100105436.

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QEM*SEM, or quantitative evaluation of materials by scanning electron microscopy, is a fully automated scanning electron microscope system that was designed and engineered by CSIRO in Australia for applications to the minerals industry. It is an integrated system in which the computer and its associated hardware and software control SEM operations. Minerals can be identified in point, linear or area scans. Depending on the type of scan, information is extracted from the data files and summarized in tables and graphs covering mineral abudances, associations, sizes, free surface area and the degree of liberation. In addition, area scans can be replayed on a graphics monitor to produce QEM*SEM mineral species maps.The QEM*SEM system consists of an International Scientific Instruments SX-40 scanning electron microscope with a specially designed sample chamber that permits 100 mm movement of the stage. The EDS units were designed for rapid collection of x-ray spectra and consist of four lithium drifted silicon detectors each with a separate preamplifier.

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Seifert, E. "OriginPro 9.1: Scientific Data Analysis and Graphing Software—Software Review." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 54, no. 5 (April 25, 2014): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci500161d.

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Tarasova, Nataliya, and Tatyana Panyukova. "Semantics and Ideography of Dostoevsky's Handwritten Text: from Handwriting to Meaning." Неизвестный Достоевский 7, no. 4 (December 2020): 222–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j10.art.2020.5081.

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The paper analyzes the material from two workbooks (1864–1867) that belonged to Feodor Dostoevsky (Russian State Archive of Literature and Art. Collection 212, inventory 1, storage units 4 and 5). The research was conducted in three main areas: selection of information for the letter style alphabet; comparative analysis of sources (manuscripts and publications of handwritten text) for the purpose of identifying and correcting errors in its reading; a review of calligraphy and graphics of Feodor Dostoevsky. The alphabet of letter styles allows to establish typical and atypical letter styles in the handwriting of Feodor Dostoevsky. This made it possible to compile a classification of letters, describe their features, and use this information in the study of difficult-to-read and previously undecipherable records. The latter may contain valuable information that allows to clarify the facts in the creative history of the works of Feodor Dostoevsky, biographical information, chronology of the creative process, and so on. The second area of research includes the comparative analysis of manuscript sources and their published versions — is of particular value for ascertaining the original author's text and eliminating the inaccuracies of research interpretations that often appear in the process of manuscript publishing. There is a direct connection between these areas of analysis — the letter style alphabet is a tool that allows to read the handwritten text more accurately and correct the mistakes of the publishers. The third direction, dedicated to the study of calligraphy, expands the range of tasks related to the study of graphics in the writer's texts and allows to draw preliminary conclusions about the nature of its function in the handwritten text. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the systematization of data on the writer's handwriting in manuscripts of the specified period, on the features of his creative work, and in correcting the errors made by publishers of handwritten materials and restoring the true meaning of the author's notes. The practical value of the work consists in collecting information about the writer's handwriting, which is relevant for the textual analysis of his works, publication of his texts, and use of the collected information for subsequent scientific work.

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Lee, Mi Yeon. "Using Weather to Teach Graphing." Teaching Children Mathematics 21, no. 4 (November 2014): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/teacchilmath.21.4.0249.

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This multipurpose activity can be used in STEM education with elementary school students to reinforce scientific concepts of such weather components as temperature, precipitation, clouds, and wind by integrating manipulation of online apps (technology), knowledge of graphing and data analysis (mathematics), and creation of a wind vane (engineering). iSTEM: Integrating Science Technology Engineering in the Mathematics authors share ideas and activities that stimulate student interest in the integrated fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) in K—grade 6 classrooms.

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Mittag, Kathleen Cage, and Sharon Taylor. "Activities for Students: As the Ball Rolls: A Quadratic Investigation Using Multiple Representations." Mathematics Teacher 103, no. 1 (August 2009): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.103.1.0062.

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Using activities to create and collect data is not a new idea. Teachers have been incorporating real-world data into their classes since at least the advent of the graphing calculator. Plenty of data collection activities and data sets exist, and the graphing calculator has made modeling data much easier. However, the authors were in search of a better physical model for a quadratic. We wanted students to see an actual parabola take shape in real time and then explore its characteristics, but we could not find such a hands-on model.

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Mittag, Kathleen Cage, and Sharon Taylor. "Activities for Students: As the Ball Rolls: A Quadratic Investigation Using Multiple Representations." Mathematics Teacher 103, no. 1 (August 2009): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.103.1.0062.

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Using activities to create and collect data is not a new idea. Teachers have been incorporating real-world data into their classes since at least the advent of the graphing calculator. Plenty of data collection activities and data sets exist, and the graphing calculator has made modeling data much easier. However, the authors were in search of a better physical model for a quadratic. We wanted students to see an actual parabola take shape in real time and then explore its characteristics, but we could not find such a hands-on model.

