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Calude, Cristian S., Sanjay Jain, Wolfgang Merkle, and Frank Stephan. "Searching for shortest and least programs." Theoretical Computer Science 807 (February 2020): 114–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2019.10.011.
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Smith, Kenneth. "Infrared Microspectroscopy And Computer Library Searching." Microscopy Today 2, no. 6 (September 1994): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500066451.
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In today's FTIR market, many instrument manufacturers provide software to perform searches of computer library spectra. With the increased speed of computers running FTIR instruments, you can have the result of a computer library search in literally seconds. However, as we rely more and more on computers in the laboratory we need to keep in mind the limitations and possible areas for error in these applications.Computer library search programs calculate the difference between the sample spectrum and reference spectrum typically based on peak position and intensity. Different searching algorithms can stress one or the other. The result of a computer search is a Hit List with each hit having a hit quotient index (HQI) to indicate how close that particular spectrum matches the sample spectrum. In some programs the quotient which indicates an exact match would be 1 or 100, in others it is 0.
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Christiansen, Jan, and Frank Huch. "Searching for deadlocks while debugging concurrent haskell programs." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 39, no. 9 (September 19, 2004): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1016848.1016858.
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Simon, F. A. "A comparison of two computer programs for searching the medical literature." Academic Medicine 63, no. 4 (April 1988): 331–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001888-198804000-00013.
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Lopez-Lezcano, Fernando. "Searching for the GRAIL." Computer Music Journal 40, no. 4 (December 2016): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj_a_00393.
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This article describes a quest for the GRAIL (Giant Radial Array for Immersive Listening), a large-scale loudspeaker system with related hardware and software control equipment. The GRAIL was developed at the Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) at Stanford University, evolving from the need for optimal sound quality in our multichannel concerts. It is also used for teaching and research. The current GRAIL is one step in an ongoing evolutionary process, characterized by the use of off-the-shelf hardware components and custom software–based on free software languages and libraries. While developing our software, we have, as much as possible, aimed to take advantage of existing programs and utilities.
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Chen, Pang C. "Heuristic Sampling: A Method for Predicting the Performance of Tree Searching Programs." SIAM Journal on Computing 21, no. 2 (April 1992): 295–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/0221022.
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Toby, B. H., R. L. Harlow, and M. A. Holomany. "The POWDER SUITE: Computer Programs for Searching and Accessing the JCPDS-ICDD Powder Diffraction Database." Powder Diffraction 5, no. 1 (March 1990): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600015153.
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AbstractTwo new VAX/VMS computer programs are presented for accessing and searching the Powder Diffraction File (PDF) (1989) of the JCPDS-International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD). The programs use binary mapped index files which affords rapid searches of the database. Program LOGIC permits entries in the database to be selected by chemistry, peak position or name constraints. The selected entries may be displayed, printed or graphed. The program can display or print entries from the full PDF-2 (1989) database, if on-line. Program SEARCH searches for patterns in the database which match an unknown set of peaks; the program may be optimized for a wide variety of applications including identification of component phases in mixtures. Commands may be entered to the programs in two modes. In the “novice-friendly” mode, users must answer questions to select options. However, experienced users may opt to use a concise one-line command syntax. The modes may be mixed.
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BELLODI, ELENA, and FABRIZIO RIGUZZI. "Structure learning of probabilistic logic programs by searching the clause space." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 15, no. 2 (January 15, 2014): 169–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068413000689.
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AbstractLearning probabilistic logic programming languages is receiving an increasing attention, and systems are available for learning the parameters (PRISM, LeProbLog, LFI-ProbLog and EMBLEM) or both structure and parameters (SEM-CP-logic and SLIPCASE) of these languages. In this paper we present the algorithm SLIPCOVER for “Structure LearnIng of Probabilistic logic programs by searChing OVER the clause space.” It performs a beam search in the space of probabilistic clauses and a greedy search in the space of theories using the log likelihood of the data as the guiding heuristics. To estimate the log likelihood, SLIPCOVER performs Expectation Maximization with EMBLEM. The algorithm has been tested on five real world datasets and compared with SLIPCASE, SEM-CP-logic, Aleph and two algorithms for learning Markov Logic Networks (Learning using Structural Motifs (LSM) and ALEPH++ExactL1). SLIPCOVER achieves higher areas under the precision-recall and receiver operating characteristic curves in most cases.
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GAUTAMA, H., and A. J. C. VAN GEMUND. "SYMBOLIC PERFORMANCE ESTIMATION OF SPECULATIVE PARALLEL PROGRAMS." Parallel Processing Letters 13, no. 04 (December 2003): 513–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626403001471.
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Speculative parallelism refers to searching in parallel for a solution, such as finding a pattern in a data base, where finding the first solution terminates the whole parallel process. Different performance prediction methods are required as compared to traditional parallelism. In this paper we introduce an analytical approach to predict the execution time distribution of data-dependent parallel programs that feature N-ary and binary speculative parallel compositions. The method is based on the use of statistical moments which allows program execution time distribution to be approximated at O(1) solution complexity. Measurement results for synthetic distributions indicate an accuracy that lies in the percent range while for empirical distributions on internet search engines the prediction accuracy is acceptable, provided sufficient workload unimodality.
