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Journal articles on the topic 'SCOURING PATTERN'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kato, Fuminori, Yoshio Suwa, Kunihiro Watanabe, and Satoshi Hatogai. "MECHANISMS OF COASTAL DIKE FAILURE INDUCED BY THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE TSUNAMI." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.40.

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Based on the results of field surveys, coastal dike failures caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake were classified into eight patterns. The results of hydraulic model experiments related to major failure patterns reinforced the proposed failure processes. In addition, the aggregated length of each failure pattern showed that failure from scouring at the landward toe is the dominant failure pattern.

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2

Lufira, R. D., S. Marsudi, S. Agustien, and A. Khosin. "Determining the Depth of Local Scouring in a Downstream Energy Dissipation in the Physical Model Test." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 930, no. 1 (2021): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012022.

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Abstract Karangnongko Weir is planned to be located in the Bengawan Solo River (Lower Solo River Basin) about 15 km downstream of the confluence of Bengawan Solo River with the Madiun River in Ngelo Village, Margomulyo Sub-District, Bojonegoro Regency, and Ngrawoh Village in Kradenan Sub-District, Blora Regency. This study aims to determine the Depth and pattern of scouring in downstream energy dissipation through physical model tests based on initial planning. Downstream protection of energy dissipation in the original design model combines 50 m of riprap rocks and 50 m of riprap concrete for

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3

Paramadita, Tifarah Dayansabila, Nadia Azarine, Aburizal Azhar, and Didit Puji Riyanto. "Local Scouring Visualization of Bed Channel Surface in Hydraulic Structure Using Surfer." Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan 24, no. 2 (2022): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jtsp.v24i2.36499.

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Abstract. Water flowing in the river causes a scouring event that occurs at the bed channel. The existence of scouring will increase along with changes in the geometry of the river and obstacles such as the weir which are followed by local scouring around the weir. Local scouring often occurs downstream end of weir sill which weakens its construction. Scouring measurement was conducted to monitor the pattern of scouring that occurs. By using Surfer software, the scouring visualization through the Data Grid and 3D Surface can be seen. In this research, scour monitoring in the laboratory using o

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4

Gao, Pengcheng, Xianyou Mou, and Honglan Ji. "Simulation Study on Local Scour Characteristics of Tandem Bridge Piers in a Straight River under a Changing Environment." Sustainability 15, no. 15 (2023): 11776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151511776.

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Hydrodynamics is a common manifestation that causes natural scouring of riverbeds, and it is one of the factors that exacerbate the natural disasters of local scouring of bridge piers, causing sustainability of environmental changes in the water. The evolution pattern and scour characteristics of the bed surface around the submerged structures under different scouring conditions vary greatly. In order to investigate the scour mechanism, the reformed group (RNG) turbulence model in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation software (v11.2) was used to simulate the scour under the clear-wate

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Al-kmoly, Duaa Amir H., and Hayder Q. Majeed. "Experimental Investigation about the Effects of Blockage on Upstream Box Culverts." Journal of Engineering 30, no. 01 (2024): 140–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.01.09.

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This experimental study focuses on scouring in box culvert inlets under steady-state conditions and at different percentages of blockage ranging from 0% to 65%, and also looks at the hydraulics of water in the culvert. The investigation shows that the blockage of the culverts has influenced the scouring pattern at the blocked culverts' entrances. Ten experiments were carried out at the laboratory to see how blockage impacts the scouring pattern upstream of a box culvert during steady flow. Both partially blocked and unblocked cases were implemented in this study. The experimental tests were do

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Марьин, Василий, Vasily Mar'in, Александр Верещагин, Alexander Vereshchagin, Николай Бычин, and Nicolay Bychin. "Winter Buckwheat Grain: The Dynamic Pattern of the Mechanical Properties of the Main Fraction." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 49, no. 1 (2019): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2019-1-97-103.

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As quality requirements get lower and lower, the quality of buckwheat grain meant for buckwheat groats is deteriorating. The most typical example is winter buckwheat grain. Buckwheat grain has to be sorted according to various fractions before scouring. Thus, the mechanical properties of these fractions remain a relevant field of study. The research features the dynamic pattern in the mechanical properties of the main fractions of winter buckwheat grain according to fraction before and after storage. The research subject is fractions of buckwheat sorted according to grain size before scouring.

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7

Kolahdouzan, Fereshteh, Hossein Afzalimehr, Seyed Mostafa Siadatmousavi, Asal Jourabloo, and Sajjad Ahmad. "The Effect of Pipeline Arrangement on Velocity Field and Scouring Process." Water 15, no. 7 (2023): 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15071321.

