To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Scythians in the Ukraine.
Journal articles on the topic 'Scythians in the Ukraine'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Scythians in the Ukraine.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ventresca Miller, Alicia R., James Johnson, Sergey Makhortykh, Claudia Gerling, Ludmilla Litvinova, Svetlana Andrukh, Gennady Toschev, et al. "Re-evaluating Scythian lifeways: Isotopic analysis of diet and mobility in Iron Age Ukraine." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): e0245996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245996.
Full textAbstract:
The Scythians are frequently presented, in popular and academic thought alike, as highly mobile warrior nomads who posed a great economic risk to growing Mediterranean empires from the Iron Age into the Classical period. Archaeological studies provide evidence of first millennium BCE urbanism in the steppe while historical texts reference steppe agriculture, challenging traditional characterizations of Scythians as nomads. However, there have been few direct studies of the diet and mobility of populations living in the Pontic steppe and forest-steppe during the Scythian era. Here, we analyse strontium, oxygen, and carbon isotope data from human tooth enamel samples, as well as nitrogen and carbon isotope data of bone collagen, at several Iron Age sites across Ukraine commonly associated with ‘Scythian’ era communities. Our multi-isotopic approach demonstrates generally low levels of human mobility in the vicinity of urban locales, where populations engaged in agro-pastoralism focused primarily on millet agriculture. Some individuals show evidence for long-distance mobility, likely associated with significant inter-regional connections. We argue that this pattern supports economic diversity of urban locales and complex trading networks, rather than a homogeneous nomadic population.
2
Kuprii, S. O., O. V. Lifantii, and O. V. Shelekhan. "BARROW 6 OF VODOSLAVKA BURIAL GROUND. THE GRAVE OF SCYTHIAN NOBILITY." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 33, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 182–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.04.11.
Full textAbstract:
This is the first publication of the barrow 6 of burial ground placed near Vodoslavka village in Novotroitskyi district of Kherson Oblast of Ukraine. Under the small mound of soil 1.4 m height two wealthy persons were buried in the same catacomb with two entering pits. Due to stratigraphy observation, the funeral rate in this case had two phases. Firstly, the body of Scythian noble warrior was placed in the grave in his armour and with weapon. Near him on the West his horse was putted in separate small grave. Some time since, the woman’s corpse dressed in ceremonial gown with gold decoration was placed near man in his grave. Lately, the grave was robbed (probably not long time since funeral rates). But robbers used the second entering pit for their purpose. It is very uncommon, that after taking some of the grave goods and disturbing the upper part of bodies, thefts have leaved in the second entering pit the animal sacrifice (?) — horse corpse.
The grave goods demonstrate the high social level of the two Scythians. The man was buried with representative set of weapon: set of ranged weapon, spears and javelins, scaled armour and antique greaves. On the woman’s skeleton the number of gold clothes decorations were recorded. Besides that, the set of silver table ware was found inside the catacomb, and the entrance to the grave was lock with wagon parts.
The analysis of the gold appliquйs and rings, armour, weapon and silver vessels shows the time of burial — second—third quarter of the 4th century BC. The area, where these noble Scythians found their last resting place, was strategically important at that time. This barrow was built on the way that leaded from the Bosporan Kingdom to the center of the Scythia in the Dnieper River area.
3
Khudaverdyan, A. Yu, A. A. Hovhanisyan, A. A. Yengibaryan, R. Sh Matevosyan, G. G. Qocharyan, P. S. Palanjan, L. G. Eganyan, and A. A. Khachatryan. "Population of the Armenian Higlands in the age of Antiquity (according of anthropological materials of urban and rural settlements)." VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, no. 1(48) (March 2, 2020): 96–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2020-48-1-9.
Full textAbstract:
Article is devoted to studying of bone remains from antique burial grounds from the territory of the Armenian Highland. Anthropological materials of burials consist of 322 skeletons and dated I–III c. AD. The article analyzes the differences in anthropological characteristics of urban and rural population of Armenia of Antiquity period. The work is based on classical craniometric and statistical research methods. Artificial cranial deformationare and unintended deformation of a cradle-type found among urban and rural populations. As an intragroup analysis showed, the main differences between male urban and rural population across the size of the width of the frontal bone and face. If the villagers face orthognatic, angle of horizontal profiling at the top level enters the category of averages, in urban women face mezognatik, the angle of horizontal profiling is characterized by small values. Intergroup analysis showed, closest to urban male groups it turned out the tribes of Chernyakhov culture and the population of the Middle East. A male part of the villagers shows intimacy with Scythians of Crimea, Ukraine and Transnistria. The female part of the towns’ people is close with the Scythians of Ukraine and Crim; villagers are morphologically similar to the carriers of the Middle Sarmatian cultures of the Don region, with a population of the first centuries AD from Tanais, European and Asian Bosporus. Morphological analogies with the population of Northern Turkmenistan (Tumek-Kichidzhik), Western Ukraine (Chernyakhov culture), Middle Dnieper and Moldova (Scythians) were also revealed. This circumstance confirms the fact of sustainable, constant migration flow to the territory of the Armenian Highlands.
4
Mogylov, O. D. "THE ARMAMENT FROM THE SVITLOVODSK CEMETERY." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 31, no. 2 (March 25, 2019): 102–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.02.08.
Full textAbstract:
The weapon is one of the most representative categories of material culture of the Scythians, entering the «Scythian triad». Armaments are massive material in the graves of not only Scythian nobles, but also ordinary people. It is widely represented in the Svitlovodsk burial ground in the south of the Dnieper Right-Bank Forest-Steppe, where it was recorded in 75 tombs (46.6 % of their total number). As a rule, a larger set of weapons is characteristic of richer graves. More often it was revealed in male graves. But sometimes in women. Sometimes there is a weapon in the graves of children and adolescents. The monument was investigated in 1975—1990. N. M. Boky and I. A. Kozyr. Most often, arrows are found in the graves of the necropolis: 707 objects, originate from 73 burials (more than 45 %). The earliest products belong to the Middle Scythian time, and most of them date from the IV century BC. Spears and darts were found in 13 graves (8 %). This burial of wealthy fellow warriors. Swords are rare, they were only in 3 graves. The armament complex of the Svitlovodsk repository in Central Ukraine shows us the military equipment of an ordinary Scythian community. Despite the poor status of the departed, the level of militarization was high.
5
Chochorowski, Jan, Marek Krąpiec, Sergej Skoryj, and Vadim Skrypkin. "Wiggle-Match Dating of Tree-Ring Sequences from the Early Iron Age Defensive Settlement Motroninskoe Gorodishche in Mielniki (Central Ukraine)." Radiocarbon 56, no. 2 (2014): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/56.17460.