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Marcus, W. Andrew, James E. Meacham, Justin T. Menke, Aleathea Y. Steingisser, and Ann E. Rodman. "Atlas of Yellowstone, 2nd Edition: Celebrating 150 Years of the World’s First National Park, 1872–2022." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-238-2019.

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Abstract. The Second Edition of the Atlas of Yellowstone will celebrate the 150-year history of the world’s first national park – and reflect on the future of Yellowstone and its evolving place in the world. Like the first Atlas of Yellowstone published in 2012, the Second Edition will provide a comprehensive view of the human and natural setting of Yellowstone National Park. Also like the First Edition, the new edition will portray variations over space and time, explore human-nature interactions throughout the region, document connections of Yellowstone to the rest of the world, and &ndash; ultimately &ndash; guide the reader to a deeper appreciation of Yellowstone.Beyond that, the new edition will provide much expanded coverage of the park’s history. Readers will better understand the many different ways in which the creation of Yellowstone National Park has preserved and altered the landscapes and ecology of Yellowstone and conservation thought and practice, both locally and around the world.The new atlas will also reflect advances in scientific data collection, knowledge, and insight gained since publication of the first edition. New topic pages will address key management issues ranging from increased visitor impact to wildlife disease to light pollution. In addition, many of the 850 existing graphics will be updated, reimagined, or replaced by new graphics that capture the remarkable wealth of data that has become available since the First Edition. Whether it be tracking of individual wolves, ecosystem imagery from space, or detailed visitor surveys &ndash; new data provide insights that could not be graphically displayed before.The Second Edition celebrates 150 years of America’s best idea and what that has meant to the world. The significance of Yellowstone National Park to conservation, scholarship, and the human experience is enormous, and deserves a volume that captures that importance.

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Rizzi, Gleides A. L. "Target, Act, Graph (TAG): Teachers Empowering Classroom Resource Personnel in Monitoring Student Progress." Rural Special Education Quarterly 35, no. 4 (December 2016): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875687051603500405.

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This article provides teachers in rural settings with suggestions on how to engage classroom resource personnel (i.e., volunteers, instructional assistants) in monitoring students' achievement. The target, act, and graph (TAG) strategy offers rural special educators ways to empower classroom resource persons through training and use of the TAG Form. The TAG Form provides a comprehensive and easy-to-use snapshot of learner's needs, a data-collection reporting section, and a graphing tool. The three-step TAG Form implementation process is suggested for rural special educators' engagement of classroom resource personnel in recording and graphing the progress of rural students with exceptionalities towards their educational goals.

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Bratton, George N. "The Role of Technology in Introductory Statistics Classes." Mathematics Teacher 92, no. 8 (November 1999): 666–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.92.8.0666.

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Giving today's students statistically capable technology, that is, computer software or a statistics-enhanced graphing calculator, can allow courses to reflect statistical practice. In such courses, students work individually or in small groups, plan and perform data collection, and rely on technology to perform the mathematics of data analysis. Such an approach allows emphasis on the conceptual basis of probability and data analysis.

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Ault, Melinda Jones, David L. Gast, Mark Wolery, and Patricia Munson Doyle. "Data Collection and Graphing Method for Teaching Chained Tasks with the Constant Time Delay Procedure." TEACHING Exceptional Children 24, no. 2 (January 1992): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004005999202400207.

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Haine, Dana Brown. "The Exposome: Making Chemical Exposures Relevant to Biology Instruction." American Biology Teacher 80, no. 8 (October 1, 2018): 600–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2018.80.8.600.

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“Investigating the Exposome: Vinyl Chloride Exposure, DNA Damage & Repair” is a data interpretation and graphing activity that provides students a relevant context in which to explore and refine what they know about DNA structure and function, mutation, DNA repair, and cancer formation. The activity utilizes published scientific data and invites students to assess the impact of exposure to vinyl chloride on DNA in an effort to introduce them to the concept of the exposome and engage them in this exciting field of scientific research.

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Cavalcanti, Virgínia C., Maria I. de Santana, Alana E. F. Da Gama, and Walter F. M. Correia. "Usability Assessments for Augmented Reality Motor Rehabilitation Solutions: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Computer Games Technology 2018 (November 1, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5387896.

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This article aims to understand which methods and user assessment approaches are most commonly used in motor rehabilitation studies that use Augmented Reality (AR) applications. The way in which this was performed and discussed was through a systematic review of the area. Firstly, the different uses of AR in these treatments, and the importance of improving usability studies to evaluate these interfaces and their interactions with their users, were discussed. Then, the systematic review of the literature was structured according to previous studies and covered the period from 2007 to September 2017, using the main scientific journals of the area. Of the 666 results collected in the initial search, 32 articles were selected within the planned requirements and scope. These publications were classified by relevance, using the QualSyst evaluation tool for health technology research, and the type of evaluation, approach, and methods used were catalogued. It was found that most of the studies prioritise methods of data collection, such as task execution and performance analysis. However, through QualSyst, it was verified that the best-evaluated studies chose to use a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis, through the application of methods such as user preference questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The results presented in this review may benefit designers who intend to design and conduct usability assessments for AR within this context.