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This experimental study investigates the effect of changes in the arrangement of horizontal pipelines on changes in the velocity pattern in three dimensions and the scouring process around these submarine pipelines. Experiments have been carried out in four cases: single pipe, two pipes with a distance of 0.5 D, two pipes with a distance of D, and three pipes with a distance of 0.5 D (D is the diameter of the pipes). The velocity upstream, downstream, and on the pipes have been measured by the Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The results show that a single pipe’s scouring depth in the first

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Boroomand, Mohammad Reza, S. Ali Akbar Salehi Neyshabouri, and Kameleh Aghajanloo. "Numerical simulation of sediment transport and scouring by an offset jet." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 10 (2007): 1267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-050.

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In this paper the offset jet entering a domain with a movable bed is simulated by the computer program FLUENT. To achieve this aim, sediment transport is numerically simulated using multiphase systems and the empirical coefficients are studied theoretically. The numerical results are verified by comparing the simulated total load with that obtained using existing formulae and concentration profiles from available measured data. In the final step, the offset jet scouring pattern is modeled qualitatively.Key words: offset jet, numerical simulation, FLUENT, multiphase system, turbulence, sediment

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9

Maimun, R., Abdullah, Nizarli, and Safwan. "Experimental study on Local Scour around Bridge Pier Models generated by Flash Floods carrying Debris." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1343, no. 1 (2024): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1343/1/012028.

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Abstract The analysis of local scouring around bridge piers currently is based on typical river flood discharges. However, extreme events like flash floods with high velocity and discharge, carry wooden debris that accumulates upstream of the bridge pier. This results in additional forces due to flow diversion and reduction in flow area, so impacting hydraulic structures and exacerbating the scouring process. The study objective was to examine the impact of debris transported by flash floods on the depth and distribution patterns of scouring around bridge piers. This research was conducted in

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Zhang, Yu, Xiangqiao Wang, Yuwen Yang, and Bo Chen. "Experimental Study on Scouring and Silting and Channel Planning Based on the Entrance Area of Shenqiu Wharf." Water 16, no. 3 (2024): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16030492.

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China has a vast territory and a long history of inland navigation. This paper is based on the Shaying River Shenqiu hub project, and a normal physical model with a geometric scale of 65 was established to simulate the characteristics of water and sediment in the entrance area of the project. By setting different working conditions and measuring and analyzing the velocity flow pattern of the wharf area, planning suggestions for the artificial channel with straight cut-off can be given. Simultaneously, the study simulates the natural sediment deposition state in typical years, observing changes

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Wisafri. "Gerusan Lokal yang Terjadi di Hilir Bendung dan Upaya Pengendaliannya." Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa 9, no. 2 (2014): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jipr.9.2.74.

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Majarity of damages on the dam construction in Indonesia is caused by continuous local scouring at the end side of the dam construction. It grows and reach its lower/bottorm part. It could results in degradation in the dam operation safety. This local scouring was caused by major water flowing passing the dam where there is a high difference level between the top and the end of the dam. Furthermore, it generates inbalancing water flow speed and additional water turbulence. There are different approachs to prevent such damage, and for example by providing one or more additional construction at

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Hassanzadeh, Yousef, Milad Khosravi, and Nazila Kardan. "Numerical investigation on the effect of bluntness factor on scouring mechanism by using lenticular geometry piers." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 47, no. 3 (2020): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0658.

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Local scour and flow field around cylinders with lenticular geometry and different bluntness factors under the clear-water state were investigated numerically. To examine the scouring, large eddy simulation with a WMLES-Omega sub-grid model incorporating the sediment transport and morphodynamic model was applied. Streamlined geometry of the pier significantly affected the scour pattern and flow field in the lenticular model with length to width ratio of 5 and bluntness factor of zero. In the mentioned case, a very small scoured region was estimated at the sides of the pier, so it can be conclu

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Vigdorowitsch, Michael, Valery V. Ostrikov, Alexander N. Pchelintsev, and Irina Yu Pchelintseva. "Diffusion Kinetics Theory of Removal of Assemblies’ Surface Deposits with Flushing Oil." Computation 11, no. 8 (2023): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation11080164.

