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Journal articles on the topic 'Scientific species names'
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1
BRANDON-JONES, DOUGLAS, J. W. DUCKWORTH, PAULINA D. JENKINS, ANTHONY B. RYLANDS, and ESTEBAN E. SARMIENTO. "The genitive of species-group scientific names formed from personal names." Zootaxa 1541, no. 1 (August 2, 2007): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1541.1.4.
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To avoid confusion with citations of a generic name and its author, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature encourages specific names based on personal names to be instigated in the genitive case. The Latin genitive suffix also indicates the gender and singular or plural state of the modified proper noun. Some zoologists have interpreted Article 31 as stipulating that these latter should always correspond with the gender and singular or plural state of the person or persons commemorated. They believe the original spelling is justifiably emended if, in their view, the author or authors have employed the incorrect suffix. We contend that the gender and singular or plural state of a noun so employed is part of its etymology and unregulated by the Code. The author's selection of suffix should be respected and the original spelling preserved. We offer a rewording of Article 31 to remedy this ambiguity.
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Ramírez-Rodríguez, Mauricio. "Relating Scientific Names to Common Names for Important Fisheries Species of the Mexican Pacific." Fisheries 40, no. 2 (February 2015): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2014.996806.
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Dellaglio, Franco, Giovanna E. Felis, and Jacques-Edouard Germond. "Should names reflect the evolution of bacterial species?" International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 279–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02782-0.
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Systematics is the process of characterizing and arranging bacterial diversity in an orderly manner, recognizing groups of similar organisms in a hierarchical scheme whose basic entity is the species. To allow the exchange of scientific knowledge, taxa have to be named. Taxa are not static entities since they are subject to evolution, the direction of which can be inferred by using a wide range of techniques targeting specific traits. However, it is not clear how this dynamism should be reflected in taxonomic nomenclature. In the present report, several considerations are presented that deal with the relationship between the evolution of taxa and their nomenclature; an example is given which concerns the nomenclature of the species Lactobacillus delbrueckii.
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Fesenko, H. V. "Traditions of usage of national species and genus names in scientific works." “Branta”: Transactions of the Azov-Black Sea Ornithological Station 2018, no. 21 (December 26, 2018): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/branta2018.21.007.
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Thúy Hà, Trần Thị, Nguyễn Thị Hương, Nguyễn Thị Hương Dịu, and Nguyễn Phúc Hưng. "Identification of fish species in some processing products using molecular markers." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 16, no. 1 (December 17, 2018): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/16/1/9813.
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This study was carried out to identify accurately fish species in the processed fish products by using molecular markers. The nucleotide sequences of the Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I gene (COI) of 20 samples from 10 different processed fish products collected in some supermarkets in Hanoi (Big C Long Bien and Aeon Mall Long Bien) were analyzed. The sequences of COI gen were compared to the published data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and The Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) in order to determine the similarity. Results showed that there were only forty percents of the total samples with the scientific names matched the names on the packed products. The matched names of fish species between scientific names and packed products at the supermarkets were Salmon Oncorhynchus mykiss, Blue shark Prionace glauca and Tra Pangasius hypophthalmus. Meanwhile, sixty percents of the total samples were identified as mislabeled products. Most of these mislabeled products were found in the products of family Pangasius, from species Pangasius hypophthalmus into species Pangasius bocourti. Although no commercial frauds were found in this study since the price of fish species Pangasius hypophthalmus was cheaper than that of fish species Pangasius bocourti, the correct scientific names of fish species should be labelled for the processed products in order to protect the consumers. The present study also showed that the DNA extraction using a kit Dneasy mericon Food of Qiagen (Germany) and the PCR reaction using Fish and MAB primers were suitable for species identification of processed fish products.
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Cline, Erica T., David F. Farr, and Amy Y. Rossman. "A Synopsis of Phytophthora with Accurate Scientific Names, Host Range, and Geographic Distribution." Plant Health Progress 9, no. 1 (January 2008): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2008-0318-01-rv.
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The genus Phytophthora includes species causing diseases such as late blight of potatoes, Phytophthora infestans, and sudden oak death and ramorum blight, P. ramorum. Because of the importance of diseases caused by Phytophthora, there is a need to have rapid access to the literature using their scientific names. The literature has been reviewed for all names in Phytophthora in order to provide the scientific name of each accepted species with authors and synonyms as well as the plant host range and worldwide geographic distribution. Within the genus Phytophthora, there are 87 accepted species and six infraspecific taxa. After compiling all available reports of Phytophthora, it was determined that 39 species and six infraspecific taxa, or about one-half of the accepted species, are not known to occur in the United States. The accurate scientific names of accepted species of Phytophthora are listed in two tables based on their presence or absence in the United States. Each species name is hyperlinked to databases that provide full synonymy and references documenting the host range and geographic distribution information. These data are continuously updated as new literature is published. Having rapid access to information about species of Phytophthora is critical for protecting the United States from the introduction of these potentially devastating pathogens. Accepted for publication 21 December 2007. Published 18 March 2008.
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YOKOGAWA, KŌJI, KEN-ICHI WATANABE, and GOTA OGIHARA. "Redescriptions of two closely related East Asian flatfish species of the genus Pleuronichthys." Zootaxa 4205, no. 1 (December 4, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4205.1.1.
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Because of the taxonomic confusion, including misapplication of their scientific names, resulting from the morphological similarity of two East Asian flatfish species, Pleuronichthys lighti Wu, 1929 and Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846), both species are redescribed, with particular emphasis on some new key characters. New common names are proposed for each species.
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Dmitriev, Dmitry. "TaxonWorks: a Use Case in Documenting of Etymology of Generic Names in Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera)." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 22, 2018): e25724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25724.
