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Journal articles on the topic 'Scientific-Positivism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Podoksik, Efraim. "The scientific positivism of Michael Oakeshott." British Journal for the History of Philosophy 12, no. 2 (2004): 297–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09608780410001676502.

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2

Lane, Ruth. "Positivism, Scientific Realism and Political Science." Journal of Theoretical Politics 8, no. 3 (1996): 361–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951692896008003003.

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3

Gilmer, Penny J. "Commentary and criticism on scientific positivism." Science and Engineering Ethics 1, no. 1 (1995): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02628699.

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4

Kruger, Erin Alaine. "Covert Positivism in Forensic Domains." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 9, no. 2 (2020): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v9i2.1120.

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Variable conceptions of positivism exist, although at the heart of the notion is the assumption of the scientific ideal of ‘objectivity’ as it pertains to the individual and society. Despite much debate and criticism of positivism in criminology, contemporary modes of positivism continue to inform criminological research. However, this more recent positivism is not necessarily the crude, overt positivism associated with the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century modes, but a more sophisticated and insidious brand - ‘covert positivism’. Most recently, in the domains of forensic genetics, objective

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5

Harsananda, Hari, and Acyutananda Wayan Gaduh. "Ganesha sebagai Simbol Paradigma Positivisme." Sanjiwani: Jurnal Filsafat 11, no. 1 (2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/sjf.v11i1.1532.

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<em>Positivism is a philosophical paradigm that contributes greatly to the development of science in the world, with many types of philosophical thinking in the realm of thought, it is deemed necessary to carry out the paradigm. paradigm serves to help distinguish one scientific community with other scientific communities There are many sciences that were born from the philosophy of positivism such as mathematics, physics and other natural sciences. This knowledge can be categorized as hard science that formulates problems outside of human beings. The existence of positivism is always at

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6

Mikhailov, Anton Mikhailovich. "To the question on philosophical-methodological foundations of English legal positivism of the XIX century (legal teachings of J. Bentham and J. Austin)." Право и политика, no. 11 (November 2020): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2020.11.34429.

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The subject of this research is the&nbsp; aggregate of philosophical ideas and methodological paradigms that underlie the concepts of the &ldquo;first&rdquo; legal (statist) positivism in England of the XIX century. The author traces the impact of certain philosophical trends and legal concepts of the XVIII &ndash; early XIX centuries upon the philosophical and methodological foundations of the positivist concepts of J. Bentham and J. Austin. The article describes the influence of social atomism, and exploratory rationality of Modern Age upon the &ldquo;first&rdquo; leg

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7

York, Richard, and Brett Clark. "Marxism, Positivism, and Scientific Sociology: Social Gravity and Historicity." Sociological Quarterly 47, no. 3 (2006): 425–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.2006.00052.x.

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8

Fuchs, Stephan. "Three Sociological Epistemologies." Sociological Perspectives 36, no. 1 (1993): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389440.

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Three epistemologies—pragmatism, positivism, and hermeneutics—are sociologically explained as the ideologies of different groups doing various kinds of scientific work. These ideologies are shaped by the material conditions and social structures of scientific work in different areas of the sciences. Pragmatism is the ideology of research fronts that constantly produce change and innovation; positivism is the ideology of normal science with its routinized practices and high task certainty; hermeneutics is the philosophy of choice in loosely coupled textual fields with a high level of decentrali

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9

Nottelmann, Nikolaj. "Om positivisme og objektivisme i samfundsvidenskaberne." Dansk Sociologi 28, no. 3 (2017): 9–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v28i3.5640.

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”Positivisme” hører til de mest kontroversielle og mangetydige termer i moderne debatter om samfundsvidenskabelig metode. Bredt anvendte lærebøger er på én gang ofte uklare og voldsomt indbyrdes uenige angående positivismens metafysiske, erkendelsmæssige og ideologiske forpligtelser. Denne artikel leverer en receptionshistorisk behandling af positivismen fra dens dobbelte udspring i det 19. århundredes franske og tyske filosofi frem til i dag. Hermed kortlægges en række væsentlige historiske omforståelser og misforståelser som baggrund for nutidens begrebsforvirring. Det påvises efterfølgende,

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10

Vijh, Ashok K. "Some remarks on scientific positivism and constructivist epistemology in science." Science and Engineering Ethics 2, no. 1 (1996): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02639312.

