Relevant bibliographies by topics / Scooters Electric motors Scooters

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Academic literature on the topic 'Scooters Electric motors Scooters'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Scooters Electric motors Scooters"

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Glavić, Draženko, Ana Trpković, Marina Milenković, and Sreten Jevremović. "The E-Scooter Potential to Change Urban Mobility—Belgrade Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 5948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115948.

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As we witness a global change occurring with the advent of e-scooters (electric scooters), it is clear that adequate measures need to be taken for the implementation of this means of transport. Bearing in mind that the user should be the focus of the proposed measures, the aim of this paper encompasses the analysis of e-scooter users’ travel patterns, as well as standard scooter users’ willingness to switch to e-scooters for different hypothetical scenarios, and the determination of factors that have an influence on the users’ willingness to switch. The scenarios include the availability of various infrastructure capacities for the city of Belgrade, namely, a separate infrastructure for e-scooters, or sharing the existing infrastructure with cyclists, pedestrians and motor vehicles. Standard methods of descriptive statistics, the McNemar–Bowker test of paired samples, and multinomial logistic regression were used in this paper. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in users’ willingness to use an e-scooter, depending on the available infrastructure. The results of multinomial logistic regression showed that the mode of transport used before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the average distance traveled, had a statistically significant impact on the users’ willingness to switch to e-scooters if they were allowed to use the cycling infrastructure. This paper also identifies additional factors that have a positive (environmental benefits, congestion avoidance) and negative (safety issues, lack of infrastructure, etc.) impact on users’ willingness to switch, which can be of use to decision-makers as a basic guideline for the adequate implementation of e-scooters in transport systems.
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Bachiri, Hassane, and Abdelfetah Nasseri. "Green Two-wheeled Mobility: Electric Scooters Using Brushless Motor based on Fuzzy Logic Controller." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v7i3.pp169-175.

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In the last years electric vehicles gained importance as a more sustainable alternative to traditional vehicles. The introduction of an electric power train leads to lower air-pollution emissions. ‘Electric bicycles’ are sometimes more like an electric pedaled moped, other times more like a Vespa-looking scooter with or without pedals, and they often offer good range and speeds. However, a “scooter” can also be an electric cart for personal mobility, or a skateboard-like vehicle with small handlebars. Electric scooters are the most legislatively active realm of electric bicycles, at the present time. Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are one of the electrical drives that are rapidly gaining popularity, due to their high efficiency, good dynamic response and low maintenance. In this paper, the modeling and simulation of the BLDC motor was done using the software package MATLAB/SIMULINK. The proposed fuzzy logic controller has given optimal results compared to PI controller. The simulated system using the fuzzy controller has a fast response without overshoot, zero steady state error and high load robustness.
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Hichem, Chergui, Nasri Abdelfatah, and Korhan Kayisli. "A Novel Method of Electric Scooter Torque Estimation Using the Space Vector Modulation Control." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 10, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2021.33403.

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In recent years, there are many studies have been conducted in the field of light electric vehicles, especially electric scooters. These are preferred in large urban areas that are crowded with cars and cause traffic congestion in the European and Asian continents. In this study, the three-wheel electric scooter contained two BLDC motors that drove the rear wheels and, each of these motors were controlled independently via an electronic differential. This paper aims to implement a Space Vector Modulation for the Direct Torque Control unit (SVM-DTC) of the BLDC wheel-motor of each driving wheel. The proposed system had been designed and simulated by using the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The performance of the overall system (scooter stability control system - energy storage system -power quality, etc.) with using SVM-DTC control was compared with the classical Direct Torque Control (DTC) algorithm by using the same electric scooter model. The obtained results showed clearly the improvement made by the proposed control loop system at different stages, where it could reduce the THD of the stator current from 30.99% to 6.16%,as well as it was able to achieve more than 0.2% of the charging state of the battery in 18 seconds only.
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Akkaya, Ramazan, and Fatih Alpaslan Kazan. "Design and implementation of a test setup for electric mobility scooter for the disabled." Measurement and Control 52, no. 9-10 (October 19, 2019): 1434–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294019865756.

