Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Scientific platforms'

Scientific applications generally require large computational requirements, memory and data management for their execution. Such applications have traditionally used high-performance resources, such as shared memory supercomputers, clusters of PCs with distributed memory, or resources from Grid infrastructures on which the application needs to be adapted to run successfully. In recent years, the advent of virtualization techniques, together with the emergence of Cloud Computing, has caused a major shift in the way these applications are executed. However, the execution management of scientific applications on high performance elastic platforms is not a trivial task. In this doctoral thesis, Elastic Cloud Computing Cluster (EC3) has been developed. EC3 is an open-source tool able to execute high performance scientific applications by creating self-managed cost-efficient virtual hybrid elastic clusters on top of IaaS Clouds. These self-managed clusters have the capability to adapt the size of the cluster, i.e. the number of nodes, to the workload, thus creating the illusion of a real cluster without requiring an investment beyond the actual usage. They can be fully customized and migrated from one provider to another, in an automatically and transparent process for the users and jobs running in the cluster. EC3 can also deploy hybrid clusters across on-premises and public Cloud resources, where on-premises resources are supplemented with public Cloud resources to accelerate the execution process. Different instance types and the use of spot instances combined with on-demand resources are also cluster configurations supported by EC3. Moreover, using spot instances, together with checkpointing techniques, the tool can significantly reduce the total cost of executions while introducing automatic fault tolerance. EC3 is conceived to facilitate the use of virtual clusters to users, that might not have an extensive knowledge about these technologies, but they can benefit from them. Thus, the tool offers two different interfaces for its users, a web interface where EC3 is exposed as a service for non-experienced users and a powerful command line interface. Moreover, this thesis explores the field of light-weight virtualization using containers as an alternative to the traditional virtualization solution based on virtual machines. This study analyzes the suitable scenario for the use of containers and proposes an architecture for the deployment of elastic virtual clusters based on this technology. Finally, to demonstrate the functionality and advantages of the tools developed during this thesis, this document includes several use cases covering different scenarios and fields of knowledge, such as structural analysis of buildings, astrophysics or biodiversity.<br>Las aplicaciones científicas generalmente precisan grandes requisitos de cómputo, memoria y gestión de datos para su ejecución. Este tipo de aplicaciones tradicionalmente ha empleado recursos de altas prestaciones, como supercomputadores de memoria compartida, clústers de PCs de memoria distribuida, o recursos provenientes de infraestructuras Grid, sobre los que se adaptaba la aplicación para que se ejecutara satisfactoriamente. El auge que han tenido las técnicas de virtualización en los últimos años, propiciando la aparición de la computación en la nube (Cloud Computing), ha provocado un importante cambio en la forma de ejecutar este tipo de aplicaciones. Sin embargo, la gestión de la ejecución de aplicaciones científicas sobre plataformas de computación elásticas de altas prestaciones no es una tarea trivial. En esta tesis doctoral se ha desarrollado Elastic Cloud Computing Cluster (EC3), una herramienta de código abierto capaz de llevar a cabo la ejecución de aplicaciones científicas de altas prestaciones creando para ello clústers virtuales, híbridos y elásticos, autogestionados y eficientes en cuanto a costes, sobre plataformas Cloud de tipo Infraestructura como Servicio (IaaS). Estos clústers autogestionados tienen la capacidad de adaptar su tamaño, es decir, el número de nodos, a la carga de trabajo, creando así la ilusión de un clúster real sin requerir una inversión por encima del uso actual. Además, son completamente configurables y pueden ser migrados de un proveedor a otro de manera automática y transparente a los usuarios y trabajos en ejecución en el cluster. EC3 también permite desplegar clústers híbridos sobre recursos Cloud públicos y privados, donde los recursos privados son complementados con recursos Cloud públicos para acelerar el proceso de ejecución. Otras configuraciones híbridas, como el empleo de diferentes tipos de instancias y el uso de instancias puntuales combinado con instancias bajo demanda son también soportadas por EC3. Además, el uso de instancias puntuales junto con técnicas de checkpointing permite a EC3 reducir significantemente el coste total de las ejecuciones a la vez que proporciona tolerancia a fallos. EC3 está concebido para facilitar el uso de clústers virtuales a los usuarios, que, aunque no tengan un conocimiento extenso sobre este tipo de tecnologías, pueden beneficiarse fácilmente de ellas. Por ello, la herramienta ofrece dos interfaces diferentes a sus usuarios, una interfaz web donde se expone EC3 como servicio para usuarios no experimentados y una potente interfaz de línea de comandos. Además, esta tesis doctoral se adentra en el campo de la virtualización ligera, mediante el uso de contenedores como alternativa a la solución tradicional de virtualización basada en máquinas virtuales. Este estudio analiza el escenario propicio para el uso de contenedores y propone una arquitectura para el despliegue de clusters virtuales elásticos basados en esta tecnología. Finalmente, para demostrar la funcionalidad y ventajas de las herramientas desarrolladas durante esta tesis, esta memoria recoge varios casos de uso que abarcan diferentes escenarios y campos de conocimiento, como estudios estructurales de edificios, astrofísica o biodiversidad.<br>Les aplicacions científiques generalment precisen grans requisits de còmput, de memòria i de gestió de dades per a la seua execució. Este tipus d'aplicacions tradicionalment hi ha empleat recursos d'altes prestacions, com supercomputadors de memòria compartida, clústers de PCs de memòria distribuïda, o recursos provinents d'infraestructures Grid, sobre els quals s'adaptava l'aplicació perquè s'executara satisfactòriament. L'auge que han tingut les tècniques de virtualitzaciò en els últims anys, propiciant l'aparició de la computació en el núvol (Cloud Computing), ha provocat un important canvi en la forma d'executar este tipus d'aplicacions. No obstant això, la gestió de l'execució d'aplicacions científiques sobre plataformes de computació elàstiques d'altes prestacions no és una tasca trivial. En esta tesi doctoral s'ha desenvolupat Elastic Cloud Computing Cluster (EC3), una ferramenta de codi lliure capaç de dur a terme l'execució d'aplicacions científiques d'altes prestacions creant per a això clústers virtuals, híbrids i elàstics, autogestionats i eficients quant a costos, sobre plataformes Cloud de tipus Infraestructura com a Servici (IaaS). Estos clústers autogestionats tenen la capacitat d'adaptar la seua grandària, es dir, el nombre de nodes, a la càrrega de treball, creant així la il·lusió d'un cluster real sense requerir una inversió per damunt de l'ús actual. A més, són completament configurables i poden ser migrats d'un proveïdor a un altre de forma automàtica i transparent als usuaris i treballs en execució en el cluster. EC3 també permet desplegar clústers híbrids sobre recursos Cloud públics i privats, on els recursos privats són complementats amb recursos Cloud públics per a accelerar el procés d'execució. Altres configuracions híbrides, com l'us de diferents tipus d'instàncies i l'ús d'instàncies puntuals combinat amb instàncies baix demanda són també suportades per EC3. A més, l'ús d'instàncies puntuals junt amb tècniques de checkpointing permet a EC3 reduir significantment el cost total de les execucions al mateix temps que proporciona tolerància a fallades. EC3e stà concebut per a facilitar l'ús de clústers virtuals als usuaris, que, encara que no tinguen un coneixement extensiu sobre este tipus de tecnologies, poden beneficiar-se fàcilment d'elles. Per això, la ferramenta oferix dos interfícies diferents dels seus usuaris, una interfície web on s'exposa EC3 com a servici per a usuaris no experimentats i una potent interfície de línia d'ordres. A més, esta tesi doctoral s'endinsa en el camp de la virtualitzaciò lleugera, per mitjà de l'ús de contenidors com a alternativa a la solució tradicional de virtualitzaciò basada en màquines virtuals. Este estudi analitza l'escenari propici per a l'ús de contenidors i proposa una arquitectura per al desplegament de clusters virtuals elàstics basats en esta tecnologia. Finalment, per a demostrar la funcionalitat i avantatges de les ferramentes desenrotllades durant esta tesi, esta memòria arreplega diversos casos d'ús que comprenen diferents escenaris i camps de coneixement, com a estudis estructurals d'edificis, astrofísica o biodiversitat.<br>Calatrava Arroyo, A. (2016). High Performance Scientific Computing over Hybrid Cloud Platforms [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/75265<br>TESIS

