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Academic literature on the topic 'Scoring de crédit'
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Journal articles on the topic "Scoring de crédit"
Lazarus, Jeanne. "Prévoir la défaillance de crédit : l'ambition du scoring." Raisons politiques 48, no. 4 (2012): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rai.048.0103.
Full textBernal Domínguez, Deyanira, and Verónica Cristina Mendoza García. "La aplicación del modelo credit scoring para evaluar el riesgo de crédito en la empresa comercial “Mueblerías Imperial”." Recherches en Sciences de Gestion N° 156, no. 3 (July 27, 2023): 123–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/resg.156.0123.
Full textOmar, Rezazi. "La Gestion des Risques du Crédit par la Méthode Scoring." مجلة الاقتصاد و التنمية البشرية, no. 15 (December 2016): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0042727.
Full textHurlin, Christophe, and Christophe Pérignon. "Machine learning et nouvelles sources de données pour le scoring de crédit." Revue d'économie financière N°135, no. 3 (2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ecofi.135.0021.
Full textKapitene, Marcel Héritier. "Crise de la microfinance et scoring de crédit : application d’un modèle Logit des PME dans le système de microcrédit du Nord-Kivu." Revue Congolaise de Gestion Numéro27, no. 1 (2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rcg.027.0159.
Full textSantos, José Odálio dos, and Rubens Famá. "Avaliação da aplicabilidade de um modelo de credit scoring com varíaveis sistêmicas e não-sistêmicas em carteiras de crédito bancário rotativo de pessoas físicas." Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 18, no. 44 (August 2007): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-70772007000200009.
Full textMartínez Sánchez, José Francisco, and María Teresa Martínez Palacios. "FACTIBILIDAD TÉCNICA Y FINANCIERA DE UN MODELO DE CREDIT SCORING PARA LAS ENTIDADES DE AHORRO Y CRÉDITO POPULAR." PANORAMA ECONÓMICO 10, no. 20 (February 20, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29201/pe-ipn.v10i20.38.
Full textCalderón Romero, Lizardo. "El modelo credit scoring como alternativa de evaluación crediticia en Agrobanco." Quipukamayoc 25, no. 49 (February 12, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/quipu.v25i49.14285.
Full textBanda Ortiz, Humberto, and Rodolfo Garza Morales. "Aplicación teórica del método Holt-Winters al problema de Credit Scoring." Mercados y Negocios, no. 30 (July 7, 2014): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/myn.v0i30.5269.
Full textSeijas Giménez, Maria Nela, Milagros Vivel Búa, Rubén Lado Sestayo, and Sara Fernández López. "Financiación con microcréditos en micro y pequeñas empresas uruguayas." REICE: Revista Electrónica de Investigación en Ciencias Económicas 5, no. 10 (January 10, 2018): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/reice.v5i10.5524.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Scoring de crédit"
Nguyen, Ha Thu. "Credit Scoring et ses applications dans la gestion du risque du crédit." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100057.
Full textWhile credit scoring has been broadly used for more than fifty years and continued to be a great support on decision-making in countless businesses around the world, the amount of literature, especially empirical studies, available on this subject is still limited. Our aim in this thesis is to fill this gap by providing a profound analysis on credit scoring and credit decision processes, with various applications using real and extensive sets of data coming from different countries. The thesis is organized in three chapters. Chapter 1 starts by presenting the credit scoring development process, and provides an application to real data from a France-based retail bank. Aiming at providing new insights regarding emerging countries, Chapter 2 analyzes the Chinese consumer lending market and investigates the use of credit scoring in such a promising market. Chapter 3 goes further than the previous methodological literature and focuses on reject inference techniques which can be a way to address the bias when developing a credit-scoring model based solely on accepted applicants. These chapters provide a round tour on credit scoring, after which major issues in credit scoring are treated
Guizani, Asma. "Traitement des dossiers refusés dans le processus d'octroi de crédit aux particuliers." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CNAM0941/document.
Full textCredit scoring is generally considered as a method of evaluation of a risk associated with a potential loan applicant. This method involves the use of different statistical techniques to determine a scoring model. Like any statistical model, scoring model is based on historical data to help predict the creditworthiness of applicants. Financial institutions use this model to assign each applicant to the appropriate category : Good payer or Bad payer. The only data used to build the scoring model are related to the accepted applicants in which the predicted variable is known. The method has the drawback of not estimating the probability of default for refused applicants which means that the results are biased when the model is build on only the accepted data set. We try, in this work using the reject inference, to solve the problem of selection bias, by reintegrate reject applicants in the process of granting credit. We use and compare different methods of reject inference, classical methods and semi supervised methods, we adapt some of them to our problem and show, on a real dataset, using ROC curves, that the semi-supervised methods give good results and are better than classical methods. We confirmed our results by simulation
Kouassi, Komlan Prosper. "Adaptation des techniques actuelles de scoring aux besoins d'une institution de crédit : le CFCAL-Banque." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAB004.
