Academic literature on the topic 'Sclerosing injection'

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Journal articles on the topic "Sclerosing injection"

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Kerner, Jutta, and Ulrich Schultz-Ehrenburg. "Functional Meaning of Different Injection Levels in the Course of Sclerotherapy." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 4, no. 2 (June 1989): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835558900400210.

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The successive changes of vein function in the course of sclerotherapy were studied by non-invasive photoplethysmography. The effect of injection at different levels was analysed in 30 patients, 22 with long saphenous varicosis, four with short saphenous varicosis and four with long saphenous varicosis and leg ulcers. The first two groups were treated by injections descending from the *crosse (saphenofemoral or saphenopo-pliteal junction) according to the method of Tournay. The third group (with leg ulcers) were treated by ascending injections, beginning adjacent to the ulcer and ending with crosse injection. Three case-reports are given, of one in each group, to show the typical changes of vein function in the different sclerosing methods. Crosse obliteration proved to be the most important step in improving vein function. It was followed by sclerosing of perforators of the lower leg, which influenced vein function in varying ways. Sclerosing remaining varicose dilations only optimized the cosmetic results without any measurable effect on vein function. According to our observations, failure to correct sapheno-femoral respectively sapheno-popliteal incompetence is inadequate treatment.
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Ademi Abdyli, Resmije, Yll Abdyli, Feriall Perjuci, Ali Gashi, Zana Agani, and Jehona Ahmedi. "Sclerotherapy of Intraoral Superficial Hemangioma." Case Reports in Dentistry 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4320102.

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Hemangioma is the clinical term for a benign vascular neoplasm due to proliferation of the endothelial lining of blood vessels. Their most frequent location is the body skin and oral mucosa. One of the treatment modalities for hemangiomas is intralesional injection of sclerosing agents which cause the damage of blood vessels followed by their obliteration. The objective of the study was to describe the facility of application and evaluate the efficiency of sclerotherapy with aethoxysklerol 1%.Method. The case presented with intraoral submucosal hemangioma of the cheek was treated by intralesional injection of aethoxysklerol 3% diluted in water for injections at a 4 : 1 ratio (0.75%) at the first appointment and 3 : 1 (1%) at the second appointment. The effect of sclerotherapy was evaluated on the following visits in time intervals of two weeks.Results. The hemangioma disappeared without complications after the second injection of aethoxysklerol 1%. The successful results of the study were comparable to the data of literature with variations according to the used sclerosant agent, its concentration, the number of injections, and the intervals between each session.Conclusion. Since sclerotherapy is a very effective, inexpensive, and easy-to-apply treatment, it should be the treatment of choice, especially for intraoral superficial hemangiomas.
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Seccia, Antonio, and Marzia Salgarello. "Treatment of Angiomas with Sclerosing Injection of Hydroxypolyethoxydodecan." Angiology 42, no. 1 (January 1991): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000331979104200104.

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Hafner, F., H. Froehlich, T. Gary, and M. Brodmann. "Intra-arterial injection, a rare but serious complication of sclerotherapy." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 28, no. 2 (March 2013): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/phleb.2011.011155.

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Intra-arterial injections represent the most feared complication of sclerotherapy for varicose veins. We present a case of an inadvertent intra-arterial injection of polidocanol at the left medial calf in a 59-year-old woman with subsequent arterial occlusions of the posterior tibial artery and foot arteries. Despite several therapeutic interventions, lower-limb amputation could not be prevented. We conducted a PubMed search for articles reporting arterial complications related to sclerotherapy, in order to evaluate aetiology, clinical presentation, therapeutic management and outcome of sclerotherapy-associated intra-arterial injections during the past 50 years. Intra-arterial injection of a sclerosing solution was reported in 63 cases, mostly after injection near the ankle region or the distal medial calf. Clinical presentation was frequently characterized by immediate pain during injection and distal ischaemia with subsequent tissue loss. Despite several treatment approaches, amputation could not be prevented in 31 cases (52.5%). The pathophysiology of arterial complications related to intra-arterial injection and advisable therapeutic interventions are discussed. Inadvertent intra-arterial injection represents a limb-threatening complication of sclerotherapy. Target-oriented and prompt therapy seems inevitable in order to reduce the risk of permanent tissue loss and amputation.
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Shan, Shi-Jun, and Ying Guo. "Exenatide-Induced Eosinophilic Sclerosing Lipogranuloma at the Injection Site." American Journal of Dermatopathology 36, no. 6 (June 2014): 510–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dad.0000000000000036.