Full textAbstract:
In 2002–2003, excavations were carried out within the early Iron Age fortified settlement of Motroninskoe Gorodishche in Mielniki (central Ukraine, obl. Cherkassy). The excavations revealed relics of a charred wooden structure in the core of the earth rampart, originally forming the outside fortification line of the settlement. Dendrochronological analysis of 20 charred pieces of the oakwood from the rampart demonstrated that they all represented a single construction phase. However, the chronology produced from them spanned only 62 yr, and the attempts of dating against the European oak standards were unsuccessful. For absolute dating, radiocarbon analysis was conducted on nine samples consisting of 4–8 tree rings, relatively dated and coming from selected timbers, of which dendrochronological sequences defined the above chronology. The wiggle-matching method allowed to determine the two most plausible periods tree cutting: 665–630 or 625–520 BC. The construction date of the rampart outlines the beginning of construction of the fortification system of one of the most heavily reinforced strongholds in eastern Europe raised by the local, settled population for defense against the nomadic Scythians invading from the steppe. Taking into account historic data and other dated artifacts, it may be assumed that the first period, 665–630 BC, would be more probable. This conclusion supports the historical process (crucial for eastern Europe) of migration of the Iranian Scythians from inside Asia and settling in areas around the Black Sea.
6
Chochorowski, Jan, Marek Krąpiec, Sergej Skoryj, and Vadim Skrypkin. "Wiggle-Match Dating of Tree-Ring Sequences from the Early Iron Age Defensive Settlement Motroninskoe Gorodishche in Mielniki (Central Ukraine)." Radiocarbon 56, no. 02 (2014): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200049687.
Full textAbstract:
In 2002–2003, excavations were carried out within the early Iron Age fortified settlement of Motroninskoe Gorodishche in Mielniki (central Ukraine, obl. Cherkassy). The excavations revealed relics of a charred wooden structure in the core of the earth rampart, originally forming the outside fortification line of the settlement. Dendrochronological analysis of 20 charred pieces of the oakwood from the rampart demonstrated that they all represented a single construction phase. However, the chronology produced from them spanned only 62 yr, and the attempts of dating against the European oak standards were unsuccessful. For absolute dating, radiocarbon analysis was conducted on nine samples consisting of 4–8 tree rings, relatively dated and coming from selected timbers, of which dendrochronological sequences defined the above chronology. The wiggle-matching method allowed to determine the two most plausible periods tree cutting: 665–630 or 625–520 BC. The construction date of the rampart outlines the beginning of construction of the fortification system of one of the most heavily reinforced strongholds in eastern Europe raised by the local, settled population for defense against the nomadic Scythians invading from the steppe. Taking into account historic data and other dated artifacts, it may be assumed that the first period, 665–630 BC, would be more probable. This conclusion supports the historical process (crucial for eastern Europe) of migration of the Iranian Scythians from inside Asia and settling in areas around the Black Sea.
7
Fialko, O. Ye, M. A. Homchyk, and Yu P. But. "MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS FROM THE SCYTHIAN KURGANS OF KHERSON REGION (a New Look at Famous Artefacts)." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (September 22, 2018): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.03.10.
Full textAbstract:
In 1973, the Kherson Expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of Ukraine under the leadership of A. I. Terenozhkin discovered a group of kurgans near the village of Lvove in the Kherson region. Five Scythian graves were investigated in the mound 11. Two of them belonged to the Amazons and have not been robbed.
Some of the items from these kurgans are stored in the National Museum of Ukrainian History. After the restoration, they in fact have got a second life and a new attribution. The most interesting are things from burial 2: a pair of iron spring forceps, an iron knife with a bone faceted handle, and a bronze bowl. According to the Doctor of Veterinary O. P. Melnyk, these items are close to modern medical instruments. The bronze bowl with thin sides, a flat bottom and a corolla with a rigid ledge could serve for fast heating of water and sterilization of tools. Iron forceps could be used to take tools out of boiling water. The shape of the knife blade and its technological features are similar to modern hoof knives designed to care for the hooves of animals. A similar bowl was found in burial No. 4, while another bowl and a bronze knife were in the main burial 7 of the same kurgan.
Moreover, the collection of the Museum contains a series of iron knives from kurgans near Pervomaivka village in Kherson region. Their design features, according to Professor O. P. Melnyk, allow us to see in them medical instruments. One of them by the shape of its blade resembles a modern scalpel.
Judging by pieces of art, healing and zootechnics have reached a high level among the Scythians. Significant examples in this respect are the metal bowl from the kurgan Kul-Oba and the amphora from the kurgan Chortomlyk. The scene of the castration of a horse is depicted on an amphora. As reported by Strabo, the Scythians had a common practice to castrate horses, and the Amazons have been taking care of their horses on their own. Consequently, it is quite possibly that the Amazons carried out certain veterinary operations. In addition to castration, an equally important operation in horse breeding is the cleansing of hooves.
The considered artefacts served as tools that could be used both in medicine, and in veterinary medicine. Thereby we can make a conclusion that the Scythian Amazons did not concede to men in medical practice as well.
8
Scarre, Chris. "EDITORIAL." Antiquity 91, no. 360 (December 2017): 1413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2017.217.
Full textAbstract:
One of the recurrent patterns in the Eurasian past is the tension between the steppe and the sown—between the nomadic peoples occupying the grassland belt from the Ukraine to China, and the settled farmers living along their southern margins. Peoples of the steppe have featured regularly in recent issues of Antiquity: the bronze-working traditions of the eastern steppes (Hsu et al. 2016)1, Andronovo settlement in Xinjiang (Jia et al. 2017)2, the Yamnaya people of the western steppes (Heyd 2017; Kristiansen 2017)3,4, or animal husbandry in the southern oases (Lhuillier et al. 2017)5. The more nomadic the lifestyle, the fewer the archaeological traces one might expect to find; but for some steppe peoples, those traces are nonetheless spectacular. And for none is that truer than for the Scythians, subject of the current major exhibition at the British Museum.
9
Khudaverdyan, A. Yu, A. A. Yengibaryan, R. Sh Matevosyan, N. G. Alekhanyan, and A. A. Khachatryan. "Physical type of the Armenian Highlands populations in antiquity (based on osteometrical materials from urban and rural settlements)." VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, no. 1(52) (February 26, 2021): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-52-1-11.
Full textAbstract:
The paper is concerned with the analysis of osteometrical data from the antique populations of the Armenian Highlands, i.e. anthropological materials of burials dated to the 1st–3rd c. AD. We analyse the differences in an-thropological characteristics between urban and rural population of Armenia in antiquity. In total, 78 individuals of both sexes have been examined using traditional osteological methods. The study involved visual examination of the skeletons, images, descriptions and radiography. For the intergroup comparison, canonical analysis based on the averaged intergroup correlation matrix was used [Deryabin, 1983]. Visually, bones of the villagers appear to be more massive and quite elevated. Men, buried in rural areas differ from those from urban environments in smaller longitudinal dimensions of humerus, radius and ulna, and in larger icircumference of humerus, ulna and femur. Analysis of the data shows that the studied groups carry some features characteristic for populations adapted to high-altitude environments. Intergroup analysis suggests that the closest to the urban male groups would be the Maeotian population from the eastern coast of the Sea of Azov. The female part of the urban com-munity is close to the population of the first centuries AD from Gurmiron. Male villagers show similar features to those of Scythians of Ukraine (Scythian Neapolis); villagers are morphologically close to groups of Sarmatian cultures of the Lower Volga Region. Indirectly, this observation confirms the fact of stable, continuous migration flow into the territory of the Armenian Highlands. There is a certain agreement in the differentiation pattern of the ancient Armenian Highland population from the osteometric and craniometrics data. The osteometric data can be a rather important source of information for reconstruction of biological affinities of human populations.
