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Books on the topic 'Scientific periphery'
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1
Lértora Mendoza, Celina A., Efthymios Nicolaïdis, and Jan Vandersmissen, eds. The Spread of the Scientific Revolution in the European Periphery, Latin America and East Asia. Brepols Publishers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.dda-eb.5.106657.
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Ana, Lértora Mendoza Celina, Nikolaidēs E, Vandersmissen Jan, and International Congress on the History of Sciences (20th : 1997 : Liège, Belgium), eds. The spread of the scientific revolution in the European periphery, Latin America, and East Asia. Brepols, 2000.
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Dasgupta, Deepanwita. Creativity from the Periphery: Trading Zones of Scientific Exchange in Colonial India. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2021.
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Dasgupta, Deepanwita. Creativity from the Periphery: Trading Zones of Scientific Exchange in Colonial India. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2021.
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5
Richards, Pamela Spence. Scientific Information in Wartime. Praeger, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216011910.
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This book describes how the growing awareness of the strategic importance of science in the 1930s caused the Allied and German leadership to build scientific information supply systems that survived into the postwar era. Using archival materials from five countries, Richards traces the successes and failures of these early scientific intelligence agencies. She focuses on the OSS unit supplying copy for the US government's wartime program to reprint current German scientific journals. She describes as well the methods used by the OSS to spirit individual journal issues from inside the Reich to microfilm squads on Germany's periphery, and gives special attention to the Allied quest for information about the mythical German atomic bomb. Richards also describes the supply system set up by the Nazi government, and how its increasing desperation for Allied scientific news led in the last year of the war to a submarine landing of Abwehr agents on the U.S. coast to microfilm periodicals at the New York Public Library. The final chapter of her book looks at how the wartime experience with scientific information influenced postwar patterns of scientific documentation and librarianship in each country.
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Blanco, María del Pilar, and Joanna Page, eds. Geopolitics, Culture, and the Scientific Imaginary in Latin America. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401483.001.0001.
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The chapter authors detail local engagements with technology and the natural world in Latin America across time and reveal the social, political, and economic conditions that have led to the relative obscurity of such research in a world history of science. Comparative thinking is an important feature in this volume, as it helps situate the issue of Latin American scientific innovation within the global currents of science and understand the particular inequalities they produce and reproduce. The asymmetries that govern the global production of scientific knowledge have certainly affected the kind of science that is possible “at the periphery,” to use the term adopted by many Latin American historians of science. While examining a number of cases from the colonial times to the present, we propose a critical understanding of how such asymmetries have operated. To give an example, the history of science in Latin America has been bound up, since colonization, with that of Spain, sharing its peripheral status in the global history of science. This representation is now beginning to be challenged with greater attention to the “dynamic and multiple” exchanges that characterized the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge in the colonial era and to the particular forms taken by colonial science. A number of chapters in this volume contribute to this new thrust in scholarship on colonial Spanish and Latin American science.
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Prozorovskii, A., and V. Khoros. West–East–Russia 2021. Yearbook. Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO), 23, Profsoyuznaya Str., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/978-5-9535-0607-6.
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The yearbook "West – East – Russia" 2021 contains an analysis of the main trends, processes and the most significant events in the relations of the countries of the Center, Periphery and Semi-Periphery, taking into account the positions and interests of Russia in this interaction. Particular attention is paid to the weakening of the potential of American leadership and related increase of tension and the strengthening of the anti-Russian trend in the world. These problems are examined both at global and regional levels (the post-Soviet space, the Middle East, East and Southeast Asia, Latin America, etc.). The yearbook is completed with sections on ecology and scientific life, as well as a review of one of the new books on the subject of the yearbook and a chronology of the most important events of the year.
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Prozorovskii, A., and V. Khoros, eds. West–East–Russia 2020. Yearbook. Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO), 23, Profsoyuznaya Str., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/978-5-9535-0591-8.
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The yearbook "West-East-Russia" 2020 presents the most significant events, processes and trends of the past year in the relations of the countries of the Center, Periphery and Semi-Periphery, including the positions and interests of Russia in this interaction. The main theme of the panorama of 2020 was the COVID-19 pandemic, the analysis of its damage to the world economy, the study of the experience of countering it in various countries and regions (China, India, Southeast Asia, Africa, Latin America). On this background, the problems of the BRICS and the post-Soviet space are considered. Attention is paid to the situation in Syria, Libya and other hot spots. These and other topics are presented in both global and regional dimensions (Middle East, East and Southeast Asia, Latin America, etc.). There are sections on ecology and scientific life, as well as reviews of new books on the subject of the yearbook.
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Dubow, Saul. South Africa: Paradoxes in the Place of Race. Edited by Alison Bashford and Philippa Levine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373141.013.0016.
