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Journal articles on the topic 'Scorch occurrence in foams'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dumebi Okpor, Margaret, Kizito Eluemnor Anazia, Wilfred Adigwe, et al. "Unmasking effects of feature selection and SMOTE-Tomek in tree-based random forest for scorch occurrence detection." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 14, no. 3 (2025): 2393–403. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v14i3.8901.

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Scorch occurrence during the production of flexible polyurethane foam has been a menace that consistently, jeopardize a foam’s integrity and resilience. It leads to foam suppression and compactness integrity failure due to scorch. There is always the increased likelihood of scorching, and makes crucial the utilization of methods that seek to avert it. Studies predict that the formation of foam constituent processes via optimization using machine learning have adequately trained models to effectively identify scorch occurrence during the profiling in the polyurethane foam production. Our study

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2

Omoruwou, Felix, Arnold Adimabua Ojugo, and Solomon Ebuka Ilodigwe. "Strategic Feature Selection for Enhanced Scorch Prediction in Flexible Polyurethane Form Manufacturing." Journal of Computing Theories and Applications 2, no. 1 (2024): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.62411/jcta.9539.

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The occurrence of scorch during the production of flexible polyurethane is a significant issue that negatively impacts foam products' resilience and generally jeopardizes their integrity. The likelihood of foam product failure can be decreased by optimizing production variables based on machine learning algorithms used to predict the occurrence of scorch. Investigating technology is required because prevention is the best approach to dealing with this problem. Hence, machine learning algorithms were trained to predict the occurrence of scorch using the thermodynamic profile of polyurethane foa

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3

T. C., Aghaunor, Omede E. U., Ugbotu E. V., et al. "Enhanced Scorch Occurrence Prediction in Foam Production via a Fusion SMOTE-Tomek Balanced Deep Learning Scheme." NIPES Journal of Science and Technology Research 7, no. 2 (2025): 330–39. https://doi.org/10.37933/nipes/7.2.2025.25.

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4

Gray, Robert L., Robert E. Lee, and Brent M. Sanders. "Low volatility antioxidants for scorch protection of polyurethane foams." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 2, no. 3 (1996): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.10138.

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5

Luda, M. P., P. Nada, L. Costa, P. Bracco, and S. V. Levchik. "Relevant factors in scorch generation in fire retarded flexible polyurethane foams." Polymer Degradation and Stability 86, no. 1 (2004): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2003.11.009.

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6

Luda, M. P., L. Costa, P. Bracco, and S. V. Levchik. "Relevant factors in scorch generation in fire retarded flexible polyurethane foams." Polymer Degradation and Stability 86, no. 1 (2004): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2003.11.010.

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7

Chen, Rongrong, Jingle Zhu, Jiabing Zhao, et al. "Relationship between Leaf Scorch Occurrence and Nutrient Elements and Their Effects on Fruit Qualities in Chinese Chestnut Orchards." Forests 14, no. 1 (2022): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14010071.

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Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) is a multipurpose tree providing nuts and timbers, which holds an important position in the mountainous villages in China. However, leaf scorch disease is becoming more and more serious in the chestnut orchards of Yanshan Mountain areas, but the cause of occurrence is still unclear. In this study, the nutrient elements were analyzed from the leaves, roots, and surrounding soils of roots as well as the nut qualities in the healthy and scorched trees from two adjacent chestnut orchards. The results showed that the elements of nitrogen (N), iron (Fe), boron

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8

Sayer, Mary Anne S., Michael C. Tyree, Eric A. Kuehler, John K. Jackson, and Dylan N. Dillaway. "Physiological Mechanisms of Foliage Recovery after Spring or Fall Crown Scorch in Young Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris Mill.)." Forests 11, no. 2 (2020): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11020208.

