Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Scuola speciale'
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Ferrari, Luca <1980>. "Per una implementazione sostenibile delle nuove tecnologie a scuola." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7437/4/tesi_dottorato_28_marzo_2016_b.pdf.
Full textLa presente dissertazione si propone di esplorare, da un punto di vista pedagogico e secondo un approccio qualitativo, il tema della implementazione sostenibile delle nuove tecnologie digitali in ambito scolastico. A partire dai risultati delle indagini esplorative condotte nella Regione Emilia Romagna (Italia) e nello Stato de El Salvador (America Centrale), le considerazioni raccolte e organizzate in questo lavoro vorrebbero rappresentare un primo contributo d’indirizzo politico e pedagogico per sostenere sia le scuole in aree e/o in situazioni di svantaggio, sia le scuole considerate di “eccellenza” nel cooperare tra loro e nel governare adeguatamente i processi che rendono “possibile” la implementazione sostenibile e sistemica delle TIC nella scuola.
Ferrari, Luca <1980>. "Per una implementazione sostenibile delle nuove tecnologie a scuola." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7437/.
Full textLa presente dissertazione si propone di esplorare, da un punto di vista pedagogico e secondo un approccio qualitativo, il tema della implementazione sostenibile delle nuove tecnologie digitali in ambito scolastico. A partire dai risultati delle indagini esplorative condotte nella Regione Emilia Romagna (Italia) e nello Stato de El Salvador (America Centrale), le considerazioni raccolte e organizzate in questo lavoro vorrebbero rappresentare un primo contributo d’indirizzo politico e pedagogico per sostenere sia le scuole in aree e/o in situazioni di svantaggio, sia le scuole considerate di “eccellenza” nel cooperare tra loro e nel governare adeguatamente i processi che rendono “possibile” la implementazione sostenibile e sistemica delle TIC nella scuola.
Russo, Veronica <1986>. "L'alternanza scuola-lavoro al museo: una ricerca empirico-descrittiva in Emilia-Romagna." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9283/1/Tesi%20di%20dottorato%20Russo%20Veronica.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to develop the subject of School-Work Alternance (SWA) in museum which has drawn relevant attention after the promulgation of the law L. 107/2015. This law has established a mandatory work experience for all the students attending the upper secondary schools with specific reference to jobs in museums. The framework of this research is Emilia-Romagna, a choice driven by the effort this region – already from the end of the Nineties – has put into promoting school-job integrated paths. The research started from the reference literature on the relationship between education and workplace, both in a national and international context, and was structured in two phases: the first one is a qualitative analysis of the phenomenon, based on semi-structured interviews with a restricted number of privileged witnesses, belonging to an institutional, educational or museum’s framework; the second phase consists of a quantitative analysis of the phenomenon by the use of a survey on a much wider sample, with semi-structured questionnaires targeting students as well as SWA referents and tutors, both from schools and from museums. Specifically, the survey has involved 430 students of 28 schools of the region, all of which – as a whole – were involved in 495 SWA experiences starting from the school year 2015-2016. In addition, the research involved also 56 SWA referents and tutors from 45 different schools as well as 86 SWA referents and tutors from 83 different museums.
Soares, dos Santos Jacia Maria <1979>. "Il malessere docente nella scuola contemporanea : uno studio tra Brasile e Italia." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10260.
Full textTagliati, Claudia <1976>. "La città educativa e le nuove tecnologie. L'integrazione scuola-territorio nella società della comunicazione." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1003/1/Tesi_Tagliati_Claudia.pdf.
Full textTagliati, Claudia <1976>. "La città educativa e le nuove tecnologie. L'integrazione scuola-territorio nella società della comunicazione." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1003/.
Full textCoin, Francesca <1985>. "La didattica enattiva per una scuola dell’inclusione : uno studio nelle classi con alunni stranieri." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/8316.
Full textNOVELLA, FRANCESCA. "“Crescere con la musica” Migliorare le abilità di lettura a scuola: un laboratorio ritmico musicale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3449421.
Full textThis study reflects on the relationship between music and body movement, and on the ways they can act jointly in order to facilitate pupils' learning. Numerous studies have explored the relations among language and music competences; it is possible to strengthen children's reading and writing competences by involving them in activities centred on rhythm, on integrated song-rhythm-body patterns, and on coordinating motor skills. We offer a literature review focusing on “active methods”, and we present the results of studying music education through the workshop "Growing up with music", centred on the body experience, rhythm, and sound as learning vehicles, paying specific attention to reading abilities. By moving and by making use of his/her body the child plays a key role in experiencing music: the sound guides the movements, and it contributes to enhancing rhythm skills that are learned through the body movement and experience. The body becomes a music instrument, able to produce countless sounds and at the same time a place where experiences are born and stored, eliciting language as well as feelings and emotions that allow the child to connect with the other children. Based on the analysis of the empirical evidence and on the literature review, the core idea that emerges goes beyond detecting the actual improvements in children's rhythmic and functional reading skills, in order to contribute to strengthen such interventions within a preventive frame finalized to reducing children learning difficulties as well as making schooling more accessible to everybody, responding to the needs of a school that works for good integration and is attentive both to meeting specific needs and to educational quality by accompanying, the growth of its pupils with music.
MARTINAZZOLI, CATERINA. "Bambini con disabilità provenienti da contesti migratori: aspetti culturali, educativi e didattici." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1027.
Full textPupils with disability coming from migratory backgrounds are frequently present in current, multi-ethnic and in constant changing society and school. Scientific attention to the phenomenon in Italy is still limited. The purpose of the work is to analyse educational and didactic aspects of this category of children, which are characterized by a double inclusion difficulty, through the understanding of migratory dynamics and cultural representations of health, illness and disability. Transcultural questions of migratory shock and different conceptions of health, illness and disability in the world and in foreign countries are addressed in this study with respect to the inclusion of pupils with disability and pupils coming from migratory backgrounds in Italy, for the purpose of focusing on “children with disability coming from migratory backgrounds”. An exploratory field research at schools in the province of Piacenza, with interviews to teachers and analysis of scholar documents, has allowed a practical understanding of the phenomenon. Theoretical and experimental research conducted support a trans-cultural special Education and Didactics approach, which considers children with disability coming from migratory background and their needs through a multidimensional view: both disability and different cultural belonging need to be addressed through a global and integrated action and method.
Rampioni, Patrizia <1971>. "Il coordinatore pedagogico nella scuola dell'infanzia statale: modelli e prospettive di sviluppo. Presentazione di due casi studio." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9120/5/Tesi%20Coordinamento%20pedagogico%20nella%20scuola%20dell%27infanzia%20statale%20-%20Rampioni%202019.pdf.
Full textThe study focalise on the pedagogical coordination in the governamental pre-schools after the new law 107/2015 which reform the ecec system turning it from a split system in an integrated system 0-6. In particular the research intend to explore new possible organisational and functional models of pedagogical coordination at the light of the new law. The empiric research has used the case study methods analysing experiences of coordination in cities of Bologna and Vignola; a group research of coordinators and 2 in depth semi-structured interview to second level coordinator were conducted; also 3 school principal were interviewd. The collected data have been analysed using the spiral-like methodology of grounded theory.
Rota, Giacomo. "Tutti per uno, uno per tutti: il libro di testo strumento polifonico nella scuola primaria?" Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/128746.
Full textEvery year italian schools dedicate attention and time to the adoption of textbooks. There is a certain degree of rituality in this, in the sense that the choice of a book, while based on strong motivations (also supported by analysis grids and well-organized collegial meetings) is almost taken for granted, obvious. However, only in few countries exists a compulsory adoption of a textbook, medium or instrument that often, in the italian school system, rises to the role of hard core, foundation, permanent center of gravity around which every activities of the class is build. This centrality seems not to be questioned at all, not even in the presence of a certain pressure exerted recently by the technological / digital revolution, which has made available other resources for learning: in many cases these are used as "integrative" compared to the reference text, giving rise to a market in which the publishing houses invest resources in the preparation of digital tools, presented as innovative in support of "normal" textbooks. The adoption of the books is none other than one of the contradictory requests coming from the Italian school system: in fact, if on the one hand the MIUR asks to respond to the differences of each student (he also asks to personalize), on the other hand there is a centralized curriculum that provides for a single path for each student. It is assumed in a sense that everyone should do the same things and hence the use of the only textbook. But if the school world is urged to pay more attention to interpersonal differences (recent legislation regarding pupils with Special Educational Needs), it is implicitly acknowledged that the starting points and growth of each one are different: consequently, it is not said that both the instruments and the final goals must not be. The research, using a historical-documental approach with pedagogical curvature, intends to investigate the potential and the limits of the textbook as regards its accessibility to all the students of the class.
FARINA, ELISA. "Il dettato nella scuola primaria. Analisi di una pratica di insegnamento." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/39279.
Full textGiovannini, Valentina <1966>. "Ambienti innovativi per l'apprendimento: Modelli interpretativi e contributi di esperienze. Uno studio sull'organizzazione di Scuola-Città Pestalozzi a Firenze." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6368/1/Giovannini_Valentina_tesi.pdf.pdf.
Full textThis doctoral thesis explores the issue of innovation in school education, a topic international institutions and school organization are increasingly interested in for the economic and socio-political implications involved. The research undertaken aims at offering a contribution to the systemic and analytic studies in the field of learning approaches innovation, focusing on a theoretical investigation and empirical analysis. The concept of learning environment has been approached from different perspectives, focusing mainly on the project framework "Innovative Learning Environment" (ILE) of the Organization for Economic and Cultural Development (OECD). A holistic approach is at the basis of the above project, making the learning environment the key factor to educational innovation in keeping with 21st century skills. The criterions used in the project framework have been used for analyzing an experience proposed as a case-study, Scuola-Città Pestalozzi in Florence, selected as in the school year 2011/2012 it carried out a transformation "plan" of the learning environment affecting above all the features of time/school. The qualitative research aimed at bringing out the interpretations of the actors: from the analysis of the project and the material provided by the school a guideline for an exploratory focus-group has followed, leading to the choice of the issues of the semi-structured interviews to primary and lower secondary schools teachers. As for the results, the transcriptions of the interviews are interpreted through phenomenographical analysis selecting text units logically connected to relevant conceptual categories. The empirical material thus analyzed has pointed out some interpretative categories in relation to the nature and to the aims of teaching/learning experiences, to the organization process, to sustainability. Of special interest among the research results are those played by the teacher role.
Giovannini, Valentina <1966>. "Ambienti innovativi per l'apprendimento: Modelli interpretativi e contributi di esperienze. Uno studio sull'organizzazione di Scuola-Città Pestalozzi a Firenze." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6368/.