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The 3i World Auchenorrhyncha database (http://dmitriev.speciesfile.org) is being migrated into TaxonWorks (http://taxonworks.org) and comprises nomenclatural data for all known Auchenorrhyncha taxa (leafhoppers, planthoppers, treehoppers, cicadas, spittle bugs). Of all those scientific names, 8,700 are unique genus-group names (which include valid genera and subgenera as well as their synonyms). According to the Rules of Zoological Nomenclature, a properly formed species-group name when combined with a genus-group name must agree with the latter in gender if the species-group name is or ends with a Latin or Latinized adjective or participle. This provides a double challenge for researchers describing new or citing existing taxa. For each species, the knowledge about the part of speech is essential information (nouns do not change their form when associated with different generic names). For the genus, the knowledge of the gender is essential information. Every time the species is transferred from one genus to another, its ending may need to be transformed to make a proper new scientific name (a binominal name). In modern day practice, it is important, when establishing a new name, to provide information about etymology of this name and the ways it should be used in the future publications: the grammatical gender for a genus, and the part of speech for a species. The older names often do not provide enough information about their etymology to make proper construction of scientific names. That is why in the literature, we can find numerous cases where a scientific name is not formed in conformity to the Rules of Nomenclature. An attempt was made to resolve the etymology of the generic names in Auchenorrhyncha to unify and clarify nomenclatural issues in this group of insects. In TaxonWorks, the rules of nomenclature are defined using the NOMEN onthology (https://github.com/SpeciesFileGroup/nomen).
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BARABANOV, ANDREI V., and NATALIA B. ANANJEVA. "Catalogue of the available scientific species-group names for lizards of the genus Phrynocephalus Kaup, 1825 (Reptilia, Sauria, Agamidae)." Zootaxa 1399, no. 1 (January 29, 2007): 1–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1399.1.1.
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This paper is a review of the specific taxonomy of the lizard genus Phrynocephalus Kaup, 1825. From 1771 to 2002, 140 species were either described as members of this genus, or of other genera but subsequently reffered to this genus. We have tried to review all the available information on the taxonomic status of these 140 names and the status of their name-bearing types. As a result of this review, 114 types are known to be extant, including 22 lectotypes and 5 neotypes designated in the present paper. As a conclusion of this preliminary analysis, we provisionally distribute these 140 names in 37 valid species names in the genus Phrynocephalus, 102 invalid synonyms of the latter names, and 1 nominal species now referred to another genus. The new subgenus Oreosaura subgen. nov. is described to accomodate viviparous species from Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
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Moffett, R. O. "Names of the southern African species of Rhus (Anacardiaceae) and their etymology." Bothalia 24, no. 1 (October 10, 1994): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v24i1.753.
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Brief notes on the origin of the scientific names of all the Rhus species recognized in the recent revision of the genus (Moffett 1993) are given, as well as a complete list of common names for each species. Recommendations are also made on those species which should he added to or removed from the National list of indigenous trees.
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Damayanto, I. Putu Gede P., Fandri S. Fastanti, and Syadwina H. Dalimunthe. "Pemanfaatan portal basis data daring dalam validasi nama ilmiah jenis dan suku tumbuhan." Berkala Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bip.v16i2.770.
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Introduction. The study of the validation of scientific name validation at the species and family level is not widely known. This study aimed to provide information about the process of scientific name validation at the species and family level.
Data Collection Method. Data were collected from online portal databases regarding the scientific name of plant species and family. Data was analyzed in a descriptive-narrative manner.
Results and Discussions. Validation of the scientific name of species and family of plants can be conducted by searching the latest publications and using the online database portals i.e. IPNI, POWO, Tropicos, The Plant List, and GBIF. IPNI and The Plant List provide more information about species names compared to others. POWO and GBIF provide the status of the plant names and complemented with photographs of the plants, specimens, and distribution maps. Tropicos provides names of families according to the latest APG IV classification.
Conclusions. Validation through the online portal database is the fastest way, however, validation through the publication of the latest plant taxonomy revision publications is the most recommended. Validation can be initiated by using the online database portals and then confirmed by tracking the latest revised plant taxonomy publications.
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Jasper, Priscila Donegá, Eudóxia Maria Froehlich, and Fernando Jesus Carbayo-Baz. "A study on the etymology of the scientific names given to planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) by Ernest Marcus’ school." Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 61 (January 7, 2021): e20216105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2021.61.05.
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Leading zoologist and taxonomist Ernest Marcus (1893-1968) and his school described numerous new invertebrate taxa, including planarians, or triclads (Platyhelminthes). These authors rarely provided the etymology of names for the new taxa. In this paper, the etymology of 149 names of genera and specific epithets of planarians lacking etymology (or honoring people) is investigated. The etymology of most names was retrieved from original descriptive papers and from Eudóxia Maria Froehlich’s recollections, a fellow of Marcus’ school. It was discovered that the names were usually freely derived from words of the language spoken in the country where the species was found. Some names were motivated by an aspect of the biology of the species. Other names honored people or are arbitrary. The etymology of 19 names could not be retrieved and are only suggested. The origin of another 19 names could not be discovered, nor even their meaning. Knowing the etymology makes it easier to memorize a name and it is a way to preserve the historical and emotional aspects of the authors. Through the retrieved etymologies, the personality of Marcus can also be glimpsed.
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Rossman, Amy Y., and Mary E. Palm-Hernández. "Systematics of Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Why It Matters." Plant Disease 92, no. 10 (October 2008): 1376–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-10-1376.
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Systematics is the study of biological diversity; it is the science that discovers, describes, and classifies all organisms and includes taxonomy, nomenclature, and phylogeny. Scientific names accurately define a set of organisms and are used to communicate about them. As systematic scientists learn more about species, scientific names change to reflect this increased knowledge. Accurately named and precisely defined species reflect what is known about their biology, host range, and geographic distribution. Online resources are available to help users determine the accepted scientific name of fungal plant pathogens. Recent advances in the systematics of fungi are discussed, including the knowledge that: (i) true Fungi are more closely related to animals than to plants; and (ii) the Oomycetes are not true Fungi; rather they are closely related to the yellow-brown algae, known as stramenopiles or Kingdom Chromista. Using molecular data, the higher level classification of true Fungi is more precisely defined, as are fungal genera and species. In addition, the asexually reproducing fungi that constitute a majority of plant-associated fungi are being integrated into the phylogeny of the Ascomycota. The importance of documenting research on plant pathogens by depositing cultures in culture collections and voucher specimens in herbaria is emphasized.
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Moteetee, A., and B.-E. Van Wyk. "Sesotho names for exotic and indigenous edible plants in southern Africa." Bothalia 36, no. 1 (August 20, 2006): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v36i1.328.
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A comprehensive checklist of Sesotho names of both indigenous and exotic food plants is presented, based on a literature survey and the first author's experience. The list includes the scientific names. English common names and parts of the plant that are used. Where possible, the origin or meaning of the Sesotho names is given. Exotic edible plants for which the English common names are in general use have been excluded. The list includes 164 indigenous and 39 names of exotic species.
