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1
Botvinick, Matthew, and Ari Weinstein. "Model-based hierarchical reinforcement learning and human action control." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1655 (November 5, 2014): 20130480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0480.
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Recent work has reawakened interest in goal-directed or ‘model-based’ choice, where decisions are based on prospective evaluation of potential action outcomes. Concurrently, there has been growing attention to the role of hierarchy in decision-making and action control. We focus here on the intersection between these two areas of interest, considering the topic of hierarchical model-based control. To characterize this form of action control, we draw on the computational framework of hierarchical reinforcement learning, using this to interpret recent empirical findings. The resulting picture reveals how hierarchical model-based mechanisms might play a special and pivotal role in human decision-making, dramatically extending the scope and complexity of human behaviour.
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Ricart, Joan Enric, Yuliya Snihur, Carlos Carrasco-Farré, and Pascual Berrone. "Grassroots Resistance to Digital Platforms and Relational Business Model Design to Overcome It: A Conceptual Framework." Strategy Science 5, no. 3 (September 2020): 271–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2020.0104.
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Although extant research has studied incumbent resistance to digital platforms, it provides little understanding about when grassroots collective action by other ecosystem stakeholders against the digital platform is likely. In this paper, we identify the scope conditions detailing when local stakeholders can initiate grassroots collective action against the digital platform, a unique context characterized by fast growth, distributed innovation, role flexibility, and direct local connectivity, and propose viable solutions. Our conceptual framework suggests that grassroots collective action against the digital platform is most likely when the digital platform operates with localized scarce assets or localized precarious labor and when actors express their grievances through formalized channels. We combine business model design and stakeholder management perspectives to develop design-based solutions that involve a multisided business model structure, an inclusive stakeholder value proposition, and an ecosystem-centered governance. We call the combination of such design efforts relational business model design. To the incipient theory of digital platforms, we contribute a stakeholder-centered view of platform business models operating within local ecosystems, bridging research on collective action and stakeholder management with strategic management of platforms.
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Fonseca, Vasco, Joaquim Caeiro, and Fernanda Nogueira. "Social Model—Innovation and Behavioural Intervention as a Public Policy of Action within an Oncology and Loneliness Scope." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 1544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031544.
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The article presents concepts and the Public Health Policy University of Lisbon Lab project to answer questions about the macro-environment of cancer and loneliness. Although the biomedical model has considered the disease’s general symptoms, it takes a holistic approach to incorporate several other circumstances that influence health. Emotional, social, psychological, and economic factors mirror influencing layers that affect wellness. Portugal follows Europe’s tendency and simultaneously reflects its reality. Governmental internal policies, amplified by regulations, improve disease prevention and treatment. Nevertheless, it focuses on the general population instead of on the individual. Once cancer, one of the leading causes of global death, is perceived as an isolated incident, we believe macro-environmental circumstances, and not only biological ones, must be considered. Furthermore, cancer in the elderly intensifies solicitude, and expanded policies and actions demand individual health determinants. In the Portuguese Public Health Policy, we started a collaborative Oncology, Human Kinetics, and Public Health Policy project. This is the first project of the Public Health Policy Lab from the Institute of Social and Political Sciences of the University of Lisbon. Based on a brief review of two research projects on improving cancer patients’ health, we promote micro-organisational projects to deal with the social phenomena of loneliness, physical activity, and lifestyle. As a sequence of the well-known social determinants, we endorse political determinants as the basis for public health. The latest worldwide governmental trend is to create public labs as an innovation of political policymaking. Throughout this reflection, the need for a new rational approach specially designed for a social model is considered.
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Athavale, Vijay Anant, Suresh Chand Gupta, Deepak Kumar, and Savita. "Human Action Recognition Using CNN-SVM Model." Advances in Science and Technology 105 (April 2021): 282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.105.282.
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In this paper, a pre-trained CNN model VGG16 with the SVM classifier is presented for the HAR task. The deep features are learned via the VGG16 pre-trained CNN model. The VGG 16 network is previously used for the image classification task. We used VGG16 for the signal classification of human activity, which is recorded by the accelerometer sensor of the mobile phone. The UniMiB dataset contains the 11771 samples of the daily life activity of humans. A Smartphone records these samples through the accelerometer sensor. The features are learned via the fifth max-pooling layer of the VGG16 CNN model and feed to the SVM classifier. The SVM classifier replaced the fully connected layer of the VGG16 model. The proposed VGG16-SVM model achieves effective and efficient results. The proposed method of VGG16-SVM is compared with the previously used schemes. The classification accuracy and F-Score are the evaluation parameters, and the proposed method provided 79.55% accuracy and 71.63% F-Score.
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Andreev, Dmitry, Sergey Lyokhin, Sergey Verteshev, and Lilia Motaylenko. "MODELS AND ALGORITHMS FOR CONSTRUCTING A FORMALIZED DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 2 (June 20, 2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2019vol2.4063.
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The problem of technological knowledge formalization is being considered. Discussed features of systems in the scope of ontological engineering of processes, applied to solving the problems of the structural representation of technologies associated with the organization of their analysis. Proposed a model of the concept of technological action, which identifies technological actions as holistic conceptual formations. Constructed the model of formalized description of technologies, which provides unambiguous transition from verbal descriptions of technologies to their ontological representations. Described algorithms for constructing a formalized description of technologies, which implement the logical procedures for automated and automatic construction of ontological representations of technologies. Concluded in the development of a new method of formalized description of technologies, the fundamental principles of which constitute the distinctive features of the proposed models and constructed algorithms.
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Kim, Soyoung, Woo-Je Kim, and Richard Clark Feiock. "An Item Response Theory Model of Inter-Regional Collaboration for Transportation Planning in the United States." Land 10, no. 9 (September 8, 2021): 947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10090947.
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Regional governments and regional intergovernmental organizations play an increasingly important role in land use and transportation planning in many countries. In the U.S., regional organizations such as metropolitan planning organizations provide regional forums and institutions to coordinate actions of local government necessary to overcome collective action problems that result from the fragmentation of local authority. Their regional scope allows them to directly address collaboration problems or broker collaborative arrangements among local governments within their boundaries. Nevertheless, the scale of regional problems often extends beyond the boundaries of these regional entities. Thus, collaboration across regional governance organizations is necessary to address problems that have multi-regional impacts, such as large transportation projects. Extant research generally measures regional collaboration based on counts of collaboration actions undertaken, but this does not account for the fact that some are symbolic, while others require resources and commitment. Drawing insights from the institutional collective action framework, we advance an explanation for how regional organizations overcome collaboration risks to participate in collaborative solutions to regional and multi-regional problems. The analysis employs a unique national survey of metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) and adds a novel application of item response theory (IRT) to capture differences in risk or difficulty among collaborative actions. The IRT results offer support for our ICA-based explanation of collaboration commitments. The implications of the findings for theory development and empirical study of RIGOs are discussed in conclusion.
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Wang, Fei Yue, Long Jun Dong, and Zhi Sheng Xu. "Study of Fuzzy Random Reliability Model of Tailings Dam under Earthquake Action." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 3393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.3393.
