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Journal articles on the topic 'Scratch'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Martinović, Ana, and Nikola Marangunić. "Prihvaćanje i korištenje Scratcha među početnicima u programiranju." Odgojno-obrazovne teme 5, no. 2 (2022): 53–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.53577/oot.5.2.3.

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Računalno programiranje razvija vještine rješavanja problema i logičkog zaključivanja te je njegova integracija u sve obrazovne razine nužna. Međutim, učenje programiranja nije jednostavno i predstavlja izazov i za učenike i za nastavnike. Zbog svoje jednostavnosti Scratch se koristi kao uvod u programiranje, a računalne vještine koje učenici razviju u Scratchu mogu se kasnije primijeniti u drugim programskim jezicima. U ovom radu istraživala se povezanost četiriju varijabli modela TAM, percipirane korisnosti, percipirane lakoće korištenja, stava prema korištenju i namjere korištenja programsk

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2

Liu, Yan Yan, Laura G. Gladkis, and Heiko Timmers. "Micro-Scratching of UHMW Polyethylene Surfaces." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2455.

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Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene has been micro-scratched with 90° cube corner tips. The scratch mode was flat-on, uni-directional and single pass. The micro-scratches and cross-sectional scratch profiles were characterised with atomic force microscopy. No detached debris is produced. Cross-sectional scratch profiles have been analysed using Zum Gahr’s formalism giving an fab ratio slightly above zero. This is consistent with expectation for ductile polymers where none or little detached debris is produced. However, the observation contrasts with that for other polymers, such as PMMA,

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3

Shi, Xin Hong, and Mei Juan Shan. "Effect of Scratch Depths on Fatigue Properties of PMMA for Aircraft Canopies." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.81.

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A series of fatigue tests is performed for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens without scratches and with scratches. The scratch depth is set to be 0.2mm, 0.3mm and 0.4mm, respectively. Based on the experimental results, it can be deduced that contained fatigue limit of specimens with scratches significantly decreases compared to specimens without scratches. Besides, contained fatigue limit decreases gradually with scratch depth increasing from 0.0mm to 0.4mm. Consequently, it can be concluded that fatigue properties of PMMA will decrease when there exists scratch and for scratch depth fr

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4

Jucius, Lazauskas, and Gudaitis. "Multiple Hydrogen-Bonding Assisted Scratch–Healing of Transparent Coatings." Coatings 9, no. 12 (2019): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9120796.

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The partial cross-linking reaction of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by esterification using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as a cross-linking agent was performed to obtain a PVA–PAA supramolecular polymer complex. The PVA–PAA coatings with a different molar ratio between hydroxyl and carboxyl groups were prepared to examine scratch–healing ability. These coatings exhibited high optical transparency and excellent scratch–healing properties, which are attributed to considerable amount of free hydroxyl groups at the scratched interfaces to reversibly form multiple hydrogen bonds. Importantly, the PVA–PAA p

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5

Mengesha, Betelhiem N., Andrew C. Grizzle, Wondwosen Demisse, Kate L. Klein, Amy Elliott, and Pawan Tyagi. "Machine Learning-Enabled Quantitative Analysis of Optically Obscure Scratches on Nickel-Plated Additively Manufactured (AM) Samples." Materials 16, no. 18 (2023): 6301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16186301.

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Additively manufactured metal components often have rough and uneven surfaces, necessitating post-processing and surface polishing. Hardness is a critical characteristic that affects overall component properties, including wear. This study employed K-means unsupervised machine learning to explore the relationship between the relative surface hardness and scratch width of electroless nickel plating on additively manufactured composite components. The Taguchi design of experiment (TDOE) L9 orthogonal array facilitated experimentation with various factors and levels. Initially, a digital light mi

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6

Shi, Xin Hong, and Mei Juan Shan. "Effect of Scratch Depths on Tensile Strength of PMMA for Aircraft Canopies." Advanced Materials Research 1056 (October 2014): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1056.8.