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We hypothesized that physiological and morphological responses to prescribed fire support the post-scorch foliage recovery and growth of young longleaf pine. Two studies conducted in central Louisiana identified three means of foliage regrowth after fire that included an increase in the gas exchange rate of surviving foliage for 3 to 4 months after fire. Saplings also exhibited crown developmental responses to repeated fire that reduced the risk of future crown scorch. Starch reserves were a source of carbon for post-scorch foliage regrowth when fire was applied in the early growing season. Ho

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9

Hartman, J. R. "Occurrence of Oak Bacterial Leaf Scorch Caused byXylella fastidiosain Kentucky." Plant Disease 75, no. 8 (1991): 862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-75-0862d.

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10

Barnard, E. L., E. C. Ash, D. L. Hopkins, and R. J. McGovern. "Distribution of Xylella fastidiosa in Oaks in Florida and Its Association with Growth Decline in Quercus laevis." Plant Disease 82, no. 5 (1998): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1998.82.5.569.

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A survey of more than 200 trees has documented the widespread occurrence of Xylella fastidiosa in Florida oak populations. The pathogen was detected readily via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in oaks exhibiting decline or leaf scorch symptoms and was infrequently detected in asymptomatic trees. It was also associated with reduced growth in Quercus laevis as measured by current-year shoot length. The occurrence of X. fastidiosa in Q. laevis and the evidence for its occurrence in Q. incana represent first reports for these oak hosts. The role of X. fastidiosa in oak decline scenarios deserves

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11

González-Vázquez, Magali, Julián Ayala, Fernando García-Arenal, and Aurora Fraile. "Occurrence of Beet black scorch virus Infecting Sugar Beet in Europe." Plant Disease 93, no. 1 (2009): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-1-0021.

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In a survey of soilborne viruses infecting sugar beet in central Spain, Beet black scorch virus (BBSV) was detected in field grown sugar beets with symptoms of rhizomania disease. BBSV was found in all analyzed sugar beet producing regions from central Spain, as well as in bait plants grown in soils with a history of rhizomania from several Western European countries, thereby constituting the first report of BBSV in Europe. BBSV was transferred to Chenopodium quinoa, where it caused chlorotic local lesions from which virus particles were purified. The nucleotide sequence of the 3′-untranslated

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12

Rattanapan, Apaipan, Pornsri Sapsrithong, Surakit Tuampoemsab, and Thritima Sritapunya. "Preparation and Characterization of Natural Rubber Foam Filled with Bagasse Fiber." Materials Science Forum 1086 (April 27, 2023): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-qve16l.

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The properties of natural rubber foam filled with bagasse fiber of varying content (0-50 phr) and different blowing agent content (5 and 8 phr) were investigated, with rubber compounds and vulcanized rubber also examined. Rubber compound properties included measurements of scorch time, cure time, minimum torque, maximum torque, density, and percentage of expansion in the mold. When bagasse fiber and blowing agent content increased, the maximum torque value of the compounded rubber increased. For rubber compound with blowing agent loading at 5 phr, cure time increased with an increasing bagasse

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13

Collins, Luke, Adele Hunter, Sarah McColl-Gausden, Trent D. Penman, and Philip Zylstra. "The Effect of Antecedent Fire Severity on Reburn Severity and Fuel Structure in a Resprouting Eucalypt Forest in Victoria, Australia." Forests 12, no. 4 (2021): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12040450.

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Research highlights—Feedbacks between fire severity, vegetation structure and ecosystem flammability are understudied in highly fire-tolerant forests that are dominated by epicormic resprouters. We examined the relationships between the severity of two overlapping fires in a resprouting eucalypt forest and the subsequent effect of fire severity on fuel structure. We found that the likelihood of a canopy fire was the highest in areas that had previously been exposed to a high level of canopy scorch or consumption. Fuel structure was sensitive to the time since the previous canopy fire, but not

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14

Shojaie, Sahar, Ali Vahidifar, Ghasem Naderi, Elham Shokri, Tizazu H. Mekonnen, and Elnaz Esmizadeh. "Physical Hybrid of Nanographene/Carbon Nanotubes as Reinforcing Agents of NR-Based Rubber Foam." Polymers 13, no. 14 (2021): 2346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142346.