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Two kinds of the deficiencies exist in the traditional dam reliability and the safety coefficient calculation methods. First, it is impossible to give accurate mean to design variable in case study, because to large extent, means are greatly influenced by many objective factors or man-made effects, which degree of effects has greater degree of ambiguity. Second, the traditional reliability theory takes zero point as measure of dam’s failure or not, and on both sides of zero point the structure of state mutants from security to failure. But in fact, it’s very hard to give a definite limitation to the dam state from security to failure, because a fuzzy scope exists between stability and failure. On the basis of solving the above two issues, this paper for the first time applies fuzzy reliability theory to the stability research of tailings dam under earthquake action , considering fuzziness of both the event of tailings dam failure and the main variables and parameter. Integrating fuzziness and randomness, this paper explores fuzzy random reliability analysis methods of tailings dam engineering. The results of case study show that the calculation results agree well with the actual situation, this analysis method is more scientific and reasonable than traditional dam safety factor calculation method, and better reflects the real situation. It also provides a new way to calculate stability of tailing dam considering earthquake action.
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Jiang, An Nan, and Zheng Wen Zeng. "Three Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Rock Core Discing Based on Strain Soft Model." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.565.
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Aiming at the complexity of rock discing mechanics, and the theory being not mature, the paper carried out three-dimensional numerical simulation for rock core discing based on strain soft model. The strain soft theory is introduced firstly, then numerically simulated how the depth of lug boss and original stress affect the rock core destroy pattern(discing if occurs, the thickness of disk), obtained the characters of rock core discing. Along with the drilling depth increases, the stress concentration scope below lug boss also increases, as well as the pressure stress concentration degree of side corner below of lug boss. Rock core discing can be induced respectively by shear action and tension action, sometimes it is combined by both of them. The destroy pattern of them especially destroy sequence are different. The strain soft numerical simulation could be used in original stress feedback analysis, has significant meaning.
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Gul, Malik Ali, Muhammad Haroon Yousaf, Shah Nawaz, Zaka Ur Rehman, and HyungWon Kim. "Patient Monitoring by Abnormal Human Activity Recognition Based on CNN Architecture." Electronics 9, no. 12 (November 24, 2020): 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9121993.
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Human action recognition has emerged as a challenging research domain for video understanding and analysis. Subsequently, extensive research has been conducted to achieve the improved performance for recognition of human actions. Human activity recognition has various real time applications, such as patient monitoring in which patients are being monitored among a group of normal people and then identified based on their abnormal activities. Our goal is to render a multi class abnormal action detection in individuals as well as in groups from video sequences to differentiate multiple abnormal human actions. In this paper, You Look only Once (YOLO) network is utilized as a backbone CNN model. For training the CNN model, we constructed a large dataset of patient videos by labeling each frame with a set of patient actions and the patient’s positions. We retrained the back-bone CNN model with 23,040 labeled images of patient’s actions for 32 epochs. Across each frame, the proposed model allocated a unique confidence score and action label for video sequences by finding the recurrent action label. The present study shows that the accuracy of abnormal action recognition is 96.8%. Our proposed approach differentiated abnormal actions with improved F1-Score of 89.2% which is higher than state-of-the-art techniques. The results indicate that the proposed framework can be beneficial to hospitals and elder care homes for patient monitoring.
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Cusack, Cheryl, Benita Cohen, Javier Mignone, Mariette J. Chartier, and Zana Lutfiyya. "Reorienting Public Health Nurses’ Practice With a Professional Practice Model." Canadian Journal of Nursing Research 49, no. 1 (January 4, 2017): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0844562116686003.
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Purpose Documents articulating public health nurses’ (PHNs’) roles, including Canadian standards and competencies, depict a broad focus working at multiple levels to improve population outcomes through the promotion of health equity. Conversely, Canadian experts depict a looming crisis, based on the rising disconnect between daily activities and ideal practice. While perfectly positioned, PHNs’ skills and abilities are under-utilized and largely invisible. The intention of this study was to develop a model to support the full scope of equity-focused PHN practice. Method A participatory action research approach was used. Qualitative data were gathered using semistructured interview guides during audio-recorded meetings. The data were coded into central themes using content analysis and constant comparison. A researcher reflexive journal and field notes were kept. A significant feature was full participant involvement. Results The outcome was a professional practice model to reframe the PHN role to focus on population health and equity. The model was imperative in promoting full scope of practice, dealing with workload pressures, and describing PHNs’ value within the organization and broader health system. Conclusion Professional practice models hold promise as frameworks to depict autonomous practice activities, situated within organizations and healthcare systems, and underpinned by nursing knowledge.
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Julinar, Julinar. "Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial." JUPIIS: JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ILMU-ILMU SOSIAL 6, no. 2 (January 10, 2015): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jupiis.v6i2.2286.
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This study uses an action research in implementing a ‘picture to picture’ model of cooperative learning in the teaching-learning of Social Sciences. The learning model can provide an opportunity for pupils to try and interpret the materials, ideas and opinions in line with their capability and potency through observation and interpretation media of images. The research was conducted to 25 of pupils grade 3 at the Primary School of Tanah Baru in Regency of Southeast Aceh in the school year of 2012/2013, with the subject matter regarding natural and artificial environments. As in knowing in teaching, Standard of Competency and Basic Competency of Social Science is full of materials with a wider and memorized scope. It causes lower achieving in learning at the school, showing by monthly test as its result of 83,34 percent pupils obtained the Minimal Passing Score. While only 16,67 percent of them reached Minimal Passing Score with the average score of 4,83. Based on the finding, it could be concluded that the ‘picture to picture’ model of cooperative learning impacts positively in elevating pupils achievement in learning marked by increasing in passing of learning on every cycle, such as 64.00 percent in the first , 76.00 in the second and 88.00 percent in the third cycle.
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Pujo, Muhammad. "Penerapan Model Number Head Together (NHT) untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Narasi Ekspositoris di Kelas Tinggi." JURNAL INOVASI PENDIDIKAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN SEKOLAH DASAR 3, no. 1 (October 8, 2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jippsd.v3i1.106326.
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The objectives of this research are to describe NHT model implementation and also to describe the result which shows improvements in expository narrative writing skills. This research is based on Classroom Action Research. Data are collected through tests, documentations, and observation sheets for teachers and students. It uses quantitative descriptive analysis technique. NHT model implementation affected well showing improvements in every conducted action. The result shows average pre-cycles score of 51,81 with 26% classical completeness. After actions conducted using NHT model, cycle 1 shows average score of 63,1 with 61% classical completeness and cycle 2 shows average score of 75 with 84% classical completeness. The result of expository narrative writing skill are calculated using gain score, which showing a score of 0,48 with medium category.
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Schnell, F. W., and C. C. Cockerham. "Multiplicative vs. arbitrary gene action in heterosis." Genetics 131, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/131.2.461.
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Abstract In this article we investigate multiplicative effects between genes in relation to heterosis. The extensive literature on heterosis due to multiplicative effects between characters is reviewed, as is earlier work on the genetic description of heterosis. A two-locus diallelic model of arbitrary gene action is used to derive linear parameters for two multiplicative models. With multiplicative action between loci, epistatic effects are nonlinear functions of one-locus effects and the mean. With completely multiplicative action, the mean and additive effects form similar restrictions for all the rest of the effects. Extensions to more than two loci are indicated. The linear parameters of various models are then used to describe heterosis, which is taken as the difference between respective averages of a cross (F1) and its two parent populations (P). The difference (F2 - P) is also discussed. Two parts of heterosis are distinguished: part I arising from dominance, and part II due to additive x additive (a x a)-epistasis. Heterosis with multiplicative action between loci implies multiplicative accumulation of heterosis present at individual loci in part I, in addition to multiplicative (a x a)-interaction in part II. Heterosis with completely multiplicative action can only be negative (i.e., the F1 values must be less than the midparent), but the difference (F2 - P) can be positive under certain conditions. Heterosis without dominance can arise from multiplicative as well as any other nonadditive action between loci, as is exemplified by diminishing return interaction. The discussion enlarges the scope in various directions: the genetic significance of multiplicative models is considered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Butterfoss, Frances D., Ardythe L. Morrow, Jorge Rosenthal, Eugene Dini, R. Clinton Crews, J. DeWitt Webster, and Patricia Louis. "CINCH: An Urban Coalition for Empowerment and Action." Health Education & Behavior 25, no. 2 (April 1998): 212–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019819802500208.