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Montero Muñoz, Iris, José María Cardiel, and Geoffrey A. Levin. "Nomenclatural review of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae) of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago)." PhytoKeys 108 (September 10, 2018): 85–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.108.27284.
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This work presents a critical nomenclatural review of the Acalypha species of the Western Indian Ocean Region (Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, the Mascarene Islands and the Seychelles Archipelago). This is the first treatment of Acalypha of Madagascar since Leandri’s monograph in 1942. A total of 151 scientific names related to Acalypha from this region are treated. We recognise 35 species (28 native and seven introduced), treat 93 names as synonyms (28 of them for the first time) and identify three as doubtful or excluded names. We designate lectotypes for 41 names, make two new combinations and propose one new name.
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Zarei, Fatah, Seyed Naseh Hosseini, Ridha Hassan Hussein, Jalal Pezeshk, Mariwan Rahim, and Loghman Maleki. "The birds of Kurdistan Province, western Iran." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 14 (December 11, 2018): 12859–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4235.10.14.12859-12906.
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A checklist of the birds of Kurdistan Province, western Iran, is presented based on records of avian species whose presence was confirmed in the area as a result of field surveys conducted from 2010 to 2018, literature review, and personal communications from researchers. This edition of the checklist includes 310 species of 23 orders and 59 families. Accepted English names, scientific names, authority, remarks on taxonomy, status, habitat, vernacular names in Kurdish, and conservation status pertaining to the birds of this region are given. Our work comprises the first ornithological document to cover all the bird species recorded to date in this province.
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Cavallari, Marcelo Mattos, and Marcos Miranda Toledo. "What is the name of the babassu? A note on the confusing use of scientific names for this important palm tree." Rodriguésia 67, no. 2 (June 2016): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201667218.
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Abstract Various scientific names are usually found for the babassu in current literature: mainly Orbignya phalerata and Attalea speciosa, but also O. speciosa and O. martiana, among others. This multiplicity of names leads to great confusion in the scientific community causing mistakes to be successively propagated. This note aims to clarify the problem, reviewing the species nomenclature history since the first description by Martius, in 1826, and reporting the successive name changes which occurred. Consequences of the lumping of four closely related genera, of recent phylogenetic studies and of the last changes in palm classification on the species nomenclature are also briefly discussed. In addition, searching results on scientific names at the main Plant Name Indexes are presented here. As a conclusion, we recommend the adoption of Attalea speciosa Mart ex. Spreng as the most suitable name for the babassu and highlight that a broad taxonomic review of the Attalea group is necessary.
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Kamalakannan, Manokaran, and Paingamadathil Ommer Nameer. "A checklist of mammals of Tamil Nadu, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 8 (June 26, 2019): 13992–4009. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4705.11.8.13992-14009.
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A checklist of mammals of Tamil Nadu State is presented in this paper. Accepted English names, scientific binomen, prevalent vernacular names in Tamil, IUCN conservation status, Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, the appendices in the CITES, endemism, the distribution of species in India, the Western Ghats & plains of Tamil Nadu, and the complete bibliography pertaining to the 132 species of mammals of Tamil Nadu are given.
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Mezhenskyj, V. M., and L. O. Mezhenska. "Nomenclature of woody plants in the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine." Ukrainian Journal of Forest and Wood Science 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/forest2021.01.008.
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The efficiency of plant resources depends on the correct use of plant names. Ukrainian names of plants belonging to the botanical and agrobiological classification are widely used in the scientific agricultural literature, but both of them are not definitively organized. The crop names have long been used in agricultural practice, in particular during the systematization of regionalized plant varieties. During the registration of a variety, the taxon to which it belongs is indicated and the taxon is indicated by this name in the State Register of Plant Varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine. The names of plants adopted in the State Register are a mixture of correct and incorrect names, which arose as a result of an unconscious adaptation of the names of agrobiological nomenclature by likening them to the names of botanical taxa. The list of registered varieties belonging to certain taxa, which are grouped by economic use there is in the State Register. Sometimes varieties and taxa are placed in inappropriate groups. Varieties belonging to the same taxon are sometimes denoted by different species names. Obsolete Latin names or their spelling has a deviation from the accepted given for some taxa of woody plants. Some of the botanical taxa are named by crop names. Russified crop names instead of specifically Ukrainian ones occur and the rules of normative transliteration of varietal names are violated. The plant names constructed in the State Register have negative impact on professional literature. They destroy the system of agrobiological nomenclature and contradict the norms of the scientific style of the literary Ukrainian language. The recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants should be followed and the «Rules of Plant Nomenclature, Taxonomy, and Cultonomy», designed to regulate Ukrainian plant names to correct these shortcomings, should be applied.
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CHRONE-VAKALOPOULOS, Maria, and Angelos VAKALOPOULOS. "Fishes and other aquatic species in the Byzantine literature. Classification, terminology and scientific names." BYZANTINA SYMMEIKTA 18 (January 16, 2009): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/byzsym.359.
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<font size="3"><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">Fishes and other aquatic species were substantial food in the every day life of Byzantine people. The predomination of Christianity contributed to the increased consumption of fishes and other seafood compared to the meat of land animals and chicken. </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">More</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">than</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">a</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">hundred</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">ten</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">names</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">of</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">fishes</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">and</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">about</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">thirty</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">names</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">of</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">other</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">aquatic</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">organisms are found in the sources of the Byzantine literature. Most frequent references are found in</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">the</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">medical </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">texts</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">of</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">the</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">Byzantine</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">doctors, where</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">, </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">fishes</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">are</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">classified</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">in</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">categories</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">depending</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">on</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">their</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">physiology</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">and</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">origin</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">, </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">because</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">, </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">according</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">to</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">the</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">writers</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">, </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">these</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">are</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">determining</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">factors</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">for</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">the</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">evaluation of the </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">nutritional</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">value</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">of</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">each</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">species</span><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">.</span></font><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'">The purpose of this study is to present the terminology of the fishes and the various aquatic species that are found in the Byzantine sources and to identify, in parallel, each species with its current scientific name. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'"><span> </span></span>
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Fesenko, Hennadiy. "Importance of idea about species in forming the common zoological nomenclature." Novitates Theriologicae, no. 12 (June 16, 2021): 342–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53452/nt1254.