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Static tensile tests of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens without scratches and containing a scratch whose depth was set to be 0.2mm, 0.3mm and 0.4mm, respectively, were carried out to explore effect of scratch depths on tensile strength of PMMA. Based on the experimental load-displacement curves, the specimens without scratches deform most severely when the failure comes forth. The failure deformation declines gradually with higher scratch depth, namely higher scratch depth leads to lower plastic deformation. It thus follows that the scratch significantly reduces the tensile strength o

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7

Gao, Weimin, Lijing Wang, Jolanta K. Coffey, Hongren Wu, and Fugen Daver. "Finite Element Modelling and Experimental Validation of Scratches on Textured Polymer Surfaces." Polymers 13, no. 7 (2021): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071022.

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Surface texturing is a common modification method for altering the surface properties of a material. Predicting the response of a textured surface to scratching is significant in surface texturing and material design. In this study, scratches on a thermoplastic material with textured surface are simulated and experimentally tested. The effect of texture on scratch resistance, surface visual appearance, surface deformation and material damage are investigated. Bruise spot scratches on textured surfaces are found at low scratch forces (<3 N) and their size at different scratch forces is appro

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8

Duan, Miaomiao, Zhufeng Yue, and Qianguang Song. "Effect of Superficial Scratch Damage on Tension Properties of Carbon/Epoxy Plain Weave Laminates." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 31, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5590448.

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The effect of scratch damage on the tension properties of carbon fiber plain weave laminates has been studied in detail using digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE). A range of scratch lengths was machined onto different laminates. The bearing capacity of the laminates was then compared with that of unaltered samples. The strain field distributions near the scratches were measured and analyzed as a function of scratch length with DIC. Initiation and propagation of damage were monitored during the tensile tests using AE. Failure sites and morphologies were observed and analy

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9

Zhou, Guangqi, Ye Tian, Feng Shi, et al. "Scratch Morphology Transformation: An Alternative Method of Scratch Processing on Optical Surface." Micromachines 12, no. 9 (2021): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091030.

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The scratches on an optical surface can worsen the performance of elements. The normal process method is removing scratches entirely. However, it is a tough and high-cost requirement of removing extremely deep scratches and maintaining all the other excellent indicators at the same time. As the alternative of removing, we propose the method of scratch morphology transformation to diminish the drawbacks induced by scratches. We measure the morphology of scratches, establish the transformation models and transform them to the needed shape. In engineering applications, transformation can solve sc

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10

Tan, Zhiying, Yan Ji, Zhongwen Fei, Xiaobin Xu, and Baolai Zhao. "Image-Based Scratch Detection by Fuzzy Clustering and Morphological Features." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (2020): 6490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186490.

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Detection of scratch defects on randomly textured surfaces remains challenging due to their unnoticeable visual features. In this paper, an algorithm for piezoelectric ceramic plate surface scratch defects based on the combination of fuzzy c-means clustering and morphological features is proposed. Foreground membership of each gray value is calculated firstly on a reference set of training images by fuzzy c-means clustering and the interpolation method, then an enhanced image is obtained by multiplying the foreground membership function and gray image. The location relationship between regions

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11

Dong, Zhi Gang, and C. W. Kang. "Study on Deformation and Damage of Single Crystal MgO by Micro-Scratch." Advanced Materials Research 126-128 (August 2010): 940–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.126-128.940.

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Scratch experiments were performed on MgO (001) plane along different crystallographic orientations with the gradually increased forces to investigate the deformaton and damage of MgO. The normal and lateral forces during scratch, as well as the topography characteristics of the residual scratch along different crystallographic orientations were compared and analyzed. The cracks propagation around the scratch were studied. The patterns of cracks and scratches were found to be very different when scratching along different crystallographic orientations. The mechanism of cracks forming beside th

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12

Ersoy, Orkun, Sinan Fidan, Harun Köse, Dilek Güler, and Ömer Özdöver. "Effect of Calcium Carbonate Particle Size on the Scratch Resistance of Rapid Alkyd-Based Wood Coatings." Coatings 11, no. 3 (2021): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030340.