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11

Ulman, J. D. "RADICAL BEHAVIORISM VERSUS PRAGMATISM." Reflexio 12, no. 1 (2019): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2658-4506-2019-12-1-5-29.

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Some behaviorists consider positivism to be an obsolete scientific philosophy and advocate for pragmatism or a tenet thereof, contextualism, as the appropriate philosophical world view for the study of behavior. I argue that pragmatism is just as flawed as positivism and for essentially the same reason: they both stem from the same source – British empiricism. I distinguish between empirical and empiricism, the former, the inductive experimental approach put forth by Francis Bacon (1561–1626) and exemplified in the work of B. F. Skinner; the latter, a problematic epistemology founded by John L

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12

Chirkov, Valery, and Jade Anderson. "Statistical positivism versus critical scientific realism. A comparison of two paradigms for motivation research: Part 2. A philosophical and empirical analysis of critical scientific realism." Theory & Psychology 28, no. 6 (2018): 737–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354318816829.

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In this two-part publication (see Chirkov & Anderson, 2018), we compare two paradigms—statistical positivism and critical scientific realism—in their application to research on academic motivation. In the first part, the propositions of statistical positivism and their applications to psychological research are presented. An empirical study in this part combined self-determination and achievement goal theories and built a statistically integrated model of motivation of 385 college students using path analysis. Part 1 ended with a critical analysis of this statistical model and the knowledg

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13

González-Castán, Òscar L. "Overcoming Positivism: Husserl and Wittgenstein." Phänomenologische Forschungen 2014, no. 1 (2014): 13–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.28937/1000107776.

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In this paper I shall briefly analyze Husserl’s and Wittgenstein’s divergent reactions against the positivist stance on natural science and on the new cultural role that philosophy should play in relation to science. To a great extent, their philosophies can be considered as a departure from positivism, although for quite different reasons. I shall argue that Wittgenstein, in the Tractatus, took positivism as a starting point that he tried to overcome from within. This endeavor led him to defend some theses of a pragmatist flavour as well as a peculiar type of radical agnosticism on ontologica

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14

Probucka, Dorota. "The negative impact of scientific ideology on education about the moral status of animals." Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3402.

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The article presents an analysis of the ethical views of Bernard Rollin, an American zoologist and philosopher who examined how the education about the moral status of animals has been affected by the so-called scientific ideology. This way of thinking denies animal suffering and consciousness in stark contrast with our commonsense knowledge and collective human experience. Rollin points to positivism and behaviourism as twin philosophical and psychological sources of this scientific ideology. Positivism rejected the concept of consciousness as a subjective, metaphysical, unscientific, non-mea

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15

Chirkov, Valery, and Jade Anderson. "Statistical positivism versus critical scientific realism. A comparison of two paradigms for motivation research: Part 1. A philosophical and empirical analysis of statistical positivism." Theory & Psychology 28, no. 6 (2018): 712–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354318804670.

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In this two-part publication, we compare two paradigms—statistical positivism and critical scientific realism—in their application to research on academic motivation. In the first part, the propositions of statistical positivism and their applications to psychological research are presented. An empirical study in this part combines self-determination and achievement goal theories and builds a statistically integrated model of motivation of 385 college students using path analysis. This part ends with a critical analysis of this statistical model and the knowledge about motivation that it provi

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16

Nikiforov, Alexander L. "Ludwig Wittgenstein and Logical Positivism." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 58, no. 1 (2021): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps20215813.

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The article examines the question of whether L. Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus had any influence on the formation and development of logical positivism. It is shown that the members of the Vienna Circle were familiar with the Tractatus, but practically did not accept anything from its content. Wittgenstein's reasoning about the world, about facts, about the structure of fact were rejected by them as a bad metaphysics, with which they fought. The denial of causality and the deprivation of the meaning of scientific laws could not be accepted by representatives of logical positivis

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17

Yusriyadi, Yusriyadi. "DEVELOPMENT OF AN IDEAL MODEL BASED ON POSITIVISM AND ITS IMPLICATION TOWARDS LEGAL SCIENCE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT." Diponegoro Law Review 5, no. 2 (2020): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.5.2.2020.231-244.