This dissertation charts the rise and articulation of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) as a prominent translational technology, invested with high expectations to finally deliver the as yet mostly unfulfilled promise of stem cell research. In a field catalyzed by the therapeutic promise, iPSCs have been adopted for widespread translational efforts, in the areas of disease modeling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine, and have progressively positioned themselves, through the mobilization of several biomedical platforms, as a key resource of stem cell-based bioeconomies. Specifically, drawing from extensive ethnographic fieldwork, this work targets distinct iPSC innovation pathways across the United States and the European Union, and conducts the analysis of distinct models of iPSC–based innovation implemented by three leading iPSC research organizations that have been spearheading translational iPSC research: the New York Stem Cell Foundation, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, and the European Bank for induced Pluripotent Stem Cells – respectively, the largest stem cell research organization in the world; the largest private translational stem cell research institution in the United States; and one of the two flagship stem cell consortia launched in recent years at EU level. Through a comparative approach, this dissertation explores the co-productive relationship between scientific and governance innovation, and probes the distinct ways in which some of the leading research institutions in the field design and implement governance arrangements and practices of standardization in order to harness the innovation potential of iPSC-based technologies. Furthermore, it accounts for the socio-political salience of these emerging institutional configurations, and traces the assembly of distinct constituencies claiming jurisdiction in this domain of biomedicine.

Thesis: S.M., Joint Program in Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2018.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 97-107).<br>Mobile robots and autonomous sensors have seen increasing use in scientific applications, from planetary rovers surveying for signs of life on Mars, to environmental buoys measuring and logging oceanographic conditions in coastal regions. This thesis makes contributions in both planning algorithms and model design for autonomous scientific information gathering, demonstrating how theory from machine learning, decision theory, theory of optimal experimental design, and statistical inference can be used to develop online algorithms for robotic information gathering that are robust to modeling errors, account for spatiotemporal structure in scientific data, and have probabilistic performance guarantees. This thesis first introduces a novel sample selection algorithm for online, irrevocable sampling in data streams that have spatiotemporal structure, such as those that commonly arise in robotics and environmental monitoring. Given a limited sampling capacity, the proposed periodic secretary algorithm uses an information-theoretic reward function to select samples in real-time that maximally reduce posterior uncertainty in a given scientific model. Additionally, we provide a lower bound on the quality of samples selected by the periodic secretary algorithm by leveraging the submodularity of the information-theoretic reward function. Finally, we demonstrate the robustness of the proposed approach by employing the periodic secretary algorithm to select samples irrevocably from a seven-year oceanographic data stream collected at the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory off the coast of Cape Cod, USA. Secondly, we consider how scientific models can be specified in environments - such as the deep sea or deep space - where domain scientists may not have enough a priori knowledge to formulate a formal scientific model and hypothesis. These domains require scientific models that start with very little prior information and construct a model of the environment online as observations are gathered. We propose unsupervised machine learning as a technique for science model-learning in these environments. To this end, we introduce a hybrid Bayesian-deep learning model that learns a nonparametric topic model of a visual environment. We use this semantic visual model to identify observations that are poorly explained in the current model, and show experimentally that these highly perplexing observations often correspond to scientifically interesting phenomena. On a marine dataset collected by the SeaBED AUV on the Hannibal Sea Mount, images of high perplexity in the learned model corresponded, for example, to a scientifically novel crab congregation in the deep sea. The approaches presented in this thesis capture the depth and breadth of the problems facing the field of autonomous science. Developing robust autonomous systems that enhance our ability to perform exploratory science in environments such as the oceans, deep space, agricultural and disaster-relief zones will require insight and techniques from classical areas of robotics, such as motion and path planning, mapping, and localization, and from other domains, including machine learning, spatial statistics, optimization, and theory of experimental design. This thesis demonstrates how theory and practice from these diverse disciplines can be unified to address problems in autonomous scientific information gathering.<br>by Genevieve Elaine Flaspohler.<br>S.M.

In the emerging Web of Data, publishing stable and unique identifiers promises great potential in using the web as common platform to discover and enrich data in the ecologic sciences. With our collaborative e-Science platform “BEFdata”, we generated and published unique identifiers for the data repository of the Biodiversity – Ecosystem Functioning Research Unit of the German Research Foundation (BEF-China; DFG: FOR 891). We linked part of the identifiers to two external data providers, thus creating a virtual common platform including several ecological repositories. We used the Global Biodiversity Facility (GBIF) as well the International Plant Name Index (IPNI) to enrich the data from our own field observations. We conclude in discussing other potential providers for identifiers for the ecological research domain. We demonstrate the ease of making use of existing decentralized and unsupervised identifiers for a data repository, which opens new avenues to collaborative data discovery for learning, teaching, and research in ecology.

