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Journal articles on the topic 'Seal performance in turbines'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Jahn, Ingo HJ. "Design approach for maximising contacting filament seal performance retention." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 5 (2014): 926–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214541433.

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Good sealing is a key requirement for modern efficient turbomachinery such as steam and gas turbines. A class of seals that promise better performance, compared to conventional labyrinth seals, are contacting filament seals such as brush, leaf, or finger seal. When new, these filament seals offer better performance; however, if poorly designed they wear excessively, resulting in leakages higher than a comparable labyrinth seal. This paper outlines a design methodology for selecting ideal contacting filament seal properties for a given operating cycle or set of operating cycles. Following this

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2

Schädler, Rainer, Anestis I. Kalfas, Reza S. Abhari, Gregor Schmid, Tilmann auf dem Kampe, and Sanjay B. Prabhu. "Novel high-pressure turbine purge control features for increased stage efficiency." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 1 (July 21, 2017): 68MK5V. http://dx.doi.org/10.22261/68mk5v.

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AbstractRim seals throttle flow and have shown to impact the aerodynamic performance of gas turbines. The results of an experimental investigation of a rim seal exit geometry variation and its impact on the high-pressure turbine flow field are presented. A one-and-a-half stage, unshrouded and highly loaded axial turbine configuration with 3-dimensionally shaped blades and non-axisymmetric end wall contouring has been tested in an axial turbine facility. The exit of the rotor upstream rim seal was equipped with novel geometrical features which are termed as purge control features (PCFs) and a b

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3

Reggentin, Philip, Jens Friedrichs, Johan Flegler, and Ivan McBean. "INVESTIGATION OF A NOVEL PRESSURE-ACTUATED BRUSH SEAL UNDER HOT STEAM CONDITIONS." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 4 (April 1, 2020): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/jgpps/117858.

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Due to the increasing demand towards flexible operation of conventional power plants also the seals of their turbines have to adapt to varying loads. Based on the basic design of a clamped brush seal, a novel seal with a pressure-actuated backplate is introduced which is capable of combining the advantages of low and high inclined brush seals while avoiding their undesired properties for flexible operation. During preliminary investigations on a test rig operated with compressed air and without rotation, the functionality of the improved design was demonstrated. It is shown that the leakage ma

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4

ENACHE, Marius, Razvan CARLANESCU, Andreea MANGRA, Florin FLOREAN, and Radu KUNCSER. "Investigation of Flow through a Labyrinth Seal." INCAS BULLETIN 13, no. 2 (2021): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2021.13.2.6.

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Growing performance requirements for gas turbines have led to a continuous increase in gas temperature and pressure ratios. Together with the resulting increase in cooling flows, this requires more and more minimization and control of internal gas leaks. To meet future performance goals, the application of a new seal design and an improved understanding of leakage flow characteristics are of particular importance. The air mass flow through a labyrinth seal designed for a low-pressure turbine has been determined both through analytical calculus and CFD modeling. Different radial clearances and

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Ma, Dengqian, Jun Li, Yuanqiao Zhang, Zhigang Li, Xin Yan, and Liming Song. "Application of blade tip shroud brush seal to improve the aerodynamic performance of turbine stage." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 234, no. 6 (2019): 777–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919883153.

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The blade tip shroud brush seal is applied to replace the labyrinth seal for the aerodynamic performance improvement of turbine stage. The leakage flow characteristics of the brush seal are numerically predicted by using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes equations and non-linear Darcian porous medium model. The numerical leakage flow rate of the brush seal is in well agreement with the experimental data. The last and first long teeth of the labyrinth seal were designed to bristle pack named as the postposed and preposed brush seals based on the 1.5 turbine stage. The leakage flow rate and ae

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6

Kluka, J. A., and D. G. Wilson. "Low-Leakage Modular Regenerators for Gas-Turbine Engines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no. 2 (1998): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818130.

