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Journal articles on the topic "Scoring Key"
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Trattler, William, and Perry S. Binder. "Scoring System Minimizes Key Variables." Ophthalmology 116, no. 5 (2009): 1014–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.01.050.
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Tauber, Robert T. "Quick-Key: The Latest Step in Hand-Scoring Exams." Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas 59, no. 6 (1986): 249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00098655.1986.9955657.
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Sukboonyasatit, Kritsana, Chaiwit Thanapaisarn, and Lampang Manmar. "Key Performance Indicators Of Public Universities Based On Quality Assessment Criteria In Thailand." Contemporary Issues in Education Research (CIER) 4, no. 9 (2011): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/cier.v4i9.5695.
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The research objective was to develop public universities key performance indicators. Qualitative research and interviews were employed with each public universitys senior executive and quality assessors. The sample group was selected by the office of the public sector development commission and Thailands public universities can be separated into three groups based on their quality assessment score: 1) the high scoring group, 2) the moderate scoring group, and 3) the low scoring group. The results showed that the high scoring group had set a clear strategic context such as vision, mission, core values and corporate goals. In the case of the moderate scoring group it was found that some sections of the strategic context, such as the vision and mission, had already been defined, but corporate goals were yet to be determined. The strategic context was not clear and remained inactive for the low scoring group. In additional, each public university should establish two different sets of key performance indicators; first, a common key performance indicator which is aligned with the public university mission to enhance macro education, and which can be separated by five assessment perspectives as follows: 1) to produce graduates, 2) to promote and expand the universitys research, 3) to provide academic services, 4) to preserve and promote the arts, culture and heritage, and 5) to manage the university. The second specific key performance indicator should be aligned with the universitys strategic context, especially its vision and goals.
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김혜지 and Sung-Hee Lee. "Key Pose-Based Ballet Scoring Using Benesh Movement Notation System." Official Journal of the Koeran Society of Dance Science 33, no. 4 (2016): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21539/ksds.2016.33.4.125.
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Kim, EuiSoo, YoungSeok Han, and MyoungSo Kim. "Comparison of validities for scoring keys and scoring algorithms in situational judgment test." Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 24, no. 1 (2011): 231–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v24i1.231-255.
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the fakability of the situational judgment test. Specifically, the study was focused on the following questions; (1) whether participants are able to fake their answers on the situational judgment test in the real situation of selection, (2) whether faking influences the criterion-related validity of the situational judgment test and its incremental validity over cognitive and personality tests, and (3) whether the combination of different scoring key(SME consensus, average in response, and empirical keying) and different scoring algorithm(scenario, Best-Worst, and Pick most) has influence on the degree of fakability as well as both criterion-related validity and incremental validity of the situational judgment test. 110 students who applied to the leadership program were considered the faking group, while 129 students of B department at A university were considered the honest group. The members of both groups completed a cognitive test, a personality questionnaire and a situational judgment test. Only for the situational judgment tests, each group was asked to respond as instructed. Another group of 78 students of A university participated in the survey to develop two scoring key(empirical, average in response keying). SME consensus key was developed by 9 SMEs(5 undergraduate students with leadership and good GPA, 4 graduate students). And then 9 situational judgment scores were produced independently. Results indicated that the all scores of students in the faking group were significantly higher than those of students in the honest group. Furthermore, criterion-related validity of the situational judgement test in the honest group was higher than that of the faking group for both task performance and contextual performance. While faking had negative effects on the criterion-related validity for both criteria of performance, incremental validity of the situational judgement test in the honest group was higher than that of the faking group only for the contextual criteria. Finally, the limitation and future direction of the present study were discussed.
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Phillips, Nicole Margaret, Maryann Street, Bridie Kent, Emily Haesler, and Mary Cadeddu. "Post-anaesthetic discharge scoring criteria: key findings from a systematic review." International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare 11, no. 4 (2013): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-1609.12044.
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Revets, Stefan A. "A key to the unilocular hyaline Foraminifera." Journal of Micropalaeontology 24, no. 2 (2005): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.24.2.145.
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Abstract. The paper is an attempt to apply best taxonomic practice to a well delimited group of Foraminifera: the lagenids. Analysis results in the recognition of 20 characters, which are defined and described through an explicitly defined, consistent terminology. The database resulting from the scoring of characters of all the lagenid genera allows the construction of a set of identification keys and the production of a set of uniform, consistent diagnoses.
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Sivam, Ashwin, Teresa Dieguez, Luís Pinto Ferreira, and F. J. G. Silva. "Key settings for successful Open Innovation Arena." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 6, no. 4 (2019): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.2019.03.005.
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine settings for the Open Innovation Arena. In greater depth, this paper aims to analyse and reveal which factors influence the formation of an appropriate arena for doing open innovation and furthermore to prescribe how a firm can create an effective arena to gain access to external knowledge. This paper presents a review on open innovation literature with the purpose of examining the current understanding of factors influencing a firm's capacity to embrace and practice open innovation as well as understanding what is critical when fitting outside systems. It presents the results of a survey conducted among 25 researchers from INESC TEC, the Portuguese Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology, and Science. The study concludes that conditions, namely culture, leadership and strategy, are the main drivers to an open innovation arena, highlighting culture as the most important one. Highlights Nowadays, the goal of each organisation is to conquest competition and to win new customers. Firms must create physical locations where collaboration is encouraged. Companies must be able to diagnose, measure and question its innovation performance and potential. The Innovation Scoring System impacts a firm's capacity to embrace and practice open innovation; Impacting factors on Innovation Scoring System: Conditions, Resources, Processes and Results. Open Innovation is a powerful tool for the sustainable development of the companies.