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This work shows that the Latin and Ukrainian nomenclatures of the birds of the world are based on vernacular names inherent in the living language. The main principle of forming both nomenclature systems is specificity of the name of each taxon, in particular own names which denote bird species. Both systems are also based on the principles of typification and unification of names on each taxonomic level. They are guided by the principle of priority of names used for the first time in relation to the species in scientific works, but with some features in each of these names of systems, which causes some differences between them. There are examples of choosing some Ukrainian species names. In contrast to Latin, the Ukrainian nomenclature uses not only two-word bird species names, but also one-word ones. In addition, the Ukrainian species names have a certain autonomy compared to Latin, because they do not change in the case of inclusion of the species into other genus. Considerable attention was paid to the use of complex nouns inherent in the Ukrainian nomenclature of birds, and it was concluded that since they have the function of a special term, the two nouns of each pair should be written through a hyphen. An explanation has been made of several species with two-word Ukrainian names, the nouns of which should be changed because they are markers for other bird families, not those to which these species belong. The opinion is expressed that in the domestic nomenclature patronymic names are not appropriate, as they do not contain information about the species designated by them. It is necessary to choose characteristic names, i.e. those in which a certain feature of a bird is specified.
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Kreplins, T. L., A. Gaynor, M. S. Kennedy, C. M. Baudains, P. Adams, P. W. Bateman, and P. A. Fleming. "What to call a dog? A review of the common names for Australian free-ranging dogs." Pacific Conservation Biology 25, no. 2 (2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18018.
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Wildlife research is informed by human values and interests, and these are reflected in, and reinforced by, the language used to describe particular species and animals. Examining factors that influence the use of common names of contentious taxa such free-ranging dogs is important, as naming can influence the design and reception of scientific studies. There are a range of common names for free-ranging dogs in Australian scientific literature but the most common names are ‘dingoes’ and ‘wild dogs’. This review investigated influences on the terminology used to describe Australian free-ranging dogs in scientific studies from October 1952 to January 2018. Using a multidimensional scaling analysis, we tested the effects of several potential factors on terminology around Australian free-ranging dogs. We found a significant correlation between studies that reported on ‘wild dog’ control within livestock production–focussed papers and the use of the term ‘dingo’ and discussion of mesopredator release in conservation-related papers. There was a bias associated with author employment, with studies funded by a livestock production organisation more likely to employ ‘wild dog’ terminology. Year of publication and dingo purity within the locale of the study made a lesser contribution to differences in terminology. Our study explores the contextual factors that influence the choice of common names in scientific papers. Although referring to the same species, this review highlights that common terminology within scientific papers is reliant on the discussion of mesopredators release, control programs and the paper’s context.
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Zachos, Frank E., Les Christidis, and Stephen T. Garnett. "Mammalian species and the twofold nature of taxonomy: a comment on Taylor et al. 2019." Mammalia 84, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2019-0009.
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Abstract In a recently published paper, Taylor and colleagues discussed different approaches and interpretations of mammalian taxonomy and their bearing on more general issues such as conservation and evolutionary biology. We fully endorse the fundamental importance of taxonomy and its being grounded on scientific principles. However, we also deplore a lack of awareness in the literature of the fact that taxonomy is a twofold enterprise that encompasses not only (i) the scientific description and quantitative analysis of biodiversity but also (ii) an executive decision as to how the results of (i) are translated into names. This has serious ramifications for the conservation of our planet’s dwindling biodiversity and when taxonomic names are used as raw data for ecological and evolutionary analyses.
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Tayade, S. K., and D. A. Patil. "Philological Investigation of Some English Common Plant Names." Plantae Scientia 2, no. 2 (July 15, 2019): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32439/ps.v2i2.24-28.
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This communication is aimed at the scientific study of the genesis and development of common plant names as used in the English language. Every human society, whether primitive or advanced has own vocabulary developed on their observations, experience, sentiments, dogmas and customs. Every human society tries to classify and name plants in his ambience and thereby mankind celebrates the biodiversity of his time. The present authors investigated total of 79 plant species belonging to 78 genera and 53 families of angiosperms, one species being a gymnosperm. They divulged as many as 13 bases on which the common plant names in English are coined. They obviously reveal the richness and heritage of English people. The knowledge and wisdom of ancient will be certainly helpful for human welfare
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KIRÁLY, GERGELY, ZOLTÁN BARINA, and BOHUMIL TRÁVNÍČEK. "Rubus gizellae (Rosaceae), a bramble species from southeastern Europe—identification history, neotypification, and taxonomic notes." Phytotaxa 167, no. 1 (May 5, 2014): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.167.1.12.
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The genus Rubus Linnaeus (1753: 492) with nearly 700 species in Europe (Kurtto et al. 2010) constitutes an extraordinarily taxonomically critical group within the Rosaceae (Rosoideae). The richness of morphotypes combined with a poor understanding of the breeding system of apomictic brambles has resulted in the description of thousands of entities. Lack of taxonomic standards and an overwhelming number of scientific names has caused nomenclatorial chaos, which mainly has been resolved by the modern species concept developed in Europe in the late 1900s (“Weberian reform”, Weber 1999; Haveman & de Ronde 2012). However, the review of older names is an extended process and re-evaluation of names has often failed due to lack of type material.
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GUGLIELMONE, A. A., T. N. PETNEY, M. MASTROPAOLO, and R. G. ROBBINS. "Genera, subgenera, species and subspecies of hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) described, named, renamed or given new rank by Paul Schulze (1887–1949) and their current status." Zootaxa 4325, no. 1 (September 29, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4325.1.1.
