Academic literature on the topic 'Scoring relations'
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Journal articles on the topic "Scoring relations"
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Powers, Donald E., Jill C. Burstein, Martin S. Chodorow, Mary E. Fowles, and Karen Kukich. "Comparing the Validity of Automated and Human Scoring of Essays." Journal of Educational Computing Research 26, no. 4 (2002): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/cx92-7wkv-n7wc-jl0a.
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Automated, or computer-based, scoring represents one promising possibility for improving the cost effectiveness (and other features) of complex performance assessments (such as direct tests of writing skill) that require examinees to construct responses rather than select them from a set of multiple choices. Indeed, significant advances have been made in applying natural language processing techniques to the automatic scoring of essays. Thus far, most of the validation of automated scoring has focused appropriately (but too narrowly, we contend) on the correspondence between computer-generated scores and those assigned by human readers. Far less effort has been devoted to assessing the relation of automated scores to independent indicators of examinees' writing skills. This study examined the relationship of scores from a graduate level writing assessment to several independent, non-test indicators of examinees' writing skills—both for automated scores and for scores assigned by trained human readers. The extent to which automated and human scores exhibited similar relations with the non-test indicators was taken as evidence of the degree to which the two methods of scoring reflect similar aspects of writing proficiency. Analyses revealed significant, but modest, correlations between the non-test indicators and each of the two methods of scoring. These relations were somewhat weaker for automated scores than for scores awarded by human readers. Overall, however, the results provide some evidence of the validity of one specific procedure for automated scoring.
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Schnakenberg, Keith E., and Elizabeth Maggie Penn. "Scoring from Contests." Political Analysis 22, no. 1 (2014): 86–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpt018.
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This article presents a new model for scoring alternatives from “contest” outcomes. The model is a generalization of the method of paired comparison to accommodate comparisons between arbitrarily sized sets of alternatives in which outcomes are any division of a fixed prize. Our approach is also applicable to contests between varying quantities of alternatives. We prove that under a reasonable condition on the comparability of alternatives, there exists a unique collection of scores that produces accurate estimates of the overall performance of each alternative and satisfies a well-known axiom regarding choice probabilities. We apply the method to several problems in which varying choice sets and continuous outcomes may create problems for standard scoring methods. These problems include measuring centrality in network data and the scoring of political candidates via a “feeling thermometer.” In the latter case, we also use the method to uncover and solve a potential difficulty with common methods of rescaling thermometer data to account for issues of interpersonal comparability.
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Komarova, O. M., and V. G. Ezhkova. "REPUTATION SCORING IN INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS." Вестник Алтайской академии экономики и права 3, no. 10 2020 (2020): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/vaael.1377.
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Chusmir, Leonard H., and Ana Azevedo. "Motivation Needs of Sampled Fortune-500 Ceos: Relations to Organization Outcomes." Perceptual and Motor Skills 75, no. 2 (1992): 595–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.75.2.595.
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Motive scores (needs for Achievement, Affiliation, and Power) of the chief executive officers of the nation's 50 largest industrial firms were determined using content analysis of letters to stockholders contained in the firms' annual reports. The scoring method was a modification of the standard TAT scoring procedure. Results showed chat chief executive officers' high need Achievement was correlated with relative growth in sales, while high need Power was correlated with relative growth in profits. Effects of need Achievement and need Power also were examined for return on equity and return on sales. Implications are discussed.
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Sathiya, B., and T. V. Geetha. "Automatic Ontology Learning from Multiple Knowledge Sources of Text." International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 14, no. 2 (2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiit.2018040101.
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The prime textual sources used for ontology learning are a domain corpus and dynamic large text from web pages. The first source is limited and possibly outdated, while the second is uncertain. To overcome these shortcomings, a novel ontology learning methodology is proposed to utilize the different sources of text such as a corpus, web pages and the massive probabilistic knowledge base, Probase, for an effective automated construction of ontology. Specifically, to discover taxonomical relations among the concept of the ontology, a new web page based two-level semantic query formation methodology using the lexical syntactic patterns (LSP) and a novel scoring measure: Fitness built on Probase are proposed. Also, a syntactic and statistical measure called COS (Co-occurrence Strength) scoring, and Domain and Range-NTRD (Non-Taxonomical Relation Discovery) algorithms are proposed to accurately identify non-taxonomical relations(NTR) among concepts, using evidence from the corpus and web pages.
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Medina, Rosa Puertas, and Maria Luisa Martí Selva. "Análisis del credit scoring." Revista de Administração de Empresas 53, no. 3 (2013): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-75902013000300007.
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El problema de la morosidad está cobrándose una gran importancia en los países desarrollados. En este trabajo realizamos un análisis de la capacidad predictiva de dos modelos paramétricos y uno no paramétrico abordando, en este último, el problema del sobreaprendizaje mediante la validación cruzada que, muy habitualmente, se obvia en este tipo de estudios. Además proponemos la distinción de tres tipos de solicitudes dependiendo de su probabilidad cumplimiento: conceder, no conceder (de forma automática), y dudoso y, por consiguiente, proceder a su estudio manual por parte del personal bancario.
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Schmitz, Florian, Dominik Rotter, and Oliver Wilhelm. "Scoring Alternatives for Mental Speed Tests: Measurement Issues and Validity for Working Memory Capacity and the Attentional Blink Effect." Journal of Intelligence 6, no. 4 (2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence6040047.