Full textFinancial institutions face in their functions a variety of risks such as credit, market and operational risk. These risks are not only related to the nature of the activities they perform, but also depend on predictable external factors. The instability of these factors makes them vulnerable to financial risks that they must appropriately identify, analyze, quantify and manage. Among these risks, credit risk is the most prominent due to its ability to generate a systemic crisis. The probability for an individual to switch from a risked to a riskless state is thus a central point to many economic issues. In credit institution, this problem is reflected in the probability for a borrower to switch from a state of “good risk” to a state of “bad risk”. For this quantification, banks increasingly rely on credit-scoring models. This thesis focuses on the current credit-scoring techniques tailored to the needs of a credit institution: the CFCAL-banque specialized in mortgage credits. We particularly present two nonparametric models (SVM and GAM) and compare their performance in terms of classification to those of logit model traditionally used in banks. Our results show that SVM are more effective if we only focus on the global prediction performance of the models. However, SVM models give lower sensitivities than logit and GAM models. In other words the predictions of SVM models on defaulted borrowers are not satisfactory as those of logit or GAM models. In the present state of our research, even GAM models have lower global prediction capabilities, we recommend these models that give more balanced sensitivities, specificities and performance prediction. This thesis is not completely exhaustive about the scoring techniques for credit risk management. By trying to highlight targeted credit scoring models, adapt and apply them on real mortgage data, and compare their performance through classification, this thesis provides an empirical and methodological contribution to research on scoring models for credit risk management
Vital, Clément. "Scoring pour le risque de crédit : variable réponse polytomique, sélection de variables, réduction de la dimension, applications." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S111.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to explore the subject of scoring in the banking world, and more precisely to study how to control credit risk. The diversification and globalization of the banking business in the second half of the twentieth century led to introduce regulations, which require banks to make reserves to cover the risk they take. These regulations also dictate that they should model different risk indicators, among which the probability of default. This indicator represents the probability for a client to find himself in the incapacity to pay back his debt. In order to predict this probability, one should define a risk criterion, that allows to distinguish the "bad clients" from the "good clients". In a more formal statistical approach, that means we want to model a binary variable by an ensemble of explanatory variables. This problem is usually treated as a scoring problem. It consists in the definition of functions, called scoring functions, which interpret the information contained in the explanatory variables and transform it into a real-value score note. The goal of such a function is to induce the same order on the observations than the a posteriori probability, so that the observations that have a high probability to be "good" have a high score, and those that have a high probability to be "bad" (and thus a high risk for the bank) have a low score. Performance criteria such as the ROC curve and the AUC allow us to quantify the quality of the order given by the scoring function. The reference method to obtain such scoring functions is the logistic regression, which we present here. A major subject in credit scoring is the variable selection. The banks have access to large databases, which gather information on the profile of their clients and their past behavior. However, those variables may not all be discriminating regarding the risk criterion. In order to select the variables, we proposed to use the Lasso method, based on the restriction of the coefficients of the model, so that the less significative coefficients will be fixed to zero. We applied the Lasso method on linear regression and logistic regression. We also considered an extension of the Lasso method called Group Lasso on logistic regression, which allows us to select groups of variables rather than individual variables. Then, we considered the case in which the response variable is not binary, but polytomous, that is to say with more than two response levels. The first step in this new context was to extend the scoring problem as we knew in the binary case to the polytomous case. We then presented some models adapted to this case: an extension of the binary logistic regression, semi-parametric methods, and an application of the Lasso method on the polytomous logistic regression. Finally, the last chapter deals with some application studies, in which the methods presented in this manuscript are applied to real data from the bank, to see how they meet the needs of the real world
Ehrhardt, Adrien. "Formalisation et étude de problématiques de scoring en risque de crédit : inférence de rejet, discrétisation de variables et interactions, arbres de régression logistique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I051/document.
