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1

Vanessa, Rocha Andréa. "Substitution operators." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/7073.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:28:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo4238_1.pdf: 678788 bytes, checksum: 1a19da235845c146881443f4bbcb79b9 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009<br>Nós estudamos um novo tipo de processo estocástico a tempo discreto, que nós chamamos de processos de substituição. Como o tempo é discreto, nós podemos definir este processo através de um operador que transforma uma medida de probabilidade (em um certo espaço) em outra. Vale a pena notar que a maioria dos estudos de processos de part
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2

Martyn, R. J. "Ipso aromatic substitution." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemistry, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7318.

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In the first part of this thesis the conformation and stereochemistry of a number of polychlorocyclohex-3-enones, formed by the reaction of chlorine in acetic acid and hydrochloric acid with polysubstituted phenols (or anilines), are discussed. Those polychlorocyclohex-3-enones with the H(Cl)CS or the Me(Cl)CS structural features were shown to exist in a twist-boat conformation with the CS-Cl bond in the flagpole orientation. In contrast, two polychlorocyclohex-3-enones with gem-dichloro substituents at C5, were shown to be conformationally mobile in solution. The alicyclic ring of two 4,4,5-t
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3

Parnjai, Jarungjit. "Behavioral service substitution." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16725.

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Serviceevolution erlaubt es, einen Service durch einen anderen Service zu verfeinern oder zu ersetzen. Der Austausch durch einen anderen Service sollte garantieren, dass alle oder ausgewählte Partner des Originalservices erhalten bleiben. In dieser Arbeit entwickeln wir einen Ansatz welcher einem Serviceentwickler helfen soll, Analyse- und Syntheseaufgaben für den Serviceaustausch so durchzuführen, dass jeder Partner eines gegebenen Services beim Austausch erhalten bleibt. Wir modellieren einen Kontrollfluss eines Services als Beschreibung der Reihenfolge von asynchron kommunizierenden Erei
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4

Anfinsen, Jarle. "Making substitution matrices metric." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9237.

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<p>With the emergence and growth of large databases of information, efficient methods for storage and processing are becoming increasingly important. The existence of a metric distance measure between data entities enables efficient index structures to be applied when storing the data. Unfortunately, this is often not the case. Amino acid substitution matrices, which are used to estimate similarities between proteins, do not yield metric distance measures. Finding efficient methods for converting a non-metric matrix into a metric one is therefore highly desirable. In this work, the problem of
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5

Maletti, Andreas. "Pure and O-Substitution." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-99193.

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The basic properties of distributivity and deletion of pure and o-substitution are investigated. The obtained results are applied to show preservation of recognizability in a number of surprising cases. It is proved that linear and recognizable tree series are closed under o-substitution provided that the underlying semiring is commutative, continuous, and additively idempotent. It is known that, in general, pure substitution does not preserve recognizability (not even for linear target tree series), but it is shown that recognizable linear probability distributions (represented as tree series
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6

Harriss, Edmund Orme. "On canonical substitution tilings." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408103.

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7

Dolby, David. "Propositions, substitution and generality." Thesis, University of Reading, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500543.

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8

Maletti, Andreas. "Pure and O-Substitution." Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26215.

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The basic properties of distributivity and deletion of pure and o-substitution are investigated. The obtained results are applied to show preservation of recognizability in a number of surprising cases. It is proved that linear and recognizable tree series are closed under o-substitution provided that the underlying semiring is commutative, continuous, and additively idempotent. It is known that, in general, pure substitution does not preserve recognizability (not even for linear target tree series), but it is shown that recognizable linear probability distributions (represented as tree series
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9

Mallet-Bricout, Blandine. "La substitution de mandataire." Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020072.

