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1
Hodges, L. Hart. "The value of cooperation : an analysis of dynamic fishery games ( based on a case study of the Eastern Bering Sea pollock fishery /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7441.
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Maroon, Kenneth J. "Genetic algorithms in the Battlespace Terrain Reasoning and Awareness-Battle Command (Btra-Bc) battle engine." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FMaroon.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation (MOVES))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Blais, Curtis ; Appleget, Jeff. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on 5 November 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Genetic algorithms, military decision making process, mission planning, course of action, wargaming, battle simulation. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98). Also available in print.
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Iacono, F. "Opening the sea gates of Europe : interaction in the Southern Adriatic Sea during the Late Bronze Age." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1414546/.
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This research analyses the modes and outcomes of economic and social interaction, adopting a theoretical framework that merges elements of Marxism and social network thinking. The focus is on the Bronze Age societies constituting the interface between the Eastern Mediterranean and Europe, the area around the Southern Adriatic Sea in the period from the establishment of the first regular contacts with the Aegean world, up to the end of the 2nd millennium BC. The primary medium through which the examination is carried out is pottery from a number of key sites in the region, which is analysed through a variety of methodologies, including contextual and stylistic comparison as well as formal network analyses. The study is organized as a diachronic enquiry in which evidence from a large number of contexts (examined in relation to both consumption and production) is deployed to discuss the development of three nested scales through which interaction took place. The first of these scales is the individual community, with the main case study provided by the long lived site of Roca in Apulia, which has yielded the largest amount of Aegean type material retrieved to date west of Greece. This material is largely unpublished and is comprehensively analysed for the first time. The second scale considers the region of Apulia on the western side of the Adriatic, which was the focus of intense interaction with the Aegean world during the second half of the 2nd millennium BC. The final scale encompasses much of the Mediterranean and assesses the long term and large scale implications of the phenomena observed at the site and region levels. The results of this study highlight the critical role played by southern Adriatic societies in establishing and maintaining interaction with other areas of the Mediterranean, and stresses at the same time the important social implications of such linkages.
4
Her, Shyang-Kuen. "Improved I/O pad positions assignment algorithm for sea-of-gates placement." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4316.
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A new heuristic method to improve the I/O pad assignment for the sea-of-gates placement algorithm "PROUD" is proposed. In PROUD, the preplaced I/O pads are used as the boundary conditions in solving sparse linear equations to obtain the optimal module placement. Due to the total wire length determined by the module positions is the strong function of the preplaced I/O pad positions, the optimization of the I/O pad circular order and their assignment to the physical locations on the chip are attempted in the thesis. The proposed I/O pad assignment program is used as a predecessor of PROUD. The results have revealed excellent improvement.
5
Kuo, Chung-Yen. "Determination and characterization of 20th century global sea level rise." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133349892.
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Schreck, Florian. "Mixtures of ultracold gases : Fermi sea and Bose-Einstein condensate of lithium isotopes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001340.
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Cette thèse décrit l'étude des gaz de fermions $^6$Li et de bosons$^7$Li dans le régime quantique à très basse température. Le
refroidissement est obtenu par évaporation du $^7$Li dans un piège
magnétique très confinant. Puisque le refroidissement évaporatif
d'un gaz de fermion polarisé est quasiment impossible, le $^6$Li
est refroidi sympathiquement par contact thermique avec le $^7$Li.
Dans une première série d'expériences, les propriétés des gaz
quantiques dans les états hyperfins les plus élevés, piégés
magnétiquement, sont étudiées. Un gaz de $10^5$ fermions a une
température de 0.25(5) fois la température de Fermi ($T_F$) est
obtenu. L'instabilité du condensat pour plus de 300 atomes
condensés, à cause des interactions attractives, limite la
dégénérescence que l'on peut atteindre. Pour s'affranchir de cette
limite, une autre série d'expérience est menée dans les états
hyperfins bas, piégeable magnétiquement, où les interactions entre
bosons sont faiblement répulsives. Les collisions
inter-isotopiques permettent alors la thermalisation du mélange.
Le mélange d'un condensat de Bose-Einstein (CBE) de $^7$Li et d'un
mer de Fermi de $^6$Li est produit. Le condensat est quasi
unidimensionnel et la fraction thermique peut être négligeable. La
dégénérescence atteinte correspond à $T/T_C=T/T_F=0.2(1)$. La
température est mesurée à partir de la fraction thermique des
bosons qui disparaît aux plus basses températures, et limite notre
précision de mesure. Dans une troisième série d'expérience, les
bosons sont transférés dans un piège optique, et placé dans l'état
interne $|F=1,m_F=1\rangle$, l'état fondamental pour les bosons.
Une résonance de Feshbach est repérée puis exploitée pour former
un condensai où les interactions sont ajustables. Quand les
interactions effectives entre les atomes sont attractives, on
observe la formation d'un soliton brillant de matière. La
propagation de ce soliton sans dispersion sur une distance de
$1.1\,$mm est observée.
7
Lima, Manoel Eusebio de. "A force-directed placement algorithm with simultaneous global routing for sea-of-gates." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335072.
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Vielstädte, Lisa [Verfasser]. "Anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases from the seafloor into the North Sea / Lisa Vielstädte." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1111558620/34.
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9
Marsh, Christopher D. "Counter piracy a repeated game with asymmetric information." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FMarsh.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Lin, Kyle Y. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on 5 November 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Piracy, game theory, Bayesian update. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-38). Also available in print.
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Reber, Ethan A., and Benjamin J. Bernard. "The Sea of Simulation : Improving Naval Shiphandling Training and Readiness through Game-Based Learning." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6860.
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Approved for public release, distribution unlimitedCurrently, a gap exists between seminar-style shiphandling training and higher fidelity simulations available to the U.S. Navy Surface Warfare Officer (SWO). There is currently no individually accessible, low cost, intermediate level, interactive modality shiphandling resource that would allow SWOs to practice shiphandling skills without requiring instructor oversight. A student research team from the Naval Postgraduate Schools MOVES Institute exposed newly commissioned SWO students at the Surface Warfare Officers School to basic task scenarios designed to be complementary to material covered in their introductory course of instruction utilizing VSTEPs Ship Simulator Extremes game. The students completed the treatment task trainer protocol utilizing a Coast Guard High Endurance Cutter model and continued with the standard introductory course curriculum where they utilized the fully immersive Conning Officer Virtual Environment (COVE) shiphandling trainer. Students were later evaluated in COVE on their ability to maneuver a Guided Missile Destroyer, a similarly configured but larger ship, underway from a San Diego pier. The students exposed to the game-based scenarios performed at a statistically significantly higher level in the categories of Standard Commands and Margins of Safety Maintainedtwo key indicators of shiphandling proficiencyfollowing their normal course of instruction, than the control group. Also of note, the novice level students encountered difficulty in unlearning the handling characteristics of one model and learning a new one through the course of their instruction. Our findings suggest that an individually accessible, game based, shiphandling task trainer with ship models matching those found in the COVE and Full Mission Bridge would benefit newly commissioned SWOs by reinforcing classroom instruction. This trainer could potentially be used by SWOs of all skill levels as a self-study tool prior to participation in high level, fully immersive, and manpower intensive, naval shiphandling simulators.
11
Scherer, Scott D. "Game-Theoretic Anti-Submarine Warfare Mission Planner (heuristic-based, fully Excel capable)." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FScherer.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Brown, Gerald G. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 5, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Optimization, Mathematical Programming, Heuristic Algorithms, Network Flows, Anti-Submarine Warfare, Search and Detection, Game Theory. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53). Also available in print.
12
Silva, Paredes Alexis. "Diseño del sistema de control de gestión en Gases Multinacionales Chile S.A." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/147595.
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TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN CONTROL DE GESTIÓNGases Multinacionales Chile S.A. es una filial del Grupo Gases Mundiales, empresa líder en la producción y comercialización de gases del aire para sectores industriales, salud y medio ambiente, entregando un servicio completo avalado por su presencia en más de 75 países y sus más de 100 años de experiencia en el rubro. Las operaciones comerciales se inician a principios de los años ‘90 como filial dependiente de Gases Multinacionales Brasil. A partir del año 2005 comienza a operar como una filial directa del grupo, la cual ya comercializa un catálogo completo de gases capaz de entregar el conjunto de servicios relacionados; logrando con ello, imponer el sello del Grupo basado en una atención personalizada con soluciones innovadoras, con respuestas rápidas y orientadas a las necesidades específicas de cada cliente. Para efectos de la presente tesis se define a la filial en Chile como la Unidad Estratégica de Negocio estudiada; ahora bien, para introducir en su análisis se menciona que el Core de la empresa es la venta de gases, los cuales son producidos y distribuidos en tres formatos principalmente: .‐ Plantas de producción exclusivas que abastecen gases líquidos a través de cañerías. .‐ Gases en formato líquido que se abastecen en tanques acumuladores ubicados en las dependencias de los clientes. .‐ Gases en formato gaseoso que se abastecen a través de cilindros, termos y equipos autónomos de distintas capacidades. La diferencia principal entre los mencionados formatos está asociada al volumen de consumo que son requeridos en las aplicaciones de los clientes; considerando además que cada formato de aplicación conlleva una gama de servicios complementarios que son suministrados adicionalmente a los clientes, entre ellos: .‐ El cobro de arriendo por los envases y equipos en uso (cilindros, termos, tanques). .‐ El cobro por el transporte de los productos.
13
Franklin, Mark P. "A molecular study of the bacterioneuston and its role in the air-sea exchange of trace gases." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/78772/.
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The two-way transfer of gases between oceans and air exerts an important control on the atmospheric inventories of climatically active gases such as CO2, CH4 and N20. Numerous physical variables are important to gas transfer at the sea surface and have complex interactions. Because of this, our current knowledge of the gas exchange process remains somewhat limited. Such a situation is urgently in need of attention if the effects of global change into the 21st century are to be adequately addressed. The major rate-limiting step in sea-air gas exchange is slow molecular transport across the so-called "surface microlayer", a region only tens of microns thick at the sea-air interface formed by chemical and microbiological components. This environment is microbiologically distinct from the underlying water, containing enhanced populations of marine bacteria that have only been identified in recent years following advances in molecular identification. In such a microbiologically rich environment, active bio-cycling of gases such as CO2 and CH4 might reasonably be expected to impact their sea-air transfer rates, but this has never previously been demonstrated. We examined directly the microbiological nature of the sea-surface microlayer for the first time and evaluated its potential for modifying the sea-air flux of CH4, using our expertise in molecular microbiology and air-sea gas exchange. Microlayer (neuston) and subsurface (pelagic) seawater samples (North Sea) were collected and subsequent DNA extracts used to construct clone libraries and for subsequent identification of microbiologically active sites specific to CH4-oxidising microbes. The results showed significant differences in the microbial communities of the neuston and pelagic samples, with Vihrio and Pseudoalteromonas spp. dominating the neuston layer. We subsequently examined the potential role methanotrophic bacteria in the sea-air exchange of CH4 in controlled experiments in a laboratory gas exchange tank in which the CH4 compositions of the air and water phases and the methanotroph content of the water could be selected and modified. Our results showed a small but significant enhancement of sea-air CH4 exchange in the presence of methanotrophic bacteria. This suggests that a previously ignored, small bacterial consumption term should be taken account of in sea- air CH4 exchange and that similar "sinks" may apply for other trace gases at the sea surface. If so, current gas exchange models may include errors that could potentially compromise global trace gas budgeting.