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The names for 19 genera, 17 subgenera, 150 species and 150 subspecies of Ixodidae described by Paul Schulze, names changed by him after the revision of certain taxa, new ranks for names originally described by other authors, a few lapsus calamorum and some incorrect names ascribed to Schulze by other workers are discussed. Two genera (Cosmiomma and Nosomma) are valid, but most of Schulze’s subgenera are difficult to assess because of the current disarray that prevails at this classificatory level in the Ixodidae. Thirty-six of 150 species names discussed by Schulze are considered valid herein (3 species of Amblyomma, 1 Bothriocroton, 1 Cosmiomma, 6 Dermacentor, 4 Haemaphysalis, 5 Hyalomma, 13 Ixodes, 1 Nosomma and 2 Rhipicephalus), while 28 are valid species epithets that are currently assigned to different genera (e.g., Acarus undatus was formerly classified in the genus Aponomma but is currently known as Bothriocroton undatum). Twenty-nine of these valid species names were authored by Schulze or Schulze & Schlottke. The remaining species names are mostly synonyms or names that are incertae sedis, nomen nudum or lapsus calamorum. The 150 subspecific names are treated as synonyms of valid species or as nomina nuda, nomina dubia, incertae sedis or lapsus calamorum. Many names used by Schulze have been synonymized based on sound systematic research, but the justification for synonymizing other names is occasionally weak. It will be important to take these names into account if, as has already happened, future molecular and morphological studies result in the reinstatement of Schulze names currently considered synonyms. This situation has particular relevance for Amblyomma geoemydae, the Amblyomma marmoreum species complex, Amblyomma testudinarium, Oriental species of Dermacentor, Hyalomma in general, Ixodes arboricola, Ixodes canisuga, Ixodes lividus, Ixodes trianguliceps and Ixodes uriae. In conclusion, the prolific contributions of Paul Schulze have their weak points —the many species and subspecies of Hyalomma described by him are unjustified as is the alleged worldwide distribution of the former genus Aponomma—but his perception of the complexity of the genus Dermacentor (under Indocentor) in the Oriental and Australasian Zoogeographic Regions, as well as his understanding of tick biodiversity in these regions constitute seminal scientific achievements.
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Brown, John W. "Scientific Names of Pest Species in Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) Frequently Cited Erroneously in the Entomological Literature." American Entomologist 52, no. 3 (2006): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ae/52.3.182.
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Nameer, P. O. "A checklist of mammals of Kerala, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 7, no. 13 (November 17, 2015): 7971. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2000.7.13.7961-7972.
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<p>A checklist of mammals of Kerala State is presented in this paper. Accepted English names, scientific binomen, prevalent vernacular names in Malayalam, IUCN conservation status, endemism, Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, and the appendices in the CITES, pertaining to the mammals of Kerala are also given. The State of Kerala has 118 species of mammals, 15 of which are endemic to Western Ghats, and 29 species fall under the various threatened categories of IUCN. </p><div> </div>
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Nameer, P. O. "A checklist of mammals of Kerala, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 7, no. 13 (November 17, 2015): 7971. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2000.7.13.7971-7982.
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<p>A checklist of mammals of Kerala State is presented in this paper. Accepted English names, scientific binomen, prevalent vernacular names in Malayalam, IUCN conservation status, endemism, Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, and the appendices in the CITES, pertaining to the mammals of Kerala are also given. The State of Kerala has 118 species of mammals, 15 of which are endemic to Western Ghats, and 29 species fall under the various threatened categories of IUCN. </p><div> </div>
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J, Praveen. "A checklist of birds of Kerala, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 7, no. 13 (November 17, 2015): 7983. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2001.7.13.7983-8009.
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<p>A checklist of birds of Kerala State is presented in this paper. Accepted English names, scientific binomen, prevalent vernacular names in Malayalam, IUCN conservation status, endemism, Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, and the appendices in the CITES, pertaining to the birds of Kerala are also given. The State of Kerala has 500 species of birds, 17 of which are endemic to Western Ghats, and 24 species fall under the various threatened categories of IUCN.</p><div> </div>
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Das, Sandeep. "A checklist of amphibians of Kerala, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 7, no. 13 (November 17, 2015): 8023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2003.7.13.8023-8035.
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<p>A checklist of amphibians of Kerala State is presented in this paper. Accepted English names, scientific binomen, vernacular names in Malayalam, IUCN conservation status, endemism, Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, and the appendices in the CITES, pertaining to the amphibians of Kerala are also given. The State of Kerala has 151 species of amphibians, 136 of which are endemic to Western Ghats and 50 species fall under the various threatened categories of IUCN. </p><div> </div>
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TIMM, TARMO. "Aquatic microdrile Oligochaeta (Annelida, Clitellata): New nominal taxa and combinations since 1984." Zootaxa 4282, no. 3 (June 27, 2017): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4282.3.1.
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This is a catalogue of 1081 new nominal taxa and 372 new combinations or names with new ranks of available scientific names given to the oligochaetes in freshwater and marine families that have been described since the publication of the monograph by Brinkhurst & Jamieson (1971) and its supplement (Brinkhurst & Wetzel 1984). Eight names are listed for the family Alluroididae, seven for the Capilloventridae, 26 for the Haplotaxidae, 144 for the Lumbriculidae, 75 for the Naididae, two for the Opistocystidae, 11 for the Parvidrilidae, 51 for the Phreodrilidae, 34 for the Pristinidae, six for the Randiellidae, one for the Tiguassidae, and 1088 for the Tubificidae. In the Propappidae and the Narapidae there are no new names or combinations subsequent to 1984. Families with predominantly terrestrial species are excluded from this paper. More than half of the species-group names, 54.4%, belong to marine taxa.
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Previero, Marilia, Carolina V. Minte-Vera, and Rodrigo Leao de Moura. "Fisheries monitoring in Babel: fish ethnotaxonomy in a hotspot of common names." Neotropical Ichthyology 11, no. 2 (June 2013): 467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252013000200016.
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The lack of a long term, comprehensive and reliable fisheries statistics system is a major impediment to fisheries management in Brazil. Fishing is one of the main activities throughout the country's coast, with predominance of small-scale, artisanal, multigear, and multispecies captures that are landed in a pulverized network of coastal villages. Brazil is also a hotspot of common names, another feature that challenges artisanal fisheries' monitoring. We combined taxonomic and ethnobiological information to support the implementation of an artisanal fisheries' monitoring program under the co-management framework of a Marine Extractive Reserve in Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil. We surveyed 141 fishing landings, recording 86 fish species (43 families) and 52 correspondences 1:1 between local and scientific names. Broad folk categories had an average of 5.1 specific names, with "cação" (shark) being the category with more specific names (24 names to six biological species). With the exception of species that make up the bycatch captured by shrimp trawling, fisherfolks are able to identify commercially important species from both fresh specimens and photos. Common names can be reliably used in fisheries monitoring programs, and their usage facilitates the participation of fisherfolks in surveys based on voluntary or compulsory declarations of captures
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CARVALHO-BATISTA, ABNER, MARIANA TEROSSI, FERNANDO J. ZARA, FERNANDO L. MANTELATTO, and ROGÉRIO C. COSTA. "Validation of Xiphopenaeus dincao Carvalho-Batista, Terossi, Zara, Mantelatto & Costa and Xiphopenaeus baueri Carvalho-Batista, Terossi, Zara, Mantelatto & Costa (Decapoda: Penaeidae) from western Atlantic." Zootaxa 4772, no. 3 (May 11, 2020): 597–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4772.3.10.