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McArthur, J., J. Bolles, J. Fine, P. Kidd, and M. Bessis. "Interactive Computer-Video Modules for Health Sciences Education." Methods of Information in Medicine 28, no. 04 (October 1989): 360–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1636797.
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Abstract:Advances in electronic image recording and computer technologyhave resulted in a remarkable increase in the power and flexibility of interactive computer-video teaching systems. The University of Washington Health Science Videodisc Development Group first demonstrated a laser videodisc controlled by a remote central computer in 1980. Even this rudimentary unit highlighted basic medical informatics principles including: rapid accessibility; a “generic” or multi-purposed format; ease of computer control; and large collections of valid, rigorously reviewed images. Advances in medical informatics have led to the development of the following previously undescribed series of teaching units:1. The hypertext programs Hypercard, Linkway, and Guide have been used with videodiscs to develop easy-to-use instructional and reference materials. These materials demonstrate the ease with which a computer-naive instructor may develop new programs and the advantage that the intuitive nature of these programs brings to student users.2. Patient simulations using single and double screens plus pre-defined knowledge structures;3. Interactive single topic tutorials using preset knowledge structures;4. A key-word-based disc searching system;5. Electronic video microscopy;6. A series of programs developed independently by health science faculty who have purchased multi-purpose videodiscs that demonstrate the flexibility of the multi-purpose or “generic”: collection concept.
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Khamprapai, Wanida, Cheng-Fa Tsai, Paohsi Wang, and Chi-En Tsai. "Multiple-Searching Genetic Algorithm for Whole Test Suites." Electronics 10, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10162011.
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A test suite is a set of test cases that evaluate the quality of software. The aim of whole test suite generation is to create test cases with the highest coverage scores possible. This study investigated the efficiency of a multiple-searching genetic algorithm (MSGA) for whole test suite generation. In previous works, the MSGA has been effectively used in multicast routing of a network system and in the generation of test cases on individual coverage criteria for small- to medium-sized programs. The performance of the algorithms varies depending on the problem instances. In this experiment were generated whole test suites for complex programs. The MSGA was expanded in the EvoSuite test generation tool and compared with the available algorithms on EvoSuite in terms of the number of test cases, the number of statements, mutation score, and coverage score. All algorithms were evaluated on 14 problem instances with different corpus to satisfy multiple coverage criteria. The problem instances were Java open-source projects. Findings demonstrate that the MSGA generated test cases reached greater coverage scores and detected a larger number of faults in the test class when compared with the others.
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Su, Kuo Lan, Bo Yi Li, and Cheng Yun Chung. "Enhance A* Searching Algorithm Applying in Multiple Robot System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 479-480 (December 2013): 773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.479-480.773.
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The article programs the shortest motion paths of the multiple mobile robots to be applied in the Chinese chess game, and presents the movement scenario of the chess using mobile robots on the grid based chessboard platform. Users play the chess game using the mouse to obey the evaluation algorithm on the user interface. The user interface programs the motion paths that are the shortest displacement using enhance A* searching algorithm and solves the collision problem of the programmed motion paths for the assigned chesses to and reprogram the new motion paths using enhance A* searching algorithm, too. The supervised computer controls mobile robots according to the programmed motion paths of the assigned chess moving on the platform via wireless RF interface. In the experimental results, we use simulation method to search the motion paths of the assigned chesses on the user interface, and implement the simulation results on the chessboard platform using mobile robots. Mobile robots move on the platform according to the programmed motion paths from the start points to the target points and avoid the collision points.
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Lin, Yung Chin, Kuo Lan Su, and Chih Hung Chang. "Development of the Searching Algorithm with Complexity Environment for Mobile Robots." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1826–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1826.
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The article programs the shortest path searching problems of the mobile robot in the complexity unknown environment, and uses the mobile robot to present the movement scenario from the start point to the target point in a collision-free space. The complexity environment contains variety obstacles, such as road, tree, river, gravel, grass, highway and unknown obstacle. We set the relative dangerous grade for variety obstacles. The mobile robot searches the target point to locate the positions of unknown obstacles, and avoids these obstacles moving in the motion platform. We develop the user interface to help users filling out the positions of the mobile robot and the obstacles on the supervised computer, such the initial point of the mobile robot, the start point and the target point. The supervised computer programs the motion paths of the mobile robot according to A* searching algorithm, flood-fill algorithm and 2-op exchange algorithm The simulation results present the proposed algorithms that program the shortest motion paths from the initial point approach to the target point for the mobile robot. The supervised computer controls the mobile robot that follows the programmed motion path moving to the target point in the complexity environment via wireless radio frequency (RF) interface.
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Ajuwon, Grace Ada, and Sunday O. Popoola. "Influence of motivational factors on utilisation of Internet health information resources by resident doctors in Nigeria." Electronic Library 33, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-12-2012-0159.