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One of the significant problems plaguing regenerator designs is seal leakage resulting in a reduction of thermal efficiency. This paper describes the preliminary design and analysis of a new regenerative heat-exchanger concept, called a modular regenerator, that promises to provide improved seal-leakage performance. The modular regenerator concept consists of a ceramic-honeycomb matrix discretized into rectangular blocks, called modules. Separating the matrix into modules substantially reduces the transverse sealing lengths and substantially increases the longitudinal sealing lengths as compar

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7

Soulas, Thomas, and Luis San Andres. "A Bulk Flow Model for Off-Centered Honeycomb Gas Seals." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 129, no. 1 (2002): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2227031.

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A computational analysis for prediction of the static and dynamic forced performance of gas honeycomb seals at off-centered rotor conditions follows. The bulk-flow analysis, similar to the two-control volume flow model of Kleynhans and Childs (1997, “The Acoustic Influence of Cell Depth on the Rotordynamic Characteristics of Smooth-Rotor/Honeycomb-Stator Annular Gas Seals,” ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 119, pp. 949–957), is brought without loss of generality into a single-control volume model, thus simplifying the computational process. The formulation accommodates the honeycomb effective

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8

Xi, Jinxiang, and David L. Rhode. "Rotordynamics of Turbine Labyrinth Seals with Rotor Axial Shifting." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2006 (2006): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ijrm/2006/93621.

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Rotors in high-performance steam turbines experience a significant axial shifting during starting and stopping processes due to thermal expansion, for example. This axial shifting could significantly alter the flow pattern and the flow-induced rotordynamic forces in labyrinth seals, which in turn, can considerably affect the rotor-seal system performance. This paper investigates the influence of the rotor axial shifting on leakage rate as well as rotordynamic forces in high-low labyrinth seals over a range of seal clearances and inlet swirl velocities. A well-established CFD-perturbation model

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9

Dinc, Saim, Mehmet Demiroglu, Norman Turnquist, et al. "Fundamental Design Issues of Brush Seals for Industrial Applications." Journal of Turbomachinery 124, no. 2 (2002): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1451847.

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Advanced seals have been applied to numerous turbine machines over the last decade to improve the performance and output. Industrial experiences have shown that significant benefits can be attained if the seals are designed and applied properly. On the other hand, penalties can be expected if brush seals are not designed correctly. In recent years, attempts have been made to apply brush seals to more challenging locations with high speed (>400 m/s), high temperature (>650 °C), and discontinuous contact surfaces, such as blade tips in a turbine. Various failure modes of a brush seal can b

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10

Du, Qiuwan, and Di Zhang. "Numerical Investigation on Flow Characteristics and Aerodynamic Performance of a 1.5-Stage SCO2 Axial-Inflow Turbine with Labyrinth Seals." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (2020): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010373.

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The leakage problem of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) axial-inflow turbine brings great challenges to the efficiency and security of the power system. Labyrinth seals are usually utilized to improve the leakage characteristics of the blade tip. In this paper, a 1.5-stage SCO2 axial-inflow turbine is established and labyrinth seals are arranged on the top of the first stage stator and rotor blades. The effects of seal clearance, groove on seal cavity surface and circle groove shape on flow characteristics and aerodynamic performance under different pressure ratio are investigated. Increasi

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11

Gorgun, Erdem, Mahmut Faruk Aksit, and Yahya Dogu. "A Study of Cloth Seal Leakage Performance Based on Geometry and Pressure Load." Energies 13, no. 22 (2020): 5884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13225884.

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Metal cloth seals have been used increasingly in gas turbines due to their flexibility and superior leakage performance. Leakage performance of a metal cloth seal depends on operating conditions, slot and geometric dimensions. These parameters need to be investigated for the best leakage performance. In this study, pressure drop and critical geometric parameters of typical cloth seal form are investigated with an experimental setup. Slot depth, cloth width, sealing gap, shim thickness, surface roughness, pressure drop, offset and mismatch are selected parameters for the screening experiments.

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12

Chupp, R. E., and C. A. Dowler. "Performance Characteristics of Brush Seals for Limited-Life Engines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 2 (1993): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906721.