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In this study, a test setup was designed for three- and/or four-wheeled electric mobility scooter models used by disabled or old people. This system is composed of a test platform that enables measurement of vehicular velocity, a data acquisition card, and an interface prepared in the C# program. Using the data acquisition card that was designed, seven quantities, namely, battery and motor currents, battery and motor terminal voltages, wheel speed in revolution per minute, and ambient and motor temperatures, were measured instantaneously during the test procedure and transferred to a computer via a USB device. Using these data that were transferred, motor speed in revolution per minute, torque generated by the motor, motor shaft power, motor and driver efficiency, instantaneous velocity of the vehicle, and total distance covered information obtained from the moment the vehicle began to be used were computed in real time throughout the experiment in the interface prepared in the C#, and their graphs were drawn and recorded. Thus, the faults in the battery, motor, or driver of electric mobility scooters became easily detectable in tests conducted under various conditions such as different ambient temperatures, different user weights, and roads with different slopes.
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Yamafuji, Kazuo. "Factory Tour to Yamaha Motor." International Journal of Automation Technology 2, no. 4 (July 5, 2008): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2008.p0317.

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Yamaha Motor Co. Ltd., founded in 1955, is representative of global Japanese companies with factories worldwide that deliver a wide variety of products meeting customer needs. It employs 51,000 working on product lines including motorcycles, scooters, hybrid (power-assisted) bicycles, snowmobiles, boats, outboard motors, yachts, water vehicles, diesel engines, automobile engines, surface mounters for electronic parts, industrial robots, industrial unmanned helicopters, and electric wheelchairs. The December accounting term for fiscal 2007 showed unconsolidated sales of 799.2 billion yen and consolidated sales of 1,756.7 billion yen. The percentage of sales by product was 60.1% for motorcycles, 16.4% for marine use, 15.2% for special equipment, and 8.3% for others in the same fiscal year. The percentage of sales by region was 35.2% for the United States, 23.9% for Europe, 17.6% for Japan, 9.3% for Asia, and 14.0% for others. In the 21st century, Yamaha holds the basic philosophy of creating values and profits for sustainable growth and offering new excitement and a more fulfilling life for people worldwide.
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Wang, B., J. H. Choi, H. W. Song, H. K. Choi, and S. H. Hwang. "Development of the performance simulator for electric scooters with an in-wheel motor." International Journal of Automotive Technology 15, no. 5 (August 2014): 835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12239-014-0087-6.

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Karnavas, Yannis L., Anestis S. Topalidis, and Maria Drakaki. "Development and Implementation of a Low Cost μC- Based Brushless DC Motor Sensorless Controller: A Practical Analysis of Hardware and Software Aspects." Electronics 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121456.

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The ongoing technological advancements of brushless DC motors (BLDCMs) have found a wide range of applications. For instance, ground-based electric vehicles, aerial drones and underwater scooters have already adopted high-performance BLDCMs. Nevertheless their adoption demands control systems to monitor torque, speed and other performance characteristics. Precise design structure and the particular motor functional characteristics are essential for the suitable configuration and implementation of an appropriate controller to suit a wide range of applications. Techniques which do not use Hall sensors should be used then. This paper deals with the analysis of hardware and software aspects during the development of such a microcontroller based and low cost speed controller for motors up to 500 W, along with its practical implementation. The sensorless method employed is based on the zero crossing point (ZCP) detection of the back-electromotive forces’ (back-EMF) differences, as the ZCPs of these quantities match to the time points at which the commutation sequence changes. Additionally, the study presents hardware and software details through calculations, figures, flowcharts and code, providing an insight of the practical issues that may arise in such a low cost prototype. Finally, results obtained by experiments validate the presented hardware/software architecture of the controller.
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Yang, Yee‐Pien, Chung‐Han Lee, and Po‐Chang Hung. "Multi‐objective optimal design of an axial‐flux permanent‐magnet wheel motor for electric scooters." IET Electric Power Applications 8, no. 1 (January 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2013.0026.

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Brdulak, Anna, Grażyna Chaberek, and Jacek Jagodziński. "Determination of Electricity Demand by Personal Light Electric Vehicles (PLEVs): An Example of e-Motor Scooters in the Context of Large City Management in Poland." Energies 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010194.