This thesis addresses the issues of coherent distributed knowledge production and sharing in the Life-science area. In spite of the continuously increasing computing and storage capabilities of computing infrastructures, the management of massive scientific data through centralized approaches became inappropriate, for several reasons: (i) they do not guarantee the autonomy property of data providers, constrained, for either ethical or legal concerns, to keep the control over the data they host, (ii) they do not scale and adapt to the massive scientific data produced through e-Science platforms. In the context of the NeuroLOG and VIP Life-science collaborative platforms, we address on one hand, distribution and heterogeneity issues underlying, possibly sensitive, resource sharing ; and on the other hand, automated knowledge production through the usage of these e-Science platforms, to ease the exploitation of the massively produced scientific data. We rely on an ontological approach for knowledge modeling and propose, based on Semantic Web technologies, to (i) extend these platforms with efficient, static and dynamic, transparent federated semantic querying strategies, and (ii) to extend their data processing environment, from both provenance information captured at run-time and domain-specific inference rules, to automate the semantic annotation of ''in silico'' experiment results. The results of this thesis have been evaluated on the Grid'5000 distributed and controlled infrastructure. They contribute to addressing three of the main challenging issues faced in the area of computational science platforms through (i) a model for secured collaborations and a distributed access control strategy allowing for the setup of multi-centric studies while still considering competitive activities, (ii) semantic experiment summaries, meaningful from the end-user perspective, aimed at easing the navigation into massive scientific data resulting from large-scale experimental campaigns, and (iii) efficient distributed querying and reasoning strategies, relying on Semantic Web standards, aimed at sharing capitalized knowledge and providing connectivity towards the Web of Linked Data.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-05T14:58:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_RENATA_DE_PARIS_COMPLETO.pdf: 8873897 bytes, checksum: 43b2a883518fc9ce39978e816042ab5f (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-05T14:58:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_RENATA_DE_PARIS_COMPLETO.pdf: 8873897 bytes, checksum: 43b2a883518fc9ce39978e816042ab5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-28<br>Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq<br>O uso de conforma??es obtidas por trajet?rias da din?mica molecular nos experimentos de docagem molecular ? a abordagem mais precisa para simular o comportamento de receptores e ligantes em ambientes moleculares. Entretanto, tais simula??es exigem alto custo computacional e a sua completa execu??o pode se tornar uma tarefa impratic?vel devido ao vasto n?mero de informa??es estruturais consideradas para representar a expl?cita flexibilidade de receptores. Al?m disso, o problema ? ainda mais desafiante quando deseja-se utilizar modelos de receptores totalmente flex?veis (Fully-Flexible Receptor - FFR) para realizar a triagem virtual em bibliotecas de ligantes. Este estudo apresenta um m?todo inovador para otimizar a triagem virtual baseada em docagem molecular de modelos FFR por meio da redu??o do n?mero de experimentos de docagem e, da invoca??o escalar de workflows de docagem para m?quinas virtuais de plataformas em nuvem. Para esse prop?sito, o workflow cient?fico basedo em nuvem, chamado e-FReDock, foi desenvolvido para acelerar as simula??es da docagem molecular em larga escala. e-FReDock ? baseado em um m?todo seletivo sem param?tros para executar experimentos de docagem ensemble com m?ltiplos ligantes. Como dados de entrada do e-FReDock, aplicou-se seis m?todos de agrupamento para particionar conforma??es com diferentes caracter?sticas estruturais no s?tio de liga??o da cavidade do substrato do receptor, visando identificar grupos de conforma??es favor?veis a interagir com espec?ficos ligantes durante os experimentos de docagem. Os resultados mostram o elevado n?vel de qualidade obtido pelos modelos de receptores totalmente flex?veis reduzidos (Reduced Fully-Flexible Receptor - RFFR) ao final dos experimentos em dois conjuntos de an?lises. O primeiro mostra que e-FReDock ? capaz de preservar a qualidade do modelo FFR entre 84,00% e 94,00%, enquanto a sua dimensionalidade reduz em uma m?dia de 49,68%. O segundo relata que os modelos RFFR resultantes s?o capazes de melhorar os resultados de docagem molecular em 97,00% dos ligantes testados quando comparados com a vers?o r?gida do modelo FFR.<br>The use of conformations obtained from molecular dynamics trajectories in the molecular docking experiments is the most accurate approach to simulate the behavior of receptors and ligands in molecular environments. However, such simulations are computationally expensive and their execution may become an infeasible task due to the large number of structural information, typically considered to represent the explicit flexibility of receptors. In addition, the computational demand increases when Fully-Flexible Receptor (FFR) models are routinely applied for screening of large compounds libraries. This study presents a novel method to optimize docking-based virtual screening of FFR models by reducing the size of FFR models at docking runtime, and scaling docking workflow invocations out onto virtual machines from cloud platforms. For this purpose, we developed e-FReDock, a cloud-based scientific workflow that assists in faster high-throughput docking simulations of flexible receptors and ligands. e-FReDock is based on a free-parameter selective method to perform ensemble docking experiments with multiple ligands from a clustered FFR model. The e-FReDock input data was generated by applying six clustering methods for partitioning conformations with different features in their substrate-binding cavities, aiming at identifying groups of snapshots with favorable interactions for specific ligands at docking runtime. Experimental results show the high quality Reduced Fully-Flexible Receptor (RFFR) models achieved by e-FReDock in two distinct sets of analyses. The first analysis shows that e-FReDock is able to preserve the quality of the FFR model between 84.00% and 94.00%, while its dimensionality reduces on average 49.68%. The second analysis reports that resulting RFFR models are able to reach better docking results than those obtained from the rigid version of the FFR model in 97.00% of the ligands tested.