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La substitution de mandataire, operation a trois personnes reglementee par le code civil a l'article 1994, a lieu lorsque le mandataire confie a un tiers (mandataire substitue) tout ou partie de la mission qu'il a recue de son mandant, le substitue agissant alors au nom et pour le compte de ce dernier. Le legislateur de 1804 ne s'est interesse qu'a la responsabilite du mandataire principal a l'egard du mandant et a l'action ouverte au mandant directement a l'encontre du substitue. Mais bien des zones d'ombre subsistent, alors meme que la substitution de mandataire est tres frequemment mise en
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10

Mallet-Bricout, Blandine. "La substitution de mandataire /." Paris : Éd. Panthéon-Assas : diff. LGDJ, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb372052144.

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11

Marshall, Jonathan. "Heteroatom Substitution within Indenofluorenes." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20402.

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The inclusion of atoms other than carbon into the framework of polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons can have profound effects on the properties of the resultant compounds. Substitution of acenes with nitrogen-, oxygen-, and sulfur-containing rings has long been used as a strategy to alter the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of a compound and direct the solid-state morphology. In this thesis, I present my work in extending heteroatom substitution into the class of compounds known as indenofluorenes. Chapter I serves as an overview of indenofluorenes and related compounds with a special focus on t
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12

Murshed, Mohammad Mangir. "Gallium substitution in alumosilicate sodalites." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975134388.

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13

Kennedy, R. J. "Copper-promoted nucleophilic aromatic substitution." Thesis, University of Kent, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355148.

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14

Hartley, Joseph P. "Indium catalysed electrophilic aromatic substitution." Thesis, University of Bath, 2002. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760785.

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15

Pamukoglu, Güliz. "Import-substitution industrialization in Turkey." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69265.

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16

Chen, Cheng S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Security of substitution-permutation network." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101582.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-44).<br>In this thesis, we study the security of a block cipher design called substitution-permutation network (SPN). We prove that when S-box is chosen uniformly at random as a permutation, the resulting SPN is a strong pseudorandom permutation even against an adversary having oracle access to that S-box. We then examine some special cases of SPN for a fixed S-box and prove two special ca
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17

Rodriguez, Medina Inmaculada Concepcion. "Studies on oxidative aromatic substitution." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390923.

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18

PERROTEY, ANNE. "Substitution nucleophile et lithiation d'arenetricarbonylchrome." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066325.

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Dans la premiere partie de ce travail, nous avons etudie la regioselectivite de l'addition d'anions stabilises de nitriles ou d'esters sur le complexe de la benzophenone et de ses derives dans le but de synthetiser un precurseur du ketoprofene. Nous avons ensuite envisage une autre voie de synthese du ketoprofene: une substitution nucleophile ipso d'un atome d'halogene. Dans un premier temps, nous avons etudie la regioselectivite de la lithiation du complexe de la benzophenone protegee par un acetal (premiere etape avant l'halogenation). Dans la deuxieme partie, nous avons tente de lithier dia
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19

Wilson, Gregory Arthur. "Labor Substitution in U.S. Manufacturing." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31108.

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This paper presents a translog model designed to estimate the elasticity of substitution between capital, non-production workers, and production workers using U.S. manufacturing data for the period 1988 to 1997. The elasticity of substitution estimates derived from the translog model suggest that production workers and capital are substitutes, as well as non-production and production workers. Although the estimates do not provide conclusive evidence regarding the degree of substitutability between non-production workers and capital, they do indicate that the degree of substitutability betwee
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20

Gaymard, Alexandre. "Étude et suivi de la résistance des virus influenzae A aux inhibiteurs de la neuraminidase." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1135/document.

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Les virus influenzae sont des pathogènes importants ayant un impact à la fois écologique et en santé publique humaine. En effet chez l’Homme, ces virus sont responsables de la grippe, qu’elle soit saisonnière, pandémique ou zoonotique. Face à ces infections très peu d’options thérapeutiques sont disponibles : seuls les inhibiteurs de neuraminidases (INA) sont recommandés par l’OMS mais des résistances ont été décrites. Les substitutions H274Y, E119V et R292K sont les substitutions de résistance retrouvées le plus fréquemment dans les neuraminidases des virus influenzae humains. Dans notre trav
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21

Tasdemir, Ozlem. "Currency And Asset Substitution In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/1002369/index.pdf.

