Journal articles: 'Scott Polar Research Institute. Library'

1

Galpin, Valerie. "SPRILIB: a new look for the Scott Polar Research Institute library." Polar Record 23, no. 146 (May 1987): 601–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400008123.

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Porter, Martin, and Valerie Galpin. "Relevance feedback in a public access catalogue for a research library: Muscat at the Scott Polar Research Institute." Program 22, no. 1 (January 1988): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb046983.

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Warren, Isabella. "Building a Regional Collection: The Case of the Library of the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge." Slavic & East European Information Resources 3, no. 2-3 (March 2002): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j167v03n02_03.

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Berkman, Paul Arthur. "Arctic Ocean Geopolitics Programme, Scott Polar Research Institute." Polar Record 45, no. 4 (October 2009): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224740900864x.

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The Arctic Ocean is crossing an environmental threshold from a permanently ice covered to seasonally ice free ocean during summer, with emerging geopolitical interactions of relevance to international peace and stability. In response, the Arctic Ocean Geopolitics Programme was initiated at the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, in September 2008 with the following objectives: 1)to enhance cooperation in an international, interdisciplinary and inclusive manner among existing research teams that are focusing on Arctic Ocean geopolitics;2)to provide parliamentary, governmental, civil-society and industry audiences with objective analyses of environmental security issues and alternative responses in the Arctic Ocean; and3)to identify lessons from the Arctic Ocean regarding the governance dynamics of nation states and international spaces beyond national jurisdiction.

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Wright, John. "Britain in the Arctic: a Scott Polar Research Institute conference." Polar Record 26, no. 159 (October 1990): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400011839.

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Stocker, Mark. "‘These had most to give’: Kathleen Scott's sculpture at the Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge." Polar Record 51, no. 1 (September 2, 2013): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247413000570.

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ABSTRACTThe bronze sculpture variously known as These had most to give, Aspiration and Youth, stands in the forecourt of the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) in Cambridge, and functions as a memorial to the British Antarctic Expedition polar party of 1911–1912. It is one of the most important works by Kathleen Scott, wife of Robert Falcon Scott, and a prominent and prolific sculptor. Originally intended as a war memorial and dating from 1922–1923, it received critical acclaim and was exhibited widely. Ten years later Kathleen Scott offered the sculpture to the SPRI to accompany its new building. The institute's committee of management wished to reject the gift, however, as its members considered it too successful in conveying ‘death and martyrdom and in general the tragic side of Polar work’, as Frank Debenham stated, rather than scientific research and discovery. After prolonged discussions with the institute's architect, Herbert Baker, who admired Kathleen Scott and this work, it was finally accepted and installed as inconspicuously as possible. This article reconstructs the historical background to the sculpture and the controversy that surrounded it, using primary source material. The relevance of the objections to the sculpture, as well as its positive qualities, are also briefly examined from a modern perspective.

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Lewis-Jones, Huw. "Freeze Frame: historic polar images." Polar Record 43, no. 4 (October 2007): 366–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247407006924.

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ABSTRACTSince the development of photography in the mid-nineteenth century, exploration has created iconic images of the polar regions. A new two-year research project, entitled Freeze Frame, using the world-class collections at the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, will bring this remarkable visual culture forward for new audiences.

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Wadhams, Peter. "The Marginal Ice Zone Experiment (MIZEX) 1984: Scott Polar Research Institute participation." Polar Record 22, no. 140 (May 1985): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400005957.

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AbstractThe Sea Ice Group of the Scort Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, took part in the international Marginal Ice Zone Experiment 1984 (MIZEX 84) from 12 June to 26 July, operating from icebreaker FS Polarstern and chartered sealing vessel Kvitbjørn in the Greenland Sea. Observations included measurement of ice edge kinetics, wave-ice interactions and upper ocean structure and processes; ocean surface measurements and pressure ridge profile studies were also made in the same area during a post-MIZEX cruise in MS Lance.

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Rees, W. G. "A new bipolar map projection." Polar Record 41, no. 3 (July 2005): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247405004614.

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This paper discusses map projections suitable for representing the whole of the Earth's surface while drawing particular attention to the polar regions, and proposes a new projection. The projection is a latitudinally distorted variant of the transverse Mollweide projection, relative to which it roughly doubles the linear scale and trebles the areal coverage of the polar regions. It was adopted by the Scott Polar Research Institute in 2005.

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Dahl, Justiina, Peder Roberts, and Lize-Marié van der Watt. "Is there anything natural about the polar?" Polar Record 55, no. 5 (September 2019): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247419000652.

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AbstractAre similarities of temperature, snow and ice cover, and (certain) marine mammals sufficient to warrant both polar regions being considered a single object of study or governance? We argue that their treatment as a unit is an invitation to examine the motivations behind the choice to be polar rather than Arctic or Antarctic. For individuals such as James Clerk Ross or Roald Amundsen, logistical requirements and analogous goals facilitated careers spanning both the Arctic and the Antarctic. This trend continued through the 20th century as individual scientists studying phenomena such as glaciers, sea ice, or aurora defined their research as “polar” in nature. Organisations such as the Scott Polar Research Institute and Norwegian Polar Institute could draw on traditions of national exploration in both polar regions, while the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute in St. Petersburg gained its southern mandate with the importance of the International Geophysical Year. By comparison, neither the Arctic Institute in Copenhagen nor the Argentine Antarctic Institute felt any need to become polar. The creation of polar identity is ultimately a matter of geopolitics, of the value states see in instruments and symbols that speak to polar rather than Arctic or Antarctic interests. In cases such as Finland’s icebreaker industry, a technological capability justified Antarctic interest even without any national research tradition. We conclude by asking whether there is anything more natural about the polar regions than there is about the concept of a “tripolar” world in which the high alpine regions form a natural unit along with the Arctic and Antarctic.

