Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Scoring relations'

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Knowledge Based Customer Relationship Management (KB-CRM) is derived from Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Knowledge Management (KM) that are two crucial components of today's enterprise business models. This report explores the fact that the management of the knowledge in the enterprise and customer relationship management is directly related to the success of the enterprise and attempts to understand the meaning of KB-CRM, what the domains are, and how to diagnose KB-CRM. Based on the research the following definition for KBCRM is derived in the report: To knowledge-enable the enterprise to provide personalised and integrated sales, service and marketing processes to acquire new customers, retain the right existing customers and to grow the relationships with existing customers at every touch point, anytime and anywhere to add value to both the customer and the organisation. The report contains a literature survey of CRM and KM, a discussion of each of the KB-CRM domains (customer, strategy, process, people and technology) and a proposed KB-CRM diagnostic tool, derived from further research, that is applied in a proof on concept environment in the report.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kennis Gebaseerde Klante Verhoudings Bestuur (KG-KVB) is afgelei van Klante Verhoudings Bestuur (KVB) en Kennis Bestuur (KB) wat twee belangrike komponente van vandag se besigheids model uitmaak. In die studie verslag word die feit dat die bestuur van kennis en klante verhoudings in die onderneming direk verwant is aan die sukses van die onderneming behandel en word 'n poging aangewend om die betekenis van KG-KVB te verstaan, wat die domeine daarvan is en hoe KG-KVB gediagnoseer kan word in die onderneming. Gebaseer op 'n literatuur studie word die volgende definisie van KG-KVB in die verslag afgelei: Om die onderneming kennis-bevoegd te maak om persoonlike en geintegreerde verkoops, diens en bemarkings prosesse te verskaf om nuwe klante te kan verwerf, die regte bestaande klante te kan behou en om die verhouding met bestaande en moontlike klante by elke aanrakings punt te groei op enige tyd of enige plek om waarde toe te voeg vir die klant en vir die onderneming. Die studie verslag bestaan uit 'n literatuur studie van KVB en KB, 'n bespreking van die domeine van KG-KVB (die klant, strategie, prosesse, mense en tegnologie) en 'n voorgestelde KG-KVB dianoserings instrument wat afgelei is uit verdere navorsing en toegepas is in 'n "bewys-van-konsep" in die verslag.

In this thesis I offer new results on how we can acquire, reward, and use accurate predictions of future events. Some of these results are entirely theoretical, improving our understanding of strictly proper scoring rules (Chapter 3), and expanding strict properness to include cost functions (Chapter 4). Others are more practical, like developing a practical cost function for the [0, 1] interval (Chapter 5), exploring how to design simple and informative prediction markets (Chapter 6), and using predictions to make decisions (Chapter 7).<br>Engineering and Applied Sciences

Cette thèse améliore la notation des clients. L’évaluation des clients est importante pour les entreprises dans leurs processus de prise de décision parce qu'elle aide à résoudre des problèmes de gestion clés tels que le choix des clients à cibler pour une campagne de marketing ou l'analyse des clients qui sont susceptibles de quitter l'entreprise. La recherche effectuée dans le cadre de cette thèse apporte plusieurs contributions dans trois domaines de la littérature sur la notation des clients. Premièrement, de nouvelles sources de données sont utilisées pour évaluer les clients. Deuxièmement, la méthodologie pour passer des données aux décisions est améliorée. Troisièmement, la prédiction des événements courants du client est proposée comme une nouvelle application de la notation des clients. Tous les résultats présentés dans cette thèse sont issus de données réelles et sont non seulement d'une grande valeur académique, mais aussi d'une grande pertinence commerciale<br>This dissertation improves customer scoring. Customer scoring is important for companies in their decision making processes because it helps to solve key managerial issues such as the decision of which customers to target for a marketing campaign or the assessment of customer that are likely to leave the company. The research in this dissertation makes several contributions in three areas of the customer scoring literature. First, new sources of data are used to score customers. Second, methodology to go from data to decisions is improved. Third, customer life event prediction is proposed as a new application of customer scoring