10
Vertiienko, Hanna. "The Saknivka Plate." Eikon / Imago 10 (February 8, 2021): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/eiko.74150.
Full textAbstract:
This paper proposes the reconstruction of the Scythian eschatological concepts on the basis of semantics of the Sakhnivka plate composition (4th century BC, Museum of Historical Treasures of Ukraine, branch of the National Museum of History of Ukraine). Taking into account the ritual detour of the sacral center from left to right in the Indo-Iranian tradition, the plate plots show a consecutive visual statement of the episodes of the myth of Kolaxais’ destiny. The culmination scene of the plate includes three figures. The half-turned and full-face iconography of the Goddess shows her belonging to two figures, on her both sides: to a meeting of the bearded Scythian king on the right and a scene with a young Scythian on the left (an image of the young, “regenerated” king / Kolaxais). Only the last figure has a in caftan wrapped from right to left, i.e. the clasp of the “living person” (as opposed to other figures) that confirms his special status of ‘reborn’. Accordingly, scenes show the important episodes of the Scythian eschatological representations connected with posthumous fate, basis for the ideology of funerary rites.
11
Ocheretnyi, S. I. "HORN COMB FROM THE EXCAVATION ON NEMYRIV HILLFORT." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 33, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.04.27.
Full textAbstract:
The processing of bone and horn is the pinnacle of handicraft of forest-steppe population of Scythian time. In early Scythian Age the most bone and horn products are represented by elements of horse bridle, household implements and toilet objects in the material culture of the population of Ukraine.
The comb made from horns of deer from the excavations of B. I. Lobai at the Nemyriv hillfort in 1980 is published in the paper. Іts form and ornamentation are analyzed, parallels with similar archetypes of early-Scythian Age throughout the territory of Ukraine are presented. There are two main categories of combs divided according to their function: economic tools and toiletries. Considering the fragile proportions and exquisite ornamentation, this example should be attributed to disparate specimens to the toiletries.
The horn combs of the Scythian time are divided according to their functionality. The most common combs were simple and used for household purposes, for combing wool. They were based on several teeth (5—8 pieces) sometimes with a vertical handle but more often they were a single plate without a handle. Such simple forms of comb are spread throughout the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, in such settlements of the Scythian time as Severinovka, Trakhtemyriv, Bielsk and other.
Dr. G. Smirnova considered analogs of a comb for hairstyles from the Nemyriv settlement. These combs had a vertical handle with a small shield at the end. The number of teeth, unlike commercial combs, is larger (8—10 teeth, sometimes up to 25). The ridges of Perebikovtsi and Novozvedenye II mounds were similar to Nemyrivsky but without ornament. Combs for hairstyles were spread not only among the indigenous population but also among the inhabitants of the Greek Black Sea Policies. But unlike the Scythian combs made of horns, or sometimes of precious metal, the Greeks used wooden combs for their daily consumption.
12
Wentz, R. K., and N. T. de Grummond. "Life on horseback: palaeopathology of two Scythian skeletons from Alexandropol, Ukraine." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 19, no. 1 (January 2009): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.964.
Full text
13
Gorbanenko, Sergiy. "Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) in the Archaeological Chronicle of Ukraine." Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica, Natural Sciences in Archaeology XI, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24916/iansa.2020.2.3.
Full textAbstract:
This article collects and organizes data on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) finds from archaeological sites in modern Ukraine. The first find comes from charred macro-residues discovered in the middle of the 20th century in the hillfort of Bilsk. Two more finds are represented by imprints on clay products. They were discovered as a result of a purposeful inspection of ceramics; these finds come from Scythian sites. The last find comes from an Ancient Rus site: a significant amount of charred material was found there. The territory of modern Ukraine is situated at the crossroads of Eurasian land routes and waterways. The findings presented are important for restoring the history of the appearance of the cocklebur in Europe.
14
Lillie, Malcolm C., Chelsea E. Budd, Inna D. Potekhina, Douglas Price, Mykhailo Sokhatsky, and Alexey G. Nikitin. "First isotope analysis and new radiocarbon dating of Trypillia (Tripolye) farmers from Verteba Cave, Bilche Zolote, Ukraine." Documenta Praehistorica 44 (January 4, 2018): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.18.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents an analysis of human and animal remains from Verteba cave, near Bilche Zolote, western Ukraine. This study was prompted by a paucity of direct dates on this material and the need to contextualise these remains in relation both to the transition from hunting and gathering to farming in Ukraine, and their specific place within the Cucuteni-Trypillia culture sequence. The new absolute dating places the remains studied here in Trypillia stages BII/CI at c. 3900–3500 cal BC, with one individual now redated to the Early Scythian period. As such, these finds are even more exceptional than previously assumed, being some of the earliest discovered for this culture. The isotope analyses indicate that these individuals are local to the region, with the dietary stable isotopes indicating a C3 terrestrial diet for the Trypillia-period humans analysed. The Scythian period individual has δ13C ratios indicative of either c. 50% marine, or alternatively C4 plant inputs into the diet, despite δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr ratios that are comparable to the other individuals studied.
15
Lillie, Malcolm C., Chelsea E. Budd, Inna D. Potekhina, Douglas Price, Mykhailo Sokhatsky, and Alexey G. Nikitin. "First isotope analysis and new radiocarbon dating of Trypillia (Tripolye) farmers from Verteba Cave, Bilche Zolote, Ukraine." Documenta Praehistorica 44 (January 4, 2018): 306–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.44.18.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents an analysis of human and animal remains from Verteba cave, near Bilche Zolote, western Ukraine. This study was prompted by a paucity of direct dates on this material and the need to contextualise these remains in relation both to the transition from hunting and gathering to farming in Ukraine, and their specific place within the Cucuteni-Trypillia culture sequence. The new absolute dating places the remains studied here in Trypillia stages BII/CI at c. 3900–3500 cal BC, with one individual now redated to the Early Scythian period. As such, these finds are even more exceptional than previously assumed, being some of the earliest discovered for this culture. The isotope analyses indicate that these individuals are local to the region, with the dietary stable isotopes indicating a C3 terrestrial diet for the Trypillia-period humans analysed. The Scythian period individual has δ13C ratios indicative of either c. 50% marine, or alternatively C4 plant inputs into the diet, despite δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr ratios that are comparable to the other individuals studied.
16
Бадецький, Андрій Б., and Валерій О. Самолюк. "Кремаційний могильник ранньозалізного віку Монастирок-2 на Волині." Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego 41 (2020): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2020.41.7.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents materials from the recently discovered cremation cemetery of the pre-Scythian period Monastyrok-2, Rivne region (Ukraine). Collection was obtained during filed walking prospections and small scale excavations. Classification of all materials was carried out and on the basis of the given analogies a general dating was proposed between end of X and VIII century BC.
17
Konovalova, Olha. "Formation of Female Deity Archetype in Arts and Crafts of Ukraine." ART Space, no. 3 (2018): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2519-4135.4.2018.3.16.
Full textAbstract:
The article investigates the origins and analyses the semantics of the sacred female figure of a womangoddess in the context of arts and crafts of archaic cultures in Ukraine. The connection between the religious beliefs and images of stylized female figures on the pottery of the Cucuteni-Trypillian culture and in the toreutics of Scythia.