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CINCH (Consortium for the Immunization of Norfolk's Children) is an urban coalition that was developed in 1993 to improve childhood immunization rates in Norfolk, Virginia. CINCH involves diverse citizens and institutions in effective community-based assessment, planning, and action. A needs assessment from 1993 found that only 49% of Norfolk 2-year-olds were adequately immunized. Using this data, CINCH developed a plan focused on education and communication, support for at-risk families, increased access to immunizations, and improved immunization delivery. After federal funding ended in 1995, members voted to expand the scope of the coalition to address additional child health needs and to broaden the membership. CINCH is a model for a sustainable city-citizen learning environment that intervenes to "help families help themselves to better health." The coalition is presented as an organization that focuses on community empowerment and development. The stages of coalition development and implications for coalition implementation in other sites are discussed.
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Sellers, W. I., R. A. Hill, and B. S. Logan. "An agent-based model of group decision making in baboons." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1485 (April 11, 2007): 1699–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2064.
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We present an agent-based model of the key activities of a troop of chacma baboons ( Papio hamadryas ursinus ) based on the data collected at De Hoop Nature Reserve in South Africa. We analyse the predictions of the model in terms of how well it is able to duplicate the observed activity patterns of the animals and the relationship between the parameters that control the agent's decision procedure and the model's predictions. At the current stage of model development, we are able to show that across a wide range of decision parameter values, the baboons are able to achieve their energetic and social time requirements. The simulation results also show that decisions concerning movement (group action selection) have the greatest influence on the outcomes. Those cases where the model's predictions fail to agree with the observed activity patterns have highlighted key elements that were missing from the field data, and that would need to be collected in subsequent fieldwork. Based on our experience, we believe group decision making is a fertile field for future research, and agent-based modelling offers considerable scope for understanding group action selection.
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Poza-Vilches, María de Fátima, José Gutiérrez-Pérez, and María Teresa Pozo-Llorente. "Quality Criteria to Evaluate Performance and Scope of 2030 Agenda in Metropolitan Areas: Case Study on Strategic Planning of Environmental Municipality Management." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2 (January 8, 2020): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020419.
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The United Nations’ (UN) 2030 Agenda brings new governance challenges to municipal environmental planning, both in large urban centres and in metropolitan peripheries. The opportunities of the new framework of action proposed by the United Nations (UN) and its integrative, global, and transversal nature constitute advances from the previous models of municipal management based on the Local Agenda 21. This text provides evidence to apply quality criteria and validated instruments of participatory evaluation. These instruments have been built on the foundation of evaluative research, a scientific discipline that provides rigour and validity to those decisions adopted at a municipal level. A case study focused on a metropolitan area serves as a field of experimentation for this model of the modernization of environmental management structures at a local level. Details of the instruments, agents, priority decision areas, methodologies, participation processes, and quality criteria are provided, as well as an empirically validated model for participatory municipal management based on action research processes and strategic planning that favours a shared responsibility across all social groups in the decision-making process and in the development of continuous improvement activities that are committed to sustainability. Finally, a critical comparison of weaknesses and strengths is included in light of the evidence collected.
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Seferoglu, Suleyman Sadi, and Fatma Kubra Celen. "Improving the use of ICT through online professional development platform based on metacognitive strategies." Global Journal of Information Technology: Emerging Technologies 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjit.v10i1.4747.
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In this study, it is aimed to developing an online professional development practice to support teachers’ use of ICT. The study was conducted as an action research. Within the scope of action research, the data collection/analysis process, the situation and problems have been identified and the action/implementation plan has been developed. Within the scope of the action/implementation plan, the process of structuring the professional development programme and the development of the online learning environment was carried out. The study group consists of teachers with different ICT usage competency levels, professional experiences and branches. The data were collected through different data collection tools, which were personal information form, semi-structured interview forms and valid and reliable scales. As a result of the study, it was determined that the online professional development practice contributed positively to teachers’ use of ICT and the use of meta cognitive learning strategies. In this context, an online professional development model has been proposed that can support the use of ICT in the teaching–learning process in the context of developing ICT knowledge and skills, using meta cognitive learning strategies, and awareness of new technologies.
Keywords: Online learning, ICT, professional development, metacognition, technology use.
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Yusvia, Dona Yolanda, Martono Martono, and A. Totok Priyadi. "PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENGIDENTIFIKASI UNSUR INTRINSIK CERPEN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE PAIR CHECK." Jurnal Edukasi Khatulistiwa 2, no. 2 (October 17, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/ekha.v2i2.37092.
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AbstractA general problem in this research is how the improvement of identifying the intrinsic elements skills of short story using the cooperative model type of Pair Check at the students of XI IS4 SMA Santu Petrus Pontianak?". This was a researcher’s effort to improve the identifying the intrinsic elements skills of short story of students and provided a new variation in learning process as well as resolving students’ learning difficulties in in increasing the students’ score.This research used qualitative descriptive method form. The procedures in this research was a classroom action research (CAR) by four stages, there are action planning (planning), implementation of the action (action), observations (observation), and reflection (reflecting).Based on the results of data analysis in this research was known that the application of identifying the intrinsic elements of short story by using the cooperative learning model type of pair check can improve student learning outcomes. After done with the action I students’ average was 69,75 with the highest score was 89, action II with the students’ average score was 74,33 with average score was 89, and the action III, students’ average score was 83.33%with the highest score was 89. Keywords: Cooperative, Improvement, Model, Pair Check
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Daşdemir, Ahmet. "A Mathematical Model for Forced Vibration of Pre-Stressed Piezoelectric Plate-Strip Resting On Rigid Foundation." MATEMATIKA 34, no. 2 (December 2, 2018): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/matematika.v34.n2.988.
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A mathematical model to investigate the dynamic response of a piezoelectric plate-strip with initial stress under the action of a time-harmonic force resting on a rigid foundation is presented within the scope of the three-dimensional linearized theory of electro-elasticity waves in initially stressed bodies (TLTEEWISB). The governing system of equations of motion is solved by employing the Finite Element Method (FEM). The numerical results illustrating the dependencies of different problem parameters are investigated. In particular, the influence of a change in the value of the initial stress parameter on the dynamic response of the plate-strip is discussed.
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Ramadhan, Fahmi Nur. "Edutainment Model Implementation Using If History In History Learning (Classroom Action Research at X MIPA 4 SMAN 6 Bandung)." Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series 3, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/shes.v3i2.46239.