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-12T12:11:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_Rosalvo_Neto_CIN_2015.pdf: 7674683 bytes, checksum: 99037c704450a9a878bcbe93ab8b392d (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-12T12:11:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_Rosalvo_Neto_CIN_2015.pdf: 7674683 bytes, checksum: 99037c704450a9a878bcbe93ab8b392d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-11<br>CAPEs<br>A etapa de pré-processamento em um projeto de descoberta do conhecimento é custosa, em geral, consome cerca de 50 a 80% do tempo total de um projeto. É nesta etapa que um banco de dados relacional é transformado para aplicação de um algoritmo de mineração de dados. A transformação dos dados nesta etapa é uma tarefa complexa, uma vez que exige uma forte integração entre projetistas de banco de dados e especialistas do domínio da aplicação. Os frameworks que buscam sistematizar a etapa de transformação dos dados encontrados na literatura apresentam limitações significativas quando aplicados a soluções comportamentais, como Credit Behavior Scoring. Estas soluções visam a auxiliar as instituições financeiras a decidirem sobre a concessão de crédito aos consumidores com base no risco das solicitações. Este trabalho propõe um framework baseado no Desenvolvimento Dirigido por Modelos para sistematizar esta etapa em soluções de Credit Behavior Scoring. Ele é composto por um meta-modelo que mapeia os conceitos do domínio e um conjunto de regras de transformações. As três principais contribuições do framework proposto são: 1) aumentar o poder discriminatório da solução, através da construção de novas variáveis que maximizam o conteúdo estatístico da informação do domínio; 2) reduzir o tempo da transformação dos dados através da geração automática de código e 3) permitir que profissionais e pesquisadores de Inteligência Artificial e Estatística realizem a transformação dos dados sem o auxílio de especialistas de Banco de Dados. Para validar o framework proposto, dois estudos comparativos foram realizados. Primeiro, um estudo comparando o desempenho entre os principais frameworks existentes na literatura e o framework proposto foi realizado em duas bases de dados. Uma base de dados de um conhecido benchmark de uma competição internacional organizada pela PKDD, e outra obtida de uma das maiores empresas de varejo do Brasil, que possui seu próprio cartão de crédito. Os frameworks RelAggs e Validação de Múltiplas Visões Baseado em Correção foram escolhidos como representantes das abordagens proposicional e mineração de dados relacional, respectivamente. A comparação foi realizada através do processo de validação cruzada estratificada, para definir os intervalos de confiança para a avaliação de desempenho. Os resultados mostram que o framework proposto proporciona um desempenho equivalente ou superior aos principais framework existentes, medido pela área sob a curva ROC, utilizando uma rede neural MultiLayer Perceptron, K vizinho mais próximos e Random Forest como classificadores, com um nível de confiança de 95%. O segundo estudo verificou a redução de tempo proporcionada pelo framework durante a transformação dos dados. Para isso, sete times compostos por estudantes de uma universidade brasileira mensuraram o tempo desta atividade com e sem o framework proposto. O teste pareado Wilcoxon Signed-Rank mostrou que o framework proposto reduz o tempo de transformação com um nível de confiança de 95%.<br>The pre-processing stage in knowledge discovery projects is costly, generally taking between 50 and 80% of total project time. It is in this stage that data in a relational database are transformed for applying a data mining technique. This stage is a complex task that demands from database designers a strong interaction with experts who have a broad knowledge about the application domain. The frameworks that aim to systemize the data transformation stage have significant limitations when applied to behavior solutions such as the Credit Behavior Scoring solutions. Their goal is help financial institutions to decide whether to grant credit to consumers based on the credit risk of their requests. This work proposes a framework based on the Model Driven Development to systemize this stage in Credit Behavioral Scoring solutions. It is composed by a meta-model which maps the domain concepts and a set of transformation rules. This work has three main contributions: 1) improving the discriminant power of data mining techniques by means of the construction of new input variables, which embed new knowledge for the technique; 2) reducing the time of data transformation using automatic code generation and 3) allowing artificial intelligence and statistics modelers to perform the data transformation without the help of database experts. In order to validate the proposed framework, two comparative studies were conducted. First, a comparative study of performance between the main existing frameworks found in literature and the proposed framework applied to two databases was performed. One database from a known benchmark of an international competition organized by PKDD, and another one obtained from one of the biggest retail companies from Brazil, that has its own private label credit card. The RelAggs and Correlation-based Multiple View Validation frameworks were chosen as representatives of the propositional and relational data mining approaches, respectively. The comparison was carried out through by a 10-fold stratified cross-validation process with ten stratified parts in order to define the confidence intervals. The results show that the proposed framework delivers a performance equivalent or superior to those of existing frameworks, for the evaluation of performance measured by the area under the ROC curve, using a Multilayer Perceptron neural network, k-nearest neighbors and Random Forest as classifiers, with a confidence level of 95%. The second comparative study verified the reduction of time required for data transformation using the proposed framework. For this, seven teams composed by students from a Brazilian university measured the runtime of this stage with and without the proposed framework. The paired Wilcoxon Signed-Rank’s Test showed that the proposed framework reduces the time of data transformation with a confidence level of 95%.

