Relevant bibliographies by topics / Scyphistoma

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Scyphistoma'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Scyphistoma"

1

Lu, Y., CH Lucas, and A. Loveridge. "Transgenerational acclimation influences asexual reproduction in Aurelia aurita jellyfish polyps in response to temperature." Marine Ecology Progress Series 656 (December 10, 2020): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13517.

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Climate change events and anthropogenic activities (e.g. translocation of non-indigenous species) have been proposed to account for the rise of jellyfish blooms in coastal environments. Bloom-forming scyphozoan jellyfish of the genus Aurelia have successfully invaded new habitats and have caused damaging blooms. In attempting to understand the underlying reasons for their success, researchers have investigated immediate effects of changing environmental conditions (e.g. temperature) on scyphistomae of single/unknown generations, with a particular focus on asexual reproduction. However, it remains unclear how scyphistomae respond to changing conditions over longer time-scales or across generations, and how those responses influence bloom occurrence. Here, we examined the role of transgenerational acclimation in asexual reproduction of A. aurita scyphistomae in a 72 d orthogonal experiment, combining 3 parental with 3 offspring temperatures of 8, 12 and 16°C. The null hypothesis was that the thermal history of the parental (F0) generation will not affect asexual reproduction in the offspring (F1) generation. Our results indicated that, provided with a transgenerational temperature change, parent scyphistomae do modify the reproductive output and timing of offspring. Scyphistomae from ‘cold’ (8°C) parents displayed the greatest reproductive output (2.86 buds per scyphistoma) and earliest budding commencement (23.86 d) at warm temperature (16°C). Scyphistomae from ‘warm’ (16°C) parents displayed the greatest reproductive potential (2.63 buds) at medium temperature (12°C). Cold temperature (8°C) caused considerable inhibition of asexual reproduction in offspring scyphistomae, independent of the parental thermal history. Transgenerational acclimation may benefit potentially invasive jellyfish species facing climate-related and/or human-induced changes in the global marine environment, by facilitating asexual reproduction and subsequent bloom events.
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2

Korsun, Sergei, José F. Fahrni, and Jan Pawlowski. "Invading Aurelia aurita has established scyphistoma populations in the Caspian Sea." Marine Biology 159, no. 5 (2012): 1061–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-1886-9.

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3

Vodopivec, Martin, Rok Mandeljc, Tihomir Makovec, Alenka Malej, and Matej Kristan. "Towards automated scyphistoma census in underwater imagery: A useful research and monitoring tool." Journal of Sea Research 142 (December 2018): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2018.09.014.

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4

Morandini, André Carrara, Fábio Lang da Silveira, and Gerhard Jarms. "The life cycle of Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) with notes on the scyphistoma stage of three other species." Hydrobiologia 530-531, no. 1-3 (2004): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-004-2694-0.

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5

Davenport, John. "Note on the Trophic Relationships of the Stauromedusa Haliclystus Antarcticus from Subantarctic South Georgia." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 78, no. 2 (1998): 663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400041709.

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Stauromedusae are cnidarians that have attracted relatively little ecological study, especially in the southern hemisphere. They are Scyphozoa that develop directly from the scyphistoma, and each consists of a calyx and a more or less distinct aboral peduncle that attaches to the substratum by an adhesive disc. The animals are mobile on the substratum, but have no pelagic phase. The present note originates from observations made on stauromedusae living in intertidal and shallow subtidal waters at Husvik Harbour, South Georgia (54°11′S 38°40′W) in early 1994. The species concerned was identified from Kramp (1961), Carlgren (1930) and Pfeffer (1889) as Haliclystus antarcticus Pfeffer, 1889. This species has attracted little previous study. The most detailed anatomical description was given by Carlgen (1930), while distributional details are given in O'Sullivan (1982) who followed Pfeffer (1889); at present there is no evidence that the species occurs other than at South Georgia.Medusae were found on two substrata. Large animals (~30mm high, inconspicuous dark brown in colour) were found on the underside of boulders at extreme low spring tide level in a bay on the north of Husvik Harbour about 1·2 km from the whaling station and close to Brain Island. Locally they were common, often being close enough to touch one another. Smaller animals (pink-orange in colour; cryptic on the macroalga) were found attached to the brown macroalga Desmarestia menziesii J. Aghardh (Phaeophyceae) collected at low-water spring tide level from Kanin Point on the southern shore of the harbour. Medusae on boulders were briefly emersed on particularly low tides: they collapsed, hanging from the peduncle, when out of water, but did not risk desiccation as their habitat was wet and not exposed to the sun.
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da Silveira, Fábio Lang, and André Carrara Morandini. "Nausithoe aurea n. sp. (Scyphozoa: Coronatae: Nausithoidae), a species with two pathways of reproduction after strobilation: sexual and asexual." Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 66, no. 4 (1997): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06604004.