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Ali, Jonathan M., Krystal MK Herrmann, Mariah J. Rakestraw, and Alan S. Kolok. "Citizen-based scientific data collection: Fact or fiction?" Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 12, no. 2 (March 27, 2016): 400–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1750.

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Banfi, Fabrizio. "HBIM, 3D drawing and virtual reality for archaeological sites and ancient ruins." Virtual Archaeology Review 11, no. 23 (July 8, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.12416.

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Data collection, documentation and analysis of the traces of ancient ruins and archaeological sites represent an inestimable value to be handed down to future generations. Thanks to the development of new technologies in the field of computer graphics, Building Information Modelling (BIM), Virtual Reality (VR) and three-dimensional (3D) digital survey, this research proposes new levels of interactivity between users and virtual environments capable of communicating the tangible and intangible values of remains of ancient ruins. In this particular field of development, 3D drawing and digital modelling are based on the application of new Scan-to-HBIM-to-VR specifications capable of transforming simple points (point clouds) into mathematical models and digital information. Thanks to the direct application of novel grades of generation (GOG) and accuracy (GOA) it has been possible to go beyond the creation of complex models for heritage BIM (HBIM) and explore the creation of informative 3D representation composed by sub-elements (granular HBIM objects) characterized by a further level of knowledge. The value of measurement, 3D drawing and digital modelling have been investigated from the scientific point of view and oriented to the generation of a holistic model able to relate both with architects, engineers, and surveyors but also with archaeologists, restorers and virtual tourists.Highlights:<ul><li>The concept of ‘granular HBIM objects’ is introduced to show the unexpressed potential of the scan-to-BIM process for different types of data analyses and uses.</li><li>Sustainable development of VR projects for archaeological sites is proposed, allowing users to discover the hidden historical values with new levels of interactivity and information.</li><li>HBIM and VR projects have been improved through the integration of laser scanning, digital photogrammetry (terrestrial and UAV) and advanced modelling techniques.</li></ul>

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Angra, Aakanksha, and Stephanie M. Gardner. "Reflecting on Graphs: Attributes of Graph Choice and Construction Practices in Biology." CBE—Life Sciences Education 16, no. 3 (September 2017): ar53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.16-08-0245.

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Undergraduate biology education reform aims to engage students in scientific practices such as experimental design, experimentation, and data analysis and communication. Graphs are ubiquitous in the biological sciences, and creating effective graphical representations involves quantitative and disciplinary concepts and skills. Past studies document student difficulties with graphing within the contexts of classroom or national assessments without evaluating student reasoning. Operating under the metarepresentational competence framework, we conducted think-aloud interviews to reveal differences in reasoning and graph quality between undergraduate biology students, graduate students, and professors in a pen-and-paper graphing task. All professors planned and thought about data before graph construction. When reflecting on their graphs, professors and graduate students focused on the function of graphs and experimental design, while most undergraduate students relied on intuition and data provided in the task. Most undergraduate students meticulously plotted all data with scaled axes, while professors and some graduate students transformed the data, aligned the graph with the research question, and reflected on statistics and sample size. Differences in reasoning and approaches taken in graph choice and construction corroborate and extend previous findings and provide rich targets for undergraduate and graduate instruction.

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Joseph, Laurice M., Laura A. Kastein, Moira Konrad, Paula E. Chan, Mary T. Peters, and Virginia A. Ressa. "Collecting and Documenting Evidence." Intervention in School and Clinic 50, no. 2 (June 4, 2014): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1053451214536043.

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The ongoing collection and documentation of evidence of students’ performance in the classroom is a fundamental component of formative instructional practices, essential for ensuring student success. Multiple methods of collecting and documenting evidence of students’ academic performance in the classroom are described. These methods include direct behavioral observations, evaluation rubrics, recording devices, general curriculum-based outcome measures, goal attainment scaling, and graphing performance. A discussion of how teachers can use data derived from these assessment methods to make instructional decision is provided.

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Harsh, Joseph A., Molly Campillo, Caylin Murray, Christina Myers, John Nguyen, and Adam V. Maltese. "“Seeing” Data Like an Expert: An Eye-Tracking Study Using Graphical Data Representations." CBE—Life Sciences Education 18, no. 3 (September 2019): ar32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.18-06-0102.