Full textThis doctoral thesis explores the issue of innovation in school education, a topic international institutions and school organization are increasingly interested in for the economic and socio-political implications involved. The research undertaken aims at offering a contribution to the systemic and analytic studies in the field of learning approaches innovation, focusing on a theoretical investigation and empirical analysis. The concept of learning environment has been approached from different perspectives, focusing mainly on the project framework "Innovative Learning Environment" (ILE) of the Organization for Economic and Cultural Development (OECD). A holistic approach is at the basis of the above project, making the learning environment the key factor to educational innovation in keeping with 21st century skills. The criterions used in the project framework have been used for analyzing an experience proposed as a case-study, Scuola-Città Pestalozzi in Florence, selected as in the school year 2011/2012 it carried out a transformation "plan" of the learning environment affecting above all the features of time/school. The qualitative research aimed at bringing out the interpretations of the actors: from the analysis of the project and the material provided by the school a guideline for an exploratory focus-group has followed, leading to the choice of the issues of the semi-structured interviews to primary and lower secondary schools teachers. As for the results, the transcriptions of the interviews are interpreted through phenomenographical analysis selecting text units logically connected to relevant conceptual categories. The empirical material thus analyzed has pointed out some interpretative categories in relation to the nature and to the aims of teaching/learning experiences, to the organization process, to sustainability. Of special interest among the research results are those played by the teacher role.
Mazzucco, Cristina. "Cooperare nella scuola per costruire comunità. Dimensioni organizzative e culturali, metodologie e strategie operative." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426873.
Full textLa presente tesi di dottorato si è proposta di chiarire se e a quali condizioni è possibile oggi una “scuola comunità”. Nel primo capitolo si cerca di fare chiarezza attorno al costrutto di comunità rilevando, a tal proposito, un uso spesso inflazionato e una polisemanticità e ambiguità del termine, spesso usato più come metafora che come concetto analitico. In particolare si è cercato di recuperare l’analisi che, a partire dalla fine del diciannovesimo secolo, è stata realizzata da alcuni sociologi, per proseguire fino ai giorni nostri con i dibattiti contemporanei che hanno visto contrapporsi fra loro le posizioni, soprattutto nel mondo anglosassone, dei liberals e dei communitarians. Se alcuni autori di fine Ottocento hanno pensato alla comunità come ad una tappa del processo di social change che vede l’affermarsi della società sulla comunità evidenziando un carattere evolutivo della coppia dicotomica, altri, soprattutto in tempi più recenti, hanno evidenziato una tendenza intrinseca dei due ideal tipi a coesistere e mescolarsi, ritenendo possibile la coesistenza di vita comunitaria accanto a forme di vita societaria. Nel secondo capitolo si è tentato di cogliere la valenza pedagogica della comunità, rilevando, in particolare, che il valore comunitario si realizza nella sua peculiarità educativa quando la comunità agisce consapevolmente e intenzionalmente per la formazione delle persone che in essa vivono. Da una parte si è cercato di delineare i tentativi, fatti in Italia, dai Decreti Delegati (dopo la crisi del ’68 e il Rapporto Faure) alla scuola dell’autonomia dei giorni nostri (2000), per la creazione di una comunità scolastica autentica. Dall’altra, allo scopo di realizzare un confronto sul piano internazionale, si è guardato agli Stati Uniti e in particolare alle esperienze di community school seguite e documentate da Thomas Sergiovanni, a San Antonio in Texas in collaborazione con la Trinity University. Tali esperienze, e più ancora tale autore, sono divenuti il riferimento principale del percorso, sia dal punto di vista della riflessione teorica che dal punto di vista operativo. Nel terzo capitolo sono state messe in rilievo le scelte pedagogiche, metodologiche e didattiche più coerenti con il modello e più adatte allo sviluppo delle dimensioni organizzative e culturali, in cui una scuola comunità può essere declinata. Un particolare approfondimento è stato fatto all’interno del capitolo in merito ai metodi cooperativi ritenuti particolarmente coerenti per l’organizzazione dell’attività in classe e nella scuola, nei gruppi studenti e nei gruppi docenti. Nell’ultimo capitolo si è descritto l’intervento sul campo che è stato realizzato con i Centri Infanzia della Cooperativa “Insieme Si Può” ,collegata a Fondazione “Ispirazione”, ente promotore e sostenitore del progetto. In particolare, l’obiettivo dell’intervento (sviluppato secondo la metodologia della ricerca azione action research) è stato quello di testare alcuni strumenti operativi per verificarne, anche se in modo empirico, la funzionalità ai fini della promozione delle dimensioni in cui la scuola comunità si declina. Nella consapevolezza di intraprendere un percorso che non poteva portare ad una meta definitiva, e cioè alla creazione di un’autentica scuola comunità si è proceduto considerando tale meta come un ideale regolativo verso cui muovere e con cui comparare la realtà. Rispetto a questa meta si è cercato di dare un piccolo contributo per lo studio delle caratteristiche necessarie ad una possibile ipotesi progettuale.
MOLTENI, PAOLA. "AUTISMO E SCUOLA: DIMENSIONI EDUCATIVE DEL LAVORO DI RETE TRA ESPERIENZE LOCALI E PROSPETTIVE INTERNAZIONALI." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6171.
Full textGallicchio, Adriana <1970>. "Le rappresentazioni sociali della musica degli insegnanti di scuola dell'infanzia. Documenti orientativi e indagini empiriche a confronto tra Italia e Venezuela." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5514/1/gallicchio_adriana_tesi.pdf.
Full textThis work is to study the effect of social representations of music college students who will become teachers of kindergarten and in particular the changes that occur during the university education period in Italy and Venezuela. The main objective was to make a comparison on the following issues: musical child, skills of the teacher and the purpose of music education. This work is embedded within the project "The musical knowledge as a social representation" (Addessi-Carugati 2010). The leading hypothesis is that the implicit conceptions of music work as social representations that influence the practices of teaching and music education. The first chapter deals with the themes of children, teachers and music education in kindergarten in Italy and Venezuela. The second shows studies on musical knowledge, the theory of social representations (Moscovici 1981) and the pilot project at the University of Bologna "The musical knowledge as Social Representation". The third chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of the empirical investigation carried out on a group of students of teacher training at the University of Mérida (Venezuela). In the fourth chapter we reflect and discuss on the results of the comparative study, the plans and programs of graduate study and the professional music teacher profile. The conclusions illustrate how the initial hypothesis has actually been confirmed: by the analysis and interpretation of the findings seems that the concepts implicit knowledge about music owned by the students affect their practice as future teachers. It was also noted that the differences encountered seem to be caused by different types of variables in the environment of the music education teacher, and especially by the meanings expressed by the different teaching contents, the social and cultural contexts and university curriculum.
Gallicchio, Adriana <1970>. "Le rappresentazioni sociali della musica degli insegnanti di scuola dell'infanzia. Documenti orientativi e indagini empiriche a confronto tra Italia e Venezuela." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5514/.
Full textThis work is to study the effect of social representations of music college students who will become teachers of kindergarten and in particular the changes that occur during the university education period in Italy and Venezuela. The main objective was to make a comparison on the following issues: musical child, skills of the teacher and the purpose of music education. This work is embedded within the project "The musical knowledge as a social representation" (Addessi-Carugati 2010). The leading hypothesis is that the implicit conceptions of music work as social representations that influence the practices of teaching and music education. The first chapter deals with the themes of children, teachers and music education in kindergarten in Italy and Venezuela. The second shows studies on musical knowledge, the theory of social representations (Moscovici 1981) and the pilot project at the University of Bologna "The musical knowledge as Social Representation". The third chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of the empirical investigation carried out on a group of students of teacher training at the University of Mérida (Venezuela). In the fourth chapter we reflect and discuss on the results of the comparative study, the plans and programs of graduate study and the professional music teacher profile. The conclusions illustrate how the initial hypothesis has actually been confirmed: by the analysis and interpretation of the findings seems that the concepts implicit knowledge about music owned by the students affect their practice as future teachers. It was also noted that the differences encountered seem to be caused by different types of variables in the environment of the music education teacher, and especially by the meanings expressed by the different teaching contents, the social and cultural contexts and university curriculum.
FERRI, LETIZIA. "Il liceo artigianale, la creazione di un nuovo modello di scuola al servizio di una concezione unitaria dell'uomo nel mondo." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/181488.
Full textCortiana, Paola. "I significati dello scrivere a scuola nell'era digitale. Analisi della motivazione degli studenti e proposte didattiche." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424472.
Full textLa presente ricerca si interroga su quale sia l’origine dell’atteggiamento demotivato trasversalmente diffuso a scuola verso la scrittura da parte di ragazze e ragazzi, e su come sia possibile porvi rimedio. Lo studio è basato sull’ipotesi che la motivazione a scrivere cambi in relazione a particolari generi e processi e con il progredire del grado scolastico. Dopo l’analisi della letteratura, lo studio ha previsto la costruzione di strumenti per la rilevazione della motivazione rispetto a generi e pratiche di scrittura: questa parte della ricerca ha coinvolto 707 studenti e ha compreso tre fasi. Nella fase preliminare, ad alunni di 5^ scuola primaria, 2^ scuola secondaria di 1^ grado e di 2^ e 4^ secondaria di 2^ grado (N = 165) è stato chiesto di indicare, in forma scritta, tipologie e pratiche di scrittura che apprezzavano di più e di meno dentro e fuori scuola. Le risposte degli studenti sono state integrate con le informazioni provenienti da documenti ministeriali, dando vita, nella seconda fase, a due questionari motivazionali su generi e processi di scrittura. Tali questionari sono stati somministrati in forma esplorativa a studenti dello stesso grado scolastico della fase di pre-indagine (N = 200), che hanno valutato ogni quesito su una scala a 5 punti ("Per niente"- "Moltissimo") su quattro dimensioni: piacevolezza, autopercezione di competenza, utilità e valore per l’espressione del sé. In base ai risultati di questa somministrazione esplorativa i questionari sono stati modificati e somministrati nella terza fase a 361 studenti. Le analisi fattoriali hanno evidenziato diverse strutture fattoriali per ogni dimensione. Le analisi della varianza e le analisi post-hoc, effettuate sui punteggi fattoriali, hanno fatto emergere differenze interessanti per ogni dimensione, evidenziando un andamento significativamente diverso per generi di scrittura realizzati con le nuove tecnologie. Sulla base dei risultati emersi sono state elaborate considerazioni pedagogiche e proposte di sviluppi didattici. In particolare sono state sperimentate due metodologie basate su un concetto multimodale di composizione e sull’utilizzo della scrittura del blog. Le esperienze realizzate hanno evidenziato aspetti positivi e criticità legate al rapporto tra scrittura tradizionale e nuove forme di comunicazione. Lo studio conferma nell’insieme che la scrittura è un processo complesso da insegnare; evidenzia però anche le ampie possibilità insite in approcci che tengono conto delle componenti motivazionali e dei cambiamenti introdotti dalle nuove tecnologie, offrendo ai giovani occasioni plurime e alternative di scrittura.
Anelli, Beatrice. "Laboratorio permanente di educazione alla lettura: una ricerca-azione nella scuola primaria e secondaria di primo grado." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427322.