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Richardson, Mike. "John Arnfield Heap, CMG." Polar Record 42, no. 3 (July 2006): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247406005468.

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John Heap's whole working career was one devoted to the polar regions, primarily the Antarctic — as scientist, then as a distinguished, internationally respected polar diplomat, and finally to holding the Directorship of the Scott Polar Research Institute in Cambridge (Fig. 1). Much of the stability and innovative development of the Antarctic Treaty System during the crucial period of the 1970s and 1980s can be attributed to Heap's long tenure as Head of the UK Delegation to successive Antarctic Treaty meetings.

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Rottier, P. "SPRI participation in the Winter Marginal Ice Zone Experiment, MIZEX-87." Polar Record 25, no. 152 (January 1989): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400009955.

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AbstractThis article outlines the Marginal Ice Zone Experiments (MIZEX), which began in 1983, and summarizes research investigations in Fram Strait during the most recent MIZEX of March and April 1987, involving members of the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI). An important field of investigation was ambient noise in the ice-edge region and the physical processes which produce it.

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Drewry, David J. "Gordon de Quetteville Robin." Polar Record 41, no. 2 (April 2005): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247405004225.

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Gordon de Quetteville Robin died on 21 September 2004 at the age of 83. During his life he contributed significantly and innovatively to his own academic subject of glaciology and, persuaded of the high value of cooperation between national groups at an early age, promoted actively and effectively the cause of international collaboration in Antarctica. He raised the profile and contribution to polar research of the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, to a new peak during his influential directorship between 1958 and 1982.

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Cruwys, Liz, and Beau Riffenburgh. "Charles Swithinbank: glaciologist." Polar Record 38, no. 206 (July 2002): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400017782.

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AbstractThis is the second in a series of biographies entitled ‘Children of the Golden Age,’ the purpose of which is to describe the background and contributions of significant living figures in polar research who began their scientific careers in the years following World War II. Born on 17 November 1926 in Burma, Charles Winthrop Molesworth Swithinbank attended Bryanston School in Dorset before joining the Royal Navy in 1944. He read geography at the University of Oxford and was named assistant glaciologist for the Norwegian-British-Swedish Expedition (1949–52). After completing his DPhil, he joined the Scott Polar Research Institute, where he studied ice distribution in the Northwest Passage. Moving to the University of Michigan (1959–63), he led three expeditions to the Ross Ice Shelf before becoming the first British exchange scientist with the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (1963–65). Returning to the Scott Polar Research Institute, he developed a glaciological programme that led to his appointment as chief glaciologist of the British Antarctic Survey. He became head of the Earth Sciences Division in 1974, a post he held until his retirement in 1986. Swithinbank's contributions to Antarctic science include studies of the deformation, flow, and thickness of glaciers and the interpretation of satellite imagery. He served as president of the International Glaciological Society (1981–84) and has received a number of honours and awards.

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Brazzelli, Nicoletta. "Introduzione. Scienza, esplorazione ed eroismo: Robert Falcon Scott al Polo Sud." ACME - Annali della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia dell’Università degli Studi di Milano, no. 03 (December 2012): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7358/acme-2012-003-braz.

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The centenary of Scott’s arrival at the South Pole in 1912 and of his tragic death during the return journey has been celebrated through exhibitions and conferences, while a general reassessment of Scott’s figure has been provided by several scholars. In particular, the scientific role of the 1910-12 British Antarctic expedition is now emphasized: Scott’s aim was not only to reach the Pole but especially to collect data and geological specimens of a completely unknown continent. This introduction focuses on the scientific dimension of Scott’s enterprise, giving special attention to the role of photography, employed during the expedition as a tool of scientific exploration, and to the crucial impact of photographs on the modern perception of the Antarctic. Another important point concerns the Scott Polar Research Institute (Cambridge, UK), founded in 1920 to commemorate Scott, that laid the foundations of Polar studies and pioneered scientific research throughout the twentieth century.

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Connelly, Charlotte, and Claire Warrior. "Survey stories in the history of British polar exploration: museums, objects and people." Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science 73, no. 2 (November 28, 2018): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0038.

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This essay considers the two institutions that, between them, contain the most significant collections relating to British polar exploration in the UK: the Scott Polar Research Institute and the National Maritime Museum. A discussion of the differences between the two institutions, from their foundations to the substance of their collections, is followed by an indication of their similarities—particularly relating to the interpretation of the objects of exploration in museums, including artefacts of science and surveying. Histories of exploration, particularly in the polar regions, have been dominated by stories of individual sacrifice and achievement. This is despite the origins of many of the expeditions being rooted in scientific goals. This paper considers the role of survey stories within narratives of exploration, and the challenges that curators face in presenting them to audiences who continue to be drawn in by stories of well-known figures such as Scott and Amundsen.