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The development of legal science and law enforcement is one of the main issues in many countries. The focus of this writing is positivism and its implication towards legal science and law enforcement. Two problems are proposed in this writing there are the implication of positivism towards legal science and law enforcement and the development of legal science and law enforcement ideally. To analyze the problems, socio-legal concept and approach are applied. The analysis found that there is an implication of positivism towards legal science and law enforcement. The implication is more negative

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18

Cummings, Louise. "The scientific reductionism of relevance theory: The lesson from logical positivism." Journal of Pragmatics 29, no. 1 (1998): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-2166(97)00049-0.

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19

Uebel, Thomas E. "Education, Enlightenment and Positivism: The Vienna Circle's Scientific World-Conception Revisited." Science & Education 13, no. 1/2 (2004): 41–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:sced.0000018469.45137.30.

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20

Chojnicki, Zbyszko. "Empirical-Scientific Model of Geography." Quaestiones Geographicae 30, no. 2 (2011): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10117-011-0014-0.

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Empirical-Scientific Model of Geography The article presents a philosophical-methodological conception of an empirical-scientific model of geography as an empirical science. It consists of an introduction and two parts. The introduction discusses the notion of philosophical-methodological models of geography and philosophical orientations. Part one addresses the philosophical-methodological foundations of the model, which are three successive philosophical streams: empiricism, logical empiricism (neo-positivism), and scientific philosophy. Part two offers a characterisation of the empirical-sc

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21

Samekto, FX Adji, and Ani Purwanti. "Normativity of Scientific Law in the Perspective of Neo-Kantian Schools of Thought." Hasanuddin Law Review 3, no. 1 (2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v3i1.761.

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Scientific normativity of law conceived as a character inherent in legal science as a sui generis. Jurisprudence basically studies the law, something that initially emerged from the dogmatic belief in philosophy. Dogmatism refuse to alter beliefs one iota. The teachings of dogmatic philosophy stem from the teachings of Plato and reflected in the legal enforceability. Dogmatism in the law is reflected in the Corpus Juris Civilis. Along with the development of post Era Scholastic philosophical thinking, the philosophy synthesizes thought between dogmatic thinking and skeptic has appeared in the

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22

Demin, Il’ya V. "The Concept of Scientific Worldview in the Russian Philosophy of the First Quarter of the 20th Century (Based on the Works by V.I. Vernadsky and L.M. Lopatin)." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v079.

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This article analyses the concept of scientific worldview in the Russian philosophical journalism of the first quarter of the 20th century. It examines and compares the interpretations of scientific worldview in the works by V.I. Vernadsky and L.M. Lopatin. Both philosophers distanced themselves from the positivist model of scientific knowledge; however, Lopatin was able to identify certain elements of positivism in Vernadsky’s ideas on the relationship between philosophy and science. It should be noted that Lopatin left unchanged the juxtaposition of metaphysics and positivism. The definition

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23

Heverly, W. Gerald. "VIRTUAL REPATRIATION: THE PITTSBURGH–KONSTANZ ARCHIVAL PARTNERSHIP." RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 6, no. 1 (2005): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.6.1.240.

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During the 1920s and 1930s, a group of German and Austrian thinkers pioneered an approach to philosophy that shaped much of the discipline's subsequent development. These thinkers were “inspired by late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century revolutions in logic, mathematics and mathematical physics” and “aimed to create a similarly revolutionary scientific philosophy purged of the endless controversies”1 that had traditionally occupied philosophers. The result was a style of doing philosophy known as logical positivism. Berlin and Vienna were its main centers. The proponents of logical posit

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24

Nagumo, A. "K207 Scientific positivism of management style based on situtional leadership theory(3)." SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI 41, Special (1999): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/sangyoeisei.kj00001991305.

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25

Tomiyama, A. "K208 Scientific positivism of management style based on situational leadership theory(4)." SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI 41, Special (1999): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/sangyoeisei.kj00001991306.

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26

Zanghellini, Aleardo. "Scientific positivism and the controversy over research into lesbian and gay parenting." Sexuality Research and Social Policy 4, no. 3 (2007): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/srsp.2007.4.3.100.