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Purpose – This study aims to determine the influence of motivational factors: perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived enjoyment (PEJ) and perceived usefulness (PU) on utilisation of Internet health information resources among resident doctors in tertiary health-care institutions in Nigeria. The Internet has become a major source of health information for practitioners and the general public. Despite the availability of health information resources on the Internet, some resources are underutilised. There are numerous studies on Internet use among health-care workers; however, there is a dearth of information on motivational factors influencing utilisation of Internet health information resources among resident doctors in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – A descriptive survey design was used. Total enumeration technique was adopted to cover 1,280 resident doctors in 13 tertiary health-care institutions in southwestern Nigeria. A validated, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire has four sections covering the demographic profile of the respondents, PEU, PEJ and PU. Four hypotheses were tested at the p < 0.0 1 level of significance. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings – There were more males (69.0 per cent) than females (31 per cent); respondents mean age was 34 years. The result revealed that PEU(r = 0.181, p < 0.01), PEJ(r = 0.166, p < 0.01) and PU(r = 0.121, p < 0.01) have significant relationship with utilisation of Internet health information resources by the respondents. Also, PEU, PEJ and PU collectively (F = 15.366, df = 3; 897, p < 0.01) have significant influence on utilisation of Internet health information resources of the respondents. Individually, PEU (B = 0.864, df = 897, t = 3.90, p < 0.01) and PEJ (B = 0.349, df = 897, t = 3.060, p [lt] 0.01) were found to have significant influence on utilisation while PU (B = 0.232, df = 897, t = 1.328, p > 0.01) does not significantly influence the utilisation of Internet health information resource of the respondents. Research limitations/implications – One major implication of this study is that system designers and web content developers should design programs and websites that are compatible with the user’s abilities. Medical librarians have a role to play in providing quality health content that is easy to navigate and pleasurable to use. Both the institutions and the government have a role to play in providing information and communication technology facilities to enable doctors access relevant health information resources easily. Practical implications – Introduction of information literacy training in the residency programme or inclusion as a component of the continuing professional development will enable resident doctors to know relevant online searching tools and search techniques for accessing health information resources which will be useful to their work. This will in turn increase their PU of Internet resources. Health sciences librarians (medical librarians) in the various institutions/centres have a role to play in training resident doctors on how to access, retrieve and evaluate online health information. Librarians should also train resident doctors on how to search evidence-based Medicine resources such as the Cochrane Library and PubMed Clinical Queries and Critical Appraisal of the medical literature to make informed decision in the management of their patients and for research purposes. They should be trained on how to organise bibliographic references using reference manager tools such as Endnote, Zotero or Mendeley. Social implications – The social implication of this findings is that systems that are easy to use should be designed, so that doctors will be able to access relevant information for research and patient care for better health outcomes. The easier and enjoyable the system is to use, the more resident doctors will access and use health information resources to improve their service and save more lives. Originality/value – This study examined three motivational factors (PEU, PEJ and PU) that influence the utilisation of Internet health information resources by resident doctors in tertiary health-care institutions in Nigeria. The result revealed that collectively PEU, PEJ and PU have significant relationship with the utilisation of Internet health information resources, but PEU and PEJ are the main drivers of use of Internet health information resources among the resident doctors studied. This study adds to the literature of motivational factors influencing utilisation of Internet health information resources by resident doctors in southwestern Nigeria. This paper is original because, to the best of our knowledge, there is no other study on motivational factors influencing Internet use among resident doctors in Nigeria.
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Teixeira, Jânio Elias, Heres Edison Valdivieso Tobar Neto, Cristiano de Faveri, Deise de Brum Saccol, Juliana Kaizer Vizzotto, and Eduardo Kessler Piveta. "A Refactoring Catalog for Lambda Expressions in Java." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 29, no. 06 (June 2019): 791–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819401950027x.
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Language evolution provides room for improvements in existing programs. Developers can update a system design by using new language features in existing code bases. In this sense, we present a catalog with a set of refactorings to deal with lambda expressions in Java. A case study evaluates the applicability of the proposed refactorings in a set of open source projects, using an Eclipse-based tool for searching for refactoring opportunities dealing with lambda expressions.
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Thomson, Patrick. "Static Analysis: An Introduction." Queue 19, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3487019.3487021.
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Modern static-analysis tools provide powerful and specific insights into codebases. The Linux kernel team, for example, developed Coccinelle, a powerful tool for searching, analyzing, and rewriting C source code; because the Linux kernel contains more than 27 million lines of code, a static-analysis tool is essential both for finding bugs and for making automated changes across its many libraries and modules. Another tool targeted at the C family of languages is Clang scan-build, which comes with many useful analyses and provides an API for programmers to write their own analyses. Like so many things in computer science, the utility of static analysis is self-referential: To write reliable programs, we must also write programs for our programs. But this is no paradox. Static-analysis tools, complex though their theory and practice may be, are what will enable us, and engineers of the future, to overcome this challenge and yield the knowledge and insights that we practitioners deserve.