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Choi, Jae Duck, and Eun Suk Lee. "Sclerosing Lipogranuloma by Subcutaneous Injection of Squalene into Penis." Korean Journal of Urology 48, no. 1 (2007): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4111/kju.2007.48.1.107.

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Mann, Margaret W. "Sclerotherapy – How to Achieve a Spectacular Outcome." Phlebologie 49, no. 04 (July 9, 2020): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1195-4262.

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AbstractWhen performed correctly, sclerotherapy results in fibrous occlusion that is not amenable to recanalization. Paramount to success is adequate contact time of a sclerosant to the endothelial cells to cause sufficient damage to the vein while minimizing side effects. To optimize sclerotherapy results, one needs to choose the right patient and the right vein and then use the proper sclerosing agent and injection techniques. This paper will review current literature on sclerotherapy, as well as tips and tricks to optimize outcome and minimize complications.
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Morgan, Peter, Wendy Monaghan, and Simon Richards. "A Systematic Review of Ultrasound-Guided and Non–Ultrasound-Guided Therapeutic Injections to Treat Morton's Neuroma." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 104, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/0003-0538-104.4.337.

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Background Morton's neuroma is a frequently painful condition of the forefoot, causing patients to seek medical care to alleviate symptoms. A plethora of therapeutic options is available, some of which include injection therapies. Researchers have investigated injection therapy for Morton's neuroma, and latterly the evidence base has been augmented with methods that use diagnostic ultrasound as a vehicle to deliver the injectate under image guidance for additional accuracy. To date, there seems to be no consensus that ultrasound-guided injections provide better therapeutic outcomes than nonguided injections for the treatment of Morton's neuroma. Methods A systematic review was chosen because this method can undertake such a process. The review process identified 13 key papers using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, which then underwent methodological quality assessment using a pretested Quality Index. A narrative synthesis of the review findings is presented in light of the heterogeneity of the data from the extraction process. Results This systematic review provides an argument that ultrasound guidance can produce better short- and long-term pain relief for corticosteroid injections, can reduce the need for additional procedures in a series of sclerosing alcohol injections, can reduce the surgical referral rate, and can add efficacy to a single injection. Conclusions Ultrasound guidance should be considered for injection therapy in the management of Morton's neuroma.
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Thomas, Joel, Jonathan J. Lee, Timothy Patton, and Sonal Choudhary. "Facial Sclerosing Lipogranuloma After Self-Injection of Homemade Tissue Filler." Dermatologic Surgery 46, no. 5 (May 2020): 711–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dss.0000000000001904.

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Tatemichi, M., H. Nagata, E. Sekizuka, T. Morishita, M. Miyairi, M. Tsuchiya, and H. Ishii. "Differences in hemostasis among sclerosing agents in endoscopic injection sclerotherapy." Digestive Diseases and Sciences 41, no. 3 (March 1996): 562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02282342.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sclerosing injection"

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Willberg, Lotta. "Patellar and Achilles tendinopathy : sclerosing injections and ultrasound guided arthroscopic shaving." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Idrottsmedicin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-80194.