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Rashid, Tariq M. "Integrating distributed interactive simulations with the project Darkstar open-source Massively Multiplayer Online Game (MMOG) middleware." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FRashid.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Modeling Virtual Environments and Simulation (MOVES))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Brutzman, Don ; McGregor, Don. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 5, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Distributed Interactive Simulation, Massively Multiplayer Online Game, Simulation Interoperability. Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-114). Also available in print.
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Shabbeer, Muhammed Tariq. "The production of reduced sulphur gases in marine and intertidal sediments and their exchange with the air and sea." Thesis, University of Essex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332909.
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Naylor, Bruno. "Quantum gases of Chromium : thermodynamics and magnetic properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate and production of a Fermi sea." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD036/document.
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Le manuscrit présente des expériences réalisées avec des gaz quantiques de Chrome, un élément présentant un large spin électronique S=3 et des interactions dipolaires non négligeables. Nous avons produit un nouveau gaz quantique, une mer de Fermi avec l'isotope ⁵³Cr, en optimisant la co-évaporation avec l'isotope bosonique, contenant jusqu’à 1000 atomes a T=TF= 0.66± 0.08. Nous avons obtenu de nouveaux résultats sur la thermodynamique d'un condensat de Bose Einstein (CBE) avec degré de liberté de spin. En refroidissant rapidement un gaz thermique multi-composante, nous observons que la dynamique de condensation est affectée par les collisions d'échange de spin. Nous démontrons aussi un nouveau mécanisme de refroidissement, utilisant le degré de liberté de spin, lorsque le CBE est produit dans le niveau de spin de plus basse énergie. Les interactions dipolaires peuplent thermiquement les états de spin excités à bas champ magnétique, et une purification du CBE est obtenue en retirant sélectivement ces atomes. Enfin nous présentons des expériences de dynamique de spin. Dans une première expérience, cette dynamique est obtenue en utilisant un double puits avec des états de spin opposés. Ceci a permis une première mesure d'une des longueurs de diffusion du ⁵²Cr: ɑo = 13.5 ±¹⁵ ₁₀ aB. Nous présentons également des résultats préliminaires dans un piége harmonique et dans un réseau3D. La dynamique de spin est produite par rotation du spin des atomes. La comparaison avecla théorie nous permet de mettre en évidences l'apparition de corrélations quantiquesThis thesis presents experimental results performed with Quantum gases of Chromium atoms. The specificity of Chromium resides in its large electronic spin S=3 and non negligible dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) between atoms. We produced a new quantum gas, a Fermi sea of the ⁵³Cr isotope. Optimization of the co-evaporation with the ⁵²Cr bosonic isotope leads to 10³ atoms at T=TF= 0.66± 0.08. We obtained new results on thermodynamics of a spinor Bose gas. By "shock cooling" a thermal multi-spin component gas, we find that the dynamics of the BEC is affected by spin changing collisions. We also demonstrate a new cooling mechanism based on the spin degrees of freedom when the Bose Einstein condensate (BEC) is in the lowest energy spin state. Dipolar interactions thermally populate spin excited states at low magnetic field. Purication of the BEC is obtained by selectively removing these thermal atoms. Finally, we present spin dynamics experiments. spin following preparation of atoms in a double well trap in opposite stretch spin states allow to measure the last unknown scattering length of ⁵²Cr: ɑo = 13.5 ±¹⁵ ₁₀ ɑB (with ɑB the Bohr radius). We then present preliminary results performed in a 3D lattice and in the bulk, where spin excitation is performed by a spin rotation. We investigate for different experimental congurations which of a theory with or without quantum correlations ts best our data
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Batlle, Oriol. "International Competitiveness of the wind power industry : The case of Gamesa S.A." Thesis, KTH, Industriell dynamik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34750.
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The modern lifestyle is highly dependent on the electricity consumption, which demand is expected to continue growing worldwide, especially in those developing areas where the whole economy is transforming. Until now, most of this electricity demand had been supplied through the combustion of fossil fuels or nuclear power. But the utilization of these energy sources to power the human activity is unsustainable because of limitless of the resources and the hazardous emissions and wastes that they generate. That is why since few decades ago the wind power became one of the best-positioned renewable energy in terms of costs effectiveness as a viable alternative to the energetic model based on pollutant fossil fuels. This technology was firstly developed and implemented on those countries with a traditional environmental conscientiousness, but as the global warming issue increased new countries were interested to use wind power as a clean and sustainable energy source. The growing wind power demand of developing countries has changed in few years the entire industry, because new local manufacturers have appeared thanks to the government renewable policy, which main objective is to develop a strong domestic wind power industry capable of lead the world transformation to a clean energy model. The thesis defines the most commons renewable energy policies, and focus in the policy used in China with the aim to analyze if it is promoting or damaging the expansion of wind power use because of the priority is protect its own domestic wind power industry from international firms. The conclusions are that those protectionist policies are useful in the early stage of the industry development but the government must know the exact moment in which these subsidies and supporting mechanisms become counterproductive. If those are used during a prolonged period, then companies become dependent on subsidies and don’t act like in free markets where the innovation is the key to gain and maintain sustainable competitive advantage.
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Batlle, Linares Oriol. "International Competitiveness of Wind Power Industry: : the case of GAMESA Corp. S.A." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91325.
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The modern lifestyle is highly dependent on the electricity consumption, which demand is expected to continue growing worldwide, especially in those developing areas where the whole economy is transforming. Until now, most of this electricity demand had been supplied through the combustion of fossil fuels or nuclear power. But the utilization of these energy sources to power the human activity is unsustainable because of limitless of the resources and the hazardous emissions and wastes that they generate. That is why since few decades ago thewind power became one of the best-positioned renewable energy in terms of costs effectiveness as a viable alternative to the energetic model based on pollutant fossil fuels. This technology was firstly developed and implemented on those countries with a traditional environmental conscientiousness, but as the global warming issue increased new countries were interested to use wind power as a clean and sustainable energy source. The growing wind power demand of developing countries has changed in few years the entire industry, because new local manufacturers have appeared thanks to the government renewable policy, which main objective is to develop a strong domestic wind power industry capable of lead the world transformation to a clean energy model. The thesis defines the most commons renewable energy policies, and focus in the policy used in China with the aim to analyze if it is promoting or damaging the expansion of wind power use because of the priority is protect its own domestic wind power industry from international firms. The conclusions are that those protectionist policies are useful in the early stage of the industry development but the government must know the exact moment in which these subsidies and supporting mechanisms become counterproductive. If those are used during a prolonged period, then companies become dependent on subsidies and don’t act like in free markets where the innovation is the key to gain and maintain sustainable competitive advantage.
19
Harley, James Fraser. "From source to sea : spatial and temporal fluxes of the greenhouse gases N2O, CO2 and CH4 in the river Tay catchment." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7527.
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River networks act as a link between components of the terrestrial landscape, such as soils and groundwater, with the atmosphere and oceans, and are now believed to contribute significantly to global budgets of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). The idea of rivers being an inert conduit for carbon and nitrogen to reach the coast has been challenged recently, with considerable processing of carbon and nitrogen occurring in both the water column and bed sediments in the various aquatic components that make up a river network, including lakes, streams, rivers and estuaries. Although understanding of the cycling of carbon and nitrogen has improved markedly in the last 20 years, there is still much uncertainty regarding the production and emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) linked to this processing across river catchments and few studies have quantified GHG fluxes from source to sea. Therefore this study aimed to a) understand the spatial and temporal saturations and fluxes of GHGs from both the freshwater River Tay catchment (Scotland) and the River Tay estuary, and b) understand what controls the production of GHGs within both a freshwater lake and across multiple sites in the freshwater river using laboratory incubations of sediment. Hotspots of in-stream production and emission were evident both in the freshwater catchment and the estuary, with significant temporal and spatial variability in saturation and emission (density) for CH4, CO2 and N2O. CH4 emission densities, across the freshwater river sites, ranged from 1720 to 15500 μg C m-2 d-1 with a freshwater catchment wide mean of 4640 μg C m-2 d-1, and in general decreased from upland to lowland sites along the main river stem, with notable peaks of emission in a lowland tributary and at the outflow of a lowland loch. This corresponds well with the main drivers of spatial variability which include allochthonous inputs from gas rich soil waters and in-situ production in fine grained organic rich sediments. CH4 production was observed to be higher in the lowland tributaries (R. Isla 4500 μg C m-2 d- 1) compared to main-stem river sites both in the lowland river (129 μg C m-2 d-1) and upland river which displayed an uptake of CH4 (-1210 μg C m-2 d-1). The main driver of spatial variability in CH4 production rates was the quality of the sediment, as production was higher in fine grained sediments rich in carbon compared to sand and gravels with a low carbon content. CH4 production also varied seasonally, with temperature and seasonal variation in sediment quality as the predominant driving factors. CO2 emission densities across the freshwater catchment ranged from 517 to 2550 mg C m-2 d-1 with a catchment mean flux density of 1500 mg C m-2 d-1. Flux densities on the whole increased along the main river stem from upland sites to lowland sites, with higher fluxes in lowland tributaries. Seasonally, CO2 flux density was highest in late summer and autumn and lowest in winter at most sites, highlighting the importance in seasonal environmental controls such as temperature, light, and substrate availability. Production rates in the sediment increased from upland to lowland sites with highest production rates evident in the lowland tributaries, and in autumn sediment samples. N2O emission density also showed considerable spatial and seasonal variation across the catchment with flux densities ranging from 176 to 1850 μg N m-2 d-1 with a mean flux of 780 μg N m-2 d-1. Mean fluxes were highest in the lowland tributaries and lowest in the upland river with sediment experiments finding similar spatial variation in N2O production. On the whole, in-stream N2O production and emission across the freshwater catchment was driven by increases in nutrient concentration (NO3 -, NH4 +) which in turn was related to the proportion of agricultural landuse. The saturation and emission of GHGs also varied substantially both spatially and temporally in the River Tay estuary, with a mean emission density of 2790 μg CH4-C m-2 d-1, 990 mg CO2-C m-2 d-1 and 162 μg N2O-N m-2 d-1. The spatial variability of GHG concentrations and emission densities in the estuary were predominantly controlled by the balance between lateral inputs (from tidal flushing of surrounding intertidal areas), in-situ microbial production/consumption (both in the water column and bed sediments) and physical mixing/loss processes. Although emission densities of CH4, CO2 and N2O appear low compared to the freshwater river, this is because the estuary is emitting large quantities of gas in the middle and outer estuary, for example net annual emission of N2O increased from 84.7 kg N2O-N yr-1 in the upper freshwater section of the estuary to 888 kg N2O-N yr-1 in the middle estuary section, then decreased to 309 kg N2O-N yr-1 in the saltwater lower estuary. Overall, this study has shown that both dissolved and aerial fluxes of GHGs vary markedly both spatially and temporal from source to sea in a temperate river catchment, with hotspots of in-stream production and emission across the river catchment. The catchment (river, lake and estuary) was a smaller source of CO2, CH4 and N2O emission (total emission and by area) compared to other highly polluted aquatic systems both in the UK and globally.