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Tarver, Michael C. "Terra Nova: the ship's bell, figure-head, standard compass and binnacle." Polar Record 43, no. 1 (January 2007): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247406226068.

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This note reports on the three relics of Terra Nova, the vessel of R. F. Scott's last expedition, that still exist. These are the ship's bell, which is in the Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge, the figurehead held by the National Museum of Wales in Cardiff and the standard compass and binnacle in the Royal Navy's School of Navigation, Portsmouth.

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Stone, Ian R. "Editorial." Polar Record 50, no. 4 (September 15, 2014): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247414000473.

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I write with the aim of keeping subscribers and readers informed about forthcoming changes concerning Polar Record, the journal of the Scott Polar Research Institute, that is published by Cambridge University Press. Many will be aware that the journal dates from 1931 and that its name arises from the need to record activity in polar areas, and in those days this largely consisted in setting out the heroic deeds of the various pioneering expeditions. The very first issue (priced at 1 shilling or 5 pence in today's currency!) contained information about Mawson's British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition, Byrd's first Antarctic Expedition and referred to the then recent deaths of Nansen, Sverdrup and Royds.

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Riffenburgh, Beau. "To those who have made Polar Record." Polar Record 42, no. 2 (April 2006): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247406005134.

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It is often an advantage of retiring that one finally is able to say things that have long been on one's mind and to acknowledge those who have contributed to one's career or profession. Better yet is retiring as an editor of a journal or magazine, because then those thoughts and the mention of significant individuals can be recorded on paper for posterity. Having just retired after some 14 years as editor of Polar Record, I am pleased to be in that position now, because there are many people — both before my tenure and during it — who deserve mention for their contributions to what this special and very visible aspect of the Scott Polar Research Institute has become and to how it will develop.

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Jones, Max. "Why do the British still remember Scott of the Antarctic?" ACME - Annali della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia dell’Università degli Studi di Milano, no. 03 (December 2012): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7358/acme-2012-003-jone.

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The announcement of the death of the British polar explorer Captain Robert Scott on his return from the South Pole, which he had reached on 17 January 1912, caused a sensation in Britain and around the world. Although he lost the race to the South Pole to a Norwegian party led by Roald Amundsen, the recent centenary of Scott’s last expedition aroused widespread interest not only in Britain but around the world. This paper examines why the British public continues to consume Scott’s story, with particular reference to the period since 1945. Part one examines how Scott’s story has been adapted to the cultural context of post-imperial Britain, in part by emphasising the scientific aims of his last expedition. Part two moves on to emphasise how this new emphasis was supported by the Royal Geographical Society and the Scott Polar Research Institute, and drew on the extensive material culture and striking visual record left by the Terra Nova expedition.

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Drewry, D. J., and O. Liestøl. "Glaciological investigations of surging ice caps in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard, 1983." Polar Record 22, no. 139 (January 1985): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400005611.

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AbstractDuring spring 1983 a joint British-Norwegian expedition from the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) and the Norsk Polarinstitutt (NP) undertook a programme of glaciological research in the Svalbard archipelago. Work focussed on obtaining airborne radio echo sounding measurements using a newly-constructed digital system and some reconnaissance observations (temperatures, net mass budgets and ice velocities) on the ice caps of Nordaustlandet for the investigation of their surging behaviour. Valley glaciers in Spitsbergen and the ice cap on Kvitøya were also sounded from the air.

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Nielsen, Hanne, and Elizabeth Leane. "‘Scott of the Antarctic’ on the German Stage: Reinhard Goering's Die Südpolexpedition des Kapitäns Scott." New Theatre Quarterly 29, no. 3 (July 31, 2013): 278–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x13000468.

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Reinhard Goering's play Die Südpolexpedition des Kapitäns Scott (1929) tells the story of the famously tragic British polar expedition led by Robert F. Scott in 1911–12. As the first public staging of the story, the play created considerable controversy in Britain when it premiered in Berlin in 1930. A late Expressionist drama, it offered perspectives on the expedition quite different to those coming out of Scott's homeland. In this article, Hanne Nielsen and Elizabeth Leane contextualize the play within Goering's own career; outline its performance history; examine its reception in both Germany and Britain; and analyze the play text in terms of its innovative treatment of Scott's story. Hanne Nielsen is a postgraduate student at Gateway Antarctica, University of Canterbury. Her background is in Antarctic Studies and German literature and she is currently undertaking a study of representations of Antarctica on stage. Elizabeth Leane is a Senior Lecturer in English at the University of Tasmania, where she holds a research position split between the School of Humanities and the Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies. She has written and edited several books, most recently Antarctica in Fiction (Cambridge University Press).

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Cruwys, Liz. "Henry Grinnell and the American Franklin searches." Polar Record 26, no. 158 (July 1990): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400011451.

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AbstractHenry Grinnell (1799–1874), a retired New York shipping magnate, maintained for 20 years a correspondence with Jane Franklin, wife of the British explorer Sir John Franklin whose ships Erebus and Terror were lost in the Arctic some time after 1845. Grinnell financed two United States expeditions and two searches by Charles Francis Hall to the Arctic to collect information on the fate of the Franklin expedition. Grinnell's letters, now held in the archives of the Scott Polar Research Institute, form the basis of this article.