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Two species of Penaeidae shrimp from western Atlantic were described by Carvalho-Batista et al. (2019) as Xiphopenaeus dincao and Xiphopenaeus baueri. The descriptions and figures presented by Carvalho-Batista et al. (2019) and the posterior author’s correction (Carvalho-Batista et al., 2020) characterize the species. However, the journal issue in which the description was published is online only, and the article with the new names did not include a Zoobank registration number (LSID), required for validation of new names in electronic-only publications (ICZN 2012). Thus, the names Xiphopenaeus dincao and Xiphopenaeus baueri, as published in Scientific Reports 9: 15281, is not available according the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999, 2012). Therefore, the present note serves to validate the names Xiphopenaeus dincao and Xiphopenaeus baueri by fulfilling ICZN conditions for nomenclatural availability. Type specimens of both species are deposited in Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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COSTA, HENRIQUE C. "Correction to the scientific name of two recently described Brazilian species of crickets (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae)." Zootaxa 3207, no. 1 (February 27, 2012): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3207.1.6.
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In a work published little over two years ago, Mews et al. (2009) described some new taxa of Brazilian phalangopsid crickets. Two specific names, however, were incorrectly formed under the articles of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999), leading to the need of justified emendations, according to Article 33.2.2 of the Code (ICZN 1999), which I will give below.
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SINGH, RAJEEV KUMAR. "Lectotypification of three Linnaean names in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)." Phytotaxa 321, no. 3 (September 19, 2017): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.321.3.8.
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The genus Impatiens Linnaeus (1753: 937) consists of about 1000 species, distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World as well as in the northern temperate regions (Mabberley 2008). In India there are about 215 species of Impatiens recorded so far, of which 142 species are endemic, and the highest diversity occurs in two regions, viz. the Eastern Himalayas and the Western Ghats (Singh 2016a, 2016b, Singh & Garg 2016). During an ongoing study on the systematics of Impatiens in India, a total of 37 binomials have already been lectotypified and one neotypified previously (Singh 2016a, 2016b). Linnaeus (1753) published 7 names under Impatiens [Impatiens balsamina Linnaeus (1753: 938), I chinensis Linnaeus (1753: 937), I. cornuta Linnaeus (1753: 937), I. latifolia Linnaeus (1753: 937), I. oppositifolia Linnaeus (1753: 937), I. triflora Linnaeus (1753: 938) and I. noli-tangere Linnaeus (1753: 938)] in Species Plantarum. The names I. chinensis, I. cornuta and I. latifolia appear to be yet untypified and are investigated here as a part of systematic study of this genus in India. The designation of the nomenclatural type for these names is based on an assessment of Linnaeus’s original materials and the literature cited in protologue. The images of the selected lectotypes specimens at BM and LINN are available online (http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/scientific-resources/collections/botanical-collections and http://linnean-online.org/linnaean_herbarium.html).
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Lyngdoh, Adrian Wansaindor, Honnavalli Nagaraj Kumara, P. V. Karunakaran, and Santhanakrishnan Babu. "A review on status of mammals in Meghalaya, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 15 (December 26, 2019): 14955–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5192.11.15.14955-14970.
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In this paper we present an updated checklist of mammals found in Meghalaya. Using online databases and search engines for available literature, we provide the scientific names, accepted English names, conservation status as per IUCN Red List, Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, appendices in CITES, local distribution status, endemism, last reported sighting, an account of previous studies carried out relative to mammals and a tentative bibliography of the mammalian species found in Meghalaya. A total of 162 species were found to be existing in the state with Chiropterans forming the largest group and 27 species found to be threatened, seven Near Threatened and seven Data Deficient.
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Pinto, Diana, Naima Rahmouni, Noureddine Beghidja, and Artur Silva. "Scabiosa Genus: A Rich Source of Bioactive Metabolites." Medicines 5, no. 4 (October 9, 2018): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines5040110.
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The genus Scabiosa (family Caprifoliaceae) is considered large (618 scientific plant names of species) although only 62 have accepted Latin binominal names. The majority of the Scabiosa species are widely distributed in the Mediterranean region and some Scabiosa species are used in traditional medicine systems. For instance, Scabiosa columbaria L. is used traditionally against diphtheria while S. comosa Fisch. Ex Roem. and Schult. is used in Mongolian and Tibetan traditional medical settings to treat liver diseases. The richness of Scabiosa species in secondary metabolites such as iridoids, flavonoids and pentacyclic triterpenoids may contribute to its use in folk medicine. Details on the most recent and relevant pharmacological in vivo studies on the bioactive secondary metabolites isolated from Scabiosa species will be summarized and thoroughly discussed.
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Patil, D. A., and S. B. Khairnar. "Plants Seem Prima Facie Indian But Alien In Origin: A Nomenclatural Chaos." Plantae Scientia 4, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32439/ps.v4i2.117-120.
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The alien species, as the native ones, are assigned two names. These are based on choice of nomenclaturist. The nominclaturists are preforce been forced to adapt the scientific names in accordance with the rules and principles of ICN (International Code of Nomenclature) for uniformity and convenience internationally. The present authors could notice some plant taxa which by their names and on etymological analysis, prima facie, appear to be Indian species. The fact is, however, contrary. When select 26 such species were studied critically for their nativity consulting relevant literature, they turned out to be aliens. Maximum alien species belong to various parts of American continent, while other regions or countries are represented by a few or a single species each. The taxa which appear to be Indian but basically they are aliens, a new term ‘pseudo-native’ for them is proposed. The authors also pointed out necessity to have evaluation regarding exotic status of species of flora of a region for better management of plant-wealth in future.
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Patel, BD, A. Upadhayaya, and NN Tiwari. "Binomial nomenclature and its relation to nomenclature of medicinal plants in Classical literatures." Journal of Ayurveda Campus 1, no. 1 (October 19, 2020): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51648/jac.11.