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Brush seals are potential replacements for air-to-air labyrinth seals in gas turbine engines. An investigation has been conducted to determine the performance characteristics of brush seals for application in limited-life gas turbine engines. An elevated temperature, rotating test rig was designed and built to test labyrinth and brush seals in simulated subsonic and supersonic engine conditions. Results from initial tests for subsonic applications demonstrated that brush seals exhibit appreciably lower leakage compared to labyrinth seals, and thus offer significant engine performance improveme

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13

Hur, Min-Seok, Seong-Won Moon, and Tong-Seop Kim. "A Study on the Leakage Characteristics of a Stepped Labyrinth Seal with a Ribbed Casing." Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133719.

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A new type of stepped seal with a ribbed casing is proposed to efficiently reduce the leakage at the tips of turbine blades. The leakage characteristics of two different types of labyrinth seals (conventional seal vs. ribbed seal) were compared and analyzed through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in a wide operating range of pressure ratios and clearances. The analysis showed that the ribbed seal has superior leakage performance to the conventional seal at all clearance sizes. With the same clearance size (S/H = 1.0), the flow function of the ribbed seal was approximately 21.5–42.6% less th

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14

Mrzljak, Vedran, Jan Kudláček, Đerzija Begić-Hajdarević, and Jelena Musulin. "The Leakage of Steam Mass Flow Rate through the Gland Seals – Influence on Turbine Produced Power." Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science 58, no. 1 (2020): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18048/2020.58.03.

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In this paper is presented an analysis of gland seals operation and their influence on the performance of low power steam turbine with two cylinders and steam reheating, which can be used in marine applications. Performed analysis presents a comparison of steam turbine main operating parameters when gland seals operation is neglected (as usual in the most of the literature) and when steam mass flow rates leaked through all gland seals are taken into consideration. Steam mass flow rate leakage through all gland seals reduces produced power of the whole turbine and both of its cylinders. Operati

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15

Brownell, J. B., J. A. Millward, and R. J. Parker. "Nonintrusive Investigations Into Life-Size Labyrinth Seal Flow Fields." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 111, no. 2 (1989): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240258.

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Investigations into the thermodynamic processes in labyrinth seal flow fields have been carried out using the nonintrusive optical technique of holographic interferometry. Labyrinth seals in the form of two-dimensional actual size models were used. The types of seal geometry tested reflected those in current use in aerogas turbines, their sizes being typically 10 mm × 20 mm in section with sealing constrictions as small as 0.25 mm. The tests provided a great deal of information that had not previously been available and confirmed several experimental and theoretical results that were not fully

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16

Hildebrandt, Manuel, Corina Schwitzke, and Hans-Jörg Bauer. "Contamination of Brush Seals by Oil and Salt and Its Impact on Rubbing and Hysteresis Behaviour." International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 4, no. 4 (2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp4040040.

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The literature already contains some experimental, analytical and numerical investigations on the rubbing and hysteresis behaviour of brush seals. What the investigations have in common is that they were carried out with new and uncontaminated seals, or that such a condition was assumed. The influence of contamination has not been explicitly investigated yet. Particularly in stationary gas and steam turbines, foreign substances can accumulate on and in the bristle package during steady-state operation. In the case of a rubbing event with a contaminated brush seal, e.g., during shutdown of the

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17

LeCren, R. T., R. E. Gildersleeve, and R. A. Swanek. "Combustor and Seal System for a Water Piston Propulsor." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 111, no. 1 (1989): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240206.

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The Water Piston Propulsor (WPP) is an advanced in-water propulsion system for Marine Corps amphibious vehicles. Significant weight and volume reductions are the primary advantages of the WPP system versus the more conventional propulsion technologies used today. WPP thrust is produced by porting high-pressure combustion gases into the water-filled channels of a rotor. Gas expansion results in the expulsion of water from the downstream end of the rotor channel. Solar Turbines Incorporated, a subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc., is currently under contract to the David Taylor Research Center for the

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18

Chupp, R. E., and G. F. Holle. "Generalizing Circular Brush Seal Leakage Through a Randomly Distributed Bristle Bed." Journal of Turbomachinery 118, no. 1 (1996): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836596.