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<p><em>This research were taken based on the low of students' understanding in historical comprehension class. The low students' understanding about history can be seen from the tendency of students that depend on textbooks that make them them cannot develop historical facts more broadly. This research tries to answer some formulation of the problem including how teachers application the learning methods to improve students' understanding of history through edutainment models using if history. The research method used in this research is the Class Action Research method with the research design model Kemmis and McTaggart that consist of the stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Based on the results of the research that have been done in three actions, it shows an increase in the understanding of students' history after the application of edutainment models using if history. In action I the writer obtained a score of 41.6%, action II amounted to 55.5%, in action III and IV of 100%. This increase shows that the application of edutainment models using if history is very effective to improve students' historical understanding in history learning.</em></p>
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Singh, Dilpreet, and Mudimallana Goud. "A 3D Spark Model to Evaluate MRR in ECDM." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 18, no. 03 (September 2019): 435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686719500239.
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Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) is an advanced machining process which uses both chemical action and spark discharge method for removal of materials. Till date, most of the applications of ECDM are in machining nonconductive materials, although some authors have also tried machining conductive materials. This paper attempts to develop a finite element simulation model based on heat generation in the spark region to evaluate material removal rate (MRR) in case of quartz and soda lime glass. The calculation of MRR is based on melting and evaporation of the material due to high temperature generated due to spark discharge. Convection heat transfer is also considered in the analysis. The results obtained from the simulation are compared with available experimental results and previous simulation results. Although this process is not used in the industry till now, it has a lot of scope for research and development.
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Prescott, Tony J., Joanna J. Bryson, and Anil K. Seth. "Introduction. Modelling natural action selection." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1485 (April 11, 2007): 1521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2050.
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Action selection is the task of resolving conflicts between competing behavioural alternatives. This theme issue is dedicated to advancing our understanding of the behavioural patterns and neural substrates supporting action selection in animals, including humans. The scope of problems investigated includes: (i) whether biological action selection is optimal (and, if so, what is optimized), (ii) the neural substrates for action selection in the vertebrate brain, (iii) the role of perceptual selection in decision-making, and (iv) the interaction of group and individual action selection. A second aim of this issue is to advance methodological practice with respect to modelling natural action section. A wide variety of computational modelling techniques are therefore employed ranging from formal mathematical approaches through to computational neuroscience, connectionism and agent-based modelling. The research described has broad implications for both natural and artificial sciences. One example, highlighted here, is its application to medical science where models of the neural substrates for action selection are contributing to the understanding of brain disorders such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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Lee, Sze Seau. "Design Principles of a Responsive Pedagogical Model for Multimodal Skills of Oral Presentation." Malaysian Journal of ELT Research 18, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.52696/uqbf6793.
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Within the scope of pedagogy, established methods have been found to be incongruous with the multimodal skills required of oral presentations in the 21st century. Despite pedagogical innovations situated in native-speaking and advanced countries being so productive in experimenting with pedagogical techniques for various types of oral skills, multimodal skills of oral presentations have still been overlooked. The author is a practitioner in Malaysian higher education who struggles with this pedagogical dilemma in her daily professional life. Therefore, to respond to this practical issue and theoretical gap, the author designed a pedagogical model named the Responsive Multimodal Oral Presentation Pedagogy (RMO2P) to respond appropriately and proactively to the gap in oral presentation pedagogy. A practical action research that was based on McNiff & Whitehead’s (2011) action-reflection cycle was implemented in a tertiary Malaysian classroom for 13 weeks contributed to five applicable and theoretically informed design principles of RMO2P which are based on the spirit of responsiveness. It is hoped that the explicit discussion on its design principles could inspire other teachers with no external funding and sophisticated technical expertise to embark on research for pedagogical improvement.
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Palmer, Katie, Angelo Carfì, Carmen Angioletti, Antonella Di Paola, Rokas Navickas, Laimis Dambrauskas, Elena Jureviciene, et al. "A Methodological Approach for Implementing an Integrated Multimorbidity Care Model: Results from the Pre-Implementation Stage of Joint Action CHRODIS-PLUS." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 5044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245044.
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Patients with multimorbidity (defined as the co-occurrence of multiple chronic diseases) frequently experience fragmented care, which increases the risk of negative outcomes. A recently proposed Integrated Multimorbidity Care Model aims to overcome many issues related to fragmented care. In the context of Joint Action CHRODIS-PLUS, an implementation methodology was developed for the care model, which is being piloted in five sites. We aim to (1) explain the methodology used to implement the care model and (2) describe how the pilot sites have adapted and applied the proposed methodology. The model is being implemented in Spain (Andalusia and Aragon), Lithuania (Vilnius and Kaunas), and Italy (Rome). Local implementation working groups at each site adapted the model to local needs, goals, and resources using the same methodological steps: (1) Scope analysis; (2) situation analysis—“strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats” (SWOT) analysis; (3) development and improvement of implementation methodology; and (4) final development of an action plan. This common implementation strategy shows how care models can be adapted according to local and regional specificities. Analysis of the common key outcome indicators at the post-implementation phase will help to demonstrate the clinical effectiveness, as well as highlight any difficulties in adapting a common Integrated Multimorbidity Care Model in different countries and clinical settings.
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Gawęda, Ł., J. Mikuła, W. Szelenbaum, and A. Kokoszka. "Towards a cognitive model of hallucinations in the course of alcohol dependence? A source monitoring-based pilot study." Psychological Medicine 44, no. 13 (March 27, 2014): 2763–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714000476.
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BackgroundWe investigated whether source-monitoring deficits (here a discrimination between imagined and performed actions) underlie hallucinations among patients with a history of hallucinations in the course of their alcohol dependence.MethodWe assessed 29 patients with alcohol dependence who had no history of hallucinations during their course of alcoholism and 29 patients with a history of at least one episode of hallucinations of any modality during their course of alcohol dependency. The control group consisted of 24 healthy participants. Participants were assessed with an action memory task. Simple actions were presented to the participants verbally or non-verbally. Some actions were performed physically and others were imagined. In the recognition phase, participants were asked whether the action was presented verbally or non-verbally (action presentation type discrimination) and whether the action was performed or imagined (self-monitoring). A confidence score related to self-monitoring responses was also obtained.ResultsAlcoholics with a history of hallucinations misremembered imagined actions as perceived ones more frequently than patients without hallucinations, but not the reverse. Only patients with a history of hallucinations committed more errors of this type than healthy subjects. There were no group differences regarding discrimination between an action presentation type. Both clinical groups committed errors with a higher degree of confidence than healthy subjects.ConclusionsOur results tentatively suggest that a specific type of source-monitoring deficit (i.e. confusing imagery with reality) may be involved in the hallucinations in patients with alcohol dependence. The findings are discussed in the light of a transdiagnostic approach to hallucinations.
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Cotraccia, Anthony J. "Adaptive Information Processing and a Systemic Biopsychosocial Model." Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 6, no. 1 (2012): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.6.1.27.
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Shapiro’s (2001) adaptive information processing (AIP) model portrays an innate healing system hypothesized to be composed of neurophysiological mechanisms of action causally related to the resolution of disturbing life experiences. The author expands the model to include psychosocial mechanisms and suggests that a model of a biopsychosocial system can best depict causal properties related to positive outcomes of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Teleofunctionalist and evolutionary perspectives are applied: the first, to explain the inclusion of the psychological and social features highlighted in the updated model; the second, to support the hypothesis that AIP is a goal of the human attachment system. It is posited that bonding, following a disturbing life experience, facilitates the access of information related to previous states, thus allowing an update of self/world models. These interactions are analogous to psychotherapeutic encounters, with multiple levels of information processing at subpersonal, personal, and interpersonal levels. Analysis of the causal properties of personal and interpersonal levels supports a broader understanding of AIP’s scope in conceptualizing psychopathology and informing treatment applications and research.