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Billiet, Lieven, Sabine Van Huffel, and Vanya Van Belle. "Interval Coded Scoring: a toolbox for interpretable scoring systems." PeerJ Computer Science 4 (April 2, 2018): e150. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.150.
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Over the last decades, clinical decision support systems have been gaining importance. They help clinicians to make effective use of the overload of available information to obtain correct diagnoses and appropriate treatments. However, their power often comes at the cost of a black box model which cannot be interpreted easily. This interpretability is of paramount importance in a medical setting with regard to trust and (legal) responsibility. In contrast, existing medical scoring systems are easy to understand and use, but they are often a simplified rule-of-thumb summary of previous medical experience rather than a well-founded system based on available data. Interval Coded Scoring (ICS) connects these two approaches, exploiting the power of sparse optimization to derive scoring systems from training data. The presented toolbox interface makes this theory easily applicable to both small and large datasets. It contains two possible problem formulations based on linear programming or elastic net. Both allow to construct a model for a binary classification problem and establish risk profiles that can be used for future diagnosis. All of this requires only a few lines of code. ICS differs from standard machine learning through its model consisting of interpretable main effects and interactions. Furthermore, insertion of expert knowledge is possible because the training can be semi-automatic. This allows end users to make a trade-off between complexity and performance based on cross-validation results and expert knowledge. Additionally, the toolbox offers an accessible way to assess classification performance via accuracy and the ROC curve, whereas the calibration of the risk profile can be evaluated via a calibration curve. Finally, the colour-coded model visualization has particular appeal if one wants to apply ICS manually on new observations, as well as for validation by experts in the specific application domains. The validity and applicability of the toolbox is demonstrated by comparing it to standard Machine Learning approaches such as Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machines for several real-life datasets. These case studies on medical problems show its applicability as a decision support system. ICS performs similarly in terms of classification and calibration. Its slightly lower performance is countered by its model simplicity which makes it the method of choice if interpretability is a key issue.
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Al-Imam, Ahmed, and Ban A. AbdulMajeed. "Analysis of the Bases of Power of Key Players in the Industry of Novel Psychoactive Substances." Global Journal of Health Science 9, no. 11 (2017): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n11p14.
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BACKGROUND: The study of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) should be at the intersect of neuroscience, psychology, social science, data science, information and communication technology, policy-making, and legislation. The amalgamation of social science should be widely implemented; the concept of the individual basis of power (authority) has been applied in this study; the aim was to quantify the magnitude of authority for the major players in connection with the NPS industry.MATERIALS & METHODS: Data were collected for NPS researchers and e-vendors. Concerning the NPS scientists, fifty researchers were randomly picked using a random number generator. For each researcher; a power score was calculated; the power scoring is representative for the individual basis of power. There will be a kindred analysis for e-vendors on the darknet; the power scoring will rely on; e-vendor level, trust level, duration of membership in the e-market (vendor's antiquity), number of positive and negative feedbacks from e-customers, number of sold substances, number of subscribers, and e-vendor’s scoring on Grams search engine.RESULTS: Unfortunately, the summative power scores of NPS protagonists were higher than those who oppose and regulate the NPS phenomenon. Terrorist organisations were found to possess the highest power scores due to the additional use of illegal tactics. Power scoring for NPS researchers was highest in Europe, particularly the in the UK and Italy. On the other hand, e-vendors’ power scoring was highest for the AlphaBay e-market of the darknet.CONCLUSION: Principles of social science and psychology should be integrated into the collaborative efforts of NPS researchers. This study proposes a novel method to assess the authority of NPS-related personnel existing within the virtual space of the web; its applications are not limited to NPS researchers and e-vendors but can also be applicable for; e-markets, e-customers and (ab)users, and policy makers.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Scoring Key"
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Findlay, Rolanda A. "The Development of a Hybrid Scoring Key for a Situational Judgment Test Designed for Training Evaluation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42712.
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As a low fidelity work simulation, Situational Judgment Tests (SJTs) are an affordable and practical way of empirically linking training and on-the-job performance, thereby providing a viable means of evaluating training effectiveness. An issue, when utilizing SJTs, is deciding the appropriate manner in which the SJT should be scored. Traditional SJT scoring methodologies, while successfully utilized for selection and prediction, pose specific challenges when applied to a SJT designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a training program.
This study discusses the shortcomings of traditional SJT scoring methodologies when used in the evaluation context. To overcome these challenges, an innovative scoring methodology, the Hybrid methodology, is presented. This study provides the detailed description of the Hybrid scoring key creation, and compares the Hybrid scoring key with two traditional scoring keys (Subject Matter Expert (SME) and Respondent-based scoring keys). Responses from a military training program are utilized to illustrate the distinctive effects of using the three different scoring approaches. The superiority of the hybrid scoring key, due to increased confidence in the keyâ s accuracy, and findings regarding training evaluation are discussed. Future research directions and practical applications of the research are also discussed.<br>Master of Science
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Englund, Björn. "Key aspects to consider when designing an IT-tool based on scoring rubrics to support formative assessment: an exploratory design-driven study." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192367.