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Personal light electric vehicles (PLEVs) are a phenomenon that can currently be observed in cities, intended to be an ecological form of transport. The authors of the paper make an attempt to determine electricity consumption by PLEVs in the context of managing a large city in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. The article is of a cognitive nature. Research questions posed against the background of the goal formulated are as follows: how strong will the demand for PLEVs be (in the example of e-motor scooters, taking into consideration the number of vehicles) and for the electricity consumed by PLEVs. The method used is a simulation model. The conducted analyses demonstrate that a dynamic growth of PLEVs will result in an increased energy demand, which must be taken into account by the cities, developing according to the sustainable development conception.
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Fu, Tsu Hsun. "Study on Mechanical Automation with Automatically Adjustable Seat Based on Mechanical Properties." Applied Mechanics and Materials 454 (October 2013): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.454.3.

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In recent years, industry and commerce have been developed and economic conditions have been improved, technology evolvement enhances the standard of living. Medical, hygiene, health and welfare issues have drawn public attention. The elderly population to the total population ratio has been increased year by year. Electric wheelchairs or electric scooters have become very important mobile aids for those physically disabled, the elderly, and chronically ill patients everyday lives. Currently the function of wheelchairs on the market is still considerably limited. Most patients are still suffering psychological burden of the shifting of the center of gravity due to uphill, downhill or driving on non-horizontal surface. This study shows how to solve the problem of seat tilt problem while encounter stairs, ramps and other non-horizontal surface. Therefore their insecurity can be reduced and their comfort can be increased. In this study, we constructed a seat with automatically level adjustable seat cushion. By continuously detecting the seat level degree, the tilt angle was detected when driving on non-horizontal surface. Using microcontroller and stepper motors with automatic feedback to adjust the seat to reach the level of the body. By way of this machinery automation can improve the mechanical properties of the seat. This framework will not only improve the existing wheelchair uncomfortable problems, and can also be applied to other moving vehicles.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Scooters Electric motors Scooters"

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Ali, Taha. "Analysis of traveler’s behaviorusing electric scooters based on surveys." Thesis, KTH, Transportplanering, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301170.

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In this study, travel behavior for the users of E-scooter is analyzed based on survey questions. The main purpose of the study is to understand the nature of E-scooters users and their preferences as well as analyzing their trip parameters. The survey was designed to cover most ofthe behavioral influential factors. To represent the motives and barriers towards E-scooter adoption in greater Stockholm. it was sectioned into demographic data, general travel preferences, E-scooter choice preferences, last trip parameters and general discussion questions. Findings of this study suggested that E-scooters are mainly used by residents aged between 18-24. In Stockholm, public transportation facilities are very accessible and affordable than other private transportation modes. Travel time and travel cost were highly evaluated by the users and were considered as deciding criteria prior to making any trip in Stockholm. Findings suggested that trips made by E-scooters are mainly for fun and leisure rather than commuting and services. However, regarding normal trips, it was found that walking replaced the use of E-scooters more often. Historical data was used to validate and support the survey findings. Survey questions did not consider questions regarding impacts of COVID-19 on travel behaviours as well as the changes in travel patterns. Furthermore, the absence of highlights on research areas such as safety which covers the adoption of risky behaviours (i.e., driving on sidewalks, driving opposing traffic flow) and helmet use. The tool was used for research purposes was ‘Questionpro’.
I denna studie analyseras resebeteendet för användarna av E-scooter baserat på enkätfrågor. Huvudsyftet med studien är att förstå E-scooters användares natur och deras preferenser samt att analysera deras tripparametrar. Undersökningen var utformad för att täcka de flesta av debeteendemässiga inflytelserika faktorerna. Att representera motiv och barriärer mot e-scooteradoption i större Stockholm. den delades in i demografisk data, allmänna resepreferenser, val av E-scooter-val, parametrar för sista resan och allmänna diskussionsfrågor. Resultaten av denna studie föreslog att E-skotrar huvudsakligen används av invånare i åldrarna 18-24. I Stockholm är anläggningar för kollektivtrafik mycket tillgängliga och prisvärda än andra privata transportsätt. Restid och resekostnader utvärderades mycket av användarna och ansågs vara avgörande kriterier innan de gjorde en resa i Stockholm. Resultaten föreslog att resor med e-skotrar främst är för skoj och fritid snarare än pendling och tjänster. När det gäller normala resor fann man dock att promenader ersatte användningen av E-skotrar oftare. Historiska data användes för att validera och stödja undersökningsresultaten.
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Bordes, Roca Adria. "Impacts of implementation of electric scooters in daily transport: case study in Gavle." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för byggnadsteknik, energisystem och miljövetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30613.