Cloud computing is emerging as a promising platform for compute and data intensive scientific applications. Thanks to the on-demand elastic provisioning capabilities, cloud computing has instigated curiosity among researchers from a wide range of disciplines. However, even though many vendors have rolled out their commercial cloud infrastructures, the service offerings are usually only best-effort based without any performance guarantees. Utilization of these resources will be questionable if it can not meet the performance expectations of deployed applications. Additionally, the lack of the familiar development tools hamper the productivity of eScience developers to write robust scientific high performance computing (HPC) applications. There are no standard frameworks that are currently supported by any large set of vendors offering cloud computing services. Consequently, the application portability among different cloud platforms for scientific applications is hard. Among all clouds, the emerging Azure cloud from Microsoft in particular remains a challenge for HPC program development both due to lack of its support for traditional parallel programming support such as Message Passing Interface (MPI) and map-reduce and due to its evolving application programming interfaces (APIs). We have designed newer frameworks and runtime environments to help HPC application developers by providing them with easy to use tools similar to those known from traditional parallel and distributed computing environment set- ting, such as MPI, for scientific application development on the Azure cloud platform. It is challenging to create an efficient framework for any cloud platform, including the Windows Azure platform, as they are mostly offered to users as a black-box with a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) to access various service components. The primary contributions of this Ph.D. thesis are (i) creating a generic framework for bag-of-tasks HPC applications to serve as the basic building block for application development on the Azure cloud platform, (ii) creating a set of APIs for HPC application development over the Azure cloud platform, which is similar to message passing interface (MPI) from traditional parallel and distributed setting, and (iii) implementing Crayons using the proposed APIs as the first end-to-end parallel scientific application to parallelize the fundamental GIS operations.

Monitoring data-intensive scientific infrastructures in real-time such as jobs, data transfers, and hardware failures is vital for efficient operation. Due to the high volume and velocity of events that are produced, traditional methods are no longer optimal. Several techniques, as well as enabling architectures, are available to support the Big Data issue. In this respect, this thesis complements existing survey work by contributing an extensive literature review of both traditional and emerging Big Data architecture. Scalability, low-latency, fault-tolerance, and intelligence are key challenges of the traditional architecture. However, Big Data technologies and approaches have become increasingly popular for use cases that demand the use of scalable, data intensive processing (parallel), and fault-tolerance (data replication) and support for low-latency computations. In the context of a scalable data store and analytics platform for monitoring data-intensive scientific infrastructure, Lambda Architecture was adapted and evaluated on the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid, which has been proven effective. This is especially true for computationally and data-intensive use cases. In this thesis, an efficient strategy for the collection and storage of large volumes of data for computation is presented. By moving the transformation logic out from the data pipeline and moving to analytics layers, it simplifies the architecture and overall process. Time utilised is reduced, untampered raw data are kept at storage level for fault-tolerance, and the required transformation can be done when needed. An optimised Lambda Architecture (OLA), which involved modelling an efficient way of joining batch layer and streaming layer with minimum code duplications in order to support scalability, low-latency, and fault-tolerance is presented. A few models were evaluated; pure streaming layer, pure batch layer and the combination of both batch and streaming layers. Experimental results demonstrate that OLA performed better than the traditional architecture as well the Lambda Architecture. The OLA was also enhanced by adding an intelligence layer for predicting data access pattern. The intelligence layer actively adapts and updates the model built by the batch layer, which eliminates the re-training time while providing a high level of accuracy using the Deep Learning technique. The fundamental contribution to knowledge is a scalable, low-latency, fault-tolerant, intelligent, and heterogeneous-based architecture for monitoring a data-intensive scientific infrastructure, that can benefit from Big Data, technologies and approaches.

La science citoyenne est la participation de personnes qui ne sont pas des scientifiques à des processus de recherche tels que la collecte et l'analyse de données. La science citoyenne offre de nombreux avantages, tels qu'une collecte de données plus rapide et plus facile, l'étude des défis environnementaux, de la biodiversité au changement climatique, ainsi que la contribution à la recherche en astronomie et la collaboration entre les scientifiques et le public.La réalisation des avantages potentiels de la science citoyenne dépend de la compréhension des perspectives des participants. Dans cette étude, j'examine les différents modes de participation à la science citoyenne et la manière dont les motivations des participants, la conception des plateformes et d'autres facteurs sont associés à ces modes de participation. La thèse contribue à notre compréhension des ingrédients clés dans la conception des programmes de science citoyenne afin d'accroître l'engagement du public.Dans la première partie, j'ai réalisé une étude bibliographique par le biais d'une analyse bibliométrique. Cette partie se concentre sur les défis, les facteurs de succès et les motivations de la science citoyenne. Le reste de la thèse est composé d'une étude qualitative et d'une étude quantitative portant sur trois plateformes de science citoyenne activement utilisées dans le domaine de l'ornithologie dans deux pays, la Turquie et la France, à savoir Faune-France en France, Trakuş et eKuşbank (eBird Turkey) en Turquie.Dans la partie qualitative, au moyen d'entretiens semi-structurés approfondis, j'examine les acteurs, les différents modes de participation, les motivations et les externalités négatives qui peuvent survenir en utilisant la littérature sur les plateformes multilatérales et les biens communs de la connaissance.Les résultats de cette partie nous ont permis d'identifier quatre rôles dans les plateformes : l'ornithologue, le photographe d'oiseaux, le scientifique et le chasseur, qui interagissent les uns avec les autres et créent des externalités.J'ai également constaté deux types de participation : active et passive. En ce qui concerne les motivations, nos résultats suggèrent des similitudes avec les études précédentes. Toutefois, à la différence des travaux précédents, nous avons souligné la nécessité de distinguer les motivations pour l'engagement dans la plateforme, d'une part, et les motivations pour le sujet (les oiseaux), d'autre part.Dans la deuxième partie, en menant une enquête à grande échelle auprès des participants des trois plateformes et une analyse économétrique, j'ai examiné comment les motivations sont associées à la participation, ainsi que les externalités négatives et les valeurs créées par la plateforme. Dans cette partie, je m'appuie sur la théorie de l'autodétermination, les plateformes multilatérales et le concept d'externalités négatives de la littérature sur les biens communs.Les résultats de la deuxième partie suggèrent que les deux types de motivations identifiés dans la première partie (motivation pour le sujet et motivation pour l'engagement sur la plateforme) sont positivement associés à la participation active et passive. En outre, les valeurs offertes par la plateforme et les moyens mis en œuvre par les plateformes pour remédier aux externalités négatives ont des effets différents sur la participation active et passive en fonction du contexte. Ainsi, l'importance perçue des concours par les participants a un effet positif sur leur participation active en France, alors qu'elle n'a pas d'impact significatif en Turquie. De même, l'importance perçue par les participants de la protection des données sensibles par la plateforme est associée négativement à la participation passive en France, alors qu'elle l'est positivement en Turquie. Ces résultats sont importants pour comprendre les participants et mieux concevoir des plateformes de science citoyenne efficaces<br>Citizen science is the participation of people who are not scientists in research processes such as data collection and analysis. Citizen science provides various benefits like faster and easier data collection, investigation of environmental challenges from biodiversity to climate change, as well as contributing to astronomy research and leading to collaboration between the scientists and the public.Realising the potential benefits of citizen science depends on understanding the perspectives of participants. In this study, I examine different ways of participation in citizen science and how the motivations of participants, the design of the platforms, and other factors are associated with these. The thesis contributes to our understanding of the key ingredients in designing citizen science programs so as to increase the engagement of the public.In the first part, I carried out a literature survey by bibliometric analysis. This part focuses on challenges, success factors, and motivations in citizen science. The rest of the thesis is composed of one qualitative and another quantitative study by focusing on three citizen science platforms that are actively used in the field of ornithology in two countries, Turkey and France, which are Faune-France from France, Trakuş and eKuşbank (eBird Turkey) from Turkey.In the qualitative part, through semi-structured in-depth interviews, I examine the actors, different ways of participation, motivations, and negative externalities that may arise using the Multi-Sided Platforms (MSPs) and knowledge commons literature.The results of this part helped us identify four roles in the platforms: birdwatcher, bird photographer, scientist, and hunter, interacting with each other and creating externalities.I also found two types of participation: active and passive. Regarding motivations, the findings suggested similarities in the previous studies. However, as different from previous work, I highlighted the need to distinguish motivations for engagement in the platform on the one hand and motivations for the subject matter (birds in our case) on the other.In the second part, by conducting a large-scale survey targeted at the participants of the three platforms and an econometric analysis, I examined how motivations are associated with participation, as well as the negative externalities and values created by the platform. In this part, I draw upon the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), Multi-Sided Platforms (MSPs), and negative externalities concept from the commons literature.The findings in the second part suggest that the two types of motivations identified in the first part (motivation for the subject and motivation for platform engagement) are positively associated with active and passive participation. Also, values offered by the platform and platforms' ways of addressing negative externalities have different impacts on active and passive participation based on the context, such as the participants' perceived importance of competitions positively affecting their active participation in France, whereas not having a significant impact in Turkey. Similarly, participants' perceived importance of the protection of sensitive data by the platform has a negative association with passive participation in France while being positively associated with it in Turkey. These results are important to understand the participants and to better design successful citizen science platforms