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Research suggests that the relation of mental speed with working memory capacity (WMC) depends on complexity and scoring methods of speed tasks and the type of task used to assess capacity limits in working memory. In the present study, we included conventional binding/updating measures of WMC as well as rapid serial visual presentation paradigms. The latter allowed for a computation of the attentional blink (AB) effect that was argued to measure capacity limitations at the encoding stage of working memory. Mental speed was assessed with a set of tasks and scored by diverse methods, including response time (RT) based scores, as well as ex-Gaussian and diffusion model parameterization. Relations of latent factors were investigated using structure equation modeling techniques. RT-based scores of mental speed yielded substantial correlations with WMC but only weak relations with the AB effect, while WMC and the AB magnitude were independent. The strength of the speed-WMC relation was shown to depend on task type. Additionally, the increase in predictive validity across RT quantiles changed across task types, suggesting that the worst performance rule (WPR) depends on task characteristics. In contrast to the latter, relations of speed with the AB effect did not change across RT quantiles. Relations of the model parameters were consistently found for the ex-Gaussian tau parameter and the diffusion model drift rate. However, depending on task type, other parameters showed plausible relations as well. The finding that characteristics of mental speed tasks determined the overall strength of relations with WMC, the occurrence of a WPR effect, and the specific pattern of relations of model parameters, implies that mental speed tasks are not exchangeable measurement tools. In spite of reflecting a general factor of mental speed, different speed tasks possess different requirements, supporting the notion of mental speed as a hierarchical construct.
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Soderland, Stephen, Brendan Roof, Bo Qin, Shi Xu, Mausam, and Oren Etzioni. "Adapting Open Information Extraction to Domain-Specific Relations." AI Magazine 31, no. 3 (2010): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v31i3.2305.
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Information extraction (IE) can identify a set of relations from free text to support question answering (QA). Until recently, IE systems were domain-specific and needed a combination of manual engineering and supervised learning to adapt to each target domain. A new paradigm, Open IE operates on large text corpora without any manual tagging of relations, and indeed without any pre-specified relations. Due to its open-domain and open-relation nature, Open IE is purely textual and is unable to relate the surface forms to an ontology, if known in advance. We explore the steps needed to adapt Open IE to a domain-specific ontology and demonstrate our approach of mapping domain-independent tuples to an ontology using domains from DARPA’s Machine Reading Project. Our system achieves precision over 0.90 from as few as 8 training examples for an NFL-scoring domain.
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Eggen, Theo J. H. M., and Tecla T. M. Lampe. "Comparison of the reliability of scoring methods of multiple-response items, matching items, and sequencing items." CADMO, no. 2 (January 2012): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/cad2011-002008.
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Multiple-response items, sequencing items, and matching items are three innovative item types often included in systems for computer-based assessment that offer the benefit of polytomous scoring and the possibility to measure partial knowledge. In the present study, different scoring methods of these three item types were compared. Based on the assumption that different response patterns to these item types represent different knowledge levels, these knowledge levels are described. Features of different scoring methods were studied to select the scoring methods included in this study. Subsequently, a probability distribution of scoring results for each knowledge level was derived and computed. Based on classical test theory, a measure for the reliability of the different scoring methods on the level of a single item was derived. To compare the results of the scoring methods selected, reliabilities were computed for several distributions of knowledge levels in a population. For a multiple-response item, when an examinee must select all the right options, the dichotomous scoring method resulted in higher reliabilities than scoring the response patterns polytomously. For matching items and for multiple-response items, when an examinee is asked to select fewer options than the total number of right options given, polytomous scoring methods gave higher reliabilities than the dichotomous scoring method. Simple polytomous scoring by counting the selected right options or relations is recommended instead of more complex polytomous scoring methods, for instance, using a correction for wrong answers or a so-called "floor". The results of scoring sequencing items were not as conclusive as for the other two item types explored.
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Junge, Alexander, and Lars Juhl Jensen. "CoCoScore: context-aware co-occurrence scoring for text mining applications using distant supervision." Bioinformatics 36, no. 1 (2019): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz490.
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Abstract Motivation Information extraction by mining the scientific literature is key to uncovering relations between biomedical entities. Most existing approaches based on natural language processing extract relations from single sentence-level co-mentions, ignoring co-occurrence statistics over the whole corpus. Existing approaches counting entity co-occurrences ignore the textual context of each co-occurrence. Results We propose a novel corpus-wide co-occurrence scoring approach to relation extraction that takes the textual context of each co-mention into account. Our method, called CoCoScore, scores the certainty of stating an association for each sentence that co-mentions two entities. CoCoScore is trained using distant supervision based on a gold-standard set of associations between entities of interest. Instead of requiring a manually annotated training corpus, co-mentions are labeled as positives/negatives according to their presence/absence in the gold standard. We show that CoCoScore outperforms previous approaches in identifying human disease–gene and tissue–gene associations as well as in identifying physical and functional protein–protein associations in different species. CoCoScore is a versatile text mining tool to uncover pairwise associations via co-occurrence mining, within and beyond biomedical applications. Availability and implementation CoCoScore is available at: https://github.com/JungeAlexander/cocoscore. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Scoring relations"
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Wessels, Heinrich H. "Knowledge based customer relationship management review and scoring model." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52908.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Knowledge Based Customer Relationship Management (KB-CRM) is derived from
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Knowledge Management (KM) that
are two crucial components of today's enterprise business models. This report
explores the fact that the management of the knowledge in the enterprise and
customer relationship management is directly related to the success of the enterprise
and attempts to understand the meaning of KB-CRM, what the domains are, and
how to diagnose KB-CRM. Based on the research the following definition for KBCRM
is derived in the report:
To knowledge-enable the enterprise to provide personalised and integrated sales,
service and marketing processes to acquire new customers, retain the right existing
customers and to grow the relationships with existing customers at every touch point,
anytime and anywhere to add value to both the customer and the organisation.
The report contains a literature survey of CRM and KM, a discussion of each of the
KB-CRM domains (customer, strategy, process, people and technology) and a
proposed KB-CRM diagnostic tool, derived from further research, that is applied in a
proof on concept environment in the report.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kennis Gebaseerde Klante Verhoudings Bestuur (KG-KVB) is afgelei van Klante
Verhoudings Bestuur (KVB) en Kennis Bestuur (KB) wat twee belangrike
komponente van vandag se besigheids model uitmaak. In die studie verslag word
die feit dat die bestuur van kennis en klante verhoudings in die onderneming direk
verwant is aan die sukses van die onderneming behandel en word 'n poging
aangewend om die betekenis van KG-KVB te verstaan, wat die domeine daarvan is
en hoe KG-KVB gediagnoseer kan word in die onderneming.