Full textThis manuscript deals with model-based statistical learning in the binary classification setting. As an application, credit scoring is widely examined with a special attention on its specificities. Proposed and existing approaches are illustrated on real data from Crédit Agricole Consumer Finance, a financial institute specialized in consumer loans which financed this PhD through a CIFRE funding. First, we consider the so-called reject inference problem, which aims at taking advantage of the information collected on rejected credit applicants for which no repayment performance can be observed (i.e. unlabelled observations). This industrial problem led to a research one by reinterpreting unlabelled observations as an information loss that can be compensated by modelling missing data. This interpretation sheds light on existing reject inference methods and allows to conclude that none of them should be recommended since they lack proper modelling assumptions that make them suitable for classical statistical model selection tools. Next, yet another industrial problem, corresponding to the discretization of continuous features or grouping of levels of categorical features before any modelling step, was tackled. This is motivated by practical (interpretability) and theoretical reasons (predictive power). To perform these quantizations, ad hoc heuristics are often used, which are empirical and time-consuming for practitioners. They are seen here as a latent variable problem, setting us back to a model selection problem. The high combinatorics of this model space necessitated a new cost-effective and automatic exploration strategy which involves either a particular neural network architecture or Stochastic-EM algorithm and gives precise statistical guarantees. Third, as an extension to the preceding problem, interactions of covariates may be introduced in the problem in order to improve the predictive performance. This task, up to now again manually processed by practitioners and highly combinatorial, presents an accrued risk of misselecting a “good” model. It is performed here with a Metropolis Hastings sampling procedure which finds the best interactions in an automatic fashion while ensuring its standard convergence properties, thus good predictive performance is guaranteed. Finally, contrary to the preceding problems which tackled a particular scorecard, we look at the scoring system as a whole. It generally consists of a tree-like structure composed of many scorecards (each relative to a particular population segment), which is often not optimized but rather imposed by the company’s culture and / or history. Again, ad hoc industrial procedures are used, which lead to suboptimal performance. We propose some lines of approach to optimize this logistic regression tree which result in good empirical performance and new research directions illustrating the predictive strength and interpretability of a mix of parametric and non-parametric models. This manuscript is concluded by a discussion on potential scientific obstacles, among which the high dimensionality (in the number of features). The financial industry is indeed investing massively in unstructured data storage, which remains to this day largely unused for Credit Scoring applications. Doing so will need statistical guarantees to achieve the additional predictive performance that was hoped for
Saurin, Sébastien. "Advanced credit risk analytics : Fairness, interpretability, homogeneity." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1092.
Full textThis thesis proposes innovative solutions to address the challenges posed by the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in credit scoring. AI is revolutionizing the world at an unprecedented pace, redefining entire industries and exerting a profound influence on employees, managers, customers, suppliers, and regulators. In finance, and particularly in the credit market, ML models directly influence crucial decisions such as credit granting and the determination of regulatory capital. Although ML algorithms exhibit better predictive performance than traditional models, their use raises significant concerns regarding fairness, transparency, and regulatory compliance. To address the challenges posed by these rapidly expanding technologies, this thesis is structured around three main dimensions that tackle issues of fairness, interpretability, and homogeneity in credit scoring models. The first chapter introduces a theoretical framework to test for the fairness of credit scoring models, identify the variables that generate the lack of fairness, if any, and mitigate it, all while maintaining the model’s predictive performance. The second chapter proposes an innovative methodology called XPER, which decomposes model performance into specific contributions from each variable, thereby enhancing the interpretability of credit scoring models. Finally, the third chapter introduces the Risk Homogeneity Coefficient (RHC), a tool that quantifies the degree of homogeneity within risk grades, or risk classes, in the Internal Ratings-Based approach for credit risk, as required by the Basel accords. These approaches, while technical, are also very practical and provide innovative tools enabling financial institutions and their regulators to validate credit scoring models while considering issues of fairness, interpretability, and homogeneity
Pérez, Rojas Alexis Rodrigo. "Diseño de metodología para el seguimiento de modelos de riesgo crediticio." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144507.