Full textThe object of the research was the realization, in a participant perspective, of a permanent reading education laboratory in primary and secondary schools. The aim was to bring a methodological and didactic innovation regarding reading education, through a semistructured form of learning that involved teachers first and foremost. This goal has been divided into three main objectives: to design and implement a training course for in-service teachers, aimed at developing skills in methodologies, strategies, techniques and tools for motivated and competent reader education in the field of design curriculum; establish a community of professional practice for continuous training, self-training, exchange and sharing of specific teaching resources from a participatory planning perspective; to build an integrated learning environment where to connect practices, processes, reading resources to Digital Literacy indicators (Ala-Mutka, 2011), through the integration of ICT and 2.0 tools combining hard and soft skills. The protagonists of this research, which took the form of action research with mixed methods, were the teachers. In terms of participatory planning, the idea of long-term support within schools has been developed to allow teachers to have a continuous reference about reading education and related aspects. The choice of the most suitable support has branched out on three levels: teacher training, classroom reading projects and digital sharing environment, and took the form of the laboratory (De Bartolomeis, 1978; Travaglini, 2009; Frabboni, 2005; Lanfranconi Betti, 2005). The research had as expected results then achieved: a greater use of the non-text book, a greater awareness of the potential of the book object and an increase in reading education activities. Problems, on the other hand, have been detected regarding the expectation of sharing material (online).
Di, Gaeta Maria Ilaria. "Abitare la scuola. Ricerca esplorativa sulle opportunità educative offerte dallo spazio, in prospettiva inclusiva." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424193.
Full textIn occidente, l'architettura scolastica negli ultimi anni ha assunto un crescente interesse all'interno di un dibattito più ampio sul miglioramento e la valorizzazione dell’istruzione. L'architettura degli edifici scolastici è divenuto un tema dibattuto anche in Italia, dove nel 2013 sono state presentate le Nuove Linee Guida per l'Edilizia Scolastica, e in Alto Adige nel 2009 sono state approvate le Nuove Direttive Provinciali per l'Edilizia Scolastica. La presente ricerca si prefigge non solo di approfondire il tema dello spazio fisico della scuola dell'obbligo, ma anche di scoprire quali sono le opportunità che lo spazio fisico della scuola dell'obbligo offre all'educazione inclusiva orientata a promuovere pari opportunità di sviluppo. Inoltre un ulteriore obiettivo della ricerca è conoscere le priorità degli architetti che si occupano della progettazione di edifici e spazi scolastici al fine di comprendere come queste si relazionano con le priorità della didattica. Al fine di rispondere alle domande generative del percorso di ricerca si è scelto di rivolgersi a testimoni privilegiati, architetti che si occupano di architettura scolastica ed interior designer degli spazi scolastici e luoghi della formazione. Si è scelto di adottare un processo d’investigazione di tipo qualitativo, lo strumento di rilevazione utilizzato è stato l'intervista semi-strutturata. Nell'analisi dei dati sono emerse le molte variabili da considerare nella progettazione di un edificio scolastico che si vuole luogo da abitare, al fine di offrire molteplici opportunità per ospitare ed avere cura di ogni persona per promuovere il suo sviluppo. È anche emerso che agli architetti a cui è dato il mandato di progettazione lo spazio scolastico, non viene richiesto un confronto con esperti in ambito educativo, né con gli insegnanti, tale disattenzione può avere ricadute sulla dimensione educativa e sulla didattica causando anche forme di micro-esclusione. Abbiamo inoltre rintracciato differenti relazioni tra l'architettura, l'arredo e la dimensione didattica che permettono un dialogo tra le discipline.
FALCONE, CATERINA. "Il potenziale educativo della narrazione multilinguistica e multimediale. Uno studio di caso multiplo e di ricerca basata su progetti nella scuola primaria." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/262893.
Full textThe cultural and linguistic diversities in the educational scene fuel the debate amongst various fields - psychological, political and pedagogical - and amongst school teachers. The latter often struggle with these diversities due to the fact that their training does not strongly support the reality of the classroom (Pastori, 2015b). Although literature considers and expresses the central role of the language of origin into the learning and identity processes (Cummins, 1984; Dodman, 2013), the educational system often considers diversity as a threat to the integrity of the school (Aguiar et al., 2017). In Italy, for instance, it is still common for educators and teachers to not take into account the cultural background and the plurilingual skills of the pupils, and fear that bilingual students will learn the Italian language more slowly if their language of origin is spoken at home (Pastori, 2015b). Although there are many teaching strategies for supporting the teaching-learning processes oriented to an inclusive an plurilingual approach (Candelier et al., 2012), national and international documents invite schools to use innovative teaching methods involving technologies (Cummins & Early, 2011; Ebenhofer & Knierzinger, 2007). Moreover, the literature shows that technology increases the pupils’ interest and the engagement in classroom activities and should not be understood as a substitute of the real world, but as an amplifier of concrete experiences (Boulton, 2017). In this regard, this project aims at studying an innovative method to create inclusive and multilingual curricula: Digital Storytelling (Lambert, 2003; Pezzot, 2016; Robin, 2008a). In the last decade, Digital Storytelling (DS) has increasingly emerged as a powerful teaching and learning tool for both teachers and students, and many scholars have documented its educational, multi-layered value (Di Blas & Paolini, 2013; Robin, 2008; Sadik, 2008; Brown, Bryan & Brown, 2005; Robin, 2008; Göttel, 2011; Papadimitriou et al., 2013). However, only a few studies (Anderson & Macleroy, 2017; Edwards, Pemberton, & Monaghan, 2002; Lu et al., 2011) have explored the specific opportunities that DS tool can provide as a means to develop the plurilingual and intercultural competencies, that represent an essential part of Twenty-First Century Skills, and as a valuable tool to increase students’ and teachers’ cultural and linguistic awareness. The present doctoral research, set within the EU-funded international project ISOTIS (Inclusive Education and Social Support to Tackle Inequalities in Society), aims to address this gap. Through a Design-Based Research method (Pellerey, 2005; Wang, Hannafin, 2005), combined with a Multiple Case Study approach (Pastori, 2017; Yin, 1981, 2011), teachers of three primary schools have been involved in the creation of a collaborative multilingual DS activity. In particular, the current project is mainly aimed at: 1. Understanding if DS could be an effective educational method to promote Language Awareness and Intercultural Competence. 2. Identifying the essential elements, the strengths and weaknesses of the use of multilingual DS in the class. 3. Highlighting methodological criteria that enable to adjust the multilingual DS activity according to other school contexts.
Messina, Salvatore. "Competenza digitale dei docenti e disabilità. Formazione su Episodi di Apprendimento Situato (EAS) per l'innovazione didattica." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/242855.
Full textLa investigación realizada nos ha permitido estructurar una serie de reflexiones iniciadas en el marco de mis estudios universitarios, relativas al alto nivel de apoyo que pueden ofrecer las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) respecto a la educación del alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales (NEE). Partiendo de la idea de que la innovación didáctica conlleva la innovación digital y pasa necesariamente por un uso consciente de diferentes herramientas tecnológicas, se constata la necesidad de investigar sobre modelos didácticos y de mejora de las competencias digitales de los docentes, sobre todo en lo referido a la intervención con alumnado con NEE Un primer nivel de investigación permite analizar cómo y cuándo usar una determinada tecnología para desarrollar una competencia específica (por ejemplo, utilizar un software creado para apoyar la estimulación de determinadas habilidades como puede ser la de lectura). En un segundo nivel, interesa detectar la metodología o metodologías basadas en el uso de TIC utilizadas por el alumnado en su actividad cotidiana y que contribuyen al desarrollo de competencias clave. Resulta difícil desvincularse de la relación natural entre TIC e inclusión. Eso es posible detectarlo en lo que ya Gibson (1979) definió con el principio de affordance para indicar las características propias de cualquier objeto o herramienta y las posibilidades de acción que un sujeto percibe sobre los usos que puede realizar con ella. Es decir, lo que es posible hacer con las distintas tecnologías digitales que tenemos a nuestra disposición. En las anteriores generaciones de docentes se detecta todavía resistencia en su actitud hacia la tecnología, acostumbrados a una enseñanza apoyada en la transmisión del saber, que privilegia el contenido como elemento fundamental del conocimiento y reduce el saber hacer (Le Boterf, 1994; Perrenaud, 1997) elemento clave si se quiere desarrollar las competencias del alumnado. No es posible reconocer los puntos fuertes en el uso de las TIC y, en contra, ofrecer experiencias formativas que obliguen al alumnado a seguir modalidades muy lejanas al mundo tecnológico que tienen alrededor. Saliendo de estos aspectos interpretativos, nos preguntamos: ¿por qué las tecnologías digitales pueden ofrecer un apoyo válido al aprendizaje? En el caso de alumnado con graves discapacidades, por ejemplo, en la mayor parte de las ocasiones el objetivo no es tanto reproducir información como modificar los procesos que subyacen (Antonietti, Castelli, Fabio & Marchetti, 2003), por ejemplo aumentando la capacidad relativa a la atención, aprendiendo a estar mejor con los demás, expresando las necesidades, etc. En esa perspectiva, el uso de software didáctico específico puede ofrecer algunas ventajas respecto al uso de herramientas tradicionales: estimula y acrecienta las capacidades de atención y la motivación del usuario; simplifica lo que el sujeto tiene que aprender, reduciendo las interferencias entre diferentes tareas cognitivas, lo que les permite concentrarse en unos pocos elementos esenciales; también por su flexibilidad o la capacidad de definir contenido, tiempos, métodos, refuerzos y adaptándolos a las necesidades de cada alumno relacionados con factores contingentes de la tarea cognitiva, como el momento de mayor fatiga/cansancio, el estado emocional, etc. (Fogarolo, 2007). Al extender este problema sobre todo al alumnado, incluyendo los que no tienen NEE, las tecnologías digitales están configuradas, en todos los casos, como herramientas que permiten a las nuevas generaciones de estudiantes comunicarse, buscar información, descargar y/o disfrutar del contenido (música y vídeos, por ejemplo), relacionarse (redes sociales, chats, videoconferencias...). En fin, son herramientas que están tan cerca de los jóvenes de hoy que también han dado forma a los códigos lingüísticos de su generación (Prensky, 2012; Jenkins & Ford, 2013) No podemos dejar de constatar estas cuestiones pues significaría seguir imponiendo al alumnado antiguos modelos más cerca de nuestra forma de aprender, pero cada vez más distantes de los de nuestros estudiantes. Esto también supondría ignorar los estudios más recientes respecto a teorías de aprendizajes y estrategias didácticas innovadoras, como la flipped lesson (Mazur, 1997) que ahora es objeto de pensamientos interesantes en un terreno fértil con el apoyo de las TIC (Bergmann y Sams, 2012; Crews y Butterfield, 2012). En este panorama tan amplio, con la certeza de que la mera integración de las tecnologías en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje no es suficiente para innovar las prácticas de los maestros, y con el fin también de promover aprendizaje activos de los/las alumnos/as, se identificó la metodología de diseño por Episodios de Aprendizaje Situado (EAS) (Rivoltella, 2013; 2015; 2016) como un modelo metodológico que puede, por un lado, fomentar la profesionalización de las prácticas de los docentes y, por otro, hacer que los estudiantes (incluso aquellos con discapacidad severa) puedan desarrollar sus aprendizajes. El camino de concienciación que nos llevó a asumir estas posiciones, está estrechamente relacionado con la experiencia de formación en una realidad educativa muy lejana al enfoque habitual de la escuela italiana, en concreto mi colaboración con la formación del profesorado del Centro de Educación Especial (CEE) “Fray Pedro Ponce de León” de Burgos. Los Centros Específicos de Educación Especial en España, a diferencia de lo que ocurre en Italia (como se discute en el capítulo 1), están regulados por la ley y prevén la inclusión de todo el alumnado con grave discapacidad intelectual y/o psicomotora que no puedan lograr el pleno desarrollo de sus competencias dentro de los centros ordinarios. Para este proceso existe un protocolo de incorporación al CEE, que veremos también en el capítulo 1. En conjunto, este trabajo de investigación que presentamos se distribuye en dos partes cuyo contenido describiremos a continuación (con mayor extensión que una introducción ordinaria, únicamente por deferencia a los evaluadores que no dominan el idioma italiano). En la Parte I, Lo stato dell’arte per l’inclusione e le nuove tecnologie. Aspetti giuridici, teorici e metodologico-didattici, se configura el acercamiento a la realidad en la que trabajaremos. En concreto, en el Capítulo 1 se hace un recorrido sobre las etapas evolutivas de los dos países (Italia y España) en estrategias inclusivas a favor de los alumnos con NEE y, prioritariamente, del alumnado con discapacidad. La comparación de la evolución legislativa en materia de inclusión entre Italia y España, nos permite identificar similitudes y diferencias, basándonos en la definición terminológica y al modelo de inclusión del alumnado