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Given the centrality of data visualizations in communicating scientific information, increased emphasis has been placed on the development of students’ graph literacy—the ability to generate and interpret data representations—to foster understanding of domain-specific knowledge and the successful navigation of everyday life. Despite prior literature that identifies student difficulties and methods to improve graphing competencies, there is little understanding as to how learners develop these skills. To gain a better resolution of the cognitive basis by which individuals “see” graphs, this study uses eye tracking (ET) to compare the strategies of non–science undergraduates ( n = 9), early ( n = 7) and advanced ( n = 8) biology undergraduates, graduate students ( n = 6), and science faculty ( n = 6) in making sense of data displays. Results highlight variation in how individuals direct their attention (i.e., fixations and visual search patterns) when completing graph-based tasks as a function of science expertise. As research on the transition from novice to expert is crucially important in understanding how we might design curricula that help novices move toward more expert-like performance, this study has implications for the advancement of new strategies to aid the teaching and learning of data analysis skills.

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Tylissanakis, Giorgos, and Yiannis Cotronis. "Nonintrusive collection and management of data provenance in scientific workflows." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 24, no. 18 (January 10, 2012): 2268–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.2809.

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Englander, Magnus. "The Interview: Data Collection in Descriptive Phenomenological Human Scientific Research." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 43, no. 1 (2012): 13–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156916212x632943.

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Abstract In this article, interviewing from a descriptive, phenomenological, human scientific perspective is examined. Methodological issues are raised in relation to evaluative criteria as well as reflective matters that concern the phenomenological researcher. The data collection issues covered are 1) the selection of participants, 2) the number of participants in a study, 3) the interviewer and the questions, and 4) data collection procedures. Certain conclusions were drawn indicating that phenomenological research methods cannot be evaluated on the basis of an empiricist theory of science, but must be critiqued from within a phenomenological theory of science. Some reflective matters, experienced by the phenomenological researcher, are also elaborated upon.

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Raaijmakers, Hans, and Musa Sani. "Thermo Scientific™ Multigrid: Automation enhanced screening and data collection." Microscopy and Microanalysis 27, S1 (July 30, 2021): 3264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927621011247.

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Small, Christine J., and Kiersten N. Newtoff. "Integrating Quantitative Skills in Introductory Ecology: Investigations of Wild Bird Feeding Preferences." American Biology Teacher 75, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2013.75.4.8.

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Undergraduate biology education is undergoing dramatic changes, emphasizing student training in the “tools and practices” of science, particularly quantitative and problem-solving skills. We redesigned a freshman ecology lab to emphasize the importance of scientific inquiry and quantitative reasoning in biology. This multi-week investigation uses observations of avian form and function and an extensive student-generated data set to introduce hypothesis testing, experimental design, and biological statistics. Research groups compare feeding preferences (location and seed selection) between selected species of wild birds, evaluating their findings quantitatively through descriptive statistics, graphing, and data analysis, and ecologically through comparisons of species biology and natural history.

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Cappello, Franck, Sheng Di, Sihuan Li, Xin Liang, Ali Murat Gok, Dingwen Tao, Chun Hong Yoon, Xin-Chuan Wu, Yuri Alexeev, and Frederic T. Chong. "Use cases of lossy compression for floating-point data in scientific data sets." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 33, no. 6 (July 9, 2019): 1201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342019853336.

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Architectural and technological trends of systems used for scientific computing call for a significant reduction of scientific data sets that are composed mainly of floating-point data. This article surveys and presents experimental results of currently identified use cases of generic lossy compression to address the different limitations of scientific computing systems. The article shows from a collection of experiments run on parallel systems of a leadership facility that lossy data compression not only can reduce the footprint of scientific data sets on storage but also can reduce I/O and checkpoint/restart times, accelerate computation, and even allow significantly larger problems to be run than without lossy compression. These results suggest that lossy compression will become an important technology in many aspects of high performance scientific computing. Because the constraints for each use case are different and often conflicting, this collection of results also indicates the need for more specialization of the compression pipelines.

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Suh, Jennifer, and Kerri Fulginiti. "Using Technology to Understand Rate of Change." Teaching Children Mathematics 18, no. 1 (August 2011): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/teacchilmath.18.1.0056.

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The following series of learning activities are from an afterschool math club called Go Go Gizmos that focuses on modeling mathematics with the use of technologies. This account describes how a classroom teacher and a math educator taught and assessed students' understanding of the rate of change using a variety of technologies. In particular, we chose data collection probeware called Go!Motion, which is a stand-alone motion-data-collection device from Vernier that sends data to the computer for analysis and simulation applets from http://explorelearning.com. The Go!Motion device can be connected to a computer and displays an interactive real-time spreadsheet with graphing capabilities. The objectives in the unit were for students to investigate physical representations of slope as a rate of change in mathematics and as velocity in science and the y-intercept as the initial condition, or starting position. In these investigations, students and teachers become partners in developing mathematical ideas and solving math problems (NCTM 2000).

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Scholliers, Annelies, Dimitri De Fré, Inge D’haese, and Stefan Gogaert. "The Impact of the New European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) on Data Collection at Mass Gatherings." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19003042.