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Natural rubber (NR) foams reinforced by a physical hybrid of nanographene/carbon nanotubes were fabricated using a two-roll mill and compression molding process. The effects of nanographene (GNS) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) were investigated on the curing behavior, foam morphology, and mechanical and thermal properties of the NR nanocomposite foams. Microscope investigations showed that the GNS/CNT hybrid fillers acted as nucleation agents and increased the cell density and decreased the cell size and wall thickness. Simultaneously, the cell size distribution became narrower, containing more un

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15

Latham, A. J. "Occurrence ofGlomerella cingulatain Pecan Nut Shucks and Its Association with Fungal Leaf Scorch." Plant Disease 79, no. 2 (1995): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-79-0182.

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16

Pechurai, Worawan, Tatsanee Muansupan, and Petcharat Seawlee. "Effect of Foaming Temperature and Blowing Agent Content on Cure Characteristics, Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Natural Rubber Foams." Advanced Materials Research 844 (November 2013): 454–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.844.454.

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Influences of foaming temperature (i.e. 150 and 160OC) and blowing agent content on cure characteristics, mechanical and morphological properties of natural rubber (NR) foams were investigated. The blowing agent used in this study was oxybis (benzene sulfonyl) hydrazide (OBSH). The expandable rubber samples were prepared using a conventional compression molding technique via a heat transfer foaming process and an air-circulating oven. For cure behavior, it was found that maximum torque and torque difference tended to decrease with increasing the OBSH content for both processing temperatures. D

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17

Sanderlin, R. S., and R. A. Melanson. "Reduction of Xylella fastidiosa Transmission Through Pecan Scion Wood by Hot-Water Treatment." Plant Disease 92, no. 7 (2008): 1124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-7-1124.

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Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) bacterial leaf scorch disease, caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, causes leaf loss and reduction in yield of pecans. One of the ways that the pathogen infects newly developing trees is by graft-transmission through infected scion wood. Submersion of pecan scion wood in 46°C water for 30 min greatly reduced transmission of X. fastidiosa following grafting. During a 2-year study with potted rootstock grafted to either hot-water-treated or nontreated scion wood collected from limbs of ‘Cape Fear’ pecan infected with X. fastidiosa, the pathogen was detected in

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18

Andreieva, Olena, Olena Zhytovа, and Ivan Martynchuk. "Health Condition and Colonization of Stem Insects in Scots Pine after Ground Fire in Central Polissya." Folia Forestalia Polonica 60, no. 3 (2018): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2018-0014.

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Abstract Over the past decades, the increase in occurrence of fires has caused degradation of the forest ecosystem and caused impacts to the environment. The aim of this study was to reveal the peculiarities of Scots pine health condition dynamics in the first 2 years after August fire and to estimate the rate of tree colonisation by stem insects in Central Polissya. Scots pine health condition for the first 2 years after summer ground fire in August 2016 and the rate of tree colonisation by stem insects was studied in Zhytomyr region, Western Ukraine. Stem scorch height was measured for every

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19

Dyga, Roman, and Małgorzata Płaczek. "Influence of Hydrodynamic Conditions on the Type and Area of Occurrence of Gas–Liquid Flow Patterns in the Flow through Open–Cell Foams." Materials 13, no. 15 (2020): 3254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13153254.

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This paper reports the results of a study concerned with air−water and air−oil two–phase flow pattern analysis in the channels with open–cell metal foams. The research was conducted in a horizontal channel with an internal diameter of 0.02 m and length of 2.61 m. The analysis applied three foams with pore density equal to 20, 30 and 40 PPI (pore per inch) with porosity, typical for industrial applications, changing in the range of 92%–94%. Plug flow, slug flow, stratified flow and annular flow were observed over the ranges of gas and liquid superficial velocities of 0.031–8.840 m/s and 0.006–0

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20

Lehocký, Róbert, Daniel Pěček, Ivan Saloň, and František Štěpánek. "Occurrence and prevention of Pickering foams in pharmaceutical nano-milling." European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 143 (October 2019): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.08.016.

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21

Guo, Sy-Jye, and Hsiu-Fen Tsai. "Analysis on Thermal Hazard of Foam Decoration Materials." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/168143.