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This article discusses the proposition that eugenics and related scientific ideas play a major role in validating the systems of apartheid and its predecessor. It elaborates a comprehensive scheme of racial segregation as a national program in the first decades of the twentieth century and calibrates the distinctions between different races and ethnic groups thoroughly assimilated in the habits of mind and the social behavior of South Africans. This article gives an account of changes in the patterns of racial awareness and discrimination: for example, the shift from social hierarchies based on status, to those founded on race typology in the course of the nineteenth century. It presents the association of sequences of population movements with underlying racial competence. It further discusses the recent tendency to see eugenics as a trans-national phenomenon which fits well with reevaluations of the spread of scientific knowledge that eschew mechanistic models of the transmission of ideas from core to periphery.
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Feldman, Leah. On the Threshold of Eurasia. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501726507.001.0001.
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On the Threshold of Eurasia: Revolutionary Poetics in the Caucasus explores the idea of the Russian and Soviet “East” as a political, aesthetic and scientific system of ideas that contributed to the construction of Soviet discourses of ethnicity, empire, and literary modernity during the tumultuous first two decades of the twentieth century, from 1905 to 1929. It exposes connections between literary works, political essays, and orientalist history, geography, and ethnology written by Russian and Azeri Turkic Muslim writers and thinkers, many of whom have been unknown to Anglophone readers until now. Tracing translations and intertextual engagements across Russia, the Caucasus and western Europe, this book offers an alternative vision of empire, modernity and anti-imperialism from the vantage point of cosmopolitan centers in the Russian empire and Soviet Union. In this way, On the Threshold of Eurasia illustrates the pivotal impact of the literature of the Caucasus and the former Soviet periphery more broadly on the monumental aesthetic and political shifts of the early twentieth century.
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Castro-Gómez, Santiago. Zero-Point Hubris. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798881816308.
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Operating within the framework of postcolonial studies and decolonial theory, this important work starts from the assumption that the violence exercised by European colonialism was not only physical and economic, but also ‘epistemic’. Santiago Castro-Gómez argues that toward the end of the eighteenth century, this epistemic violence of the Spanish Empire assumed a specific form: zero-point hubris. The ‘many forms of knowing’ were integrated into a chronological hierarchy in which scientific-enlightened knowledge appears at the highest point on the cognitive scale, while all other epistemes are seen as constituting its past. Enlightened criollo thinkers did not hesitate to situate the Black, Indigenous, and mestizo peoples of New Granada in the lowest position on this cognitive scale. Castro-Gómez argues that in the colonial periphery of the Spanish Americas, Enlightenment constituted not only the position of epistemic distance separating science from all other knowledges, but also the position of ethnic distance separating the criollos from the ‘castes’. Epistemic violence—and not only physical violence—is thereby found at the very origin of Colombian nationality.
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Bońkowski, Robert, Milica Lukić, Krešimir Mićanović, Paulina Pycia-Košćak, and Sanja Zubčić. Periferno u hrvatskom jeziku, kulturi i društvu / Peryferie w języku chorwackim, kulturze i społeczeństwie. University of Silesia Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/pn.4038.
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The volume "Peripheries in the Croatian Language, Culture and Society" is the second colllection of articles, which are the result of the meeting at the international scientific conference that took place in Katowice in 2019. The first and most extensive chapter of the volume, titled "Croatian Standard Language and Dialects" consists of articles in which the peripheries and peripherality appear most often in relation to the marginal position of certain linguistic phenomena in the Croatian standard language and in regional variants. In the second part, titled "Croatian Language in Teaching and Translation", there are texts in which the peripheries and peripherality are related to the glottodidactics of the Croatian language and traductology. The third chapter of the volume, "Croatian Language Abroad", covers works in which the peripheries and peripherality are closest to their original, geographical meaning, as they refer to a place remote from the center, which in this particular case is Croatia. The diachronic perspective in the study of the peripheries and peripherality is visible in the texts collected in the fourth chapter of the volume, titled "Croatian Language and Croatian Writing over the centuries". The last chapter, "Cultural and Sociological Contexts of the Periphery", presents the results of research that differ from purely linguistic issues, but the peripheries and peripherality analyzed in them fit into the main theme of the project.
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Ratel, Sébastien, and Craig A. Williams. Neuromuscular fatigue. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0009.
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Scientific evidence supports the proposition that prepubertal children fatigue less than adults when performing whole-body dynamic activities like maximal cycling, running bouts, and maximal voluntary isometric/isokinetic muscle contractions. Although the mechanisms underpinning differences in fatigue between children and adults are not all fully understood, there is a consensus that children experience less peripheral fatigue (i.e. muscular fatigue) than their older counterparts. Central factors may also account for the lower fatigability in children. Some studies report a higher reduction of muscle voluntary activation during fatiguing exercise in prepubertal children compared to adults. This could reflect a strategy of the central nervous system aimed at limiting the recruitment of motor units, in order to prevent any extensive peripheral fatigue. Further studies are required to clarify this proposition.
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Hilton-Jones, David, and Martin R. Turner, eds. Oxford Textbook of Neuromuscular Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199698073.001.0001.