18
Rudych, Tetiana. "The Population of the Forest-Steppe Zone of Ukraine During the Scythian Time." Archaeology, no. 3 (September 24, 2020): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/archaeologyua2020.03.040.
Full text
19
Ławniczak, Marcin, and Marcin Ignaczak. "Macrospatial Analysis of Early Scythian Fortified Settlements in the Right-Bank of Ukraine." Baltic-Pontic Studies 21, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bps-2017-0010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The macrospatial analysis of fortified settlements in the right-bank of Ukraine allows for observations of a few regularities related to the location of sites along the rivers and watersheds. ‘Land’ settlements, e.g. Yakushyntsi or Mlynok, may have connected sites located along large watercourses, e.g. Trakhtemyriv, Rudkivtsi, which specialised in trade with the Greeks.
20
Kantorovich, A. R. "IMAGES IN SCYTHIAN ANIMAL STYLE ON THE ARTEFACTS OF «CRIMEAN COLLECTION»." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 31, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 430–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.02.35.
Full textAbstract:
Article presents the results of the integration of the array of zoomorphic images on the objects from the «chance finds» collection stored in the Archaeological Museum of the Institute of Archaeology of NAS of Ukraine and published by S. A. Skoriy and R. V. Zimoviec, in the systematics of the images of the Eastern-European Scythian animal style created by the author, based on the latest data. The realized iconographic and statistical analysis suggests, on the one hand, the authenticity of most of the items of the «Crimean collection» (conditional term proposed by the author), decorated in the manner of the Scythian animal style, on the other hand, that these items can be initially located not only in the Crimea, but also in other regions of the Scythian archaeological culture, and primarily from the regions of the Kuban and the Middle and Lower Dnieper basins.
21
Solovei, O. "Mosaic Panel «Scythian Ukraine – Steppe Hellas» of Mykola Storozhenko. Architectonics of the Plastic Space." Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture, no. 27 (February 27, 2019): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33838/naoma.27.2018.215-220.
Full textAbstract:
This article shows architectonical features of the plastic space in the mosaic panel of Mykola A. Storozhenko «Scythian Ukraine – Steppe Hellas» (1987–1992) and analyzes the composition structure of this work in the context of interrelationships of the multi-faceted imagery and symbolic formation. Nowadays a wide range of such completely concrete formal artistic aspects as composition structure features and architectonics of the plastic space in monumental works of Mykola Storozhenko, in particular his mosaic panels, are still understudied. By making a compositional and constructive analysis the author has revealed interrelationships forming between plastic space elements of the work in the course of the internal imagery interaction and has drawn associative conceptual parallels. The author considers the complex imagery panel system in the context of visual perception focused on symbolic and information as well as national and historical plans of the composition idea. As exemplified by the mosaic panel «Scythian Ukraine – Steppe Hellas» it has been shown that all means of artistic expression aim to establish a stable and architectonically complex plastic system. As a result of research the author of this article proves that the integrity of the imagery is guaranteed by each of the above formal and conceptual composition elements; each of them has its function and creates an irreplaceable and unique constructive imagery fragment in the plastic space of the mosaic panel. On the other hand, the emphasis is made on the fact that only the total effect of interaction of all vectors leads to the powerful multi-layer imagery and symbolic formation which depth the architectonical vertical of archetype and moment of perception comes through and unfolds to the outside. Materials of this analytical research are quite important when solving a question of the theoretical and practical application directly in the creative process in order to improve education programs for composition and as a methodological auxiliary material for students of creative specialties and art expert students.
22
Medvedev, A. P., and R. S. Berestnev. "ON THE BEGINNING OF THE EARLY IRON AGE IN THE TERRITORY OF MIDDLE DON BASIN." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 31, no. 2 (March 25, 2019): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.02.07.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the characterization of pre-Scythian time monuments in the forest-steppe course of the Don. The authors come to the conclusion about the regional specificity of the process of cultural genesis in this territory at the beginning of the early Iron Age.
The authors analyze the new treasure of Novocherkassk type. It was opened in 2016 in the Podgorensky district of the Voronezh region. This treasure includes psalms, hatchet, metal plates, bracelet-like rings, spearheads. In inventory, it is close to the pre-Scythian burials in the forest-steppe Ukraine (Butenki, Kvitki). Obviously, the population that left the treasure penetrated into the territory of the Middle Don region from the steppes between the Dnieper and Ciscaucasia — the place where the Cimmerian culture was formed in the 9th century. Objects close to the Proto-Meotian, Novocherkassk complexes, their diversity show this process.
It remains an open question about the relationship in the studied region of the funerary monuments of Novocherkassk type and Middle-Don mounds of the Scythian time.
23
Kantorovich, Anatoliy R., and Anna A. Gribkova. "A Gold Plate in the Collection of the Museum of the Historical Treasures of the Ukraine and the Motif of the Recumbent Wild Boar in the Scythian Animal Style." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 20, no. 2 (November 24, 2014): 212–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700577-12341269.
Full textAbstract:
This article is devoted to the publication and analysis of a previously unpublished artefact – a gold plate with a depiction of a recumbent wild boar held in the Museum of the Historical Treasures of the Ukraine. On the basis of a visual examination, the authors have interpreted the article as the facing of a Scythian ritual wooden vessel. On the basis of an iconographic analysis of the depiction of the wild boar, they have dated it to the 5th centurybc, possibly to its second quarter. The depiction is discussed in relation to other depictions of a wild boar in Scythian art and an attempt is made to piece together the process of how the motif of a recumbent boar appeared in the Scythian Animal Style of Eastern Europe. Together with its close parallels, the authors attribute this depiction to the “Aleksandrovka – Arkhangel’skaya Sloboda” stylistic type for the depiction of recumbent boars dated to the period from the late 6th to the early 4th centurybc. The authors also attempt to piece together the process of the appearance of the motif of the recumbent wild boar in the Scythian Animal style of Eastern Europe as the result of the convergence of the Near-Eastern motif of a recumbent wild boar and the Saka-Siberian design of a “sudden breaking” wild boar.
24
Vertiienko, H. V. "«ORIENTAL APHRODITE» ON THE OBJECTS FROM TERRITORY OF SCYTHIA (on the origins of iconography)." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 33, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.04.25.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzes the origins of the iconography of a woman’s face with a hairstyle that has characteristic curls, which have been deployed in different directions, on the objects of Scythian material culture. This feature of iconography is fixed twice. The first case are four silver and gilded pendants from the barrow 34 near the village Sofiyivka, Kherson region (Museum of Historical Treasures of Ukraine — a branch of the National Museum of History of Ukraine, inv. no. 2755/1—4). The second case, is the image on the working part of a bronze stamp from the Kamyanskoe settlement (Archaeology Museum of the Karazin National University of Kharkiv, inv. no. VN 2089). As for the female hairstyle on these images, it is not typical for classical Hellenic art, but finds parallels in the art of the Eastern Mediterranean and Ancient East. This style is similar to the so-called «Hathoric wig» in the art of ancient Egypt (on stelae, sculptures, amulets, painting on coffins, mirrors, musical instruments, etc.), which influenced the iconography of the hairstyles of female deities («Oriental Aphrodite») of the Mediterranean. The image of the goddess in the «Hathoric wig» could permeate to the Northern Pontic Sea Region through the Hellenic craftsmen, as a replica of the image of «Oriental Aphrodite» cult of whom may have existed in the region. At the same time, these images could be a «copy» (imitation) made by the Scythian craftsmen directly from the Egyptian original, most likely from some faience amulet, which usually has similar size and sometimes reproduces the head of Hathor. According to Herodotus, in the Scythian pantheon, the figure of Celestial Aphrodite (Aphrodite Urania) was corresponded by Argimpasa (Herod. IV, 59). Consequently, in such an iconographic form these images could depict this goddess. The image of the «Hathoric wig» on these objects can be considered the most northern examples of this iconographic element.