Gebaseer op 'n literatuur studie word die volgende definisie van KG-KVB in die
verslag afgelei: Om die onderneming kennis-bevoegd te maak om persoonlike en
geintegreerde verkoops, diens en bemarkings prosesse te verskaf om nuwe klante
te kan verwerf, die regte bestaande klante te kan behou en om die verhouding met
bestaande en moontlike klante by elke aanrakings punt te groei op enige tyd of enige
plek om waarde toe te voeg vir die klant en vir die onderneming.
Die studie verslag bestaan uit 'n literatuur studie van KVB en KB, 'n bespreking van
die domeine van KG-KVB (die klant, strategie, prosesse, mense en tegnologie) en 'n
voorgestelde KG-KVB dianoserings instrument wat afgelei is uit verdere navorsing
en toegepas is in 'n "bewys-van-konsep" in die verslag.
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Ruberry, Michael Edward. "Prediction Markets: Theory and Applications." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11174.
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In this thesis I offer new results on how we can acquire, reward, and use accurate predictions of future events. Some of these results are entirely theoretical, improving our understanding of strictly proper scoring rules (Chapter 3), and expanding strict properness to include cost functions (Chapter 4). Others are more practical, like developing a practical cost function for the [0, 1] interval (Chapter 5), exploring how to design simple and informative prediction markets (Chapter 6), and using predictions to make decisions (Chapter 7).<br>Engineering and Applied Sciences
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Caigny, Arno de. "Innovation in customer scoring for the financial services industry." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A011.
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Cette thèse améliore la notation des clients. L’évaluation des clients est importante pour les entreprises dans leurs processus de prise de décision parce qu'elle aide à résoudre des problèmes de gestion clés tels que le choix des clients à cibler pour une campagne de marketing ou l'analyse des clients qui sont susceptibles de quitter l'entreprise. La recherche effectuée dans le cadre de cette thèse apporte plusieurs contributions dans trois domaines de la littérature sur la notation des clients. Premièrement, de nouvelles sources de données sont utilisées pour évaluer les clients. Deuxièmement, la méthodologie pour passer des données aux décisions est améliorée. Troisièmement, la prédiction des événements courants du client est proposée comme une nouvelle application de la notation des clients. Tous les résultats présentés dans cette thèse sont issus de données réelles et sont non seulement d'une grande valeur académique, mais aussi d'une grande pertinence commerciale<br>This dissertation improves customer scoring. Customer scoring is important for companies in their decision making processes because it helps to solve key managerial issues such as the decision of which customers to target for a marketing campaign or the assessment of customer that are likely to leave the company. The research in this dissertation makes several contributions in three areas of the customer scoring literature. First, new sources of data are used to score customers. Second, methodology to go from data to decisions is improved. Third, customer life event prediction is proposed as a new application of customer scoring
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Horbach, Andrea [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Pinkal. "Analyzing short-answer questions and their automatic scoring - studies on semantic relations in reading comprehension and the reduction of human annotation effort / Andrea Horbach ; Betreuer: Manfred Pinkal." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1194371906/34.
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Tsang, Wai-man Malcolm. "The relation between the effectiveness of performance assessment scoring system (PASS) and the attitudes of assessors /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949184.
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Tsang, Wai-man Malcolm, and 曾煒民. "The relation between the effectiveness of performance assessment scoring system (PASS) and the attitudes of assessors." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251821.
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OlLIVEIRA, NETO Rosalvo Ferreira de. "COMOVI: um framework para transformação de dados em aplicações de credit behavior scoring baseado no desenvolvimento dirigido por modelos." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17330.
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-11<br>CAPEs<br>A etapa de pré-processamento em um projeto de descoberta do conhecimento é custosa,
em geral, consome cerca de 50 a 80% do tempo total de um projeto. É nesta etapa que um
banco de dados relacional é transformado para aplicação de um algoritmo de mineração de
dados. A transformação dos dados nesta etapa é uma tarefa complexa, uma vez que exige uma
forte integração entre projetistas de banco de dados e especialistas do domínio da aplicação. Os
frameworks que buscam sistematizar a etapa de transformação dos dados encontrados na literatura
apresentam limitações significativas quando aplicados a soluções comportamentais, como Credit
Behavior Scoring. Estas soluções visam a auxiliar as instituições financeiras a decidirem sobre
a concessão de crédito aos consumidores com base no risco das solicitações. Este trabalho
propõe um framework baseado no Desenvolvimento Dirigido por Modelos para sistematizar
esta etapa em soluções de Credit Behavior Scoring. Ele é composto por um meta-modelo que
mapeia os conceitos do domínio e um conjunto de regras de transformações. As três principais
contribuições do framework proposto são: 1) aumentar o poder discriminatório da solução,
através da construção de novas variáveis que maximizam o conteúdo estatístico da informação
do domínio; 2) reduzir o tempo da transformação dos dados através da geração automática de
código e 3) permitir que profissionais e pesquisadores de Inteligência Artificial e Estatística
realizem a transformação dos dados sem o auxílio de especialistas de Banco de Dados. Para
validar o framework proposto, dois estudos comparativos foram realizados. Primeiro, um estudo
comparando o desempenho entre os principais frameworks existentes na literatura e o framework
proposto foi realizado em duas bases de dados. Uma base de dados de um conhecido benchmark
de uma competição internacional organizada pela PKDD, e outra obtida de uma das maiores
empresas de varejo do Brasil, que possui seu próprio cartão de crédito. Os frameworks RelAggs
e Validação de Múltiplas Visões Baseado em Correção foram escolhidos como representantes
das abordagens proposicional e mineração de dados relacional, respectivamente. A comparação
foi realizada através do processo de validação cruzada estratificada, para definir os intervalos de
confiança para a avaliação de desempenho. Os resultados mostram que o framework proposto
proporciona um desempenho equivalente ou superior aos principais framework existentes, medido
pela área sob a curva ROC, utilizando uma rede neural MultiLayer Perceptron, K vizinho mais
próximos e Random Forest como classificadores, com um nível de confiança de 95%. O segundo
estudo verificou a redução de tempo proporcionada pelo framework durante a transformação dos
dados. Para isso, sete times compostos por estudantes de uma universidade brasileira mensuraram
o tempo desta atividade com e sem o framework proposto. O teste pareado Wilcoxon Signed-Rank
mostrou que o framework proposto reduz o tempo de transformação com um nível de confiança
de 95%.<br>The pre-processing stage in knowledge discovery projects is costly, generally taking
between 50 and 80% of total project time. It is in this stage that data in a relational database are
transformed for applying a data mining technique. This stage is a complex task that demands
from database designers a strong interaction with experts who have a broad knowledge about
the application domain. The frameworks that aim to systemize the data transformation stage
have significant limitations when applied to behavior solutions such as the Credit Behavior
Scoring solutions. Their goal is help financial institutions to decide whether to grant credit to
consumers based on the credit risk of their requests. This work proposes a framework based on
the Model Driven Development to systemize this stage in Credit Behavioral Scoring solutions.