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-03T18:27:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMVV.pdf: 2718127 bytes, checksum: 18d42256c6c4eaa84c2dd493edefcbd3 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T17:24:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMVV.pdf: 2718127 bytes, checksum: 18d42256c6c4eaa84c2dd493edefcbd3 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-10T17:25:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMVV.pdf: 2718127 bytes, checksum: 18d42256c6c4eaa84c2dd493edefcbd3 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T17:25:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissMVV.pdf: 2718127 bytes, checksum: 18d42256c6c4eaa84c2dd493edefcbd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25<br>Não recebi financiamento<br>To analyze the scientific production of the professors of a private institution of higher education, some variables can be identifyed and discussions can be developed. To this end it is necessary to understand the professional profile of professors who work at the institution, object of study, and the Lattes platform proves to be the most effective tool to collect information about these professionals. The Lattes platform is the main scientific information system in Brazil, integrating academic curricula of public and private institutions in a single platform, allowing management of curricular information of institutions and researchers. But the platform does not perform automated compilation of data from certain groups. Thus, it was use the ScriptLattes tool, which synthesizes in simplified form potential indicators to demonstrate the relationship not just a group of researchers, but different groups of interest. In examining the Group of professors from the institution used as a case study in this work (UNI_X), can be noted interesting indicators of professional as well as academic characterization; at the same time the scientific literature produced by these professors, whether in the institution itself or in other institutions, where vast majority owned or has bond in graduate programs. Updating of curricula, as well as the correct completion of data on its platform, are proving to be an important indicator as well as the correlation between the published works and without mention of the institution in which these are employee. So we tried to raise discussions on the topic, for better understanding and the deepening about the problem. In this way, an analysis was performed of the professors of a top private institution, through some indicators and, among them, the scientific production. This analysis enabled the development of discussions on the importance of scientific production for private institutions, because it is believed that most of these teachers do not mention the institution in scientific works. In addition, some approaches have been raised through rankings and discussions of the STS field, generating reflections on the subject.<br>Ao analisar as produções científicas dos docentes de uma instituição de ensino superior privada, entende-se que diversos indicadores e discussões podem ser desenvolvidos. Para tanto se faz necessário compreender o perfil profissional dos professores que atuam na instituição, objeto de estudo, e a plataforma Lattes demonstra ser o local mais eficaz para coletar informações a respeito destes profissionais. A plataforma é o principal sistema de informação científica do Brasil, integrando currículos acadêmicos de instituições públicas e privadas em uma única plataforma, permitindo gerir a informação curricular das instituições e pesquisadores. Mas a respectiva plataforma não realiza de forma automatizada a compilação de dados de determinados grupos, assim utilizou-se a ferramenta ScriptLattes, que sintetiza de forma simplificada, indicadores de potencial, para demonstrar o relacionamento não de apenas um grupo de pesquisadores, mas diversos grupos de interesse. Ao analisar o grupo de professores da instituição utilizada como estudo de caso neste trabalho (UNI_X), pode-se notar interessantes indicadores de caracterização profissional, bem como acadêmico; ao mesmo tempo a produção científica produzida por estes docentes, seja na própria instituição, seja em outras instituições, onde grande maioria possuiu ou possui vinculo em programas de pós-graduação. A atualização dos currículos, bem como o correto preenchimento dos dados na respectiva plataforma, demonstram ser um importante indicador, bem como a correlação existente entre os trabalhos publicados e sem menção da instituição no qual estes docentes possuem vínculo. Assim procurou-se levantar discussões sobre o tema, para melhor compreensão e possibilitar o aprofundamento sobre a problemática. Desta forma, foi realizada uma análise do quadro de docentes de uma instituição superior privada, através de alguns indicadores e, entre eles, a produção científica. Esta análise possibilitou o desenvolvimento de discussões sobre a importância da produção científica para instituições privadas, pois acredita-se que grande parte destes docentes não mencionam a instituição que atuam. Além disso, foram levantadas algumas abordagens através de rankings e discussões do campo CTS, gerando reflexões sobre o tema.