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Cruwys, Liz, and Beau Riffenburgh. "Bernard Stonehouse: biologist, writer, and educator." Polar Record 38, no. 205 (April 2002): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224740001754x.

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AbstractThis is the first in a series of biographies entitled ‘Children of the Golden Age’, the purpose of which is to describe the background and contributions of a number of significant living figures in polar research, all of whom began their scientific careers and earned their Antarctic spurs in the years following World War II. Bernard Stonehouse was born in Hull on 1 May 1926. Joining the Royal Navy in 1944, he trained as a pilot, and in 1946–50 served as meteorologist, second pilot, dog-sledger, and ultimately biologist with the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, mainly from Base E, Stonington Island, Antarctic Peninsula. His first biological investigation was a winter study of breeding emperor penguins. Returning to Britain in 1950 he read zoology and geology at University College, London. Doctoral research at the Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology and Merton College, Oxford, involved an 18-month field study of king penguins on South Georgia. Between 1960 and 1968, as senior lecturer, later reader, in zoology, at University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, he continued Antarctic and sub-Antarctic research in McMurdo Sound and on the New Zealand southern islands. A Commonwealth Research Fellowship at the University of British Columbia, 1970–71, gave him opportunities for research in the Yukon. After developing undergraduate and postgraduate studies in environmental science at the University of Bradford, 1972–83, he joined the Scott Polar Research Institute as editor of Polar Record, thereafter forming the Institute's Polar Ecology and Management Group, and heading a long-term study on the ecological impacts of polar tourism. At SPRI he continues to combine the two factors that have always played an important part in his life: working in polar regions and communicating with the general public on issues of biology, the environment, and conservation.

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Collins, David N., and G. de Q. Robin. "The Climatic Record in Polar Ice Sheets: A Study of Isotopic and Temperature Profiles in Polar Ice Sheets Based on a Workshop Held in the Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge." Geographical Journal 151, no. 2 (July 1985): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/633556.

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Nicol, Sue. "FACE TO FACE: POLAR PORTRAITS. Huw Lewis-Jones. 2009. Cambridge: Scott Research Polar Institute and Polarworld. 288p., illustrated, soft cover. ISBN 978-090-102107-6. £25.00." Polar Record 46, no. 4 (December 4, 2009): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247409990453.

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Williams, R. G., N. R. Davis, and S. C. Moore. "The Coordinated Eastern Arctic Experiment: SPRI sea-ice studies." Polar Record 26, no. 158 (July 1990): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224740001144x.

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AbstractDuring March and April 1989 a two-man team from the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) took part in the oceanography ice camp phase of the Office of Naval Research-sponsored Coordinated Eastern Arctic Experiment (CEAREX). The aim of the experiment was to measure with strainmeters and tiltmeters the interaction between oceanic internal waves and sea ice. Arrays of these instruments were deployed to measure horizontal strain and vertical tilt fields continuously over a 29-day period. The resulting time series show quite clearly internal wavelike activity indicating that a strong coupling mechanism exists. Other interesting phenomena are evident in the data with timę-scales varying from seconds to several days.

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Bamber, J. L. "Enhanced Radar Scattering From Water Inclusions In Ice." Journal of Glaciology 34, no. 118 (1988): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000007048.

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Abstract It is believed that water-filled cavities on the scale of decimetres are present in a number of glaciers in Spitsbergen. The evidence for this hypothesis comes from airborne radio echo-sounding records collected by the Scott Polar Research Institute in 1983. The size of these cavities prevents the use of Rayleigh scattering theory and requires a more general analysis. Mie scattering theory is used to investigate the scattered power providing some unexpected results, the most significant of which is that for water bodies greater than approximately 0.25 m in radius the returned power from the volume illuminated is greater than that from a perfectly reflecting plane boundary.

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Bamber, J. L. "Enhanced Radar Scattering From Water Inclusions In Ice." Journal of Glaciology 34, no. 118 (1988): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000007048.

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AbstractIt is believed that water-filled cavities on the scale of decimetres are present in a number of glaciers in Spitsbergen. The evidence for this hypothesis comes from airborne radio echo-sounding records collected by the Scott Polar Research Institute in 1983. The size of these cavities prevents the use of Rayleigh scattering theory and requires a more general analysis. Mie scattering theory is used to investigate the scattered power providing some unexpected results, the most significant of which is that for water bodies greater than approximately 0.25 m in radius the returned power from the volume illuminated is greater than that from a perfectly reflecting plane boundary.

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Rapley, Christopher. "Seen from the Sky - Satellite Remote Sensing of Polar Regions. R. Massom. 1991. London, Belhaven Press and Scott Polar Research Institute. (Polar Research Series). 307 p, illustrated, hard cover. ISBN 1-85293-179-5. £39.50." Polar Record 28, no. 164 (January 1992): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224740002043x.

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Wadhams, P., and D. R. Crane. "SPRI participation in the Winter Weddell Gyre Study 1989." Polar Record 27, no. 160 (January 1991): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400019835.