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This study investigates the determinants and effects of currency and asset substitution in Turkey using quarterly data from 1987:1 to 2002:4. The empirical results from the application of Johansen procedure to a four-variable system containing currency-asset substitution proxy (M2Y/M2)), real income, real exchange rate, and ratchet effect proxy (past peak values of the depreciation of the real exchange rate) suggest the presence of a single cointegration vector among the variables. The results further suggest the endogeneity of the degree of currency substitution for the parameters of the coin
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22

Lee, Jeong-Yup. "Lattice substitution systems and model sets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ60145.pdf.

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23

Hofmann, Robert Carl Werner. "Die Grenzen der Substitution im Arbeitszeitgesetz /." Lohmar ; Köln : Eul, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2969052&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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24

Wyper, Joshua Stephen. "The atonement of Christ penal substitution /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.042-0143.

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25

Nguyen, Quang. "Reinventing Aromatic Substitution: A Novel Look." TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1292.

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Electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) and directed ortho-metalation (DoM) involve the direct substitution of an arene hydrogen. A major drawback involving EAS is the necessity for harsh forcing conditions for the reaction to proceed. Catalysts such as Lewis acids FeBr3 and AICI3 for the introduction of halogens and acyl groups, respectively, are each highly toxic and corrosive. Textbook preparations of aryl iodides classicaly involved the use of iodine and nitric acid. This approach affords only modest yields and does not provide regiospecific substitution of most substituted aromatics bec
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26

Beard, Collen Alana. "Rubredoxin cobalt substitution and crystallization attempts." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29863.

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27

Murphy, Nicholas Patrick. "Radical aromatic cyclisation and substitution reactions." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2286/.

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This dissertation is divided into five chapters. Chapter One consists of an introduction to radical cyclisation and rearrangement reactions. Chapter Two investigates the reactions of substituted arylsulfonamides 278a-l with copper bromide and an amine ligand-TPA. This reaction involves an alkyl radical generated from the copper (I) bromide/TPA complex, which can then undergo a 1,5- ipso attack onto the sulfonamide leading to a cyclohexadienyl radical intermediate. Re-aromatisation and extrusion of sulfur dioxide leads to an amidyl radical intermediate. This can undergo either cyclisation back
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28

Stephen, J. A. "Co-substitution in novel hydroxyapatite materials." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590972.

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Silicate substitution in hydroxyapatite (HA), with a substitution limit of ~5.2 wt%, has been shown previously to enhance the bioactivity of this material <i>in vivo</i>. The current study describes the substitution of greater levels of silicate <i>via </i>a coupled substitution of yttrium and silicate ions for calcium and phosphate ions, respectively. This was carried out using two different substitution mechanisms, and silicate levels of up to 11.25 wt% were incorporated; these compositions were characterised extensively. There was not a clear correlation between the surface properties of sa
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29

Mugal, Carina Farah. "Nucleotide Substitution Patterns in Vertebrate Genomes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Evolutionsbiologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-198787.

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The rates and patterns at which nucleotide substitutions occur vary significantly across the genome sequence of vertebrates. A prominent example is the difference in the rate of evolution of functional sequences versus nonfunctional (neutrally evolving) sequences, which is explained by the influence of natural selection on functional sequences. However, even within neutrally evolving sequences there is striking variation in the rates and patterns of nucleotide substitutions. Unraveling the underlying processes that induce this variation is necessary to understand the basic principles of variat
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30

McMurdo, J. "Electrophilic aromatic substitution using methoxyacetyl chloride." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302997.

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31

Wainwright, Julie Ann. "Carbonyl substitution in platinum pentamethylcyclopentadienyl complexes." Thesis, University of Salford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245018.

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32

Talk, Ruaa. "Deprotonation-substitution of N-Boc-tetrahydroisoquinolines." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19202/.