25
Balashov, I. O., and O. D. Mogylov. "SHELLS OF MOLLUSCS FROM MOTORONYN HILLFORT." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 31, no. 2 (March 25, 2019): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.02.17.
Full textAbstract:
The shells of 3 land molluscs’ species are found in the historical layer of VI—V century B.C. from the Motronyn hillfort of the Scythian age (Chyhyryn district of Cherkasy region, Ukraine): Helix pomatia, Austrotachea vindobonensis and Fruticicola fruticum. All these species are known to still occur in this area. Since it was disputable whether the H. pomatia was recently introduced in the Dnipro area, an evidence of its presence for at least 2400 years in this region is notable. Nature of damage to the shell of H. pomatia indicates that it was probably used for food by humans.
26
Motuzaite-Matuzeviciute, Giedre, Sergey Telizhenko, and Martin K. Jones. "Archaeobotanical investigation of two Scythian-Sarmatian period pits in eastern Ukraine: Implications for floodplain cereal cultivation." Journal of Field Archaeology 37, no. 1 (March 2012): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/0093469011z.0000000004.
Full text
27
KAPRUS’, IGHOR J., and WANDA M. WEINER. "The genus Pseudachorutes Tullberg, 1871 (Collembola, Neanuridae) in the Ukraine with descriptions of new species." Zootaxa 2166, no. 1 (July 23, 2009): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2166.1.1.
Full textAbstract:
Four new species of Pseudachorutes from Ukraine are described and illustrated: P. vitalii sp. nov., P. scythicus sp. nov., P. vasylii sp. nov. and P. janstachi sp. nov. These new species differ in the body size, in the details of body chaetotaxy, in the number of vesicles of PAO, in the shape of mandibles, in the chaetotaxy of labrum and labium. The following species are redescribed on the basis of Ukrainian material: Pseudachorutes pratensis Rusek, 1973, Pseudachorutes palmiensis Börner, 1903, Pseudachorutes parvulus Börner, 1901, Pseudachorutes subcrassus Tullberg, 1871, Pseudachorutes dubius Krausbauer, 1898 and Pseudachorutes corticicolus (Schäffer, 1896). A key to the Ukrainian Pseudachorutes species are given, too.
28
Otroshchenko, V. V., and Yu V. Boltryk. "ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE KURGAN ARCHAEOLOGY IN UKRAINE: ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROBLEMS." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 37, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 358–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2020.04.30.
Full textAbstract:
The book of memoirs of our teacher, Professor Alexander Leskov (1933—2017) prompted us to address the topic of the deployment of a wide front of archaeological research in the areas of reclamation construction in the south of Ukraine. Unfortunately, posthumously. It is said that one can say either good or nothing about the departed. Such approach is appropriate in memorial ceremonies or in nostalgic memories of a round date. But «Archaeologist’s notes» was announced in the Preface of the Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences A. Ivanchik as «an important document for the historian of Russian science». In this case the document, left to the descendants by the famous scholar, requires meticulous approach by colleagues, especially those who were the witnesses of events which are set forth in the lengthy and not easy to read text. The attention of authors of the paper is focused on the fruitful Ukrainian period of scientific and organizational activity of the famous scholar, his successes and blunders. The events, described in the memoirs, reflect not only his personal dramatic life but also the archeology of the Ukraine, the acquisition of its independence in the conditions of inevitable political crisis.
О. Leskov’s expeditions like a powerful bulldozer have passed through the kurgans of steppe Ukraine plowing many artifacts to the surface.
The wavering between the glitter of Scythian gold and the urgent problems of the Late Bronze Age left the author of the «Memoirs» in the grip of scientific stereotypes and ideas of the 1970s. Archaeologists in Ukraine have switched to a more informative method of excavating of mounds with several parallel balks but this has already happened without the detonator of the kurgan boom.
29
Tunkina, Irina. "Academician G. F. Miller and the Treasures from Litoi Kurgan." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 13, no. 3-4 (2007): 193–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/092907707x255764.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe burial-mound "Litoi Kurgan" was excavated in 1763 on the instructions of Lieutenant-General A.P. Mel'gunov 30 metres from the fortress of Saint Elizabeth (now known as Kirovograd, Ukraine). It cotained an assemblage of gold and silver articles of the Early Scythian period: examples of oriental metal-work and articles which had been fashioned in the traditions of the Scythian Animal Style. The prestigious nature of these finds was on a par with the grave-goods found in royal Scythian burial-mounds. The artefacts were presented to Empress Catherine II, who commanded that Academician G.F. Miller (1705-1783) should draw up a description of them and that they should be held in the Kunstkammer of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. One hundred years later the hoard was transferred in installments to the Hermitage Museum. In this article information regarding the assemblage from the Litoi Kurgan site is pieced together on the basis of archive documents and publications dating from the 18th and 19th century. Modern interpretations of this information and attempts to date the finds are also included: some of the artefacts were transferred from the Hermitage to museums in Kharkov and then lost during the Second World War. It is precisely with the excavations of the Litoi Kurgan burial-mound that the birth of a separate branch of archaeology is associated – namely Scythian studies. Litoi Kurgan is one of the sites from the Scythian Archaic period, which link together the Dnieper region and the Northern Caucasus. It is possible that it is a cenotaph burial-mound associated with the era of the Scythian campaigns into the Near East and dating from the second half of the 7th century BC.
30
Makhortykh, S. V. "GOLD APPLIQUES AFFIXED TO THE WOODEN BOWLS FROM THE PERESCHEPINE BURIAL GROUND NEAR BELSK." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 31, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 470–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.02.38.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of gold plaques on wooden vessels from the Pereshchepino cemetery near Belsk, which are among the brightest indicators of Scythian culture and mark the distribution of this category of funeral equipment in the Dnieper forest-steppe Left Bank in the middle — second half of the 5th century BC. Items considered are represented by several subject-stylistic groups, among which there are plaques decorated with geometric patterns (a double row of convex points), and plaques with various zoomorphic motifs (recumbent stag, head of a bird of prey). The images differ in local specificity and have an original interpretation of individual details. First of all, it concerns the motif of recumbent stag, which demonstrate iconographic dynamics and with the involvement of materials from neighboring territories indicate the formation in the «late» V — first decades of the 4th centuries BC a «forest-steppe» type of images of this animal. Objects of animal style from forest-steppe areas of Ukraine are an important component of the Scythian art of Eastern Europe and must be taken into account when analyzing the genesis of this phenomenon.
31
Polidovych, Yu B. "PRECIOUS ITEMS FROM THE SHUMEIKO BARROW." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 33, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 322–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.04.24.