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AbstractThe Winter Weddell Gyre Study was conducted by an international group of scientists, including members of the Scott Polar Research Institute, from FS Polarstern (FRG) in September and October 1989, in collaboration with RV Akademk Federov (USSR). This was a multi-disciplinary experiment involving biologists, chemists, oceanographers and meteorologists. The SPRI involvement centred on sea-ice research, involving both our own experiments and a programme carried out in collaboration with the other research groups on board. The SPRI programme involved measuring ice thickness; studying the under-ice topography with an upward looking sidescan sonar; investigating the acceleration, tilt and strain of the ice; deploying Argos buoys; aerial photography; iceberg tracking; and two acoustic experiments, one to record ambient noise and the other to acoustically measure the ice thickness.

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Siegert, M. J., J. A. Dowdeswell, M. R. Gorman, and N. F. McIntyre. "An inventory of Antarctic sub-glacial lakes." Antarctic Science 8, no. 3 (September 1996): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102096000405.

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An extensive analogue database of 60 MHz radio-echo sounding records of Antarctica (covering 50% of the ice sheet) is held at the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge. This database was analysed in order to determine the presence and location of Antarctic sub-glacial lakes. In total, 77 sub-glacial lake-type records were identified, 13 more than detected in previous studies. An inventory of these sub-glacial lakes includes geographical coordinates, minimum length and overlying ice thickness for each lake. Information concerning the location of these lakes indicates that the majority (~70%) are found in the proximity of ice divides at Dome C and Ridge B within East Antarctica.

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Franckx, Erik. "Northern Waters - The Soviet Maritime Arctic. L. Brigham (editor). 1991. London, Belhaven Press and Scott Polar Research Institute. (Polar Research Series). 336 p, illustrated, hard cover. ISBN 1-85293-169-8. £37.50." Polar Record 28, no. 164 (January 1992): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400020398.

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Drewry, David J. "Children of the ‘Golden Age’ Gordon de Quetteville Robin." Polar Record 39, no. 1 (January 2003): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247402002814.

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This is the third in a series of biographies entitled ‘Children of the Golden Age,’ the purpose of which is to describe the background and contributions of significant living figures in polar research who began their scientific careers following World War II. Born on 17 January 1921 in Melbourne, Gordon de Quetteville Robin was educated at Wesley College and the University of Melbourne, graduating in physics with an MSc in 1942. Following submarine training in Scotland, he served in HMS Stygian in the Pacific. Soon after commencing as a research student in nuclear physics at Birmingham University, he joined the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey and was the first base commander at Signy Station in the South Orkney Islands (1947–48). In 1949–52 he was third-in-command on the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition responsible for the successful oversnow seismic ice thickness campaign. In 1958, following a brief sojourn in Canberra, he was appointed the first full-time director of the Scott Polar Research Institute in Cambridge. During the next 24 years he developed SPRI into a world-class research institute. In the austral summer 1959–60 he undertook research operating from RRS John Biscoe in the Weddell Sea into the penetration of ocean waves into pack ice. During the early 1960s he stimulated development of radio echo sounding (RES) with Dr Stan Evans, which remains the standard technique for ice-thickness measurement. He undertook experimental fieldwork in Northwest Greenland in 1964 and airborne sounding in Canada in 1966. He was responsible for organising international collaborative programmes of airborne RES in Antarctica with American air support, leading fieldwork in 1967–68, 1969–70, and 1974–75. He was elected secretary of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research in 1958, serving for 12 years, and was president between 1970 and 1974. In 1975 he developed with Dr Terence Armstrong a postgraduate course in Polar Studies at SPRI. He retired as director in 1982 and continues his interests in glaciology as a senior research associate at SPRI.

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Schultz, Donald G., Lee A. Powell, and Charles R. Bentley. "A Digital Radar System for Echo Studies On Ice Sheets." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500000628.

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A digital radar system comprising multiple microprocessors, for use with 50 MHz radar units modified from the Scott Polar Research Institute Mark IV design, is described. The major features of the system include coherent integration of radar traces, storage of data in raw digitized form without demodulation, real-time play-back of digitized information, and high system performance resulting in good spatial sampling with integration even in airborne operations. Unfocused synthetic beam shaping also results from the integration of echoes, thus reducing clutter or incoherent scattering from the sides of the beam pattern along the profiling track. Examples of data collected during the austral summer of 1985–86 in the Antarctic on ice stream B, in both ground and airborne programs, illustrate both the flexibility in data presentation and features present in the records.

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Schultz, Donald G., Lee A. Powell, and Charles R. Bentley. "A Digital Radar System for Echo Studies On Ice Sheets." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500000628.

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A digital radar system comprising multiple microprocessors, for use with 50 MHz radar units modified from the Scott Polar Research Institute Mark IV design, is described. The major features of the system include coherent integration of radar traces, storage of data in raw digitized form without demodulation, real-time play-back of digitized information, and high system performance resulting in good spatial sampling with integration even in airborne operations. Unfocused synthetic beam shaping also results from the integration of echoes, thus reducing clutter or incoherent scattering from the sides of the beam pattern along the profiling track.Examples of data collected during the austral summer of 1985–86 in the Antarctic on ice stream B, in both ground and airborne programs, illustrate both the flexibility in data presentation and features present in the records.

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Gorman, M. R., and A. P. R. Cooper. "A Digital Radio Echo-Sounding and Navigation Recording System." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500000434.