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Brush seals have established a niche in the gas-to-gas sealing against leakage in modern turbine engines. The variable nature of the brush during operation makes leakage prediction difficult. A simple semi-empirical model based on an effective brush thickness parameter has been successfully used to correlate and predict brush seal leakage in engine environments. The model was extended to correlate a range of brush densities using a physically realistic brush thickness. Later, the model was based on mean diametric brush properties for a large range of circular brush seal geometries. However, th

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19

Porreca, L., T. Behr, J. Schlienger, et al. "Fluid Dynamics and Performance of Partially and Fully Shrouded Axial Turbines." Journal of Turbomachinery 127, no. 4 (2004): 668–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2008972.

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A unique comparative experimental and numerical investigation carried out on two test cases with shroud configurations, differing only in the labyrinth seal path, is presented in this paper. The blade geometry and tip clearance are identical in the two test cases. The geometries under investigation are representative of an axial turbine with a full and partial shroud, respectively. Global performance and flow field data were acquired and analyzed. Computational simulations were carried out to complement the investigation and to facilitate the analysis of the steady and unsteady flow measuremen

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20

Ma, Yong, Heng Zhou, Liang Zhang, Shuo Chen, and Yu Chang Zhi. "Three-Column Floating Wind-Current Generator and the Analysis of Performance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.295.

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China is facing two major problems from energy shortage and environmental pollution due to the rapid development of economy. The exploitation of clean and renewable energy brings hope to China. Owning wide seas, China is rich in offshore wind energy and current tidal energy. This paper considers installing turbines on the platform of the generator of floating wind turbines, designing a floating co-generator of wind and tidal current to achieve co-generation of wind turbines and turbines. Firstly, this paper conducts a preliminary design of three-column floating wind-current generator. Then thi

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21

Korakianitis, T., L. Meyer, M. Boruta, and H. E. McCormick. "Introduction and Performance Prediction of a Nutating-Disk Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 2 (2004): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1635394.

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A new type of internal combustion engine and its thermodynamic cycle are introduced. The core of the engine is a nutating nonrotating disk, with the center of its hub mounted in the middle of a Z-shaped shaft. The two ends of the shaft rotate, while the disk nutates. The motion of the disk circumference prescribes a portion of a sphere. A portion of the area of the disk is used for intake and compression, a portion is used to seal against a center casing, and the remaining portion is used for expansion and exhaust. The compressed air is admitted to an external accumulator, and then into an ext

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22

Du, Kaibing, Yongjian Li, Shuangfu Suo, and Yuming Wang. "Semi-Analytical Dynamic Analysis of Noncontacting Finger Seals." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 15, no. 04 (2015): 1450060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455414500606.

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Noncontacting finger seals represent a new noncontacting and compliant seal in gas turbine sealing technology. The compliance and noncontacting nature make this kind of seals fully adaptive to rotor excursions in the radial direction without damaging the seal performance. A new semi-analytical method is developed for characterizing the linearized dynamic performance of noncontacting finger seals. The linearized dynamic characteristics of the gas film are numerically computed using the step jump method and then approximated analytically in the equations of motion using a Prony series. By combin

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23

Valenti, Michael. "Turbines for Peace." Mechanical Engineering 122, no. 08 (2000): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2000-aug-5.

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This article discusses that military-sponsored research tools can improve the machines that drive civil applications. The Defense Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) researchers tested the engine of the legendary DeHavilland Vampire single seat jet fighter in the late 1940s. This Vampire is owned by Fred Ihlenburg, president of Yakity Yaks Inc., an importer of foreign military aircraft, based in Aurora, Oregon. DERA is investigating heat transfer on turbine blades to help gas turbine manufacturers develop a cooling system that will keep blades at an optimum temperature while minimizing losse

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Sun, Tao, Yi Zhang, Zhong Yi Wang, and Hai Ou Sun. "Numerical Study on Flow Characteristics in Stepped Labyrinth Seal." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.582.

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Vapor seal is an indispensable component in steam turbine for economic and safe operation. The flow characteristics in vapor seal have a significant effect on the performance of vapor seal. Considering the flow field characteristics and engineering applications, the following work has been done: First, the models of the labyrinth glands with stepped teeth have been established through Computational Fluid Dynamics software Fluent. The full-flow simulation result is acquired. Second, based on the numerical results, the characteristics of the flow field in stepped labyrinth seal have been studied

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Yan, Jianru, Zhitao Zuo, Wenbin Guo, Hucan Hou, Xin Zhou, and Haisheng Chen. "Influences of wear-ring clearance leakage on performance of a small-scale pump-turbine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 234, no. 4 (2019): 454–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919865052.