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Polymer-based wood coatings are used for aesthetic purposes as well as to protect wood surfaces, especially under external conditions. High-hardness mineral fillers are thought to enhance the resistance of these polymer coatings to wear and scratching. However, recent studies suggest that the relatively low-hardness mineral calcite (CaCO3, Mohs hardness of 3) performs similarly to harder minerals under external conditions. It can replace more expensive hard minerals, thus driving research interest in its use. In this study, CaCO3 powders with different grain sizes were applied to rapid alkyd-b

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13

Zhao, Xu, Yadong Gong, Ming Cai, and Bing Han. "Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Material Removal and Surface Defect Mechanism in Scratch Tests of High Volume Fraction SiCp/Al Composites." Materials 13, no. 3 (2020): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030796.

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This paper addresses a comprehensive and further insight into the sensitivity of material removal and the surface defect formation mechanism to scratch depth during single-grit scratch tests of 50 vol% SiCp/Al composites. The three-dimensional (3D) finite element model with more realistic 3D micro-structure, particle-matrix interfacial behaviors, particle-particle contact behaviors, particle-matrix contact behaviors and a Johnson-Holmquist-Beissel (JHB) model of SiC was developed. The scratch simulation conducted at scratch velocity 10 mm/min and loading rate 40 N/min revealed that the scratch

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14

Liang, Qingchen, Peng Liang, Feng Guo, Shuyi Li, Xiaohan Zhang, and Fulin Jiang. "The Influence of Scratches on the Tribological Performance of Friction Pairs Made of Different Materials under Water-Lubrication Conditions." Lubricants 11, no. 10 (2023): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11100449.

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Water-lubricated bearings are widely used in marine equipment, and the lubricating water often contains hard particles. Once these particles enter the gap between the bearing and the shaft, they can scratch the smooth surfaces of the shaft and bearing, influencing the working performance of the bearing system. To investigate the effect of scratch parameters on tribological performance, this paper conducts multiple block-on-ring experiments and constructs a mixed-lubrication model under water-lubrication conditions. The results show that among the three commonly used bearing materials, the trib

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15

Shao, Mingyue, Jimei Wu, Yan Wang, Hongmei Zhang, and Qiumin Wu. "Transverse Vibration of a Moving Viscoelastic Hard Membrane Containing Scratches." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (January 22, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5671361.

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The transverse vibration and stability of a moving viscoelastic hard printing membrane containing scratches are investigated. Based on the viscoelastic differential constitutive relation, thin plate theory, and d’Alembert principle, the differential equation of a moving viscoelastic hard membrane with a straight scratch through the surface is derived by using the continuity condition of the scratches. The complex characteristic equation is obtained by using the differential quadrature method. The effects of the scratch depth and scratch position on the critical instability speed of the moving

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16

Nιder, Zoltαn, Kαroly Vαradi, and Klaus Friedrich. "Quantitative Evaluation of Wear Grooves in a Fine Particulate Reinforced, Soft Polymer Coating System by Laser Profilometry and Computer Aided Scratch Analysis." Advanced Composites Letters 9, no. 5 (2000): 096369350000900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350000900501.

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After certain periods of practical application, particulate reinforced polymer coated surfaces frequently contain many grooves due to a scratching contact with any abrasive counterparts. To characterise these scratch patterns a software package (SCRATCH) has been developed using digitised surface roughness data from a laser profilometer. The SCRATCH system identifies individual scratches by representing their locations (using a slicing technique) and specifies scalar parameters (such as the specific scratch area or mid-tangent of the bearing area curve). In this way, the magnitude of the scrat

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17

Furue, Kazuhisa, Takamichi Ito, Yuka Tanaka, et al. "The EGFR-ERK/JNK-CCL20 Pathway in Scratched Keratinocytes May Underpin Koebnerization in Psoriasis Patients." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2 (2020): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020434.