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The Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) Mk IV 60 MHz radio echo-sounding (RES) system has proven itself to be a most effective and versatile tool in glaciology. During the last 15 years, it has been used from a variety of platforms, both surface and airborne, and over a range of ice thicknesses from 4000 m to 100 m. However, the photographic recording methods used during this period were felt to be increasingly outdated in the context of modern data handling procedures. Accordingly, in late 1982 the Mk IV system was modified to incorporate fast digitizing of the RES receiver output, with microcomputer-controlled magnetic-tape recording of both the radar data and navigational inputs (Drewry and Liestøl 1985). The new system will be described, along with the improvements in data processing which have resulted from its use.

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Gorman, M. R., and A. P. R. Cooper. "A Digital Radio Echo-Sounding and Navigation Recording System." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500000434.

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The Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) Mk IV 60 MHz radio echo-sounding (RES) system has proven itself to be a most effective and versatile tool in glaciology. During the last 15 years, it has been used from a variety of platforms, both surface and airborne, and over a range of ice thicknesses from 4000 m to 100 m. However, the photographic recording methods used during this period were felt to be increasingly outdated in the context of modern data handling procedures. Accordingly, in late 1982 the Mk IV system was modified to incorporate fast digitizing of the RES receiver output, with microcomputer-controlled magnetic-tape recording of both the radar data and navigational inputs (Drewry and Liestøl 1985). The new system will be described, along with the improvements in data processing which have resulted from its use.

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Wilson, J. D., and K. C. Jezek. "Co-registration of an Antarctic digital elevation model with SSM/I brightness temperatures." Annals of Glaciology 17 (1993): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500012660.

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The Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SMM/I) instrument provides daily measures of microwave brightness temperatures Tb over the polar regions. Data are available from 1987 to the present and have a demonstrated utility for sea-ice studies. In this paper we investigate applications to polar ice sheets with a view towards correlating patterns of Tb with ice-sheet elevation. We go on to discuss the Tb signature of processes linked to temperature anomalies and accumulation zone boundaries. Our approach consists of combining SSM/I Tb values provided on CD-ROM by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) with a digital elevation model (DEM) of Antarctica derived originally from the Scott Polar Research Institute Antarctic Map Folio. We focused on 37 GHz data which is mapped onto a 316 × 332 polar stereographic grid at 25 km resolution. The DEM consists of a 281 × 281 array of elevation values with a 20 km resolution. The DEM was resampled to be compatible with the SSM/I data by transforming the elevation data from the original projection place to geodetic coordinates. The elevation data were than transformed onto the SSM/I projection plane. Elevation data were interpolated to yield ice-sheet surface heights at 25 km intervals coinciding with SSM/I point Tb assignments. By co-registering the two data sets, it is possible to “drape” the brightness temperature data over the elevation data. The resulting image highlights the relationship (and variations) between ice-sheet topography and brightness temperature.

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Wilson, J. D., and K. C. Jezek. "Co-registration of an Antarctic digital elevation model with SSM/I brightness temperatures." Annals of Glaciology 17 (1993): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500012660.

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The Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SMM/I) instrument provides daily measures of microwave brightness temperatures Tb over the polar regions. Data are available from 1987 to the present and have a demonstrated utility for sea-ice studies. In this paper we investigate applications to polar ice sheets with a view towards correlating patterns of Tb with ice-sheet elevation. We go on to discuss the Tb signature of processes linked to temperature anomalies and accumulation zone boundaries.Our approach consists of combining SSM/I Tb values provided on CD-ROM by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) with a digital elevation model (DEM) of Antarctica derived originally from the Scott Polar Research Institute Antarctic Map Folio. We focused on 37 GHz data which is mapped onto a 316 × 332 polar stereographic grid at 25 km resolution. The DEM consists of a 281 × 281 array of elevation values with a 20 km resolution. The DEM was resampled to be compatible with the SSM/I data by transforming the elevation data from the original projection place to geodetic coordinates. The elevation data were than transformed onto the SSM/I projection plane. Elevation data were interpolated to yield ice-sheet surface heights at 25 km intervals coinciding with SSM/I point Tb assignments.By co-registering the two data sets, it is possible to “drape” the brightness temperature data over the elevation data. The resulting image highlights the relationship (and variations) between ice-sheet topography and brightness temperature.

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Hamley, T. C., I. N. Smith, and N. W. Young. "Mass–Balance and Ice–Flow–Law Parameters for East Antarctica." Journal of Glaciology 31, no. 109 (1985): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000006675.

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AbstractA comprehensive set of ice-velocity and thickness data from traverses within the IAGP study area (bounded by long. 90°E. and 135°E., and north of lat. 80°S.) is compared with steady-state mass-flux calculations based on Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) map compilations.The results of previous regional mass-budget estimates are reviewed and followed by a description of the new field measurements and the basis upon which a computer “grid–point” program is used to calculate balance fluxes.A comparison of measured and balance fluxes indicates that the ice sheet in this region of East Antarctica is unlikely to be significantly out of balance.The ratio of average column to surface velocity is discussed and calculated to be 0.89.An analysis of the mean shear strain-rate (VS/Z), versus down-slope basal shear stress (τb=ρgᾱZ), suggests that power flow-law parameters ofn= 3.21 andk= 0.023 bar−nm−1are appropriate for the effective basal shear zone in this region of the Antarctic ice sheet.

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Hamley, T. C., I. N. Smith, and N. W. Young. "Mass–Balance and Ice–Flow–Law Parameters for East Antarctica." Journal of Glaciology 31, no. 109 (1985): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000006675.