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Schmidt, Martin, and Timothy Leung. "A model for improving postgraduate medical education using the GMC survey." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S155—S156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.434.
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AimsTo investigate whether the General Medical Council (GMC) National Training Surveys (NTS) can be analysed to develop a plan of action that improves postgraduate training.BackgroundAs part of its role in quality assurance of medical training, the GMC conducts an annual survey of trainers and trainees. The Doctors in training survey, part of the NTS, consists of 70 questions which are grouped into 18 indicators of quality. At Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, we were keen to use the comprehensive data in the NTS to improve training. We analysed each question to create a plan of action to improve the quality of training.MethodWe used data from the online reporting tool to calculate the scores for each question in the 2018 NTS. Taking into account the impact of year-on-year changes in the content of the survey, we examined the score, change from 2017 to 2018, and difference between the score and indicator mean to identify poorly-performing questions. Other questions with clear potential for further improvement were also highlighted. A plan of action was produced by the Leadership and Education Fellow and Director of Medical Education.Result29 actions were identified. The most common were to ensure that information (e.g. job descriptions, professional opportunities) was accessible to trainees (8 actions); liaise with other teams (e.g. Human Resources, Safety team) (6); discuss issues with or provide information to trainers (5); discuss with trainees to contextualise survey results within their experiences (4); and ensure that information was delivered at induction (3).To implement these actions, we conducted a workshop for trainers and held feedback meetings with trainees. 76.5% of trainers (13/17) and 88.5% of trainees (23/26) surveyed following these respective events agreed or strongly agreed that the NTS can be used to improve the training experience. A presentation on making the most of the placement was added to trainee induction and was rated excellent or good by all respondents (28/28). Posters were also produced to disseminate information. In the subsequent NTS, there was an improvement in SABP's performance in 12/18 indicators in the Doctors in training survey, with one green flag denoting performance in the top quartile of trusts nationally.ConclusionThe NTS can be analysed to create a plan of action with elements that trainers and trainees feel can improve their experience. Our model demonstrates the potential for using NTS data to plan quality improvement in training.
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Chaeruman, Uwes Anisa. "SUATU MODEL PENDIDIKAN DENGAN SISTEM BELAJAR MANDIRI." Jurnal Teknodik 21, no. 3 (September 24, 2018): 007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32550/teknodik.v21i3.460.
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This case study research was focused to find out what, why and how (1) PGMKSBM was implemented; and (2) the diffusion of PGMKSBM was taken. Data collection techniques used were (1) questionnaires; (2) in-depth interviews; and (3) documents and archives analysis. Scope of the study was limited only to the implementation of PGMKSBM in Banten Province. Research findings show that PGMKSBM is an in-service training program aimed to enhance the teacher’ qualification (D-2 or D3) for teachers who are still active teaching but do not has qualification as required, yet. PGMKSBM has some unique characteristics, i.e. (1) it’s in-service training program, not preservice training program; (2) using independent learning system that integrated with the daily teaching practices; (3) applying collaborative action research approach to synergize between theory and daily teaching practices; (4) using authentic assessment technique (portfolio) beside pencil on paper test as learning assessment tools; and (5) use peers and principals as partner and learning resources. Success of PGMKSBM implementation can be showed by some indicators, i.e. (1) quantity of graduated students; (2) improvement of student’ mastery of teaching; (3) teacher performance improvement in school; and (4) improvement on student’ achievement.
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Awiria, Awiria, Nadiroh Nadiroh, and Ma'ruf Akbar. "The Diversity of the National Culture of Elementary School Students Using the Value Clarification Technique Learning Model." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i3.863.
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This study aims to improve the understanding of elementary school students about the security of national culture by using the Value Clarification Technique learning model. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with classroom action research techniques. The results of this study showed that there was a significant increase in the material of the national cultural diversity of students using the Value Clarification Technique learning model. This is because the Value Clarification Technique learning model could be an alternative in improving students' national cultural diversity material because this method focuses on student behavior in acting like giving students a broader scope to bring out their abilities, making students more active, and making students more confident.
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Aldossri, Musfer, Chimere Okoronkwo, Virginia Dodd, Heather Manson, and Sonica Singhal. "Determinants of dentists’ readiness to assess HPV risk and recommend immunization: A transtheoretical model of change-based cross-sectional study of Ontario dentists." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): e0247043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247043.
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Objectives To evaluate dentists’ readiness to assess the history of human papilloma virus (HPV) infections and recommend immunization among their patients. Materials and methods A link to a self-administered questionnaire was emailed to Ontario dentists. Dentists’ readiness and its determinants were assessed based on Transtheoretical Model’s ‘stages’ and ‘processes’ of change, respectively. Based on their current practices, dentists were either assigned to ‘pre-action’ or ‘action+’ stages. Results Of the 9,975 dentists contacted, 932 completed the survey; 51.9% participants were in action stage to assess the history of HPV infections and 20.5% to recommend immunization. Internationally-trained and those whose office’s physical layout was not a concern to discuss patients’ sexual history were more likely to assess the history. Dentists with higher knowledge about HPV vaccines, not concerned about the HPV vaccine safety, comfortable discussing sex-related topics with patients, or willing to exceed their scope of practice were more ready to recommend HPV immunization to their patients. Conclusion Improving Ontario dentists’ knowledge and communication skills and changing their self-perceived role regarding HPV infections and vaccination can increase their capacity to minimize the burden of HPV infections.
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Stoever, William K. B. "The Study of Religion in the University: Beyond Scientific and Humanistic Approaches." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 40, no. 2 (March 21, 2011): 131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429811399999.
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This essay considers an exchange between ‘‘new secular’’ theologians in the US and a Canadian proponent of the scientific study of religion, about humanistic and scientific values in the academic study of religion, in relation to the character of contemporary universities and the scope of the humanities. It suggests that the humanistic study of religion is culturally normal in North American higher education and educationally important, but is limited as a program for the study of religion as social reality. The essay argues that systematic, integrated study of religions, incorporating contemporary knowledge about human behavior, is necessary for understanding actions of religious people in social and historical circumstances. To this end it proposes an integrated causal model, drawing on Michael Pye’s concept of Religionswissenschaft and Talcott Parsons’s general action theory.
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Spiegler, Ran. "Bayesian Networks and Boundedly Rational Expectations *." Quarterly Journal of Economics 131, no. 3 (March 7, 2016): 1243–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjw011.
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AbstractI present a framework for analyzing decision making under imperfect understanding of correlation structures and causal relations. A decision maker (DM) faces an objective long-run probability distribution p over several variables (including the action taken by previous DMs). The DM is characterized by a subjective causal model, represented by a directed acyclic graph over the set of variable labels. The DM attempts to fit this model to p , resulting in a subjective belief that distorts p by factorizing it according to the graph via the standard Bayesian network formula. As a result of this belief distortion, the DM’s evaluation of actions can vary with their long-run frequencies. Accordingly, I define a ”personal equilibrium” notion of individual behavior. The framework enables simple graphical representations of causal-attribution errors (such as coarseness or reverse causation), and provides tools for checking rationality properties of the DM’s behavior. I demonstrate the framework’s scope of applications with examples covering diverse areas, from demand for education to public policy.
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Kholil, Muhammad, and Maimun Sholeh. "Analisis Model Pembelajaran SAVI (Somatis, Auditori, Visual, dan Intelektual) dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Fikih." FONDATIA 5, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.36088/fondatia.v5i2.1415.