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Nausithoe aurea, a new species of scyphozoan Coronatae, is described from São Paulo State, Brazil. The solitary scyphistomae, with some zooxanthellae, strobilated producing planuloids and medusae; this represents an intermediate life cycle between that of metagenetic Nausithoidae and the submarine cave-dwelling, reduced medusa stage of Nausithoe planulophora (Werner, 1971). The periderm tube of the scyphistomae has 16 internal cusps in all whorls. The medusae present yellow pigment spots in most of their lappets. The early embryonic development is briefly described. Planuloid formation is hypothesized as explanation for polyp-stage philopatry.
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7

Rippingale, RJ, and SJ Kelly. "Reproduction and survival of Phyllorhiza punctata (Cnidaria: Rhizostomeae) in a seasonally fluctuating salinity regime in Western Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 8 (1995): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9951145.

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Although medusae of the scyphozoan Phyllorhiza punctata are abundant in the Swan-Canning estuary during summer, they are absent when surface waters are dominated by low-salinity runoff water following winter rains. In the laboratory, scyphistomae of P. punctata are shown to survive in conditions of temperature and salinity that occur in the estuary during winter in waters deeper than 5 m. It is postulated that areas of deep water provide a winter refuge for scyphistomae and that asexual production of both ciliary buds and ephyrae enables rapid growth of the P. punctata population in the spring of each year.
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8

Cabrales-Arellano, Patricia, Tania Islas-Flores, Patricia E. Thomé, and Marco A. Villanueva. "Indomethacin reproducibly induces metamorphosis in Cassiopea xamachana scyphistomae." PeerJ 5 (March 1, 2017): e2979. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2979.

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Cassiopea xamachana jellyfish are an attractive model system to study metamorphosis and/or cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis due to the ease of cultivation of their planula larvae and scyphistomae through their asexual cycle, in which the latter can bud new larvae and continue the cycle without differentiation into ephyrae. Then, a subsequent induction of metamorphosis and full differentiation into ephyrae is believed to occur when the symbionts are acquired by the scyphistomae. Although strobilation induction and differentiation into ephyrae can be accomplished in various ways, a controlled, reproducible metamorphosis induction has not been reported. Such controlled metamorphosis induction is necessary for an ensured synchronicity and reproducibility of biological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. For this purpose, we tested if differentiation could be pharmacologically stimulated as in Aurelia aurita, by the metamorphic inducers thyroxine, KI, NaI, Lugol’s iodine, H2O2, indomethacin, or retinol. We found reproducibly induced strobilation by 50 μM indomethacin after six days of exposure, and 10–25 μM after 7 days. Strobilation under optimal conditions reached 80–100% with subsequent ephyrae release after exposure. Thyroxine yielded inconsistent results as it caused strobilation occasionally, while all other chemicals had no effect. Thus, indomethacin can be used as a convenient tool for assessment of biological phenomena through a controlled metamorphic process in C. xamachana scyphistomae.
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Jarms, Gerhard, André Carrara Morandini, and Fábio Lang da Silveira. "Polyps of the families Atorellidae and Nausithoidae (Scyphozoa: Coronatae) new to the brazilian fauna." Biota Neotropica 2, no. 1 (2002): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032002000100004.