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Chronic painful tendinopathy is a common cause for elite- and recreational athletes to stop or decrease the level of their sports activity. Recent research on innervation patterns, histopathology and possible pain mechanisms in tendons has led to an increased knowledge about the chronic painful tendon. Ultrasound (US) and colourDoppler (CD) examination showing localized high blood flow, inside and outside regions with structural tendon abnormalities, has been shown to be of importance for tendon pain. Immuno-histochemical analyses of biopsies have shown sensory and sympathetic nerves in close relation to the high blood flow outside the tendon. These findings have led to new ideas about development of new treatment methods for chronic painful tendinopathy. In study I, we evaluated the already in use, US-guided sclerosing polidocanol injection treatment of midportion Achilles tendinopathy, using two different concentrations of the substance. This study aimed to find out if there was a faster return to pain-free activity by using the concentration 10 mg/ml compared to the formerly used 5 mg/ml. There were no significant differences in the clinical results between the groups. In study II - Technical note, we aimed to develop a new one-stage surgical treatment method for patellar tendinopathy. This method was based on research concerning the innervation patterns and US and CD findings in patellar tendinopathy/ “jumper’s knee”. Technically we added ultrasound guidance to knee arthroscopy to identify and visualize the region of interest during a surgical shaving procedure. In study III, we tested the newly invented US and CD-guided arthroscopic shaving technique in a pilot study. The short-term clinical results were promising and the majority of the patients returned to pain-free activity after a short rehabilitation period. In study IV, we compared the US and CD-guided artrhroscopic shaving method with the already in use sclerosing polidocanol injection treatment in a randomized study. At short-term follow-up, the patients treated with US and CD-guided arthroscopic shaving had significantly less pain during rest and activity, were significantly more satisfied with the treatment, and had a faster return to sports, compared to the patients in the sclerosing injection group. There were no complications. In study V, at longer-term followup (endpoint 46 months) there was a significant decrease in pain during activity in both groups. There were no remaining significant differences in the pain levels during activity between the groups. The tendon structure had improved significantly in both groups. There was a significant decrease in the antero-posterior thickness of the proximal patellar tendon in patients treated with US and CD-guided arthroscopic shaving, but not in the sclerosing injection group. The CD flow had diminished significantly in both groups, and there was a correlation between low CD flow and high patient satisfaction in both groups, The CD flow decreased faster in the surgical group than in the injection group. In conclusion, this newly invented US and CD-guided arthroscopic shaving treatment, focusing on treatment outside the tendon, has shown good clinical results with pain relief and a fast return to sports activity, in patients with patellar tendinopathy.
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O’Gorman, Maurice R. G. "Reduced in vitro IgG secretion following in vivo injection of interferon (wellferon R) in multiple sclerosis patients." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24876.

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An in vitro IgG secretion assay was developed to investigate the regulation of the humoral immune response in humans. Pokeweed mitogen (PWM), a plant lectin derived from Phytolacca americana stimulates human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) to divide and resting B-lymphocytes to differentiate into immunoglobulin secreting cells (ISC). This differentiation requires that both monocytes and T-lymphocytes be present in the culture system. The amount of IgG secreted by these differentiated B-lymphocytes in response to PWM appears to be the net result of a balance between the functional activity of the regulatory T-helper and T-suppressor cells. Alterations, qualitative or quantitative in any of these leukocyte subsets could conceivably alter the amount of IgG secreted by the B-lymphocyte subpopulation. We have employed this assay to investigate the immune status in a group of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and to assess the immunoregulatory effects of interferon (Wellferon R, INF) administered in vivo to this selected group. Their mononuclear cells (MNC) were studied in this PWM induced IgG secretion assay before INF treatment and again after 7 days of daily sub-cutaneous injections (5 X 10⁶ u/day). Twenty patients received the interferon (INF) preparation and eighteen received normal saline. The study was carried out in a double blind manner and the code was broken only after individual results had been calculated.
Medicine, Faculty of
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of
Graduate
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Hammar, Clausen Adrian. "Follow-up of Patients Treated with Sclerosing Therapy and/or Surgery for Achilles Tendinopathy." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-72993.