Full textAbstract:
The paper deals to the finds from the barrow near the Shumeiko farm in the Sula river basin (now Sumy region of Ukraine) which was excavated by Sergei Mazaraki in 1899. Objects of Scythian culture were found in the mound: weapons, horse bridles, and vessels. Mikhail Rostovtsev mistakenly attributed to these finds the fragment of ancient Greek kylix of the end of the 6th century BC. Modern researchers date the barrow assemblage near the Shumeiko farm to the first half of the 6th century BC (Igor Bruyako, Denis Grechko, Denis Topal, Oleksandr Shelekhan). Sergey Polin attributes it to Early Scythian time.
In the paper three precious items from the barrow are described in detail. This is a sword, the handle of which is plaqued with gold. The ancient craftsman used the granulation technique for decoration. Not only the ancient Greek jewelers used this technique. The masters of Urartu applied it as well. It was used in the decoration of the sword from the Kelermes barrow in the Kuban region, as well as on various adornments. The iron sword has an original shape and belongs to the Shumeiko type (according to Denis Topal, Oleksandr Shelekhan). Such swords were most common in the first half of the 6th century BC. The scabbard was decorated by the gold plate with images of animals and the gold tip. The analysis shows that the images of wild goats and predators are made in the early Scythian animal style. The sheath tip also corresponds to the early Scythian tradition and finds analogies in the Pre-Scythian time. On the contrary, at a later time (the end of the 6th — beginning of the 5th century BC), according to other principles (barrow No 6 near the Oleksandrivka village, Gostra Mogyla near the Tomakovka village) the tips of the scabbard were made. Near the sword the gold plate in the form of a running hare was found. It was made in the Scythian animal style. This plate was probably part of the sheath decor and adorned a side leather ledge that helped to attach the scabbard to the belt. A preliminary conclusion is made about the belonging of precious items from the Shumeiko barrow to the Kelermes horizon of antiquities of the Early Scythian culture.
32
Bérczi, Szaniszló. "Geometry of royal tomb art of ancient Eurasia: Scythian, Xiongnu and Chinese Ethnomathematics from Ukraine, Russia, Mongolia and China." Pollack Periodica 7, Supplement 1 (January 2012): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/pollack.7.2012.s.20.
Full text
33
Didenko, Serhii, and Oleksandr Shelekhan. "Scythian-Time Daggers with Simplified Cross-Guards (Based on the Materials from the National Museum of History of Ukraine)." Archaeology, no. 2 (June 28, 2016): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/archaeologyua2016.02.065.
Full text
34
Lyashko, Yu Yu. "WEAPON OF THE EARLY IRON AGE FROM COLLECTION OF KAMYANKA HISTORICAL MUSEUM." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 31, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.02.26.
Full textAbstract:
The article is sanctified to description of standards of weapon twenty-four hours of early ferrous age, that is kept in the display of historical museum of Kamyanka of state Historical and Cultural Center reserve of the Cherkasy areal.
In this paper, brief information is provided on similar analogues of weapons that were found on the territory of Ukraine. But their short description is made. Particularly worthy to highlight the Scythian sword-akinak, which is made in uncharacteristic for this type of form, with a slightly curved blade and one-sided sharpening. This type of weapon is a unique achievement of weaponry and dates from the second to the third quarter of the Vth century BC. Also at the end of the work there is a conclusion regarding the existence of certain types of weapons in the Prytyasminsky region.
35
Kudryachenko, A. "The Historical Stages of the Resettlement of Germans in Ukraine." Problems of World History, no. 10 (February 27, 2020): 92–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-10-6.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzes the three stages of the migration of the German ethnic group into the territory of modern Ukraine, different in nature, character and orientation, and their features are clarified. The author reveals the geography of the first migratory flows of the Goths in the second half of the II century, which went from the Wisla delta to Scythia, and were divided into the western (settled on the right bank of the Dnieper) and eastern. The latter, having settled down near the Sea of Azov, founded the state of Germanarich, and in the IV century, under the pressure of the Huns, the center of life of Goths moved to the Kerch Peninsula, the mountainous region of Crimea, where their state association Gothia existed until the XVIII century.
It turns out that in the early Middle Ages there was a second wave of German settlements on modern Ukrainian lands from the West European direction. The expansion of the settlements of Germans and immigrants from other European countries on the lands of Kievan Rus was facilitated by political relations, which were also realized with the help of dynastic marriage unions. The princes of Kiev, pursuing a foreign policy worthy of a great power, have equal relations with the main European states of the medieval world - the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) and Byzantium, they invite priests, German craftsmen and merchants. Starting from the XI century, small German trade colonies appeared in Kiev, Vladimir-Volynsky, Lutsk and other cities. During the Lithuanian-Polish period, the influx of German settlers to Ukrainian lands is increasing. This was facilitated by various benefits and provision of points to the German immigrants by Lithuanian princes and Polish kings. In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, Magdeburg law was acquired by large trading cities.
The third period, the most significant resettlement and colonization, that is, large-scale development of the South of Ukraine - the Sea of Azov, the Black Sea region and the lands of Crimea - begins in the second half - the end of the 18th century. The author emphasizes that this most powerful period and the great positive history of the development of our region is largely connected with immigrants of German origin (and representatives of other ethnic groups). This period becomes a powerful colonization and economic development of the entire South of Ukraine, the rich land of the Azov, Black Sea, Crimea. It is noted that then, on the initiative and real support of the government of tsarist Russia, the development of wide steppe spaces took place, which, together with Ukrainian lands, had recently been transferred to the Russian Empire. Since then, the history of immigrants has become part of the history of the Ukrainian people.
The dynamics of the development of German colonies in different provinces of the South of Russia is analyzed separately, the social aspects of the life of settlements, the grave consequences for the colonists associated with the First World War, and revolutionary events in the Russian Empire are indicated. The gains and losses in the national development, in the arrangement, in the administrative division of the German and other settlers, which were the consequences of radical fluctuations in the national policy of the Soviet government in the pre-war period, are revealed.
36
Yanko, Nataliia Valentinovna, Andrij Vladislavovich Artemyev, and Lyudmyla Fedorivna Kaskova. "Frequency of dental caries in children in the Early Iron Age and the Medieval populations from Ukraine." Anthropological Review 80, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anre-2017-0030.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn this paper we determine the caries frequency in children of the Early Iron Age (EIA) (the 9th - the 3d centuries BC) and the Medieval populations (the 8th - the beginning of the 15th century AD) from the Ukraine area, and compare the results with the data from several European populations who lived at the same time. The EIA is presented by 41 children skeletons, three of which were Cimmerian (the 9th - the 7th centuries BC) from the territory of contemporary Poltava region; 38 skulls from the territory of contemporary Poltava region and Crimea represented Scythian period (the 7th - the 3d centuries BC). Remains of 24 children from the Medieval populations were also examined, three of which were the ancient Hungarians from the Poltava region (the 8th - the 9th centuries AD), 6 Khazars from the Kharkiv region (the 8th - the 9th centuries), 1 child related the Old Rus culture from the Kyiv region (the 9th century), and 14 representatives of the nomadic populations in the Golden Horde period (the 13th - the beginning of the 15th century) from the Poltava and Zaporizhzhya regions. Taking in consideration the letter archaeobotanical studies we suggest that there were no major changes in the plants exploited during all the studied periods. The frequency of carious lesions in children from the Medieval populations (8.3% in individuals, 0.5% in deciduous teeth, and 0.4% in permanent teeth) is only slightly higher than those from the EIA period (2.4% in individuals and 0.2% in deciduous teeth). These indexes were not larger those of majority of European populations dated to the same historic period. Further isotopic, chemical and palaeobotanical studies of the additional sites, with sufficient sample sizes, allow us to learn so much more of the cariogenic factors in children of the past populations from the Ukraine area.