Full textEl siguiente trabajo busca establecer una metodología de seguimiento, aplicable a los modelos de riesgo crediticio de Banco Estado Microempresas (BEME), basados en regresiones logísticas, esto con el fin de levantar alertas sobre variables importantes de los modelos que están influyendo en la pérdida de poder predictivo en el tiempo. Por otro lado, se busca establecer una medida de riesgo de las pérdidas potenciales para los modelos, basadas en la conocida medida Value at Risk (VaR), con el fin de poder comparar los modelos sin recalibrar con los modelos hipotéticos de una recalibración dinámica de los mismos, capturando de forma objetiva, cambios estructurales. Para estudiar el problema de seguimiento, se busca generar una metodología que pueda ser replicable para mantener un seguimiento periódico. Para esto, se desarrolló una metodología capaz de generar de forma automática bases analíticas basada en los filtros conocidos que BEME utilizó para la creación del modelo Ambiental, el que tiene como función otorgar un puntaje a personas naturales para la pre-aprobación de un crédito. Luego, se realizó diferentes test estadísticos, en los cuales se establece un intervalo en el cual el estadístico puede oscilar, considerando que si sale de los límites establecidos, se está en presencia de cambios en las variables. Entre las pruebas utilizadas están: Beta-1, Beta-1 modificado y Fieller, los cuales mediante re-calibraciones temporales son capaces de determinar si las variables de los modelos siguen siendo de igual forma significativas. Como resultado de las pruebas, se obtuvo que para este modelo en particular la forma de calcular el criterio de bondad, que determina si se espera que será un bueno o mal cliente, representa una limitante, ya que solo es posible realizar un seguimiento a clientes con al menos un año de historial. Por otro lado para aprovechar esto se consideraron ventanas móviles de un año de la base analítica, como entrada de dato, con el fin de realizar pruebas de seguimiento más robustas y se comparó con ventanas de menor tamaño de nueve, seis y tres meses, donde se cumplió la hipótesis inicial que los test muestran mayor inestabilidad al considerar bases más pequeñas. Por último, las medidas de riesgo utilizadas mostraron resultados positivos, ya que el riesgo disminuye al re-estimar los parámetros del modelo ambiental, teniendo una incidencia de disminuir la peor perdida en un 5% del capital expuesto por el banco mensualmente en el segmento evaluado por el modelo.
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Fernandes, António Francisco de Melo. "Credit scoring : uma análise econométrica." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14342.
Full textCom intenção de melhorar os serviços de análise e gestão de crédito, as instituições financeiras desenvolveram o modelo credit scoring. Este modelo é utilizado por estas instituições para previsão do risco de crédito no processo da tomada de decisão de concessão de crédito. O objetivo deste trabalho, é desenvolver um modelo de credit scoring a partir de uma amostra de 1000 solicitantes de créditos extraídos da carteira de crédito de um banco alemão. Para tal, estimou-se um modelo probit, considerando-se 25 variáveis independentes quantitativas e qualitativas que influenciam a probabilidade do crédito ser aprovado ou não. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que o modelo de credit scoring se apresenta adequado no ajustamento aos dados, obtendo uma classificação correta para cerca de 77% dos clientes. Contudo, os resultados encontrados fornecem informações importantes para auxílio no processo de tomada de decisões de concessão de crédito e gerenciamento do crédito bancário, podendo assim contribuir para a redução do número de clientes inadimplentes e dos respetivos custos.
In order to improve credit analysis and management services, financial institutions have developed the credit scoring model. This model is used by these institutions to predict credit risk in the process of making a credit granting decision. The objective of this work is to develop a credit scoring model from a sample of 1000 credit claimants extracted from the credit portfolio of a German bank. For this, a probit model was estimated, considering 25 independent quantitative and qualitative variables that influence the probability of credit being approved or not. The results of this study show that the credit scoring model is adequate in the adjustment to the data, obtaining a correct classification for about 77% of the clients. However, the results found provide important information to aid in the decision-making process of credit granting and bank credit management, thus contributing to the reduction of overdue customers and their costs.
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Pereira, Gustavo Henrique de Araujo. ""Modelos de risco de crédito de clientes: Uma aplicação a dados reais"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45133/tde-28122004-224257/.
Full textCustomer scoring models are used to measure the credit risk of financial institution´s customers. In this work, we present three strategies that can be used to develop these models. We discuss the advantages of each of the strategies, as well as the models and statistical theory related with them. We fit models for each of these strategies using real data of a financial institution. We compare the strategies´s performance through some measures that are usually used to validate credit risk models. We still develop a simulation to study the strategies under controlled conditions.
Lima, Francisco Adauto Pereira de. "Práticas em gestão de sistemas de credit scoring e portfólio de crédito em instituições financeiras brasileiras." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8173.
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Vários estudos foram realizados pela academia brasileira sobre desenvolvimento e aplicabilidade de modelos estatísticos de credit scoring e portfólio de crédito. Porém, faltam estudos relacionados sobre como estes modelos são empregados pelas empresas brasileiras. Esta dissertação apresenta uma pesquisa, até então inédita, sobre como as instituições financeiras brasileiras administram seus sistemas de credit scoring e suas carteiras de crédito. Foram coletados dados, por meio de um questionário, dos principais bancos e financeiras do mercado brasileiro. Para a análise dos resultados, as repostas foram divididas em dois grupos: bancos e financeiras. Os resultados mostraram empregos de métodos diferentes entre os grupos devido a suas características operacionais.