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Epidermal keratinocytes represent a rich source of C-C motif chemokine 20 (CCL20) and recruit CCR6+ interleukin (IL)-17A–producing T cells that are known to be pathogenic for psoriasis. A previous study revealed that scratch injury on keratinocytes upregulates CCL20 production, which is implicated in the Koebner phenomenon characteristically seen in psoriasis patients. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to scratch-induced CCL20 production remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that scratch injury upregulates the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and that

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18

Ghasemi, Rohollah, and Anders E. W. Jarfors. "Scratch Behaviour of Silicon Solid Solution Strengthened Ferritic Compacted Graphite Iron (CGI)." Materials Science Forum 925 (June 2018): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.925.318.

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The present study focuses on scratch behaviour of a conventional pearlitic and a number of solid solution strengthened ferritic Compacted Graphite Iron (CGI) alloys. This was done by employing a single-pass microscratch test using a sphero-conical diamond indenter under different constant normal loads conditions. Matrix solution hardening was made by alloying with different content of Si alloy; (3.66, 4.09 and 4.59 wt%. Si) which are named as low-Si, medium-Si and high-Si ferritic CGI alloys, respectively. A good correlation between the tensile and scratch test results was observed explaining

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19

MUSÍLEK, Michal. "PROJECT SCRATCH." Journal of Technology and Information 5, no. 1 (2013): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5507/jtie.2013.015.

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20

Tassoni, John Paul. "Editor's Introduction: Scratch Beyond Scratch." Open Words: Access and English Studies 9, no. 1 (2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.37514/opw-j.2015.9.1.01.

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21

da Silva, Dayanne Lopes, Emanuel Santos, Sérgio de Souza Camargo, and Antônio Carlos de Oliveira Ruellas. "Infrared spectroscopy, nano-mechanical properties, and scratch resistance of esthetic orthodontic coated archwires." Angle Orthodontist 85, no. 5 (2014): 777–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/070314-472.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the material composition, mechanical properties (hardness and elastic modulus), and scratch resistance of the coating of four commercialized esthetic orthodontic archwires. Materials and Methods: The coating composition of esthetic archwires was assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Coating hardness and elastic modulus were analyzed with instrumented nano-indentation tests. Scratch resistance of coatings was evaluated by scratch test. Coating micromorphologic characteristics after scratch tests were observed in a scanning electron microscop

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22

Jia, Huakun, Huimin Zhou, Zhehao Chen, Rongke Gao, Yang Lu, and Liandong Yu. "Research on Bearing Surface Scratch Detection Based on Improved YOLOV5." Sensors 24, no. 10 (2024): 3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24103002.

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Bearings are crucial components of machinery and equipment, and it is essential to inspect them thoroughly to ensure a high pass rate. Currently, bearing scratch detection is primarily carried out manually, which cannot meet industrial demands. This study presents research on the detection of bearing surface scratches. An improved YOLOV5 network, named YOLOV5-CDG, is proposed for detecting bearing surface defects using scratch images as targets. The YOLOV5-CDG model is based on the YOLOV5 network model with the addition of a Coordinate Attention (CA) mechanism module, fusion of Deformable Conv

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23

Polsawat, Achinee, Warunee Tipcharoen, and Apirat Siritaratiwat. "Utilization of CD and DVD Pick-Up Heads for Scratch Inspection of Magnetic Disk in Dynamic State Using Microcontroller." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (2020): 6897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196897.

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A non-destructive technique to inspect a scratch on all magnetic disks in the beginning process of hard disk drive (HDD) manufacturing by using CD and DVD pick-up heads as the detector is proposed. It requires a 100% disk inspection of micrometer-sized scratches in a quick measurement with low cost inventing. Most of the previous studies were in static state but this is the first time to be done in dynamic study using the microcontroller in order to promptly serve for industrial utilization. The size, position, and shape characteristic of scratches are examined using light reflection technique

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24

Marom, Saiful, and Wulan Izzatul Himmah. "Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Komputasional pada Guru Madrasah: Scratch." Afeksi: Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan 5, no. 6 (2024): 968–75. https://doi.org/10.59698/afeksi.v5i6.375.