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Zhou, Jiayun. "The physical and biological controls on the distribution of gases and solutes in sea ice from ice growth to ice decay." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209219.
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The ongoing changes in the extent and the properties of sea ice, associated with the warming climate, are affecting the polar ecosystem and the interactions between the atmosphere, sea ice and the underlying waters. How sea ice biogeochemistry will change in the foreseeable future is currently uncertain, but is a crucial problem to tackle.To better understand how sea ice biogeochemistry could change, we investigated the factors regulating the distribution of some dissolved compounds (e.g. nutrients, dissolved organic matter (DOM)) and gaseous compounds (e.g. Ar, O2, N2, CH4) in sea ice, from ice growth to ice decay. The results were obtained from a 19-day indoor experiment in Hamburg (Germany) and a five-month-long field survey in Barrow (Alaska). They were then compared to the physical properties of the ice (temperature, salinity, and other derived parameters such as brine volume fraction) and different biological parameters (bacterial activity, bacterial abundance, chlorophyll-a and phaeopigments).
Our work indicates that the physical properties of sea ice exert a strong influence on the distribution of the biogeochemical compounds in the ice, through their impact on brine dynamics, gas bubble formation and ice permeability. We have described 4 stages of brine dynamics, which affect the distribution of the dissolved compounds (e.g. silicate and DOM) in sea ice. However, inert gas (Ar) shows a different dynamic in comparison to the dissolved compounds, indicating a different transport pathway. We suggest that the formation of gas bubbles in sea ice is responsible for that different transport pathway, because gas bubbles should move upward owing to their buoyancy in comparison to brine, while dissolved compounds are drained downward due to gravity. Our observations further indicate that the critical permeability threshold for the upward gas bubble transport should range between 7.5 and 10 % of brine volume fraction, which is higher than the 5 % suggested for the downward brine transport. Increasing ice permeability and prolonged gas exchange tend to draw gas concentrations toward their solubility values, except when the under-ice water is supersaturated relative to the atmosphere (e.g. CH4) or when in-situ production occurs in sea ice (e.g. O2).
Because ammonium and O2 obviously accumulate in the ice layers where convection is limited, we suggest that the changes of these biogeochemical compounds in sea ice depend on the competing effect between the physical transport and the biological activity; the biological impact on these biogeochemical compounds in sea ice is obvious when the biological production rate exceeds largely the physical transport rate. We further discussed on the potential of using Ar and N2 as inert tracers to correct the physical controls on O2 and to determine the net community production in sea ice.
In addition to the physical and biological controls, the chemical properties of some biogeochemical compounds (e.g. nitrate, ammonium, DOM) may further influence their distribution in sea ice; further investigations are however needed to confirm this.
Finally, based on our findings, we present an update of the processes regulating the distribution of gases in sea ice, with references to recent observations supporting each of the process. We also provide some insights on how sea ice biogeochemistry could change in the future and the research priorities for an accurate quantification of these changes.
Les changements dans l’extension et les propriétés de la glace de la mer, liés au réchauffement climatique, affectent l’écosystème polaire, ainsi que les interactions entre l’atmosphère, la glace de mer et l’eau sous-jacente. Cependant, des incertitudes subsistent quant aux changements potentiels qui affecteront la biogéochimie de la glace de mer dans un futur proche.
Afin de mieux comprendre les changements potentiels qui affecteront la biogéochimie de la glace de mer, nous avons étudié les facteurs qui influencent la distribution de certains composés dissouts (e.g. nutriments, matière organique dissoute (DOM)) et gazeux (e.g. Ar, O2, N2, CH4) au sein de la glace de mer, depuis la croissance de la glace, jusqu’à sa fonte. Les résultats ont été obtenus à partir d’une expérience de 19 jours dans un bassin expérimental à Hambourg (Allemagne) et une étude de terrain de 5 mois à Barrow (Alaska). Ils ont été ensuite comparés aux propriétés physiques de la glace (température, salinité et autres paramètres dérivés) et à des paramètres biologiques (activité bactérienne, abondance bactérienne, chlorophylle-a et phaeopigments).
Nos travaux ont montré que les propriétés physiques de la glace exercent une forte influence sur la répartition des composes biogéochimiques dans la glace de mer, à travers leur impact sur la dynamique des saumures, la formation de bulles de gaz et la perméabilité de la glace. Nous avons décrit 4 stades dans la dynamique des saumures qui influencent la distribution des composés dissouts (e.g. silice et DOM) dans la glace. Cependant, le gaz inerte étudié (Ar) montre une dynamique différente de celle des composés dissouts, indiquant un mécanisme de transport différent. Nous suggérons que la formation de bulles de gaz dans la glace de mer est le mécanisme responsable de cette différence, parce que les bulles de gaz devraient migrer vers le haut, à cause de leur différence de densité par rapport aux saumures, alors que les saumures sont drainées vers le bas à cause de la gravité. Nos observations montrent également que le seuil critique de perméabilité pour l’ascension des bulles de gaz devrait se trouver entre 7.5 et 10 % de volume relatif en saumure ;seuil qui est plus élevé que les 5 % suggérés pour le transport de saumure vers le bas. L’augmentation de la perméabilité de la glace et les échanges de gaz prolongés tendent à amener les concentrations de gaz vers leur valeur de solubilité, sauf lorsque l’eau sous-jacente présente une sursaturation parrapport à l’atmosphère (e.g. CH4), ou lorsque une production in-situ se produit au sein de la glace (e.g. O2).
Etant donné que l’ammonium et O2 s’accumulent clairement dans les couches de glace où la convection est limitée, nous suggérons que les variations de ces composés biogéochimiques dans la glace dépendent de la balance entre le transport physique et l’activité biologique ;l’impact de cette dernière sur les composés biogéochimiques est particulièrement visible lorsque le taux de production biologique du composé excède largement la vitesse d’élimination du composé par le transport physique. Nous avons ensuite discuté du potentiel d’utiliser Ar et N2 comme traceurs inertes pour corriger l’impact des processus physiques sur les variations de O2, afin de déterminer la production communautaire nette dans la glace de mer.
Les propriétés chimiques de certains composés biogéochimiques (e.g. nitrate, ammonium, DOM) pourraient également influencer leur répartition au sein de la glace de mer, en plus des processus physiques et biologiques. Cependant, il est nécessaire d’avoir plus d’études à ce sujet pour confirmer cela.
Enfin, sur base de nos résultats, nous présentons une mise à jour des processus qui régulent la répartition des gaz dans la glace de mer, avec des références à des observations récentes qui illustrent chacun des processus. Nous donnons également un aperçu des changements qui pourraient affecter la biogéochimie de la glace de mer à l’avenir, et des pistes de recherches pour une quantification précise de ces changements.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Kleinjohann, Keila Christina. "Texturização de aço baixo carbono SAE 1004 via plasma DC." Florianópolis, SC, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/95540.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de MateriaisMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-26T03:11:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 294800.pdf: 18136348 bytes, checksum: 69f44778567e563dcb5b116652627ba7 (MD5)
Neste trabalho, amostras de aço baixo carbono SAE 1004 foram submetidas ao tratamento termoquímico de nitretação via plasma DC, visando obter uma texturização superficial e estruturação da microestrutura. Foram realizados estudos em diferentes condições para tratamento superficial de nitretação variando-se a mistura gasosa N2-H2 e empregando duas máscaras diferentes para promover a texturização superficial: grids de cobre e grids de níquel. Três concentrações de nitrogênio na mistura gasosa N2-H2 (baixa concentração, 5% de N2; concentração clássica de nitretação, 75% de N2; e alta concentração 95% de N2) foram empregadas. Com a escolha dessas variáveis no processo de nitretação foi possível definir a melhor condição de nitretação para a texturização. A caracterização superficial e microestrutural das camadas nitretadas foram realizadas por microscopia ótica (MO) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Medidas da rugosidade evidenciaram a formação de um padrão regular na superfície e testes de microdureza avaliaram o endurecimento das regiões obtidas. Os resultados mostram que é possível promover a texturização superficial utilizando a nitretação via plasma DC com o auxílio de máscara, a qual promove a formação da camada de compostos somente em regiões onde a superfície não está protegida. Esta texturização mostrou-se mais eficiente quando utilizados os grids de cobre e estes bem aderidos, nas regiões periféricas. Medidas de rugosidade mostraram que a estruturação da camada de compostos promove uma expansão perpendicular à superfície, viabilizando assim a texturização. Testes de microdureza superficial, juntamente com a análise microestrutural da camada nitretada corroboraram a estruturação. A camada de compostos apresentou uma descontinuidade, com regiões onde não ocorreu a formação, ou a camada de compostos apresentou-se muito fina
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Dávila, Márquez Martha Marcela, García Patricia Milagros Leguía, Valencia Brenda Milagros Loza, and Hacha Javier Arturo Montoya. "Incidencia de la gestión social de gases del caribe para la reducción de conflictos sociales: Caso: Reputación 360° Gases del Caribe S.A. E.S.P." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/620792.
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Plantea la tarea de revisar un modelo de gestión, que soportado en una comunicación estratégica, pueda aportar soluciones a este tipo de organizaciones que afrontan el escenario.
Gases del Caribe, una empresa de gas natural domiciliario de la ciudad de Barranquilla, se presentó como claro caso de éxito que decidimos estudiar con la finalidad de identificar sus fortalezas y analizar la factibilidad de aplicar su modelo en las organizaciones peruanas.
La gestión de la Responsabilidad Social de Gases del Caribe se caracteriza por la concepción que tienen en sí misma, la cual es llevada como un modelo de gestión integral, y no como la realización de donaciones o realización de programas sociales poco sostenibles.
Este enfoque nos ha permitido entender y aclarar que la Responsabilidad Social es un lineamiento ético y de compromiso de la organización con todos sus stakeholders; siendo evidenciado desde el primer instante durante la investigación de campo.
Está claro que la empresa tiene un modelo sólido de gestión de Responsabilidad Social, ¿pero es valorado por la opinión pública? Ser la empresa con la mejor reputación de Barranquilla desde el año 2008 lo confirma, según el estudio Barranquilla Cómo Vamos de la firma Napoleón Franco – Ipsos Apoyo.
Gracias a la investigación pudimos detectar las fortalezas de la gestión de Gases del Caribe y resaltar 4 aspectos generales que podrían ser denominados como las claves del éxito, las cuales hemos planteado como obligatorias si se desea replicar el modelo en Perú.
Es aquí, donde el grupo del trabajo se dio cuenta que para emplear este paradigma de gestión basado en la Responsabilidad Social es necesario contar con profesionales idóneos para su instauración. Ya que, por su propia naturaleza integral, es necesario una figura que pueda ver a la organización desde un director de comunicaciones, Dircom, es quien gracias a su formación y conocimientos es el estratega que estrechará relaciones con todos los stakeholders y se anticipará a las reacciones de los mensajes y acciones propuestos por la organización.
De esta manera se maximizará resultados, pero sobretodo se logrará lo que urge tanto en nuestra industria extractiva, la generación de confianza promovida por empresas comprometidas e impulsadas por profesionales indicados que cierren brechas y permitan al país seguir creciendo de manera sostenida y responsable.