A l'origine de cette thèse il y a le constat d’une science en changement. Ce changement se caractérise par deux grandes tendances globales : la dépendance croissante à des grands équipements coûteux et partagés et la production de données de masse qui sont également très coûteuses à stocker et gérer. Dans les deux cas ces ressources sont financées par des programmes publics et proposés à la communauté scientifique selon un principe d’ouverture à des utilisateurs extérieurs sous forme de Infrastructures de recherche (IR). Plusieurs facteurs peuvent nous amener à penser que les IR sont des lieux favorables à la créativité. Cependant les moyens par lesquels les IR favorisent la créativité n’ont pas été étudiés. L’objectif de cette thèse est de répondre à cette question. La problématique se décline en deux sous-questions de recherche. D’abord nous nous demandons, comment les IR peuvent-elles contribuer à la créativité scientifique de leurs utilisateurs ? Puis nous nous interrogeons sur : comment mesurer cet impact ?<br>At the origin of this thesis there is the observation of a changing science. This change is characterized by two major global trends: the growing reliance on large expensive and shared equipment and the production of mass data which are also very expensive to store and manage. In both cases these resources are financed by public programs and proposed to the scientific community according to a principle of openness to external users in the form of Research Infrastructures (RIs). Several factors may lead us to believe that RIs are favourable places for creativity. However, the means by which RIs promote creativity have not been studied. The purpose of this thesis is to answer this question. The research question is divided into two sub-questions of research. First, we wonder how IRs can contribute to the scientific creativity of their users. Then we ask ourselves: how to measure this impact

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2018-11-05T16:22:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Elaine_teseCompleta_POS_DEFESA_FINALIZADA_14_09_2018.pdf: 2043274 bytes, checksum: e60816a40c1b7b66c69b225225907af0 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-05T16:22:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Elaine_teseCompleta_POS_DEFESA_FINALIZADA_14_09_2018.pdf: 2043274 bytes, checksum: e60816a40c1b7b66c69b225225907af0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-28<br>A comunicação científica tem o objetivo de difundir as descobertas entre os pesquisadores. Inicialmente este processo era realizado por livros. No século XVII passou a ser feito por periódicos, que, ao longo dos séculos seguintes, se tornaram o principal veículo de disseminação do conhecimento científico. No século XX, com as novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação, surgem os periódicos on-line. Os periódicos on-line eram de acesso restrito e posteriormente novos títulos foram criados no modelo de Acesso Aberto. Considerando essas transformações, o presente estudo busca responder a seguinte questão: os periódicos de acesso aberto têm sido um canal de disseminação dos resultados de pesquisa do pesquisador bolsista PQ1A? Para responder essa pergunta será analisada a adesão dos 1.205 pesquisadores bolsistas PQ1A, que estavam cadastrados no CNPq em 2016, aos periódicos de acesso aberto, que, neste estudo, é definido como todos aqueles listados no Directory of Open Access Journals em 2016. Este estudo, que faz uso de dados primários contidos nos currículos da Plataforma Lattes, recuperou, com o auxílio da ferramenta ScriptLattes, dados sobre o perfil e a produção científica destes pesquisadores. Para a análise do perfil e da produção dos pesquisadores considerou-se o período de 2000-2015. Como aporte teórico, recorreu-se às abordagens de Pierre Bourdieu sobre campo científico, capital científico e habitus, que foram utilizadas para discutir o valor atribuído às publicações em periódicos de acesso aberto e a real adesão dos pesquisadores a eles. Dentre o conjunto de resultados, destaca-se que, no período, 25,6% dos artigos publicados pelos pesquisadores bolsistas PQ1A estão em periódicos de acesso aberto. Desta fração, constatou-se que 16,3% dos artigos em periódicos de acesso aberto foram publicados em periódicos que cobram taxas para a submissão e/ou publicação. Quanto à adesão, ou seja, a fração de artigos em periódicos de acesso aberto de um pesquisador bolsista em relação ao total de artigos observou-se que a maior parte dos pesquisadores bolsistas foi classificada com muito baixa adesão, aqueles com 0 a 20% de seus artigos em periódicos de acesso aberto. Os resultados deste estudo possibilitam um melhor entendimento sobre o contexto da disponibilização de pesquisa em periódicos de acesso aberto, a partir de um grupo seleto da comunidade científica brasileira, os pesquisadores bolsistas PQ1A, e, assim, contribuem para o debate sobre o uso deste meio de disseminação para uma maior democratização do conhecimento científico.<br>Scientific communication aims to disseminate the findings among researchers. Initially this process was carried out by books. In the seventeenth century it was made by periodicals, which, over the following centuries, became the main vehicle for the dissemination of scientific knowledge. In the twentieth century, with the new information and communication technologies, online journals appeared. Online journals were restricted access and later new titles were created following the Open Access model. Considering these transformations, the present study seeks to answer the following question: have open access journals been a channel for disseminating the research results of the PQ1A researcher? To answer this question will be analyzed the adhesion of 1,205 PQ1A scholarship holders, who were enrolled in CNPq in 2016 database as authors in open access journals. This study, which makes use of the primary data contained in the curriculum of the Lattes Platform, has retrieved, with the aid of the ScriptLattes tool, data on the profile and the scientific production of these researchers. For the analysis of the profile and production of the researchers the period 2000-2015 was considered. As a theoretical contribution, Pierre Bourdieu's approaches to scientific field, scientific capital and habitus were used, which were used to discuss the value attributed to publications in open access journals and the researchers' real adherence to them. Among the set of results, it is noteworthy that, in the period, 25.6% of the articles published by PQ1A scholarship researchers are in open access journals. From this fraction, it was found that 16.3% of articles in open access journals were published in periodicals that charge fees for submission and / or publication. The fraction of articles in open access journals of a researcher in relation to the total of articles (the adherence rate) shows that the majority of the scholarship researchers were classified with very low adherence, (0 to 20%). The results of this study allow to have a better understanding of the context of the availability of research in open access journals, from a select group of the Brazilian scientific community, the PQ1A scholarship researchers, and, thus, contribute to the debate about the use of this medium of dissemination for a greater democratization of scientific knowledge.