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Tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) are found in a wide range of natural products and compounds with biological activity. This thesis describes the methodology of deprotonation‒substitution as an efficient route to 1-substituted THIQs and 3-substituted THIQs. This methodology was developed by using organolithium and organomagnesium chemistry. Firstly, methods were developed for the lithiation–substitution of tetrahydroisoquinolines by carrying out in situ ReactIR spectroscopic monitoring of deprotonation reactions. Moderate to high yields of products were obtained under the optimum reaction condit
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33

Maritime, Abraham Aaron. "An efficient substitution model scheme evaluator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42750.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaf 121).<br>by Abraham Aaron Maritime.<br>M.Eng.
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34

Chan, Lax. "Continuous spectra for substitution-based sequences." Thesis, Open University, 2018. http://oro.open.ac.uk/53661/.

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This thesis is chiefly concerned with the continuous spectra of substitution-based sequences. First, motivated by a question of Lafrance, Yee and Rampersad [34], we establish a connection between the ‘root-N’ property and the corresponding sequences that satisfy it having absolutely continuous spectrum. Then we use the recent advances in Bartlett [10, 11] to show that the Rudin–Shapiro-like sequence has singular continuous spectrum, hence does not satisfy the root-N property. This gives a negative answer to the question raised by the authors in [34]. Secondly, we use the connection we establis
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35

Nair, Aruna. "Justifying claims based on unauthorised substitution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b985b154-fbdb-4c47-863d-b95369af461c.

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This thesis examines the doctrinal justification for the contingency of certain private law claims on tracing in English law. It argues that, contrary to the currently dominant model of tracing as an evidential process, aimed at resolving factual uncertainties, the tracing rules are best understood as normative in function. They strike a balance between preserving the autonomy of the defendant, while preventing her from exploiting the claimant's legally mandated vulnerability to the defendant's decisions to deprive him of rights. The rules distinguish among the different legal capacities of a
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36

ASSELIN, THUILLIEZ CORINNE. "Le droit de substitution au canada." Lille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL2P050.

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37

Chabran, Isabelle. "La Négociation de substitution dans l'entreprise." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010311.

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38

Guillaume, Bruno. "Un calcul de substitution avec etiquettes." Chambéry, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CHAMS017.

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Le lambda-calcul est un formalisme simple et abstrait qui joue un role crucial dans l'etude des langages de programmation fonctionnelle et dans les assistants a la demonstration. L'operation de base du lambda-calcul (la beta-reduction) pose de nombreux problemes d'implementation, c'est pourquoi abadi, cardelli, curien et levy ont propose le lambda-sigma-calcul, dans lequel l'operation de beta-reduction est decomposee en operations plus elementaires en introduisant des substitutions explicites. De nombreux autres calculs avec substitutions explicites ont ete proposes. Le principal probleme est
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39

KHOURZOM, RAMI. "Les complexes arenetricarbonylchrome : substitution nucleophile aromatique." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066564.

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Les travaux realises au cours de cette these permettent d'illustrer les proprietes originales des complexes arenetricarbonylchrome. Les anions en alpha d'un groupement sulfonyle agissent sur des halogeno-benchrotrenes selon des substitutions nucleophiles aromatiques ipso, cine, tele-meta et tele-para. L'addition de l'anion secondaire sur les isomeres du fluoro- et chlorotoluenetricarbonylchrome est a la fois regio- et diastereoselective. La fluoration des chloro-benchrotrenes fournit les complexes resultant d'une coupure de la liaison carbone-chlore. Nous avons egalement mis au point l'additio
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40

Couapel, Morgane. "Droit, éthique et médecine de substitution." Amiens, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AMIE0052.

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La médecine de substitution englobe les techniques fondées sur le traitement de l’homme par les éléments et produits du corps humain d’autrui. Cela concerne les greffes d’organes, de tissus et de cellules, l’assistance médicale à la procréation et le clonage. Le droit est nécessaire pour l’encadrer, mais il ne suffit pas à en obtenir une étude complète. Une approche pluridisciplinaire s’impose. La législation adoptée, révisée avec cinq années de retard, contribue à garantir le respect des principes de justice, de sécurité et de qualité dans l’utilisation du corps humain. Cette approche juridiq
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41

Chudoba, Lubomír. "Generic Substitution: From Threat To Opportunity." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142296.