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27

Nagumo, A. "The scientific positivism of management style based on situational leadership theory(1)." SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI 40, Special (1998): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/sangyoeisei.kj00001990014.

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28

Matsuoka, S. "The scientific positivism of management style based on situational leadership theory(2)." SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI 40, Special (1998): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/sangyoeisei.kj00001990015.

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29

Brenner, Anastasios. "From Scientific Philosophy to Absolute Positivism: Abel Rey and the Vienna Circle." Philosophia Scientae, no. 22-3 (October 25, 2018): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/philosophiascientiae.1562.

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30

SINGY, PATRICK. "Huber's Eyes: The Art of Scientific Observation Before the Emergence of Positivism." Representations 95, no. 1 (2006): 54–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2006.95.1.54.

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ABSTRACT How could a blind man be an observer in the eighteenth century? This essay offers a historical solution to this enigma by reconstructing the regime of perception of eighteenth-century observers.

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31

Sanchez-Sabate, Ruben. "Contemporary Grammars of Meaning Creation: Scientific Creationism and New Atheism." Religions 12, no. 3 (2021): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12030166.

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This article approaches the grammars of meaning creation by Scientific Creationism and New Atheism from an anthropological-communicological perspective. By grammars of meaning creation, we understand the different languages that the human being uses to communicate the meaning of their existence to themself and others. Nowadays, Scientific Creationism is disseminated around the world and has transcended evangelical Christianity by permeating non-Christian religions. On the other hand, New Atheism, headed by Richard Dawkins, has also reached non-Western cultures such as Muslim cultures. Starting

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32

Липень, Сергей, and Syergyey Lipyen. "E. V. Vaskovsky as Representative of Legal Positivism in Domestic Legal Science." Journal of Russian Law 4, no. 8 (2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/20904.

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The article presents the views of E. V. Vaskovsky (1866-1942) on the problem of a ratio of legality and a discretion in law-implementing, as well as other problems of legal science. The scholar was a consistent advocate of legality, consistent supporter of one of the main ideas of legal positivism. Other ideas relating to this scientific trend were reflected in the works of E. V. Vaskovsky. These ideas are: the limitation of the subject matter of the formal-dogmatic legal science, understanding of law as a set of compulsory norms emanating from public authorities, the basic meaning of a normat

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33

Weatherburn, Don, and Mark Findlay. "Positivism, empiricism and criminological theory." Legal Studies 5, no. 2 (1985): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1985.tb00608.x.

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The discipline of criminology has been dominated since the turn of the century by an explanatory paradigm known as ‘positivism’. The distinctive features of that paradigm have been both substantive and methodological. On the substantive side ‘positivist criminology’ has been marked by a commitment to the explanation of criminal behaviour (and deviance generally) in terms of characteristics of the individual. Thus positivist criminology has been notable for its explanations of criminal behaviour in terms of gross bodily features, patterns of child-rearing, genetic defect, and idiosyncratic pers

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34

Vitoria, María Ángeles. "The Openness of Scientific Reason. From the Closure of Positivism to Current Sensibility." Pensamiento y Cultura 14, no. 1 (2011): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/pecu.2011.14.1.4.

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35

Dupret, Baudouin, and Clémentine Gutron. "Islamic Positivism and Scientific Truth: Qur’an and Archeology in a Creationist Documentary Film." Human Studies 39, no. 4 (2016): 621–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10746-016-9402-8.

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36

Zammito, John H. "The “Last Dogma” of Positivism: Historicist Naturalism and the Fact/Value Dichotomy." Journal of the Philosophy of History 6, no. 3 (2012): 305–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18722636-12341235.

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Abstract Has the emergence of post-positivism in philosophy of science changed the terms of the “is/ought” dichotomy? If it has demonstrated convincingly that there are no “facts” apart from the theoretical frames and evaluative standards constructing them, can such a cordon sanitaire really be upheld between “facts” and values? The point I wish to stress is that philosophy of science has had a central role in constituting and imposing the fact/value dichotomy and a revolution in the philosophy of science should not leave the dichotomy unaffected. The connection between post-positivism and nat

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37

Antonyan, Elena A., and Marina M. Milovanova. "On Combating Modern Extremism and Terrorism in the Conditions of the Use of New Technologies." Legal education and science 11 (November 19, 2020): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1813-1190-2020-11-13-16.