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Škrobian, Milan, Tomas Havlik, and Milan Havlik. "Searching and Matching of X-Ray Powder Diffraction Patterns Using a Programmable Calculator." Powder Diffraction 1, no. 3 (September 1986): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600011763.
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AbstractA simple, practical search/match program, RIFRAN 85, has been written and implemented for the EMG 666B programmable calculator. The computer programs are written in EMG Assembler, which is identical to the assembler language for the Hewlett-Packard 9821 calculator. The EMG 666B is made in Hungary and has 8 kbytes of operational memory. The programs interactively provide qualitative phase analysis of X-ray powder diffraction patterns using standard files collected from published data and stored on a compact magnetic tape cassette. Each standard pattern can comprise up to 35 two-theta — intensity pairs. The identification procedure is based on the comparison of the diffraction data of the standard and of the unknown within limits imposed by user-established match and chemical criteria. This paper describes the algorithm used and the performance of the RIFRAN 85 identification system. The system's operation is illustrated using an example of phase analysis of a mineral sample.
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Guo, J. Hung, and Kuo Lan Su. "Greedy Algorithm Based Multiple Target Searching for Mobile Robots." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1335.
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The article mainly researches path planning and task allocation problems of multiple mobile robots using A* searching algorithm and greedy algorithm, and solve the shortest path problems such that the robots can move from the start point to reach the multiple target points in a collision-free space, and uses 2-opt exchange heuristic algorithm to improve the shortest path. In this manner, the mobile moves to the final target point through the other points, and construct the motion path using A* searching algorithm and greedy algorithm. The supervised computer control the mobile robot feedback to the start point from the final target point through the other points, and programs a shortest path using 2-opt exchange heuristic algorithm. We develop the user interface to program the motion path of mobile robots via wireless RF interface. It can displays the motion path of the mobile robot on real-time. The simulated results presents that the proposed method can finds the shortest motion path for mobile robots moving to multiple target points from the start point in a collision-free space. Finally, we implement the experiment scenario on the grid platform using the module-based mobile robot.
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Li, Hecheng, and Zhicang Wang. "An Evolutionary Algorithm Using Parameter Space Searching for Interval Linear Fractional Bilevel Programming Problems." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 30, no. 04 (April 12, 2016): 1659011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001416590114.
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Interval programming is one of main approaches treating imprecise and uncertain elements involved in optimization problems. In this paper, an interval linear fractional bilevel program is considered, which is characterized in that both objective coefficients and the right-hand side vector are interval numbers, and an evolutionary algorithm (EA) is proposed to solve the problem. First, the interval parameter space of the follower’s problem is taken as the search space of the proposed EA. For each individual, one can evaluate it by dealing with a simplified interval bilevel program in which only the leader’s objective involves interval parameters. In addition, the optimality conditions of linear fractional programs are applied to convert and solve the simplified problem. Finally, some computational examples were solved and the results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and robust.
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Mazurenko, A. V., and N. V. Boldyrikhin. "Accelerated preprocessing in task of searching substrings in a string." Vestnik of Don State Technical University 19, no. 3 (October 4, 2019): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/1992-5980-2019-19-3-290-300.
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Introduction. A rapid development of the systems such as Yandex, Google, etc., has predetermined the relevance of the task of searching substrings in a string, and approaches to its solution are actively investigated. This task is used to create database management systems that support associative search. Besides, it is applicable in solving information security issues and creating antivirus programs. Algorithms of searching substring in a string are used in signature-based discovery tasks.Materials and Methods. The solution to the problem is based on the Aho-Corasick algorithm which is a typical technique of searching substrings in a string. At the same time, a new approach regarding preprocessing is employed.Research Results. The possibility of constructing the transition function and suffix references through suffix arrays and special mappings, is shown. The relationship between the prefix tree and suffix arrays was investigated, which provided the development of a fundamentally new method of constructing the transition and error functions. The results obtained enable to substantially shorten the time intervals spent on the preelection processing of a set of pattern strings when using an integer alphabet. The paper lists eight algorithms. The developed algorithms are evaluated. The results obtained are compared to the formerly known. Two theorems and eight lemmas are proved. Two examples illustrating features of the practical application of the developed preprocessing procedure are given.Discussion and Conclusions. The preprocessing procedure proposed in this paper is based on the communication between the suffix array built on the ground of a set of pattern strings and the construction of transition and error functions at the initial stages of the Aho-Corasick algorithm. This approach differs from the traditional one and requires the use of algorithms providing a suffix array in linear time. Thus, the algorithms that enable to significantly reduce the time for preprocessing of a set of pattern strings under the condition of using a certain type of alphabet in comparison to the known approach proposed in the Aho- Corasick algorithm are described. The research results presented in the paper can be used in antivirus programs that apply searching for signatures of malicious data objects in the memory of a computer system. In addition, this approach to solving the problem on searching substrings in a string will significantly speed up the operation of database management systems using associative search.