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Introduction:As of May 2018, a new European privacy law called the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is in order. With this law, every organization operating in the European Union (EU), needs to adhere to a strict set of rules concerning collection and processing of personal data.Aim:To explore the consequences of the GDPR for data collection at mass gatherings in the European Union.Methods:Since the law was published on April 27, 2016, a thorough reading of the law was conducted by 4 persons with a background in mass gathering health. The GDPR consists of 99 articles organized into 11 chapters. There are also 173 recitals to further explain certain ambiguities. Key articles and recitals relating to healthcare and scientific research were identified. Possible pitfalls and opportunities for data collection and processing at mass gatherings were noted.Discussion:Under article 4, key definitions are noted. There is a clear definition of “data concerning health”. According to the GDPR, health data is a special category of personal data which should not be processed according to article 9(1). However, there is an exception for scientific research (article 9(2)(j)). There are a few safeguards in place, as laid out in article 89. One interesting point is that according to article 89(2), certain derogations can take place if the law interferes with scientific research. The GDPR has major consequences for data collection and processing in the EU. However, with the use of certain safeguards (e.g., pseudonymization) there are still ample opportunities for scientific research. It is important to review one’s method of data collection to make sure it complies with the GDPR.

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Marsh, Julia, Jenine Loesing, and Marilyn Soucie. "Math by the Month: Electing a President." Teaching Children Mathematics 11, no. 3 (October 2004): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.11.3.0144.

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The “Math by the Month” activities are designed to engage students to think like mathematicians. Students may work on the activities individually or in small groups, or they may be used with the whole class as problems of the week. No solutions are suggested so that students will look to themselves for mathematical justification, thereby developing the confidence to validate their work. This month's activities are focused on the upcoming presidential election. Students will explore measurement, graphing, data collection, predictions, number sense, and operations. Providing time to discuss each problem will give students the opportunity to exchange ideas about their findings and allow them to clarify their thinking and verify their reasoning

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Jackson, David F., Billie Jean Edwards, and Carl F. Berger. "The Design of Software Tools for Meaningful Learning by Experience: Flexibility and Feedback." Journal of Educational Computing Research 9, no. 3 (August 1993): 413–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/n8he-yma5-8ap6-cac1.

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Experience in using commercially available software to teach students about principles of graphical data analysis suggests that several critical design modifications are advisable. In a quasi-experimental study, three different versions of an original graphing program were used by inner-city high school students solving scientific data analysis problems. A version incorporating “coaching” feedback into a highly flexible interface was found to be significantly superior to either an “open” version giving no extrinsic feedback or a “restrictive” one that disabled program options whose use was deemed inappropriate based on the data analysis context. As an illustration of one of the graph-based critical thinking skills developed by the students, results are presented as contrasting pairs of graphs in which one is designed to emphasize, and the other to downplay, the effects/of interface design, gender, and their interactions.

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Das, Marcel. "Innovation in Online Data Collection for Scientific Research: The Dutch MESS Project." Methodological Innovations Online 7, no. 1 (April 2012): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4256/mio.2012.002.

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Zaitsev, Boris A. "Estimate of Hyperconjugation Strength in Alkylaromatics and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Derived from Refractometric Data." Current Organic Chemistry 23, no. 23 (January 9, 2020): 2598–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272823666191108100747.

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: A retrospective view of exaltation of refraction observed for many unsaturated and aromatic compounds demonstrates that this physical phenomenon is undeservedly considered only as a qualitative measure of conjugation. This mini-review discusses numerous papers by the author that have been published earlier in inaccessible periodicals and collections of scientific papers. Using a great number of illustrations, the author shows that this parameter can be successfully used for quantitative estimate of resonance effects in organic and polymer chemistry. The methods for derivation of strictly additive atomic and group refraction constants are described; these constants were subsequently used as a tool that allowed quantitative estimation of resonance effects in mono-, di-, tri- and polyalkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, some alkyl derivatives of unsaturated hydrocarbons. These effects cause strictly fixed increase in refraction of carbon atoms in different structural modifications (graphene, fullerene, diamond) and in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The relevant results regarding quantitative estimation of degree of steric inhibition of resonance in sterically hindered ortho-dialkylbenzenes, 1,2,3- trialkyl-, 1,2,3,4-tetraalkyl-, and 1,2,3,4,5-polyalkylbenzenes accumulated by the author are summarized.

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Heine, John N. "Scientific Diving Techniques." Marine Technology Society Journal 34, no. 4 (January 1, 2000): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.34.4.4.

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Many innovations in diving training, equipment, and design, modification, and fabrication of scientific equipment for use underwater have been developed over the past few decades. Scientific diving has pioneered or utilized techniques for marking and mapping sites, making geological collections, collecting physical oceanographic data, conducting archaeological investigations, and many types of biological experiments, including estimation of benthic populations and fish communities.Scientific divers have also found many useful applications for underwater photographic and videographic cameras, quadrats and transect tapes, devices for collecting, tagging, and caging organisms, data collection and recordkeeping, and site-marking using epoxies and cements, drilling, and handling chemicals underwater.