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This study aims to analyze the SAVI learning model (Somatic, Auditory, Visual, and Intellectual) to improve student learning outcomes in fiqh subjects. This research is classified as classroom action research (CAR). Data collection was carried out using tests. The design of the classroom action research model is applied in several cycles. Each cycle includes four stages, namely: planning actions, implementing actions, observation / evaluation and reflection. The subjects of this study were fourth grade students of MI Darus Salam Prasi, Gading District, Probolinggo Regency, which collected 20 students. The results showed that the SAVI learning model had a positive impact on student learning outcomes. This can be seen in student learning outcomes which have increased in cycle I. The level of completeness of 20 students reaches 65%, with an average score of 72. In cycle II, the level of completeness reaches 90% of 20 students. the average score is 81 points. The results of the study can be said that the SAVI learning model has a significant effect on improving students' fiqh learning outcomes.
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Rahmi, Yulia, and Ilham Marnola. "PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOTION (CIRC)." Jurnal Basicedu 4, no. 3 (May 28, 2020): 662–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v4i3.406.
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The purpose of this study was to describe the improvement in reading comprehension results using CIRC type cooperative learning in class V SDN 04 Padang Ganting. This study uses a qualitative approach to the classroom action research design. The design of this research includes (1) preliminary studies, preparation of action plans, (2) research implementation activities consisting of the stages of implementing actions, observations and reflection stages. This action research was carried out in two cycles. The researcher acts as a presenter / practitioner in the learning process, while the observer is a colleague on duty at the research site. The results showed that the use of the CIRC type cooperative approach in learning to read comprehension was effective for improving reading comprehension skills. This can be seen from the value of students obtained from the first cycle which is an average student score of 7.09, while in the second cycle the average value of students is 8.55. From the results of this study it can be concluded that learning to read comprehension by using a CIRC type cooperative approach can improve student learning outcomes.
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Resende Xavier, Silvia, and Luciana Dos Santos Duarte. "DESIGN AND ART PROMOTING SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE RECYCLING: THE ANALYSIS OF A COLLABORATIVE ACTION TO SUPPORT WASTE PICKERS IN NEW YORK CITY." MIX Sustentável 3, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.mix2017.v3.n4.85-90.
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The possibility of recovering discarded materials and selling them for revenue leads many individuals worldwide to engage in waste collection. This situation is observed in New York City, where waste pickers collect discarded beverage containers in the streets. Although contributing to recycling in the city, these workers face political and social obstacles. This study aims to investigate actions that support waste pickers worldwide, as well as their potential for exchange. Some specific goals are to examine the development of a Brazilian project in the context of recycling in the USA, and to evaluate the social and environmental outcomes of a design and art collaborative action. The methodology for this research-and-practice based study comprises a theoretical review, a field research to gather qualitative data, and a case study of an action promoted within the scope of this work. When analysing the results of this study, the contribution of design and art action is evidenced, and three important findings are highlighted: the relevance of a sense of identity for waste pickers; the importance of waste pickers being visible within the urban environment; and the potential for changes in the interactions between waste pickers and other citizens. Finally, this study accomplishes the goals of employing design and art to promote a socio-environmental action based on a collaborative model, and of evaluating the outcomes of this experience exchange between a Brazilian project and a NYC based organization.
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ANDRAUS, Sílvia Helena Campos, Raquel Conceição FERREIRA, João Henrique Lara do AMARAL, and Marcos Azeredo Furquim WERNECK. "Organization of oral health actions in primary care from the perspective of dental managers and dentists: process of work, planning and social control." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 65, no. 4 (December 2017): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720170002000083354.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate both the managers’ and dental surgeons’ perception about the organization of oral health actions in primary care, regarding the work process, planning and social control, in a health micro region. Methods: Qualitative study case with the performance of interviews with oral health managers and focal group with dental surgeons. The content analysis proposed by Bardin was used. Results: The management of the planning and work process is characterized by isolated actions, low institutional support and verticalized authoritarian processes. In the scope of primary care, there is no integrality nor intersectoriality. The managers and dental surgeons have little access to the fundamental indicators and parameters to the initial diagnosis of the planning. Conclusion: The National Program of Improvement to the Access and Quality in Primary Care allowed a possible breakthrough in the current model, with the implementation of new ways of work organization and production, record information, planning and action implementation. There is hardly any social control.
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Papeo, Liuba, Jean-Rémy Hochmann, and Lorella Battelli. "The Default Computation of Negated Meanings." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 28, no. 12 (December 2016): 1980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01016.
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Negation is a fundamental component of human reasoning and language. Yet, current neurocognitive models, conceived to account for the cortical representation of meanings (e.g., writing), hardly accommodate the representation of negated meanings (not writing). One main hypothesis, known as the two-step model, proposes that, for negated meanings, the corresponding positive representation is first fully activated and then modified to reflect negation. Recast in neurobiological terms, this model predicts that, in the initial stage of semantic processing, the neural representation of a stimulus' meaning is indistinguishable from the neural representation of that meaning following negation. Although previous work has shown that pragmatic and task manipulations can favor or hinder a two-step processing, we just do not know how the brain processes an utterance as simple as “I am not writing.” We implemented two methodologies based on chronometric TMS to measure motor excitability (Experiment 1) and inhibition (Experiment 2) as physiological markers of semantic access to action-related meanings. We used elementary sentences (Adverb + Verb) and a passive reading task. For the first time, we defined action word-related motor activity in terms of increased excitability and concurrently reduced inhibition. Moreover, we showed that this pattern changes already in the earliest stage of semantic processing, when action meanings were negated. Negation modifies the neural representation of the argument in its scope, as soon as semantic effects are observed in the brain.
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Lorenzo, Javier, Ignacio Parra Alonso, Rubén Izquierdo, Augusto Luis Ballardini, Álvaro Hernández Saz, David Fernández Llorca, and Miguel Ángel Sotelo. "CAPformer: Pedestrian Crossing Action Prediction Using Transformer." Sensors 21, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 5694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21175694.
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Anticipating pedestrian crossing behavior in urban scenarios is a challenging task for autonomous vehicles. Early this year, a benchmark comprising JAAD and PIE datasets have been released. In the benchmark, several state-of-the-art methods have been ranked. However, most of the ranked temporal models rely on recurrent architectures. In our case, we propose, as far as we are concerned, the first self-attention alternative, based on transformer architecture, which has had enormous success in natural language processing (NLP) and recently in computer vision. Our architecture is composed of various branches which fuse video and kinematic data. The video branch is based on two possible architectures: RubiksNet and TimeSformer. The kinematic branch is based on different configurations of transformer encoder. Several experiments have been performed mainly focusing on pre-processing input data, highlighting problems with two kinematic data sources: pose keypoints and ego-vehicle speed. Our proposed model results are comparable to PCPA, the best performing model in the benchmark reaching an F1 Score of nearly 0.78 against 0.77. Furthermore, by using only bounding box coordinates and image data, our model surpasses PCPA by a larger margin (F1=0.75 vs. F1=0.72). Our model has proven to be a valid alternative to recurrent architectures, providing advantages such as parallelization and whole sequence processing, learning relationships between samples not possible with recurrent architectures.