Wissenschaftliche Begleitstudie zum Studienerfolgsprojekt 'Orientierungsplattform Forschung & Praxis': Mit der wissenschaftlicher Begleitstudie werden wesentliche Erkenntnisse der vom ESF geförderten „Orientierungsplattform Forschung & Praxis“ (OFP) an der Technischen Universität Dresden gesichert und erfolgreiche Formate als Best-Practice-Beispiele zugänglich gemacht. Außerdem wird das Formatangebot in den aktuellen Forschungsdiskurs eingeordnet. Die Darstellung erstreckt sich dabei auf die studienerfolgsbezogenen Aktivitäten über insgesamt drei Semester (Wintersemester 2016/2017 bis Wintersemester 2017/18). Zur weiteren Verortung der OFP wird außerdem eine begleitende Evaluation der Maßnahmen im Sinne einer „Verbesserungsevaluation“ (Pohlenz/Tinsner/Seyfried 2007, S. 39 f.) vorgenommen. Sie macht die OFP in ihren wesentlichen Strukturen und Prozessen greifbar, informiert über systeminterne Lernprozesse, zeigt Ansatzpunkte für Optimierungen auf und gibt empirisch fundierte Anregungen für vergleichbare Orientierungsprojekte im MINT-Bereich, die infolge ihrer Konzeption ebenfalls die Steigerung des Studienerfolgs über situiertes Lernen (Tippelt 2007) adressieren.:1. Einleitung 2. Grundlagen und Ziele 2.1 Die Forschungslage zum Thema „Studienabbruch“/„Studienerfolg“ 2.2 Kultur und Voraussetzungen 2.3 Zielstellungen und Profil 3. Bedarfe, Ressourcen und Formate 3.1 Bedarfe 3.1.1 Studentische Bedarfe 3.1.2 Hochschulische Bedarfe 3.1.3 Externe Bedarfe 3.2 Ressourcen 3.3 Formate 3.3.1 Dialogveranstaltungen/All you can ask 3.3.2 Step in Science-Woche 3.3.3 Exkursionen/Praxis-Expeditionen 3.3.4 Praxis-Invasion 3.3.5 Kapitel Praxis 3.3.6 Workshops mit Fallstudiencharakter/Team Challenges 3.3.7 Klausurtraining 'Lösungsmittel“ 3.3.8 Praxiswochenprojekt „BeING Inside“ 3.3.9 Rookie wird Ingenieur 3.3.10 Tandem-Programm 3.3.11 Ideenfabrik 3.3.12 Verortung der Formate in wesentlichen Zieldimensionen der OFP 4. Organisation und Prozesse 4.1 Projektorganisation 4.2 Formatsteuerung und Betreuung 4.3 Qualitätssicherung und (Weiter-) Entwicklung der Formate 5. Ergebnisse 5.1 Quantitative Ergebnisse 5.1.1 Verbesserungsevaluation 5.1.2 Abgleich der studentischen Lerneffekte aus der Evaluation mit den OFP-Zielstellungen 5.2 Qualitative Ergebnisse 5.2.1 Qualitative Evaluation der Veranstaltungen mit Fokus auf Gelingensbedingungen 5.2.2 Gesamtbetrachtung der OFP mithilfe einer SWOT-Analyse 5.2.3 Projekt-Ergebnisse im Soll-Ist-Abgleich 5.3 Transfer und Nachhaltigkeit 6. Schluss 7. Literatur

碩士<br>國立臺北大學<br>資訊管理研究所<br>101<br>Recent years, as the growth of the Internet usage and Web application, lots of Web 2.0 platforms for online questionnaire generating has developed for commercial and scientific research. Survey hosts and users are able to establish online questionnaire through the Web directly and semi-automatically. Aim to provide a useful and efficient design platform for Web survey hosts, this study built a Web survey generating prototype system with adding several flexible features on question design, option design, and result design. This study applies modularization concept on system design to reduce step consumptions of survey hosts on Web questionnaire production, adds Question Sets feature, and integrates options weighting features with multiple result output ability to simplify question & option design process. With implementation of these features, survey host can build questionnaires with highly flexible configuration and intuitive graphic-oriented interface, which can save step consumption of survey hosts on creating Web survey before distribution to customers. Keywords: Web Survey Generating System, Web Survey Design, Multiple Result Output, Option Weighting Feature, Modularization

碩士<br>國立花蓮師範學院<br>國小科學教育研究所<br>91<br>Construct “Scientific Platform” to assist Natural Science Teaching In Elementary School CHAUNG MN-SHIUNG Abstract What students have to learning? How to learn? These are very important issues in elementary school. Students must play the main role in learning, we ought not just to teach them how to learn from textbook, we should offer excellent inquiry environment for learning. Through action research, this study connected formal and informal education and combine them together. Constructing the “Scientific Platform” can help students learn Natural Science. Students are motivated to learn; furthermore, it attract students to do “self-regulation learning”. The Project participants in this study were sixth graders from one class, and the learning activities as well as the teaching materials designed were demonstrated, displayed and conducted the “Scientific Platform”. The designed curriculum would last fourteen weeks. The information analyzed was collected through the video-tapping of students’ learning activities, the learning sheets of students’, the comments of teacher’s teaching journals, the recording of semi-structed interviews, the observation from another teacher, and teacher’s recording lists. The findings of this study were summarized as follows： 1. The Scientific Platform could help teacher use social resources, and it offered students to experiment when possible. It helps students to prove context and expand students’ creative thinking ability. 2. By teaching with the Scientific Platform, the teacher became more creative in instruction design. This provided students chances to prove what they thought. 3. “Scientific Platform” helps students in the following ways: （1） It offered students some chances on “learning by doing”. （2） It enhanced self-directed learning. （3） It strengthened students’ scientific attitude. 4. From Scientific Platform construction, instruction design and the real teaching experience, the researcher realized that: （1） Teacher should play the guiding role in teaching and learning process. （2） Students played the main role in teaching and learning activities. （3） By teaching and revising from the experiences, the researcher’s professional growth were promoted. Key Word ：Scientific Platform , Self-directed Learning , Inquiry , Teacher’s Professional Growth

碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>網路學習科技研究所<br>107<br>The main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the scientific reading platform on the effectiveness of science reading in primary school students. This study used quasi-experimental research method to design experiments, including pre-test, experimental treatment, post-test and other experimental procedures. The experimental group accepted the learning strategy of the scientific reading platform into the reading activity, and the control group used the traditional traditional paper reading method. The experiment consisted of six reading activities, which were taken from texts adapted from science news reports to combine current events and help students learn new knowledge. I hope to understand the impact of the scientific reading platform on the effectiveness of science reading in primary school students. The research object of this study is fifth-grade students of a national junior college in Changhua County. There are 22 people in the experimental group and the control group, a total of 44 people. Using statistical methods such as paired sample t-test, the research conclusions are as follows: 1.Improved performance after using Science Reading Network for scientific reading activities 2.After using the Science Reading Network for scientific reading activities, high learning achievement and low learning achievement performance improvement results have achieved remarkable results. 3.After reading the learning activities, the users of the "Internet Science Reading System" and the learners who did not use the "Internet Science Reading System" have higher reading ability and there are significant differences between the two.