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Siskova, Anna, Klara Cervena, Jan Kral, Tomas Hucl, Pavel Vodicka, and Veronika Vymetalkova. "Colorectal Adenomas—Genetics and Searching for New Molecular Screening Biomarkers." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (May 5, 2020): 3260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093260.
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant disease with an incidence of over 1.8 million new cases per year worldwide. CRC outcome is closely related to the respective stage of CRC and is more favorable at less advanced stages. Detection of early colorectal adenomas is the key to survival. In spite of implemented screening programs showing efficiency in the detection of early precancerous lesions and CRC in asymptomatic patients, a significant number of patients are still diagnosed in advanced stages. Research on CRC accomplished during the last decade has improved our understanding of the etiology and development of colorectal adenomas and revealed weaknesses in the general approach to their detection and elimination. Recent studies seek to find a reliable non-invasive biomarker detectable even in the blood. New candidate biomarkers could be selected on the basis of so-called liquid biopsy, such as long non-coding RNA, microRNA, circulating cell-free DNA, circulating tumor cells, and inflammatory factors released from the adenoma into circulation. In this work, we focused on both genetic and epigenetic changes associated with the development of colorectal adenomas into colorectal carcinoma and we also discuss new possible biomarkers that are detectable even in adenomas prior to cancer development.
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Sistrunk, L. A. "1049 COMPUTER RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO HORTICULTURISTS ON INTERNET." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 578f—579. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.578f.
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Internet is one of the main components of the information superhighway. By accessing information on networks, we as professionals can add to the information stream and disseminate research data and academic applications in a timely manner. Users worldwide can use this data to add to their ongoing research efforts. Both binary and ASCII files can be transmitted. One of the main obstacles new users must face is locating the proper area of interest. The use of FTP (File Transfer Protocol) allows users to transfer data between their server and other servers on Internet. For help in finding areas of interest there are two common systems being used. One is called Archie and allows the searching of Archie servers with key words. Substring searches can be used if you do not know the exact name of a resource. Another system is called Gopher and is menu driven. Gopher provides an easier way to search for the information you are looking for, since it allows users to move within modular menu components. LISTSERV, a mail manager system, allows the distribution of information by mailing lists in less time than regular Internet mail programs, further adding to the system efficiency.
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BRADE, K., M. GUZDIAL, M. STECKEL, and E. SOLOWAY. "WHORF: A HYPERTEXT TOOL FOR SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 04, no. 01 (March 1994): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194094000027.
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Software maintenance programmers face the daunting task of understanding and modifying complex, unfamiliar programs that contain delocalized plans (conceptually related code that is not located contiguously in a program). Our research shows that programmers use an as-needed strategy when searching for the delocalized components which they need to understand. We have developed a maintenance tool, Whorf, that provides explicit support for visualizing and understanding delocalized plans using an as-needed strategy. Whorf supports this strategy through multiple, concurrent views of the software with instant, easy access to additional views. It supports the understanding of delocalized plans by providing hypertext links between views to highlight interactions between physically disparate components. A study comparing the usage of Whorf and paper documentation shows that the dynamic views and structure supported by Whorf provide information more quickly and easily than the static structure of paper documentation.
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Ryan, Melissa S., and John P. McGrath. "Search for the Bonhomme Richard Using Computer Modeling and Submarine Technologies." Marine Technology Society Journal 42, no. 4 (December 1, 2008): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533208787157660.
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The Ocean Technology Foundation and Naval Historical Center have been searching for the remains of the Bonhomme Richard, which sank in the western North Sea as a casualty of the American Revolution. Historical information about the ship's final resting place is lacking, but its activities up until the sinking are well documented. The results of many years of historical research have been incorporated into computer modeling programs, and a Geographic Information System (GIS) map was created to document all known information on shipwreck locations, seabed geology, and other pertinent information to enable the most effective survey. A recent survey expedition utilized the U.S. Navy's nuclear research submarine NR-1 to search nearly 400 square nautical miles of the North Sea. This paper focuses on the technological tools used in the search for the Bonhomme Richard: computer modeling, GIS, and submarine technologies. It also discusses the benefits and drawbacks of using a submarine to conduct marine archaeological surveys. The expedition yielded insights into the strengths and limitations of computerized drift modeling, especially when used to reconcile empiric environmental data with conflicting eyewitness accounts.
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Okie, W. R. "“Peach and Nectarine Varieties”-A Hypertext Index." HortScience 28, no. 12 (December 1993): 1186–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.12.1186.
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“Peach and Nectarine Varieties” is a self-contained computer program describing more than 600 varieties and their performance in the southeastern United States. The information can be accessed in various ways, including searching for any word or name. A Master Index of names and synonyms lists more than 6000 names used in the United States, plus many foreign names. This index includes pedigree, origin, and a coded description. General information is included regarding peaches and nectarines. All North American breeding programs are chronicled. The program is available for MS-DOS computers with an EGA or VGA monitor, and may be freely distributed.
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LOTREAN, Lucia Maria, Roxana AILOAIEI, Monica POPA, Hein de VRIES, Gindrovel DUMITRA, Liviu OPREA, and Mira FLOREA. "The Use of Information Technology for Smoking Cessation: Opinions of Romanian Patients from General Practitioners." Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala 73 (June 15, 2021): 312–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/rcis.73.20.