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Salcedo, Milton A. "An Exploration Towards Form: A Photovoltaic Charging Station Design for Electric Scooters at Virginia Tech." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51164.

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This project is a proposal on the versatile use of glass, its properties and technologies as well as its aesthetic qualities. A photovoltaic charging station for electric scooters is proposed for the Virginia Tech campus, combined with a bus shelter to allow mobility and integration of transportation.
Master of Science
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Maca, Jakub. "Design elektrického skútru do městského prostředí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231750.

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The main aim of this thesis is to design electric scooter, which is ideally adapted for urban mobility and which will be a practical, attractive and environmental friendly alternative to the car with a combustion engine. Emphasis is given to proposal of ergonomic, aesthetic and functional solution of the system, which makes that scooter can be folded into a mobile compact shape. Folded scooter can be carried at public transportation vehicles and park right at home or in the office. The unique design and practical features of a scooter should be attractive not only in terms of personal mobility, but also as a utility vehicle for private companies and public institutions.
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Stevens, John Wesley. "A design of a low-cost propulsion system for an electric scooter." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17885.

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Miller, Marcus. "Dockless electric scooters and the sustainable mobility transition in Stockholm : User study, stakeholder insights and policy perspectives." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289202.

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In the context of increasing car ownership in Stockholm, this thesis explores the emergenceof e-scooters in the city and what role they could play in achieving a transition away from carusage.This is explored using theories of sustainable transitions: the multi-level perspective,transition management and strategic niche management. These theories are used to guide theempirical enquiry of this research project and to suggest areas of further research and possiblepolicy recommendations. Empirical Findings This study used a mixed-method strategy consisting of interviews with key stakeholders andan e-scooter user survey (n=408). The interviewees from Stockholm Region and two e-scooter operators were broadly inagreement that e-scooters could have a positive impact going forward, whilst acknowledgingchallenges. The interviews highlighted a good level of both private-private and public-privatecooperation in the industry and signalled that this cooperation is key if e-scooters are to be asustainable aspect of Stockholm’s transportation system. The survey indicated that e-scooters are a poor substitute for private (self-owned) car use i.e.only 4% of recorded journeys shifted away from self-owned car use. However, e-scooterswere found to be a much stronger substitute for taxi/ride-hail journeys with 10% of e-scooterjourneys shifting away from them. Survey findings were used to compare the GlobalWarming Potential (GWP) of e-scooters with the modes people used otherwise. It found thatthe modes people would have used had a GWP of 64g per km travelled, which compared to131g (Moreau et al, 2020) and 125g (Hollingsworth et al, 2019) for e-scooters reported in theliterature and 35g reported in a study conducted on behalf of Voi - an e-scooter company(EY, 2020). For a discussion on these figures please refer to sections 2.2.1 and 6.2.3. The timing of the survey gave a unique opportunity to explore the impact of Covid-19 on escooter journeys. A statistically significant difference between the modal shift of journeystaken before and after the Covid-19 outbreak (P-value= 0.027) was found, with journeystaken during the Covid-19 pandemic more than twice as likely to have shifted away from anytype of car use than journeys taken before the outbreak. The discussion was framed using theories of sustainable transitions. It