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The occurrence and spread of fire often result from the flammables in interior decoration materials, which mostly contain fireproof foam to avoid fire damage. In this study, the foams with reportedly fire resistance, such as general foam, PU foam, melamine foam, and rubber foam, are compared via thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis to build a thermal parameter database of decoration materials of fireproof foams and provide green building materials, technologies,

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22

Dyga, Roman, Małgorzata Płaczek, and Stanisław Witczak. "Influence of flow conditions and foam parameters on pressure drop and heat transfer in flow of fluids through channels filled with metal foams." MATEC Web of Conferences 240 (2018): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824003005.

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This paper reports the results of research into air, water and oil flow through pipes filled with open-cell metal foams, which form a material with a considerable potential for application in the design of process equipment. This study applied three metal foams with various geometrical parameters. The objective of the experiments involved the measurement of pressure drop within a relatively large range of the variability of the flow conditions. On the basis of data from the literature and analysis of the results of experiments, an assessment was undertaken concerned with the influence of the g

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23

Olena, Andreieva, Zhytovа Olena, and Martynchuk Ivan. "Health condition and colonization of stem insects in Scots pine after ground fire in Central Polissya." FOLIA FORESTALIA POLONICA, SERIES A – FORESTRY 60, no. 3 (2018): 143–53. https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2018-0014.

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Over the past decades, the increase in occurrence of fires has caused degradation of the forest ecosystem and caused impacts to the environment. The aim of this study was to reveal the peculiarities of Scots pine health condition dynamics in the first 2 years after August fire and to estimate the rate of tree colonisation by stem insects in Central Polissya. Scots pine health condition for the first 2 years after summer ground fire in August 2016 and the rate of tree colonisation by stem insects was studied in Zhytomyr region, Western Ukraine. Stem scorch height was measured for every fire-dam

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24

Kalinowska, E., E. Paduch-Cichal, and M. Chodorska. "First Report of Blueberry scorch virus in Elderberry in Poland." Plant Disease 97, no. 11 (2013): 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-13-0277-pdn.

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Blueberry scorch virus (BlScV) is a member of the genus Carlavirus and one of the most widespread pathogens of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). The virus was first reported in the United States and has been reported in several countries in Europe, including Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, and Poland. Symptoms of scorch disease in highbush blueberry include necrosis of flower blossoms and leaves, shoot blight, and chlorosis. Sometimes BlScV infection is symptomless or limited to single blossoms and shoots, but all highbush blueberry cultivars are susceptible to virus infection. Cr

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25

Weiland, J. J., R. L. Larson, T. P. Freeman, and M. C. Edwards. "First Report of Beet black scorch virus in the United States." Plant Disease 90, no. 6 (2006): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0828b.

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In October of 2005, sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) plants exhibiting symptoms of rhizomania caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) (3) were observed in a production field near Greeley, CO. The roots of seven plants exhibiting moderate to severe symptoms characteristic of this disease were tested using double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with anti-BNYVV antiserum from rabbits. Of these, only two roots exhibiting the mildest symptoms tested positive for BNYVV (all roots tested negative for the presence of the related Beet soilborne mosaic virus (BSBMV). ‘Hairy’ l

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26

Jin, Hua, and Fuquan Deng. "Facile Preparation of Lightweight Natural Rubber Nanocomposite Foams with High Wear Resistance." Polymers 16, no. 9 (2024): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091226.

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The light weight and excellent mechanical properties of rubber foam means that it is widely applied in the aerospace, automobile, and military industries. However, its poor wear resistance contributes directly to a short service life and a waste of resources. Therefore, the design and development of high-wear-resistance rubber foam are of great importance. In this work, some nanoclay/rubber composite foams were prepared by blending NR/EPDM with different kinds of nanoclays containing layered double hydroxide (LDH), montmorillonite (MMT), and attapulgite (ATP) to indicate the effects of the kin

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27

Kaczmarski, Krzysztof, Kinga Pławecka, Barbara Kozub, Patrycja Bazan, and Michał Łach. "Preliminary Investigation of Geopolymer Foams as Coating Materials." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (2022): 11205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111205.