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Baker, Karen S., Ruth E. Duerr, and Mark A. Parsons. "Scientific Knowledge Mobilization: Co-evolution of Data Products and Designated Communities." International Journal of Digital Curation 10, no. 2 (May 12, 2016): 110–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v10i2.346.

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Digital data are accumulating rapidly, yet issues relating to data production remain unexamined. Data sharing efforts in particular are nascent, disunited and incomplete. We investigate the development of data products tailored for diverse communities with differing knowledge bases. We explore not the technical aspects of how, why, or where data are made available, but rather the socio-scientific aspects influencing what data products are created and made available for use. These products differ from compact data summaries often published in journals. We report on development by a national data center of two data collections describing the changing polar environment. One collection characterizes sea ice products derived from satellite remote sensing data and development unfolds over three decades. The second collection characterizes the Greenland Ice Sheet melt where development of an initial collection of data products over a period of several months was informed by insights gained from earlier experience. In documenting the generation of these two collections, a data product development cycle supported by a data product team is identified as key to mobilizing scientific knowledge. The collections reveal a co-evolution of data products and designated communities where community interest may be triggered by events such as environmental disturbance and new modes of communication. These examples of data product development in practice illustrate knowledge mobilization in the earth sciences; the collections create a bridge between data producers and a growing number of audiences interested in making evidence-based decisions.

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Kavroudakis, D., N. Soulakellis, K. Topouzelis, S. Chatzistamatis, C. Vasilakos, A. Papakostantinou, G. Tataris, et al. "EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS APPROACHES IN SPATIAL DATA COLLECTION OF VRISA AFTER LESVOS EARTHQUAKE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W4 (March 6, 2018): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w4-277-2018.

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Abstract. Efficient and effective spatial data collection is crucial in cases of catastrophic events. Resources efficiency and project effectiveness are two aspects that need special attention especially when there are spatial and temporal constraints. There is limited literature regarding efficiency and effectiveness in spatial data collection approaches. This work elaborates on the collection of spatially-aware data from a diverse scientific group of teams after the catastrophic earthquake of Mw&thinsp;=&thinsp;6.3 in Vrisa village, Lesvos island in Greece in June 2017. More specific we deal with challenges faced by six teams of experts (Topographic team, House conditions data collection team, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle team, 3D Laser Scanner team, Photogrammetry team and Privacy team). The scientific teams had to collect accurate spatial data for the same area, during a period of 20 days after the earthquake. That was a challenging task due to restrictions in the area and complexity/diversity of spatial data. We present the methodological approaches followed for efficient and effective data-capturing, and we propose a framework of team/data management under concurrent data collection by scientific teams after catastrophic events such as earthquakes.

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Frisz, Chris, Geoffrey Brown, and Samuel Waggoner. "Assessing Migration Risk for Scientific Data Formats." International Journal of Digital Curation 7, no. 1 (March 9, 2012): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v7i1.212.

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The majority of information about science, culture, society, economy and the environment is born digital, yet the underlying technology is subject to rapid obsolescence. One solution to this obsolescence, format migration, is widely practiced and supported by many software packages, yet migration has well known risks. For example, newer formats – even where similar in function – do not generally support all of the features of their predecessors, and, where similar features exist, there may be significant differences of interpretation.There appears to be a conflict between the wide use of migration and its known risks. In this paper we explore a simple hypothesis – that, where migration paths exist, the majority of data files can be safely migrated leaving only a few that must be handled more carefully – in the context of several scientific data formats that are or were widely used. Our approach is to gather information about potential migration mismatches and, using custom tools, evaluate a large collection of data files for the incidence of these risks. Our results support our initial hypothesis, though with some caveats. Further, we found that writing a tool to identify “risky” format features is considerably easier than writing a migration tool.

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Kovačić-Popović, Anita. "Scientific method as the foundation of scientific research." International Review, no. 1-2 (2021): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/intrev2102013k.

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The methodology deals with the methods of acquiring scientific knowledge, i.e. all aspects of scientific research as a method of gaining scientific knowledge about phenomena and processes. Scientific method enables gaining scientific knowledge by applying a series of principles, rules and procedures. Every research includes several general scientific methods. Hypothetical-deductive scientific method of acquiring knowledge and modeling method characterize empirical research, while comparative and analytical-deductive methods are applied in theoretical research. It is impossible to carry out research without a data collection method. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely define the methods, techniques and instruments that will be applied in research to gain new scientific knowledge.

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Rahmatulloh, Alam, and Rohmat Gunawan. "Web Scraping with HTML DOM Method for Data Collection of Scientific Articles from Google Scholar." Indonesian Journal of Information Systems 2, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/ijis.v2i2.3029.