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The diffusion kinetics theory of cleaning assemblies such as combustion engines with flushing oil has been introduced. Evolution of tar deposits on the engine surfaces and in the lube system has been described through the erosion dynamics. The time-dependent concentration pattern related to hydrodynamic (sub)layers around the tar deposit has been uncovered. Nonlinear equations explaining the experimentally observed dependences for scouring the contaminants off with the oil have been derived and indicate the power law in time. For reference purposes, a similar analysis based on formal chemical

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14

Javidi Vahdati, Vahid, Ahmad Ahmadi, Amirabbas Abedini, and Manouchehr Heidarpour. "Efficacy of the Combined Use of Bed Sill and Sacrificial Piles to Control Local Scour around Circular Bridge Piers." Shock and Vibration 2024 (March 26, 2024): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/5527946.

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In this study, the results are presented and discussed from laboratory test campaigns specifically designed to investigate the behavior of sacrificial piles as a countermeasure against local scouring at a circular bridge pier and clear-water conditions with flow intensity slightly below the threshold of sediment motion. Sacrificial piles are assessed on the upstream side of the pier in two transverse and triangular arrangements. Piles can reduce scouring by deflecting the flow and creating a low-velocity wake region behind them. The efficiency of the piles against local scouring depends on the

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15

Bal, Dursun, Mahmud Bakırhan, Murat Apakhan, Hakkı Ekem, Ömer Sinan Şahin, and Muharrem Hilmi Aksoy. "EFFECT OF SCOURER SCREEN PATTERNS ON THE WHEAT HUSK REMOVAL EFFICIENCY." Advanced Engineering Letters 1, no. 3 (2022): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/adeletters.2022.1.3.5.

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The scourer machines remove wheat husk contaminated with pesticides and other impurities that adversely affect product quality and shelf life. For this purpose, at least one scourer machine is used in each industrial grain flour factory, depending on the capacity. The efficiency of these machines is highly dependent on the surface texture and scourer screen patterns. In this study, the efficiency of the wheat scourer machines with various wall patterns and meshes was investigated experimentally. The investigation employed six distinct types of scourer screens. Type-4 has produced the best resu

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16

Pearce, M. C., C. Jenkins, L. Vali, et al. "Temporal Shedding Patterns and Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli Serogroups O26, O103, O111, O145, and O157 in a Cohort of Beef Calves and Their Dams." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 3 (2004): 1708–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.3.1708-1716.2004.

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ABSTRACT This study investigated the shedding of Escherichia coli O26, O103, O111, O145, and O157 in a cohort of beef calves from birth over a 5-month period and assessed the relationship between shedding in calves and shedding in their dams, the relationship between shedding and scouring in calves, and the effect of housing on shedding in calves. Fecal samples were tested by immunomagnetic separation and by PCR and DNA hybridization assays. E. coli O26 was shed by 94% of calves. Over 90% of E. coli O26 isolates carried the vtx 1, eae, and ehl genes, 6.5% carried vtx 1 and vtx 2, and one isola

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17

Liu, Xiao Fang, Dang Wei Wang, and He Qing Huang. "An Experimental Research on Optimization of Trajectory Bucket for Spillway Tunnel Outlet at Sanliping Hydropower Project." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 2740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.2740.

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Several optimized designs of trajectory bucket pattern for spillway tunnel outlet are compared in the experiment of Sanliping hydropower project integer physical model and the results show that energy dissipation of outflow nappe is sufficient after optimization and no scouring occur near the riverbank either at high water level or at low water level, which ensure the security of spillway structure. And these experimental results can provide a scientific foundation for the design of Sanliping project.

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18

Prasetyo Wahono, Endro, Ika Kustiani, and Suharno. "Scouring Pattern of Movable-Bed Channel Due to Mutual Constriction Structures: Laboratory-scale Model." Jurnal Profesi Insinyur Universitas Lampung 1, no. 1 (2020): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jpi.v1n1.16.

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Pada beberapa tahun terakhir, permasalahan lingkungan telah menjadi hal yang sangat penting dalam proses pengambilan pada berbagai bidang rekayasa. Naturalisasi tumbuhanpada bantanran Sungai Ciliwung misalnya adalah salah satu contoh betapa aspek lingkungan telah diadopsi dalam manajemen sungai. Wahono (2002) menyatakan bahwa tumbuhan di bantaran sungai dapat mempunyai dampak yang analog dengan sebuah serial bangunan penyempitan. Untuk itu pengetahuan mengenai perilaku gerusan local akibat penyempitan berseri akan sangat penting untuk memahami resiko dari kerusakan bantaran dan bangunan sungai

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19

Wang, Hua, Yijun Zhao, Fengnian Zhou, Huaiyu Yan, Yanqing Deng, and Bao Li. "Suspended sediment distribution under varied currents in the largest river-connected lake of China." Water Supply 18, no. 3 (2017): 994–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.167.