con discapacidad. La legislación italiana reconoce por primera vez el término Bisogni Educativi Speciali (BES) a partir de la promulgación de la Directiva Ministerial del 27 de diciembre de 2012, mientras que en el caso español, el término Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE) se regula con la aprobación de la Ley Orgánica 1/1990, de Ordenación General del Sistema Educativa (LOGSE). Las diferencias temporales en la evolución terminológica, a nivel legal, no se traducen en el modelo de intervención, dado que en Italia la individualización curricular comienza en el año 1999, con la aprobación del Decreto del Presidente de la Republica (DPR) n. 275, mientras que en España es el desarrollo de la propia LOGSE la que regula las adaptaciones curriculares en los centros ordinarios. Desde el año 1977, con la aprobación de la Ley n.517, en Italia se eliminan la escolarización en aulas especiales. A diferencia del modo en que se entiende la inclusión en Italia, en el contexto español el alumnado afectado por discapacidades muy graves se escolariza en Centros de Educación Especial (CEE). No obstante, con la Ley Orgánica 2/2006, de Educación (LOE), se introduce por primera vez el concepto de inclusión, concretando que esa modalidad de acogimiento especial «se llevará a cabo cuando sus necesidades no puedan ser atendidas en el marco de las medidas de atención a la diversidad de los centros ordinarios» (art.74,1). Aunque en los últimos años se han producido cambios legislativos en materia de educación que han supuesto un desarrollo de los modelos de intervención inclusiva en ambos países, la diferencia relativa a la escolarización del alumnado con discapacidades graves en centros ordinarios y especiales se sigue manteniendo. En el Capítulo 2 continuamos el análisis de los procesos de inclusión a partir de las teorías de aprendizaje que han dado forma, en el último siglo, a las modalidades de enfoque respecto al aprendizaje y que han estructurado las acciones educativas y didácticas de los maestros. En este capítulo abordaremos las propuestas realizadas por autores ya clásicos como Watson, Pavlov, Thorndike, Skinner, Piaget, Bandura, Ausubel, Bruner, Vygotski... para acercarnos hasta los autores más actuales. Finalmente, ponemos de manifiesto que numerosos estudios provenientes del ámbito pedagógico-didáctico (Coffield et al., 2004) y neurocientífico (Pashler et al., 2008; Howard-Jones, 2010; Cuevas; Newton, 2015, entre otros), definen los estilos de aprendizaje como neuromitologías, en el sentido en que no está demostrada científicamente su existencia. De hecho, Gardner (citado en Marconatto, 2013) se posiciona de manera contraria a los estilos de aprendizaje, incidiendo en la ausencia de relación entre estos y las inteligencias múltiples, y defendiendo que el hecho de etiquetar cognitivamente a una persona, desvía la atención para el logro de una didáctica eficaz. En el último capítulo de la primera parte, el tercero, se detalla el contexto tecnológico actual y la metodología EAS acompañada de supuestos tecnológicos y metodológicos sobre las que se basa. La introducción de las TICs en la sociedad ha cambiado la manera de interactuar, favoreciendo la definición de diferentes competencias individuales en base al uso de la tecnología. A partir de los estudios de Prensky (2001), se establece una distinción generacional entre nativos digitales e inmigrantes digitales, superada por el concepto de sabiduría digital (2012), que pone el énfasis en las competencias digitales de los usuarios y no en su edad. Las TICs superan los paradigmas de las teorías de aprendizaje clásicas, introduciendo el conectivismo (Siemens, 2005), como referencia teórica para el diseño de actividades formativas. El uso de redes sociales da lugar a procesos de aprendizaje innovadores y creativos (Ally, 2008). En el contexto pedagógico actual, en el que se ha avanzado de la adquisición de contenidos al desarrollo de competencias, a la hora de articular procesos de aprendizaje, es importante profundizar en metodologías didácticas que fomenten el desarrollo de la sabiduría digital en el alumnado. En este sentido, los Episodios de Aprendizaje Situado (EAS) (Rivoltella, 2013) constituyen una metodología didáctica que permite desarrollar la profesionalización docente en el diseño de actividades digitales y el trabajo por competencias. EAS hunde sus raíces en la didáctica de laboratorio típica de Freinet (1978), en la que el profesorado es facilitador del proceso de aprendizaje y es el alumnado quien adquiere el papel protagonista en el aula, y en las teorías de Eric Mazur (1997), que al introducir el aprendizaje entre pares (peer instruction) abre las puertas a la flipped lesson (Bergmann & Sams, 2012). El EAS es una metodología que permite diseñar actividades a partir de las competencias que se persigue desarrollar. Se puede definir como conectivista y se basa en el microlearning dentro del ámbito más amplio del mobile learning (Pachler, 2007). El microlearning consiste en el diseño de pequeñas unidades de conocimiento (microcontenents) que se gestionan a través de pequeñas actividades (microactivities) en porciones temporales muy pequeñas (microtimes) (Hug, 2007, Rivoltella, 2013). La parte II recoge Gli Episodi di Apprendimento Situato (EAS) nella didattica speciale. El Capítulo 4 se inicia con la adaptación del método de EAS para el diseño de actividades dirigidas a los estudiantes con discapacidades graves (sobre todo a nivel cognitivo), dado que se ha entendido que este método puede ser personalizable e individualizable, intentando una "flexión" de la misma con el fin de hacerlo más situado a las necesidades específicas los docentes que educan a los estudiantes con discapacidades severas. La complejidad de la propuesta hace que se realice un diseño que nos permita realizar un seguimiento del proceso. Las estrategias e instrumentos utilizados son: • Cuestionario de autoevaluación sobre competencias digitales para la inclusión de los AcNEE. • La administración de un cuestionario pre-test, al iniciar la formación, y post-test al final del curso. Ambas herramientas se construyen Ad-hoc para esta investigación con el objetivo de detectar y medir la evolución de los conocimientos y las competencias respecto al uso de los métodos de enseñanza para el diseño y ejecución de las actividades con el uso decisivo de las tecnologías digitales. • Taller de Formación. • Implementación de los aprendizajes en el aula. • Seguimiento a través de la observación participante. En ambos países, hemos llevado a cabo la investigación teniendo en cuenta las diferencias dadas por distintos marcos normativos, en relación con la normativa sobre la inclusión de los alumnos con Necesidades Educativas Especiales, diferente contexto educativo (Centro de Educación Especial y escuela ordinaria) y diferente formación del profesorado. Se ha identificado en el método de EAS (Episodios de Aprendizaje Situado) como recurso para la formación del profesorado de los grupos participantes en ambos países y como metodología propuesta para el diseño, implementación y evaluación de las actividades. La elección de este método deriva de la natural predisposición del mismo para la adaptación a los diferentes niveles de diseño (en relación a los contenidos y su presentación, a la identificación de competencias, a las herramientas de evaluación, etc.) combinados con los diferentes itinerarios de personalización e individualización curriculares que puedan responder a las necesidades de cada alumno. Específicamente, el presente estudio empírico incorpora a un grupo de maestros españoles (11) de un CEE, “Fray Pedro Ponce de León” -Burgos-, y uno de docentes (29) que cursan un itinerario específico para habilitarse en docencia en apoyo educativo (TFA sostegno, Universidad de Palermo, Italia), docentes que vienen desarrollando la docencia en centros ordinarios durante un período mínimo 3 años. Antes de proponer la formación a los maestros sobre el método EAS e iniciar la experimentación, la fase preliminar de la investigación consistió en el análisis de las competencias digitales de los docentes, a través de una herramienta de autoevaluación especialmente construida y validada para la versión italiana según las indicaciones formuladas por Escobar-Pérez y Cuervo-Martínez (2008). Obtenidos los datos relativos a la autoevaluación de las competencias digitales y conocido el insuficiente nivel de competencia digital auto-percibido por los profesores, especialmente las que tienen relación directa con el apoyo educativo relacionado con las Necesidades Educativas Especiales, la investigación experimental se ha puesto en marcha en los dos países. Terminada la primera fase de detección, a través de la primera herramienta (cuestionario de autoevaluación de las competencias digitales de los docentes para la inclusión educativa) y a través de la prueba pre-test, se implementa la formación con un taller para los docentes. El desarrollo se realiza en el CEE “Fray Pedro Ponce” durante el mes de octubre de 2015 en España e Italia. Las sesiones de formación están diseñadas con el objetivo de proporcionar competencias de enseñanza adecuadas para los profesores y que detallamos a continuación: 1. Utilizar el método de diseño EAS para organizar y reorganizar la acción educativa poniendo el énfasis en la competencia y sobre la personalización y/o individualización del proceso de aprendizaje; 2. Implementar actividades educativas digitales con el fin de hacerlas dinámicas, accesibles, compatibles y reutilizables; 3. Capacitar a los maestros en una serie de aplicaciones, herramientas 2.0 y entornos de apoyo a la formación, para diseñar, implementar y compartir con estudiantes y profesionales los EAS preparados; 4. Desarrollar competencias de búsqueda en línea, con el fin de que los alumnos se puedan beneficiar de los recursos específicos para mejorar el acceso a los contenidos y la calidad de los estímulos sensoriales, al fin de convertir la experiencia de aprendizaje más interactiva y multisensorial; 5. Mejorar la presentación de las actividades digitales creadas permitiendo el acceso a más fuentes (audio, vídeo, texto...). A continuación se realizó el seguimiento de la puesta en práctica en las aulas del Centro de Educación Especial en desde octubre de 2015 a marzo de 2016 en España y en aulas ordinarias desde octubre a junio en Italia. Estas diferencias en el seguimiento se deben a que las propuestas de intervención son diferentes, adaptadas a los características de los diferentes en cada país. El seguimiento en esta fase se realiza a través de la observación participante. En el capítulo 5 se presentan los resultados obtenidos en el proceso seguido de lo que destacamos los siguientes aspectos. El grupo de maestros italianos se caracteriza por una menor experiencia en la enseñanza, con una media de 10 años de actividad docente. En las aulas ordinarias italianas encontramos la presencia de estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales, siguiendo la normativa vigente en este país y con importantes diferencias respecto de la normativa española. Respecto a los docentes españoles, las diferencias fundamentales son que estos se caracterizan por una superior experiencia en la atención (alrededor de los 16 años como media) y también por los distintos contextos de intervención, que por la legislación vigente en España operan en centros específicos que acogen alumnos con discapacidad severa (CEE). Además debemos señalar que en el estudio preliminar encontramos una mayor utilización de las TIC por parte de los docentes españoles que los italianos. También es importante recordar el contexto de los CEE en el que acogen a alumnado con discapacidades muy graves y. por ello, el uso de la tecnología no es siempre una opción sencilla de implementar. Los maestros a menudo deben desarrollar las habilidades y competencias relacionadas con la autonomía, el lenguaje, la psicomotricidad y, sólo en algunos casos y con algunos alumnos/alumnas, pueden utilizar TIC que no sean específicas a sus capacidades motrices o intelectuales. Con todo ello, podemos decir que el uso de tecnologías en el CEE en el que hemos realizado la experiencia puede entenderse como apropiado. Veremos más adelante, sin embargo, cómo la formación específica puede "activar" (o mejor estimular) al docente a considerar diferentes modalidades para la elección de herramientas o entornos de tecnologías para organizar nuevas actividades. Los instrumentos pre-test y post-test construidos para detectar cambios entre el principio y el final de la formación, en ambos los contextos han arrojado resultados que necesitan una específica profundización. A estas herramientas se añaden las encuestas realizadas por los observadores externos al proyecto de investigación (tutor de prácticas para los profesores italianos y estudiantes en pedagogía y formadores para los maestros del CEE “Fray Pedro Ponce de León”). El curso de formación sobre el uso de las tecnologías orientadas metodológicamente a la planificación de actividades para episodios de aprendizaje situado (EAS) se plantea hacer que los participantes sean más competentes en la creación de actividades digitales diseñadas en torno al contenido y a las capacidades que se quieren desarrollar en el alumnado con Necesidades Educativas Especiales. Finalizada la formación, encontramos que, en el contexto italiano, parece que hemos llegado a nuestro objetivo, pues los participantes italianos se consideran más competentes en el diseño de contenidos digitales, en comparación con lo que eran al comienzo de la ruta. Incluso los maestros del CEE indican valores superiores competencia alcanzados a los del inicio. A estos resultados llegamos, a partir de las informaciones aportadas por el pre y post, que se recogen extensamente en el capítulo 5. Además, se realiza el análisis de diversos indicadores sobre la pertinencia y calidad en relación con el método de EAS y su aplicación con AcNEE. El trabajo que aquí presentamos destaca cómo la metodología EAS ha devuelto algunas indicaciones relevantes por parte del grupo de profesores del CEE (teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones encontradas por el contexto que requiere la presencia de sólo alumnos con discapacidades graves o muy graves), especialmente en relación con la mejora de la capacidad de atención y concentración de alumnos durante las fases de implantación de esta metodología. Para los docentes italianos, las potencialidades inclusivas del EAS en combinación con la tecnología digital se consideran útiles también dado que aporta interesantes aspectos lúdicos, propios de las TIC, que favorecen estrategias colaborativas y creativas útiles para el desarrollo de las competencias en el alumnado.