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Why this thesis is needed. This thesis is motivated by the falling school results of Swedish 15-year-olds, a lack of IT tools in Swedish schools and a call for turning the theory on formative assessment into practice. Previous research that is used in the thesis. This thesis mainly builds on the research done by John Hattie which is presented in his book Visible Learning from 2009, Wiliam & Thompson's research on effective formative assessment from 2007, Pachler et al. research on formative e-assessment from 2010 and Panadero & Jonsson's research on scoring rubrics from 2013. Research question. What key aspects should be taken into consideration when designing and implementing an IT tool based on scoring rubrics which aims to support formative assessment according to the key strategies for effective formative assessment as identified by Wiliam & Thompson (2007)? Method. To answer this question I chose a qualitative approach of parallel paper prototyping where I iteratively exposed the design and my ideas during focus groups to teachers, a headmaster, employees at The Swedish National Agency for Education and high school students, followed by an evaluation of the key topics that surfaced during the focus groups. Results. The results consist of eight key aspects to take into consideration when designing and implementing such a tool. Discussion and future research. Finally I discuss the implications of my findings and present directions for future research which include the construction of the tool, further investigation of the key aspects identified in this study, identification of additional key aspects and more.<br>Varför denna avhandling behövs. Denna avhandling motiveras av de fallande skolresultaten hos svenska 15-åringar, en brist på IT-verktyg i svenska skolor och ett rop efter att vända forskning inom formativ bedömning till praktik. Tidigare forskning som används. Denna avhandling bygger i huvudsak på forskningen av John Hattie som presenteras i hans bok Visible Learning från 2009, William & Thompsons forskning på effektiv formativ bedömning från 2007, Pachler et al. forskning på formativ e-bedömning från 2010 och Panadero & Jonssons forskning på betygsmatriser från 2013. Forskningsfråga. Vilka nyckelaspekter ska tas i åtanke vid utveckling av ett IT-verktyg baserat på betygsmatriser som stödjer formativ bedömning enligt de fem nyckelstrategierna för effektiv formativ bedömning som formulerats av Wiliam & Thompson (2007)? Metod. För att besvara denna fråga valdes en kvalitativ metod där parallell pappersprototypning användes under ett antal iterationer av fokusgrupper under vilka designen och tidigare diskussionpunkter diskuterades med lärare, en rektor, anställda vid Skolverket samt gymnasiestudenter. Fokusgrupperna följdes upp med en utvärdering av de största diskussionpunkterna som dök upp. Resultat. Resultaten består av åtta nyckelaspekter att ha i åtanke vid utveckling av ett sådant verktyg. Diskussion och framtida forskning. Slutligen diskuteras implikationerna av resultaten och direktioner för framtida forskning framförs. Dessa direktioner inkluderar utveckling av verktyget, vidare utredning av de nyckelaspekter som hittats i denna avhandling, identifikation av ytterligare nyckelaspekter och mer.
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Chu, Chao-Chang, and 朱潮昌. "Key Performance Indicators of Vulnerability Management based on Common Vulnerability Scoring System V2." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/252vg3.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>資訊管理系<br>100<br>One of the major tasks of IT management is to identify and assess vulnerabilities across disparate hardware and software platforms. How can IT managers prioritize these vulnerabilities and remediate those that pose the greatest risk? The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) provides an open framework for communicating the characteristics and impacts of IT vulnerabilities among IT managers, security vendors, application vendors, and researchers. CVSS consists of three groups: Base, Temporal and Environmental.
Since the Environmental group which reflects the vulnerability characteristics that are unique to any user’s environment, this research emphasizes on the Environmental group.
The metric of target distribution in the environmental group approximates the proportion of systems that could be affected by the vulnerability. The goal of this research is to identify the key factors affecting the metric of target distribution and thereby tune the appropriate parameters in the formula for calculating the advisable target distribution metric for an organization to low down vulnerability risk . Results show that in the Environmental metrics group, the metric value of target distribution and vulnerability risk value of the organization show a proportional relationship , and low down the target distribution metric to 0~25% of an organization could make the vulnerabilities risk to Low Level.
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Pratas, José Maria Dionísio Calado. "Analysis of goal scoring in football matches according to performance indicators and the context of competition." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15033.
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Esta tese teve como objetivo analisar os padrões temporais de marcação de golos no
futebol profissional de acordo com a perspectiva dinâmica e em função de diferentes
variáveis explicativas relacionadas com a performance das equipas e contexto competitivo. O trabalho inicia-se com a revisão sistemática dos estudos que analisaram
a marcação de golos em ligas profissionais de futebol masculino. Em função dos
métodos utilizados na recolha e tratamento de dados os estudos analisados foram
classificados em dois grupos – realizados segundo a perspetiva estática ou uma
perspetiva dinâmica. As vantagens e limitações de ambas as perspetivas no sentido de
proporcionar informações relevantes sobre a performance das equipas são discutidas no capítulo.