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Lindell, Tomas, and Wennergren Nils. "Is What You See What You Get? : A Study of the Elements that Influence and Distort a Player’s Perception of the Behavior of Digital Opponents." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för speldesign, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295541.
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As a bachelor’s degree project, the study examines elements that may affect or distort players’ perception of opponents’ behavior in games. More specifically in stationary character driven games such as Texas Hold ‘em Poker. Elements that were chosen as a focus in the study were visual character design and participants previous experiences, such as knowledge of games in general and familiarity with Texas Hold ‘em Poker. A game prototype was designed as a tool to use when examining the subject. In the game prototype, players were seated at a Texas Hold ‘em Poker table and faced two opponents. One opponent was designed to be visually aggressive and the other visually defensive. Participants of the study were asked to answer a questionnaire and the resulting answers were analyzed in an attempt to find relevant information in regards to the subject of this project. The results of the study suggest that the elements chosen do affect players’ perception of opponents’ behavior.Som ett kandidatexamensarbete undersöktes vilka element som kan påverka eller förvränga spelares uppfattning om motståndares beteende i spel. Mer specifikt i stationära karaktärsdrivna spel så som Texas Hold ‘em Poker. Element som utvaldes för undersökningen utgjordes av visuell karaktärsdesign och medverkandes tidigare erfarenheter, så som kunskap om spel i allmänhet och kännedom om Texas Hold ‘em Poker. En spelprototyp skapades som ett verktyg för att undersöka ämnet. I spelprototypen sattes spelare vid ett Texas Hold ‘em Poker-bord och mötte två motståndare. En motståndare var utformad att vara visuellt aggressiv och den andra visuellt defensiv. Medverkande i studien blev tillfrågade via ett frågeformulär och de resulterande svaren analyserades i ett försök att hitta relevant information gällande ämnet. Studiens resultat antyder att elementen som valdes verkligen påverkar spelares uppfattning om motståndares beteende i spel.
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Scheer, Clemens. "Biosphere-atmosphere-exchange of C and N trace gases and microbial N turnover processes in irrigated agricultural systems of the Aral Sea Basin, Uzbekistan." Bonn ZEF, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1000122115/34.
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Maani, Leila. "Encouraging the acquistion of drawing skills in game design : a case study." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2014. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/962/.
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Undergraduate, Interactive Games Design (IGD) courses offered by technical universities in the UK recruit students who are not required to have art or design backgrounds. However, they need to be able to represent their creative ideas. Observations at the University of Gloucestershire have shown that many students find difficulties in expressing their ideas in a visual manner as they do not have adequate drawing skills and eventually some focus on coding and some withdraw. This thesis investigates the links between game design and drawing skills, examining concepts of creativity, learning, design communication and education. To establish the basis of this problem, it was necessary to gain an insight into students‘ and tutors‘ viewpoints and interpretation of this course. Using an interpretive philosophical framework, a mixed method approach was chosen to allow for greater opportunity to understand the phenomenon. Within an action research paradigm, the research was carried out in an evolutionary manner. The extent of the problem was established by eliciting tutors‘ insight from other institutions both arts and technical based. A case study was set out to study two cohorts of students. This identified the problems reported by students and the impact of these on students‘ attitude and motivation. The nature and necessity of drawing skills for sketching storyboards were explored by gaining views of students, tutors and industry professionals. The effect of the tutor-led Art interventions at UoG was investigated. The research identified criteria to assess the quality of storyboard communications and finally a framework for an e-learning object to develop storyboard communication skills was specified. This study revealed that obtaining visual skills is fundamental in order to be able to draw or use rapid prototyping techniques for storyboarding. This needs to be addressed in a specified module or several sessions. It appeared that the design of an art intervention (tutor-based or e-learning object) for IGD students, needs to address the issues of confidence and teamwork alongside with the learning materials in a constructive and gamified style and as interactive as possible in a structured goal-based manner. It would also benefit from Active learning teaching style.
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Ylitalo, Frida. "Development of digital sales processes with help of the See-Think-Do-Care model." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185555.
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Digital commerce is a natural part of our everyday life. To fast and easily be able to make purchases from our home without stress has become a matter of course for us. But the new way to make purchases places new demands on the sales, not least at the important customer meeting. The interaction between customer and seller disappears completely and known marketing methods must be adapted to the new conditions. How does the customer journey change when the step from discovering a product to buying it is just a few clicks away? The study aims to investigate and develop a digital sales process for a mobile game aimed for children. The process is based on the marketing framework See-Think-Do-Care and tries to answer questions like which components are needed in a sales flow? How can a product be adapted to different types of users and can UX design be used to get interested customers to buy the product? The method is divided into two different sections. One section for evaluating the chosen marketing framework and another for the development of the sales process. The development of the sales process was made stepwise by prototypes in different degrees of fidelity. The first part of the result ended up in the implementation of the marketing framework, a developed customer journey, and a compilation of ten guidelines to adhere to for increasing the conversion of new customers. The sales flow was then developed step by step from only showing the routing to be a clickable solution similar to the intended end product. The di↵erent prototypes were evaluated by user testing and it was shown that the largest problem was not to make users understand the sales flow, it was to make them understand the actual product. The hope is that the result of the study will be able to be tested in production and be used in the real sales of the product.
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Kaudse, Tillmann [Verfasser], and Werner [Akademischer Betreuer] Aeschbach-Hertig. "Noble gases in groundwater of the Azraq Oasis, Jordan, and along the central Dead Sea Transform - Two case studies / Tillmann Kaudse ; Betreuer: Werner Aeschbach-Hertig." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/117781157X/34.
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Westwood, Julian. "'Far other worlds and other seas' : game, lies and alienation in the fantastic voyage, 1516-1726." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250485.
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Stanley, Rachel H. R. "A determination of air-sea gas exchange and upper ocean biological production from five noble gasses and tritiugenic helium-3." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42282.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Chemical Oceanography (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 215-225).
The five noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon) are biologically and chemically inert, making them ideal oceanographic tracers. Additionally, the noble gases have a wide range of solubilities and molecular diffusivities, and thus respond differently to physical forcing. Tritium, an isotope of hydrogen, is useful in tandem with its daughter helium-3 as a tracer for water mass ages. In this thesis, a fourteen month time-series of the five noble gases, helium-3 and tritium was measured at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site. The time-series of five noble gases was used to develop a parameterization of air-sea gas exchange for oligotrophic waters and wind speeds between 0 and 13 m s-1 that explicitly includes bubble processes and that constrains diffusive gas exchange to ± 6% and complete and partial air injection processes to ± 15%. Additionally, the parameterization is based on weeks to seasonal time scales, matching the time scales of many relevant biogeochemical cycles. The time-series of helium isotopes, tritium, argon, and oxygen was used to constrain upper ocean biological production. Specifically, the helium flux gauge technique was used to estimate new production, apparent oxygen utilization rates were used to quantify export production, and euphotic zone seasonal cycles of oxygen and argon were used to determine net community production. The concurrent use of these three methods allows examination of the relationship between the types of production and begins to address a number of apparent inconsistencies in the elemental budgets of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen.
by Rachel H.R. Stanley.
Ph.D.
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Chagas, Ericka Voss. "Análise da concentração de gases traço (NO NO2 O3) e da fotólise de NO2 na região amazônica na época seca." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2007. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/857.
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With the objective of understanding the relationship between NO2 photolysis
and solar global radiation in the Amazon region, and studying the concentration of the
gases NO, NO2 and O3, the data collected from July 02 to 28th, 2001, as part of the
campaign from the experiment LBA/CLAIRE-2001 (Large Scale Biosphere-
Atmosphere / Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment - 2001) were analyzed.
The photolytic reactions have a critical role controlling the abundance of many
atmospherical pollutants, decomposing trace gases (that affect the terrestrial radiation
balance) and contributing for their removal from the atmosphere. A significant
increase of the NO concentration in the beginning of the morning was observed,
whereas the NO2 concentration proved to be higher at night. The O3 concentration
increases with the sunrise, with its peak at approximately 14h. The curve of NO2
photolysis (J(NO2)) showed similarity to the Rg curve, with the influence of
cloudiness. When the NO2 photolysis begins, an inversion of the magnitude of the NO
and NO2 with O3 concentration occurs. The NO2 concentration of varied greatly when
analyzing the differences between the clear, partially cloudy and cloudy days.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
Com o objetivo de entender as relações entre fotólise de NO2 e radiação solar global na região amazônica, e estudar a concentração dos gases NO, NO2 e O3, analisouse os dados coletados durante o período de 02 a 28 de julho de 2001, como parte da campanha do experimento LBA/CLAIRE-2001 (Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere / Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment - 2001). As reações fotolíticas têm um papel crítico no controle da abundância de muitos poluentes atmosféricos, decompondo gases-traço (que afetam o balanço de radiação terrestre) e contribuindo para sua remoção da atmosfera. Observou-se um aumento significativo da concentração de NO no início da manhã, enquanto a de NO2 apresentou-se mais elevada durante a noite. A concentração de O3 aumenta a partir do nascer do sol, diminuindo a partir de aproximadamente, 14h. A curva de J(NO2) apresentou-se semelhante à Rg, com influência da nebulosidade. Quando a fotólise de NO2 se inicia, ocorre uma inversão da grandeza das concentrações do NO e NO2 com a do O3. A concentração de NO2 variou bastante quando analisadas as diferenças entre os dias claro, parcialmente nublado e nublado.
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Figueira, Danúbia Nogueira. "Estratégias de retirada da monensina na dieta de bovinos em terminação como modulador do consumo de matéria seca /." Jaboticabal, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181917.
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Orientador: Flávio Dutra de ResendeBanca: Danilo Domingues Millen
Banca: Laura Franco Prados
Banca: Ivanna Moraes de Oliveira
Banca: Ricardo Andrade Reis
Resumo: O objetivo no trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e as características de carcaça e carne de bovinos Nelore em confinamento, com utilização de monensina sódica como modulador de consumo de matéria seca. Foram utilizados 250 bovinos da raça Nelore, com peso médio de 363 kg. Os animais foram alojados em 35 baias coletivas equipadas com seis metros lineares de cocho de alimentação de concreto e bebedouros de 1500L de água. Os animais foram blocados através do peso, assim ficou disposto de forma que cada baia alojava 7 animais, sendo que o último bloco (5 baias finais) estava alojado 8 animais. De cada baia foi sorteado dois animais no início do experimento, afim de classificar os animais que seria feito coletas de sangue e coleta de dados no abate comercial, totalizando 70 animais para tais coletas. O experimentou foi de 148/156 dias no total, dividido em período de adaptação e terminação. Foram utilizadas três dietas, como os mesmos ingredientes, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, milho grão, polpa cítrica, farelo de algodão e núcleo mineral, mas com relação a proporção de volumoso:concentrado diferente, sendo que a adaptação era 22:78; transição 17:83 e terminação 12:88 O fornecimento era feito pela manhã e durante a tarde, sendo dois fornecimentos de 50% cada um. Em todas as dietas era acrescido no núcleo mineral 25 mg/kg MS de virginiamicina e de acordo com os tratamentos era adicionado monensina sódica na dose de 20 mg/kg MS. Foram avaliados cinco tratamentos: VM - Uso de virginiamici... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim was evaluation the performance and the characteristics of the carcass of Nelore beef in feedlot, with the use of sodium monensin as a modulator of dry matter intake. A total of 250 Nellore cattle were used, with a mean weight of 363 kg. The animals were housed in 35 collective pens equipped with six linear meters of concrete feeding trough and water troughs of 1500L. The animals were blocked by weight, so they were arranged so that each pen 7 animals, and the last block (5 final pens) housed 8 animals. From each pen, 2 animals were randomly selected at the beginning of the experiment, in order to separate the animals that carried out blood collection and data collection in slaughterhouse, totaling 70 animals for such collections. The experiment was 148/156 days in total, in the period of adaptation and termination. The types of diet, such as the ingredients themselves, sugar cane bagasse, corn grain, citrus pulp, cottonseed meal and mineral, but with regard to a proportion of bulky: a different, being a 22:78 adaptation; transition 17:83 and termination 12:88 The supply was made in the morning and during the afternoon, two supplies of 50% each. In all diets, 25 mg/kg MS of virginiamycin was added to the mineral core and according to treatments sodium monensin was added at a dose of 20 mg/kg DM. Five treatments were applied: VM - Use of virginiamycin throughout the experimental period, without addition of sodium monesin in the diet (Control); 34d - Use sodium monesin f... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Estremote, Marcelo [UNESP]. "Produção e emissão de gases de efeito estufa de bovinos alimentados com teores de concentrado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136431.