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Various types of coatings are applied to the surface of an object or substrate to improve surface properties or extend service life, which in turn is associated with cost reductions. The main objective of this study was to develop a technique for the additive application of foamed geopolymers to existing structures and vertical surfaces. The base material was a fly ash-based geopolymer modified with sand. Hydrogen peroxide and aluminum powder were used as foaming agents. In this study, the feasibility of using an air gun with variable nozzles to apply the layers of foamed geopolymers was asses

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28

Concas, Francesca, Stefan Diebels, and Anne Jung. "MULTIAXIAL INVESTIGATION OF PVC FOAMS AND ANALYSIS OF THE DEFORMATION MECHANISM BY 3D-DIC." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 25 (December 6, 2019): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2019.25.0006.

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Closed-cell polyvinylchloride (PVC) foams are widely used as core for sandwich composites for applications, in which multiaxial loads are involved. In the present work a wide range of uniaxial (tension, compression and torsion) and multiaxial experiments (both simultaneous tension-torsion and compression-torsion) were conducted on a high performance PVC foam. Failure data for each experiment were collected and depicted in the invariants plane. The whole cylindrical surface of the specimen was monitored by means of an 8-camera-system, strain fields were obtained by 3D-DIC. Hence, the occurrence

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29

Lange, F. T., M. Wenz, C. K. Schmidt, and H. J. Brauch. "Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl sulfonates and carboxylates in German drinking water sources compared to other countries." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 11 (2007): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.803.

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Different homologues of C4 to C8 perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFASs) were detected in German surface waters, bank filtrates, artificially recharged groundwaters, and drinking waters. If no point sources are located nearby, the typically measured levels are in the low ng/L range. In the presence of point sources, such as a fluorochemical production site, a leaching agricultural fertilizer contaminated with PFCAs and PFASs, or drained PFC containing fire-fighting foams, much higher concentrations in the μg/L range occur. This situation is similar in Germany

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30

Johnson, Phillip, Mauro Vaccaro, Victor Starov, and Anna Trybala. "Foam Formation and Interaction with Porous Media." Coatings 10, no. 2 (2020): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10020143.

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Foams are a common occurrence in many industries and many of these applications require the foam to interact with porous materials. For the first time interaction of foams with porous media has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically by O. Arjmandi-Tash et al. It was found that there are three different regimes of the drainage process for foams in contact with porous media: rapid, intermediate and slow imbibition. Foam formation using soft porous media has only been investigated recently, the foam was made using a compression device with soft porous media containing surfactant

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31

Harris, Jordan L., Patrick L. Di Bello, Monica Lear, and Yilmaz Balci. "Bacterial Leaf Scorch in the District of Columbia: Distribution, Host Range, and Presence of Xylella fastidiosa Among Urban Trees." Plant Disease 98, no. 12 (2014): 1611–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-14-0158-sr.

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A survey of urban trees affected by bacterial leaf scorch (BLS) caused by Xylella fastidiosa was conducted in the District of Columbia during 2011 and 2012. Over 20 species of urban trees were evaluated at 95 sites. Symptomatic and asymptomatic foliage from trees with BLS symptoms and foliage from neighboring asymptomatic trees were sampled. An X. fastidiosa-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a polymerase chain reaction assay were used to detect and identify the strains from environmental samples. Symptomatic trees testing ELISA-positive for X. fastidiosa occurred most freq

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32

Wiyarno, Y., S. Widyastuti, W. Gunawan, Pungut, and R. Ratnawati. "Isolation and identification of microplastic on the cockleshell of blood clam (Anadara Granosa Linn)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1311, no. 1 (2024): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1311/1/012016.