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AbstractA comprehensive set of ice-velocity and thickness data from traverses within the IAGP study area (bounded by long. 90°E. and 135°E., and north of lat. 80°S.) is compared with steady-state mass-flux calculations based on Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI) map compilations.The results of previous regional mass-budget estimates are reviewed and followed by a description of the new field measurements and the basis upon which a computer “grid–point” program is used to calculate balance fluxes.A comparison of measured and balance fluxes indicates that the ice sheet in this region of East Antarctica is unlikely to be significantly out of balance.The ratio of average column to surface velocity is discussed and calculated to be 0.89.An analysis of the mean shear strain-rate (VS/Z), versus down-slope basal shear stress (τb = ρgᾱZ), suggests that power flow-law parameters of n = 3.21 and k = 0.023 bar−n m−1 are appropriate for the effective basal shear zone in this region of the Antarctic ice sheet.

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Rees, Gareth. "Introduction: The 11th International Circumpolar Remote Sensing Symposium." Polar Record 48, no. 1 (November 29, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247411000659.

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The 11th International Circumpolar Remote Sensing Symposium (ICRSS) was held at the Scott Polar Research Institute in Cambridge from 20 to 24 September 2010. The ICRSS series began in Yellowknife in 1990 and has been held biennially since then. The 2010 meeting was the sixth time it had been held in Europe and the second time in the UK, but the first time in Cambridge. 35 people attended the meeting, from 11 countries, and over 20 oral presentations were made in addition to a well-attended poster session. The majority of the oral presentations have been developed into papers and appear in this issue of Polar Record, having been subjected to the normal peer review and editorial process, and they give a fair idea of the range of topics covered at this lively meeting. Sessions at the symposium were organised around the themes of cross-platform observations, ice and snow, topography, vegetation and observations of animals. The last theme produced three fascinating presentations on the monitoring of penguins, seals and fish from spaceborne and airborne platforms. The papers in this issue address two broad areas: terrestrial ice and snow, and high-latitude vegetation (sea ice, and polar zoology, were also represented at the meeting). All of them deal to a greater or lesser extent with technological innovation in assessing, mapping and monitoring these aspects of the polar regions, and several of them focus strongly on the development of new methods, or the assessment of newly available datasets. This issue of Polar Record thus provides a limited snapshot of the ‘state of the art’ in remote sensing of polar regions. It is the result of sustained effort by the authors of the papers, and the team of anonymous reviewers. I am glad here to record my gratitude to all of them, and to the helpers at the symposium, particularly Katya Shipigina, Allen Pope and Claire Lampitt.

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Dodds, Klaus J. "Screening Antarctica: Britain, the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, andScott of the Antarctic(1948)." Polar Record 38, no. 204 (January 2002): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400017253.

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AbstractThis paper explores Ealing Studios' cinematic production about Robert Falcon Scott and theTerra Novaexpedition, released to British audiences in 1948. Under the title ofScott of the Antarctic, the film recreated the tragic failure of the expedition on its return from the South Pole. The race to the South Pole had ended with victory for Roald Amundsen and post-colonial Norway. Three decades later, Britain again found itself involved in an intense territorial competition with two post-colonial states, Argentina and Chile. In the midst of decolonisation, the postwar government under Prime Minister Clement Attlee was engaged in a ‘cold war’ in Antarctica. The Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) had been created in order to protect sovereignty claims to the Antarctic Peninsula. While some attention has been given to the cultural significance ofScott of the Antarctic, there has been little geopolitical commentary on this film. As an empty space devoid of indigenous populations, Antarctica was invitingly incomplete. Produced with the co-operation of the Scott Polar Research Institute and FIDS, this film depicted a failed imperial project at a time when Britain desperately needed scientific practices such as mapping to consolidate territorial sovereignty. The paper explores the actual filming process along with the verdicts of contemporary critics in order to make a critical appraisal of Britain's changing role in Antarctica. It is sobering to note that while FIDS was supporting the filmScott of the Antarctic, Argentina was attempting to indoctrinate a new generation of schoolchildren about the realities of the Argentine Antarctic sector.

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Anan'ev, Denis. "Problems of the Soviet Arctic Development in the Works by Anglo-American Researchers of the 1930s-1950s." Journal of Economic History and History of Economics 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 454–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-2488.2019.20(3).454-479.

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The paper objective is to analyze the works by the Anglo-American researchers (T.A. Taracouzio, T. Armstrong, C.J. Webster et al.) published in the 1930s–1950s, and to estimate their contribution to the study of the early stage of the Soviet Arctic development. These works by Western scholars are of interest to the contemporary researchers not only because they show how the ups and downs of the Soviet policy towards the Arctic were perceived and evaluated in other countries. Some conclusions drawn in the works under consideration remain relevant nowadays, such as the idea that it is impossible to address the problems of the Arctic region effectively without meaningful international cooperation. The Anglo-American specialists used a vast amount of documentary sources and research literature (for the most part, published in Russian) and covered a wide range of issues related to this topic. These issues include the history of scientific exploration; the system of governance in the Arctic in the 1920s-1950s; the economic development; the policy towards the indigenous population etc. While admitting the outstanding accomplishments of the Soviet explorers of the Arctic region, the Western authors also pointed out that there was certain continuity between the pre-revolutionary and Soviet policies implemented in the Arctic; stressed the military and strategic significance of the Arctic territories and negative human impact on the Arctic environment. Specialized scientific research centers contributed to the comprehensive study of the topic. Among such centers one should mention the Scott Polar Research Institute (Cambridge) and the Arctic Institute of North America, which prepared and published 16 volumes of «Arctic bibliography». The author concludes that the Anglo-American researchers laid a foundation for the further study of the problems related to the development of the Arctic zone of the USSR and Russian Federation.