Boninelli, Marialuisa <1975>. "Il Deep Learning : un'indagine sperimentale sull'integrazione del Programma di Arricchimento Strumentale di Reuven Feuerstein e del Cooperative Learning nella scuola primaria." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10261.
Full textMion, Silvia. "La comprensione matematica come costruzione di racconti. Un design experiment per apprendere la sottrazione alla scuola dell'infanzia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421796.
Full textLa ricerca di dottorato indaga come i bambini elaborino strategie risolutive di fronte a situazioni numericamente problematiche, coinvolgenti il concetto di sottrazione, attraverso l’attivazione di modalità di apprendimento innovative secondo il modello del Design Experiment (Cobb & Yackel, 1996). Il quadro teorico integra prospettiva costruttivista e socio-culturale e definisce il concetto di sottrazione, dapprima come differenza e resto e poi all’interno di modelli di situazioni sottrattive (Nesher, Greeno & Riley, 1982; Hayloch & Cockburn, 2008) che sottendono diversi approcci al calcolo e alla strutturazione del processo risolutivo dell’operazione. La proposta didattica parte da un’attenta analisi ed osservazione del contesto delle pratiche didattiche delle insegnanti e vede la ricercatrice coinvolta in prima persona come insegnante-esperta. Il breve intervento didattico coinvolge due gruppi di bambini di 5 anni. In ogni incontro è possibile individuare tre momenti. In una prima fase l’insegnante-ricercatore fa emergere una situazione problematica attraverso un racconto (Zazkis & Liljedahl. 2005) e con l’implementazione di materiali ausiliari (Skoumpourdi, 2012). Ricercatore e bambini sono poi coinvolti in una discussione matematica (Bartolini Bussi & Boni, 1995) volta a trovare la soluzione numerica a quanto rilevato. Da ultimo ogni bambino è invitato a fornire la propria concettualizzazione tramite la rappresentazione grafica (Van Oers, 1997; Burton, 2002) e la successiva descrizione a parole del disegno all’esperto. L’analisi evidenzia come l’articolarsi della discussione matematica si sviluppi come un vero e proprio processo di comprensione matematica, in cui le ipotesi avanzate dai bambini, sia in termini di valori numerici che di strategie di calcolo, non si susseguono in maniera lineare, ma siano piuttosto inquadrabili all’interno di una teoria di apprendimento ricorsiva multiplanare (Pierie & Kieren, 1989) caratterizzata da frequenti momenti di ritorno a quanto già emerso in un’ottica di integrazione dei vari aspetti parzialmente compresi. La ricerca si basa su una metodologia prevalentemente qualitativa, che si avvale di videoriprese e si presenta come un’indagine esplorativa che si apre ad una contestualizzazione allargata dei fattori che intervengono sull'apprendimento e quindi ad un’interpretazione di tipo metodologico-didattico, che sostenga le insegnanti nella progettazione di contesti di insegnamento innovativi e che agiscono nella zona di sviluppo prossimo (Vygotskij, 1962), per lo sviluppo delle competenze numeriche fin dalle prime fasi della scolarizzazione.
SCANCARELLO, FRANCESCA PAOLA. "MEDIALITA' E TECNOLOGIE DIDATTICHE NELLA SCUOLA PROGETTAZIONE E COSTRUZIONE DI PRODOTTI EDUCATIONAL." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/514.
Full textThe webcasting as a tool for the distribution of educational products and circulation of knowledge.
Ferraro, Gilberto. "La percezione di competenza degli insegnanti nell'azione didattica per lo sviluppo delle abilità di studio. Ricerca empirica con insegnanti di scuola primaria e secondaria di primo grado." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424136.
Full textLa presente ricerca si pone come primo obiettivo quello di verificare le credenze degli insegnanti in merito ai processi di insegnamento-apprendimento delle abilità di studio e di esplorare quali pratiche didattiche vengano messe in atto in relazione a tali convinzioni. A tale scopo è stato costruito un questionario composto di due sezioni: la prima di 40 item sulle credenze con scala Likert a 4 punti (per niente vero, poco vero, abbastanza vero, molto vero). Le credenze indagate riguardano le convinzioni sulle discipline, sulle migliori pratiche per insegnare a studiare, sull’importanza dei contenuti rispetto alle strategie, sulle pratiche di organizzazione di una lezione per lo studio, in merito alle teorie sull’intelligenza, sull’approccio allo studio (atteggiamenti), sulle strategie per studiare. La seconda sezione del questionario è composta di 40 item sulla frequenza delle pratiche di insegnamento delle abilità di studio, con scala Likert a 4 punti (mai, qualche volta, spesso, sempre). Le dimensioni indagate riguardano le pratiche sulla disciplina e sul curricolo, quelle per insegnare a studiare e per sviluppare atteggiamenti per lo studio e l’apprendimento. Tale strumento è stato somministrato a più di 150 insegnanti di scuola primaria e secondaria di primo grado. Il secondo obiettivo che si è inteso raggiungere attraverso la presente indagine è la verifica dell’efficacia di un training per migliorare le pratiche relative all’insegnamento delle abilità di studio. Per molto tempo le abilità di studio sono state ritenute il risultato della combinazione di intelligenza o di volontà, mentre l’insegnamento era rivolto soprattutto ai contenuti disciplinari dello studio. Dagli anni ‘80 è nato un settore di studi molto fertile che dimostra quanto sia efficace insegnare le abilità di studio attraverso strategie metacognitive, di autoregolazione e motivazione. Pertanto è stato progettato un intervento di formazione rivolto a un gruppo di 35 insegnanti volontari. Nel presente lavoro di tesi vengono riportati e discussi i risultati delle analisi descrittive e inferenziali, nonché le implicazioni pedagogiche e didattiche e i possibili sviluppi futuri per la formazione e la ricerca
Christofari, Ana Carolina. "Modos de ser e de aprender na escola : medicalização (in)visível?" reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/94739.
Full textO objetivo da tese é analisar os discursos que compõem os registros escolares de alunos que frequentam um serviço de Atendimento Educacional Especializado, problematizando como são produzidos os modos de ser e aprender desses alunos no espaço escolar. O presente estudo discute a medicalização como dispositivo de produção de modos de ser e aprender na escola. São analisados processos que transformam em patológicos fenômenos humanos, como ocorre com a medicalização da vida que, no ambiente escolar, tem favorecido uma leitura simplificadora e transformado os modos de aprender em possíveis patologias, desvios, falhas, deficiências. A fundamentação teórica tem como base os estudos de Michel Foucault, os quais possibilitam compreender o aluno como uma categoria que emerge de uma construção social discursiva. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, tem como estratégia metodológica prioritária a análise dos discursos relativos aos registros escolares – pastas e pareceres – atinentes aos alunos que frequentavam um serviço de apoio pedagógico especializado vinculado à educação especial no ensino comum que ocorre nas Salas de Integração e Recursos. Em consonância com esse processo, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre teses, dissertações e trabalhos publicados que abordam temáticas relacionadas a este estudo. O processo de investigação ocorreu no contexto da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Porto Alegre, entre os anos de 2010 a 2013. Com base nas análises realizadas é possível afirmar que há uma produção discursiva que prioriza as condutas dos alunos como principal desafio, sendo estas consideradas como possíveis barreiras à aprendizagem. As supostas dificuldades de aprendizagem são justificadas com base em causas como hereditariedade e dinâmica familiar. No entanto, também foram identificados discursos que romperam com a lógica da padronização, da classificação. Trata-se de discursos relativos tanto aos profissionais da saúde, quanto da educação, os quais mostraram que, na escola, há brechas para o inusitado, fortalecendo a concepção desse espaço como um contexto dinâmico. Tais discursos evocam a potência da escola no sentido de produzir outros modos de ser aluno, colocando em evidência dimensões que indicam possibilidades de reconhecimento de processos de transformação.