La fabrication d'acier à partir de minerai riche en hématite conduit à une production de scories pauvres en phosphore. Afin qu’elles présentent un intérêt comme amendement engrais, nous avons étudié une méthode d'enrichissement en P₂O₅ réalisable au niveau du convertisseur. L'analyse et la caractérisation approfondie d'une scorie de conversion de fonte hématite (CFH) a permis de préciser la nature des phases et de proposer une estimation de leurs teneurs respectives ; le phosphore se retrouve principalement concentré dans des phases silicophosphates calciques du système Ca₂SiO₄-Ca₃ (PO₄)₂ Nous avons montré qu’il n'existe pas de solution solide continue entre Ca₂SiO₄-Ca₃ (PO₄)₂ mais qu’il se forme trois composés définis : - Ca₃₅ (Si0₄)₁₆ (P0₄) ₂, une nouvelle phase mise en évidence/ - la Nagelschmidtite Ca₇ (SiO₄)2 (PO₄)₂ identifiée dans les scories enrichies, dont nous avons déterminé la structure cristallographique après synthèse de monocristaux et précisé les relations structurales existant entre les différents composés du système Ca₂SiO₄ - Ca₃ (PO₄)₂ ; il existe un mécanisme de substitution du silicium par le phosphore avec création de lacunes ordonnées/ - Ca₅(Si0₄) (P0₄)₂, la silicocarnotite. L'influence, à 1300°C et 1500°C, d'ajouts sodiques synthétiques ou d'origines industrielles sur la formation et les caractéristiques des composés du système Ca₂SiO₄ -Ca₃ (P0₄)₂ a ensuite été étudiée ; l'élément sodium est principalement responsable de l'augmentation des vitesses de formation des silicophosphates calciques. L'étude de mélanges scorie CFH - ajouts à haute température a montré que: - l'enrichissement en phosphate aluminocalcique joue un rôle important sur la nature, la composition, la morphologie et la répartition des phases formées/ - l'introduction d'un ajout modifie la répartition du phosphore entre les différentes phases. Ils s'avèrent, lors de l'étude de la solubilité citrique de ces produits, que ces modifications influencent le rendement en phosphore biodisponible ; la sélectivité de l'attaque citrique a été mieux comprise.

IntroduktionSME:s är en stor bidragande roll för den svenska välfärden genom stora skatteintäkter och arbetstillfällen. Det nya Baselregelverket har de senaste åren lett till en större svårighet för SME:s att få finansiering av bankerna. Bankerna är mer restriktiva vid finansiell utlåning eftersom dem själva behöver uppfylla kraven om kapital och likviditetshantering. Samtidigt har pandemin drabbat SME:s ekonomiska ställning negativt och finansiering i form av krediter kan vara en avgörande roll för företagens överlevnad. SyfteSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur covid-19 påverkat kreditbedömningen hos kreditgivare till SME:s. MetodStudien utgår ifrån en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi med en deduktiv ansats där empirin har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. SlutsatsStudien visar på att pandemin har kommit att påverka kreditbedömningen genom att majoriteten av bankerna har större acceptans för försämrade siffror. Större vikt läggs på SME:s framtida affärsmöjligheter genom att studera branschen i stort. Vidare har långvariga kundrelationer underlättat bankernas kreditbedömning. Statliga åtgärder och regleringar har inte haft någon väsentlig påverkan på kreditbedömningen under pandemin. KunskapsbidragStudien är ett empiriskt baserat kunskapsbidrag ämnad för att öka förståelse och kunskap om pandemins effekter på kreditbedömningen till SME:s. Denna studie har även kommit att bidra till ett nytt perspektiv på forskningsområdet och att fylla det forskningsgap om brist på forskning kring kreditbedömning i svensk kontext under pandemin. Hur kreditgivarens kreditbedömning går till under pandemin är ett kunskapsbidrag för många aktörer.<br>Introduction SME's play a major contributing role to Swedish welfare through large tax revenues and jobs. The new Basel regulations have in recent years led to a greater difficulty for SMEs in obtaining financing from the banks. Banks are more restrictive in financial lending  because  they  need  to  meet  the  requirements  for  capital  and  liquidity management. At the same time, the pandemic has negatively affected SME's financial position and financing in the form of credit can play a crucial role in corporate survival.  Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate how covid-19 affected the credit rating of creditors to SMEs.  Method The study is based on a qualitative research strategy with a deductive approach where the empirical data has been collected through semi-structured interviews.  Conclusion The study shows that the pandemic has affected credit ratings by the majority of banks having  greater acceptance of deteriorating figures. Greater emphasis is placed on SME's future business opportunities by studying the industry as a whole. Furthermore, long-term customer relationships have facilitated the banks' credit assessment. Government measures and regulations have not had any significant impact on the credit assessment during the pandemic.  Contribution The study is an empirically based knowledge contribution intended to increase understanding and knowledge about the pandemic's effects on the credit assessment to SME's. This study has also contributed to a new perspective in the field of research and to fill the research gap on lack of research on credit assessment in the Swedish context during the pandemic. How the creditor's credit assessment is done during the pandemic is a knowledge contribution for many actors.