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Wear-ring clearance leakage would affect performance of pump-turbine significantly. In this paper, the variation of the leakage and efficiency of flat ring seal and labyrinth seal are numerically studied on one pump-turbine when the width of clearance is 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm. The result shows that the effect of leakage flow cannot be neglected. The pump-turbine performance affected by leakage in turbine mode is more than that in pump mode at the same sealing structure and width of clearance. Each component’s proportion of total pressure loss hardly varies with flow rate at pump mode, which is opp

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26

Shuxian, Cheng, Li Zhigang, and Li Jun. "Effects of endwall profiling near the blade leading edge on the sealing effectiveness of turbine rim seal." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 233, no. 7 (2019): 821–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650919839579.

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Endwall profiling designed to reduce secondary flow loss may change the local pressure distribution which has an impact on the sealing effectiveness of a rim seal. This paper presents a numerical comparison of the sealing effectiveness of the rim seal and the aerodynamic performance of the blade with five different endwall profiling near the blade leading edge. Three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations coupled with a fully developed shear stress transport (SST) turbulent model are utilized to investigate the sealing effectiveness and the flow characteristics

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27

Lu, Qiu Yuan, Jie Shen, Yue Guang Yu, Xian Jing Ren, Hai Jun Xuan, and Tong Liu. "Progress on Facilities and Methodology to Evaluate Abradable Seal Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 1992–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.1992.

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To improve gas turbine performance, it is essential to decrease back flow gases in the high-temperature combustion region of the turbo machine by reducing the shroud/rotor gap. An abradable seal coating will function effectively. The present work described an advanced detection technology and test rigs to study abradability of the seal coatings. Several early used analytical methods were also reviewed in the work as comparison,like NASAPWA and Sulzer Innotec, have developed abradable test rigs and specified different experimental parameters by simulating the determined working conditions. Then

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Sharatchandra, M. C., and D. L. Rhode. "Computed Effects of Rotor-Induced Swirl on Brush Seal Performance—Part 2: Bristle Force Analysis." Journal of Tribology 118, no. 4 (1996): 920–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2831629.

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This paper analytically investigates the aerodynamic bristle force distributions in brush seals used in aircraft gas turbine engines. These forces are responsible for the onset of bristle tip lift-off from the rotor surface which significantly affects brush seal performance. In order to provide an enhanced understanding of the mechanisms governing the bristle force distributions, a full Navier-Stokes flow simulation is performed in a streamwise periodic module of bristles corresponding to the staggered square configuration. As is the case with a companion paper (Sharatchandra and Rhode, 1996),

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29

Kwak, Hyo Seo, Hansaem Seong, Rivaldo Mersis Brilianto, and Chul Kim. "Design of Laminated Seal for Triple Offset Butterfly Valve (350 °C) Used in Combined Cycle Power Plants." Applied Sciences 9, no. 15 (2019): 3095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9153095.

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In combined cycle power plants (CCPPs), the bypass butterfly valve is a key component to facilitate regulation of exhaust gas energy available at the turbine and to not produce too much boost pressure. The conventional damper valve causes leakage, back flow into the turbine, and damage of the blade, and the existing dual-layered seal with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and metal should be frequently replaced owing to its low durability and deterioration of mechanical properties under a high temperature. This study devised a triple offset butterfly valve with a new type of seal by alternatively

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Nielsen, Annette E., Christoph W. Moll, and Stephan Staudacher. "Modeling and Validation of the Thermal Effects on Gas Turbine Transients." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 3 (2005): 564–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1850495.

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Secondary effects, such as heat transfer from fluid to engine structure and the resulting changes in tip and seal clearances affect component performance and stability. A tip clearance model to be used in transient synthesis codes has been developed. The tip clearance model is derived as a state space structure. The model parameters have been identified from thermomechanical finite element models. The model calculates symmetric rotor tip clearance changes in the turbomachinery and symmetric seal clearance changes in the secondary air system for engine transients within the entire flight envelo

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Wood, P. E., and T. V. Jones. "A Test Facility for the Measurement of Torques at the Shaft to Seal Interface in Brush Seals." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 121, no. 1 (1999): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816304.