El objetivo de esa tesis es analizar los discursos que componen los registros escolares de los estudiantes que frecuentan Servicios Educativos Especializados, discutiendo cómo se producen las formas de ser y de aprender de estos alumnos en el ambiente escolar. Luego, ese estudio analiza la medicalización como precepto de modos de ser y aprender en la escuela. Son analizados los medios que transforman en patológicos los fenómenos humanos, como ocurre con la medicalización de la vida que, en ambiente escolar, ha favorecido una lectura más simple y ha transformado los modos de aprender en posibles patologías, desvíos, fracasos, deficiencias. La fundamentación teórica se basó en los estudios de Michel Foucault, que permiten comprender el estudiante como una categoría que emerge de una construcción social discursiva. La investigación, de carácter cualitativo, tiene como estrategia metodológica prioritaria el análisis de los discursos relativos a los registros escolares - carpetas y pareceres - perteneciente a alumnos que frecuentan un servicio de apoyo educativo especializado vinculado a la educación especial en la enseñanza común que ocurre en las Salas de Integración y Recursos. En línea con ese proceso, se realizó una investigación de la literatura sobre tesis, disertaciones y trabajos publicados que abordaban cuestiones relacionadas con ese estudio. El proceso de investigación se realizó en la Red Municipal de Enseñanza de Porto Alegre entre los años 2010-2013. Basándose en los análisis, se puede afirmar que existe una producción discursiva que prioriza las conductas de los estudiantes como el principal desafío, siendo ellas consideradas como potenciales barreras para el aprendizaje. Tales dificultades de aprendizaje se justifican en base a causas como herencia y dinámica familiar. Sin embargo, también fueron identificados discursos que rompieron con la lógica de la estandarización, de la clasificación, discursos concernientes tanto a profesionales de salud como de educación y que muestran que en la escuela hay lagunas para el inusitado, fortaleciendo la concepción de ese espacio como un contexto dinámico. Tales discursos evocan el poder de la escuela con el fin de producir otros modos de ser alumno, poniendo de relieve las dimensiones que indican la posibilidad de reconocer los procesos de transformación.
ZECCA, LUISA. "I laboratori pedagogico-didattici nella formazioni iniziale degli insegnanti. Il caso di scienze della formazione primaria di Milano-Bicocca." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/53436.
Full textThe present research envisages a theoretical section that recognizes previous studies carried out on Primary Teacher Education and on on-campus laboratories (LPD pedagogical-didactical laboratories). The second section is empiric and relates to a naturalistic case-study, based both on the phenomenological method and on the Grounded Theory. The experience of Milano-Bicocca involved teachers from four curriculum areas (psycho-pedagogical, scientific-mathematical, historical-geographical, motor-artistic and musical), 16 graduating or newly graduated students and 8 former-student teachers, that have all been involved in broad semi-structured interviews. The aim of the research is to verify the effectiveness, already proved through different studies, of on-campus laboratories, and fully understand their methodology, highlighting strengths and weaknesses. Experiental Learning is used in the LPD (pedagogical-didactical laboratories) in order to comprehend curricular subject matters and a teaching method, to improve reflexivity and didactic based on social-constructivism. Core criteria of this approach are learning from one’s own experience, learning by doing and by reflecting on new pedagogical methodologies. The expertise to be gained is: learning to understand ourselves and our childhood representation, teaching and learning, listening and observing. Students have pointed out two types of laboratories: ‘theoretical’ and ‘practical’; the former are considered ‘useless’ because theories are not linked to practice; the latter are useful and reflect the teachers’ approach. In order to run a high quality laboratory the role of the person in charge is key. A skilled laboratory leader is capable of managing experimental learning situations and of linking ‘practice’ to ‘theory’. During apprenticeship or at the beginning of one’s professional career, a specific issue emerges: the actual real school is completely different from the ideal one. The real school seldom teaches through laboratory where small cooperating groups learn by researching. These issues open up new paths of research on LPD education leaders and on training devices aimed at better connecting schools and Universities.
Leite, Paixao Edmilson <1966>. "Transição de egressos evadidos e diplomados da educação profissional técnica para o mundo do trabalho: situação e perfis ocupacionais de 2006 a 2010." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/6502.
Full textABSTRACT This PhD Thesis is a theoretical, quantitative, and exploratory research that investigates the professional profiles of students from 37 secondary professional schools from Brazilian Vocational Education Network, throughout Minas Gerais State. This research was done in Brazil and in Italy - co-supervision thesis -, by means an international agreement signed between Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, and the Ca' Foscari University of Venice. The investigation was also supported by the Brazilian Federal Research Agencies . The micro data collection was done using two different sets of questionnaires, applied from 2011 to 2013, to subjects in two main samples: 762 dropouts and 742 graduated students from secondary Professional Education. The micro data, extracted from primary sources, were related to the academic period from 2006 to 2010. About the research problem, it was a key element for this study the establishment of subjects' occupational profiles and the connections of those final profiles to the pathways in their transition from school to work. The Philosophy of Praxis' categories established by Scholars Antonio Gramsci, in Italy, and Karl Heinrich Marx, in Germany, were set as the main theoretical framework for this thesis in a historical, political and economical view. In this thesis, an important educational argument was presented considering different scholars that argue for different school organizations: the duality school versus the unitarian school; the separation or not between the academic and vocational tracks. Based on the theoretical argument established between school qualification versus competencies, it was also possible to present two different types of occupational stratification systems used today. Methodologically, two quantitative analytical dimensions were used: 1) the Theoretical and Conceptual Model of High School Performance (California University - UCSB scholars - USA); 2) a table with simple and composite variables. In that way, those two dimensions allowed us to draw three different student occupational profiles: sociodemografic and economical, educational, and occupational. By testing two complementary hypothesis, this research concluded that the vocational students that graduated had significantly better occupational profiles than those of the dropouts, both in 2006 and 2011. From the two samples of students, 76% came from the low economic Brazilian classes, had been studying in public schools and they continued working in the same area of their vocational formation. This research also identified a key point: the thesis results, using a comparative sample analysis, showed to be valid for the N population of the Brazilian Federal Vocational Education System, of 189.988 students. Finally, the research allowed us to identify three hierarchies of factors statistically associated to the students' decisions to choose, and to dropout, and to conclude their vocational courses. Footnote: CNPq: Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development. CAPES: Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. INEP: Brazilian Institute for Studies and Educational Research.
RESUMO Esta tese de doutorado é uma pesquisa teórica, quantitativa e exploratória que investiga os perfis profissionais de alunos oriundos de 37 escolas secundárias da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional no Brasil, espalhadas por todo o Estado de Minas Gerais. A investigação foi desenvolvida no Brasil e na Itália - cotutela de tese -, a partir de um acordo internacional firmado entre a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e a Università Ca' Foscari Venezia. A investigação foi financiada por agências de pesquisa federais brasileiras. A coleta de microdados foi feita por meio de dois questionários distintos, aplicados, de 2011 a 2013, a sujeitos de duas amostras principais: 762 jovens que abandonaram a escola e 742 alunos formados em escolas secundárias Profissionais. Os microdados, extraídos de fontes primárias, eram referentes ao período acadêmico de 2006 a 2010. Sobre o problema de pesquisa, constituiu-se em um elemento chave deste estudo o traçado dos perfis ocupacionais finais destes dois grupos de indivíduos, assim como as conexões de seus perfis com os itinerários de sua transição escola-trabalho. As categorias da Filosofia da Práxis, desenvolvidas pelos estudiosos Antonio Gramsci, na Itália, e Karl Heinrich Marx, na Alemanha, foram definidas para esta tese como o principal referencial teórico em uma visão histórica, política e econômica. Estabeleceu-se um debate educacional entre distintos teóricos que defendem diferentes organizações escolares: a dualidade escolar X a escola unitária; separação ou não entre formação geral e formação profissional. Noutro debate teórico, qualificação X competências, foi possível também apresentar dois diferentes tipos de sistemas de estratificação ocupacional na atualidade. Na metodologia, foram usadas como dimensões de análise quantitativa: 1) o Modelo Teórico e Conceitual de Desempenho Escolar e Estudantil no Ensino Médio (autores da Universidade da Califórnia - UCSB - EUA); 2) uma tabela de variáveis simples e compostas. Assim, estas dimensões permitiram traçar três tipos de perfis profissionais dos alunos: sociodemográfico e econômico, educacional e profissional. Ao testar dois tipos complementares de hipótese, a pesquisa concluiu que os alunos formados no ensino profissional secundário tinham um perfil ocupacional significativamente melhor do que o daqueles que abandonaram a escola, tanto em 2006, quanto em 2011. Das duas amostras de estudantes, 76% vêm de classes econômicas baixas, estudaram em escolas públicas e estão trabalhando em áreas afins à formação profissional recebida na escola. Um ponto-chave é que os resultados da tese demonstraram-se válidos, por análises amostrais comparativas, também para a população N de 189.988 estudantes em todo o Brasil. Finalmente, a investigação permitiu o estabelecimento de três distintas hierarquias de fatores estatisticamente associados às decisões dos alunos de escolher, de abandonar e de concluir seus cursos técnicos. Footnote: CNPq: Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development. CAPES: Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. INEP: Brazilian Institute for Studies and Educational Research.
MARCARINI, MARIAGRAZIA FRANCESCA ROSA LUCIA. "Pedarchitettura. Quali spazi per l'educazione della persona? Un’architettura pedagogica per nuovi modi di insegnare e di apprendere nella scuola del futuro." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/30540.
Full textTino, C. "Alternanza Scuola-Lavoro: Modelli Teorici e analisi di Pratiche per Promuovere Partnership Intelligenti. [Proposte operative per la formazione dei docenti come boundary spanners fra sistemi]." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422891.
Full textLa ricerca, a carattere esplorativo, si pone principalmente all’interno delle cornici della Teoria dell'Attività (Engëstrom, 1987;1999; 2001) e dell’apprendimento situato (Chaiklin & Lave, 1993; Fabbri, 2007; Fenwick, 2003; Lave, 1988; Lave & Wenger, 1991), nell’intento di identificare le caratteristiche del processo di costruzione della partnership dei sistemi scuola-lavoro, oltre che delle pratiche realizzate durante i percorsi di Alternanza Scuola-Lavoro (ASL). Con l’obiettivo di individuare anche spazi di miglioramento, è stato investigato il ruolo dei docenti-tutor come boundary spanners (Wreets & Sandmann, 2010) fra i sistemi scuola-lavoro. Con il coinvolgimento di sette scuole secondarie di secondo grado del nord-Italia, il percorso esplorativo è stato condotto tramite la metodologia del mixed method includendo insieme alla triangolazione, approcci quali-quantitativi (Creswell 2013; Teddlie e Tashakkori, 2009). Il piano della ricerca ha previsto due direzioni: i) l’esplorazione del fenomeno dell’ASL tramite un approccio qualitativo (focus group e interviste) e quantitativo (indagine CAWI per studenti delle classi IV-V); ii) l’individuazione di spazi di miglioramento attraverso la rilevazione degli orientamenti di boundary spanners dei docenti-tutor (indagine CAWI per docenti su un campione nazionale) e l’elaborazione, come raccomandazione, di una possibile proposta formativa, sulla base del profilo professionale delle figure dell’ASL emerso. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano che l’ASL è riconosciuta, da tutti gli attori coinvolti, un’esperienza di apprendimento; che la sua efficacia dipende da alcuni predittori che attribuiscono ad essa il carattere situato dell’apprendimento e della partnership efficace; che attualmente scuola e lavoro non dimostrano di abitare uno spazio comune, caratterizzato da boundary objects, rules e artifacts condivisi. Importanti sono anche i risultati ottenuti dall’indagine rivolta ai docenti, rilevando che gli orientamenti di boundary spanners possono essere formati nell’intento di sviluppare un nuovo profilo professionale delle figure di ASL, tramite appositi percorsi formativi, aiutandoli a divenire abili sostenitori e promotori di partnership interne ed esterne.