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Part of the Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology series, the Oxford Textbook of Neuromuscular Disorders covers the scientific basis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of neuromuscular disorders with a particular focus on the most clinically relevant disorders. The resource is organized into seven sections, starting with the general approach to the patient with neuromuscular disorders and then focusing on specific neuromuscular conditions affecting the peripheral nervous system from its origins at the spinal cord anterior horn on its outward course to their effector muscles and the inbound sensory pathways. Chapters on specific neuromuscular conditions are illustrated with typical case histories and their presenting features, allowing readers to put rarer conditions into their clinical context more easily.
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Tick, Heather, and Eric B. Schoomaker. Transforming Pain Management Through the Integration of Complementary and Conventional Care. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190241254.003.0021.
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This chapter discusses some of the assumptions behind the evolution of the current program of pain care and explores different strategies that could inform transformative changes to the system. It addresses the role of self-care, nutrition, mind-body strategies, and movement in improving function. The emerging scientific literature on neuroplasticity, central and peripheral sensitization, energy generation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and the functional role of fascia is explored. Health providers in a transformed system will potentially work in more diverse settings, collaborate more broadly, and engage patients in conversations driven by patient priorities and emerging evidence-based modalities. The Veterans Health Administration and the Military Health System, acting on alarming increases in the incidence of chronic pain and associated comorbidities, have become the early adopters of transformative policies. Since pain is the most common cause for a healthcare visit, this chapter should be of interest to all healthcare providers, complementary, integrative, and conventional.
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Mendelman, Lisa. Modern Sentimentalism. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198849872.001.0001.
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Modern Sentimentalism examines how American female novelists reinvented sentimentalism in the modernist period. Just as the birth of the modern woman has long been imagined as the death of sentimental feeling, modernist literary innovation has been understood to reject sentimental aesthetics. Modern Sentimentalism reframes these perceptions of cultural evolution. Taking up icons such as the New Woman, the flapper, the free lover, the New Negro woman, and the divorcée, this book argues that these figures embody aspects of a traditional sentimentality while also recognizing sentiment as incompatible with ideals of modern selfhood. These double binds equally beleaguer the protagonists and shape the styles of writers like Willa Cather, Edith Wharton, Anita Loos, and Jessie Fauset. ‘Modern sentimentalism’ thus translates nineteenth-century conventions of sincerity and emotional fulfillment into the skeptical, self-conscious modes of interwar cultural production. Reading canonical and underexamined novels in concert with legal briefs, scientific treatises, and other transatlantic period discourse, and combining traditional and quantitative methods of archival research, Modern Sentimentalism demonstrates that feminine feeling, far from being peripheral to twentieth-century modernism, animates its central principles and preoccupations.
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Price, Elizabeth J., and Anwar R. Tappuni, eds. Oxford Textbook of Sjögren's Syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198806684.001.0001.
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The Oxford Textbook of Sjögren’s Syndrome is an authoritative textbook, rich with valuable illustrations and figures, providing a practical guide to diagnosing and managing all aspects of this condition. Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic, immune-mediated condition typically presenting in women in their fifth or sixth decade. With increased awareness and improvement in diagnostic tests, younger women and occasionally men are now being diagnosed with this condition. Frequently, Sjögren’s syndrome occurs in association with other autoimmune diseases, usually rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or scleroderma. The hallmark of this condition is dryness of the eyes and mouth, but many patients have systemic effects that can be debilitating, including fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, and lung damage. It has potentially serious long-term complications, including a higher risk of developing lymphoma and foetal congenital heart block. Diagnosis of the condition can be challenging as the presenting symptoms are variable. Management of the condition can be complex as the course of the disease is unpredictable and the available therapy is mainly symptomatic, with no known cure as yet. Experts in the condition from around the world have contributed to this book to provide the most up-to-date information on pathophysiology, classification criteria, diagnostic tests, systemic manifestations of the disease, and emerging therapeutic options. The publication of this book coincides with a period of increased interest in Sjögren’s within the scientific, medical, and pharmacological worlds.
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Aminoff, Michael J. Sir Charles Bell. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190614966.001.0001.
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Charles Bell (1774–1842) was a Scottish anatomist–surgeon whose original ideas on the nervous system have been equated with those of William Harvey on the circulation. He suggested that the anterior and posterior nerve roots have different functions, and based on their connectivity he showed that different parts of the brain have different functions. He noted that individual peripheral nerves actually contain nerve fibers with different functions, that nerves conduct only in one direction, that sense organs are specialized to receive only one form of sensory stimulus, and that there is a sixth (muscle) sense. In addition to the facial palsy and its associated features named after him, he provided the first clinical descriptions of several neurological disorders and important insights into referred pain and reciprocal inhibition. Bell helped to change the way art students are taught, described the anatomical basis of facial expressions, initiated the scientific study of the physical expression of emotions, and stimulated the later work of Charles Darwin on facial expressions. His teachings influenced British and European art. Bell was a renowned medical teacher who founded his own medical school, subsequently took over the famous Hunterian school, and eventually helped establish the University of London and the Middlesex Hospital Medical School in London. However, his belief in intelligent design caused him to be left behind by the evolutionist thought that developed in the nineteenth century. He was a brilliant but flawed human being who contributed much to the advance of knowledge.