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Siregar, Nurhasana. "PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP IPA SISWA DAN PENGELOLAAN PEMBELAJARAN GURU DENGAN MENERAPKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH." EKSAKTA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pembelajaran MIPA 4, no. 1 (January 27, 2019): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/eksakta.v4i1.60-65.
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Abstract: This action research aims to describe the understanding of students' science concepts and describe the teacher's ability to manage learning on the actual problems of learning in the classroom by applying problem-based learning models. The research subjects were students of class VII-4 totaling 44 people and 1 science teacher. This classroom action research is carried out in two cycles, each of which consists of the stages of planning, implementing actions, observation, and reflection. The results showed that the ability of students to understand the concept in the first cycle was 59.09%, and in the second cycle there was an increase with a percentage of 86.36%. While the ability of teachers in the first cycle the average score of 3.1 and in the second cycle there was an improvement in learning practices so that an increase in the average score (3.8). Keywods: concept understanding, management of learning, problem based learning
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Hartini, Rini. "THE INCREASING MODEL OF FAMILY’S SOCIAL SUPPORT AND CHILD WITH DISABILITY’S ENVIRONMENT." Journal Sampurasun : Interdisciplinary Studies for Cultural Heritage 3, no. 2 (December 29, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/sampurasun.v3i2.427.
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Social support from family and the environment is one of the important variables that can support the development of children with disabilities. The purposes of the research are to know, understand and analyze; (1) social support received by children with disabilities from the family and the child's environment before the implamentation of the model; (2) design and implementation of the family and environmental social support development model; (3) social support received by child with disabity from the family and the environment of the child after the implementation of the model. This action research has involved 21 informants, consists of eight mothers, three fathers, eight children, one aunt and one grandmother. Data collection techniques are through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, participatory observation and documentation study. The research results show that social support before the implementation of model from family and the environment already exists but is still very minimum. After implementation of the model, social support from the family increased in all aspects of social support, they are: in the aspects of instrumental support, informational support, emotional support, self-esteem support, and support from the surrounding environment. The process of action research involved the active participation of informants to engage in social support development models through social work activities at micro, mezzo and macro scope. Indonesia which has a social capital in the form of a strong sense of kinship, it becomes the basis of model development. Involving the family and the environment directly in developed model, it is result more optimal social support system that can be provided to their children with disabilities.
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AYDIN, Ali Fikret. "CONSENSUS ORIENTED PUBLIC RELATIONS AS A SOCIAL THEORETICAL APPROACH." Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken / Journal of World of Turks 13, no. 1 (April 15, 2021): 401–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/zfwt/130120.
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Consensus-oriented public relations, which is considered within the social theoretical approach, is a model developed by Roland Burkart. The basic point on which the model is based is the concept of "consensus" mentioned by Habermas in his communicative action theory. Achieving consensus in communicative action depends on the efforts of the parties to understand each other. However, it is important to ensure equal conditions in the communication process and to create a democratic discussion environment. Thus, it may be possible to reach an consensus between institutions and target audiences in terms of public relations. The consensus-oriented public relations approach emphasizes that conflict resolution can be achieved when both sides develop the potential to understand each other in the face of a problem to be experienced between the institution and the target audience. At this point, it can be said that symmetrical public relations will facilitate understanding. As Habermas emphasized, a rational discussion and dialogue is the most effective way to bring the parties to an consensus. Consensus-oriented public relations model is explained within the scope of the study as a compilation. It is thought that this approach can contribute to institutions, especially in conflict management. Keywords: Consensus-Oriented Public Relations, Burkart, Theory of Communicative Action, Habermas.
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Boissonnault, William G., Mary Beth Badke, and Jane Megan Powers. "Pursuit and Implementation of Hospital-Based Outpatient Direct Access to Physical Therapy Services: An Administrative Case Report." Physical Therapy 90, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20080244.
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Background and Purpose Despite legislative approval of direct access to physical therapy, other regulatory barriers and internal institutional policies often must be overcome before this practice model can be fully adopted. Few institutional initiatives have been published describing strategies designed to change policies restricting direct patient access. This case report describes steps and strategies associated with successful implementation of a direct access physical therapy model at a large academic medical center. Case Description The process of obtaining institutional medical board and hospital authority board approval and implementing a pilot program is described. Program details, including therapist qualifications and scope of practice, the required internal training program, and program outcome assessment, are provided. The therapist scope of practice includes the ability to refer patients directly to a radiologist for plain film radiography. Early pilot program findings, including challenges faced and subsequent actions, are described. Outcomes Reviewed patient care decisions by therapists participating in the pilot program were deemed appropriate 100% of the time by physician chart reviewers. Approximately 10% of the patients seen were referred to a radiologist for plain film imaging, and 4% and 16% of the patients were referred to physicians for pain medications or medical consultation, respectively. The pilot program's success led to institutional adoption of the direct access model in all physical therapy outpatient clinics. Discussion Autonomy is described, in part, as self-determined professional judgment and action. This case report describes such an effort at a large academic medical center. The interdependent, collaborative relationship among physical therapists, physicians, and hospital administrators has resulted in the implementation of a patient-centered practice model based on the premise of patient choice.
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Ness, David A., and Ke Xing. "CONSUMPTION-BASED AND EMBODIED CARBON IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT: IMPLICATIONS FOR APEC’S LOW-CARBON MODEL TOWN PROJECT." Journal of Green Building 15, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.15.3.67.
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ABSTRACT In accordance with international protocols and directions, the APEC Energy Working Group has concentrated on constraining operational energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in cities across the Asia Pacific, especially from the widespread consumption of fossil fuels. In addition to economy level policies and recognising the different characteristics within the region, APEC has sought to take action at the town/city level via the Low-Carbon Model Town (LCMT) project, including the development of self-assessment tools and indicator systems. However, the “low carbon” landscape is changing. There is increasing recognition of embodied carbon, accompanied by the emergence of methods for its measurement, while the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group has recently highlighted the significance of consumption-based carbon. Similarly, the Greenhouse Gas Protocol for Cities (GPC) is likely to extend its ambit from Scope 1 GHG emissions, derived from energy use within a city boundaries, and Scope 2 emissions from grid-supplied electricity, heating and / or cooling, to Scope 3 emissions derived from materials and goods produced outside the boundaries of a city but associated with construction within that city. After describing these emerging approaches and the current landscape, the paper examines the significance and implications of these changes for APEC approaches, especially in relation to the LCMT project, its indicators and the varying characteristics of towns and cities within the Asia-Pacific region. Special attention is given to the built environment, which is known to be a major contributor to operational and embodied emissions. Consistent with the theme of the Asia-Pacific Energy Sustainable Development Forum covering “sustainable development of energy and the city,” a case is put forward for the current APEC approach to be extended to encompass both embodied and consumption-based emissions.
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Dewi, Senja Noviani, Tommy Tanu Wijaya, Ayu Budianti, and Euis Eti Rohaeti. "Pengaruh Model Teams Games Tournament Terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematik Siswa Kelas XI SMK di Kota Cimahi Pada Materi Fungsi Eksponen." WACANA AKADEMIKA: Majalah Ilmiah Kependidikan 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30738/wa.v2i1.2570.
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Education is a conscious and planned effort organized by school institutions to guide and train learners to grow awareness about the existence of life and the ability to solve every problem of life that always arises. It is reminded that teaching and learning activities are held in order to provide students with learning experiences. Selection of learning models used by teachers in delivering taught material can affect learning outcomes. One model of cooperative learning is Teams Games Tournament (TGT) model. The TGT learning model is a group learning model that involves student activity with an exchange of thoughts or ideas constructing knowledge amongst students in groups when getting assigned. This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) or Classroom Action Research is a research that is intended to provide information on how appropriate action to improve teachers' ability and student activeness. The results of the implementation of the first cycle of action I have achieved the classical indicator that has reached 62.5% students score above 70 and the results in cycle II reach 92% students score above 70.