BARBIERI, ALBERTO. "Sfide della rivoluzione digitale nel contesto educativo. L'impatto del progetto di formazione ForTutor del personale scolastico." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/51650.
Full textGalbusera, Barbara. "Pedagogia e autismo: per una formazione degli operatori alla didattica scolastica." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/102057.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to address the theme of “didactics and autism”, with the aim to making a theoretical and practical contribution for those working within the Italian schooling system with students diagnosed within the autism spectrum. The argument is divided into four sections. In the first section it discusses how the education sciences have analyzed autism. After a historical construction that begins from diagnosis, contributions from psychology (psychoanalytic, behavioral and cognitive), genetics and Critical Autism Studies are analyzed. The section concludes arguing that until today science of education theories have not been able to consider the autistic person as a whole. Therefore these theoretical constructions and practices do not include the pedagogical perspective, which has not allowed the creation of a tested education for the individual of favored learning. Contributions from those authors who have theorized education for autistic subjects through special pedagogy has also been analyzed, demonstrating how pedagogy of personalism approaches would allow the the person rather than their autism to be placed at the centre, making an ad hoc construction more feasible. A pedagogical study is analyzed in section two, whose aim was to collect teaching experiences with autistic children in Italian primary education. The aim was to collect their individual narratives in order to discover their points of view on didactics. The analysis reveals that the child’s autism creates significant problems for the teacher. In order to determine if the autism was the major cause, further teachers within similar structures but without autistic children were interviewed. Comparing results finds that the child’s autism allows the teacher to ask more questions of themselves, both as a person and as an individual. However there is the remaining problem of the difficulty found in transforming human experience into educational experience, a factor that undermines their sense of effectiveness. The argument is therefor made for the need to invest in training teachers to help them acquire these skills. It emerged from the interviews that the teachers felt that the technical support (including those of the health services) as well as science of education and the pedagogic perspective contributions were extremely important. This leads to another problem: if the contribution of the educational sciences is perceived as fundamental, how much space is left for pedagogy and didactics? This question led to the formation of the third part of the thesis. A questionnaire was prepared and sent online to the teachers working in the Italian primary school system to discover their educational needs and wishes, as well as their points of view on the didactic methodologies. The analysis reveals that teachers across Italy use various methodologies, but in general feel the need for more contributions from the education sciences and pedagogy in order to construct a more personalized education approach. In light of the findings from these first three sections a course of training was proposed. Thanks to a child neuropsychiatric collaboration this training was trialled with a view of testing if such training would benefit the professionals in relation to their work with autistic children. This question has been presented in the fourth part. The positive experiences demonstrate that the proposal helps operators within their work and improved their sense of efficiency. Therefor I argue that a pedagogy of personalism could improve the didactic performance of professionals for all students and not only those autistic, contributing to redefining the sense of education itself.
PESENTI, Pietro Mario. "Integrazione, Inclusione e Personalizzazione nella scuola. Dall’analisi teorico-pratica a 40 anni dalla Legge n.118/1971 alle prospettive per la valorizzazione delle capacità delle persone disabili. Una ricerca nella provincia di Bergamo." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/28665.
Full textWhat does integration in Italian schools look like within the framework of the European debate on disability and in the light of the conceptual models aimed at explaining its historical development? What are the characteristics of integration in Italian schools 40 years after the introduction of Law No. 118/1971, which provided for the participation of every individual in the Italian education and training system rejecting the idea of a separate and different education for children with disabilities, as was recently stressed also by the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (13/12/2006)? Two quantitative surveys conducted in the province of Bergamo, in the light of most recent national studies, attempt to give an answer to these questions. Thanks to the opinions of 1,485 professionals in schools (632 teachers in state schools and 103 teachers of private schools in the school year 2010-2011 and 750 teachers from state schools in the school year 2011-2012) the research provides a significant insight of the situation in schools today. The research also aims at identifying a number of ways that could contribute to promoting the capabilities of people with disabilities. These are not merely “new tools”, but rather a completely new approach to disability and to school integration of disabled people. In this regard the notions of integration, inclusion and personalised learning have been taken as key concepts to better understand the approach adopted in Italy in terms of school integration. The analysis highlights the importance of implementing a new approach that could enhance the capabilities of people with disabilities, as part of a fully personalized educational pathway, in line with the Italian Constitution that provides for the need to ensure the “full development of the human person” (Art. 3, par. 2). It is necessary to take account of individual differences to promote integration, because at stake is not only the integration of students with disabilities, but also of us all.
TAMAGNINI, DAVIDE. "PUNTO E BASTA? Insegnare e apprendere la punteggiatura." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/363717.
Full textThe research aimed to deepen the theme of teaching and learning punctuation and its uses in primary school, both from a theoretical point of view, through a critical examination of the studies and research on this topic, and through empirical research. This theme is not so developed in literature and the overall theory that explains how the use of interpunctive signs is acquired and how it can be favored learning is not still studied (Demartini, Fornara, 2013). We have posed some questions to understand the issue of teaching punctuation in a perspective that considers it a main element in the framework of thought and communication: how much and how does punctuation appear in the writings of students and teachers? What is the relationship between this presence and the representations that students and teachers have of the interpunctive system? What are the difficulties of his direct teaching? On what can a change in teaching be built so that the learning of punctuation is effective and responsive to the very nature of this system of signs? Within the constructivist or naturalistic paradigm (Lincoln, Guba, 1985, 2013), the research methodology that supported the empirical phase was configured as a convergent mixed method (Creswell, Creswell, 2018), in order to integrate the information deriving from the collection of quantitative and qualitative data during the interpretation of results. The starting point was the analysis of 1399 texts written by students of the first two years of primary school within the longitudinal research project "The concept of words in early literacy: interlingual analysis (Italian, French and Spanish) on the written representations of words "(Ponton et al., 2021; Teruggi, Farina, 2021) and 126 autobiographical texts by teachers of the first cycle of education. In total, 28 interviews were conducted with primary school students and 7 of their teachers. At the same time, questionnaires were prepared for different types of interviewees: primary (76) and secondary (approximately 38) students and adults (178). Thanks to the questionnaires we were able to work on some of the themes that emerged from the interviews with the "participants" (Cardano, 2007) above, in order to be able to make useful comparisons for understanding the topic. We found confirmed the hypothesis of a logical path that goes from the introduction of signs along the ends of the text to the internal parts (Ferreiro et al., 1996). Punctuation is didactically marginal due to the short time dedicated to it, the little space occupied by the exercises in the textbooks and because the practice of reflection at school is generally limited. We need learning moments that stimulate this reflective process and a language that facilitates the understanding of the rules that govern this system of signs, that come as much as possible inductively from the practice. We hypothesized that adopting a more appropriate lexicon to talk about "sentence" and "pause" can help us in this sense. The research should have ended with further reflection work (focus groups) with teachers and children to share, compare and reflect on the results that emerged from the research. Given the pandemic situation, the intermittent closure of schools and the exhausting uncertainty seen in the teachers initially involved in this final phase of the work, it was decided to postpone this possibility for future occasions.
Freitas, Claudia Rodrigues de. "Corpos que não param : criança, "TDAH" e escola." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/32310.
Full textEsta pesquisa analisa os discursos que identificam um número expressivo de crianças como hiperativas na Educação Infantil da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Porto Alegre. O discurso escolar produz diagnóstico e encaminha aos consultórios médicos, mas com que intenção? O que muda na organização pedagógica a partir do diagnóstico ou do laudo médico? O que denuncia o corpo? O que anuncia o corpo? As perguntas foram traduzidas de forma a organizar a questão central da pesquisa: O que acontece com o saber e o não saber da educação face aos Corpos Que Não Param? Para dar sustentação às buscas, foram desenvolvidos alguns conceitos fundamentais. O conceito de normalidade, tendo como base o pensamento de Canguilhem e Foucault, associa-se ao pensamento sistêmico de Gregory Bateson. Considerando a contínua articulação entre normal e anormal busca-se a construção do conceito de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade – TDAH, tomando as referências históricas de construção desse conceito e as evidências de que o diagnóstico referente a tais sujeitos se apresenta na forma de epidemia no contexto investigado. Uma análise cartográfica da atenção, conceito também central na tese, dá evidência à Atenção entendida não como condição prévia, mas em seu movimento circular de invenção, como efeito da/na aprendizagem. O trabalho de investigação foi desenvolvido conferindo destaque a bebês e crianças pequenas que integram a Rede Municipal de Ensino de Porto Alegre, por meio da atenção aos discursos das Educadoras Especiais que prestam atendimento a essas crianças e assessoria às escolas. A partir das entrevistas, houve a composição de grupos de argumentação que, em forma de pequenos títulos, são chamados de Nomes-Perguntas: Quando as crianças param? Como essas crianças são referidas? Que palavras, que grupos de argumentações são usados? Como o desamparo se mostra nas crianças, famílias e professoras? Dentre as evidências, uma das mais importantes é a que identifica hiperatividade associada a uma dimensão de desamparo, dirigida não só ao sujeito criança, mas a todos os implicados nessa rede. O desamparo, entendido como uma forma aguda de sofrimento de diversas ordens acaba por produzir uma existência de sofrimento. No entanto, a partir do olhar dirigido ao contexto, foi observado que crianças em estado de desamparo, quando encontraram o cuidado e a atenção personalizada, apresentaram uma mudança que se traduz em possibilidade de convivência e aprendizagem na escola.
This research analyzes the several discourses that identify a significant number of children as hyperactive in Child Education in the Schools of the City of Porto Alegre. The school discourse results in diagnosis and refers to doctor's offices, but with what purpose? What changes in educational organization with the diagnosis or medical report? What does the body denounce? What does the body announce? These questions were translated into a way to organize the focal point of the research: What happens with knowing and not knowing in education vis-à-vis Bodies That Will Not Stop? In order to substantiate the searches, some essential concepts were developed. The concept of normalcy, based on the thinking of Canguilhem and Foucault, is associated to the systemic thinking of Gregory Bateson. Considering the continuous articulation between normal and abnormal, the construction of the concept of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ADHD is pursued, using the historical references to build this concept and the evidence that the diagnosis for such subjects takes the form of epidemics within the investigated context. A cartographic analysis of attention, also an essential concept in this paper, evidences understood Attention not as a condition precedent, but within its circular invention movement, as an effect of and in learning. The investigation work was conducted with focus on babies and small children of the Schools in the City of Porto Alegre, by means of attention to the discourses of Special Educators tending to these children and assisting these schools. Based on the interviews, groups of arguments were formed under small titles, called Question-Names: When do the children stop? How are these children referred? Which words, which groups of arguments are used? How does abandonment show in children, families and teachers? Among the evidences, one of the most important is the one that identifies hyperactivity associated to a dimension of abandonment, focused not only on the subject child but also on all of those affected in this network. Abandonment, understood as an acute form of suffering of several orders, ultimately produces a painful existence. However, by focusing on the context, it was observed that children in an abandonment state, when experiencing personal care and attention, showed a change that translates into the possibility of interacting and learning at school.