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An important factor in the performance of brush seals for a wide range of gas turbine applications is the rate of wear at the seal to shaft interface, which is dependent on the contact pressure that exists between the bristles and rubbing surface. This is dependent on a variety of effects. Principally, these are the aerodynamic forces bending the bristles onto the rubbing surface, frictional effects within the bristle pack and at the backing ring that arise with the application of pressure differential, geometrical changes due to centrifugal and thermal growths, and transient differential move

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Xu, Chen, Wei Feng Huang, and Xiang Feng Liu. "Tracking Property Analysis of a Dry Gas Seal Operating in Low Pressure Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 532 (February 2014): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.532.367.

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An analysis is performed on the tracking property of a spiral groove dry gas seal (DGS) operating in low pressure conditions based on a semi-analytical method developed by Miller and Green. The stiffness model of gas film is established by solving compressible Reynolds equation. And the stiffness model is applied to the kinetic model of seal ring to obtain tracking movement of seal ring. The influences of seal ring face geometry parameters, namely the spiral angle, the groove depth, the groove-dam ratio and the groove-land ratio, on tracking property are evaluated by a series of analysis. Reco

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33

Revert, Anna Bru, Paul F. Beard, John W. Chew, and Sebastiaan Bottenheim. "Sealing Performance of a Turbine Rim Chute Seal Under Rotationally-Induced Ingestion." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1909, no. 1 (2021): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1909/1/012035.

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Wilson, D. G. "Low-leakage and High-Flow Regenerators for Gas Turbine Engines." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 207, no. 3 (1993): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_033_02.

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The preliminary analysis and development of two new forms of regenerative heat exchanger that seem to promise greatly improved performance characteristics is described. To reduce drastically the usually high leakage and high seal wear rates suffered by present rotary regenerators, discontinuous rotation of the matrix has been studied, with seals that clamp the matrix during the stationary periods. To enable the regenerative gas turbine cycle to be used at high powers, regenerators consisting of movable ceramic modules are being investigated. The potential applications of the discontinuous-rota

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35

Liu, Tong, Yue Guang Yu, Jie Shen, Jian Ming Liu, and Qiu Yuan Lu. "Study on Wear Mechanism of an AlSi–Hexagonal Boron Nitride Abradable Seal Coating." Advanced Materials Research 1095 (March 2015): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1095.655.

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To improve gas turbine performance, it is essential to decrease back flow gases in the high-temperature combustion region of turbo machine by reducing the shroud/rotor gap. An abradable seal coating will function effectively. Therefore, it is significant to identify and characterize the main wear mechanisms occurring on turbo machinery seals. A high temperature and speed test rig has been developed by BGRIMM for testing the AlSi–hBN abradable seal coating and Ti-6Al-4V dummy blade. Impact velocities between 150 and 300m·s-1 and incursion rates between 5.0 and 480 μm·s-1 have been applied. It w

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Simms, N. J., J. F. Norton, and G. McColvin. "Performance of candidate gas turbine abradeable seal materials in high temperature combustion atmospheres." Materials and Corrosion 56, no. 11 (2005): 765–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.200503877.

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Zhang, Wan-Fu, Jian-Gang Yang, Chun Li, and Yong-Wei Tian. "Comparison of leakage performance and fluid-induced force of turbine tip labyrinth seal and a new kind of radial annular seal." Computers & Fluids 105 (December 2014): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2014.09.010.

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Sliney, H. E. "Some Composite Bearing and Seal Materials for Gas Turbine Applications—A Review." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 4 (1990): 486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906193.

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A review is given of the selection and tribological testing of materials for high-temperature bearings and seals. The goal is to achieve good tribological properties over a wide range of temperatures, because bearings and seals must be functional from low-temperature start-up conditions on up to the maximum temperatures encountered during engine operation. Plasma-sprayed composite coatings with favorable tribological properties from 25 to 900°C are discussed. The performance of these coatings in simple tribological bench tests is described. Examples are also given of their performance in high-

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Chew, John W., Feng Gao, and Donato M. Palermo. "Flow mechanisms in axial turbine rim sealing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 23-24 (2018): 7637–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218784612.