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The objectives of this study are assessing of internet use among Romanian patients from general practitioners as well as their intention to use or recommend the first computer tailored program for smoking cessation from Romania. The study involved 200 patients from general practitioners from Cluj-Napoca, Romania. A cross-sectional study was performed in 2014 through anonymous questionnaires. More than 80% of the patients declared using internet, while half were searching on internet in the last month information regarding healthy lifestyle. The prevalence of smoking was 29.5%. One out of two smokers declared intention to try the program for smoking cessation, this intention being higher among smokers with a stronger intention to quit smoking in the next 6 months, having email-address and searching healthy lifestyle information on internet in the last month. Two thirds of the participants agreed that they would inform other persons about the smoking cessation program; this intention was higher among women and among those interested in healthy lifestyle information on internet. Information technology could be use for healthy lifestyle promotion among patients from big cities of Romania, where internet access and interest for computer tailored programs for health promotion look promising.
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Morgunov, D. A. "IDENTIFICATION OF HIDDEN VULNERABILITIES IN THE SOURCE CODE MULTI-THREAD PROGRAMS BY ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONAL TRANSITIONS." Journal of the Ural Federal District. Information security, no. 2 (2020): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/secur200207.
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The article presents a new set-theoretic model and procedures that reduce the time required to detect hidden vulnerabilities in the source code of multi-threaded computer programs, as well as the results of mathematical modeling. Hidden vulnerabilities in the article are under-stood as vulnerabilities leading to data races and deadlocks, since they have a stochastic nature of manifestation during testing, which greatly complicates their identification. The presented model describes the state of each thread of a multi-threaded computer program currently exe-cuting a function and the contents of the function call stack. At the same time, it remains pos-sible to use the model in verification by the Model Checking method, and also eliminates the need to solve the problem of searching for the model invariant. The presented procedures make it possible to formulate specifications for the verification method on models, the implementa-tion of which makes it possible to identify vulnerabilities leading to data races and deadlocks in the source code of multithreaded programs
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Kazimierska, Olga. "Simulation of Life Raft Motions on Irregular Wave - An Analysis of Situations Leading to Raft Capsizing." Polish Maritime Research 25, s1 (May 1, 2018): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2018-0021.
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Abstract Successful rescue action at sea is based on a. o. a correct choice of rescue means and their reliability. Operational characteristics of life-saving appliances determine their performance in a given water area. Therefore they affect duration time of rescue action and decide this way on survival time of shipwrecked persons. This paper presents impact of characteristics of circular inflatable life rafts on their dynamics in a given sea environment. Particular issues dealing with raft motion were analyzed and their solutions were then presented in the form of computer programs built into MATLAB environment. The programs operate on the open choice basis–the user is requested to introduce data of a raft to be investigated. The program clearly informs which units should be used for the data. The obtained results allow to limit survivours searching area and simultaneously form the basis for working out a model of searched object drift motion. In this work the use was made of the results obtained from the KBN research project No. 4T12C03827 in which an attempt was made to analyzing capsize probability of a raft at given sea states. The raft investigated in the project is also used as a reference raft in the computer programs developed in this work.
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Lin, Y. C., C. H. Chen, K. L. Su, and J. H. Guo. "Image Recognition Method Applying in Formation Control of Mobile Robots." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.693.
Full textAbstract:
The article develops multi-pattern formation exchange using A* searching algorithm, and programs the shortest motion paths for mobile robots. The system contains an image recognition system, a motion platform, some wireless RF modules and five mobile robots. We use Otsu algorithm to recognize the variety 2D bar code to classify variety pattern, and control five mobile robots to execute formation exchange, and present the movement scenario on the motion platform. We have been developed some pattern formations according to game applications, such as hook pattern formation, T pattern formation, L pattern formation, rectangle pattern formation, sward pattern formation and so on, and develop the user interface of the multi-robot system to program motion paths for variety pattern formation exchange on the supervised computer. The supervised computer programs pattern formation exchange according to the image recognition results, and controls mobile robots moving on the motion platform via wireless RF interface. In the experimental results, mobile robots can receive the pattern formation command from the supervised computer, and change the original pattern formation to the assigned pattern formation on the motion platform, and avoid other mobile robots on real-time.
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Salim Muljana, Pauline, and Tian Luo. "Factors Contributing to Student Retention in Online Learning and Recommended Strategies for Improvement: A Systematic Literature Review." Journal of Information Technology Education: Research 18 (2019): 019–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4182.