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Background: Practice of Ayurveda nomenclature (Nāmākaranam) of dravyas (Medicinal Plants) in Ayurveda traces back to the Vedic periods which is supposed to be 5000 B.C. In Vedas, plants were named after mythological belief, structure of plant’s part resembling with part of birds and animals, or rituals uses, uddabhava sthana (Habitat), svarūpa (morphological characters), karma (Pharmacological action), etc. It got scientific basis in samhitas period and named more than thousand dravyas by close observation of morphological characters, habit and habitat, and therapeutic uses. However, it states that basis of Nāmākaranam of dravyas was elaborated in Nighantus and enriched with more terminologies, and hence it is known as parayāyas (synonyms). Recently, Bentham & Hooker’s binomial nomenclature has been practiced in Ayurveda so that uniformity of Dravyas names can be maintained and accepted worldwide.
Aim and objective: The main objective of this review is to explore methodology of Nāmākaranam in Vedas, samhitas and Nighantus and its relationship with binomial nomenclature. Material and method: Ayurvedic literatures and surfing web was main sources of gathering information related to names of plants.
Results: Nāmākaranam of plants was found to be based on scientific evidences that describe morphological features, habit and habitat, therapeutic indications, and physical and chemical properties, doctrine of signature, source of raw materials for industries or home made products, etc. For instance, the name catuḥsira for asthisamharī coined in śabdacandrikā suggests its quadrangular stem on which the Latin name Cissus quadrangularis Linn. has been accepted. Some more names can be suggested like Bahusutā (Asparagus racemosa Linn.), Raktāngi (Rubia cordifolia), Sthirasāra (Tectona grandis), Gudatvak (Cinnamomum tamala), Visākha (Boerhaavia diffusa), etc. On the basis of above examples, it can be revealed that binomial nomenclature is improved ones of Ayurveda nomenclature for its acceptance worldwide.
Conclusion: Names of plants mentioned in Vedas and Samhitas; and parayāyas in Nighantus are based on its udabhava, svarūpa, karma, sādharma, ruḍhī, svabhāva, lokopayoga, etc. Which are also considered by Bentham & Hooker’s binomial nomenclature to coin scientific name of plant species.
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Branquinho, Raquel, Günter Klein, Peter Kämpfer, and Luísa V. Peixe. "The status of the species Bacillus aerophilus and Bacillus stratosphericus. Request for an Opinion." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 65, Pt_3 (March 1, 2015): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.000004.
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During a study assessing the diversity of the Bacillus pumilus group it became apparent that the type strains of both Bacillus aerophilus and Bacillus stratosphericus were not available from any established culture collection, nor from the authors who originally described them. Therefore, type strains of these species cannot be included in any further scientific studies. It is therefore proposed that the Judicial Commission of the International Committee of Systematics of Prokaryotes place the names Bacillus aerophilus and Bacillus stratosphericus on the list of rejected names, if suitable replacements for the type strains are not found or if neotype strains are not proposed within two years following the publication of this Request for an Opinion.
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Simon, Carol, Jyothi Kara, Alheit du Toit, Hendré van Rensburg, Caveshlin Naidoo, and Conrad A. Matthee. "Reeling them in: taxonomy of marine annelids used as bait by anglers in the Western Cape Province, South Africa." PeerJ 9 (August 20, 2021): e11847. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11847.
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Background Common names are frequently used inconsistently for marine annelid species used as bait in the peer-reviewed literature, field guides and legislative material. The taxonomy of many such species based on morphology only also ignores cryptic divergences not yet detected. Such inconsistencies hamper effective management of marine annelids, especially as fishing for recreation and subsistence is increasing. This study investigates the scale of the problem by studying the use and names of bait marine annelids in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Methods Fifteen recreational and six subsistence fishers at 12 popular fishing sites in the Western Cape Province donated 194 worms which they identified by common name. Worms were assigned scientific names according to a standard identification key for polychaetes from South Africa, and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) amplified and sequenced. Results This study identified 11 nominal species known by 10 common names, in the families Siphonosomatidae, Arenicolidae, Sabellaridae, Lumbrineridae, Eunicidae, Onuphidae and Nereididae. Cryptic diversity was investigated through employing mitochondrial COI sequences and these data will facilitate future identifications among widely distributed species. Several species (Siphonosoma dayi, Abarenicola gilchristi, Scoletoma species, Marphysa corallina, Lysidice natalensis, Heptaceras quinquedens, Perinereis latipalpa) are reported as bait for the first time, and while the names blood- and moonshineworms were consistently applied to members of Arenicolidae and Onuphidae, respectively, coralworm was applied to members of Sabellaridae and Nereididae. Analysis of COI sequences supported morphological investigations that revealed the presence of two taxonomic units each for specimens initially identified as Gunnarea gaimardi and Scoletoma tetraura according to identification keys. Similarly, sequences for Scoletoma species and Lysidice natalensis generated in this study do not match those from specimens in China and India, respectively. Further research is required to resolve the species complexes detected and also to refine the use of names by fishermen over a wider geographic range.
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GAWAS, SANDESH M., P. GIRISH KUMAR, ARATI PANNURE, ANKITA GUPTA, and JAMES M. CARPENTER. "An annotated distributional checklist of Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) of India." Zootaxa 4784, no. 1 (May 28, 2020): 1–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4784.1.1.
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This study presents a checklist of the vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) of India. A total of 288 species belonging to 60 genera and 5 subfamilies of Vespidae are known to occur within the political boundaries of India. A complete list of species, comprising valid scientific names, synonyms, geographical distribution within and outside India, along with references, is provided. One new synonymy is proposed.
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EHMKE, GLENN, JAMES A. FITZSIMONS, and STEPHEN T. GARNETT. "Standardising English names for Australian bird subspecies as a conservation tool." Bird Conservation International 28, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270916000538.
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SummaryOver the last 25 years subspecies have become an important unit of bird conservation in Australia. Some have evocative common English names which have allowed the subspecies to be vested with meaning among conservation advocates, evoking feelings of concern, loyalty and affection. This suggests that providing subspecies with stable English names can allow development of a ‘brand’ among those in need of conservation action. Also, since scientific names often change with knowledge of taxonomic relationships among birds, a stable list of standardised English names for all species and subspecies can minimise confusion and ambiguity among the public and in legislation. Here we present the arguments for creating a standardised list of English names for Australian bird subspecies and set out principles for formulating subspecies names, along with a list of the names themselves, with the aim of building the general public’s attachment to subspecies, increasing interest in their conservation and as subjects of research.