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Purpose. A study of the current state of the fight against cyber terrorism and cyber extremism in the context of the development of new technologies, when modern achievements of scientific and technological progress are actively used in the area under consideration in order to develop new approaches to solving the question posed. Methodology: the article is based on a reasonable combination of the general scientific dialectical method with legal positivism. Social connections and phenomena, and their interaction with scientific categories are considered in dialectical unity. Consideration of a

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38

García-Salmones Rovira, Mónica. "What is Positivism Today?" AJIL Unbound 114 (2020): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2020.16.

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This essay focuses on the understanding of positivism in Prosper Weil's time, its trajectory since, and how that trajectory reflects changes that have occurred in global society in the intervening years. The world to which Weil spoke is neither in scientific nor in political and cultural terms the same as ours. Key positivist notions, such as neutrality or Weil's critique of the ideal of the unity of the international community and of the invocation of higher moral values, appear to chain sound normative principles while letting loose real power. At any rate, Weil's ideas have not survived glo

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39

Steele, Tom. "The role of scientific positivism in European popular educational movements: the case of France." International Journal of Lifelong Education 21, no. 5 (2002): 399–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02601370210156718.

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40

Ferreira, Sónia Mairos. "Dos processos aos produtos de investigação: três propostas de avaliação de estudos científicos não positivistas." Revista Pesquisa Qualitativa 6, no. 12 (2018): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.33361/rpq.2018.v.6.n.12.165.

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Resumo: O presente artigo constitui uma reflexão crítica acerca dos desafios e possibilidades que se colocam, na contemporaneidade, à avaliação da qualidade de investigação científica, quando esta se desenvolve segundo orientações de matriz não positivista. No âmbito da prossecução deste propósito a primeira rubrica contém uma breve síntese das (in)suficiências, reportadas na literatura, no que respeita ao positivismo e, também, às propostas alternativas defendidas pelos/as seus/suas críticos/as. A rubrica seguinte sintetiza três tendências de apreciação da qualidade de estudos científicos não

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41

Kozłowski, Sebastian. "Znaczenie empirii jako podstawy wyjaśniania, prognozowania i praktyki w naukach społecznych." Studia Politologiczne, no. 59/2021 (March 31, 2021): 27–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2021.59.2.

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The considerations presented in the article are to be an impulse to reflect on the foundations on which modern scientific discoveries are based. The aim of the analysis is to present a number of doubts as to the accuracy and perfection of contemporary research results in social sciences, in particular in the discipline of political science. In social reality there are still many limitations both on the part of the human being as the subject examining reality and the imperfections of the tools he uses. The article discusses attitudes towards scientific dispute consisting in the clash of the sci

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42

Gadamer, Hans-Georg, Cynthia Nielsen, and Ian Alexander Moore. "Tasks of Philosophy in the Present Age." Philosophy Today 64, no. 2 (2020): 477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtoday202055339.

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This is a translation of Hans-Georg Gadamer’s recently discovered 1952 Berlin speech. The speech includes several themes that reappear in Truth and Method, as well as in Gadamer’s later writings such as Reason in the Age of Science. For example, Gadamer criticizes positivism, modern philosophy’s orientation toward positivism, and Enlightenment narratives of progress, while presenting his view of philosophy’s tasks in an age of crisis. In addition, he discusses structural power, instrumental reason, the objectification of nature and human beings, the reduction of both to mere means, and the col

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Kasatkin, Sergey. "The Problems of Specification of Legal Principles in the Doctrine of the “Earlier” R. Dworkin." Legal Concept, no. 3 (November 2020): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2020.3.7.

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Introduction: the subject of the paper is the analysis of the concept of legal principles of the authoritative American jurist Ronald Dworkin, formulated by him in the essay “The Model of Rules” and formed the core of his initial challenge to the doctrine of legal positivism. The paper based on the general scientific and specific scientific methods pursues a dual goal – first, to systematize R. Dvorkin’s understanding of the specifics of legal principles and their consequences for the criticism of positivism, and second, to assess the potential of the author’s considered ideas outside of Ameri

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44

Guillin, Vincent. "Théodule Ribot's ambiguous positivism: Philosophical and epistemological strategies in the founding of French scientific psychology." Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 40, no. 2 (2004): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.20002.