37
Molev, E. A. "SCYTHIANS IN KYTA." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 27, no. 2 (June 22, 2018): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.02.21.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the results of studies of Scythian monuments of ancient settlement and necropolis of Kytaia. In the scientific revolution, the materials of the 1970—2012 research carried out by S. S. Bessonova and E. A. Molev and not illuminated in full in due time.
38
Lukovskа, O. "Ukrainian textile art: international cooperation." Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture, no. 27 (February 27, 2019): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33838/naoma.27.2018.125-132.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzes the aspects of international cooperation in Ukrainian textile art at the end of the XX – the beginning of the XXI century. It is observed that artists have the opportunity to travel to Europe and participate in a variety of art exhibitions, conferences, festivals, symposiums and more. Such cooperation significantly enlives artistic movements and activates creative searches and also motivates experimentation. It is proved that the integration of Ukrainian textile art into European space begins to be of particular importance. Several prominent international textile projects in Ukraine and Poland were a large group of Ukrainian authors of textiles participated were analyzed. It is analyzed that among other international textile projects in Ukraine, where professional art textile is presented, important are The Biennial Art Textile "Scythia" in Kherson, The International Youth Symposium "Arche-Thread-Novo" in Lviv. It is also a collective exhibitions were the textile works are regularly represented – "Autumn Salon", "Impressions of September", "Lviv`s Winter", "Textile Inspiration" in The Lviv Palace of Arts. Among the prestigious international events that are traditionally held abroad, in particular in Poland, is The Textile Arts Festival in Kovary, The International Biennial of Flax Fine Cloth "From krosno to Krosno " and many others. It is noted that the positive feature of projects is an attempt to attract the geography of international participants and to make a rich cultural program. The work presentation of the Ukrainian and foreign participants not only shows a wide range of creativity, but also contributes to the enrichment of national traditions. An analysis of artistic events in Ukraine and Poland demonstrates the importance of international projects. It is proved that the integration of domestic artistic textiles into European space today is very important. It is argued that the article may become a material for further study of the Ukrainian art textile tendencies and creation of artists working in this field.
39
Karavaiko, D. V. "ABOUT THE THREE HILLFORTS OF SCYTHIAN TIME AT PUTYVL’S AM SEYM REGION." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 27, no. 2 (June 22, 2018): 264–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.02.19.
Full textAbstract:
Nowadays, the archaeological excavations conducted on the three hillforts — two of them are situated near Vorgol village and one of them near Shiryaevo, at Putyvl’s am Seym region. Vorgol hillfort was explored by D. T. Berezovets. The fortified settlements are located on the surrounding capes of the high right riverside of the Kleven. About 300 square meters were investigated and conducted the transverse section of a shaft on the Eastern hillfort, in 1949. The researcher was a specialist of antiquities of the Slavic-Rus period, and therefore the materials of Scythian time were beyond his control. There are only clay sparrows of Early Iron Age, in the collection, which is partially stored in the funds of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
D. T. Berezovets conducted excavations on the Shiryaevo hillfort, in 1948—1949. Unfortunately, the results of that works have not been published, and some information of that excavations are published in this article for the first time. The researches on the hillfort was continued by V. A. Ilyinskaya, in 1950. This archaeology site is dated VI—IV centuries BC. The results of archaeological researches were publicated on the «Archeology» journal. It was not possible to cover all the material at that time, regarding to objective reasons. At least the two horizons were extract on the Shiryaevo hillfort, as result of analysis of the collection of excavations in 1949—1950. The first, oldest of them, is dated VI, maybe the beginning of V century BC. The second, according to the material, is dated the second half of the V—IV centuries BC. The total investigated area, during the years 1948—1950, is about 300 square meters.
40
Murzin, Vyacheclav Yu. "««CITIES» OF NOMADIC SCYTHIANS." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (History and Political Science), no. 5 (2019): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-676x-2019-5-189-199.
Full text
41
VOGELSANG, W. "Medes, Scythians and Persians." Iranica Antiqua 33 (January 1, 1998): 195–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ia.33.0.519206.
Full text
42
Gross, Michael. "Saving Scythians from oblivion." Current Biology 31, no. 8 (April 2021): R359—R361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.004.
Full text
43
Nesterovskyi, V. A., O. S. Dzneladze, S. A. Gorbanenko, and O. V. Andrieiev. "«BLUSHER» FOR THE DEAD (the Results of Research of Mineral Artefacts from Zolota Balka Graves)." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (September 22, 2018): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.03.15.
Full textAbstract:
The results of the studies of mineral artefacts from the graves of the Late Scythian burial ground of Zolota Balka were introduced into scientific circulation. At this site, 87 graves were excavated; in 10 of them mineral artefacts were identified. The latter one is the object of this study, while their significance and role in the funeral rite is the subject.
Analytical studies revealed that the vast majority of the mineral substances of red-orange colour is realgar (arsenic sulfide). It is a toxic substance with a detrimental effect on the organisms. Its deposits in Ukraine are unknown. There is an opinion in the archaeological literature that realgar was placed in burials because of the colour of this mineral. However, a similar colour is inherent in ochre, which is much easier to find in the surroundings. Taking into account the properties of realgar and given the need to deliver it from afar, we consider that it was used as a preservative for better storage of organic remains in the graves and for less reproduction of pathogenic flora within the family crypts, where later the dead would be buried again.
44
Babenko, L. I., and O. V. Lifantii. "THE ATTRIBUTION OF FORGOTTEN ASSEMBLAGE FOUND NEAR VASYLKIV VILLAGE." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 33, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.04.06.
Full textAbstract:
In 1895 Yulia F. Abaza made the archaeological excavations near Vasylkiv village of Zvenyhorod district. The found materials were given to the Archaeological museum of Kiev Saint Vladimir Imperial University that has not survived till nowadays. In 1899 these artefacts were presented as one Scythian burial mound assemblage at the 11th Archaeological Congress exhibition in Kyiv, though the analysis of collection’s items demonstrate their cultural and historical broad range. There are ca. fifteen vessels of Trypillia and one — of Middle Dnieper cultures. The biggest part of the assemblage under discussion is presented by two horizons of Scythian Age. Also one sword belongs to the Sarmatian culture. This diversity makes impossible to assume belonging of all described items to one archaeological complex.
A little bit later the finials (pole-tops) discovered by Yulia F. Abaza were published as finds from Kaniv district (B. I. and V. A. Khanenko) or as the finds from the Mezhirichka from Balta (A. A. Bobrinskii). The last passport was recognized by scholars and was repeated in a lot of analytical papers. However no paper mentioned these finials among the finds explored by Yu. F. Abaza in 1895 at the barrows near Mezhirichka village. It is absolutely clear now that their interpretation as the Mezhirichka’s finds was mistaken. The arguments on the matter are fully described in the paper.