Notre travail a consiste a etudier le comportement d'armatures galvanisees dans des mortiers hydrauliques par spectroscopie par impedance. Nous avons utilise un nouveau procede de galvanisation appele procede delot. Celui-ci nous a permis d'obtenir une couche superficielle de zinc particulierement homogene avec absence de couches intermetalliques fe-zn evitant ainsi la formation de micropiles. Ce type de galvanisation presente une meilleure tenue en milieux basiques que la galvanisation classique. La spectroscopie par impedance nous a permis d'etudier l'evolution de l'armature galvanisee ainsi que celle du mortier d'enrobage contamine ou non par des ions agressifs. Les mesures de resistance d'enrobage montrent clairement que la fumee de silice reduit la porosite du liant hydrate. L'effet est optimum pour des teneurs de 10-20% de fumee de silice. L'introduction de quantites croissantes de chlorures alcalins se traduit par une fixation des ions chlore par les aluminates et les alumino-ferrites du ciment sous forme de monochloroaluminate (sel de friedel). La capacite de fixation des ions chlore atteint un maximum pour une teneur de 2,5% de chlorures en poids de ciment. L'ajout des sulfates conduit a la formation d'ettringite qui contribue initialement a la diminution de la porosite. L'introduction de quantites importantes de laitier par rapport au clinker conduit a un accroissement de la compacite pour des durees de cure superieures a 7 jours.

博士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>運動與休閒管理研究所<br>102<br>Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the power relations created in the evolution of electronic taekwondo protection. Foucault’s point of view on power was adopted when investigating the relationships between technology and justice. Methods: Documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews, and field research were used in this study. Documentary analysis was used in the investigation of the properties of the different electronic protective systems. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to determine how the different electronic scoring systems affect Taekwondo competitions. Taekwondo competitors, taekwondo coaches and technicians of the taekwondo electronic protection systems were interviewed. Training camps and competitions were used as a reflection field in order to understand the data from the documentation and interviews. Results: 1. The protection evolved steadily during the period of traditional taekwondo protection but then changed dramatically in the period of electronic taekwondo protection. However, there is not a clear distinction between the periods of traditional and electronic protection. 2. In the traditional taekwondo protection system, competitors used “taekwondo skill”, but in the new taekwondo protection systems they needed to develop “electronic taekwondo skill”. 3. The different periods of taekwondo protection systems have seen the development of different competition skills, knowledge, and power. During the period of traditional protection, competition knowledge was that understood by people directly involved in a match, but in the period of electronic protection, competition knowledge has become that known by people not traditionally involved in a match. 4. The power in competitions using the traditional taekwondo protection system was held by judges and the WTF; however, with the advent of electronic protection systems, more power has fallen under the sway of external elements. Conclusion: 1. Technology and power are intrinsically linked, and this relationship results in both justice and injustice in taekwondo competitions. Technology has become a veil to various power relationships and is only masquerading as a means of achieving justice. 2. Technology cannot, therefore, solve the problem of injustice. Justice becomes a topic for discussion among various power points. Technology acts as Justice’s double but can lead to both injustice and injustice. Suggestion: 1. Expose the degree to which power in taekwondo competitions can be manipulated to affect justice or injustice. 2. Try to use electronic protection systems to allow the return of traditional Taekwondo skills to competitions. 3. Training units should establish an intelligence gathering group. 4. The training knowledge of different electronic protection systems should be developed. 5. The Taekwondo international competition rules should be translated to Chinese and published on internet simultaneously.

The nationwide strike by 70 000 construction workers between 8 and 15 July 2009 was unprecedented and significant in several respects. This was the first national strike on 2010 World Cup sites by South African construction workers and was therefore an historic event. A second key feature of the strike was the unity displayed by workers and trade unions within a sector organised by several trade unions. Engineering and building workers came out on strike, with the Building Construction & Allied Workers Union (BCAWU) and the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) standing together as their representative organisations. A third feature of the strike was the widespread sympathy for it by the South African public and media. This was despite it potentially setting back progress with World Cup projects. Fourthly, the pressure placed upon the trade unions' negotiating team by the Ministry of Labour and the FIFA Local Organising Committee (LOC) proved lethal in undermining their, assisting in causing them to dilute their trade union demands and demobilising the national strike.

碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>運動競技學系<br>96<br>The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between scoring factors and match results that Chinese Taipei Women’s Volleyball Team undergoes in Asian Game Doha 2006. In this study, the winning percentage of Chinese Taipei Women’s Volleyball Team in six games is taken as reference functions, and scoring factors (Spike, Block, Serve and Opponent error), as comparable functions. And the results go as follows: 1. The proper order of scoring factors of Chinese Taipei Women’s Volleyball Team are: A. Spike: the total score is (300); and the average scores, (12.82). B. Opponent Error: the total score is (116); and the average scores, (5.12). C. Block: the total score is (54); and the average scores, (2.26). D. Serve: the total score is (17); and the average scores, (0.69). 2. The correlations between scoring factors and match results can be found by applying Grey Relational Analysis. The proper orders of scoring factors that influence match results of Chinese Taipei Women’s Volleyball Team in Asian Game Doha 2006 are: spike (r1＝0.86), opponent (r4＝0.83), block (r2＝0.73), serve (r3＝0.57). By this study, it is easy to find that Block and Serve don’t make high scores in the scoring factors so that it will become necessary to improve related training program in these two techniques.

碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>運動科學研究所<br>101<br>Background: Throughout the world, high-level games are the stage all athletes dream of, and the center of fans' attention. Besides the breathtaking performance of the players, those who are interested in volleyball and understand the sport can acquire the information they need for improving their own skills by watching the games. However, the contents of volleyball games are complicated. The focus of a sports science researcher is how to acquire the valuable information in the games and how to make use of it. Purpose of the study: Dividing the games in the highest-level championship in the world, and the highest-level championship in Taiwan into groups according to the gender of the players and the scores difference of the games. The types of scoring, numbers of the waves of attack, and scoring situations in a game were examined in relation to game results. Method: The videos of 2012 London Olympics Volleyball matches and the 8th Top Volleyball League in Taiwan were used to record data. The analysis of variances were conducted (significant level =. 05). Results: In an even match, the main scoring type of a team is always spike regardless the game results. There are differences in the numbers of waves of attack between men and women volleyball games—one-wave scoring is dominant in men's games and multi-wave scoring is dominant in women's games. When there is a greater score difference between the two teams, the result of the game influences the type of scoring, the numbers of waves of attack, and the scoring situation. The key factors responsible for the result of the game includes the four types of scoring other than fouls, the scores gained with multi-wave attacks, and the numbers of scores won when serving for the point. Conclusion: By using notational analysis to define types of scoring, numbers of waves of attack, scoring situations, and discuss the content of high-level volleyball games, prominent differences can be found between men's and women's games as well as among teams with different skill levels. In the further discussion of the factors responsible for the match results, data show that the scoring patterns in volleyball games can be classified into groups, and that only grasping every perspective can lead to victory. By using the research methods in this study to define, observe, and analyze the contents of games in a more precise and detailed way, one can acquire more important messages. This is a possibility for future study on athletic performance.

碩士<br>臺北巿立體育學院<br>競技運動訓練研究所<br>101<br>Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the different effects and correlations of service ace, attack score, block point and opponent’s error rate of the top 8 women’s volleyball teams in 2012 Olympics. Methods: Descriptive statistics, Spearman rank order correlation, one-way ANOVA were employed for statistical analyses. Results: 1. The Japanese team ranked first with averaged service ace of 1.25. The American team ranked first for having block point of 3.19. The Russian team ranked first for having average opponent’s error rate of 5.33. 2. No significant correlation of the total score and attack score, block point and opponent’s error rate was found. 3. The correlation of the attack score and the total score was significantly high with Brazil .916, the United States .847, Japan .950, Korea .810, China .943, Italy .783, Russia .928 and Dominica .647. 4. The different scoring techniques among the top women’s volleyball teams in 2012 Olympics were not found in the study, including service ace with the technique significance of .382, attack score with technique significance of .744, opponents’error rate with technique significance of .833, and block point with technique significance of .016. Conclusion: Attack score is one of the most requirements when it comes to getting or losing points, especially when the rules of the game are changing gradually. Using great teamworks and blocking skills are also highly correlatedwith better results. To sum up, attack and blocking techniques are key points to a volleyball game from the study.