Full textAbstract:
Aim/Purpose: This systematic literature review investigates the underlying factors that influence the gap between the popularity of online learning and its completion rate. The review scope within this paper includes an observation of possible causal aspects within the non-ideal completion rates in online learning environments and an identification of recommended strategies to increase retention rates. Background: While online learning is increasingly popular, and the number of online students is steadily growing, student retention rates are significantly lower than those in the traditional environment. Despite the multitude of studies, many institutions are still searching for solutions for this matter. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted on 40 studies published between 2010 and 2018. We established a set of criteria to guide the selection of eligible articles including topic relevance (aligned with the research questions), empirical studies, and publication time frame. Further steps were performed through a major database searching, abstract screening, full-text analysis, and synthesis process. Contribution: This study adds to expanding literature regarding student retention and strategies in online learning environments within the higher education setting. Findings: Revealed factors include institutional support, the level difficulty of the programs, promotion of a sense of belonging, facilitation of learning, course design, student behavioral characteristics, and demographic variables along with other personal variables. The recommended strategies identified for improving student retention are early interventions, at-all-times supports for students, effective communication, support for faculty teaching online classes, high-quality instructional feedback and strategies, guidance to foster positive behavioral characteristics, and collaboration among stakeholders to support online students. Recommendations for Practitioners: Since factors within the open systems of online learning are interrelated, we recommend a collective effort from multiple stakeholders when addressing retention issues in online learning. Recommendation for Researchers: We recommend that fellow scholars consider focusing on each influential factor and recommendation in regard to student retention in online learning environments as synthesized in this study. Findings will further enrich the literature on student retention in online learning environments. Future Research: Future research may investigate various data-mining and analytics techniques pertaining to detection and prediction of at-risk students, the efficacy of student support and faculty support programs, and ways to encourage struggling students to adopt effective strategies that potentially engender positive learning behaviors.
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Su, Kuo Lan, Bo Yi Li, and Jian Da Fong. "Development of the Escaping Programming System for Fire Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 300-301 (February 2013): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.300-301.389.
Full textAbstract:
We present the path planning techniques of the fire escaping system using multiple mobile robots for intelligent building. The controller of the mobile robot is MCS-51 microchip, and acquires the detection signal from flame sensor through I/O pins, and receives the command from the supervised compute via wireless RF interface. The mobile robot transmits ID code, detection signal, location and orientation of the mobile robots to the supervised computer via wireless RF interface. We proposed A* searching algorithm to program escaping motion paths to guard peoples moving to the safety area using mobile robots, and develop user interface on the supervised computer for the fire escaping system. In the experimental results, the supervised computer locates the positions of fire sources by mobile robots, and programs the escaping paths on the user interface, and transmits the motion command to the mobile robots. The mobile robot guards peoples leaving the fire sources.
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Butina, Yu V., T. V. Kudayarova, E. A. Danilova, and M. K. Islyaikin. "The prediction of the spectrum of biological activity and antimicrobial properties of diaminoazoles." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 65, no. 2 (2019): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20196502099.
Full textAbstract:
The work is devoted to predicting and studying biological properties of N-substituted analogs of 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-thiadiazole, which, in their turn, include in the composition of many drugs that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological actions. For searching of new alternative drugs with an antibacterial activity, but lacking resistance of microorganism strains to them, a computer screening of 2N-alkyl-substituted 5-amino-3-imino-1,2,4-thiadiazolines previously synthesized by us was carried out. The prediction of the spectrum of biological activity, as well as the determination of the probable toxicity of these compounds, was performed using the freely available computer programs PASS, Anti-Bac-Pred, and GUSAR. The study of the antibacterial activity in vitro against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosae) bacterial strains was performed by the disco-diffusion method. Experimental data roughly correspond to the predictions.
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Mahardika, Fitrianti, Esti Yunitasari, and Praba Rachmawati. "Systematic Review : The Effect of Intervention Rehabilitation “Computer-Based Cognitive Training Program” to Improve Cognitive Skills of Children with ADHD." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 8, no. 2 (August 15, 2021): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v8i2.art.p263-269.
Full textAbstract:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a medical condition characterized by an inability to concentrate, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. Children with ADHD tend to be careless, irritable, difficult to gather, difficult to carry out orders so it is important to treat this condition as early as possible. The purpose of this study was to analyze studies according to computer program-based cognitive rehabilitation interventions to improve the cognitive abilities of children with ADHD on empirical studies in the last five years. Journals or articles were obtained by searching in databases indexed by Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Garuda Portal using adequate keywords. The quality assessment of the study used inclusion and exclusion criteria. The framework used to conduct the review was PICOS and the inclusion criteria used English and Indonesian journals from 2015 to 2020. The data analysis and tabulation were carried out in articles or journals. Title, abstract, full text, and methodology were assessed to determine the eligibility of the article or journal. Researchers found 15 journals that match the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and passed the study selection and quality assessment. 7 journals discuss about training-based intervention programs and 8 journals discussed the game or game-based intervention programs. The 15 journals obtained came from four continents, Asia, America, Australia, and Europe. Computer-based intervention significantly improved the cognitive abilities of children with ADHD such as concentration skills, working memory, and academic learning outcomes. Modifications need to be made, among others, to facilitate parents who can not afford compatible facilities and infrastructure. In Indonesia, the modifications that are possibly made are the daily training program compared to video games.