Now due to our «investigation» the main part of collection of Yulia F. Abaza’s excavation in 1895 in Zvenyhorod district was reinvented again. Now almost all artefacts from this works near Vasylkiv village (modern Cherkasy Region of Ukraine) are kept in National Museum of Ukrainian History. The one finial was given in 1950 to M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum.
45
Medvedev, A. P. "ON SOME PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH SOURCES ON THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SCYTHIAN HISTORY." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 27, no. 2 (June 22, 2018): 410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.02.30.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this article is the problem of correlation and verification of ancient literary sources and archaeological evidence with a view to reconstruct the history and culture of the early Scythians. The author analyzes the current state of affairs in cultural identification of the Cimmerians and the Scythians in Russian archaeological and historical science and shows drawbacks of the hypercritical approach to ancient literary sources on the basis of the early Greek tradition on the Cimmerians and the Scythians in the Northern Black Sea region. If we use the methods that have been recently used to analyze the Greek tradition on the Cimmerians, we will have to make a disappointing conclusion that not only the Cimmerians but also the Scythians in the Northern Black Sea region are virtually not mentioned for a period before the middle of the 5th century BC. The archaeological evidence can largely make up for the shortage of narrative sources on the Scythians. The author makes a conclusion that the «old» hypothesis about the arrival of the Scythians in the Black Sea region (based on the third Herodotus’ story) and replacement of the late pre-Scythian culture by the early Scythian one combines almost all known literary and archaeological evidence into a more consistent theory than the «new» approach offered in the 1990s and stating that the Cimmerians were bearers of the Early Scythian culture known only to the west of the Euphrates.
46
Ivanov, Dmitri D., and Boris N. Mankovsky. "Antihypertensive Treatment and Kidney Function in Routine Practice in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Results of the Prospective "The Scythian" Trial in Ukraine." Open Urology & Nephrology Journal 7, no. 1 (July 24, 2014): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874303x01407010071.
Full textAbstract:
Background : Hypertension, albuminuria and decreased GFR are regarded as independent risk factors that reflect progression of the diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We carried out second phase of prospective study which aim was to learn the possibility of implementation of intensive antihypertensive therapy into the routine clinical practice and assessment of such treatment influence on kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods : In the study 637 patients were included with DKD and arterial hypertension with BP level more than 130/80 mmHg and less than 1800 mmHg, having chronic kidneys disease (CKD) 1-4. As a basis for intensive antihypertensive treatment fixed combination of perindopril 5 mg and indapamide 1.25 mg were prescribed. If needed, after 4 weeks the dosage was increased up to perindopril 10 mg/ indapamide 2.5 mg to achieve targeted BP less that 130/80 mmHg. If targeted BP had not been achieved other antihypertensive preparations were added. Results : After 4 weeks of treatment average levels of systolic and diastolic BP were 141.3±0.5 and 86.3±0.3, after 8 weeks of therapy – 131.6±0.4 and 81.3±0.3 mmHg, and after 12 weeks of treatment –127.2±0.3 and 78.7±0.2 mmHg respectively. Target BP was achieved in 489 patients (73.3%) during 12 weeks of treatment. Statistically significant increase of GFR as a result of 12 weeks of antihypertensive therapy with fixed perindopril/indapamide combination was found to be between 84.3±1.1 and 94.7±1.1 ml/min./1,73m2, р<0.01. Conclusion : Antihypertensive therapy with fixed combination of perindopril 5-10 mg/indapamide 1.25-2.5 mg introduced into routine clinical practice of T2DM patients’ treatment, is effective for BP reduction, achievement of its targeted values and resulted in statistically significant trend to kidney function improvement.
47
Salgaraev, Marat Turganbaevich, and El’mira Umirzakovna Zulpikharova. "Military Policy of the Scythians." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 30, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 248–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2017.1307036.
Full text
48
Babenko, L. I. "FINIALS FROM CHMYREVA MOHYLA (finding of 1898)." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 33, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2019.04.22.
Full textAbstract:
In 1898 during excavations of Chmyreva Mohyla held by F. Brown, near the burial mound the countrymen plowed four bronze finials in shape of bearded deer. The finials were taken to the Hermitage collection, and in 1932 they were given to Ukraine, to Kharkiv, and now they are in the collection of the M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum.
On the outside the finials from Chmyreva Mohyla are close to those from the Haimanova Mohyla. But they are different in that they are less schematic, more variable inside the series and that they have more clear relief of the small details.
When found, one of the finials was broken into two parts — a plug and a deer figure. When the finials were given to Ukraine, the plug occasionally was left in the Hermitage and the deer figure was taken to Kharkiv. Later it caused the confusion in calculating the general number of finials from Chmyreva Mohyla, which was surmounted due to analysis of accounting records.
It is more correct to associate an animal on the finials with fantastic creatures due to its unnatural treat — a long goat beard.
«Deers’» postures on the finials are the bent front feet and stretched in a step hind feet that are typical for a posture of an animal that is carved by a predator or a gryphon. This equates to treat the «deers» as offering animals, which corresponds to the main function of the finials as means that provided for communication between the universe zones.
Tradition of depicting signs in the form of birds’ heads on the «deers’» shoulders and shieldbones had deeps roots, but for the Scythian art of the 4th century BC the peculiar trait was a gradual loss of zoomorphic basis and as a consequence — the characters schematization.
Analysis of the finials from Chmyreva Mohyla and Haimanova Mohyla allows making a conclusion that in the 4th century BC a practice of making finials by a specified pattern became widespread. Herewith different masters could have been participating in replicating the same copy; they tried to reduplicate a particular example, sometimes without the whole understanding the meaning of some of its details.
49
Klochko, Victor I., Nikolai N. Kovaliukh, Vadim V. Skripkin, and Ingo Motzenbecker. "The Chronology of the Subotiv Settlement." Radiocarbon 40, no. 2 (1997): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200018609.
Full textAbstract:
Samples collected at the Chornoliska culture site near the village of Subotiv, Cherkasy region during the 1994–1995 Ukrainian-German expedition were radiocarbon dated in Kiev. The foundation of the Subotiv settlement dates to 1300–1200 cal BC. A skeleton found in one of the buildings at this site is dated at the end of the early period (between 1120 and 1040 cal BC). In the youngest part (a small town) of the Subotiv settlement, we found the remains of a “building sacrifice"—the skeleton of a teenager. The average calibrated date for this skeleton is 834–807 cal BC, whereas the timber from the rampart dates between 902–810 cal BC. Thus, the rampart was apparently built between 834–807 cal BC. Among the objects found on the site were Arzhan-type bone arrowheads. Such arrowheads, when found in Eastern Europe, are believed to indicate the military expansion of Proto-Scythian nomads. The Sargary settlement in western Kazakhstan dates to 960–820 cal BC, the Arzhan arrow in Siberia to 960–850 cal BC. We assume that the Chornogorivka complexes in eastern Eurasia date to the earlier time period (960–820) than those in western Eurasia (834–807). The time of the Chornogorivka expansion on the territory of Ukraine is therefore within the range 834 to 820 BC.
50
Taylor, Timothy. "A platform for studying the Scythians." Antiquity 77, no. 296 (June 2003): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00092413.
Full text