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Introduction: Achilles tendinopathy can be a chronic disabling condition. Sclerosing injections under ultrasonographic guidance is one method to treat Achilles tendinopathy. Initially good results have later been questioned. Surgery is another treatment option that has been questioned because of varying reported success rate. Aim: We aimed to assess patient- reported outcome in patients suffering from Achilles tendinopathy, treated with sclerosing injections and/or surgery during a 6 ½ year- period. Method: After review of patient records, the Self-reported foot and ankle score (SEFAS) together with an in-house satisfaction questionnaire were mailed to the patients. A SEFAS score of 48 represents normal foot/ankle function. Results: 97 patients (53 women, 44 men, 104 tendons) were included. 69 patients (41 women, 28 men, 75 tendons) returned the questionnaires. The SEFAS values (median and range) were 37.5 (13-48) in patients treated with sclerosing therapy, 42 (15-48) in patients treated surgically and 47 (19-48) in patients that received both treatments. A greater proportion of surgically treated patients were satisfied (90% vs 50%), experienced symptom improvement and were able to return to the previous level of activity. Complications following surgery were wound infections (n=3) and deep vein thrombosis (n=3), two with pulmonary embolism. Following sclerosing injection, there was one complete Achilles tendon rupture. Conclusion: Sclerosing injections seems to be a safe treatment and a positive outcome in 50% of patients might be sufficient to use this therapy in selected patients with Achilles tendinopathy. However, surgical treatments seem more effective but are associated with more severe complications.
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Terceiro, Joana Maria Luís. "Design de um equipamento de medicação injetável subcutânea para o tratamento de esclerose múltipla." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17992.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Design, com a especialização em Design de Produto apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.
darmos cada vez mais atenção a estas doenças. Esta dissertação teórico-prática foca-se numa doença crónica, a Esclerose Múltipla (EM), considerada uma doença contemporânea. O principal objetivo desta investigação é contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida de quem sofre com esta doença. Neste caso específico, a melhoria da qualidade de vida destes pacientes passa pela otimização do ato da injeção do tratamento, fazendo com que a medicação seja administrada corretamente, e reduzindo os efeitos secundários de um mau tratamento. O redesign dos injetores poderá fazer com que a taxa de insatisfação destes doentes em relação ao injetor diminua, e com que a taxa de sucesso aumente, criando uma boa relação entre os pacientes e os tratamentos. Assumimos como grupo-alvo as pessoas com capacidades mais reduzidas e na faixa etária compreendida entre os 25 e os 50 anos, pois os primeiros sintomas surgem ainda numa faixa etária jovem. Com a evolução e progressão desta doença, os pacientes vão perdendo capacidades mentais e motoras, como por exemplo, a visão, a força, a memória, entre outras. A metodologia utilizada nesta dissertação consistiu: (1) revisão da literatura; (2) levantamento e análise dos equipamentos atuais; (3) investigação através de entrevistas exploratórias; (4) investigação ativa através da criação de vários protótipos de um dispositivo; (5) testes do dispositivo com possíveis utilizadores. Como resultado final desta dissertação teórico-prática propomos um dispositivo injetor subcutâneo para o tratamento da Esclerose Múltipla, especialmente desenvolvido para um público-alvo jovem-adulto com dificuldades motoras e cognitivas, de forma a melhorar o tratamento desta patologia e, consequentemente, a qualidade de vida destes pacientes.
ABSTRACT: Nowadays, the number of chronically ill people has been increasing and more attention has to be paid to these diseases. The subject of this theoretical-practical dissertation focuses on one of these, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), considered a contemporary disease. The main objective of this research is to contribute to the improve the quality of life of people suffering from this disease. In this specific case, the improvement of the quality of life of these patients goes through the optimization of the injection, in order to reduce the side effects of an unsuitable treatment. Redesigning these injectors may lead to a lower rate of patient dissatisfaction with the injector and therefore increase the success rate of treatments, creating a good relationship between patients and treatment. In this investigation, we have as target people with MS and disabilities, between 25 and 50 years old, as the first symptoms appear in a young age. As MS progresses, people loose mental and motor cabilities, such as sight vision, strength, memory, among others. The methodology used in this dissertation consisted of: (1) literature review; (2) survey of current equipment; (3) research through exploratory interviews; (4) active research through the creation of several test models of a device; (5) tests of the model with possible users. As a final result of this theoretical-practical dissertation we have a subcutaneous injector device for treatment of Multiple Sclerosis, mostly for a young target audience with motor and cognitive difficulties, in order to improve the success of the treatment and the quality of life of these patients.
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Donatone, Brooke. "Testing the Feasibility of a Manualized Hypnotic Intervention for Pain, Injection Anxiety, and Medication Side-Effects| A Pilot Study with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients." Thesis, New York University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3608566.

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This study tested the effects of hypnosis for injection anxiety, medication side-effects from injectable medications, and general pain with patients who have MS. This seven- to nine-week hypnotic protocol was implemented based on the Palsson hypnosis protocol for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (2006).

The subjects were randomly assigned to receive in-person hypnosis in addition to listening to a self-hypnosis CD at home five days per week (N=13), or to a standard care group where they received no additional intervention for seven to nine weeks (N=14). The standard care group could listen to a self-hypnosis CD at home five days per week with no in-person treatment.

An additional goal of this randomized control trial was to teach patients to practice self-hypnosis to improve disease self-management and self-efficacy.

Paired t-tests were conducted from baseline to Time 3 in both groups to assess the significance of changes in the mean scores over time. The experimental group did not yield statistically significant results over time from baseline to Time 3 in medication side-effects or pain. However, the results did indicate a marginally significant (p=.09) decrease in injection anxiety. In addition, the experimental group showed statistically significant improvement in self-efficacy over time (p=.025), compared with the control group. The latter did not demonstrate any changes in self-efficacy. As expected, the control group did not show any statistically significant changes in their scores from baseline to Time 3 in injection anxiety, medication side-effects, or pain.