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Google Scholar is a web-based service for searching a broad academic literature. Various types of references can be accessed such as: peer-reviewed papers, theses, books, abstracts and articles from academic publishers, professional communities, pre-printed data centers, universities and other academic organizations. Google Scholar provides the profile creation feature of every researcher, expert and lecturer. Quantity of publication from an academic institution along with detailed data on the publication of scientific articles can be accessed through Google Scholar. A recap of the publication of scientific articles of each researcher in an institution or organization is needed to determine the research performance collectively. But the problems that occur, the unavailability of recap services for publishing scientific articles for each researcher in an institution or organization. So that the scientific article publication data can be utilized by academic institutions or organizations, this research will take data from Google Scholar to make a recap of scientific article publication data by applying web scraping technology. Implementation of web scraping can help to take the available resources on the web and the results can be utilized by other applications. By doing web scraping on Google Scholar, collective scientific article publication data can be obtained. So that the process of making scientific publications data recap can be done quickly. Experiments in this study have succeeded in taking 236 researchers data from Google Scholar, with 9 attributes, and 2,420 articles.

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Woodward, Beverly. "Medical Record Confidentiality and Data Collection: Current Dilemmas." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 25, no. 2-3 (1997): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1997.tb01884.x.

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All scientific activity involves some method of observation and some method of recording what is observed. These activities can be carried out in ways that involve little interaction between subject and object, as is the case when a telescope observes a far-away star. At the other end of the scale are experiments in modern high energy physics in which there is little distinction between the observer and the observed, and the process of observation materially affects the data that are recorded. In this regard, research on human phenomena resembles modern physics more than it does classical astronomy.Research on human phenomena, however, differs from modern physics in the way in which it affects that which is observed. Both the procedures and the findings of research on human phenomena alter the modes of thinking and the self-awareness of the (human) objects of study.

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Carmo, Juliana Rabelo do, and Cláudia Maria Pinho de Abreu Pecegueiro. "University scientific knowledge organization." Brazilian Journal of Information Science 5, no. 2 (November 2, 2012): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/1981-1640.2011.v5n2.08.p88.

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The scientific knowledge at UFMA justifies the organization process in the Programa Institucional de Bolsas para Iniciação Científica (PIBIC) archive that aims to let produced scientific documents available so the Institutional Repository can use them. It uses the description research methodology in data collection. It deals with document as information holder and representation. It shows meanings, objectives, archive function and emphasizes the necessity of letting documents available and its virtual ease. It describes the collection, analyzes its composition and describes the archive organization process of PIBIC at the Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA). It defines institutional memory based on some authors, emphasizing the importance of preservation of the Institution documents. It clears the Institutional Repository as scientific production medium and concludes by indicating that the UFMA Institutional Repository is an effective tool to make the PIBIC scientific production archives.

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Taagepera, Rein. "Science walks on two legs, but social sciences try to hop on one." International Political Science Review 39, no. 1 (June 8, 2017): 145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512116682185.

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Science walks on two legs. One leg consists of asking: How things are? This leads to observation, measurement, graphing, and statistical description. The other leg consists of asking: How things should be, on logical grounds? This leads to logical models that should become quantitatively predictive. Science largely consists of such models, tested with data. Developed science establishes not only connections among individual factors but also connections among these connections. As an illustration, I use laws about human activity I have found. But social sciences often take the lazy road of fitting raw data with a straight line or some fashionable format, unaware of the need to think and build models based on logic, as stressed by Karl Deutsch. As expounded in my Making Social Sciences More Scientific (2008) and Logical Models and Basic Numeracy in Social Sciences, www.psych.ut.ee/stk/Beginners_Logical_Models.pdf , I call for a major widening in social science methodology.

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Supanti, Titik, Janu Saptari, and Fernando Marpaung. "Validasi Data Katalog Perpustakaan PUSPAR UGM." Berkala Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi 9, no. 2 (September 26, 2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bip.13184.

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Library catalogs need to demonstrate availability of its collection, the library requires for bibliographic information from is collection. Users need a tool library catalog for retrieval of library materials. Catalogue compile in to symstematic list of library materials with descriptive information about the author, title, publisher, date of publication, the physical form, charateristic of material and place.Library of UGM PUSPAR a support unit GMU Center for Tourism Studies, as part of supporting the smooth operation of the field of torism research and assessment. His collection of book, journals, research, proceedings, lokakarya, and other scientific publications.This study aims to : 1. simplifying and uniting PUSPAR UGM library catalog, catalogs cards and catalogs electronic into one main database in Indonesian language; 2. know the exact profile of the collection; 3. knowing the number of documents with the appropriate classification; 4. provides a rang of collection neatly arranged according to the catalog; 5. without knowing the exact collection of catalogs; 6. know the exact physical condition of the documents / collection (broken, missing, incomplete, borrowed etc.)

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PACE, ALBERTO. "TECHNOLOGIES FOR LARGE DATA MANAGEMENT IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING." International Journal of Modern Physics C 25, no. 02 (February 2014): 1430001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183114300012.

