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Academic literature on the topic 'SD 121 UL 2007 L445'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SD 121 UL 2007 L445"
Leblanc, Philippe. "Méthode de classification de la difficulté des terrains en fonction des obstacles jonchant le sol des sites forstiers à dégager." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24157/24157.pdf.
Full textMuñoz, Toro Williams Manuel. "Évaluation des systèmes de connexion pour les murs en bois en panneaux préfabriqués." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19661.
Full textThe objective of this research was the evaluation of connection systems for prefabricated light-frame wall-panels for potential improvement. The performance criteria were the resistance and compliance with North-American building codes for high-wind and seismic zones. The studied connection systems were chosen according to their ease of installation, low cost and availability. Three inter-segment connection configurations joining prefabricated wall segments were studied. Nine out-of-plane bending tests and eighteen static and cyclic racking tests were conducted on full-size walls. Results of bending tests indicate that the type of inter-segment connection did not influence the behaviour of the assembled walls. However, the attachment to the foundation with bolts allowed for reaching higher capacity and stiffness. On average, the assembled walls resisted pressures equal to 4.3 kPa, which corresponds to 232 km/h wind-speed. The racking tests results indicated that the configuration of inter-segment connection did not have a significant influence on the performance of wall assemblies. The walls with hold-down anchors showed a double resistance in comparison with walls without hold-downs. Shear capacities of tested walls were in close agreement with the design values specified in CSA-086 for shear walls except for one monotonic test of a non-anchored specimen. Finite element models were used to study the behaviour of walls assemblies subjected to in plane racking and out-of-plane bending loads. Auxiliary tests on nailed and screw connections provided input data for the model. Modeling results showed satisfactory predictions for identifying the failure zones and describing non-linear behaviour of prefabricated walls. The collected information contributes to a quantitative analysis of conventional and engineered light-frame walls. This information is crucial for the development of design methodologies for lateral load resisting systems of prefabricated houses.
Banville, Simon. "Aspects liés à la résolution des ambiguïtés de phase dans le positionnement ponctuel de précision (PPP) par GPS." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24747/24747.pdf.
Full textGPS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) still requires long observation sessions in order to achieve cm-level accuracy because ambiguity resolution in point positioning is affected by unmodeled errors and by the presence of receiver and satellite phase biases. In order to gain a better understanding of ambiguity resolution in PPP, an error budget has been made to assess the possibilities of accurate ambiguity fixing. Then, an approach using a GPS simulator has been proposed to calibrate receiver phase biases, and the results show evidence of unmodeled code biases and thermal effects in the receiver. Finally, modifications to the actual calibration methods of satellite phase biases have been suggested to improve compatibility with PPP’s functional model. Residual errors still affect the estimated values and suggestions are made to improve the proposed methodology. The calibration of phase biases is an important issue in achieving instantaneous cm-level point positioning.
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Rondeau, Mathieu. "La géomatique au service de l'archéologie de terrain : la solution Arch-Tablet." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19678.
Full textRycabel, Tadeusz. "Qualité et rendement en sciages selon les conditions de croissance des tiges d'épinette noire (Picea mariana Mill.)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24228/24228.pdf.