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Abstract Poyang Lake was selected as the research area. Based on laboratory experiment, field investigation and numerical simulation, the spatial distributions of suspended sediment (SS) under the gravity-flow, jacking-flow and back-flow patterns were quantitatively analysed. An annular flume experiment was conducted to determine the critical starting shear stresses of the sediments in the flood and dry seasons. By numerical experiment, the SS transport under different flow patterns was explored. Several results stand out. (1) The critical starting shear stresses of the sediments in the flood

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20

Dalla Barba, Federico, and Francesco Picano. "Direct numerical simulation of the scouring of a brittle streambed in a turbulent channel flow." Acta Mechanica 232, no. 12 (2021): 4705–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-021-03075-5.

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AbstractThe natural processes involved in the scouring of submerged sediments are crucially relevant in geomorphology along with environmental, fluvial, and oceanographic engineering. Despite their relevance, the phenomena involved are far from being completely understood, in particular for what concerns cohesive or stony substrates with brittle bulk mechanical properties. In this frame, we address the investigation of the mechanisms that govern the scouring and pattern formation on an initially flattened bed of homogenous and brittle material in a turbulent channel flow, employing direct nume

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Vucelic-Radovic, Biljana V., Vjaceslav M. Nesic, Mirjana A. Demin, and Mirjana M. Milovanovic. "The B Group Vitamins and Mineral Elements in the Selective Removal of Wheat Kernel Layers." Natural Product Communications 1, no. 11 (2006): 1934578X0600101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0600101115.

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The objective of this study was to investigate how selective removal of the surface layers of whole wheat grains by abrasive scouring affects the distribution of mineral elements (macronutrients, micronutrients and trace elements) and the B group vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin pyridoxine, pantothenic acid and niacin) in three soft winter wheat varieties (Partizanka, Novosadska rana and Lasta). Although representing technologically different quality classes of wheat, the varieties were not significantly different in the B group vitamin contents, except for pyridoxine. Whole grains of all varieti

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Ding, Changfeng, Chunguang Li, Lulu Song, and Shaozhuo Chen. "Numerical Investigation on Flow Characteristics in a Mildly Meandering Channel with a Series of Groynes." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (2023): 4124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054124.

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In single-bend channels or meandering channels, groynes are widely used as a river-training structure. Geometric factor is an important principle of groyne design. In this paper, the numerical method based on the Renormalization Group (RNG) k-ε turbulence model is used to study the effects of groynes with different lengths and orientations on the mean flow pattern and turbulence characteristics in a mildly meandering channel. The analysis shows that compared with equal-length groynes, the groynes arranged in descending order perform well in improving the flow velocity of the main channel, and

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Helmi, Ahmed M., and Ahmed H. Shehata. "Three-Dimensional Numerical Investigations of the Flow Pattern and Evolution of the Horseshoe Vortex at a Circular Pier during the Development of a Scour Hole." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (2021): 6898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156898.

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In the current study, a three-dimensional CFD model is utilized to investigate the variation of the flow structure and bed shear stress at a single cylindrical pier during scour development. The scour development is presented by seven solidified geometries of the scour hole, collected during previous experimental work at different scour stages. Different turbulence models are evaluated and the (k-ω) model is chosen due to its relative accuracy in capturing the flow oscillation and vortex shedding at the pier downstream side with personal computer computational and storage resources. The numeri

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Sisinggih, D., S. Wahyuni, and A. Rasyid. "Flow and sediment transport in a sharp river bend using a 3D-RANS model." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 930, no. 1 (2021): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012033.

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Abstract Flow dynamics and sediment transport in a river bend have recently been studied using experimental and numerical investigations. A three-dimensional numerical modeling model named NaysCUBE was used in this study to describe the flow pattern and process of sediment transport in a sharp river bend as a complement to the prior work of the physical hydraulic model. The model uses the RANS equation to simulate flow where a fully complex 3D flow is governed. Despite the limitations of the RANS model, NaysCUBE well reproduces the flow pattern and turbulence phenomena in a movable bed channel

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Zhang, Bohu, Zhiyong Zhang, Fuyuan Chen, and Kun He. "Study on the Morphological Evolution of the Oujiang Estuary, China, in the 21st Century." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 2 (2023): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020378.