argued that e-scooterswill not achieve a transition away from mobility on their own. However, if there is a moregeneral switch from ownership to usership in the Stockholm transport sector, e-scooters (andother micro-mobility) could substitute an increased number of taxi/ride-hail journeys whichwould see them contribute to a more environmentally sustainable transportation system. Thefinal part of this thesis discusses policy options that would help e-scooters find a space withinStockholm’s transportation systems where they can best achieve environmental sustainabilitygoals including the importance of using a multi-actor approach, a flexible cap on the numberof e-scooters, environmental merit-based tender processes, e-scooter parking charges andminimum prices.
Denna mastersuppsats handlar om framväxten av elsparkcyklar i i Stockholm, och utforskarvilken roll detta nya färdmedel kan spela för att minska bilanvändning i en situation med ökatbilägande. Detta utforskas med hjälp av teorier om hållbarhetsomställning: "multi-level" perspektiv,transition management och strategisk nisch-management. Dessa teorier används för attvägleda den empiriska undersökningen och föreslå områden för ytterligare forskning ochpolicyrekommendationer. Empiriska resultat Studien har utförts med hjälp av en ”mixed method”-ansats, och grundas bl a i intervjuermed viktiga intressenter och en undersökning med elsparkcykelanvändare (n=408). De intervjuade intressenterna från Stockholmsregionen och två elsparkcykelföretag var i stortsett överens om att elsparkcyklar kan ha en positiv inverkan på hållbart resande, samtidigtsom det finns utmaningar. Intervjuerna belyste en god nivå av både privat-privat ochoffentlig-privat samarbete i branschen och signalerade att detta samarbete är avgörande omelsparkcyklar ska kunna bidra till en hållbar utveckling av Stockholms transportsystem.Undersökningen visade att elsparkcyklar inte ersätter privat (egenägd) bilanvändning i någotstörre avseende: endast 4% av de idenitfierade resorna ersatte privat bilanvändning.Elsparkcyklar visade sig dock vara ett mycket starkare substitut för taxi / "ride-hail" resor:10% av elsparkcykel-resorna ersatte en sådan transport. Undersökningsresultaten användesför att jämföra den globala uppvärmningspotentialen (GWP) för elsparkcyklar med de medelsom användes annars. Det visade sig att de färdmedel som folk skulle ha använt om de intehade åkt elsparkcykel hade en GWP på 64g per km per resa, vilket jämförs med 131g(Moreau et al, 2020) och 125g (Hollingsworth et al, 2019) för elsparkcyklar rapporterade ilitteraturen och 35g rapporterade i en studie utförd på uppdrag av Voi - ettelsparkcykelföretag (EY, 2020). För en djupare inblick i dessa siffror hänvisas till avsnitten2.2.1 och 6.2.3 i uppsatsen. Tidpunkten för undersökningen gav en unik möjlighet att utforska effekterna av Covid-19 påresor med elsparkcyklar. Här visar studien på en statistiskt signifikant skillnad iöverflyttningspotential gällande resor som gjordes före och efter covid-19-utbrottet (P-värde=0,027). De resor som gjordes under covid-19-pandemin hade mer än dubbelt så storsannolikhet att ersätta bilanvändning än resor som gjordes före utbrottet. Diskussionen av studiens resultat tar sin utgångspunkt i teorier om hållbarhetsomställning. Idiskussionen framhålls att endast elsparkcyklar inte kommer bidra till en omställning. Men ihändelse av en mer allmän övergång från ägande till användning inom Stockholmstransportsektor, skulle elsparkcyklar (och annan mikromobilitet) kunna ersätta ett ökat antaltaxi-/"ride-hail" resor, vilket i så fall skulle innebära ett bidrag till ett mer miljömässigthållbart transportsystem. I den sista delen av uppsatsen diskuteras policyalternativ somskulle hjälpa elsparkcyklar att hitta en tydlig nisch inom Stockholms transportsystem, där debäst kan bidra till att realisera övergripande miljö- och hållbarhetsmål. Vidare diskuteras behov av att inkludera flera typer av aktörer, att använda ett flexibelt "tak" på antaletelsparkcyklar, anbudsprocesser som styrs av miljökrav, samt tillämpning avparkeringsavgifter och minimipriser för elsparkcyklar.
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Eliasson, Esther. "Att planera för ett nytt färdmedel : En studie om regleringar för och utbredning av friflytande elsparkcyklar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184261.