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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-28T18:02:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 estremote_m_me_ilha.pdf: 713571 bytes, checksum: 989b8a9aa5d1883cd03b7d3899c15d6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-12
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a influência de teores de concentrado na emissão de metano e de dióxido de carbono, no desempenho e digestibilidade de bovinos Guzerá terminados em confinamento. Foram utilizados trinta e seis bovinos da raça Guzerá, com peso médio de 464 kg e idade de 30 meses e alojados em baias individuais de 10m2 . O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos 30, 50 e 70% de concentrado na dieta e 12 repetições por tratamento para o desempenho e digestibilidade. Para obtenção dos dados referentes à produção de metano, pH e a degradação ruminal, o delineamento foi em blocos casualizados com 3 períodos de incubação totalizando 21 repetições por ingrediente. O ganho de peso diário foi de 0,99 kg, 1,33kg e 1,22kg respectivamente, para dieta com 30, 50 e 70%, evidenciando que houve diferença (P<0,01) entre os tratamentos. O consumo de matéria seca foi menor à medida que aumentou o nível de concentrado com médias de 11,04, 10,75 e 7,67 kg/dia respectivamente para dietas com 30, 50 e 70%. A melhor conversão alimentar foi observada no tratamento de 70% de concentrado (6,73%), a qual também apresentou melhor digestibilidade entre os tratamentos. A produção de metano na dieta com 50% de concentrado apresentou as maiores médias. Na produção de gases em 12 e 24 horas foram observados que níveis maiores de concentrado apresentaram maior nível de dióxido de carbono em relação ao metano. Sendo assim as dietas com 50 e 70% de concentrado apresentaram melhor desempenho; a dieta com 70% de concentrado apresentou menor produção de metano, maior digestibilidade, menor conversão alimentar e ganho de peso em relação as dietas dos demais tratamentos.
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Cembrano, Lasserre Stefano. "Propuestas de Rediseño Orientadas a Reducir Pérdidas en la Producción y Comercialización de Gases Industriales y Medicinales de Air Liquide Chile S.A." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2009. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/102226.
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Alari, Fernando de Oliveira [UNESP]. "Fluxo de gases de efeito estufa na implantação de sistema silvipastoril em pastejo com ovinos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134325.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A emissão de gases de efeito estufa pela atividade agropecuária tem provocado um aumento gradativo da temperatura terrestre, em vista disso o conhecimento de sistemas que mitigam esses gases se mostra de vital importância. O objetivou dessa pesquisa foi avaliar o fluxo dos gases CO2, N2O e CH4, em pastos de capim-massai (Panicum maximum cv Massai) com lotação intermitente de ovinos, em sistema silvipastoril. O experimento foi conduzido no setor de forragicultura, FCAV, UNESP Jaboticabal, SP, no período de outubro de 2012 a outubro de 2014. O trabalho avaliou diferentes sistemas de manejo de ovinos em pastos de capim massai, com ou sem a presença de eucaliptos, que resultaram em quatro tratamentos: silvipatoril com eucaliptos em espaçamento 6,0 × 1,5 m com pastejo e adubação do capim massai (E1); silvipatoril com eucaliptos em espaçamento 12,0 × 1,5 m com pastejo e adubação do capim massai (E2); sistema sem eucalipto com pastejo e adubação do capim massai (SE) e um quarto sistema sem eucalipto, sem pastejo e sem adubação do capim massai (SEPA). Foram utilizados ovinos de 25 kg de peso médio, manejados sobre lotação intermitente. Como critério de entrada para os animais foi utilizado o critério de 95% de interceptação luminosa. O critério de saída foi de 15 cm de altura da planta forrageira, preconizando três dias de ocupação. Foram avaliadas a altura, massa seca de forragem (MT), componentes morfológicos da forragem (massa seca de folha (MF), massa seca de colmo (MC) e massa seca de material morto (MM)) e composição química do capim-massai (%FDA, %FDN, %lignina %proteina). Essas avaliações foram realizadas segundo um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com seis repetições, em esquema de medidas repetidas no tempo. Foram também avaliadas as estimativas de consumo de forragem, produção de CH4 ruminal, produção de CH4, N2O e CO2 no solo, sendo utilizado nessas avaliações um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, também em esquema de parcelas subdividida no tempo. Para a produção de CH4 ruminal e a consumo foram utilizados cinco animais por tratamento, na avaliações de fluxo de CH4, N2O e CO2 no solo, foram utilizadas câmaras fechadas sendo também cinco repetições por tratamento. Somente para a variável fluxo de N2O encontrou-se diferença significativa entre os tratamentos (P<0,05), sendo que o tratamento SEPA apresentou favores menores nos três primeiros ciclos e valores iguais aos outros tratamentos no quarto ciclo de pastejo. Contudo, somente os fatores climáticos afetaram as variáveis estudadas. O fluxo de CH4 no primeiro ano, MC no pré pastejo e FDA no segundo ano e MM no pré pastejo nos dois anos experimentais, apresentaram comportamento linear (P<0,05) ao longo dos ciclos de pastejo. O fluxo de N2O no primeiro ano, lignina e proteína no segundo e, MF no pré pastejo nos dois anos experimentais, apresentaram comportamento quadrático (P<0,05). Já para FDA, lignina e proteína no primeiro ano, MT no pré pastejo, MF no pós pastejo e FDN no segundo ano e, altura e MM no pós pastejo nos dois anos experimentais, apresentaram efeito cubico (P<0,05). No período chuvoso apresentou maiores valores de emissão de CO2, quando comparados ao período seco (P>0,05), apresentando uma queda de 44,46% de 2,33 µmol m².s-1. Contudo podemos concluir que a introdução de árvores não modificou a emissão de CO2, N2O e CH4 e, somente os fatores climáticos modificaram seus fluxos.
The emission of greenhouse gases by agriculture and livestock has caused a gradual increase in temperature, In view of that the knowledge systems to mitigate these gases proves vital. The objective of this research was to evaluate the flow of CO2, N2O and CH4 in massai grass pastures (Panicum maximum cv Massai) with intermittent stocking with sheep in silvopastoral system. The experiment was conducted at Forage Crops sector, FCAV, UNESP Jaboticabal, SP, in the period from October 2012 to October 2014. The research evaluated different sheep management systems in massai grass pastures, with or without the presence of eucalyptus, which resulted in four treatments: silvipatoril with eucalyptus in spacing 6.0 × 1.5 m with grazing and fertilizing the massai grass (E1); silvipatoril with eucalyptus in spacing 12.0 × 1.5 m with grazing and fertilizing the massai grass(E2); without eucalyptus system with grazing and fertilizing the massai grass (WE) and a fourth system without eucalyptus, without grazing and fertilizing the massai grass (WEPF). It were used sheep 25 kg average weight, managed on intermittent stocking.The entry of animals in paddocks occurred with light interception (LI) of 95%. The animals were removed when the plants achieved 20 cm height, after three days of grazing. They evaluated the height, dry matter forage (DM), morphological components of forage (dry matter leaf (DL), dry matter of stem (DS) and dry matter of dead material (DD)) and chemical composition of massaigrass (ADF% NDF,% lignin% and protein%). These evaluations were carried out according to a randomized block design with six replications, in repeated measurements scheme in time. Were also assessed the estimated forage intake, rumen CH4 production, production of CH4, N2O and CO2 in the soil and is used in these assessments a completely randomized design, also in installments scheme subdivided in time. For ruminal CH4 production and consumption five animals were used per treatment in reviews CH4 flow, N2O, and CO2 in the soil, closed chambers also being used five replicates per treatment. Only the variable N2O flux found a significant difference between treatments (P<0.05), while the WEPF treatment showed smaller favors in the first three cycles and values different from other treatments in the fourth pasture cycle. The CH4 flow in the first year, DS pre grazing and ADF in the second year and DD in pre grazing in the two experimental years, showed a linear behavior (P<0.05) over the grazing cycles. The N2O flow in the first year, lignin and protein in the second and DL pre grazing in the two experimental years, presented quadratic behavior (P<0.05). Already for ADF, lignin and protein in the first year, DM pre grazing DF post grazing and NDF in the second year, and height and DD post grazing in the two experimental years, had cubic effect (P <0.05). The rainy season has higher CO2 emission levels when compared to the dry season (P>0.05), showing a decrease of 44.46% from 2.33 ol m².s-1. However we can conclude that the introduction of trees did not modify the emission of CO2, N2O and CH4, and only climatic factors changed its flows.
FAPESP: 2012/14910-6
FAPESP: 2014/22021-2
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Verbeke, Véronique. "Concentrations en gaz dans la glace de mer: développements techniques et implications environnementales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210942.
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La glace de mer couvre jusqu’à 6% de la surface de notre planète. Autour du continent Antarctique, sa superficie varie entre 3.8 et 19 millions de km² (en février et septembre respectivement). Cette superficie présente des variations interannuelles. En parallèle, une évolution de la superficie de la glace de mer a également pour origine le réchauffement climatique global, très médiatisé à l’heure actuelle. Dans ce contexte, et étant donné le rôle que joue la banquise au sein de l’Océan Austral, des études de l’évolution de la glace de mer sont devenues fondamentales. Ce travail a pour objectif d’étudier les relations complexes qui existent entre les processus chimiques, physiques et biologiques qui se déroulent au sein de la glace de mer. La détermination des propriétés physiques et de la composition chimique des glaces de mer correspond en effet à un pré-requis indispensable à l’étude des cycles géochimiques qui existent dans la banquise.
Différentes glaces de mer, naturelles ou artificielles, ont été analysées. Pour ce faire, les caractéristiques spécifiques à ce type de glace font que des méthodes d’analyse de la composition en gaz particulières ont été nécessaires.