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Based on four years of spatially synchronous topographic data of the Oujiang Estuary from 2002 to 2019, the variations and physical mechanisms of estuarine evolution driven by natural conditions and human activities since the beginning of this century were analyzed. The results show that the evolution of the Oujiang Estuary has changed dramatically in the past 20 years. From 2002 to 2019, the net sediment erosion of the estuary was 163.44 million m3, and the average bed elevation of the river-dominated section (RDS), transition section (TS) and tide-dominated section (TDS) decreased by 4.61 m,

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Majeed, Hayder Q., Basim Sh Abed, and Ali Khairi Ibrahim. "Countermeasure of Riverbanks Local Scour and Deposition Using Different Shapes of Multiple Groynes with Different Spacing." Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems 9, no. 5 (2022): 1277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/mmep.090515.

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In current study a computation fluid dynamic (CFD) technique was used to investigate the effect of groynes shape and spacing on the scour pattern and the maximum scour depth in open channel flow. CFD model have been validated throughout comparing the numerical results with three previous experimental studies for a single groyne located in open channel with three different shapes (L, quadrant, and parabola shapes). The comparison revealed very good agreement between numerical results of the maximum scour depth with the results of all experimental models. Moreover, investigations of the effect o

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Nie, Xiao-Bao, Yun-Zi Tang, Chang-bo Jiang, Yuan-Nan Long, Pan-Pan He, and Chao Xu. "Vertical distribution pattern of naidids in granular activated carbon filters and potential technology to control their penetration risk." Water Supply 18, no. 6 (2018): 1976–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.020.

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Abstract Aquatic worms propagated in granular activated carbon (GAC) filter has become a troublesome problem for drinking water supply. This study investigated the vertical distribution patterns of naidids in GAC filter beds and assessed the effect of an additional sand bed, located below the GAC bed, in preventing naidids from being present in effluent. The results indicated that the vertical distribution data of naidids in the GAC filter bed were well fitted by a Gaussian distribution, and the location of peak population density was mainly affected by downward flow. Backwashing experiments r

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SATO, Natsumi, Kosuke IIMURA, Hirokazu IKEDA, and Ryuichi ISHIBASHI. "EFFECTS OF COASTAL FOREST ON TSUNAMI OVERFLOW PATTERN AND LOCAL SCOURING AT LANDWARD TOE OF EMBANKMENT." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 75, no. 2 (2019): I_721—I_726. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejhe.75.2_i_721.

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Johnson, W. Carroll, Mark A. Boudreau, and Jerry W. Davis. "Cultural Practices to Improve In-Row Weed Control with Cultivation in Organic Peanut Production." Weed Technology 26, no. 4 (2012): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-12-00019.1.

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Cultivation is a proven means of weed control in organic peanut. However, weeds present in-row often escape control. Research trials were conducted in Ty Ty, GA to modify cultural practices to help suppress weed emergence in-row. Modified cultural practices were three row pattern/seeding rate combinations; twin rows (four rows on a seedbed) seeded at the recommended (1X) seeding rate that produced 13 seed m−1in each row, twin rows seeded at the 2X seeding rate that produced 23 seed m−1in each row, and wide rows (two rows on seedbed) seeded at the recommended seeding rate that produced 23 seed

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Djunur, Lutfi Hair. "Study On Scouring and Protection of USBR-III Type Downstream of Spillway." Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan 24, no. 1 (2022): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jtsp.v24i1.34196.

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Abstract. In the downstream part of the spillway building, especially in the flood way, occurs phenomenon of changing flow conditions from super critical to sub critical which causes a hydraulic jump and used by energy absorbers to reduce flow energy. The hydraulic jump in the floodway causes scouring of the bottom, particularly in the unprotected downstream spillway. Using 3 different dimensional baffle block models provides three different discharge variations in four flow simulations. Based on the results of the analysis and planning of the baffle block, it is found that the effectiveness i

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Muhardiono, Iman. "STUDY OF PILLAR DIMENSION VARIATIONS MODELLING ON RIVER GEOMORPHOLOGY." Jurnal PenSil 12, no. 3 (2023): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpensil.v12i3.32680.

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The behavior of river flow patterns on the condition of the pillar dimensions can affect the geomorphology conditions of the river, namely the unbalanced local scouring between sediment transport and sediment supply so that it will affect the strength of the pillar. This study aims to study the effect of pillar dimensions on scour depth and channel base changes in the pillar area. The method of observation was carried out by simulations using Nays2DH with the same parameters for each test of each dimension with discharge (Q) = 0.5 m3/s, sediment diameter (D50) = 0.35 mm, channel width (B) = 5

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Widyayanti, Herna, Eka Oktariyanto Nugroho, Alif Syahrul Zulhaq, et al. "The effect of compound channel shape for local scouring and flow dynamics using NaysCUBE-3D RANS at Downstream Tukad Unda River Bali Province." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1266, no. 1 (2023): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1266/1/012012.