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Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan terkait pemahaman guru madrasah pada kemampuan berpikir komputasional sebelum maupun setelah kegiatan implementasi pelatihan scrath serta bagaimana efektivitas penggunaan teknologi scratch dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas oleh guru madrasah. Metode dalam penelitian yang akan telah digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain one grup pretest and posttest. Populasi pada kegiatan penelitian ini adalah guru madrasah di wilayah binaan kementerian agama di Kabupaten Semarang dan Kudus. Teknik sampling yang akan digunakan adalah teknik sampling incidental di

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25

Domínguez-Domínguez, Guzman, Fernando Mas, and Carpoforo Vallellano. "A Preliminary Geometrical Characterization of Surface Scratches on Aluminium Alloys Used in the Aerospace Industry." Key Engineering Materials 955 (September 27, 2023): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-jxyss4.

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Surface marks, such as scratches or cosmetic marks, commonly appear during the manufacturing phase of metallic components, because of the contact between tools and sharp edges with the surface of the parts. Scratches, depending on their width, depth, and root radius, cause a decrease in the fatigue life of metallic alloys. In particular, the presence of scratches with a size comparable to the grain size favors the generation of fatigue cracks in these features. In the aerospace industry, the presence of surface marks is a common cause of rejection. The low hardness of aluminium, a material wid

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26

Zhang, Xianlei, Kefan Jiao, Shaoshuai Ma, and Yunyun Wu. "Effect of Scratches on Mechanical Properties and Impermeability of PVC-P Geomembranes." Polymers 17, no. 3 (2025): 277. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17030277.

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Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-P) geomembranes (GMBs) are susceptible to physical scratches due to improper construction in water conservancy projects. Axial tensile tests and permeability tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties and impermeability of PVC-P GMBs with scratches under various combinations of scratch angles, lengths, and depths. This was achieved by evaluating the break strength, break elongation, Young’s modulus, and permeability coefficient. The results demonstrated that physical scratches weaken the mechanical properties of PVC-P GMBs, and interacti

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27

Li, Yan, Chenming Ye, Yuyang Zhang, and Zhizhong Kang. "3-Dimensional Spatial Analysis of Parking Lot Wall Scratch Using Mobile Point Cloud Data." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-G-2025 (July 11, 2025): 535–41. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-g-2025-535-2025.

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Abstract. This study investigates the application of point cloud data for identifying and analyzing scratch patterns on walls within underground parking lots. As parking demands increase, narrow passages, intricate turns, and suboptimal layouts in parking facilities heighten minor collision risks, leading to substantial financial and operational costs. Conventional assessment methods, relying on on-site surveys and video surveillance, often fail to capture accurate spatial details and minor wall damages. This research employs high-precision point cloud data, complemented by image data, to prec

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28

Slesinger, W. "Scratch." Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 6, no. 2 (1999): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isle/6.2.213.

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29

Resnick, Mitchel, John Maloney, Andrés Monroy-Hernández, et al. "Scratch." Communications of the ACM 52, no. 11 (2009): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1592761.1592779.

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Donaldson, Alastair F., Daniel Kroening, and Philipp Ruemmer. "SCRATCH." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 46, no. 8 (2011): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2038037.1941604.

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31

Stern, Peter. "To scratch or not to scratch." Science 355, no. 6329 (2017): 1035.1–1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.355.6329.1035-a.

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32

Alishahedani, Mohammadali E., Manoj Yadav, Katelyn J. McCann, et al. "Therapeutic candidates for keloid scars identified by qualitative review of scratch assay research for wound healing." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (2021): e0253669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253669.

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The scratch assay is an in vitro technique used to analyze cell migration, proliferation, and cell-to-cell interaction. In the assay, cells are grown to confluence and then ‘scratched’ with a sterile instrument. For the cells in the leading edge, the resulting polarity induces migration and proliferation in attempt to ‘heal’ the modeled wound. Keloid scars are known to have an accelerated wound closure phenotype in the scratch assay, representing an overactivation of wound healing. We performed a qualitative review of the recent literature searching for inhibitors of scratch assay activity tha

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Rybnicek, Jan, Ralf Lach, Jan Schöne, et al. "Microstructure-Related Scratch Resistance and Indentation Creep Behavior of PA6 and PA6 Nanocomposites." Key Engineering Materials 592-593 (November 2013): 586–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.592-593.586.