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This paper presents a review of research on turbine rim sealing with emphasis placed on the underlying flow physics and modelling capability. Rim seal flows play a crucial role in controlling engine disc temperatures but represent a loss from the main engine power cycle and are associated with spoiling losses in the turbine. Elementary models that rely on empirical validation and are currently used in design do not account for some of the known flow mechanisms, and prediction of sealing performance with computational fluid dynamics has proved challenging. Computational fluid dynamics and exper

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Korakianitis, T., L. Meyer, M. Boruta, and H. E. McCormick. "One-Disk Nutating-Engine Performance for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 3 (2004): 475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1496770.

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The nutating engine is a new type of internal combustion engine. The engine has unique advantages over conventional piston engines and gas turbines in small power ranges suitable for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and other applications. This publication is the original presentation of the performance potential of the simplest version of the engine, a one-disk engine operating at constant compression ratio, for light airframe propulsion. In its basic configuration the core of the engine is a nutating nonrotating disk, with the center of its hub mounted in the middle of a Z-shaped shaft. The t

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Tong, Fujuan, Wenxuan Gou, Lei Li, Zhufeng Yue, Wenjing Gao, and Honglin Li. "Numerical investigation of high pressure turbine blade tip-shaping effects on the aerothermal and dynamic performance." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 15, no. 6 (2019): 1121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mmms-03-2019-0053.

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Purpose In order to improve the engine reliability and efficiency, an effective way is to reform the turbine blade tip conformation. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The present research provides several novel tip-shaping structures, which are considered to control the blade tip loss. Four different tip geometries have been studied: flat tip, squealer tip, flat tip with streamwise ribs and squealer tip with streamwise ribs. The tip heat transfer and leakage flow are both analyzed in detail, for example the tip heat transfer coefficient, tip flow and local press

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Gorgun, Erdem, Yahya Dogu, and Mahmut Faruk Aksit. "Investigation of Flow Behavior and Porous Medium Resistance Coefficients for Metallic-Cloth Fibers." Fibers 8, no. 12 (2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib8120075.

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The flow through porous metallic-cloth fibers influences the cloth seal leakage performance. Measuring the actual seal leakage proves difficult with challenging turbine operating conditions. A non-Darcian porous medium Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was employed for the flow within porous metallic-cloth fibers. CFD analyses need leakage data depending on the pressure load to calibrate flow resistance coefficients. A test rig was built to measure leakage with respect to the pressure load and weave orientation in four directions. The Sutherland-ideal gas approach was utilized to determ

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Sangan, Carl M., James A. Scobie, J. Michael Owen, Gary D. Lock, Kok Mun Tham, and Vincent P. Laurello. "Performance of a Finned Turbine Rim Seal." Journal of Turbomachinery 136, no. 11 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4028116.

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In gas turbines, rim seals are fitted at the periphery of the wheel-space between the turbine disk and its adjacent casing; their purpose is to reduce the ingress of hot mainstream gases. A superposed sealant flow, bled from the compressor, is used to purge the wheel-space or at least dilute the ingress to an acceptable level. The ingress is caused by the circumferential variation of pressure in the turbine annulus radially outward of the seal. Engine designers often use double-rim seals where the variation in pressure is attenuated in the outer wheel-space between the two seals. This paper de

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Lu, Xueliang, and Luis San Andrés. "Step Clearance Seals: An Analysis to Demonstrate Their Unique Performance." Journal of Tribology 141, no. 3 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4041719.

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Hydraulic turbines and centrifugal pumps at times show low frequency vibrations when installed with upstream step (band) clearance seals with a narrow clearance facing the incoming external flow. When implementing a downstream step clearance seal, one with the narrow clearance located at the seal exit, the same machine does not show the same problem. This paper presents both theoretical and experimental analysis on the leakage and dynamic force coefficients of both upstream and downstream step clearance seals. The predicted and measured results show that an upstream step clearance seal produce

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Li, Jun, Shengru Kong, Xin Yan, Shinnosuke Obi, and Zhengping Feng. "Numerical Investigations on Leakage Performance of the Rotating Labyrinth Honeycomb Seal." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 132, no. 6 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4000091.