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Free floating electric scooters is a relatively new phenomena in many cities across the world and despite the Covid-19-pandemic, electric scooters are growing in popularity. There are however mixed opinions on whether electric scooters are environmentally friendly or not and if they are an option for municipalities to utilize in their planning towards more sustainable cities or not. Laws are also lacking for regulating this new means of transport. This study aims to examine how municipalities can plan for electric scooters in their traffic planning as well as examining if electric scooters work according to the municipalities’ visions for their future traffic planning. This study also aims to map out what Swedish cities have electric scooters today and examine what characteristics these cities have. The study has been conducted through interviews with two Swedish municipalities, one Norwegian municipality and one provider of free floating electric scooters. A literature review of several municipalities’ planning and strategy documents has been carried out as well. Findings show that free floating electric scooters exist in the most populous municipalities in Sweden. The municipalities have a high share of students and young people in the ages 18-35, which is the age group that tend to use electric scooters the most. The municipalities have a lower amount of days with snow-cover than the national average. Findings also show that municipalities are positive towards free floating electric scooters and think that they fit in with the overall visions for the municipalities’ planning.
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Zhou, Weiqian (Viking). "Platform for ergonomic steering methods investigation of "Segway-style" balancing scooters." 2008. http://adt.waikato.ac.nz/public/adt-uow20080130.140133/index.html.

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賴冠豪. "Design and Analysis of Wheel Motors for Electric Scooters." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vv5gf4.

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碩士
逢甲大學
電機工程學系
106
This paper mainly designs a permanent magnet brushless motor used in electric scooters. Based the specification of Taiwan E-scooter Standard, the output power of the motor is in the range of 1.34 hp and 5 hp at a rated speed of 550 rpm. In this paper, two slot-pole combinations are selected, and the motor performances that include cogging torque, back EMF, average torque and torque ripple are obtained using the finite element software Flux2D. The 42-pole 36-slot combination that has the better performance is selected. Finally, the sensitivity analysis, Taguchi method and fuzzy Taguchi method are used to optimize the motor.
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Chen, Ging Heng, and 陳敬恆. "Design of High Performance Power Motors for Electric Scooters." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50137820518148667182.

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碩士
國立清華大學
動力機械工程學系
87
The applications of electric scooter will be very competitive in the future market; therefore, development of high reliability and low cost motors for the electric scooters still has very high potential. And the selection of compatible power drives for permanent magnet DC brushed motor is the main research topic. The adoption of high energy, residual flux, and cohesivity NdFeB magnets could largely increase the air-gap flux density and reduce the volume and weight of the DC motors. In this thesis, one-dimensional analysis, namely conventional, was employed for the DC motor design. With the basic dimensions calculated for the two-dimensional magnetic flux distribution. Finally, a better design was obtained on the DC brushed motor. The finally design has satisfied the original requirements and been available for future verifications after comparing the different results with the help of dimensional variation analysis.
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Books on the topic "Scooters Electric motors Scooters"

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Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (U.S.). Protecting Medicare's power wheelchair and scooter benefit. Baltimore, MD: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2004.

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Nölke, Marcus. Entwicklung eines Direkt-Methanol-Brennstoffzellensystems der Leistungsklasse kleiner 5 kW. Jülich: Forschungszentrum, Zentralbibliothek, 2007.

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Nölke, Marcus. Entwicklung eines Direkt-Methanol-Brennstoffzellensystems der Leistungsklasse kleiner 5 kW. Jülich: Forschungszentrum, Zentralbibliothek, 2007.

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Power Chairs And Electric Mobility Scooters. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Scooters Electric motors Scooters"

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Moreno, Bernardo Pajares, Guillermo Peris-Fajarnés, Ismael Lengua, and María Moncho-Santonja. "Wheelchair Mobility Aid Through the Adaptation of Electric Scooters." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 184–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41200-5_20.

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García-Vallejo, Daniel, Werner Schiehlen, and Alfonso García-Agúndez. "Dynamics, Control and Stability of Motion of Electric Scooters." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 1199–209. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38077-9_139.

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Shih, Li-Hsing, and Yi-Tzu Chien. "Persuasive Design for Improving Battery Swap Service Systems of Electric Scooters." In Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management, 45–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6779-7_4.

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Jatschka, Thomas, Fabio F. Oberweger, Tobias Rodemann, and Gunther R. Raidl. "Distributing Battery Swapping Stations for Electric Scooters in an Urban Area." In Optimization and Applications, 150–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62867-3_12.

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Lee, Shao-Yu, and Hsien-Hui Tang. "Using Service Design Thinking to Improve the Transportation Service of Shared Electric Scooters in Tourism Scenario." In HCI International 2021 - Posters, 489–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78645-8_62.

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Aymen, Flah, Habib Kraiem, and Lassaad Sbita. "Modeling and Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicle." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 521–41. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5788-4.ch021.