Nos capítulos que se seguem foram analisados os fatores que influenciam os tempos de marcação do primeiro e segundo golos do jogo, tal como do golo-chave (key-goal) que define o resultado do jogo (vitória ou empate). Procedimentos de análise de
sobrevivência (função de incidência cumulativa, modelos de regressão de Cox com
covariáveis fixas e variáveis no tempo e modelos competitivos) foram desenvolvidos e
aplicados para modelar o risco de marcação do primeiro, segundo e golo-chave ao longo do jogo em função de um conjunto de indicadores de performance e variáveis
contextuais. Os resultados confirmaram que os indicadores de performance, como o
diferencial de golos (diferença entre os golos marcados e sofridos durante o campeonato até ao jogo observado), remates à baliza, sanções disciplinares e substituições, permitem predizer o tempo em que o primeiro golo é marcado pelas equipas da casa. Os resultados também demonstraram que o primeiro golo do jogo marcado pelas equipas de casa tem uma associação positiva e significativa com a vitória final. A análise do segundo golo do jogo revelou que este é marcado com a maior frequência na segunda parte do jogo quando a equipa joga em casa. O modelo de Cox demonstrou que o tempo do primeiro golo tem um efeito positivo e significativo no tempo do segundo golo marcado pela equipa da casa, particularmente se o primeiro golo foi marcado na segunda parte do jogo. Para modelar o tempo do golo-chave foram utilizados modelos de riscos competitivos que demonstraram que as equipas da casa têm uma probabilidade maior de marcar o golo-chave associado à vitória, enquanto as equipas com um diferencial acumulado positivo de golos marcados e sofridos tiveram menor probabilidade de marcar o golo-chave associado à vitória. As equipas da casa e as equipas com um maior diferencial positivo de golos marcados e sofridos demonstraram uma maior probabilidade de marcar o golo-chave associado a um empate como resultado final. O estudo abre novas perspetivas para a análise da performance coletiva no futebol de alto rendimento. A abordagem metodológica proposta no estudo toma em consideração a dinâmica de desempenho coletivo durante o jogo e permite fazer previsões de rendimento coletivo que facilitam a tomada de decisão dos treinadores na direção da equipa.<br>The aim of this thesis is to analyse goal-scoring patterns in professional football in
accordance with the dynamic perspective, using different explanatory variables
associated with team performance and game context. In the first section there is a
systematic review of studies which analyse goal scoring in men's professional football
leagues. In accordance with the methods used for data collection and analysis, studies
were classified into two groups: studies carried out according to the static perspective
and those carried out according to the dynamic perspective. The advantages and
limitations of both perspectives in providing relevant information on team performance
are also discussed.
In the following chapters there is analysis of the factors that influence the time at which
the first and second goals are scored in a match, as well as the idea of the key-goal
which defines the outcome of the game (a win or a draw). Survival analysis procedures
(cumulative incidence function, Cox regression models with fixed and time varying
covariates and competing models) were devised and applied in match analysis to
estimate the probability of the first goal, second goal and the key-goal being scored
during a match as a function of a set of explanatory variables regarding team
performance and match context. The findings of this study confirmed that performance
indicators, such as positive accumulated goal difference (the difference between the
goals scored and conceded during the whole competition up until the match considered), shots on goal, sanctions and substitutions enable the time at which the first goal is scored by home teams to be predicted. They also revealed the importance of scoring the first goal for home teams to win a match. In addition, they showed that the first goal in a match scored by home teams was positively and significantly associated with a winning outcome. Analysis of the second goal of the match demonstrated that this is scored most often by home teams in the second half of the game. The Cox model showed that the time at which the first goal is scored in a match had a positive effect on the second goal being scored by the home team, particularly if the first goal was scored in the second half of the match. The competitive risk regressions model showed that there was a higher probability of home teams scoring the key-goal of match, while there was a lower probability of teams with a positive accumulated goal difference scoring the keygoal that led to victory. Home teams, and teams with a positive accumulated goal
difference, showed a higher probability of scoring the key-goal that tied the match. This
study brings new perspectives for performance analysis in elite football by taking into
account the dynamics of team performance during matches. The approach proposed in
this study enables the prediction of scoreline evolution based on performance indicators
and thus might facilitate decision-making by coaches regarding instructions given to
teams during matches.
Books on the topic "Scoring Key"
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Vincent, Denis, and Michael de la Mare. Effective Reading Tests: Scoring Key Progress Test Level 2. Nelson Thornes (Publishers) Ltd, 1986.
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Vincent, Denis, and Michael de la Mare. Effective Reading Tests: Scoring Key Progress Test Level 4. Nelson Thornes (Publishers) Ltd, 1986.
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Vincent, Denis, and Michael de la Mare. Effective Reading Tests: Scoring Key Progress Test Level 3: Level 3 (Progress Test Only). Nelson Thornes (Publishers) Ltd, 1986.
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Vincent, Denis, and Michael de la Mare. Effective Reading Tests: Scoring Key Progress Test Level 1: Level 1 (Progress Test Only : Level 1). Nelson Thornes (Publishers) Ltd, 1986.
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Banerjee, Ashis, and Clara Oliver. Gastrointestinal emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198786870.003.0013.
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This chapter covers the medical aspects of patients presenting to the emergency department with a gastrointestinal problem. It covers both upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding, including the management and scoring systems available for risk stratification. This chapter also includes a section on diarrhoea and vomiting, as well as the management of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease. In addition to bowel-related pathology, another common presentation includes liver and alcohol-related pathology. This chapter summarizes the key aspects of liver failure. Included in this are the key investigation and indications for transplant, as well as the management of alcohol-related liver disease and alcohol withdrawal.
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Adam, Sheila, Sue Osborne, and John Welch. Evaluating evidence and quality of care in the critical care unit. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696260.003.0016.