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Lafortune, Louise, Lambert Farand, Isabelle Mondou, Claude Sicotte, and Renaldo Battista. "Assessing the performance of health technology assessment organizations: A framework." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 24, no. 01 (January 2008): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462307080105.
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In light of growing demands for public accountability, the broadening scope of health technology assessment organizations (HTAOs) activities and their increasing role in decision-making underscore the importance for them to demonstrate their performance. Based on Parson's social action theory, we propose a conceptual model that includes four functions an organization needs to balance to perform well: (i) goal attainment, (ii) production, (iii) adaptation to the environment, and (iv) culture and values maintenance. From a review of the HTA literature, we identify specific dimensions pertaining to the four functions and show how they relate to performance. We compare our model with evaluations reported in the scientific and gray literature to confirm its capacity to accommodate various evaluation designs, contexts of evaluation, and organizational models and perspectives. Our findings reveal the dimensions of performance most often assessed and other important ones that, hitherto, remain unexplored. The model provides a flexible and theoretically grounded tool to assess the performance of HTAOs.
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Mizaniya, Mizaniya, and Moh Agung Rokhimawan. "Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika dengan Model Pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together." Mitra PGMI: Jurnal Kependidikan MI 7, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.46963/mpgmi.v7i1.194.
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This study aimed to describe the implementation of the cooperative learning model of Numbered Heads Together (NHT) to improve mathematics learning outcomes. This research was a participatory and collaborative classroom action research conducted between researchers and teachers. The research subjects were teachers and 28 students grade IV A students at MI Al-Huda Karangnongko Yogyakarta. Data have been collected through observation, interviews, tests, and documentation, those further analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that learning mathematics using the NHT model could improve students' learning outcomes. This was indicated by an increase of learning outcomes percentage by 10.71% in pre-action, 53.57% in cycle I, and 92.86% in cycle II. The increase in the average of the evaluation test in the pre-action was 55.36 with the lowest score was 0 and the highest was 80, the first cycle was 72.86 with the lowest score was 0 and the highest was 100. The second cycle was 89.64 with the lowest score was 50 and the highest was 80 by minimum completeness criteria was 75. Therefore, NHT could improve students' mathematics learning outcomes.
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Hellström, Magnus. "Solution business models based on functional modularity – the case of complex capital goods." Journal of Service Management 25, no. 5 (October 14, 2014): 654–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-07-2013-0198.
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Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to outline a business model for product system solutions that is based on functional modularity. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs an illustrative case study design. The cases constitute two action research projects in two organisations delivering complex product systems. Findings – The paper illustrates the viability of a movement towards a solution business model based on the use of modular networks and integrated sub-supplies for complex product systems. It develops the idea of suppliers assuming responsibility for larger functional wholes in the delivery of large capital goods. Research limitations/implications – Future research should strive to further validate and falsify the proposed model, and for other product systems too, with a particular focus on their operational phases. Practical implications – The paper outlines a business model based on modularity for both main suppliers and sub-suppliers that wish to extend their scope of delivery and to share responsibility with their networks. Originality/value – The proposed model is in considerable contrast to conventional models in which the main supplier typically assumes most of the responsibility itself.
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Sandblom, Erik, Albin Gräns, Michael Axelsson, and Henrik Seth. "Temperature acclimation rate of aerobic scope and feeding metabolism in fishes: implications in a thermally extreme future." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1794 (November 7, 2014): 20141490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1490.
Full textAbstract:
Temperature acclimation may offset the increased energy expenditure (standard metabolic rate, SMR) and reduced scope for activity (aerobic scope, AS) predicted to occur with local and global warming in fishes and other ectotherms. Yet, the time course and mechanisms of this process is little understood. Acclimation dynamics of SMR, maximum metabolic rate, AS and the specific dynamic action of feeding (SDA) were determined in shorthorn sculpin ( Myoxocephalus scorpius ) after transfer from 10°C to 16°C. SMR increased in the first week by 82% reducing AS to 55% of initial values, while peak postprandial metabolism was initially greater. This meant that the estimated AS during peak SDA approached zero, constraining digestion and leaving little room for additional aerobic processes. After eight weeks at 16°C, SMR was restored, while AS and the estimated AS during peak SDA recovered partly. Collectively, this demonstrated a considerable capacity for metabolic thermal compensation, which should be better incorporated into future models on organismal responses to climate change. A mathematical model based on the empirical data suggested that phenotypes with fast acclimation rates may be favoured by natural selection as the accumulated energetic cost of a slow acclimation rate increases in a warmer future with exacerbated thermal variations.
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Haerazi, Haerazi, and Lalu Ari Irawan. "Practicing Genre-Based Language Teaching Model to Improve Students’ Achievement of Writing Skills." IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics) 4, no. 1 (November 15, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v4i1.246.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the use of genre-based language teaching model in the teaching of writing skills to improve students’ low achievement. It was aimed at improving the achievement of the fifth semester of English language education study program. This study was classroom action research. The subjects were the 4th semester in academic year 2017/2018. The procedure of the study included two steps namely the preliminary study and the action. The preliminary study collected information dealing with the students’ problems and the action presented the steps of the classroom action research. The data were collected through observation, questionnaire, and testing. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The result of the study showed that the genre-based language teaching model can improve the students’ writing achievement. Before the action, the average score of students’ writing achievement was 55 and the average score after the action was 76. The result was higher than the subject minimum passing grade which is 75. The improvement was supported by two indicators. First, students felt easy to write a descriptive text because the teaching steps guided them to practice writing much more according to the generic structures of the text. Last but not least, students felt compatible with the topics asked to be written because they have background knowledge of those.
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Yuti, Ahmad. "PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR FIQIH SISWA DI KELAS II MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH NEGERI 6 LANGKAT BOHOROK." SCHOOL EDUCATION JOURNAL PGSD FIP UNIMED 10, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/sejpgsd.v10i3.20828.
Full textAbstract:
Student learning outcomes by establishing a Team Games Tournament (TGT) Type Cooperative Learning Model have improved quite well. Before the class action (PTK) was carried out for the initial test, the average score of the Islamic Civilization History class II class II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 6 Langkat Bohorok, which amounted to 31 students, was 70 (moderate category) and the standard deviation was 8,116. After the class action was carried out in cycle I for the first final test, the average score of Islamic Civilization History subjects increased to 74 (moderate category) and the standard deviation was 6.825. Followed by class action in cycle II for the second final test, the average value of Islamic Civilization History subjects increased to 80 (high category) and the standard deviation was 4.479 with a minimum completeness criteria value (KKM) of 65. Next, the correlation between the initial test and cycle I was 0.766. (quite significant category) with a t test value of 6.53, and the correlation between cycle I and cycle II was 0.95 (very significant category) with a t test value of 16.578. And before the action was carried out the average attendance rate of students was 80%, after the action was carried out in the first cycle it became 89%, in the second cycle it was 100%. In general, students learn to be more independent. Keywords: Classroom action research (PTK), Cooperative Learning Model Type Team Games Tournament (TGT), Student Islamic Civilization History Learning Outcomes