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The transportation systems have become more electrified, and the major countries of the world program using electric scooters, electric bicycles, electric trains, electric buses, and electric vehicles for their transport. The traditional energy resource stocks are still decreasing rapidly, which makes the world afraid about the future of the transport sector. Therefore, several international restrictions and laws have limited using this kind of energy in relation to the transport sector by encouraging public transport and making a high taxes for the highly energy-consuming cars. The robustness and the efficiency of transportation systems designs are related especially to the internal electric motor and to the battery capacity used. From the other side, the energy management problem presents a serious factor that must be optimized in order to guarantee the overall efficiency and rentability. This chapter explores the modeling and control of hybrid electric vehicles.
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Cubero, Samuel N. "A Robotic Arm for Electric Scooters." In Intelligent Technologies for Bridging the Grey Digital Divide, 94–109. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-825-8.ch007.

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This chapter describes the mechanical design, manufacture and performance of a three-degree-of-freedom manipulator arm and gripper that can be attached to a mobile vehicle or electric scooter. Known by the acronym “ESRA”, or “Electric Scooter Robot Arm”, this device can be remotely or automatically controlled to pick up and retrieve heavy objects, such as books or grocery products, from high shelves or difficult-to-reach locations. Such tasks are often considered to be arduous or even impossible for the frail elderly and people with disabilities. This chapter describes one example of how the combination of mechanical and electronic engineering technology can be used to perform physically strenuous tasks and enable the frail elderly and people with disabilities to enjoy a greater degree of self-sufficiency, independence and physical productivity. It includes the design process for robotic arm manipulators and actuators. It also provides a brief overview of existing “state of the art” robotic and machine vision technologies, and how these can be used to perform many everyday domestic or household chores.
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Conference papers on the topic "Scooters Electric motors Scooters"

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Radovanovic, Milos. "ELEKTRIČNI TROTINETI I OSIGURANjE OD AUTOODGOVORNOSTI." In MODERNE TEHNOLOGIJE, NOVI I TRADICIONALNI RIZICI U OSIGURANjU. Association for Insurance Law of Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xxsav21.113r.

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Technological progress, importance of taking care of the environment and need for the “micro-mobility” of humans in the cities, have led to increased usage of electric scooters. Every means of transportation, including the scooter, cause of risk of a damage. Possibility of causing of the damage opens a question of the obligation of owners of the electric scooters to conclude motor third party liability insurance. Th is paper tries to give an answer on the question. Author also seeks to fi nd an answer on a question is the injured party entitled to receive compensation of damage from guarantee fund, if the damage is caused by the uninsured electric scooter. Author gives the positive answer on these two questions. Author concludes that de lege lata electric scooter must have third party liability insurance, and that injured party is entitled to receive the compensation from the guarantee fund. Obligation of the owners of the electric scooter to conclude liability insurance, as well as injured party claim toward the guarnatee fund, is based on the fact that electric scooter is motor vehicle, according to the legal defi nition of the motor vehicle. Author considers that there is no legal gap in current laws of the Republic of Serbia, concerning insurance of the electric scooters. It is not necessary to change regulations on compulsory insurance in traffi c. Th ere is no need for the special rules for insurance of electric scooters. Legal issues concerning insurance of electric scooters and redress of damage caused by those scooters, can be resolve by interpretation of the applicable regulations.
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Chang, Shinn-Liang, Long-Chung Hsieh, Jen-Yu Liu, Yu-Ren Chen, and Jia-Ling Tsai. "Study of a New Transmission System for Electric Scooters." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95128.

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Electric scooters are the most popular form of transport for old and disabled people in Taiwan and its popularity is fast increasing as people are living longer and longer. The main components of an electric scooter includes battery, motor, motor driver, and a transmission system, whose characteristics determine the overall energy efficiency. The commonly used transmission system of an electric scooter consists of a compound gear train (or a simple gear train) and a bevel gear differential, the quality of the former of which significantly influences the efficiency and noise level. In this paper, a new transmission system for use in an electric scooter is proposed. The finite element method was applied to evaluate the stress level experienced by the gears in the compound gear train. A test rig was also set up to compare the performance of the proposed transmission system with an existing commercial product. The new design was shown to produce better performance characteristics in terms of efficiency and noise level than the commercial product and has since been successfully manufactured and is currently being sold worldwide.
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Liu, T. S., and Y. C. Chung. "A Novel Brushless Permanent Magnet Motor for Electric Scooters." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20480.