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Abstract The prediction of sediment transport and flow dynamics are important issues in channel design as the local scouring has an important effect on the shape of the channel, especially on the compound channel. Tukad Unda River in Bali has river section in the form of compound channel. It consists of two sections with different dimension, the main channel and the flood plain. These dimensional differences cause two different flows. Transformation of flow velocity and turbulence cause movement of sediment transport, generates a complex 3D flow structure in the boundary of main channel and fl

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Ramaiah, G. B., A. Mequanent, R. legese, E. Solomon, and D. Asfaw. "Effect of Chemical Pre-treatment on Screen Printed Fabric Performance Properties." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2663, no. 1 (2023): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2663/1/012015.

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Abstract Printing is the process of transferring a specific pattern or design onto the surface of textile fabric. In the printing process, screen printing is one of the fundamental printing methods on textiles and is widely used worldwide. However, screen-printed fabrics have specific properties like fastness, water absorbency, and whiteness index that increase the end-use properties of the printed fabrics. There are several factors that affect the technical characteristics of printed fabrics. This research focuses on an experimental approach to ascertain and confirm the pre-treatment process

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MIR, B.H., M.A. LONE, and J.A. BHAT. "Effect of Obstacle Material Type on Local Scour." International Journal of Advanced Structures and Geotechnical Engineering 6 (January 5, 2018): 114–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1135360.

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There have been decades of research on scour phenomenon. But, due to the complexity of the processes involved, it is not possible to take into account all parameters in a single study. One such parameter that has not been given its due consideration is the material of the obstacle. In the flow channel, any kind of obstacle can be encountered; it may be a well-defined hydraulic structure made of concrete; huge boulder or a wooden structure, etc. Laboratory experiments were conducted in a glass sided flume to study the effect of obstacle material type on local scour. Circular obstacles were mode

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Hassan, Zahraa F., Ibtisam R. Karim, and Abdul-Hassan K. Al-Shukur. "Effect of Interaction between Bridge Piers on Local Scouring in Cohesive Soils." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 4 (2020): 659–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091498.

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Local scour at the piers is one of the main reasons of bridge foundation undermining. Earlier research studies focused mainly on the scour at a single bridge pier; nevertheless, modern designs of the bridges comprise wide-span and thus group of piers rather than a single pier are usually used to support the superstructure. The flow and scour pattern around group of piers is different from the case of a single pier due to the interaction effect. Reviewing the literature of local scour around bridge piers group revealed that the local scour around bridge piers group founded in cohesive soil bed

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Akib, Shatirah, Afshin Jahangirzadeh, and Hossein Basser. "Local scour around complex pier groups and combined piles at semi-integral bridge." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 62, no. 2 (2014): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2014-0015.

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Abstract This research presents an experimental study on the scouring mechanism at semi-integral bridge piers. Based on laboratory experiments, this study focuses on the relationship between scour depth in complex pier groups and combined piles bridge and various parameters including the variation of inflow velocity, distance, and time. 1 200 data were collected for flow velocity and scour. The flow pattern and scour were analyzed for different flow discharges and flow depths. The results showed that the scour development with respect to time was greater for higher flow depth and bigger flow d

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Wilms, Mayumi, Arne Stahlmann, and Torsten Schlurmann. "INVESTIGATIONS ON SCOUR DEVELOPMENT AROUND A GRAVITY FOUNDATION FOR OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.35.

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Due to insufficient insights about the scour development around the STRABAG gravity foundation, the Franzius-Institute conducted small- and large-scale physical model tests in wave flumes on a scale of 1:50 and 1:17 in order to investigate the wave-induced scouring phenomena around the foundation and to design a scour protection system. The tests on scour development without a scour protection system show that the main areas which are vulnerable to scour are the contact areas of the foundation. Furthermore, the experiments show that a scour protection system is necessary for the given and inve

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Zhao, Qinghe, Yifan Zhang, Shanshan Xu, Xiaoyu Ji, Shuoqian Wang, and Shengyan Ding. "Relationships between Riparian Vegetation Pattern and the Hydraulic Characteristics of Upslope Runoff." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (2019): 2966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102966.