Esta investigación analiza los discursos que identifican un número expresivo de niños como hiperactivos en la Educación Infantil de la Red Municipal de Enseñanza de Porto Alegre. El discurso escolar produce diagnóstico y encamina a los consultorios médicos, pero, ¿con qué intención? ¿Qué cambia en la organización pedagógica a partir del diagnóstico o del laudo médico? ¿Qué denuncia el cuerpo? ¿Qué denuncia el cuerpo? Las preguntas se tradujeron para organizar la cuestión central de la investigación: ¿Qué ocurre con el saber y el no saber de la educación de cara a los Cuerpos Que No Paran? Para dar sustentación a las búsquedas, se desarrollaron algunos conceptos fundamentales. El concepto de normalidad, teniendo como base el pensamiento de Canguilhem y Foucault, se asocia al pensamiento sistémico de Gregory Bateson. Considerando la continua articulación entre normal y anormal se busca la construcción del concepto de Trastorno de Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad – TDAH, tomando las referencias históricas de construcción de ese concepto y las evidencias de que el diagnóstico referente a tales sujetos se presenta en la forma de epidemia en el contexto investigado. Un análisis cartográfico de la atención, concepto también central en la tesis, da evidencia a la Atención entendida no como condición previa, sino en su movimiento circular de invención, como efecto del/en el aprendizaje. El trabajo de investigación fue desarrollado dándole destaque a bebés y a niños pequeños que integran la Red Municipal de Enseñanza de Porto Alegre, por medio de la atención a los discursos de las Educadoras Especiales que prestan atención a esos niños y asesoría a las escuelas. A partir de las entrevistas, hubo la composición de grupos de argumentación que, en forma de pequeños títulos, son llamados de Nombres-Preguntas: ¿Cuándo paran los niños? ¿Cómo se refieren a esos niños? ¿Qué palabras, qué grupos de argumentaciones se usan? ¿Cómo se muestra el desamparo en los niños, familias y profesoras? Entre las evidencias, una de las más importantes es la que identifica hiperactividad asociada a una dimensión de desamparo, dirigida no sólo al sujeto niño, sino a todos los implicados en esa red. El desamparo, entendido como una forma aguda de sufrimiento de diversos órdenes acaba por producir una existencia de sufrimiento. Sin embargo, a partir de la mirada dirigida al contexto, se observó que niños en estado de desamparo, cuando encontraron el cuidado y la atención personalizada, presentaron un cambio que se traduce en posibilidad de convivencia y aprendizaje en la escuela.
SANNICANDRO, KATIA. "Disturbi Specifici dell’Apprendimento, Scuola e Tecnologie Didattiche: progettare percorsi di potenziamento per la Scuola Primaria." Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/351683.
Full textFRISO, CHIARA. "LA DIDATTICA DAVANTI AL BLOG: CONTESTI SCOLASTICI TRA FORMALE ED INFORMALE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/325.
Full textThis thesis aims at analysing the blog/education binomial, extending its discussion and problematic nature to web technologies in the field of formal and informal educational methods. The teaching-learning question is selected as a guidance in the process under consideration and school is looked upon as the privileged field for research. This study places teaching and learning methods before blog and questions this new technique by examining it deeply in the afford to understand its potentiality in the formal and informal educational process. This study aims at putting into evidence possible advantages and problems arising from the application and planning possible innovations in the educational sphere. The research is based on two guiding lines: the theoretical-basic one referring to some background core topics (educational technologies, web, emerging methods, formal and informal education) and referring to the merits related to blog with its application to teaching; the empirical one based on a survey on the field aiming at bringing out and describing trends towards the use of blog in the Italian school environment.
Grandinetti, Rachele. "Il nuovo profilo dell'insegnante nella scuola inclusiva." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/77256.
Full textDEBE', ANNA. "MAESTRI "SPECIALI" ALLA SCUOLA DI PADRE GEMELLI. LA FORMAZIONE DEGLI INSEGNANTI PER FANCIULLI ANORMALI ALL'UNIVERSITA' CATTOLICA (1926-1978)." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2994.
Full textThe “School for the special aids and assistants for disabled children”, opened in 1926 at the Catholic University of Milan by father Agostino Gemelli, was one of the very first in Italy to set up about disabled children teacher training. This School gives evidence of Gemelli’s work in the special education area and also represents the Italian path toward scholastic inclusion for disabled persons. The interest of Gemelli, one of the most famous psychologists in the XX Century Italian framework, towards disability reflects how the contemporary Catholic world cared about interventions for the weakest not only driven by a charity feeling but based on scientific studies. Moreover, the study highlights how teacher training has changed from the Twenties to the Seventies of the last Century, following the different way of looking at disabled children, from isolation in special schools to inclusion in common classes. The thesis contributes to improve Italian studies in the field of the history of special education, a subject that has, for the most part, to be written. The research is carried out through archival investigations with the purpose of shedding light on teachers, users, materials and textbooks of the School, since its origin until the Seventies.
Toneatti, Laura. "Le concezioni sull'origine delle specie in bambini di scuola primaria." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425199.
Full textSCIARIADA, CATERINA. "Disabilità e trascendenza nel Myanmar buddhista. Etnografia di due scuole speciali a Yangon." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/315498.
Full textIn Myanmar, most parents of disabled children are left critically unprepared while confronting their offspring’s and their own needs. These parents cannot rely on the support from any government agencies, as the country lacks a special educational program for disabled children, as well as a national prenatal screening program. Moreover, in a context where social representations are shaped and influenced by strong religious beliefs (mostly derived from Theravada Buddhism), and by correlated ritual practices such as spirit cults (nats), parents discovering the disability of their newborn children are forced to drastically reconfigure their daily life practices, along with their intimate and social family narratives. As a result of a karmic assumption according to which disability is conceived as “fate” (a punishment for a guilt committed in a past life), or as a preternatural condition related to the taik dimension (world of the spirits), many parents are stigmatized and forced to rehash their family and social relationships. The research is based on an extensive over-one-year-long ethnography in Yangon, which included a series of around 50 interviews with parents of children affected by physical or intellectual impairments. As as result, the thesis examines the parents’ perspectives on disability, as they are influenced by their personal and religious beliefs, and by social expectations and constraints. The dissertation highlights how parents strategically adopt creative practices and discourses in order to cope with different social expectations, within a cultural environment where the defective body is conceived as something to be ashamed of, something that has to be hidden from the public sphere. The ethnographic fieldwork took place mainly at the Eden Centre for Disabled Children (ECDC), and the Mary Chapman School for the Deaf Children, two private schools specifically dedicated to disabled children, who are often unable to attend government schools because of the lack of special educational programs. Both institutions are charities and are located in Yangon, the colonial capital city of former British-ruled colony of Burma, now Myanmar. Besides participant observation and fieldnotes taking, the methodology included open-ended interviews. The single most important gatekeeper for the author to gain access to the fieldwork was an Italian association named Italy-Burma Friendship Association (Associazione per l’Amicizia Italia-Birmania), based in the Northern Italian city of Parma, which the author became a member prior to starting the ethnographic fieldwork in Yangon.
Mirca, Montanari. "L’inclusione degli alunni con ‘bisogni educativi speciali’ «BES» nella scuola primaria: un percorso di ricerca nel contesto nazionale." Doctoral thesis, Urbino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11576/2665492.
Full textCOTZA, VALERIA. "Il paradosso dell'inclusione. Uno studio di caso nel campo delle scuole popolari e della seconda opportunità." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/404415.
Full textThe research is part of the most critical and radical interpretation of the theoretical framework of Social Justice Education and starts with an analysis of the literature on the phenomenon of school drop-out and on that of the popular and second-chance schools, considered by virtue of their characteristics a bulwark in the fight against youth discomfort, social marginalisation and educational risk. The empirical part is dedicated to qualitative research centred on an intervention to combat school drop-out in the field of popular and second-chance schools: a case study was carried out in the school year 2020/2021 on the “Antonia Vita” Popular School in Monza, a school that offers young people aged between 13 and 16 in conditions of disadvantage or educational risk an alternative educational and didactic pathway to that of the traditional school system. The main objective of the study is to analyse the pedagogical model of the Popular School, initiating a first reflection on the concept of “drop-out” and also on the pedagogical model of the education system as a whole. To this end, the case study envisaged two distinct but complementary phases: a first, purely cognitive phase, aimed at exploring the representations and perceptions of a plurality of subjects and stakeholders regarding certain dimensions of the school and of educational and didactic work, resorting to the research and analytical methodology of the constructivist Grounded Theory; and a second phase of Research-Action, aimed at investigating the didactic mediation strategies that are activated between expert adults and students and in peer interaction. In the first case, 20 participant observations and 40 non-directive and semi-structured interviews were conducted; in the second case, an Educational Robotics Laboratory was carried out with the students, using Coderbot as a didactic mediator. First of all, the results show that the Popular School model is characterised by strong educational supervision, greater flexibility, dynamism and support than the traditional school, the individualisation of the students’ learning paths and the low numerical ratio between educator/teacher and pupils. This makes it possible to follow the individual student closely without “letting him or her get lost”. The school thus presents many structural differences with respect to the traditional school system, especially regarding the prominent position of the educator, who plays a supporting role on several levels. The results then invite reflection on the fragilities of the public education system, from which training needs emerge, particularly in the socio-educational sphere. Furthermore, the didactic mediation strategies put into practice during the peer tutoring phase of the Laboratory are discussed and a hypothesis is put forward regarding the effectiveness of this methodology in contexts of strong socio-linguistic deprivation. In line with the theoretical part and the research questions, the results outline an initial deconstruction and re-semantisation of the concept of “drop-out” in the light of that of “functioning”, proper to the bio-psycho-social model. The school is also configured as a paradoxical example of inclusion: in fact, the idea emerges that in order to pursue the objective of greater equity and justice in the school environment, there is sometimes a need to envisage alternative and highly individualised paths, which contrast with a canonical path to which experiences of exclusion and difficulty are linked.
Hammond, Joseph. "Art, devotion and patronage at Santa Maria dei Carmini, Venice : with special reference to the 16th-Century altarpieces." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3047.
Full textStrauss, Marceen A. "Unit on integrated sport/recreation activities for physically challenged persons entry level skin and pre-scuba diving training." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/276.
Full textGiancane, Francesco. "Testi lirico-monostrofici di tradizione orale cantata dalla «Raccolta Barbi»." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/86102.
Full textMARRAS, ALESSANDRA. "L'efficacia della facilitazione: la comprensione di testi narrativi in alunni sordi e udenti di scuola primaria." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1224920.
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