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Instrumented scratch test was carried out to determine the scratch resistance of polyamide 6 (PA 6) nanocomposites, where two kinds of nanofillers were tested, both based on silicates: montmorillonite (MMT) and halloysite nanotubes (HNT). In this work the influence of the sliding velocity, normal applied load and time-dependent recovery on the penetration depth and scratch hardness was investigated. Optical microscopy was utilized to determine the width of the scratch grooves and scanning electron microscopy revealed the damage features of the scratched surfaces. Both MNT and HNT nanofillers i

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Dewi, Evi Rosyani, Dewinta Sari, and Nakeisha Diza Zulfikar. "Scratch as an Optimal Learning Media in Microlearning." Journal of English Education and Teaching 9, no. 1 (2025): 61–67. https://doi.org/10.33369/jeet.9.1.61-67.

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In the contemporary digital age, conventional pedagogical practices are transforming the microlearning approach, which disseminates content in discrete units to facilitate enhanced comprehension among learners. This article examines the potential of Scratch as an educational tool that can be employed to support the microlearning approach. Scratch is a block-based visual programming platform designed to facilitate beginners' learning of programming interactively. The utilization of Scratch across a range of educational levels has been demonstrated to enhance students' motivation, active engagem

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Tharajak, Jirasak, Tippaban Palathai, and Narongrit Sombatsompop. "Scratch Resistance and Adhesion Properties of PEEK Coating Filled with h-BN Nanoparticles." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.303.

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Effects of h-BN particles on mechanical properties and adhesion of semi-crystalline poly (ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) coatings were studied. PEEK powder was mixed with various contents of h-BN nanoparticle in ethanol under ultrasonic mixing. As-mixed powders were sprayed onto low carbon steel substrate with thermal spray technique. The hardness, scratch hardness, specific scratch wear rate, prevailing deformation mechanisms and adhesion were obtained from scratch tests by varying the applied load. The damage geometry on scratched polymer surfaces and scratch wear volume loss were examined using

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Chowdhury, Faizul Islam, MA Kashem, Md Anwar Hossain, et al. "Disseminated cat-scratch disease: a case report." Journal of Dhaka Medical College 22, no. 2 (2015): 229–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i2.21550.

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Cat-scratch disease is an infectious disease caused by Bartonella henselae, a gram-negative bacillus. The disease is usually transmitted to the human being by cat scratches. Cat-scratch disease typically presents with painful regional lymphadenopathy. Systemic involvement is unusual. A 35 years old lady, came with the complaints of fever, abdominal pain along with nausea, anorexia & difficulties of swallowing for 6 months. She has painful cervical lymphadenopathy. Histopathology of her lymph node biopsy shows features of cat-scratch disease. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i2.21550

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Ulzii, Dugarmaa, Makiko Kido-Nakahara, Takeshi Nakahara та ін. "Scratching Counteracts IL-13 Signaling by Upregulating the Decoy Receptor IL-13Rα2 in Keratinocytes". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, № 13 (2019): 3324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133324.

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The vicious itch–scratch cycle is a cardinal feature of atopic dermatitis (AD), in which IL-13 signaling plays a dominant role. Keratinocytes express two receptors: The heterodimeric IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1 and IL-13Rα2. The former one transduces a functional IL-13 signal, whereas the latter IL-13Rα2 works as a nonfunctional decoy receptor. To examine whether scratch injury affects the expression of IL-4Rα, IL-13Rα1, and IL-13Rα2, we scratched confluent keratinocyte sheets and examined the expression of three IL-13 receptors using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence techniques.

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Song, Fei, and Chen-Bo Zhong. "You scratch his back, he scratches mine and I’ll scratch yours: Deception in simultaneous cyclic networks." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 112 (April 2015): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2015.01.009.