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Critical care nurses and the whole multidisciplinary team have a responsibility to ensure that they use the most appropriate treatments and care procedures, to continually evaluate the effectiveness and value of the interventions they perform and the care they give, and to aim for continuous improvement of their service. This chapter discusses how research should be applied in practice, key principles of audit, quality assurance and quality improvement, standard setting, illness severity scoring systems, and the prediction and measurement of patient outcomes. The challenges of managing long-term patients and ethical issues, such as treatment withdrawal, bereavement, and care of relatives, are also reviewed
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Vincent, Barbara. Farming Meat Goats. CSIRO Publishing, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643093058.
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Goat meat is growing in popularity and is becoming an important export industry. It offers many opportunities for large- and small-scale farmers who need to diversify or seek alternative enterprises. This book deals specifically with the production of goats for meat and addresses all aspects of the industry that the producer is likely to encounter. It covers selecting and preparing a property, choosing the breeding stock, breeding, health care and nutrition, drought feeding, condition scoring and marketing.
 One of the key benefits of Farming Meat Goats is that it will allow farmers to produce animals to specification for targeted markets in Australia and overseas including: butchers; supermarkets; restaurants; on-farm live sales; sales to abattoirs that specialise in Halal kills; and breeding stock either as replacements, or for improved herd genetics.
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Skipworth, James R. A., and Stephen P. Pereira. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and assessment of acute pancreatitis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0190.
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The incidence of acute pancreatitis continues to increase, but the attendant mortality has not decreased for >30 years. The pathogenesis remains poorly understood, but the initial mechanism appears to be intracellular activation of pancreatic enzymes, with micro- and macrovascular dysfunction, in conjunction with a systemic inflammatory response acting as a key propagating factor and determinant of severity. A multitude of causes or initiators exist, but there is a common pathophysiological pathway. The use of conventional scoring systems, combined with repeated clinical and laboratory assessment, remain the optimal method of predicting early severity and organ dysfunction. Death occurs in a biphasic pattern with early mortality (<2 weeks) secondary to SIRS and MODS; and late deaths (>2 weeks) due to superinfection of pancreatic necrosis. Assessment of severity should reflect this, with early severity being diagnosed in the presence of organ failure for >48 hours, and late severity defined by the presence of pancreatic and peri-pancreatic complications on CT or other appropriate imaging modalities.
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Mistraletti, Giovanni, and Gaetano Iapichino. Sedation assessment in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0358.
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Patient comfort is a primary goal in ICU, but achieving and maintaining the appropriate balance of analgesia, sedation, and treatment of delirium is frequently challenging. International guidelines recommend keeping critically-ill patients calm and cooperative, awake in daytime and asleep at night, always avoiding deep sedation. To state the actual level of sedation and the desired one, it is necessary to frequently perform a sedation assessment with validated tools. Subjective methods are the most useful guides in ICU consciously-sedated patients, representing the gold standard for good clinical practice. Use of such a scale is a key component of sedation algorithms. The ideal scoring system should be easy, reliable, sensitive, and with minimal interobserver variability, giving no or minimal additional discomfort to the patient. Most of the proposed tools are a compromise between accuracy and time required for evaluation; the most used are the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale and the Sedation-Agitation Scale.
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Kortgen, Andreas, and Michael Bauer. Hepatic function in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0175.
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The liver with its parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells plays a key role in the organism with manifold functions of metabolism, synthesis, detoxification, excretion, and host response. This requires a portfolio of different tests to obtain an overview of hepatic function. In the critically ill hepatic dysfunction is common and potentially leading to extrahepatic organ dysfunctions culminating in multi-organ failure. Conventional laboratory measures are used to evaluate hepatocellular damage, cholestasis, or synthesis. They provide valuable (differential) diagnostic data and can yield prognostic information in chronic liver diseases, especially when used in scoring systems such as the ‘model for end-stage liver disease’. However, they have short-comings in the critically ill in assessing rapid changes in hepatic function and liver blood flow. In contrast, dynamic quantitative liver function tests measure current liver function with respect to the ability to eliminate and/or metabolize a specific substance. In addition, they are dependent on sinusoidal blood flow. Liver function tests have prognostic significance in the critically ill and may be used to guide therapy.
Book chapters on the topic "Scoring Key"
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Guidolin, Massimo, and Manuela Pedio. "Sharpening the Accuracy of Credit Scoring Models with Machine Learning Algorithms." In Data Science for Economics and Finance. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66891-4_5.
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AbstractThe big data revolution and recent advancements in computing power have increased the interest in credit scoring techniques based on artificial intelligence. This has found easy leverage in the fact that the accuracy of credit scoring models has a crucial impact on the profitability of lending institutions. In this chapter, we survey the most popular supervised credit scoring classification methods (and their combinations through ensemble methods) in an attempt to identify a superior classification technique in the light of the applied literature. There are at least three key insights that emerge from surveying the literature. First, as far as individual classifiers are concerned, linear classification methods often display a performance that is at least as good as that of machine learning methods. Second, ensemble methods tend to outperform individual classifiers. However, a dominant ensemble method cannot be easily identified in the empirical literature. Third, despite the possibility that machine learning techniques could fail to outperform linear classification methods when standard accuracy measures are considered, in the end they lead to significant cost savings compared to the financial implications of using different scoring models.
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Carr, Nathan T. "Consistency of Computer-Automated Scoring Keys Across Authors and Authoring Teams." In Another Generation of Fundamental Considerations in Language Assessment. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8952-2_11.
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Craft, T. M., and P. M. Upton. "Scoring Systems." In Key Topics In Anaesthesia. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203749685-81.