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In recent years, intense usage of computing has been the main strategy of investigations in several scientific research projects. The progress in computing technology has opened unprecedented opportunities for systematic collection of experimental data and the associated analysis that were considered impossible only few years ago. This paper focuses on the strategies in use: it reviews the various components that are necessary for an effective solution that ensures the storage, the long term preservation, and the worldwide distribution of large quantities of data that are necessary in a large scientific research project. The paper also mentions several examples of data management solutions used in High Energy Physics for the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments in Geneva, Switzerland which generate more than 30,000 terabytes of data every year that need to be preserved, analyzed, and made available to a community of several tenth of thousands scientists worldwide.

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Faivre, Gaëlle, Jim Aimbie, and Rodger Tomlinson. "A Month of Data Collection in Vanuatu: From Scientific Work to Detective Work." Journal of Coastal Research 101, sp1 (August 26, 2020): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/jcr-si101-078.1.

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Turkington, Richard C. "Medical Record Confidentiality Law, Scientific Research, and Data Collection in the Information Age." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 25, no. 2-3 (1997): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1997.tb01887.x.

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A powerful movement is afoot to create a national computerized system of health records. Advocates claim it could save the health delivery system billions of dollars and improve the quality of health services. According to Lawrence Gostin, a leading commentator on privacy and health records, this new infrastructure is “already under way and [has] an aura of inevitability.” When it is in place, almost any information that is viewed as relevant to a decision in the health care delivery system would be available to a large and yet undetermined number of individuals. The transformation of the collection and communication of health information from texts housed by health care providers and facilities to data electronically transmitted through networks of linked computers has significant implications for confidentiality and for data collection in scientific research. The best evidence clearly indicates that most people in the United States consider confidentiality for health information important and worry that the increased computerization of health records will result in inappropriate disclosure.

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White, M. C., and P. Lynch. "Blood contacts among or personnel following hospital-scientific data collection, analysis and action." American Journal of Infection Control 22, no. 2 (April 1994): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-6553(94)90140-6.

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Widayanti, Tri. "Use of Google Form in Support of Data Collection for Student Scientific Work." JUDIMAS 1, no. 1 (January 17, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30700/jm.v1i1.1015.

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The creation and dissemination of questionnaires conventionally has an impact in data collection and completion of thesis for longer. While on the other hand students should be able to complete college on time. The accuracy of students completing lectures also affects the accreditation of study programs and universities. The purpose of community service implementation to foster knowledge and insight so that students can practice google form application in making questionnaires and collecting scientific work data online. Considering the number of students of the College of Economists Boedi Oetomo Pontianak who do not know how to make questionnaires using the google form application. So far, students are still using conventional methods in the manufacture and dissemination of questionnaires. The seminar was attended by 22 participants from the final semester of the Boedi Oetomo Pontianak College of Economics. Implementation of community service using lecture approach, direct practice guidance and discussion so that participants can understand the material delivered. Based on the results of Pretest and Postest showed that after the seminar all students can understand the use of google application form for the creation of questionnaires and data collection of scientific work.

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Beebe, Caroline. "Standard Descriptive Vocabulary and Archaeology Digital Data Collection." Advances in Archaeological Practice 5, no. 3 (July 19, 2017): 250–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aap.2017.15.

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ABSTRACTArchaeology has embraced the shift to digital technology for collecting, analyzing, and sharing data. Digital repositories are now recognized as essential for data stewardship and are setting standards for data deposition. These new technologies and systems support the scientific need for reproducible results through intra-cultural as well as cross-cultural hypothesis testing. Methods of digital data collection in the field, however, are often site specific, restricted by the limited availability of digital technologies, or not well suited for creating systems that support the requirements of the new digital information paradigm. As a small science project, the Chau Hiix Project in Belize will provide examples of the pitfalls in and insights about shifting to digital technology to make its primary data shareable and reusable. These experiences suggest the need for an international collaborative agenda that develops digital data description standards based on controlled vocabulary, facet analysis, and crosswalks implemented at the analog point of collection.

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Hua, Li, Bao Ying Li, Lin Zhong Zhang, Guang Yu Fu, and Ming Ming Hu. "Development of Grinding and Cutting Scientific Data Sharing Platform." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 1330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.1330.

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This author had platform development take network shared data as realization and application technical targets, MySQL5.0 as the background database, Tomcat5.5 as the Web server, adopted J2EE architecture, MVC framework to achieve Database platform creation, publishing and management functions, had data information focus on collection, organization and technical processing of grinding and cutting and related expertise areas, building the eight databases of grinding tools, equipment, academic papers, industry trends, technical standards, professional books bibliography, websites and scientific and technical literature bibliography, including multiple literature types such as academic papers, conference literature, assembly, tool images and specifications, equipment images and specifications, state and industry technical standards, network digital resources and other scientific information.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Scientific data collection and graphing'

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