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Ruiz-Rebollo, M. Lourdes, Benito Velayos-Jiménez, José María Prieto de Paula, María Álvarez Quiñones, and José Manuel González Hernández. "Cat Scratch Colon." Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy 2011 (April 28, 2011): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/875941.

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Over the past few years, we have read several publications regarding the term “cat scratch colon.” This neologism was developed to define some bright red linear markings seen in the colonic mucosa that resemble scratches made by a cat. We would like to communicate a recent case attended at our institution.

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Zhang, Ning, Yi Chen, Edward K. Sanchez, David R. Black, and Michael Dudley. "The Effect of 4H-SiC Substrate Surface Scratches on Chemical Vapor Deposition Grown Homo-Epitaxial Layer Quality." Materials Science Forum 615-617 (March 2009): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.109.

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The influence of substrate surface scratches on the quality of CVD grown 4H-SiC homo-epitaxial layers has been studied using a combination of post-growth Monochromatic Synchrotron X-ray Topography (MSXT) and KOH etching. MSXT observations suggest that the scratches on the substrate surface act as dislocation nucleation centers during the growth. When the scratch is along the off-cut direction, only TED-TED pairs are generated. As the inclination of the scratch to the off-cut direction increases, an increasing number of TED-BPD pairs are generated. A model is presented for a possible mechanism

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Marom, Saiful, and M. Agung Hidayatulloh. "Pengembangan Aplikasi SCRATCH untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi." AKSIOMA : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 15, no. 1 (2024): 84–92. https://doi.org/10.26877/aks.v15i1.18602.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi scratchÂ yang di integrasikan nilai keislaman yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran siswa pada sekolah jenjang dasar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi numerasi. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan dengan model 4D yang terdiri dari empat tahapan utama yaitu mendefinisikan (define), mendesain (design), mengembangkan (develop), dan mendesiminasikan (dessiminate). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kelas 1 Sekolag Dasar dengan menggunakan instrumen penelitian melalui wawancara, menggunakan angket validasi ahli, telah dilak

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Price, James J., Tingge Xu, Binwei Zhang, et al. "Nanoindentation Hardness and Practical Scratch Resistance in Mechanically Tunable Anti-Reflection Coatings." Coatings 11, no. 2 (2021): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020213.

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This work presents fundamental understanding of the correlation between nanoindentation hardness and practical scratch resistance for mechanically tunable anti-reflective (AR) hardcoatings. These coatings exhibit a unique design freedom, allowing quasi-continuous variation in the thickness of a central hardcoat layer in the multilayer design, with minimal impact on anti-reflective optical performance. This allows detailed study of anti-reflection coating durability based on variations in hardness vs. depth profiles, without the durability results being confounded by variations in optics. Finit

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Guo, Yanbin, Lulu Huang, Yingbin Liu, Jun Liu, and Guoping Wang. "Establishment of the Complete Closed Mesh Model of Rail-Surface Scratch Data for Online Repair." Sensors 20, no. 17 (2020): 4736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174736.

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Rail surface scratching occurs with increasing frequency, seriously threatening the safety of vehicles and humans. Online repair of rail-surface scratches on damaged rails with scratch depths >1 mm is of increased importance, because direct rail-replacement has the disadvantages of long operation time, high manpower and high material costs. Advanced online repair of rail-surface scratch using three-dimensional (3D) metal printing technology such as laser cladding has become an increasing trend, desperately demanding a solution for the fast and precise establishment of a complete closed mesh

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Yovita, Yovita, Mery Berlian, Desi Nori Sahputri, Rian Vebrianto, Dilva Hardila, and Musa Thahir. "Scracth E-Modul: Inspecting Expert Validation." AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan 15, no. 4 (2023): 4355–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i4.3070.