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Solitary scyphistomae of the scyphozoan order Coronatae were sorted from samples collected at 12 oceanographic stations of the Revizee-Score Sul/Bentos project along the Brazilian coast. The 201 specimens were found, at depths between 133-808 m, growing on stony corals. These scyphistomae were assigned to the families Nausithoidae (186) and Atorellidae (15) based on the outer morphology of the periderm tubes. The number and shape of the cusps, and the presence of second order teeth in some of them, suggests that the polyps should be split into four types, two of them assigned to Nausithoe Kölliker, 1853 and two others to Atorella Vanhöffen, 1902. Living stephanoscyphistomae should be collected and reared to further resolve the taxonomy of these scyphozoans.
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Morandini, André C., Sergio N. Stampar, Maximiliano M. Maronna, and Fábio L. Da Silveira. "All non-indigenous species were introduced recently? The case study of Cassiopea (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) in Brazilian waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, no. 2 (2016): 321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416000400.

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Upside-down jellyfish (genus Cassiopea) can be found in tropical coastal waters worldwide. Until now reports of the genus from Brazilian waters have been scant. We report here medusae and scyphistomae collected from Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro state. Although we could not unambiguously identify the material using morphological criteria, genetic sequence data (COI) indicate that the Brazilian jellyfishes are genetically similar to those from Bermuda, Hawaii and Florida, which are related to specimens from the Red Sea (Cassiopea andromeda). We hypothesize that the presence of C. andromeda in Brazil is due to an invasion event, as the scyphistomae were found growing over the known invasive ascidian Styela plicata. Estimation of divergence time between Brazil (Cabo Frio) and Florida/Bermuda populations is that it occurred at the beginning of ship movement to South America.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Scyphistoma"

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Widmer, Chad L. "Influences of temperature and salinity on asexual reproduction and development of scyphozoan jellyfish from the British Isles." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6326.

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Jellyfish (Phylum Cnidaria, Class Scyphozoa) play important roles in pelagic ecosystems as predators and prey. Seasonally they form blooms facilitating reproductive success, but that are at times problematic for human enterprise. Medusa abundance has been correlated with environmental variables in several instances. However, the direct mechanisms for changes in medusa abundance are unclear. As global sea surface temperatures continue to change there is increasing concern that warming may enhance conditions favourable for the generation of jellyfish medusae. It is important to understand the ways in which temperature affects all life history stages of jellyfish if we are to begin to understand factors associated with jellyfish bloom formations, but how temperature and salinity affects life history stages of scyphozoan jellyfish from British waters remains largely unknown. In Chapter 1 I provide a general introduction to some key issues important to the formation of jellyfish blooms. In Chapter 2 I present results for experiments testing the effects of temperature on settlement and metamorphosis of planulae larvae of Cyanea capillata, Cyanea lamarckii, Chyrsaora hysoscella, and Aurelia aurita. Chapter 3 reports on the effects of temperature and salinity on survival, and asexual reproduction of scyphistomae of the same species. Chapter 4 reports on the effects of temperature and salinity on growth of newly released ephyrae of each of the above mentioned species, as well as the effects of starvation on survivorship on ephyrae of A. aurita originating from two distinct populations of scyphistomae. In Chapter 5 I provide a brief summary of significant findings for each life history stage, their theoretical implications when taken together, and next steps for future research. I also offer recommendations for ecosystem managers with an eye toward affecting the numbers of near-shore jellyfish medusae generated each season in the waters surrounding the British Isles.
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Books on the topic "Scyphistoma"

1

Shuker, Karl Patrick Nicholas. The biology of asexual multiplication in Cassiopea andromeda (Cnidaria: Syphozoa): Incorporating a reappraisal of the roles and significance of the planula bud and scyphistoma. University of Birmingham, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Scyphistoma"

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Morandini, André Carrara, Fábio Lang da Silveira, and Gerhard Jarms. "The life cycle of Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) with notes on the scyphistoma stage of three other species." In Coelenterate Biology 2003. Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2762-8_40.

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2

Lesh-Laurie, G. E., A. Hujer, and P. Suchy. "Polyp regeneration from isolated tentacles of Aurelia scyphistomae: a role for gating mechanisms and cell division." In Coelenterate Biology: Recent Research on Cnidaria and Ctenophora. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3240-4_13.

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