It is composed by a meta-model which maps the domain concepts and a set of transformation
rules. This work has three main contributions: 1) improving the discriminant power of data
mining techniques by means of the construction of new input variables, which embed new
knowledge for the technique; 2) reducing the time of data transformation using automatic code
generation and 3) allowing artificial intelligence and statistics modelers to perform the data
transformation without the help of database experts. In order to validate the proposed framework,
two comparative studies were conducted. First, a comparative study of performance between
the main existing frameworks found in literature and the proposed framework applied to two
databases was performed. One database from a known benchmark of an international competition
organized by PKDD, and another one obtained from one of the biggest retail companies from
Brazil, that has its own private label credit card. The RelAggs and Correlation-based Multiple
View Validation frameworks were chosen as representatives of the propositional and relational
data mining approaches, respectively. The comparison was carried out through by a 10-fold
stratified cross-validation process with ten stratified parts in order to define the confidence
intervals. The results show that the proposed framework delivers a performance equivalent or
superior to those of existing frameworks, for the evaluation of performance measured by the area
under the ROC curve, using a Multilayer Perceptron neural network, k-nearest neighbors and
Random Forest as classifiers, with a confidence level of 95%. The second comparative study
verified the reduction of time required for data transformation using the proposed framework.
For this, seven teams composed by students from a Brazilian university measured the runtime of
this stage with and without the proposed framework. The paired Wilcoxon Signed-Rank’s Test
showed that the proposed framework reduces the time of data transformation with a confidence
level of 95%.
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Spannagel, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude du système silicate décalcique-phosphate tricalcique et son intérêt dans la caractérisation et la valorisation de scories d'aciéries." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10371.
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La fabrication d'acier à partir de minerai riche en hématite conduit à une production de scories pauvres en phosphore. Afin qu’elles présentent un intérêt comme amendement engrais, nous avons étudié une méthode d'enrichissement en P₂O₅ réalisable au niveau du convertisseur. L'analyse et la caractérisation approfondie d'une scorie de conversion de fonte hématite (CFH) a permis de préciser la nature des phases et de proposer une estimation de leurs teneurs respectives ; le phosphore se retrouve principalement concentré dans des phases silicophosphates calciques du système Ca₂SiO₄-Ca₃ (PO₄)₂ Nous avons montré qu’il n'existe pas de solution solide continue entre Ca₂SiO₄-Ca₃ (PO₄)₂ mais qu’il se forme trois composés définis : - Ca₃₅ (Si0₄)₁₆ (P0₄) ₂, une nouvelle phase mise en évidence/ - la Nagelschmidtite Ca₇ (SiO₄)2 (PO₄)₂ identifiée dans les scories enrichies, dont nous avons déterminé la structure cristallographique après synthèse de monocristaux et précisé les relations structurales existant entre les différents composés du système Ca₂SiO₄ - Ca₃ (PO₄)₂ ; il existe un mécanisme de substitution du silicium par le phosphore avec création de lacunes ordonnées/ - Ca₅(Si0₄) (P0₄)₂, la silicocarnotite. L'influence, à 1300°C et 1500°C, d'ajouts sodiques synthétiques ou d'origines industrielles sur la formation et les caractéristiques des composés du système Ca₂SiO₄ -Ca₃ (P0₄)₂ a ensuite été étudiée ; l'élément sodium est principalement responsable de l'augmentation des vitesses de formation des silicophosphates calciques. L'étude de mélanges scorie CFH - ajouts à haute température a montré que: - l'enrichissement en phosphate aluminocalcique joue un rôle important sur la nature, la composition, la morphologie et la répartition des phases formées/ - l'introduction d'un ajout modifie la répartition du phosphore entre les différentes phases. Ils s'avèrent, lors de l'étude de la solubilité citrique de ces produits, que ces modifications influencent le rendement en phosphore biodisponible ; la sélectivité de l'attaque citrique a été mieux comprise.
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Broomé, Kevin, and Laverd Gorges. "Covid-19:s effekter på kreditbedömningen till SME:s." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177276.