碩士<br>國立臺中教育大學<br>資訊工程學系<br>106<br>Advances in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have made the relevant applications more and more promising. In order to manage efficiently diverse of IoT devices, we use IoTtalk as a server for easily connecting IoT devices. On the other hand, VPhysics deploys many scientific experiments for high-school students using python. We integrate the IoTtalk and Vphysics systems in which students could perform scientific experiments interactively with input and/or output of IoT sensors. Using the proposed platform, high-school students will learn by doing and increase their learning effect. After the teaching exercise, we found that the number of sensors transmitted is excessive and may result in IoTtalk server instability. In this paper, we propose a dynamic reporting mechanism for IoTtalk to determine the frequency of sensor data transmission based on the server status. This method can make the scientific experimental system more stable.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Informática apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia<br>Devido à evolução tecnológica sentida nos últimos anos, surgiu a necessidade de adaptação das revistas científicas tradicionais no meio eletrónico, oferecendo um maior conforto de leitura e acessibilidade ao leitor. Para que a disponibilização online das revistas científicas seja realizada, existem inúmeras plataformas de gestão de revistas científicas, reunindo um conjunto de passos rigorosos para que este objetivo seja cumprido. No entanto, as opções existentes estão longe da perfeição e, desta forma, este estágio oferece uma oportunidade em desenvolver uma plataforma de gestão de revistas científicas única, em ambiente Web, colmatando os obstáculos identificados nos programa equivalentes. Nesta plataforma, as principais soluções oferecidas baseiam-se nas funcionalidades de submissão de um artigo científico, na sua revisão e na sua publicação no sistema. Estas funcionalidades estarão disponíveis num website, em que o seu acesso dependerá do tipo de utilizador autenticado (Autor, Editor, Revisor e Administrador). Durante este estágio será igualmente possível aplicar as técnicas de Engenharia de Software e Sistemas de Informação, utilizadas nas diferentes unidades curriculares da Licenciatura e Mestrado em Engenharia Informática, visando um produto final de qualidade. Após a finalização desta unidade curricular, a disponibilização online do sistema desenvolvido constitui uma meta pessoal, a fim de dar utilidade e continuidade ao programa implementado. Este sistema será atualizado regularmente, proporcionando aos utilizadores uma experiência única de utilização.<br>The technological evolution experienced in recent years demanded the adjustment of traditional scientific journals to the electronic media, in order to offer greater comfort and accessibility to the reader. In order to control and manage the quality of these electronic publications, a wide range of management systems emerged in recent years, as well as electronic libraries that offer a large collection of scientific articles and other works. The online availability of scientific journals has led to the emergence of several management platforms, which entail a set of strict steps. However, the existing options are far from perfect. Owing to the relevance that scientific journals and their management platforms have assumed over the last few years, we felt the need to create a new management application for scientific journals that stands out from other platforms available in the market. The purpose of the present article is to explain, in full detail, the process of publishing a scientific article, from submission to publication; share a comparative study involving different scientific journal management platforms, enlisting a number of perceived advantages and disadvantages in each; and, finally, propose a new management platform for scientific journals, which is currently under development. It is intended as a market solution that fills the gaps identified in the existing platforms. The main solutions offered by this platform are based on features concerning the submission, review and online publication of a scientific article. Additionally, it offers enhanced usability and innovative features. After this internship, this system will be updated regularly, and it will be added new features, providing to its clients an unique usability experience.

碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>臺大-復旦EMBA境外專班<br>106<br>ABSTRACT Deepen the public innovation and innovation, innovation and innovation will be integrated into all aspects of the development of the field, to encourage all types of the main development of new technologies, new products, new models, and comprehensively promote the public crowds of public support, to promote innovation and innovation on economic restructuring Of the prominent position. At the same time, the state to step up the improvement of innovative services, simplify the approval process, the establishment of government innovation investment funds, innovative services and innovative investment combined to maximize the mobilization of people&apos;&apos;s enthusiasm for innovation. In this context, China&apos;&apos;s science and technology financial industry has been rapid development, not only help to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs, and promote the optimal allocation of resources, but also to stimulate the economic vitality of private enterprises to ensure stable and rapid economic development is of great significance. Relying on the strong support of national policies and large data, cloud computing and other information technology, driven by the rapid development of Internet finance, P2P, balance, Internet banking and other Internet financial industry barbaric growth, influence has also been expanding. In this environment, science and technology came into being, showing an explosive growth trend. According to the Zero2IPO Research Center of science and technology financial industry research report shows that in 2014, the domestic normal operation of science and technology financial platform for the number of 65 to raise funds total 1.106 billion yuan. As of 2015, the number of science and technology financial platform increased to 125, an increase of 92.3%; to raise funds total 5.19 billion, an increase of 369%. And according to the World Bank predicted that by 2025 China&apos;&apos;s science and technology finance to raise funds will reach 35 billion US dollars, is expected to continue to maintain a rapid growth rate. At the same time, we should also note that small and medium enterprises financing difficulties, financing is still an important constraint on the development of small and medium enterprises restrictions. Small and medium-sized enterprises financing channels narrow, generally low starting point, weak strength, poor operating efficiency, higher debt ratio, management is not standardized primary development status. Corporate finance is not standardized, from the company system management requirements are very different, the vast majority of small and medium enterprises for management ideas or costs to consider, did not establish a sound financial system, often not financial institutions to support loans. The purpose of this paper is to solve the problem of financing small and medium-sized enterprises, so that financial support to its innovation and development to play the greatest function to promote China&apos;&apos;s economic growth mode change. In this paper, through the analysis of the financial difficulties of small and medium-sized technology enterprises and the mechanism of combing we can get: small and medium-sized technology enterprises on the urgent need for financial, especially financing. However, on the other hand, science and technology can serve the small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises through capital promotion, signal release and risk sharing mechanism. Therefore, perfecting our financial support system can solve the financial difficulties of small and medium-sized technology enterprises. The author designs the structural model of the financial service platform of small and medium-sized enterprises in Anhui province and makes a further discussion on the operation mode of the platform.