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Kao, Chen-Yu. "Local and sustained delivery of hydrophobic drugs to the spinal cord with polyketal microparticles." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37304.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating disease. Currently, there is no cure for this disease, and effective treatment strategies are greatly needed. Calpain activation plays a major role in the motor neuron degeneration that causes ALS. Therefore, therapeutic strategies can inhibit calpain activity in the central nervous system (CNS) have great clinical potential. The calpain inhibitors AK295 and MDL-28170 have been demonstrated to be neuroprotective in animal models of neurological injury, and should have great potential to treat ALS; however delivery problems have hindered their clinical success. Therefore, development of a new strategy that can locally deliver the calpain inhibitors to the central nervous system could significantly improve the treatment of ALS. The objectives of my thesis research were (1) to develop high molecular weight polyketals that provide sustained release properties for hydrophobic molecules, (2) to formulate calpain inhibitor-encapsulated polyketal microparticles which have a release half life of one month in vitro, (3) and to evaluate the performance of polyketal microparticles for delivering calpain inhibitors to the spinal cord in vivo. In completing these specific aims, we have developed biodegradable polymeric microparticles for the delivery of calpain inhibitors, AK295 and MDL-28170 to treat ALS. The results of calpain assays showed that both AK-PKMs and MDL-PKMs maintained most of their inhibitory activities even after the robust emulsion process. The in vitro release profile of MDL-28170 in MDL-PKMs showed that 50 % of the drug was released in the first 30 days. Experiments using dye-encapsulated microparticles showed that polyketal microparticles (1-2 ìm) are not easily cleared in the neutral physiological environment and can have potential to continuously release drug from the injection sites in the spinal cord. The efficacy of calpain inhibitor-encapsulated PKMs were studied by evaluation the behavior and survival of SOD1G93A rats, a genetic rat model for ALS. We observed the trend toward improvements in grip strength and rotarod performance in the first two months from the AK-PKMs treated group, however, further improvements are needed to enhance their in vivo efficacy.
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Lagumersindez, Denis Nielsen. "Immunopathogenesis of cortical demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-8638-F.

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Books on the topic "Sclerosing injection"

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Hauser, Ross A. Prolo your pain away!: Curing chronic pain with prolotherapy. Oak Park, Ill: Beulah Land Press, 1998.

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Morton, Walker, ed. Pain, pain go away: How reconstructive therapy eliminates backache, carpal tunnel syndrome, knee pain ... Mountain View, CA: Ishi Press International, 1990.

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Faber, William J. Pain, pain, go away: How reconstructive therapy eliminates backache ... San Jose, CA: ISHI Press International, 1990.

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Sclerotherapy: Treatment of varicose and telangiectatic leg veins. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book, 1991.

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1927-, Bergan John J., ed. Sclerotherapy: Treatment of varicose and telangiectatic leg veins. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby/Elsevier, 2007.

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Sclerotherapy: Treatment of varicose and telangiectatic leg veins. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1995.

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Awad, Essam A. Injection techniques for spasticity: A practical guide to treatment of cerebral palsy, hemiplegia, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injury. Minneapolis, Minn: E.A. Awad, 1993.

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Manual of Sclerotherapy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000.

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William J. Faber, D.O., Morton Walker, D.P.M., with John Parks Trowbridge, M.D. Pain, pain, go away: Free yourself from chronic pain. BookSurge Publishing, 2007.

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Bergan, John J., Mitchel P. Goldman, and Jean-Jerome Guex. Sclerotherapy: Treatment of Varicose and Telangiectatic Leg Veins, Text with DVD. 4th ed. Mosby, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sclerosing injection"

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Hoare, Brian, and Remo N. Russo. "Upper-Limb Movement Training in Children Following Injection of Botulinum Toxin A Multiple Sclerosis." In International Handbook of Occupational Therapy Interventions, 343–51. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75424-6_35.

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Lee, Christine U., and James F. Glockner. "Case 17.23." In Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, edited by Christine U. Lee and James F. Glockner, 833–34. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0441.

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22-year-old man with history of primary sclerosing cholangitis Axial hepatobiliary phase postgadolinium 3D SPGR images obtained following gadoxetate disodium (Eovist) administration (Figure 17.23.1) demonstrate mild irregularity of intrahepatic biliary ducts, consistent with primary sclerosing cholangitis. MIP images from 3D FRFSE MRCP obtained between contrast injection and hepatobiliary phase acquisition (...
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Ortiz-Rey, J. A., E. M. Moledo, P. San Miguel, J. M. Suárez-Peñaranda,, L. Concheiro, M. S. Rodríguez-Calvo, and J. I. Muñoz-Barús. "Sclerosing lipogranuloma caused by accidental injection of industrial oil." In Acta medicinae legalis et socialis, 391–92. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-0173-1_69.