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Abstract This study aims to figure out the occurrence of microplastics in cockleshells of Anadara granosa Liin from the five beaches. The dried cockleshells were immersed in NaCl for the partition step in view of the particular gravity of the microplastic and categorized according to shape under a stereo microscope. In all samples, were consistently found microplastics. The beach that has the largest abundance of microplastics is the Kenjeran Beach Surabaya in East Java Province. The shape of the abundance of microplastics found in this research were fragments, film, foams, crystals, granules,

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33

Soykan, Ugur, Mustafa Khaleel, Sedat Cetin, Ugur Yahsi, and Cumali Tav. "Investigation of the relation between free volume and physico-mechanical performance in rigid polyurethane foam containing turkey feather fibers: Part 2." Journal of Cellular Plastics 58, no. 6 (2022): 893–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x221144541.

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Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were modified with 0–15 wt.% turkey feather fibers (TFFs) produced from waste turkey feathers. One-shut free rising method was used for the production of TFFs-filled-RPUFs in a closed mold. The dependence of mechanical performance and water vapor permeability (WVP) feature of the final foams on TFFs loading was evaluated with free volume change. The free volume analysis was performed via Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS), while the mechanical and WVP characteristics were determined with the use of the universal tester machines. PALS findings sh

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34

Kaur, Gurpreet, and Rahul Dandautiya. "Microplastics in Synthetic Textile Industries: Origin, Occurrence, Routes and Their Fates on Environment and Human." E3S Web of Conferences 509 (2024): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450901010.

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This article highlights the possible origin, occurrence, and environmental pathways of microplastics (MPs) in the synthetic textile sector. It focused on comprehensive knowledge of the MP in industry, emphasizing the importance of an integrated approach to addressing its extensive consequences. The emission of MPs during the production of textiles including spinning, weaving, dyeing, printing, or finishing. It found that many small fragments, microfibres, sequins, buttons, foams, and other packaging materials made up of plastics such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyacr

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35

Cao, Xingpei, Li Wang, Ying Zhang, et al. "Occurrence of organic pollutants in plastics on beach: Stranded foams can be sources of pollutants in islands." Science of The Total Environment 707 (March 2020): 136119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136119.

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36

Lin, H., C. lu, H. Y. Wang, and L. H. Dai. "Non-trivial avalanches triggered by shear banding in compression of metallic glass foams." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 476, no. 2240 (2020): 20200186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0186.

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Ductile metallic glass foams (DMGFs) are a new type of structural material with a perfect combination of high strength and toughness. Owing to their disordered atomic-scale microstructures and randomly distributed macroscopic voids, the compressive deformation of DMGFs proceeds through multiple nanoscale shear bands accompanied by local fracture of cellular structures, which induces avalanche-like intermittences in stress–strain curves. In this paper, we present a statistical analysis, including distributions of avalanche size, energy dissipation, waiting times and aftershock sequence, on such

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37

Gutsell, S. L., and E. A. Johnson. "How fire scars are formed: coupling a disturbance process to its ecological effect." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 2 (1996): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-020.

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Using results from the field and laboratory, we give a detailed explanation of an important and commonly observed ecological phenomenon, fire scarring of trees. Four key observations associated with the formation of fires scars are explained using fluid dynamics and heat transfer processes. When a fire passes by a tree, its height increases on the tree's leeward side because of the occurrence of two leeward vortices. The flame height increases in the vortices because the turbulent mixing of fuel and air is suppressed. The flow of gaseous fuel in the vortices becomes greater than the rate of mi

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38

Benedoue, Serge, Mattia Benedet, Alberto Gasparotto, et al. "Insights into the Photoelectrocatalytic Behavior of gCN-Based Anode Materials Supported on Ni Foams." Nanomaterials 13, no. 6 (2023): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13061035.

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Graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) is a promising n-type semiconductor widely investigated for photo-assisted water splitting, but less studied for the (photo)electrochemical degradation of aqueous organic pollutants. In these fields, attractive perspectives for advancements are offered by a proper engineering of the material properties, e.g., by depositing gCN onto conductive and porous scaffolds, tailoring its nanoscale morphology, and functionalizing it with suitable cocatalysts. The present study reports on a simple and easily controllable synthesis of gCN flakes on Ni foam substrates by elect

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Setiadewi, N., C. Henny, D. Rohaningsih, A. Waluyo, and P. Soewondo. "Microplastic occurrence and characteristics in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Jakarta." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1201, no. 1 (2023): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1201/1/012053.