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IntroduktionSME:s är en stor bidragande roll för den svenska välfärden genom stora skatteintäkter och arbetstillfällen. Det nya Baselregelverket har de senaste åren lett till en större svårighet för SME:s att få finansiering av bankerna. Bankerna är mer restriktiva vid finansiell utlåning eftersom dem själva behöver uppfylla kraven om kapital och likviditetshantering. Samtidigt har pandemin drabbat SME:s ekonomiska ställning negativt och finansiering i form av krediter kan vara en avgörande roll för företagens överlevnad. SyfteSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur covid-19 påverkat kreditbedömningen hos kreditgivare till SME:s. MetodStudien utgår ifrån en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi med en deduktiv ansats där empirin har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. SlutsatsStudien visar på att pandemin har kommit att påverka kreditbedömningen genom att majoriteten av bankerna har större acceptans för försämrade siffror. Större vikt läggs på SME:s framtida affärsmöjligheter genom att studera branschen i stort. Vidare har långvariga kundrelationer underlättat bankernas kreditbedömning. Statliga åtgärder och regleringar har inte haft någon väsentlig påverkan på kreditbedömningen under pandemin. KunskapsbidragStudien är ett empiriskt baserat kunskapsbidrag ämnad för att öka förståelse och kunskap om pandemins effekter på kreditbedömningen till SME:s. Denna studie har även kommit att bidra till ett nytt perspektiv på forskningsområdet och att fylla det forskningsgap om brist på forskning kring kreditbedömning i svensk kontext under pandemin. Hur kreditgivarens kreditbedömning går till under pandemin är ett kunskapsbidrag för många aktörer.<br>Introduction SME's play a major contributing role to Swedish welfare through large tax revenues and jobs. The new Basel regulations have in recent years led to a greater difficulty for SMEs in obtaining financing from the banks. Banks are more restrictive in financial lending because they need to meet the requirements for capital and liquidity management. At the same time, the pandemic has negatively affected SME's financial position and financing in the form of credit can play a crucial role in corporate survival. Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate how covid-19 affected the credit rating of creditors to SMEs. Method The study is based on a qualitative research strategy with a deductive approach where the empirical data has been collected through semi-structured interviews. Conclusion The study shows that the pandemic has affected credit ratings by the majority of banks having greater acceptance of deteriorating figures. Greater emphasis is placed on SME's future business opportunities by studying the industry as a whole. Furthermore, long-term customer relationships have facilitated the banks' credit assessment. Government measures and regulations have not had any significant impact on the credit assessment during the pandemic. Contribution The study is an empirically based knowledge contribution intended to increase understanding and knowledge about the pandemic's effects on the credit assessment to SME's. This study has also contributed to a new perspective in the field of research and to fill the research gap on lack of research on credit assessment in the Swedish context during the pandemic. How the creditor's credit assessment is done during the pandemic is a knowledge contribution for many actors.
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Boussena, Lyes. "Etude par spectroscopie d'impédance du comportement d'armatures galvanisées dans des mortiers hydrauliques." Cergy-Pontoise, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CERG0121.
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Notre travail a consiste a etudier le comportement d'armatures galvanisees dans des mortiers hydrauliques par spectroscopie par impedance. Nous avons utilise un nouveau procede de galvanisation appele procede delot. Celui-ci nous a permis d'obtenir une couche superficielle de zinc particulierement homogene avec absence de couches intermetalliques fe-zn evitant ainsi la formation de micropiles. Ce type de galvanisation presente une meilleure tenue en milieux basiques que la galvanisation classique. La spectroscopie par impedance nous a permis d'etudier l'evolution de l'armature galvanisee ainsi que celle du mortier d'enrobage contamine ou non par des ions agressifs. Les mesures de resistance d'enrobage montrent clairement que la fumee de silice reduit la porosite du liant hydrate. L'effet est optimum pour des teneurs de 10-20% de fumee de silice. L'introduction de quantites croissantes de chlorures alcalins se traduit par une fixation des ions chlore par les aluminates et les alumino-ferrites du ciment sous forme de monochloroaluminate (sel de friedel). La capacite de fixation des ions chlore atteint un maximum pour une teneur de 2,5% de chlorures en poids de ciment. L'ajout des sulfates conduit a la formation d'ettringite qui contribue initialement a la diminution de la porosite. L'introduction de quantites importantes de laitier par rapport au clinker conduit a un accroissement de la compacite pour des durees de cure superieures a 7 jours.
Books on the topic "Scoring relations"
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Scoring for Britain: International football and international politics, 1900-1939. F. Cass, 1999.
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Tufféry, Stéphane. Data Mining et Scoring : Bases de données et gestion de la relation client. Dunod, 2003.
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Lehman, Frank. Hollywood Harmony. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190606398.001.0001.
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Film music represents one of the few remaining underexplored frontiers for the field of music theory. Discovering its inner workings from a theoretical perspective is imperative if we wish to understand its tremendous effects on the ears (and eyes) of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Hollywood Harmony applies for the first time the tools of contemporary music theory and analysis to this corpus in a thorough and systematic way. In order to help readers appreciate how film music works, this study enlists a number critical apparatuses, ranging from abstract theoretical description to psychological models and sensitive close reading. It argues that matters of musical structure in film are matters of musical meaning, and pitch relations are inherently expressive, always somehow collaborating with visuals and narrative. One harmonic idiom, pantriadic chromaticism, plays an especially important role in the “Hollywood Sound,” and much of this study is dedicated to understanding its aesthetic and expressive content—of which the elicitation of a feeling of wonder is paramount. For better understanding of this tonal practice on a rigorous level, the transformational tools of neo-Riemannian theory are introduced and applied in an accessible and novel way. Neo-Riemannian theory emphasizes musical change and gesture over fixed objects or structures, and by recognizing the innate spatiality of musical experience in extended-tonal settings, it serves as an excellent lens through which to inspect film music. The works of a diverse assortment of composers are examined, with particular attention given to recent “New Hollywood” scoring practices.
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Adam, Sheila, Sue Osborne, and John Welch. Evaluating evidence and quality of care in the critical care unit. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696260.003.0016.
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Critical care nurses and the whole multidisciplinary team have a responsibility to ensure that they use the most appropriate treatments and care procedures, to continually evaluate the effectiveness and value of the interventions they perform and the care they give, and to aim for continuous improvement of their service. This chapter discusses how research should be applied in practice, key principles of audit, quality assurance and quality improvement, standard setting, illness severity scoring systems, and the prediction and measurement of patient outcomes. The challenges of managing long-term patients and ethical issues, such as treatment withdrawal, bereavement, and care of relatives, are also reviewed
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Hannon, Breffni. Cost Savings Associated with Palliative Care (DRAFT). Edited by Nathan A. Gray and Thomas W. LeBlanc. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190658618.003.0007.