Nous avons ainsi pu montrer que le contenu et la composition en gaz des différentes glaces analysées dépendent de facteurs physico-chimiques et de facteurs biologiques. L’impact des facteurs physico-chimiques se marque lors de l’incorporation initiale des impuretés dans la glace de mer et via une diffusion "post-génétique" tant que la glace est plus chaude que –5°C. En outre, les organismes photosynthétiques sont à l’origine d’une production d’oxygène et d’une consommation de dioxyde de carbone. La composition en gaz résultante peut donc être sensiblement différente de la composition atmosphérique ou de celle des gaz dissous dans l’eau de mer sous-jacente, en été comme en hiver. Il s’agit par conséquent de sérieusement envisager l’impact potentiel de la glace de mer et des microorganismes qu’elle contient, lors du réchauffement et de la débâcle, sur les échanges entre atmosphère et océan comme sur leurs compositions respectives.
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation géographie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Germon, Amandine Esther Louise. "Consequência do corte raso e da pluviometria sobre a produção de raízes finas, CO2, N2O e CH4 até o lençol freático em povoamentos de Eucalyptus grandis conduzidos em talhadia /." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183206.
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Orientador: Jean-Paul LaclauCoorientador: Iraê Amaral Guerrini
Banca: Christophe Jourdan
Banca: José Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves
Banca: Ciro Antonio Rosolem
Banca: Jean-Christophe Domec
Resumo: Melhorar nossa compreensão sobre a dinâmica espaço-temporal de raízes finas e dos gases de efeito estufa em camadas profundas do solo é um componente chave para identificar práticas silviculturais mais sustentáveis para florestas plantadas num contexto de mudança climática e para melhorar os atuais modelos biogeoquímicos. Nosso estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do corte raso e da seca na produção de raízes finas, nos efluxos de CO2, CH4 e N2O do solo e da produção ao longo dos perfis profundos do solo até o lençol freático nas plantações de eucalipto manejadas em talhadia. A raízes finas foram amostradas até 17 m de profundidade num experimento de exclusão de chuva comparando parcelas com 37% de precipitação excluída (-W) e sem exclusão de chuva (+ W). A dinâmica das raízes foi estudada usando minirhizotron em duas trincheiras permanentes até 17 m de profundidade nos tratamentos -W e + W, durante 1 ano antes do corte raso e 2 anos depois do corte em talhadia, e tambem até 4 m de profundidade numa parcela sem corte (NH), servindo como controle. Os efluxos de CO2, CH4 e N2O na superfície do solo foram medidos ao longo de três anos utilizando o método de câmara manual nos tratamentos -W, + W e NH. As concentrações de CO2, CH4 e N2O no solo foram medidas a partir das trincheiras até uma profundidade de 15.5 m nos tratamentos -W, + W e NH durante 3 meses antes do corte raso e 1.5 ano depois em talhadia. Após o corte, ocorreu um grande crescimento radicular das árvores con... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Tree growth is highly dependent on the absorptive function of fine roots for water and nutrients. Fine roots also play a major role in the global carbon (C) cycle, mainly through production, respiration, exudation and decomposition processes. Improving our understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of fine roots and greenhouse gases in deep soil layers is a key component to identify more sustainable silvicultural practices for planted forests in a context of climate change and to improve the current biogeochemical models. Our study aimed to assess the effect of clear-cutting and drought on fine-root production, soil CO2, CH4 and N2O effluxes and production throughout deep soil profiles down to the water table in Brazilian coppice-managed Eucalyptus plantations. Fine roots (i.e. diameter < 2 mm) were sampled down to a depth of 17 m in a throughfall exclusion experiment comparing stands with 37% of throughfall excluded by plastic sheets (-W) and stands without rain exclusion (+W). Root dynamics were studied using minirhizotron in two permanent pits down to a depth of 17 m in treatments -W and +W, over 1 year before clear-cutting, then over 2 years in coppice, as well as down to a depth of 4 m in a non-harvested plot (NH) serving as a control. CO2, CH4 and N2O surface effluxes were measured over three years using the closed-chamber method in treatments -W, +W and NH. CO2, CH4 and N2O concentrations in the soil were measured from the pits down to a depth of 15.5 m in treatments -W, +W and NH over 3 months before the clear-cut and 1.5 years after in coppice. After harvesting, spectacular fine root growth of trees conducted in coppice occurred in very deep soil layers (> 13 m) and, surprisingly, root mortality remained extremely low whatever the depth and the treatment. Total fine-root biomass in coppice down to a depth of 17 m was 1266 and 1017 g m-2 in treatments +W and -W, respectively, at 1.5 years a ...
Resume: Améliorer notre compréhension de la dynamique spatio-temporelle des racines fines et des gaz à effet de serre dans les couches profondes du sol est un élément clé pour identifier des pratiques sylvicoles plus durables pour les forêts plantées dans un contexte de changement climatique et pour améliorer les modèles biogéochimiques actuels. Cette étude visait à évaluer l'effet de la coupe des arbres et de la sécheresse sur la production de racines fines et la production de CO2, N2O et CH4 dans des profils de sol très profonds en plantation d'Eucalyptus conduite en taillis au Brésil. Les racines fines, d'un diamètre inférieur à 2 millimètres, ont été échantillonnées jusqu'à une profondeur de 17 m sur un dispositif d'exclusion de pluie comparant des peuplements soumis à une exclusion de 37% des pluies (-W) et des peuplements sans exclusion (+ W). La dynamique des racines a été étudiée à l'aide de minirhizotrons installés dans deux fosses permanentes d'une profondeur de 17 m dans les traitement -W et + W, pendant un an avant la coupe des arbres, puis pendant deux ans en taillis, et jusqu'à 4 m de profondeur dans un peuplement non récolté (NH) servant de témoin. Les efflux de CO2, CH4 et N2O à la surface du sol ont été mesurés durant trois ans dans les traitements -W, + W et NH. Les concentrations en CO2, CH4 et N2O dans le sol ont été mesurées à partir de fosses permanentes jusqu'à une profondeur de 15.5 m dans les traitements -W, + W et NH durant 3 mois avant la coupe des arbres et 1.5 ans après la coupe, en taillis. La croissance des racines fines était considérable à grande profondeur (> 13 m) chez les arbres menés en taillis et, étonnamment, la mortalité des racines fines était extrêmement faible quelle que soit la profondeur et le traitement. La biomasse totale de racines fines jusqu'à 17 m de profondeur était de 1266 et 1017 g ...
Doutor
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Bleicher, Sonny S., Joel S. Brown, Keren Embar, and Burt P. Kotler. "Novel predator recognition by Allenby's gerbil (Gerbillus andersoni allenbyi ): do gerbils learn to respond to a snake that can “see” in the dark?" TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622826.
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Unlike desert rodents from North America, Allenby’s gerbil (Gerbillus andersoni allenbyi) from the Negev Desert, Israel has evolved with snakes that do not have heat-sensitive sensory pits that enhance night vision. Does this history affect their ability to assess and respond to a snake that has this ability? As a test, we exposed gerbils to risk of predation from various predators, including snakes, owls, and foxes. The snakes included the Saharan horned viper (Cerastes cerastes) and the sidewinder rattlesnake (Crotalus cerastes). The former snake lacks sensory pits and shares a common evolutionary history with the gerbil. The latter snake, while convergent evolutionarily on the horned viper, has sensory pits and no prior history with the gerbil. The gerbils exploited depletable resource patches similarly, regardless of snake species and moon phase. While the gerbils did not respond to the novel snake as a greater threat than their familiar horned viper, the gerbils were cognizant that the novel predator was a threat. In response to both snakes, giving-up densities (GUDs; the amount of food left in a resource patch following exploitation) of the gerbils were higher in the bush than open microhabitat. In response to moonlight, GUDs were higher on full than on the new moon. Based on GUDs, the gerbils responded most to the risk of predation from the red fox, least from the two snake species, and intermediate for the barn owl.
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Scheer, Clemens [Verfasser]. "Biosphere-atmosphere-exchange of C and N trace gases and microbial N turnover processes in irrigated agricultural systems of the Aral Sea Basin, Uzbekistan / von Clemens Scheer. [ZEF, Zentrum für Entwicklungsforschung, Bonn]." Bonn : ZEF, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1000122115/34.
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Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine. "Echanges de matiere organique a l'interface air-mer." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066212.
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Etude realisee dans le bassin occidental de le mediterranee fortement soumis aux apports d'origine naturelle ou anthropique du fait de la proximite des sources d'emission. Choix d'une approche par marqueurs lipidiques. Analyse des hydrocarbures et acides gras qui fournissent des informations concernant des phenomenes se deroulant a des echelles differentes. Les flux relatifs aux differents mecanismes ont ete calcules et discutes
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Zbacnik, Elizabeth A. "The Sensitivity of the Amundsen - Bellingshausen Seas Low to Changes in Greenhouse Gas Concentrations and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1339704028.
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Penas, Joana Sofia Luís. "Jogos Cooperativos como estratégia de inclusão: avaliação das atitudes dos professores de Educação." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/3610.