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Heavens, Steve. "Brian Roberts and the origins of the 1959 Antarctic Treaty." Polar Record 52, no. 6 (April 8, 2016): 717–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247416000292.

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ABSTRACTDuring his lifetime and beyond, Brian Roberts was often thought to be theéminence griseof the UK's Antarctic policy and also of the founding of the 1959 Antarctic Treaty. Documentary evidence of his influence has, however, been conspicuously absent, due in part to the closure of relevant files in the UK's National Archives. Using Roberts’ personal files in the archives of the Scott Polar Research Institute in Cambridge, files in the UK National Archives that remained closed for 50 years but have recently been released, and the recollections of surviving contemporaries of Roberts, it has been possible to establish the extent of his involvement in the evolution of the treaty and to add new elements that may contribute towards a reconstruction of its complex history. From 1956 Roberts developed a productive relationship with the UK Foreign Office's Head of American Department Henry Hankey that enabled them to influence the UK policy on Antarctica and to make a significant contribution towards the political settlement represented by the treaty. For Roberts and his colleagues in the Foreign Office the main purpose of the treaty was not primarily the promotion of international scientific collaboration but was essentially a means of addressing a political situation that had become otherwise intractable.

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Benninghoff, William S. "BIOTAS Manual of Methods for Antarctic Terrestrial and Freshwater Research, Edited by D. D. Wynn-Williams, Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research. Scott Polar Research Institute, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER. 1992. 145 pages. £10. ISBN 0 948277 13 0." Antarctic Science 5, no. 1 (March 1993): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102093220156.

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Drake, F. "Satellite remote sensing of polar regions: Applications, limitations and data availability, R. Massom, Bellhaven Press (London), in association with Scott Polar Research Institute (Cambridge), and Lewis Publishers, (Boca Raton, Fl), 1991. No. of pages: 307 + xv. Price: £39.50. ISBN 1-85293-179-5." International Journal of Climatology 13, no. 7 (November 1993): 815–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370130711.

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Stonehouse, Bernard. "Monitoring shipborne visitors in Antarctica: a preliminary field study." Polar Record 28, no. 166 (July 1992): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400020672.

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ABSTRACTDuring every austral summer since the International Geophysical Year 1957–58 several thousand scientists and support staff have worked in Antarctica. A more recent development is the annual advent of 4000–5000 tourists, who now probably outnumber expedition members in the area covered by the Antarctic Treaty System. Most tourists come by ship, visiting coastal areas of the Antarctic Peninsula and the South Orkney and South Shetland islands that arc readily accessible beween November and March: smaller numbers visit the Ross Dependency and Adelie Land sectors. This article reviews Antarctic Treaty and International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) attitudes to tourism, and outlines a preliminary study of shipborne tourism between late December 1991 and March 1992 on Half Moon Island, South Shetland Islands. Within one month (January) a survey team from the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, recorded 14 visits by six tour ships, bringing more than 2000 tourists. In addition, attitudes and expectations of visitors were studied on five ships. Arising from this study, a programme of visitor monitoring is planned as a joint project between British, Chilean, and Argentine scientific institutions during the next five years. Objectives are to find ways of minimizing both short-term and long-term impacts of tourists and other visitors on breeding birds and other ecological communities, and to provide a factual basis for regulation under the Antarctic Treaty System.

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Hicks, Stephen, Bryan Storey, and Philippa Mein Smith. "Against all odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955–1958." Polar Record 49, no. 1 (December 6, 2011): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247411000660.

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ABSTRACTWhen the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955–1958 advance party sailed from the Millwall Docks in November 1955, bound for the Weddell Sea, their departure was the product of five years of intensive effort on the part of Vivian Fuchs to achieve the first overland crossing of the Antarctic continent. This paper investigates the many obstacles that had to be overcome leading up to Theron sailing and explains the manner in which they were overcome by the Fuchs-Wordie-Clifford triumvirate. The British Foreign Office was particularly opposed to the expedition with the office's focus on sovereignty rather than science while an alternative proposal from Duncan Carse raised a unique set of difficulties. The withdrawal from involvement by the Scott Polar Research Institute Director, Colin Bertram, indicated further disaffection. Most important, if political and financial goals were to be met, was the need for participation by several Commonwealth countries of which New Zealand was the essential partner. Fortunately, the vigorous efforts of a few Antarctic enthusiasts in New Zealand were successful in moving their government to assert its long dormant position in the Ross Dependency. New Zealand's commitment turned the tide of commonwealth apathy towards the TAE. Although the TAE preceded the IGY, events, including the dominating IGY presence of the United States, caused the two projects to become tightly interwoven. For these reasons the years leading up to the departure of Theron were as intriguing as the crossing journey itself.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Scott Polar Research Institute. Library'

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