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Cook, Sara-Catrin, Matt Thomas, Jerry Nolan, and Michael Parr. "Scoring systems." In Key Clinical Topics in Critical Care. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12220_89.
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"TRAUMA SCORING AND INJURY SCALING." In Key Topics in Accident and Emergency Medicine. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203450475-96.
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Greaves, Ian, and Keith Porter. "Major incident management and triage." In Oxford Handbook of Pre-hospital Care. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198734949.003.0010.
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The management of major incidents and disasters is complex and requires the effective engagement and integration of a great number of responding organizations and individuals. This section offers an introduction to the subject, clarifying the key principles and giving some basic organizational information. The chapter classifies major incidents, defines the specific phases, the process of declaring a major incident, how to set the scene (including command structures and responsibilities), explains the role of the health services, the roles of the other emergency services and the armed forces. It covers radio voice procedure and approved communication shorthand, triage, trauma scoring, and mass gathering medicine.
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Wimmer, Hayden, and Roy Rada. "Applying Artificial Intelligence to Financial Investing." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch001.
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Artificial intelligence techniques have long been applied to financial investing scenarios to determine market inefficiencies, criteria for credit scoring, and bankruptcy prediction, to name a few. While there are many subfields to artificial intelligence this work seeks to identify the most commonly applied AI techniques to financial investing as appears in academic literature. AI techniques, such as knowledge-based, machine learning, and natural language processing, are integrated into systems that simultaneously address data identification, asset valuation, and risk management. Future trends will continue to integrate hybrid artificial intelligence techniques into financial investing, portfolio optimization, and risk management. The remainder of this article summarizes key contributions of applying AI to financial investing as appears in the academic literature.
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Wimmer, Hayden, and Roy Rada. "Applying Artificial Intelligence to Financial Investing." In Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Business Operations and Management. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7362-3.ch001.
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Artificial intelligence techniques have long been applied to financial investing scenarios to determine market inefficiencies, criteria for credit scoring, and bankruptcy prediction, to name a few. While there are many subfields to artificial intelligence, this work seeks to identify the most commonly applied AI techniques to financial investing as appears in academic literature. AI techniques, such as knowledge-based, machine learning, and natural language processing, are integrated into systems that simultaneously address data identification, asset valuation, and risk management. Future trends will continue to integrate hybrid artificial intelligence techniques into financial investing, portfolio optimization, and risk management. The remainder of this chapter summarizes key contributions of applying AI to financial investing as appears in the academic literature.
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Tamte, Roger R. "Birth Year." In Walter Camp and the Creation of American Football. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041617.003.0012.
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A point system of scoring is enacted at a late 1882 (November or December) rules convention. Safeties are penalized by the award of a point to the opponents. Rules are overhauled and reduced from sixty-four to thirty-eight and a constitution written for the Intercollegiate Football Association. Camp leads the changes, and the cover of the 1883 rule book (published for the first time by Wright and Ditson, a Boston sporting-goods business) states the rules have been “Revised by Walter Camp.” Camp writes a tribute in the Yale News, praising American football and its improved science and order, including “machinelike” team play and a “quarterback” position, which Camp says is the “key to the whole game.”
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Waters, Keith. "Herbie Hancock." In Postbop Jazz in the 1960s. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190604578.003.0003.
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Hancock’s postbop composition provided some of the signature sounds of the 1960s. “King Cobra” (My Point of View) relies on both major third and minor third axis progressions, often using a slash-chord vocabulary; several devices at the end of the form enhance its tonal and formal ambiguity. “Dolphin Dance” (Maiden Voyage) maintains an even heightened sense of tonal and formal ambiguity. It begins with major third axis progressions embellished through harmonic substitutions and elaborations; despite local harmonic cadences and goals, the composition suppresses a single-key orientation. “Jessica” (Fat Albert Rotunda) relies on a perfect fifth axis progression in its skeletal melody, and its horn scoring reveals significant details of Hancock’s harmonic vocabulary and harmonic substitution techniques.
Conference papers on the topic "Scoring Key"
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Kopaczka, Marcin, Lisa Ernst, Jakob Heckelmann, Christoph Schorn, Rene Tolba, and Dorit Merhof. "Automatic Key Frame Extraction From Videos For Efficient Mouse Pain Scoring." In 2018 5th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spin.2018.8474046.
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Wang, Ying, Siming Li, and Zhangxi Lin. "Revealing Key Non-financial Factors for Online Credit-Scoring in e-Financing." In 2013 10th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2013.6602651.
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Palmer-Jones, Roland, Susannah Turner, and Phil Hopkins. "A New Approach to Risk Based Pipeline Integrity Management." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10535.
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The use of risk based integrity management systems for pipelines is increasing in popularity, and now changes in legislation in the USA require operators to use risk assessment in high consequence areas. The methodologies used range from point scoring qualitative schemes to detailed quantified systems requiring structural reliability analysis, release modelling and post incident behavioural modelling. In the UK a risk based approach to pipeline integrity management has been included in legislation since 1996, and is widely used. Experience with implementing systems and applying them to onshore and offshore pipeline systems has led to the following conclusions: • Point scoring systems cannot replace expert knowledge. • Point scoring systems always need to be modified to suit a particular system and need updating as parameters change. • Detailed automated systems generate a huge number of sections and range of risks. this can be confusing and cannot easily be accounted for in inspection planning. • A clear link between risks and inspection or monitoring is needed. • Simplicity and flexibility are critical. This paper describes a radical new approach to using risk assessment for pipeline integrity management. This new approach focuses on identifying whether hazards are time dependant (e.g. corrosion) or random (e.g. third party damage), and then either estimating a time to failure or a probability of occurrence. These estimates can be based on experience, history, or specific detailed studies. The effect of inspection and monitoring is also considered. This methodology allows the user to manage the risks associated with their pipeline in a way that is flexible, rational, consistent, and can be readily understood by others. It also allows the reasons for decisions regarding inspections to be recorded, and new users to quickly learn the key safety issues for the pipeline.