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Mohr, David C. "Module 7: Self-Injection Anxiety Counseling (SIAC)." In The Stress and Mood Management Program for Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis, 191–204. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195368895.003.0013.

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This chapter describes an optional treatment module on self-injection anxiety counselling (SIAC). This module is designed for patients who have needle anxiety and who rely on self-injection for the management of their illness. It presents basic information about self-injection anxiety, cognitive impairment, the anxiety response, subjective units of distress (SUDS) rating, the use of hierarchies, systematic desensitization, unhelpful thoughts, the actual injection process, and relapse prevention.
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Mohr, David C. "Self-Injection Anxiety Counseling (SIAC)." In The Stress and Mood Management Program for Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis, 197–224. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195368888.003.0015.

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Hua, Le H. "Treating Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis: Injection and Oral Therapies." In Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/9780826125941.0014.

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Maffulli, Nicola, and Angelo Del Buono. "Sports and exercise injuries." In Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology, 1390–94. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0162.

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Muscle, tendon, and ligament injuries are common practice in sports medicine. Muscle injuries do not require surgery but heal with traditional conservative measures, whereas surgery may be indicated in chronic high-demand patients who need to early return to preinjury activity. Ligament injuries are responsive to conservative management but, when resulting clinical instability impairs daily and sport activities, surgical repair or reconstruction are recommended. Tendinopathy is an overuse syndrome, the diagnosis of which is clinical, and confirmed by the presence of degenerative changes at histology, without any signs of inflammatory disease. The current trend is to adopt a conservative approach which also includes platelet-rich plasma and sclerosing injections, and to advocate surgery in unresponsive patients. Even though regenerative therapies are emerging, available knowledge is still scanty and literature lacks level I studies to support their use.
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Conference papers on the topic "Sclerosing injection"

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Squires, Alexander, John Oshinski, and Zion Tsz Ho Tse. "Instrument Guidance System for MRI-Guided Percutaneous Spinal Interventions." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3400.

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In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), neurons controlling voluntary muscles die, resulting in muscle weakness. Small animal studies have shown that neurons experience some regeneration when stem cells are injected into the ventral horn of the spinal cord [1]. These results led to large animal and human trials investigating the effects of injecting stem cells into the spinal cord. Direct injection is used for delivering cells as cells do not have to migrate to the therapy site and visual confirmation is possible [2]. This requires a multi-level laminectomy as well as dissection of the dura mater to expose the cell delivery site. In order to adopt this ALS treatment in regular clinical workflow, a minimally invasive alternative for spinal cord cell therapy is desirable. Image-guided needle targeting and positioning systems have been developed by numerous groups which use computed tomography or ultrasound for image guidance. However, MRI must be used for this ALS study because it is the only imaging system capable of visualizing the necessary anatomical locations for delivering cellular therapeutics to the spinal cord; the cell therapy target is the gray matter within the ventral horn of the spinal cord, and only MRI can detect the contrast between gray and white matter. Innomotion and NeuroArm have been used for MRI-guided interventions [3, 4] but they are complex, take a long time to set up, and take up a great deal of space in the MRI bore. An initial solution by our research group provided targeting solutions using an adjustable template on the spine, but was manually adjusted, targeted solely on a grid, and lacked a second rotation axis[5]. The presented device, SpinoBot, percutaneously directs therapeutics under MRI guidance into the spinal cord, allowing accurate and minimally invasive spinal therapies. This study examines the accuracy and workflow of MRI-guided cellular therapeutics injections using SpinoBot, a targeting and injection needle guidance system.
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2

Tse, Zion Tsz Ho, Alexander Squires, and John Oshinski. "Robot for MRI-Guided ALS Spinal Therapy." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3527.

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Abstract:
Limited treatment options are available for treating Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (1). Small animal models have shown promise in halting neurodegeneration associated with ALS where cellular therapeutics are delivered to the ventral horn of the spinal cord (2), although this procedure is invasive and requires multi-level laminectomy and dissection of the dura mater (Fig. 1). We hypothesized that SpinoBof, a robotic needle guidance platform (Fig. 2) could deliver cellular therapeutics to the ventral horn percutaneously under MRI guidance, enhancing upon existing invasive and time-consuming techniques for targeting injection sites.
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