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The objective of this thesis is to identify factors, which are influencing pharmacists` choice of a particular drug in a situation when generic substitution can be offered to a patient, and to analyse the relative importance of these factors for the pharmacists. This study investigates such behavioural patterns of pharmacists operating within chain of pharmacies called Alphega. The research consists of 2 consecutive parts; Firstly, qualitative inquiry through depth-in interviews has been carried out in order to identify variables, which may shape pharmacist's choice. And subsequently, quantita
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42

Rae, Robert Lammie. "Substitution effects in intramolecular furan cycloadditions." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2829.

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The intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of furan (IMDAF) provides a high degree of structural complexity in one step. However, reaction reversibility issues and the lower reactivity of furan in comparison to non-aromatic dienes prevent more widespread use of furan as a diene component in such reactions. Initial efforts to develop a new mode of organocatalysis which we hoped would facilitate IMDAF reaction was unfortunately unsuccessful, thus alternative means of IMDAF facilitation were investigated. For the first time, a comprehensive synthetic and computational study of the effect of halogen
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43

Logvinovich, Dmitry. "Anionic substitution in perovskite-type oxides." kostenfrei, 2008. http://d-nb.info/993937535/34.

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44

Fermor, Hazel Louise. "Engineering of natural cartilage substitution biomaterials." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6328/.

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Cartilage lesions cause pain and a loss of joint motion, and if not repaired will further degenerate into an osteoarthritic state. Currently the only treatment options for end stage osteoarthritis are total joint replacements, which are not preferable for younger or more active patients. Early intervention therapies to repair initial cartilage damage and stem the progression of osteoarthritis are thought to be a more favourable treatment option in appropriate cases. It is hypothesised that an acellular xenogeneic osteochondral scaffold could be used in mosaicplasty-like operations to provide a
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45

Cruz, Daniel Alejandro. "Hierarchical Self-Assembly and Substitution Rules." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7770.

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A set of elementary building blocks undergoes self-assembly if local interactions govern how this set forms intricate structures. Self-assembly has been widely observed in nature, ranging from the field of crystallography to the study of viruses and multicellular organisms. A natural question is whether a model of self-assembly can capture the hierarchical growth seen in nature or in other fields of mathematics. In this work, we consider hierarchical growth in substitution rules; informally, a substitution rule describes the iterated process by which the polygons of a given set are individuall
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46

Droz, Johan. "La substitution dans le contrat de mandat /." Genève : Schulthess, 2008. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00243562.pdf.

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47

Zeitler, Berndt. "A comparative study of source substitution methods." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974828165.

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48

Frondel, Manuel. "Empirical and theoretical contributions to substitution issues." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962716057.

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49

Xie, Jianing. "Advancing Pd-catalyzed Stereoselective Allylic Substitution Reactions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670221.

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Aquesta tesi doctoral se centra principalment en el desenvolupament de nous mètodes catalítics (dòmino) basats en la substitució al·lílica catalitzada per Pd per a la síntesi estereoselectiva de petites molècules funcionals i heterocicles utilitzant un disseny detallat de lligants i substrats. Aquesta tesi està organitzada en cinc capítols: el primer capítol és una introducció general sobre els aspectes bàsics de la química al·lílica. El segon capítol il·lustra el primer mètode general per a la preparació d'èters arílics al·lílics terciaris enantioenriquits mitjançant una eterificación regio-
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50

Baskurt, Ozge. "Financial Dollarization And Currency Substitution In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606172/index.pdf.

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This study aims to investigate currency substitution and financial dollarization in Turkey. The extend of dollarization in Turkey appears to be very high according to both the conventional currency substitution and the recently developed financial dollarization measures. This has serious policy implications as a source of financial fragility through currency/maturity mismatches and balance sheet effects. The empirical part of this study contained an investigation of the long run relationships between the variables in a system containing currency substitution ratio, expected exchange rate cha
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