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Three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) solutions from CFX were utilized to investigate the leakage flow characteristics in the labyrinth honeycomb seal of steam turbines. At first, the accuracy and reliability of the utilized RANS approach was demonstrated using the published experimental data of the honeycomb seal. It showed that the utilized numerical method has sufficient precision to predict the leakage performance in seals. Then a range of sealing clearances, cell diameters, cell depths, rotation speeds, and pressure ratios were investigated to determine how these factor

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Charan Nayak, Kali, and Pradip Dutta. "Effect of Rub-Grooves on Leakage and Windage Heating in Straight-Through Labyrinth Seals." Journal of Tribology 138, no. 2 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4031431.

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Prediction of leakage flow and windage heating for labyrinth seals with honeycomb lands is critical in understanding gas turbine engine system performance and predicting its component life. There are several labyrinth seal configurations in use in gas turbines, and for each configuration, there are many geometric factors that can impact a seal's leakage and windage characteristics. One of the factors which has not been thoroughly investigated in previously published work is the presence of rub-grooves in the honeycomb land and its impact on seal performance. This paper describes the developmen

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Tran, Dung L., Dara W. Childs, Hari Shrestha, and Min Zhang. "Test Results for the Static and Rotordynamic Characteristics of a Long (L/D = 0.75) Smooth Seal in Two-Phase (Mainly Gas) Conditions With a 62-Bar Inlet Pressure." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 143, no. 4 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4049773.

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Abstract Recent multiphase-pump developments encountered several rotordynamic issues with smooth balance-piston seals, creating a need to better understand the performance of annular seals under multiphase-flow operation. This paper presents measurements of static and dynamic characteristics of a long smooth seal (L/D = 0.75, D = 114.686 mm, and Cr = 0.200 mm) operating under pure- and mainly air condition in which air is mixed with silicone oil (PSF-5cSt). Tests are performed at a supply pressure of 62.1 bars-g, three rotation speeds (5, 10, and 15 krpm), three pressure ratios (PRs) (0.6, 0.5

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Scobie, James A., Roy Teuber, Yan Sheng Li, Carl M. Sangan, Michael Wilson, and Gary D. Lock. "Design of an Improved Turbine Rim-Seal." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 138, no. 2 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4031241.

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Rim seals are fitted in gas turbines at the periphery of the wheel-space formed between rotor disks and their adjacent casings. These seals, also called platform overlap seals, reduce the ingress of hot gases which can limit the life of highly stressed components in the engine. This paper describes the development of a new, patented rim-seal concept showing improved performance relative to a reference engine design, using unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) computations of a turbine stage at engine conditions. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study was limited to a small num

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Raben, Markus, Jens Friedrichs, Thomas Helmis, and Johan Flegler. "Brush Seals Used in Steam Environments—Chronological Wear Development and the Impact of Different Seal Designs." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 138, no. 5 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4031531.

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During the last decades, turbo machine efficiency was considerably increased by using more efficient seals. Brush seals, as a compliant contacting filament seal, have become an attractive alternative to conventional labyrinth seals in the field of aircraft engines as well as in stationary gas and steam turbines. The aim of today's research related to brush seals is to understand the characteristics and their connections, in order to be able to make performance predictions, and to ensure the reliability over a defined operating period. The wear behavior is essentially influenced by frictional c

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Nayak, Kali Charan, and Pradip Dutta. "Numerical Investigations for Leakage and Windage Heating in Straight-Through Labyrinth Seals." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 138, no. 1 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4031343.

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The ability to quantify leakage flow and windage heating for labyrinth seals with honeycomb lands is critical in understanding gas turbine engine system performance and predicting its component life. Variety of labyrinth seal configurations (number of teeth, stepped or straight, honeycomb cell size) are in use in gas turbines, and for each configuration, there are many geometric factors that can impact a seal's leakage and windage characteristics. This paper describes the development of a numerical methodology aimed at studying the effect of honeycomb lands on leakage and windage heating. Spec

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