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Xie, Shuyi, Shaohua Dong, and Guangyu Zhang. "Identification of Key Factors of Fire Risk of Oil Depot Based on Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93125.
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Abstract With the rapid development of the national economy, the demand for oil is increasing. In order to meet the increasing energy demand, China has established a number of oil depot in recent years, whose largest capacity reaching up to tens of millions of cubic meters. Due to the flammable and explosive nature of the stored medium, the risk of fire in the oil depot area has increased dramatically as the tank capacity of the storage tank area has increased. The intensification of the oil depot and the development of large-scale oil storage tanks have brought convenience to the national oil depot, but also brought many catastrophic consequences. In recent years, there have been many fires and explosions in the oil depot, causing major casualties and property losses, which seriously endangered the ecological environment and public safety. Based on the constructed oil depot fire risk index system, the fuzzy C-means algorithm (FCM) and fuzzy maximum support tree clustering algorithm is introduced. Through the two fuzzy clustering mathematical models, key factors in the established index system are identified. Firstly, the expert scoring method is used to evaluate the indicators in the oil depot fire risk index system, and the importance degree evaluation matrix of oil depot fire risk factors is constructed through the fuzzy analysis of expert comments. Then, the fuzzy C-means algorithm (FCM) and the fuzzy clustering tree algorithm are used to cluster the various risk indicators, and the key factors of the oil depot fire risk are identified. Through the comparative analysis and cross-validation of the results of the two fuzzy clustering methods, the accuracy of the recognition results is ensured. Finally, using an oil depot as a case study, it is found that passive fire prevention capability and emergency rescue capability are key factors that need to be paid attention to in the oil depot fire risk index. The fuzzy clustering algorithm used in this paper can digitize the subjective comments of experts, thus reducing the influence of human subjective factors. In addition, by using two fuzzy clustering algorithms to analyze and verify the key factors of the oil depot fire risk, the reliability of the clustering results is guaranteed. The identification of key factors can enable managers to predict high-risk factors in advance in the fire risk prevention and control process of the oil depot, so as to adopt corresponding preventive measures to minimize the fire risk in the oil depot, and ensure the safety of the operation of the oil depot.
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Zhang, Yu, Houquan Zhou, and Zhenghua Li. "Fast and Accurate Neural CRF Constituency Parsing." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/560.
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Estimating probability distribution is one of the core issues in the NLP field. However, in both deep learning (DL) and pre-DL eras, unlike the vast applications of linear-chain CRF in sequence labeling tasks, very few works have applied tree-structure CRF to constituency parsing, mainly due to the complexity and inefficiency of the inside-outside algorithm. This work presents a fast and accurate neural CRF constituency parser. The key idea is to batchify the inside algorithm for loss computation by direct large tensor operations on GPU, and meanwhile avoid the outside algorithm for gradient computation via efficient back-propagation. We also propose a simple two-stage bracketing-then-labeling parsing approach to improve efficiency further. To improve the parsing performance, inspired by recent progress in dependency parsing, we introduce a new scoring architecture based on boundary representation and biaffine attention, and a beneficial dropout strategy. Experiments on PTB, CTB5.1, and CTB7 show that our two-stage CRF parser achieves new state-of-the-art performance on both settings of w/o and w/ BERT, and can parse over 1,000 sentences per second. We release our code at https://github.com/yzhangcs/crfpar.
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Yang, Jing, Ming Li, Lei Shi, and Xue Li. "Method and Application of Pipeline Integrity Management Performance Evaluation." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21380.
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Abstract Pipeline integrity management has been highly admitted by the international pipeline industry as its nature of proactive prevention. And since it was introduced into China, it has been widely favored by Chinese oil and gas pipeline operators. With more than 10 years’ continuous absorption, practice and technical innovation, China has achieved some progress in key technologies such as risk assessment, integrity evaluation and maintenance. However, it is undeniable that there is still a gap between domestic technology and the international advanced technology. In addition, the integrity management level of different pipeline enterprises in China varies. As a result, it is indispensable and advisable to set up a scientific management thinking of continuous improvement and to establish a long-term effective management mechanism. As the last step in the integrity management cycle, performance evaluation is the key to realize the improvement of integrity management level constantly by cycle. In this paper a performance evaluation method is established based on implementation process and management effect of integrity management. On account of requirements of current documents and standards, specific scoring rules concerning integrity management are proposed, and an evaluation tool is developed accordingly. With application of developed evaluation method and tool, the performance of a certain pipeline operator in a certain management period is evaluated, and problems and deficiencies have been identified during the management process, thus measures and suggestions for improvement given specifically. In the end, it is suggested this performance evaluation method be promoted and applied to realize its function of feedback and improvement.
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El-Reedy, Mohamed A. "Risk Based Inspection for Prioritizing Repair and Inspections of Large Numbers of Platforms in Gulf of Suez." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92109.