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Although the clinical benefits associated with hospital-based palliative care (PC) consultation teams are well established, few studies address the potential economic impact of these services. This study aimed to examine the effect of hospital-based PC teams on hospital costs for patients who died in the hospital, as well as for those discharged alive. Eight diverse hospital settings with established PC teams were chosen, and administrative data relating to direct costs (including laboratory, diagnostic imaging, pharmacy, and intensive care unit [ICU] costs) were analyzed. Propensity scoring was used to match PC patients with usual care (UC) patients. Of 2,630 PC patients who were discharged alive, net savings of $2,642 per admission were calculated, compared with 18,427 UC patients. For the 2,278 PC patients who died in the hospital, savings of $4,908 per admission were seen, when compared with 2,124 UC patients, confirming the additional economic benefits associated with hospital-based PC teams.
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Babb, Florence E., and Virginia Vargas. Women's Place in the Andes. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520298163.001.0001.
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Florence E. Babb’s Women’s Place in the Andes draws on long-term anthropological research to develop an analytical framework for reexamining the accumulated research of several decades—her own and that of others—on the complex and often ambiguous interworkings of gender, race, and indigeneity in Andean Peru. She deftly interweaves five new analytical chapters with six of her previously published works that exemplify changing currents in feminist and anthropological thought. She contends that discussion of ethnic and racial inequality in Peru has largely overlooked gender differences and draws on decolonial feminism to redress this problem and offer fresh new insights. She starts from the proposition that Euro-American categories of analysis are not sufficient to shed light on intercultural differences in the past and present context of exclusionary practices in Peru. Instead, she looks to the global South to find inspiration and tools for rethinking intersecting inequalities in relation to her ethnographic work. What emerges is a deeper understanding of the iconic Andean women—who are subjects of both national pride and everyday scorn and neglect—and of gender and race more broadly in Latin America.
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Talisse, Robert B. Sustaining Democracy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197556450.001.0001.
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Democracy is hard work. It can flourish only when citizens actively participate in the business of collective self-government. Yet political participation gives rise to deep political divides over core political values. In the midst of these divisions, citizens are required to recognize one another as political equals, as fellow participants who are entitled to an equal share of political power. Research shows that political engagement exposes citizens to forces that erode their capacities to regard their political opponents as their equals. In the course of democratic participation, we come to see our opponents as inept and ill-motivated, ultimately unfit for democracy. This tendency is especially pronounced among those who are the most politically active. Democratic citizenship thus can undermine itself. With this conflict at the heart of democratic citizenship, we must actively pursue justice while also treating those who embrace injustice as our equals. Sustaining Democracy navigates this conflict. It begins by exploring partisanship and polarization, the two mechanisms by which citizens come to regard their opponents as unsuited for democracy. It then proposes strategies by which citizens can mitigate these forces without dampening their political commitments. As it turns out, the same forces that lead us to scorn our opponents can also undermine and fracture our political alliances. If we are concerned to further justice, we need to uphold civil relations with our opponents, even when we despise their political views. If we want to preserve our political friendships, we must sustain democracy with our foes.
Book chapters on the topic "Scoring relations"
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Mirshahi, Soheyla, and Nhung Cao. "Fuzzy Relational Compositions Can Be Useful for Customers Credit Scoring in Financial Industry." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91479-4_3.
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Baetens, Ton, and Jan Maessen. "Putting Communication and Soft Tools into Managerial Scoring Scope: Hurdles and Opportunities for Combining Communication and Managerial Insights (KPIs)." In Advances in Public Relations and Communication Management. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s2398-391420160000001009.
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Palmer, Landon. "Sound and Vision." In Rock Star/Movie Star. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190888404.003.0005.
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Chapter 4 focuses on the first decade of David Bowie’s feature screen career in order to examine the changing industrial and aesthetic relationships of narrative feature filmmaking to popular music between the 1970s and 1980s. Using six of Bowie’s starring feature film roles between 1976 and 1986, this chapter explores broadening nonmusical roles for rock stars onscreen. Such casting was made possible in a context in which rock music had become normalized on film soundtracks, absent the rock star’s onscreen performance. This chapter draws connections across the economic and aesthetic relations of popular music and cinema from the popularization of the composite score in the 1970s (that is, film scoring with popular songs rather than orchestral music) to the synergistic organization of film and music industries in the 1980s, demonstrating how composite scoring set the stage for synergy organized around MTV. In this context, rock stars’ screen performances became less tied to the previous types of roles explored in this volume: composite scoring and synergy both expanded and standardized the nondiegetic prominence of rock music within film, and such practices meant that the industrial imperatives that constitute rock stars’ relationships to film no longer necessitated those stars’ onscreen performances of music. Analyzing how his dramatic and musical film performances intersected with his rock star image, this chapter explores Bowie’s variegated screen roles in terms of how rock stars’ industrial and textual functions no longer required cogent alignment.
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Nesaragi, Naimahmed, and Shivnarayan Patidar. "An Explainable Machine Learning Model for Early Prediction of Sepsis Using ICU Data." In Infectious Diseases and Sepsis [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98957.
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Early identification of individuals with sepsis is very useful in assisting clinical triage and decision-making, resulting in early intervention and improved outcomes. This study aims to develop an explainable machine learning model with the clinical interpretability to predict sepsis onset before 6 hours and validate with improved prediction risk power for every time interval since admission to the ICU. The retrospective observational cohort study is carried out using PhysioNet Challenge 2019 ICU data from three distinct hospital systems, viz. A, B, and C. Data from A and B were shared publicly for training and validation while sequestered data from all three cohorts were used for scoring. However, this study is limited only to publicly available training data. Training data contains 15,52,210 patient records of 40,336 ICU patients with up to 40 clinical variables (sourced for each hour of their ICU stay) divided into two datasets, based on hospital systems A and B. The clinical feature exploration and interpretation for early prediction of sepsis is achieved using the proposed framework, viz. the explainable Machine Learning model for Early Prediction of Sepsis (xMLEPS). A total of 85 features comprising the given 40 clinical variables augmented with 10 derived physiological features and 35 time-lag difference features are fed to xMLEPS for the said prediction task of sepsis onset. A ten-fold cross-validation scheme is employed wherein an optimal prediction risk threshold is searched for each of the 10 LightGBM models. These optimum threshold values are later used by the corresponding models to refine the predictive power in terms of utility score for the prediction of labels in each fold. The entire framework is designed via Bayesian optimization and trained with the resultant feature set of 85 features, yielding an average normalized utility score of 0.4214 and area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.8591 on publicly available training data. This study establish a practical and explainable sepsis onset prediction model for ICU data using applied ML approach, mainly gradient boosting. The study highlights the clinical significance of physiological inter-relations among the given and proposed clinical signs via feature importance and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) plots for visualized interpretation.