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Riparian vegetation plays a vital role in inhibiting soil and water loss, but few studies have quantified the relationships between vegetation spatial pattern and the hydraulic characteristics of upslope runoff. This study investigated how hydraulic characteristics (e.g., runoff coefficient, flow regime, flow resistance, and flow shear stress of overland flow) responded to differences in vegetation cover (15% and 30%), slope gradient (5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°), and vegetation pattern in the riparian zone along the lower Yellow River, China, based on landscape pattern analysis and a runoff scourin

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Matsuura, Troy, and Ronald Townsend. "Stream-barb installations for narrow channel bends — a laboratory study." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 31, no. 3 (2004): 478–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l04-017.

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Phase 1 of an ongoing laboratory study of a novel form of stream-bank protection structure is described. "Barbs" are dike-like stone structures designed to protect the (usually unstable) outside-bank regions of channel bends. These low-profile structures point upstream into the flow and typically extend to about 1/4-way across the channel. By disrupting near-bank velocity gradients they promote sediment deposition along the eroding outside-bank region. Their presence also modifies the "helicoidal"-type flow pattern of the bend such that secondary currents, which would otherwise attack the outs

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Egop, S.E. "Super Elevation and Radius of Curvature of Bent Channels." Research and Reviews: Journal of Civil Engineering 1, no. 1 (2025): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14823630.

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<em>Increasing erosion and altering the morphology of the channel. If meanders are not properly stabilized, they may continue to develop and shift. This paper explains the physics of flows around bends. Scouring on the concave banks will result from the secondary flood pattern created by the ensuing curve flow. This movement will contribute to the meanders' increased curvature when combined with silt depositions on the convex banks. Centrifugal forces, secondary currents, and the physical properties of the channel interact intricately to affect the flow of water around bends in open channels.

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Mohammadamin, Torabi, Hamedi Amirmasoud, Alamatian Ebrahim, and Zahabi Hamidreza. "The Effect of Geometry Parameters and Flow Characteristics on Erosion and Sedimentation in Channel's Junction using Finite Volume Method." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 9, no. 2 (2019): 115–23. https://doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.9.2.14.

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One of the most critical problems in the river engineering field is scouring, sedimentation and morphology of a river bed. In this paper, a finite volume method FORTRAN code is provided and used. The code is able to model the sedimentation. The flow and sediment were modeled at the interception of the two channels. It is applied an experimental model to evaluate the results. Regarding the numerical model, the effects of geometry parameters such as proportion of secondary channel to main channel width and intersection angle and also hydraulic conditionals like secondary to main channel discharg

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Li, Kun Peng, Shu Kui Chen, Huai Bao Ma, and Ting Wang. "Study of Processes in Shaping High Floodland and Deep-Cut Channel in Xiaolangdi Reservoir." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.407.

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The simulation test on the late sediment storage period in shaping program of high floodland and deep-cut channel on the Xiaolangdi reservoir, and the evolution of high floodland and deep-cut channel, for the Xiaolangdi reservoir sediment retaining period reasonable reservoir operation mode, provide reference for reservoir extending service life.The study shows that:①Formation of High floodland and deep-cut channel evolution, which based on the beach sediment uplift and slot synchronization channel and then washed down the process, whether the erosion and scour quantity to whether can form hig

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Gutt, Julian, and Vladimir M. Koltun. "Sponges of the Lazarev and Weddell Sea, Antarctica: explanations for their patchy occurrence." Antarctic Science 7, no. 3 (1995): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102095000320.

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Seventy-three sponge species were caught at 23 stations on the continental shelf of the Lazarev and Weddell Sea (Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean). Tedania tantula was the most often found species amongst the 63 demosponge species caught and among the five hexactinellid species Rossella racovitzae was most common. The stations were classified according to their species inventory, and so the individual stations of the resulting four groups were rather uniformly dispersed over the entire investigation area. The species composition of adjacent stations varied considerably. There was no disce

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Liu, Yang, and Qianqian Zhang. "Study on the Spatiotemporal Variation in and Driving Mechanism of Water Quality in Baiyangdian Lake." Water 16, no. 1 (2023): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16010166.