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45

Johnson, Branden B., and Nathan F. Dieckmann. "Americans’ views of scientists’ motivations for scientific work." Public Understanding of Science 29, no. 1 (2019): 2–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963662519880319.

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Scholars have not examined public views of scientific motivations directly, despite scientific authority implications. A US representative sample rated 11 motivations both descriptively (they do motivate scientists’ work) and normatively (they should motivate scientists) for scientists employed by federal government agency, large business corporation, advocacy group (nonprofit seeking to influence policy), or university. Descriptive and normative ratings fell into extrinsic (money, fame, power, being liked, helping employer) and intrinsic (do good science, enjoy challenge, helping society and

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46

Jász, Borbála. "Architectural Theory and Analytic Philosophy in the Interwar Period." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, European and Regional Studies 14, no. 1 (2018): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auseur-2018-0010.

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Abstract The basis of the connection between analytic philosophy and architecture theory was developed in the interwar period. The results of analytic philosophy – especially the neo-positivism of Vienna Circle – and modern, functionalist architecture theory were utilized in an interdisciplinary approach. The comparison was based on language puzzles, science-based building processes, the method of justification and verification, and designing an artificial language in order to express the theoretical (philosophical) and the practical (architectural) approach as well. The functionality was base

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Hasanah, Ulfatun. "Kontribusi Pemikiran Auguste Comte (Positivisme) Terhadap Dasar Pengembangan Ilmu Dakwah." Al-I'lam: Jurnal Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam 2, no. 2 (2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jail.v2i1.1261.

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Abstrak:Auguste Comte (1798-1857) merupakan seorang filsuf dari Perancis penggagas dari aliran positivisme. Istilah ini mulai digunakan Comte pada karyanya “Cours de Philosophic Positive”. Di samping sebagai seorang filsuf, Auguste Comte juga mendapat sebutan sebagai “Bapak Sosiologi Modern”. Positivisme merupakan aliran pemikiran yang menekankan validitas data secara empirik-verifikatif, sehingga pengetahuan inderawi dijadikan sebagai satu-satunya norma bagi kegiatan ilmiah. Meskipun banyak kritik, tentunya sebagai hasil filsafat, positivisme Auguste Comte ini sangat berperan penting pada per

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Wilson, Donna. "Paradigms and Nursing Management, Analysis of the Current Organizational Structure in a Large Hospital." Healthcare Management Forum 5, no. 2 (1992): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)61199-4.

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Hospitals developed over the period of time when positivism become a predominant world view. Positivism was founded by four Western trends: preponderance of hierarchy and autocracy, popularization of bureaucracy, extensive application of a machine orientation to work and predominance of “scientific” inquiry. Organizational theory developed largely from quantitative research findings arising from a positivistic world view. A case study, analyzing a current nursing organizational structure at one large hospital, is presented. Nursing management was found to be based upon the positivistic paradig

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Johnson, Branden B., and Nathan F. Dieckmann. "Lay Americans’ views of why scientists disagree with each other." Public Understanding of Science 27, no. 7 (2017): 824–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963662517738408.

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A survey experiment assessed response to five explanations of scientific disputes: problem complexity, self-interest, values, competence, and process choices (e.g. theories and methods). A US lay sample ( n = 453) did not distinguish interests from values, nor competence from process, as explanations of disputes. Process/competence was rated most likely and interests/values least; all, on average, were deemed likely to explain scientific disputes. Latent class analysis revealed distinct subgroups varying in their explanation preferences, with a more complex latent class structure for participa

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Muhsin, Muhsin. "The Effect of The Head Master of Principal's Democratic Leadership Style on Motivation of Teacher Work in State of Madrasah Aliyah, Tapaktuan." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 2, no. 1 (2019): 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v2i1.206.

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Democratic leaders always try to stimulate their members to work cooperatively to achieve common goals. Democratic leadership places humans as the main and most important factor in each group / organization. The aim is To improve employee performance, efforts are needed to arouse employee motivation and other factors that influence it. this study is a quantitative approach is one of the efforts of scientific search (scientific inquiry) which is based on logical positivism philosophy about logic, truth, laws, and predictions (Watson in Danim). The results are the study show that there is an inf

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