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Ibrahim, Muhammad, and Manzur Murshed. "From Tf-Idf to Learning-to-Rank." In Handbook of Research on Innovations in Information Retrieval, Analysis, and Management. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8833-9.ch003.
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Ranking a set of documents based on their relevances with respect to a given query is a central problem of information retrieval (IR). Traditionally people have been using unsupervised scoring methods like tf-idf, BM25, Language Model etc., but recently supervised machine learning framework is being used successfully to learn a ranking function, which is called learning-to-rank (LtR) problem. There are a few surveys on LtR in the literature; but these reviews provide very little assistance to someone who, before delving into technical details of different algorithms, wants to have a broad understanding of LtR systems and its evolution from and relation to the traditional IR methods. This chapter tries to address this gap in the literature. Mainly the following aspects are discussed: the fundamental concepts of IR, the motivation behind LtR, the evolution of LtR from and its relation to the traditional methods, the relationship between LtR and other supervised machine learning tasks, the general issues pertaining to an LtR algorithm, and the theory of LtR.
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Ibrahim, Muhammad, and Manzur Murshed. "From Tf-Idf to Learning-to-Rank." In Business Intelligence. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9562-7.ch063.
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Ranking a set of documents based on their relevances with respect to a given query is a central problem of information retrieval (IR). Traditionally people have been using unsupervised scoring methods like tf-idf, BM25, Language Model etc., but recently supervised machine learning framework is being used successfully to learn a ranking function, which is called learning-to-rank (LtR) problem. There are a few surveys on LtR in the literature; but these reviews provide very little assistance to someone who, before delving into technical details of different algorithms, wants to have a broad understanding of LtR systems and its evolution from and relation to the traditional IR methods. This chapter tries to address this gap in the literature. Mainly the following aspects are discussed: the fundamental concepts of IR, the motivation behind LtR, the evolution of LtR from and its relation to the traditional methods, the relationship between LtR and other supervised machine learning tasks, the general issues pertaining to an LtR algorithm, and the theory of LtR.
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Vandersman, Priyanka, Lua Perimal-Lewis, and Jennifer Tieman. "Is There an App for That? A Scoping Review of Apps for Care Workers in the Aged Care Sector." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210035.
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Objective: To identify and review phone applications (apps) that could be used by care workers to help them plan and provide palliative care in the aged and community care setting. Methods: A scoping review. Searches were conducted in App Store and Google Play to identify apps relevant to care workers in the context of palliative and end of life care provision. Relevant apps were downloaded and evaluated. Apps allowing full access were additionally ranked against the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS). Information relating to the app as listed in the app stores were also extracted. Results: Of the 1,168 identified apps, only eight could be shortlisted for inclusion. The included apps were mostly English language and developed in high-income countries. The apps were primarily aimed at information provision, with limited content on palliative and end of life care. It was unclear if any of the apps were underpinned by evidence or theoretical frameworks, and none disclosed information on the app development process including involvement of end-users. The mean MARS score for full-access apps was 3.94, with the app iNotice for Carers scoring the highest score of 4.1. Conclusion: Currently available care worker apps appear to have limited functionality and scope in relation to palliative and end of life care. There is opportunity for a co-designed care-worker app development endeavour that is underpinned by robust evidence, and has high-level usability and relevance.
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Karaiskos, Dionysios E., Konstantinos I. Evangelinos, Panagiotis Vouros, and Ioannis E. Nikolaou. "The New Framework for the Compulsory Publication of Sustainability Reports." In Cases on Corporate Social Responsibility and Contemporary Issues in Organizations. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7715-7.ch003.
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This chapter examines how the changes from voluntary to mandatory corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting influence the quantity and quality of disclosed CSR information. Furthermore, it examines the adaptation level for CSR reports in relation to the requirements of the regulatory regime. To do so, a research agenda is designed through the relative literature in order to make clear the challenges and barriers of the changes of the CSR reporting regime as well as a framework is developed to evaluate the progress of CSR reports within the new regime. This research is based on a scoring and benchmarking methodology which is tested in a sample of 23 Greek firms which systematically publish CSR reports the last five years. It is worth noting that a mandatory regime from CSR reporting has been lately introduced in Greece by integrating into Greek Law (4403/2016) the European Union Directive 2014/95/EU which requires Greek firms with over 10 employees to publish CSR reports on a mandatory basis.
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Pamela, K. Poppleton, and G. W. Pilkington. "A Comparison of Four Methods of Scoring an Attitude Scale in Relation to its Reliability and Validity." In Scaling. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315128948-26.
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Gomula, Joanna. "Introductory Note." In The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2018. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190072506.003.0022.
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In 2017 panel and Appellate Body reports were adopted in nine disputes. The disputes concerned alleged violations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade of 1994 (GATT 1994), the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement), the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement), the Anti-Dumping Agreement, and the Agreement on Agriculture. Four of the disputes concerned restrictions placed on the importation of animal products (mainly poultry and pigs), such as licensing requirements and import restrictions, tariff rate quotas established following re-negotiations with principal suppliers, and SPS measures. The dispute over a ban on importation of pigs featured an important issue relating to the “regionalization” of SPS measures. Two disputes provided clarification as to the relationship between WTO agreements, in particular, the relationship between GATT 1994 and the Agreement on Agriculture. The year 2017 also saw another case in the “series” of the Airbus/Boeing subsidies disputes, with the United States scoring a victory over the European Union.