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Learning that is obtained quickly is always associated with technological developments. Scratch is a simple coding application that can be used in learning systems. This study aimed to analyze the validity of a Scratch-based E-Module learning media on the earth and the universe for grade 5 elementary schools, making the learning process more meaningful. This study used a research and development (RD) design with a quantitative descriptive approach where experts assessed the learning media that has been developed. The experts involved in this study were 9 people, including five lecturers and fo

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YAMAMOYO, Shozo. "Anti-Scratch Paint Development of Scratch Shield." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 112, no. 1086 (2009): 418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.112.1086_418.

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Li, Bingjian, Zi Yang Kang, Jiahuang Lin, Ye Yeo, and Guoxian Tan. "General theories of reflection and transmission scratch holograms." Canadian Journal of Physics 95, no. 5 (2017): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2016-0471.

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Scratch holograms can be created easily and the associated interesting phenomena may be observed in daily life. In this paper, general and quantitative theories of scratch holograms were derived and presented. Both the reflection case where a scratch hologram reflects light, and the transmission case where it refracts and transmits light, were considered. A predictive model, which has not been presented in the literature, was developed. The model was able to solve for the position of the bright points along the scratches using a computational method. Extensive experimentation was carried out w

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Li, Kun Ming, Yi Wang Bao, De Tian Wan, Yan Li Huo, and Jin Yi Wu. "Evaluating Adhesion of Ceramic Coatings by Scratch Testing." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 959–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.959.

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Adhesion is one of the most important mechanical properties of ceramic coatings. Scratch testing is considered as a simple and effective method to evaluate adhesion of ceramic coatings. In this paper, the critical normal forces and scratch morphologies for different coating-substrate systems were studied by scratch testing. It is shown that the critical normal force obtained by acoustic emission (AE) signals decreases from 12 N to 7 N when the applied normal force rate increases from 20 N/min to 100 N/min for CVD SiC on C, and the failure area of this scratched sample increases with increasing

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Endo, K., H. Sumitsuji, T. Fukuzumi, J. Adachi, and T. Aoki. "Evaluation of scratch movements by a new scratch-monitor to analyze nocturnal itching in atopic dermatitis." Acta Dermato-Venereologica 77, no. 6 (1997): 432–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/0001555577432435.

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Itching is very important in atopic dermatitis, but the details of itching or scratch movements, especially during sleep at night, have not yet been fully comprehended. We designed a new, simple device, the Scratch-Monitor (SM), to evaluate scratch movements at night and assessed the usefulness of this device by a comparison involving 26 patients and 17 healthy controls. The SM, a box weighing only 25 g with a pressure sensor on the bottom, is attached to the back of each hand under a cotton glove and records the number as scratch movements per minute in the case of more than three successive

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Khan, M. K., Michael E. Fitzpatrick, L. E. Edwards, and S. V. Hainsworth. "Determination of the Residual Stress Field around Scratches Using Synchrotron X-Rays and Nanoindentation." Materials Science Forum 652 (May 2010): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.652.25.

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The residual strain field around the scratches of 125µm depth and 5µm root radius have been measured from the Synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Scratches were produced using different tools in fine-grained aluminium alloy AA 5091. Residual stresses up to +1700 micro-strains were measured at the scratch tip for one tool but remained up to only +1000 micro-strains for the other tool scratch. The load-displacement curves obtained from nanoindentation were used to determine the residual stresses around the scratches. It was found that the load-displacement curves are sensitive to any local residual s

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Satpathy, Sweety, and Amitava Ghosh. "On Material Removal Mechanism in High Speed Single Grit Scratch-Grinding of Cryo-Treated Al2024-T351 Aluminium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 1009 (August 2020): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1009.123.

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Feasibility of utilizing cryogenic technology to improve the shearability of Al2024-T351 alloy is experimentally investigated by carrying out a single grit scratch-grinding test. A single grit brazed diamond grinding tool is developed for the study. Al2024-T351 work specimens are treated with liquid nitrogen for 6 hours before the scratch test. Although there was no significant change in the tensile strength of the material, the surface experiences change in the microhardness. It helps in arresting the side flow and ploughing of the material during high speed scratch grinding. The scratched gr

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