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Abstract Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) can act as both a barrier but also as an entrance route for microplastics (MPs) into aquatic environment. This study investigated the first occurrence and characteristics of MPs in Setiabudi Jakarta WWTP. Sampling technique, extraction methods, and quantification as well as characterization of MPs was carried out based on some related previous studies. The results showed that MPs concentration detected in the influent was 17.1 (± 5.65) items/L, and it was reduced to 1.41 (± 0.01) items/L in the effluent, indicating that approximately 91.29% of MPs i

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Rodriguez-Jorquera, Ignacio A., and Gurpal S. Toor. "Contaminants in the Urban Environment: Perfluoroalkyl Substances." EDIS 2015, no. 3 (2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-ss631-2015.

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Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) or perfluorochemicals (PFCs) are the most widespread and persistent manmade chemicals on earth. Common products that contain PFASs are Teflon pans, non-stick cookware, rain/waterproof jackets (like Gore-Tex), fire-fighting foams, food packaging, carpets, and furniture fabrics. PFASs stay in the environment for a long period of time, which means they can accumulate in organisms to levels that cause harmful effects. This 6-page fact sheet discusses the occurrence, use, exposure, and potential harmful effects of PFASs to humans and the environment, and suggests w

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Webb, Jo-Anne, and Ambreen Chohan. "Impact of a new clinical mattress solution on interface pressure and comfort during supine lying." Journal of Wound Care 32, no. 8 (2023): 513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2023.32.8.513.

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Objective: Effective pressure management for individuals is critical for hospital and community-based care, to prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers. This study explores the impact of a new mattress and topper solution on interface pressure and comfort during supine lying. Method: In this quantitative, healthy cohort study, patient–surface interface pressures were calculated for three mattresses (a standard hospital mattress, a new mattress solution (Levitex Foams Ltd., UK) and a dynamic air flow mattress) with and without an innovative topper solution (Levitex Foams Ltd., UK). Subjective

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Ormaniec, Paulina. "Occurrence and Characteristics of Microplastics in Leachate at a Large Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 32, no. 4 (2022): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2022-0047.

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Abstract Due to the widespread occurrence and the potential threat to the environment, plastic materials are currently a growing problem of environmental protection in the world. Plastics whit dimensions not exceeding 5 mm are called microplastics. One of the main sources of microplastics in the aquatic environment are municipal wastewater treatment plants. The paper presents the results of research on the presence of microplastics in leachate from sludge processing at a large municipal wastewater treatment plant. The leachate was divided into the leachate produced in the processes of sludge t

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Е. Ю., Боброва,, Попов, И. И., Жуков, А. Д., and Ганжунцев, М. И. "Fatigue Strength of Foamed Polymers." НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА И АРХИТЕКТУРЫ, no. 4(68) (December 21, 2022): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2022.68.4.006.

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Постановка задачи. Долговечность строительных конструкций во многом зависит от способности теплоизоляционных изделий, в том числе на основе вспененных пластмасс, длительное время противостоять действию знакопеременных нагрузок. Деформации ползучести могут формироваться в пенопластах в результате длительных вибраций, что приводит к нарушению целостности изоляционной оболочки и оказывает влияние на надежность ограждающих конструкций. Разработка и реализация методики оценки усталостной прочности вспененных полимеров является актуальной задачей. Целью исследования является апробация разработанной

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Djerbi, M. "Diseases of the Date Palm: Present Status and Future Prospects." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 3, no. 1 (1998): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol3iss1pp103-114.