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Analyzing 165 data from five national control sites in Baiyangdian Lake, this study unveils its spatiotemporal pattern of water quality. Utilizing machine learning and multivariate statistical techniques, this study elucidates the effects of rainfall and human activities on the lake’s water quality. The results show that the main pollutants in Baiyangdian Lake are TN, TP, and IMN. Spatially, human activities are the main drivers of water quality, with the poorest quality observed in the surrounding village area. The temporal dynamics of water quality parameters exhibit three distinct patterns:

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Sun, Dong Po, Li Da Zhang, Xiao Lei Zhang, and Peng Tao Wang. "Numerical Simulation of Flooding Effects on Estuarial Reach after Pier’s Construction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.752.

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Recent years, there were many piers constructed in tail reach of Yongjiang River. This made river channel in estuarial reach shrank gradually, which in turn influenced the shipping ability of estuarial area. Taking Qingshuipu pier that would be constructed in the left bank of Yongjiang river estuarial reach as an example, a numerical simulation have been done, and resistance parameter had been proved reasonably by author. The flow pattern, backwater height and channel scour-fill intensity near the pier trestle have been studied in different kinds of flood and tidal stencils. In engineering pro

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LIN, MENG-YU, and LIANG-HSIUNG HUANG. "Vortex shedding from a submerged rectangular obstacle attacked by a solitary wave." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 651 (March 29, 2010): 503–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112010000145.

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This study investigates the two-dimensional flow of a solitary wave that passes over a submerged rectangular obstacle using a Lagrangian-type numerical method. The main purpose is to investigate vortex generation and evolution caused by the obstacle. The numerical method is based on the combination of vortex methods and boundary integral methods using the Helmholtz decomposition. The simulated flow pattern is compared with the experimental measurements in detail, and the overall agreement is reasonably good. A series of simulations were performed with various wave heights to study the effect o

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Lu, Wanyun, Jiaqi Sun, Yongxue Liu, Yongchao Liu, and Bingxue Zhao. "Seasonal and Intra-Annual Patterns of Sedimentary Evolution in Tidal Flats Impacted by Laver Cultivation along the Central Jiangsu Coast, China." Applied Sciences 9, no. 3 (2019): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9030522.

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Human activities such as the rapid development of marine aquaculture in the central Jiangsu coast have had a marked impact on the tidal flat morphology. This research focuses on characterizing the spatial expansion of laver cultivation and its influence on the sedimentary evolution of tidal flats in the central Jiangsu coast. First, seasonal digital elevation models (DEMs) were established using 160 satellite images with medium resolution. Then, laver aquaculture regions were extracted from 50 time-series satellite images to calculate the area and analyze the spatial distribution and expansion

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Et. al., Kuldeep R. Patel,. "Structural Response Of A Slotted Bridge Pier Under Blast Loading Using Finite Element Analysis." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 4 (2021): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i4.522.

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Bridge pier is a crucial part for the transportation in marine structures. Scouring is a major cause for the failure of the pier. slot among the other countermeasures increases the efficiency of scour reduction and minimizes the failure due to scour.as we provide the slot; the strength of the pier reduces compared to the conventional pier. change in reinforcement pattern in slotted bridge pier changes the behavior of the pier under similar loading conditions. blast occurrence has increased in recent times and rehabilitation of a structure and improvement of strength against explosion is necess

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Guemou, Bouabdellah, Abdelali Seddini, and Abderrahmane Nekkache Ghenim. "Scour around Bridge Piers: Numerical Investigations of the Longitudinal Biconcave Pier Shape." Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 62, no. 4 (2018): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppme.12263.

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The flow pattern around a bridge pier and the scouring phenomenon are very complicated. The basic mechanism causing local scour is the down-flow at the upstream face of the pier. It is understood that the horseshoe vortex is the key mechanism that leads to the local scour around pier; existing literature revealed that the strength of the down-flow, horseshoe vortex and the wake vortex are greater in the case of square piers compared to circular piers. In this paper we have investigated a new longitudinal biconcave bridge pier shape that reduces better the bed shear stress. For that purpose, a

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Saikia, Lalit, and Chandan Mahanta. "A Mass Balance Approach in Sediment Budgeting of Large Alluvial Rivers with special emphasis on the Brahmaputra in Assam." Journal of The Indian Association of Sedimentologists 38, no. 2 (2021): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51710/jias.v38i2.115.

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Morphology of an alluvial river channel is the consequence of erosion, sediment transport and sedimentation in a river. Sediment budget accounts for the sources, sinks and redistribution pathways of sediments, solutes and nutrients in a unit region over unit time. Human activities are the most important factors that affect the variation in the pattern of river sediment load. This paper discusses sediment budget of a few large rivers by review of literature and estimation of sediment budget of Brahmaputra River in Assam using mass balance approach. An attempt has also been made to discuss human

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