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Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação: Educação Especial, área de especialização em Domínio Emocional e da PersonalidadeO presente estudo tem como principal objetivo avaliar as atitudes dos professores de Educação Física face à utilização dos Jogos Cooperativos como estratégia de inclusão de alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE). Deste modo, verificaram-se as atitudes dos professores de Educação Física face à inclusão de alunos com NEE, face aos Jogos Cooperativos como estratégia de inclusão e recolheram-se, ainda, as opiniões dos docentes sobre a utilização dos Jogos Cooperativos como estratégia de inclusão. A Educação Física, ao conceder a participação dos alunos com NEE em atividades físicas adequadas às suas capacidades, proporciona a estas crianças a sua valorização e integração. Os Jogos Cooperativos nestas aulas são um auxiliar precioso no acompanhamento de crianças com NEE. Na tentativa de promover a interação social entre crianças com NEE e crianças com desenvolvimento normal, vários autores conceberam programas que utilizam a atividade lúdica como contexto de aprendizagem das habilidades sociais. Como tal, o professor desempenha um papel fundamental na educação do aluno com NEE, uma vez que deve ser responsável por estimular e fazer desencadear no mesmo competências essenciais e imprescindíveis para o seu futuro como adulto. O trabalho é constituído por três partes: na primeira parte encontra-se o enquadramento teórico, dividido por três capítulos; na segunda parte, o estudo empírico, distribuído por um capítulo; e, por último, os resultados, repartidos em três capítulos. A investigação baseou-se numa amostra de cento e quinze docentes, do segundo e terceiro ciclos do ensino básico, sessenta docentes da Zonas Oeste (Concelhos de Alcobaça e Caldas da Rainha) e cinquenta e cinco docentes da Zona da Lezíria e Médio Tejo (Concelhos de Rio Maior e Santarém). Em termos de metodologia, foi selecionado como instrumento de pesquisa, um inquérito por questionário com questões fechadas e uma aberta, dirigido aos professores de Educação Física. O problema de estudo formulou-se da seguinte forma: Será que os professores de Educação Física têm atitudes favoráveis face à utilização dos Jogos Cooperativos como estratégia de inclusão? Os resultados mostram que nas duas zonas (Oeste e Lezíria e Médio Tejo), os professores revelam atitudes favoráveis face à inclusão de alunos com NEE nas suas aulas e face à utilização dos Jogos Cooperativos como estratégia de inclusão nas aulas de Educação Física. Registando-se pequenas diferenças perante as atitudes dos professores, para as duas zonas, entre o género feminino e masculino, a idade, o tempo de serviço, a formação em Educação Especial, a experiência com alunos com NEE e na variável, os Jogos Cooperativos como promotores de inclusão. Como se pode constatar na discussão dos resultados e nas conclusão. The present study aims to evaluate the attitudes of physical education teachers face the use of Cooperative Games as a strategy of including pupils with Special Educational Needs (SEN). Thus, there were the attitudes of physical education teachers face the inclusion of pupils with SEN, compared to Cooperative Games and inclusion strategy and collected, yet the views of teachers on the use of Cooperative Games as inclusion strategy. Physical Education, to grant the participation of pupils with SEN in physical activities appropriate to their abilities, gives these children their recovery and integration. The cooperative games in these classes are a valuable aid in the monitoring of children with SEN. In an attempt to promote social interaction among children with SEN and children with normal development, several authors have designed programs that use atual playing as a context for learning social skills. As such, the teacher plays a key role in the education of students with SEN as it should be responsible for stimulating trigger and make the same core competencies and essential to its future as an adult. The work consists of three parts: the first part is the theoretical framework, divided into three chapters, in the second part, an empirical study, distributed by a chapter, and, finally, results, divided into three chapters. The research was based on a sample of one hundred and fifteen teachers, the second and third cycles of basic education, sixty teachers from Western Areas (Counties Alcobaca and Caldas da Rainha) and fifty-five teachers from East Zone Wetland and Tejo (Counties Santarém and Rio Maior). In terms of methodology, was selected as a research tool, a questionnaire with closed questions and one open, aimed at teachers of Physical Education. The study problem is formulated as follows: Does the physical education teachers have favorable attitudes compared to the use of Cooperative Games as a strategy of inclusion? The results show that the two areas (West and marshland and Middle Tejo), teachers showed positive attitudes towards the inclusion of pupils with SEN in their classes and against the use of cooperative games as a strategy for inclusion in physical education classes. Registering small differences before the teachers' attitudes to the two zones between female and male gender, age, length of service, training in special education, experience with students with SEN and variable cooperative games as promoters for inclusion. As can be seen in the discussion of results and conclusion. La présente étude vise à évaluer les attitudes des enseignants d'éducation physique face à l'utilisation des jeux coopératifs comme une stratégie d'intégration d'élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers (BEP). Ainsi, il y avait les attitudes des enseignants d'éducation physique face à l'intégration des élèves ayant des besoins particuliers, par rapport à Jeux coopératifs et la stratégie d'inclusion et recueillie, mais les points de vue des enseignants sur l'utilisation des jeux coopératifs comme stratégie d'inclusion. L'éducation physique, d'accorder la participation des élèves à BEP en activités physiques adaptées à leurs capacités, donne à ces enfants leur rétablissement et leur intégration. Les jeux coopératifs dans ces classes sont une aide précieuse dans le suivi des enfants ayant des besoins particuliers. Dans une tentative pour promouvoir l'interaction sociale parmi les enfants ayant des besoins particuliers et les enfants ayant un développement normal, plusieurs auteurs ont conçu des programmes qui utilisent de jeu réel en tant que contexte d'apprentissage des compétences sociales. En tant que tel, l'enseignant joue un rôle clé dans l'éducation des élèves ayant des besoins éducatifs comme il devrait être responsable de la stimulation de déclenchement et de faire les mêmes compétences de base et essentiels pour son avenir en tant qu'adulte. Le travail se compose de trois parties: la première partie est le cadre théorique, divisé en trois chapitres, dans la deuxième partie, une étude empirique, distribué par un chapitre, et, enfin, les résultats, divisée en trois chapitres. La recherche a été basée sur un échantillon de 115 enseignants, les deuxième et troisième cycles de l'enseignement fondamental, soixante enseignants de Western Areas (Comtés Alcobaça et de Caldas da Rainha) et 55 enseignants à partir des zones humides Zone Est et du Tage (Comtés Santarém et Rio Maior). En termes de méthodologie, a été choisi comme outil de recherche, un questionnaire avec des questions fermées et une ouverte, destiné aux enseignants d'éducation physique. Le problème est l'étude formulé comme suit: Est–ce les professeurs d'éducation physique ont des attitudes favorables par rapport à l'utilisation des jeux coopératifs comme une stratégie d'inclusion? Les résultats montrent que les deux zones (l'Ouest et du marais et du Moyen–Tejo), les enseignants ont montré une attitude positive envers l'inclusion des élèves ayant des besoins éducatifs particuliers dans leurs classes et contre l'utilisation des jeux coopératifs comme une stratégie pour l'inclusion dans les classes d'éducation physique. Enregistrement de petites différences avant que les attitudes des enseignants aux deux zones entre les sexes masculin et féminin, l'âge, la durée du service, la formation dans l'enseignement spécial, l'expérience avec les élèves ayant des besoins particuliers et variables des jeux coopératifs comme promoteurs pour l'inclusion. Comme on peut le voir dans la discussion des résultats et conclusion.
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Parra, Cláudia. "Imaginary irishness: the feminine in dramatisations of the Paster Rising in Sean O'Casey's the plough and the stars and Tom Murphy's The Patriot Game /." São José do Rio Preto, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136336.
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Orientador: Peter James HarrisBanca: Laura Patrícia Zuntini de Izarra
Banca: Alvaro Luiz Hattnher
Resumo: Uma vez que a cultura nacional irlandesa tem formado uma concepção imaginária de identidade, isso afeta também a imagem da mulher. O drama irlandês tem contribuído muito para o debate e revisionismo sobre a identidade irlandesa e, no século XX, a Revolta da Páscoa em 1916 foi escolhida como contexto por alguns dramaturgos irlandeses pra promover uma reflexão sobre essa questão. Sean O'Casey e Tom Murphy apresentaram versões da Revolta da Páscoa nos palcos do Abbey que abordaram a identidade da mulher irlandesa em um contexto nacionalista. Uma comparação desses dois textos dramáticos revela que, embora os dramaturgos tenham usado estratégias diferentes, ambos reavaliaram a imagem feminina promovida pelo nacionalismo irlandês
Abstract: Ireland's particular national culture has shaped an imaginary conception of identity which has also affected the image of women. Irish drama has contributed significantly to the debate on and revisionism of Irish identity and, in the twentieth century, the Easter Rising in 1916 was chosen by some Irish playwrights as a background to promote reflection on this question. Sean O'Casey and Tom Murphy presented versions of the Easter Rising on the Abbey stage which approached the identity of Irish women in a nationalistic context. A comparison of these two dramatic texts reveals that, although the playwrights used different strategies, they both reassessed the female image promoted by Irish nationalism
Mestre
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Parra, Cláudia [UNESP]. "Imaginary irishness: the feminine in dramatisations of the Paster Rising in Sean O’Casey’s the plough and the stars and Tom Murphy’s The Patriot Game." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136336.
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Uma vez que a cultura nacional irlandesa tem formado uma concepção imaginária de identidade, isso afeta também a imagem da mulher. O drama irlandês tem contribuído muito para o debate e revisionismo sobre a identidade irlandesa e, no século XX, a Revolta da Páscoa em 1916 foi escolhida como contexto por alguns dramaturgos irlandeses pra promover uma reflexão sobre essa questão. Sean O’Casey e Tom Murphy apresentaram versões da Revolta da Páscoa nos palcos do Abbey que abordaram a identidade da mulher irlandesa em um contexto nacionalista. Uma comparação desses dois textos dramáticos revela que, embora os dramaturgos tenham usado estratégias diferentes, ambos reavaliaram a imagem feminina promovida pelo nacionalismo irlandês.
Ireland’s particular national culture has shaped an imaginary conception of identity which has also affected the image of women. Irish drama has contributed significantly to the debate on and revisionism of Irish identity and, in the twentieth century, the Easter Rising in 1916 was chosen by some Irish playwrights as a background to promote reflection on this question. Sean O’Casey and Tom Murphy presented versions of the Easter Rising on the Abbey stage which approached the identity of Irish women in a nationalistic context. A comparison of these two dramatic texts reveals that, although the playwrights used different strategies, they both reassessed the female image promoted by Irish nationalism.
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Yttermyr, Sütt Disa, and Erika Sundman. "”I´d like to see you in a silk dress so I could tear it off you” : En studie kring representation av genus och sexualitet i serien Game Of Thrones." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113247.
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Abstrakt Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom ett motiverat urval av sex-scener undersöka representationen av sexualitet och genus i serien Game of Thrones. Vidare undersöks hur hierarkin skiljer sig åt mellan man och kvinna och vilken funktion det sexuella innehållet har. Teorierna kring the Male Gaze, Pornchic-tendensen och medierat sex appliceras under rubriken teoretisk ram. Genus och feministisk teori av Yvonne Hirdman och Helena Josefsson behandlas också i uppsatsen. Vi identifierar i vår analys ett antal karaktärer och nio motiverade sex-scener. Specifikt är dessa sex-scener bärande för både handling och syfte. Vi genomför en kvalitativ analys som utgår från narratologin och tre-stegsmodellen av Jostein Gripsrud, Ron Cowdery och Keith Selby. Denna analys lämpar sig för att tydliggöra de olika karaktärernas funktion och värde men också av scenerna i sig och dess explicita, implicita och deskriptiva mening. Resultaten påvisade en generalisering kring kön och sexualitet. Av samtliga scener vi analyserade var kvinnorna alltid underordnade männen. Kvinnorna i Game of Thrones sexualiseras ständigt. De är alltid vackra, objekt, svaga, har låg status och är relativt odugliga. Bryter kvinnorna mot genuskontraktet så väntar ett fördärv bakom hörnet för dem själva eller den man de förhåller sig till. Män porträtteras istället alltid som ”maskulina”. De manliga karaktärerna behöver heller inte följa normen kring skönhetsideal. Männen är subjekt, icke sexualiserade, starka, hårda och dugliga med eller utan en kvinna vid sin sida. Kvinnorna i förhållande till männen symboliserar ofta en statussymbol, där för att verka pausande, samt bevisa lojaliteten eller hjälterollen mannen har. Alternativt är kvinnan en källa till fördärv. Kvinnorna använder sin sexualitet som överlevnadsstrategi och makterövring. Männen har istället sex när helst de vill och som en maktutövning emot kvinnorna i serien. Vissa gränsöverskridningar finns, men grunden till dessa låg alltid i kvinnans identitet och riktningen skedde eller skapades i förhållande till en eller flera män. Sexualiseringens funktion var i enlighet med den klassiska narratologin stämninghöjande, sensationskapande och förskönande. På ett mer analytiskt plan verkade sexualiseringen för att fastställa de redan rådande normerna kring manlig och kvinnlig sexualitet. Sex säljer och vi tycks vara beroende av sex. Hierarkin i samtliga sexscener med penetrationssex var tydlig. Männen hade en högre ställning och utövade fysisk, psykisk och symbolisk makt gentemot kvinnan eller kvinnorna. Representationen av genus och sexualitet var därmed uppdelad i en tydlig dikotomi mellan man och kvinna.