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The purpose of this study is to design brushless permanent magnet DC motors for electric vehicles based on a pole-changing method. By generating a pulse when changing the number of poles, magnetization of magnets can be changed appropriately and the principle of pole-changing motors can be applied to permanent magnet machines. This kind of machine not only retains the feature of permanent magnet machines in efficiency, but also acquires wide speed range. In this study, a pole-changing method using common windings is proposed and performance of brushless permanent magnet DC pole-changing motors is investigated. According to T-N curves, the proposed brushless permanent magnet pole-changing motor yields larger starting torque and wider speed range than motors with a fixed number of poles.
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Song, Byeong-Mun, and Jang-Young Choi. "A low-speed high-torque permanent magnet motor for electric scooters." In 2011 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vppc.2011.6043198.

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Jae-Bum Park, Sang-Hwan Ham, Jong-Bin Im, Joong-Woo Lee, and Ju Lee. "Thermal analysis of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for electric scooters." In 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cefc.2010.5481734.

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Enache, Sorin, Aurel Campeanu, Ion Vlad, and Monica-Adela Enache. "Simulation of some dynamic regimes specific to permanent-magnet motors used for electrical motor-scooters." In 2016 International Conference and Exposition on Electrical and Power Engineering (EPE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icepe.2016.7781330.

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Yang, Yee-Pien, and Po-Chang Hung. "Multi-objective optimal design of an axial flux permanent magnet wheel motor for electric scooters." In 2013 IV International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives (POWERENG). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powereng.2013.6635829.

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Walker, Paul D., and Holger M. Roser. "Configuration Design and Energy Balancing of Compact-Hybrid Powertrains." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20341.

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The development of compact and efficient hybrid electric vehicle powertrains for low initial and on-going costs requires consideration of numerous, often competing factors. Appropriately designing and sizing these powertrains requires the consideration of requirements for vehicle range and performance, considered directly through the sizing of motors and engines, and indirectly through minimization of vehicle mass whilst being constrained by total stored energy in the vehicle, against the impact on vehicle emissions and on purchase and ongoing operational costs. In addition to these considerations the actual driver use will strongly influence the energy consumed and vehicle emissions. It therefore becomes beneficial to provide flexibility in hybrid vehicle configuration design to enable the minimization of vehicle emissions and ongoing vehicle costs. The purpose of this paper is to study the various alternative vehicle powertrain configurations for application to small scale hybridization demands, such as scooters or motorcycles. Powertrain configurations studied in this paper include plug-in hybrid electric (PHEV), battery hybrid electric (BHEV), and a pure electric vehicle (PEV). To design and size each of the configurations a statistical approach is taken, power and load demands are studied and utilized to size powertrain components. Results are extended to size vehicle energy storage for electric only range of 25, 50 and 100 km, and total vehicle range of 100 km for the BHEV and 200 km for the PHEV. Based on the results developed from the analysis mathematical models of each of the powertrain configurations are then developed in Matlab/Simulink and numerical studies of vehicle energy consumption in comparison to range are conducted. Outcomes of these simulations are compared to an operating cost based analysis of the suggested powertrains; the benefits and limitations of each design are considered in detail.
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Montesinos-Miracle, Daniel, and Toni Ruiz-Bassols. "Regenerative braking in electric scooters." In 2017 19th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'17 ECCE Europe). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/epe17ecceeurope.2017.8099275.

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Tseng, Chyuan-Yow, Yeou-Feng Lue, Yuan-Ting Lin, Jheng-Cin Siao, Chien-Hsiung Tsai, and Lung-Ming Fu. "Dynamic simulation model for hybrid electric scooters." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2009.5222809.

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Reports on the topic "Scooters Electric motors Scooters"

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Chen, Kuo-ching, Keng-tso Chuang, Han-hsueh Liu, and Ching-ya Chen. Two-Speed Automatic Transmissions of Electric Scooters. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-32-9087.

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Schacht, Hans-J\axrgen, Roland Kirchberger, Franz Winkler, and Stephan P. Schmidt. Concept Study of Range Extender Applications in Electric Scooters. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-32-0592.

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