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Rookmaaker, L. C., and Florence F. J. M. Pieters. "Birds in the sales catalogue of Adriaan Vroeg (1764) described by Pallas and Vosmaer." Contributions to Zoology 69, no. 4 (2000): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-06904005.
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On 6 October 1764, Adriaan Vroeg sold his collection of birds, insects and a few other animals by auction. The sales catalogue was published anonymously, but contained several scientific names of birds, which have nomenclatorial standing. Only three copies of this catalogue are known. The appendix entitled “Adumbratiunculae” has previously been attributed to Peter Simon Pallas, who is quoted as author of the new names of birds. In the present note, the main text is credited to Arnout Vosmaer, on the basis of contemporary references. Where the species names proposed by Vosmaer are synonyms of those published by Pallas in the same volume, the latter are selected, because some names have been validly used before with Pallas as the author.
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Kryštufek, Boris, and Alexandr A. Pozdnyakov. "Common names for Cricetus cricetus (Rodentia: Cricetidae)." Lynx new series 49, no. 1 (2018): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lynx-2018-0014.
Full textAbstract:
We list over a hundred vernacular names for Cricetus cricetus, which are in use in English and in languages spoken within the distribution range of the species. These names belong to 36 languages (including three historical languages: Old Slavonic, Old Czech, Old High German) from nine linguistic groups: Slavic (13 spoken languages), Uralic (6), Turkic (4), German (3), Romanic (3), Romani (1), Iranian (1), Mongolic (1), and Chinese (1). The two currently most used names (Hamster, Cricetus) have roots in Slavic languages. “Hamster” and names related to it (Hamsterul, Homyak, Chomik, Komak) originate from the Old Slavonic “Homěstor”. “Skrzeczeck”/“Skreczecz” (Polish) is an example of onomatopoeia, an imitation of the hamster’s vocalization and is closely associated with various names in other Slavic languages (Skrečok, Křeč, Křeček, Chrček, Hrček, Hrčak, Gerčik), German (Grentsch, Krietsch), Romanian (Hârciog), and Hungarian (Hörcsög), and with the scientific tautonym Cricetus cricetus. Cricetus was first used by Albertus Magnus in the 13th century.
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Eagles, Paul F. J., and Hector Ceballos-Lascurain. "Bias in American Ornithologists' Union Bird Names." Canadian Field-Naturalist 123, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v123i3.980.
Full textAbstract:
Ornithology has developed bodies to make collective decisions on the taxonomy, scientific names, and common names of birds. This tradition within ornithology assists with communication and reduces confusion. For North and Central America, a committee of the American Ornithologists' Union standardizes the taxonomy and nomenclature of all the birds that naturally occur within that area. This paper makes the point that this activity has been dominated by members from the United States, with insufficient attention paid to the appropriate use of the term "American" or to the concerns of citizens of countries other than the USA. As a result, the term "American" is used inappropriately as a synonym for North American in a geographic distribution sense. In addition, the terms "Canadian" and "Mexican" are used very sparingly or not at all in the English common name for species that occur in those countries. Suggestions are made with regards to the membership of the nomenclature committee and for remedying this problem with English common names.
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Abdul-Rassoul, M. S. "Checklist of Mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Insecta) from Iraq." Iraq Natural History Museum Publication -, no. 37 (May 30, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26842/inhmp.7.2020.05.37.0016.
Full textAbstract:
This work provides the updatedchecklistof the mayfly (Ephemeroptera) fauna of Iraq;it consists of 30species belonging to 18genera and 10families. The highest number of species belongs to the familiesof Baetidaeand Heptageniidae, whereas the lowest in Ephemeridae, Leptophlebiidae andPalingeniidae that appeared with only one species for each of them.The current investigation is a contribution to the knowledge regarding thebiodiversity of mayflies, with mentioning the synonyms of the species and correcting the scientific names that found in previous publicationsin Iraq.
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Spies, Martin. "On selected family-group names in Chironomidae (Insecta, Diptera), and related nomenclature." Zootaxa 894, no. 1 (March 10, 2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.894.1.1.
Full textAbstract:
The most relevant scientific names of subfamilies, tribes, and subtribes with extant members in Chironomidae are tabulated and discussed. Nomenclature is unified and stabilized, resulting in the following changed spellings or data. Family-group names: Boreoheptagyiini Brundin, 1966; Chironomidae Newman, 1834; Diamesinae Kieffer, 1922; Harrisonini Brundin, 1966; Heptagyiini Brundin, 1966; Macropelopiini ZavÍel, 1929; Pentaneurini Hennig, 1950; Podonominae Thienemann & Edwards in Thienemann, 1937; Protanypodini Brundin, 1956; Tanytarsini ZavÍel, 1917. Genus-group name: Zavrelia Kieffer, Thienemann & Bause in Bause, 1913. Species-group names: Lasiodiamesa serpentina Edwards & Thienemann in Thienemann, 1937; Zavrelia pentatoma Kieffer & Bause in Bause, 1913. Applications for rulings by the ICZN will be submitted to try to A) conserve Coelotanypodini Fittkau, 1962 in place of a senior synonym; B) fix the type species of Orthocladius van der Wulp, and conserve Orthocladiinae Kieffer, 1911 in place of two senior synonyms; C) fix the type species of Tanypus Meigen, and render Tanypodinae available from Kieffer (1906) rather than from Skuse (1889; type genus misidentified); and D) conserve Zavreliina Sæther, 1977 in place of a senior synonym.
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Tindall, B. J. "A note on the genus name Rhodococcus Zopf 1891 and its homonyms." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_3 (March 1, 2014): 1062–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.060624-0.
Full textAbstract:
The genus name Rhodococcus Zopf 1891 was created to accommodate two species of red pigment (lipochrome)-producing bacteria. However, the genus name Rhodococcus Hansgirg 1884 had already been applied to an algal taxon. The wording of the 1975 and subsequent revisions of the Code dealing with bacteria/prokaryotes is such that the name Rhodococcus Zopf 1891 is illegitimate, despite the fact that it was included on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Further research using databases of scientific names of organisms indicate the status of the name Rhodococcus Zopf 1891 needs to be carefully considered.