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Cunha, Diogo José Fernandes da. "Sistema de detecção e envio de alarmes." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/5609.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesCom base numa unidade GSM comercial desenvolveu-se uma aplicação destinada à detecção e envio de alarmes relativo a situações potencialmente perigosas ou de risco. Diariamente somos confrontados com notícias do forte aumento do número de idosos, estando estes cada vez mais expostos a diversos riscos e sujeitos à solidão. Dois dos riscos, e talvez os mais comuns nesta faixa etária, são a exposição ao monóxido de carbono (CO) e a fuga de gases inflamáveis fruto de problemas em sistemas de aquecimento ambiente ou de aquecimento de águas sanitárias, entre outros. Para minimizar as consequências dos riscos expostos, o sistema desenvolvido permite detectar a presença de gases no ambiente e mediante isso desencadear processos que permitam o alarme quer local quer por envio de SMS. A solidão é também um factor muito comum hoje em dia, principalmente devido à deslocação para meios urbanos por parte das gerações mais novas. Para atenuar a longa distância e a solidão destes idosos, o sistema permite contactar com um número limitado de telefones (máximo de 4) com um simples pressionar de botão.
Based on a GSM unit, a commercial application was developed for the detection and alarms sent on potentially dangerous situations or risks. Daily we are confronted with news of strong growth in the number of elderly, being these people increasingly exposed to various risks and they are subject to loneliness. Two of the risks, and perhaps most common in this age group is the exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and the escape of flammable gases, result of problems in heating systems or water heating, among others. To minimize de consequences of risk exposure, the developed system can detect the presence of gases in the atmosphere and by these enabling processes that allow triggering the alarm either locally or by sending SMS. Loneliness is also a factor so common these days, mainly due to traveling to urban areas by the younger generations. To reduce the long-distance and loneliness in this elderly people, the system allows contact with a limited number of phones (maximum of 4) with a simple touch of a button.
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Raimund, Stefan. "Sources and fluxes of volatile halogenated organic compounds in highly productive marine areas." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES2022.
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Les Composés Halogénés Organiques Volatils (VHOC) sont des composès qui influencent largement la chimie atmosphérique et qui ont des sources naturelles et anthropiques. La production biogénique, les sources marines et les flux à l’interface air-mer de ces composés sont encore peu connues et ont fait l’objet de cette étude. Un système analytique et de nouveaux systèmes de prélèvement ont été développés. Lors d’un travail au laboratoire, il a été démontré que la communication plante-plante orchestre la formation des VHOC : une algue pré-traitée réagit moins intensément après réception d’un signal oligoguluronate. Ceci pourrait être bénéfique pour l’algue en termes d’efficacité de coûts. Les distributions et les flux air-mer de VHOC ont été étudiés dans deux systèmes marins très productifs : une région d’upwelling dominée par les dïatomées et une région côtière en régime mégatidal enrichie en nutriments et riche en macroalgues. Les principaux résultats ont montré que (1) les zones d’upwelling ne sont pas caractérisées par de fortes teneurs en VHOC, (2) dans les zones influencées par la marée, la marée a des effets significatifs sur la formation des composés iodés et bromés mais n’influence pas la formation des composés chlorés (à l’exception du chloroforme qui montre une légère dépendance dans l’upwelhng ibérique) (3) les composés bromés ont des sources côtières importantes et localisées (4) les composés iodés ont des sources qui ne sont pas strictement liées aux macroalgues (5) que les principales sources de composés chlorés auraient une origine anthropique et (6) la formation des halocarbonés et leurs flux vers l’atmosphère montrent des variations saisonnières marquéesVolatile halogenated organic compounds (VHOCs) constitute a large group of environmental gases that can influence atmospheric chemistry, and have natural and anthropogenlc sources, Marine sources and fluxes, and biogenic production are poorly investigated. During this thesis we designed an analytical system and sampling devices for measurements of halocarbons which showed high performance, both at sea and during laboratory analyses. In a laboratory experiment it could be demonstrated that plant-plant communication orchestrates the formation of VHOCs: “forewarned” algae react less intensely after perception of an oligoguluronates signal. This might be beneficial for the algae in terms of cost efficiency. Two highly productive marine areas were studied for VHOC distribution and air-sea fluxes: a diatom dominated upwelling region and a nutrient enriched coastal region with an important macroalgae cover and a mega-tidal regime. The main findings are (1) upwelling regions are not characterized by high internal VHOC formallon, (2) in tidal-lnfiuenced marine areas tides have significant effects on the formation of iodo- and bromocarbons but no influence on the formation of chlorocarbons (with the exception of chloroform, which showed minor dependence on tides in the Iberian upwelling), (3) bromocarbons have strong and highly localized coastal sources (4) iodocarbons have sources that are not strictly related to macroalgae, (5) main sources of chlorocarbons might have an anthropogenic origin and (6) formation of halocarbons and their fluxes to the atmosphere show a marked seasonality
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Aissaoui, Cherifa. "Les mollusques du Golfe de Gabès (Méditerranée sud-orientale) : néo-endemisme ou variations écophénotypiques ?" Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MNHN0014/document.
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L’originalité du golfe de Gabès (Sud de la Tunisie) a été reconnue par les malacologistes depuis le19ème siècle mais reste mal définie. Les espèces de cette région présentent des caractères morphologiques qui ont conduit à l’établissement de variétés, sous-espèces et espèces faiblement caractérisées. Certains auteurs les traitent comme des taxons endémiques tandis que d'autres les considèrent comme de simples variants locaux d'espèces à large répartition méditerranéenne. Le manque d’information concernant la valeur taxonomique de ces caractères morphologiques ne permet pas de traiter de façon robuste la question de l’endémisme dans le golfe de Gabès. Le premier objectif est de réviser le statut taxonomique des mollusques du golfe de Gabès en s’appuyant sur une approche de taxonomie moléculaire. La confrontation des différents caractères a permis d’identifier ceux qui discriminent correctement les individus en espèces, d’éliminer à l’inverse ceux qui ne remplissent pas cette fonction et d’en redéfinir de nouveaux. Le deuxième objectif est de relier les particularités faunistiques du Golfe à ses caractéristiques océanographiques et de discuter les phénomènes de spéciation qui pourraient être à l’origine de l’endémisme. Nos analyses ont porté sur six genres: Jujubinus (Trochidae), Diodora (Fissurellidae), Ocinebrina, Muricopsis (Muricidae), Aplus (Buccinidae) et Tritia (Nassariidae). L’approche intégrative utilisée a permis de proposer des hypothèses de délimitation d’espèces que nous avons ensuite confrontées aux données morphologiques et géographiques. Au final, l’endémisme est confirmé dans certains cas mais l’hypothèse qu’une partie des espèces décrites du golfe de Gabès ne sont que des variétés éco phénotypiques est également attestée. Notre approche moléculaire a mis aussi en évidence l’existencede nouvelles espèces et d’espèces cryptiques insoupçonnées dans la Méditerranée. Finalement l’hypothèse que le golfe de Gabès est un centre de spéciation est retenue. Plus de données moléculaires (reliées à des données fossiles) d’autres groupes provenant de différentes localités (spécialement du golfe de Syrte) apparaissent toutefois nécessairesThe present Mediterranean marine fauna is the result of a history going back to the Messinian Salinity Crisis, with current biogeographical patterns mostly reflecting Quaternary to modern oceanographic conditions. The Gulf of Gabès, in southern Tunisia, is remarkable for its extreme ecological characteristics that distinguish it from "ambiant" Mediterranean conditions. Starting with the work of malacologists at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, the molluscs of the Gulf of Gabès have been recognized as exhibiting morphological characters that set them apart from more typical forms that occur in the rest of the Mediterranean. At present, 6% of the species of the overall Gulf of Gabès mollusc fauna are treated as valid local endemics. Using an integrative taxonomy approach, combining molecular and morphological data, the objective of the study is to re-evaluate the status of these Gulf of Gabès local forms: are they valid, endemic species or do they represent ecophenotypic variation? Given the young geological age (6-8 ka) of the Gulf, where would local endemics have originated? The gastropod genera Jujubinus (Trochidae), Diodora (Fissurellidae), Tritia (Nassariidae) Ocinebrina (Muricidae), Muricopsis (Muricidae) and Aplus (Buccinidae) all have in common non-planktotrophic larval development. Our integrative approach confirms the validity of some of the endemic taxa, but also infirm that others are not valid species; molecular data also reveal unsuspected cryptic lineages both within and outside the Gulf. Regarding the question of the origin of the endemic species, various hypotheses have been proposed, one of them being that the Gulf of Gabès is a “speciation factory”. To formally test this hypothesis, more molecular data (coupled with fossil record data) are needed from other species groups and from other localities in the Mediterranean (specifically the Gulf of Syrte)
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Oluwole, Samson Abayomi. "Sustainable development challenges of contemporary technologies : Nigeria liquefied-natural-gas project as a case study / S.A. Oluwole." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4120.
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The way people view development is changing. The world now advocates for a development that also considers future generations. There is a paradigm shift towards sustainable development - a development in today's lifestyle without destroying the resources for tomorrow generations. Sustainable development is a broad concept that addresses how human activities impact on the economic, environmental and social well-being of an ecosystem; however, practical application of the sustainability concept is complex because its objective assessment is elusive.
It is often said that the effect of technology on society has never been more profound than today. As mankind develops in science and technology to improve on his well-being, certain impacts are made on the systems that support human existence. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) technology, like gas-to-liquid (GTL) technology, is a latest innovation conceived to 'fight' the problem of gas flaring, and help contribute to the social and economic growth of the people; but it is necessary for man to know if these contemporary technologies are sustainable.
This dissertation critically appraises the impact of the LNG project on the community of Bonny Island in Nigeria from a holistic perspective. The approach to the research work is three-fold: an appropriate sustainability framework is selected based on certain criteria; sustainability indicators are developed from the chosen framework; and the sustainability indicators are used to assess the impact of the project on the flora and fauna of the community.
To have a clear picture of the impact of Nigeria LNG on its host community, Epe-Waterside is chosen as a control community because of its similar socio-geographical outlook to Bonny Island community. The control community is then subjected to the same set of sustainability indicators for a comparative analysis. The outcome of the research work shows that, though the economic and social conditions of Bonny Island seem much better, its environmental status remains a challenge. In other words, it can be concluded that the present approach to the operation of the LNG technology is not sustainable.Thesis (M.Ing. (Development and Management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Soumonni, Ogundiran. "An investigation into the luminescence and structural properties of alkali earth metaniobates." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05052004-142653/unrestricted/soumonni%5Fogundiran%5F200408%5Fmast.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. Directed by Christopher Summers.Wagner, Brent, Committee Member ; Liu, Meilin, Committee Member ; Gerhardt, Rosario, Committee Member ; Summers, Christopher, Committee Chair. Includes bibliographical references.
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Dvořák, Jaroslav. "Audit webových stránek internetových obchodů deskových her." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73513.
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This thesis deals with the audit of the board game e-commerce web sites. Nowa-days there is a great number of websites of varying quality, so it is necessary to choose between them. The development of the Internet shifted the emphasis from quantity to quality. With this fact comes the topic of auditing web sites. The first part of the thesis concerns with the theoretical bases of audit of web sites in various sections. The second part includes the representation of the mar-ket of board games and its target group. Based on the first theoretical part the evaluation criteria are created, which are used for the audit of seven selected web sides of board games. This audit is evaluated in the next chapter, which then leads into the conclusion of the work in the form of recommendations for changes in order to increase the competitiveness of each evaluated e-commerce.