Full textThe development of black spruce stands under various ecological conditions and the hierarchy of the trees according to various heigths in a stand (dominant (over story) or dominated (under story)) influence the stem form and increment (growth rate). Stems characteristics influence directly the volume and the quality of the products. Therefore, the objectives of this research were: (1) to evaluate the quality of the stems and the yield in sawing according to specific conditions of growth of the stands and the trees; (2) to build a suitable model which describes the relationships among stand density, trees growth conditions, trees growth on various sites, mechanical properties as well as wood quality and value. Trees (180) taken in two natural stands (1) Alno rugosae – Piceetum marianae which constitute a rich site, SI ≈ 11 m at 50 years (Tembec site) and (2) Ledo groenlandici – Piceetum marianae which is described as poor site, SI ≈ 6 m at 50 years (Norbord site) showing various characteristics (age, diameter, stem position) were studied. The proportion and frequency of the defects such as curves and taper were evaluated on the entire bole. Wood mechanical properties (MOE and MOR) and defects before and after drying were directly determined for each piece of lumber (1500). The space available to each tree to grow was quantified with a new index. The index of competition (IC), characterizes the competition a tree undergoes and enables comparisons with wood characteristics. The statistical analyses indeed showed thad the IC become the principal variable to explain the characteristics of the trees, the volume of harvested wood and the value fo the products. Thus, the methodology consisted to elaborate a coherent system of equations which adequately reflects the productivity according to these various properties. This research contributes both to the fields of forest management and wood technology. The results obtained indicate that the mechanical properties of the lumber obtained in the Norbord site are definitely higher compared to lumber obtained from the Tembec site. The average MOE for lumber of the Norbord site reaches 13,4 GPa compared to 11,2 GPa for wood coming from the Tembec site. Thus, the MOR is estimated to 64,3 MPa and 48,7 MPa respectively for the Norbord and Tembec sites. However, the total volume of the products in the Tembec site is 3,5 times higher than in the Norbord site : 43,0 m3/ha (18,2 Mpmp/ha) for Norbord and 150,5 m3/ha (63,8 Mpmp/ha) for Tembec. Consequently, the total value per hectare ($/ha) of wood collected on the territory of Tembec (16 012 $) represents threefold the value of the lumber of the other site (5 514 $) even if the price per unit volume is more advantageous for the lumber of Norbord.
Bakillah, Mohamed. "Développement d'une approche géosémantique intégrée pour ajuster les résultats des requêtes spatiotemporelles dans les bases de données géospatiales multidimensionnelles évolutives." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24136/24136.pdf.
Full textBouillé, Marie. "Étude de l'évolution moléculaire du genre Picea A. Dietrich (Pinaceae) : phylogénies de gènes et phylogénies d'espèces." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/25017/25017.pdf.
Full textMessier, Frédéric. "Détermination de la ligne des hautes eaux dans le cadre de l'application de la Politique de protection des rives, du littoral et des plaines inondables : le cas des petits cours d'eau non instrumentés." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24416/24416.pdf.
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Sabo, Mamane Nouri. "Intégration des algorithmes de généralisation et des patrons géométriques pour la création des objets auto-généralisants (SGO) afin d'améliorer la généralisation cartographique à la volée." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24670/24670.pdf.
Full textWith the technological development of these past years, geospatial data became increasingly accessible to general public. New applications such as Webmapping or SOLAP which allow visualising the data also appeared. However, the dynamic and interactive nature of these new applications requires that all operations, including generalization processes, must be carried on-the–fly. Automatic generalization has been an important research topic for more than thirty years. In spite of recent advances, it clearly appears that actual generalization methods can not reach alone the degree of automation and the response time needed by these new applications. To improve the process of on-the-fly map generalization, this thesis proposes an approach based on a new concept called SGO (Self-generalizing object). The SGO allows to encapsulate geometric patterns (generic geometric forms common to several map features), generalization algorithms and the spatial integrity constraints in the same object. This approach allows us to include additional human expertise in an efficient way at the level of individual cartographic features, which then leads to database enrichment that better supports automatic generalization. Thus, during a database enrichment process, a SGO is created and associated with a cartographic feature, or a group of features. Then, each created SGO is transformed into a software agent (SGO agent) in order to give them autonomy. SGO agents are equipped with behaviours which enable them to coordinate the generalization process. As a proof of concept, two prototypes based on Open Source technologies were developed in this thesis. The first prototype allows the creation of the SGO. The second prototype based on multi-agents technology, uses the created SGO in order to generate data on arbitrary scales thanks to an on-the-fly map generalization process. Real data of Quebec City at scale 1: 1000 were used in order to test the developed prototypes.
Boukhecha, Mohammed. "Résolution instantanée des ambiguïtés de phase pour des systèmes hybrides GNSS modernes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24143/24143.pdf.
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