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GUPCO has more than hundred platforms located in Gulf of Suez that require topsides and underwater inspections on a regular basis as a part of integrity management system. Because of the high cost of underwater inspections and repair, GUPCO has developed a risk-based process to more effectively implement inspection resources. The process is based upon the critical key characteristics of each platform (year designed, number of legs, framing configuration, manning level, etc.) as well as results from previous inspections (date of last inspection, amount of inspection, flooded members, cut member, excessive marine growth, anode status, etc.). Using this information, the overall “risk” of the platform is determined using a rule-based scoring estimation of the likelihood and consequence of failure. In parallel, the severe damage platform structure is assessment by performing pushover analysis. The platforms are then ranked from highest to lowest risk, with the highest risk platforms receiving priority for repair and inspections. By calculating the likelihood of failure which is the main part of the assessment it is found that the age is the main factor affecting the structure condition. So from this paper one can calculate approximate value for failure likelihood occurring to the structure by knowing its age.
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Fellingham, Lorimer, and Timothy K. Manners. "Assessment of the Recoverability of Dumped Spent Fuel in the Kara Sea." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4864.
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Sixteen reactor units, six of which plus a special container retain spent fuel, have been dumped by the Russian Federation in the Kara Sea off the island of Novaya Zemlya. The total radioactive inventory is of ∼4.2 × 1015 Bq. There has been widespread concern over their safety and current and future impacts on the local environment. This paper assesses the options for the recovery and permanent management of the spent nuclear fuel (SNF). The study was undertaken as part of the European Commission’s TACIS Programme to improve the safety of radioactive waste management in the north-west region of Russia [1]. It involved reviewing existing studies into the radiological situation in Arctic waters; identifying the key factors affecting potential recovery; determining and assessing potential options and recommending the preferred strategy. Two basic choices exist for the dumped reactors and fuel: 1. Leave dumped in the sea; 2. Salvage to land and treat/dispose. In total 11 options were identified and evaluated. Three were variants of 1), i.e. leave unchanged, improve the containment, and partially raise and redump in deeper waters. The remainder involved combinations of salvage of reactor compartments or only the reactor pressure vessels, followed by direct disposal on land of the reactor with or without the spent fuel and reprocessing or direct burial of any extracted fuel. The first stage of the assessment included preparation for each option of engineering cost and net present value (NPV) estimates; a cost benefit analysis based on the cost-of-dose saving using the ALARP principle; a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Risks (SWOR) analysis and the generation of a detailed Environmental Aspect register, including a semi-quantitative Environmental Risk Assessment. The risk assessment methodology was based on a risk matrix, which compared environmental consequence with likely frequency to determine the significance of the impacts. The risk matrix was developed from established systems used for safety risk assessment of industrial, nuclear and chemical hazards. A scoring system was developed to cover factors that could affect decision-making. It included: i) Radiological impact to man. ii) Environmental impact assessment. iii) Ease of disposal. iv) Regulatory pressure. v) Technical feasibility. vi) Integrity of containment. vii) Up-front capital cost. viii) Discounted total cost. ix) Cost Benefit with ALARP. x) International will. xi) Risk from terrorist intrusion. xii) Public acceptability. The scoring system was subject to weighting to put priority on the most important issues. A sensitivity assessment was used to ensure the selection system was robust. Finally, the Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO) for the dumped SNF was determined. The study concludes that it is technically feasible to recover the reactors and spent fuel. However, the cost will be a minimum of £50M. The radiological consequences of leaving the reactors and fuel in their present location are very small. Thus the benefits of recovery are not justifiable. The overall conclusion is that a continuation of the current strategy is the preferred management option.
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Smith, Warren F. "A Pillar of Mechanical Engineering Design Education in Australia: 25 Years of the Warman Design and Build Competition." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12647.
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The “Warman Design and Build Competition”, running across Australasian Universities, is now in its 26th year in 2013. Presented in this paper is a brief history of the competition, documenting the objectives, yearly scenarios, key contributors and champion Universities since its beginning in 1988. Assuming the competition has reached the majority of mechanical and related discipline engineering students in that time, it is fair to say that this competition, as a vehicle of the National Committee on Engineering Design, has served to shape Australasian engineering education in an enduring way. The philosophy of the Warman Design and Build Competition and some of the challenges of running it are described in this perspective by its coordinator since 2003. In particular, the need is for the competition to work effectively across a wide range of student group ability. Not every group engaging with the competition will be competitive nationally, yet all should learn positively from the experience. Reported also in this paper is the collective feedback from the campus organizers in respect to their use of the competition as an educational experience in their classrooms. Each University participating uses the competition differently with respect to student assessment and the support students receive. However, all academic campus organizer responses suggest that the competition supports their own and their institutional learning objectives very well. While the project scenarios have varied widely over the years, the intent to challenge 2nd year university (predominantly mechanical) engineering students with an open-ended statement of requirements in a practical and experiential exercise has been a constant. Students are faced with understanding their opportunity and their client’s value system as expressed in a scoring algorithm. They are required to conceive, construct and demonstrate their device with limited prior knowledge and experience, and the learning outcomes clearly impact their appreciation for teamwork, leadership and product realization.
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Chang, Tao-Hsing, Pei-Yen Tsai, Chia-Hoang Lee, and Hak-Ping Tam. "Automated essay scoring using set of literary sememes." In 2008 International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering (NLP-KE). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nlpke.2008.4906764.
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