Conference papers on the topic "Scoring relations"
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DI, Shimin, Quanming YAO, Yongqi ZHANG, and Lei CHEN. "Efficient Relation-aware Scoring Function Search for Knowledge Graph Embedding." In 2021 IEEE 37th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icde51399.2021.00100.
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Larabi, Mohamed-Chaker, and Louise Quoirin. "Relation between bitrate, motion and framerate for scoring of image sequences." In Electronic Imaging 2008, edited by Susan P. Farnand and Frans Gaykema. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.766659.
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Viradanti, Tersia, and Yudith Yunia Kusmala. "The Relation Between D-dimer Level and Chest X-Ray (CXR) Scoring in COVID-19 Patients:." In 12th Annual Scientific Meeting, Medical Faculty, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, International Symposium on "Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Response during COVID 19 Pandemic" (ASMC 2021)). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.210723.037.
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Minh, Tran Duc, Claudia D'Amato, Andrea G. B. Tettamanzi, and Nguyen Thanh Binh. "Constructing Metrics for Evaluating Multi-Relational Association Rules in the Semantic Web from Metrics for Scoring Association Rules." In 2019 IEEE-RIVF International Conference on Computing and Communication Technologies (RIVF). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rivf.2019.8713682.
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Pellissier Tanon, Thomas, Daria Stepanova, Simon Razniewski, Paramita Mirza, and Gerhard Weikum. "Completeness-aware Rule Learning from Knowledge Graphs." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/749.
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Knowledge graphs (KGs) are huge collections of primarily encyclopedic facts that are widely used in entity recognition, structured search, question answering, and similar. Rule mining is commonly applied to discover patterns in KGs. However, unlike in traditional association rule mining, KGs provide a setting with a high degree of incompleteness, which may result in the wrong estimation of the quality of mined rules, leading to erroneous beliefs such as all artists have won an award. In this paper we propose to use (in-)completeness meta-information to better assess the quality of rules learned from incomplete KGs. We introduce completeness-aware scoring functions for relational association rules. Experimental evaluation both on real and synthetic datasets shows that the proposed rule ranking approaches have remarkably higher accuracy than the state-of-the-art methods in uncovering missing facts.
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He, Yongquan, Peng Zhang, Luchen Liu, Qi Liang, Wenyuan Zhang, and Chuang Zhang. "HIP Network: Historical Information Passing Network for Extrapolation Reasoning on Temporal Knowledge Graph." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/264.
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In recent years, temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning has received significant attention. Most existing methods assume that all timestamps and corresponding graphs are available during training, which makes it difficult to predict future events. To address this issue, recent works learn to infer future events based on historical information. However, these methods do not comprehensively consider the latent patterns behind temporal changes, to pass historical information selectively, update representations appropriately and predict events accurately. In this paper, we propose the Historical Information Passing (HIP) network to predict future events. HIP network passes information from temporal, structural and repetitive perspectives, which are used to model the temporal evolution of events, the interactions of events at the same time step, and the known events respectively. In particular, our method considers the updating of relation representations and adopts three scoring functions corresponding to the above dimensions. Experimental results on five benchmark datasets show the superiority of HIP network, and the significant improvements on Hits@1 prove that our method can more accurately predict what is going to happen.
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Das, Saikat. "Low dose radiation and chemotherapy significantly reduces hypoxic cell population in locally advanced cervix cancer-results of a phase II study." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685259.
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Introduction: Tumor hypoxia is one of the major causes of high incidence of treatment failures to chemoradiation which is the standard of care in locally advanced cervical cancer. The necessity of newer treatment options that can circumvent hypoxia is highly relevant in this group. Use of low dose radiation to enhance the efficacy of cell cycle specific chemotherapy by mechanism of chemopotentiation is one of the elegant approaches reported in the literature. We have already published the feasibility, efficacy and tolerance of low dose radiation and chemotherapy in neoadjuvant setting in cervical cancer. In this report we evaluated the role of this novel treatment regimen in reducing the hypoxic tumor cell population in cervical cancer. Methods: Total 24 patients with stage IIB-IIIB squamous cell carcinoma cervix were treated with initial 2 cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin and concurrent low dose radiotherapy prior to standard chemoradiation. Response was assessed clinically, radiologically (by MRI) and pathologically (four quadrant representative punch biopsy from the cervix) after 3 weeks of neoadjuvant treatment prior to chemoradiation. Immunohistochemistry of HIF-1a was done in the biopsy samples to determine the proportion, intensity and scoring of hypoxic cells. Results: The proportion of positivity of base line HIF-1α was 42% (10 out of 24 patients). Low, moderate and high expressions were seen in 8%, 17% and 17% respectively. We observed nuclear positivity in 20%, and fine granular perinuclear cytoplasmic positivity in 80% cases. We failed to observe any association between expressions of HIF 1α in relation to the distance from blood vessels in tumor cord. The average age of patients in hypoxia positive and negative groups were 51.7 vs 48.36 yrs (p > 0.05). There was no difference of mean hemoglobin level (11.3 to 11.1, p > 0.05.) or MRI based tumor volume at baseline (57.1 vs. 52.4, p > 0.05) in HIF 1α positive and negative groups respectively. Low dose radiation and chemotherapy significantly reduced the tumor volume in bulky hypoxic tumors. The tumor volume reduction rate (TVRR) was significantly higher in hypoxic group (TVRR HIF_neg vs. TVRR HIF_pos 68.9 vs. 86.3, p = 0.02, t-test). There was significant improvement of diffusion MRI derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in hypoxic tumors with low dose radiation and chemotherapy (0.75 vs. 1.27, p = 0.12, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Median score of percentage of hypoxic cells after neoadjuvant treatment were significantly higher in patients who developed subsequent local recurrence than the rest of the group (77% vs. 5% p = 0.009, Mann Whitney U test). Conclusion: Overall all HIF 1 positivity was 42% in the present study. A predominantly perinuclear pattern of HIF 1 staining was found in cervix cancer. Low dose radiation and chemotherapy significantly reduced the hypoxic tumor bulk in cervical cancer.