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While date palm is affected by many diseases, bayoud remains the most serious one. It is caused by a soil born pathogen, Fusarium oxyspurum f .sp. albedinis. It has affected practically all Moroccan palm groves as well as those of western and central Algerian sahara, where it has respectively killed more than 12 million in Morocco and three million in Algeria and has accelerated the desertification phenomenon. External and internal symptoms as well as identification methods of F.o. f. sp. albedinis by pathogenicity test, cultural characteristics, and vegetative compatibility were reviewed and

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Rodinger, Tomislav, Danko Ćorić, and Jaroslav Kováčik. "The Effect of Foaming Agents on the Thermal Behavior of Aluminum Precursors." Materials 17, no. 3 (2024): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17030710.

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Various foaming agents can be used to achieve foaming of the precursors obtained by using the powder metallurgy method. However, the thermal behavior of pure aluminum precursors with different foaming agents has been studied very little in recent times. For the production of aluminum foams with closed cells, 1 wt.% of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), titanium hydride (TiH2), heat-treated TiH2 and zirconium hydride (ZrH2) were used. The foaming capability of the compacted precursors was investigated at temperatures 700, 720 and 750 °C. CaCO3 and TiH2 showed the best foamability at all considered temp

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Cao, Lifeng, Wenxin Xu, Ziren Wan, Guanghe Li, and Fang Zhang. "Occurrence of PFASs and its effect on soil bacteria at a fire-training area using PFOS-restricted aqueous film-forming foams." iScience 25, no. 4 (2022): 104084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104084.

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Henny, C., D. Rohaningsih, T. Suryono, A. B. Santoso, and A. Waluyo. "Microplastic pollution in the surface water of Lake Singkarak, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1118, no. 1 (2022): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1118/1/012050.

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Abstract Microplastic pollution is already at an “alarming” level in Indonesia’s marine and freshwater ecosystems. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has reported the microplastic occurrence in the lake ecosystem in Indonesia. Lake Singkarak, a big tectonic lake, has been considered one of the priority lakes to be restored. The lake receives a high influx of plastic waste from rivers and catchment runoff. Controlling the outflow through the hydropower dam and the sluice in the main lake outlet may prevent the microplastic’s outflux. The study’s objective was to determine the micro

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Luque-Fernández, César Raúl, Ibai Alcelay, Luis Villegas Paredes, and Edwin Bocardo-Delgado. "First approach to microplastics occurrence in sandy beaches in the province of Islay (Arequipa), southern Peru." Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental 39 (July 31, 2023): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20937/rica.54664.

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Plastic pollution in marine and coastal environments has been widely recognized as a growing environmental concern. Plastic particles generated mainly by the degradation of larger plastic debris have been called microplastics (< 5 mm), which are being widely studied in all regions of the world. In South America there has been a constant increase of the research on this topic mainly on the Pacific coast. Specifically, in Peru, the number of publications has also increased, but the northern and southern zones are not well studied. Due to the importance of determining the presence of these con

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MAJAK, W., R. E. HOWARTH, and P. NARASIMHALU. "CHLOROPHYLL AND PROTEIN LEVELS IN BOVINE RUMEN FLUID IN RELATION TO ALFALFA PASTURE BLOAT." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 65, no. 1 (1985): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas85-015.

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Rumen-fistulated cattle were fed fresh alfalfa herbage daily during three growing seasons. Two hours after feeding the incidence of bloat and of ruminal frothiness was recorded and samples of feed and rumen fluid were collected for analyses of chlorophyll and soluble protein. These constituents were examined in relation to the bloat-causing potential of the alfalfa and in relation to the occurrence of froth in rumen contents. Chlorophyll in rumen fluid was higher on days when the alfalfa caused bloat, compared to days when bloat did not occur (P < 0.01). Chlorophyll was also higher in froth

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Han, Yingyi, and Xueli Cao. "Research Progress of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Edible Oil—A Review." Foods 12, no. 13 (2023): 2624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12132624.

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Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been widely used in different types of consumer and industrial applications such as surfactants, household cleaning products, textiles, carpets, cosmetics, firefighting foams, and food packaging because of their good stability and special physicochemical properties of hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, high temperature resistance, etc. Meanwhile, PFASs are considered an emerging organic pollutant due to their persistence and potential toxicity to human health. PFASs occur in edible oil, an important component of the global diet, mainly in three ways: raw mate

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