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Kulikowska, Małgorzata, and Bożena Krasnodębska. "Techniki multimedialne w nauczaniu podstaw przedsiębiorczości." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 3 (January 1, 2007): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.3.39.
Full textAbstract:
The subject presented during the conference is The Multimedia Techniques in the Teaching Basis of Entrepreneurship’. The topic was presented with a case study of multimedia classes titled I Plan Promotional Campaign of My Business’, carried within the educational project „My Student, a Businessman With Rank”. The aim of the summary was to present activating methods of teaching with the use of Information Technology on Base of Enterprise classes. Practical use of multimedia programs and of Internet thematic sites, gives young people a chance to gain the ability to use a computer for searching necessary information. Furthermore it gives an opportunity to search, order and take advantage of information to solve a problem. The paper is an example of good practice in teaching and it confirms thesis, that it is possible to teach and to learn with enjoyment.
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Caussin, P., J. Nusinovici, and D. W. Beard. "Using Digitised X-Ray Powder Diffraction Scans as Input for a New Pc-At Search/Match Program." Advances in X-ray Analysis 31 (1987): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800022254.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractA Search/Matcti program lias 'beea written for the IBM PC AT computer that is capable of -using "background - subtracted, digitized 2-ray powder diffraction scans as inputs in addition to the d/I data traditionally used. This novel procedure has proved especially effective when numerous unresolved lines are present in the pattern. The method is also less demanding of data quality thaii the peak location programs. The program may he extended to searching & data "base of digitized standard patterns.The program, has several parameters that can- "be adjusted, including chemistry. The results from the Johnson/Vand list type of output are directly accessible to the interactive graphics program. This gives the diffraction!st a fast method for verifying the phase identification. Because of the speed of fixed point computation techniques, the 52,791 pattern file can be scanned in about 90 seconds.This paper will illustrate the utility of the program.
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FANG, JIANWEN, YINGHUA DONG, TODD D. WILLIAMS, and GERALD H. LUSHINGTON. "FEATURE SELECTION IN VALIDATING MASS SPECTROMETRY DATABASE SEARCH RESULTS." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 06, no. 01 (February 2008): 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720008003345.
Full textAbstract:
Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) combined with protein database searching has been widely used in protein identification. A validation procedure is generally required to reduce the number of false positives. Advanced tools using statistical and machine learning approaches may provide faster and more accurate validation than manual inspection and empirical filtering criteria. In this study, we use two feature selection algorithms based on random forest and support vector machine to identify peptide properties that can be used to improve validation models. We demonstrate that an improved model based on an optimized set of features reduces the number of false positives by 58% relative to the model which used only search engine scores, at the same sensitivity score of 0.8. In addition, we develop classification models based on the physicochemical properties and protein sequence environment of these peptides without using search engine scores. The performance of the best model based on the support vector machine algorithm is at 0.8 AUC, 0.78 accuracy, and 0.7 specificity, suggesting a reasonably accurate classification. The identified properties important to fragmentation and ionization can be either used in independent validation tools or incorporated into peptide sequencing and database search algorithms to improve existing software programs.
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Matysek, Anna, and Jacek Tomaszczyk. "Digital wisdom in research work." Zagadnienia Informacji Naukowej - Studia Informacyjne 58, no. 2A(116A) (December 30, 2020): 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.36702/zin.705.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose/Thesis
Digital wisdom is understood as the ability to use modern computer technology wisely to improve thinking and decision-making and to share results (Prensky, 2012a, p. 47). The aim of this article is to present selected digital tools that contribute to increasing the effectiveness of scientific research and facilitate conceptual work, information retrieval, note taking and the writing up of research.
Approach/Methods
The basic stages of the research process were distinguished, and for each of them a tool (a computer program) was selected that directly increases work efficiency and features functions that exceed human capabilities.
Results and conclusions
The latest digital tools are equipped with features that improve effectiveness at all stages of the research process. The improvement includes both speeding up completion of a task (e.g. searching for information) and showing relationships between documents or individual concepts that are barely noticeable by human standards (e.g. through the visualization of data and information).
Originality/Value
The skillful use of modern digital tools is a fundamental element of digital wisdom as computer programs and web applications significantly broaden human perception and cognitive capabilities.
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Miller, R. B., R. G. Pearson, and E. A. Wheeler. "Creation of a Large Database with Iawa Standard List Characters." IAWA Journal 8, no. 3 (1987): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001049.
Full textAbstract:
Data from the OXFORD/PRL card keys which were stored in a computerised form for the SEARCH program were converted into IAWA Standard List characters and the format for the IDENT programs to form the 'IAWAOPN' database. The characteristics of the OXFORD/ PRL card keys and the coding for the IA WA Standard List are reviewed. A computer program was written to make the initial conversion, but sub se quent editing of numerous entries was necessary on an individual basis. Some OXFORD/PRL features translated simply into IAWA/IDENT character states by converting one number to another, but the presence or absence of two or more features had to be considered for other characters. Some OXFORD/ PRL features could not be meaningfully translated into IAWA/IDENT character states. Also, many IAWA characters are coded less precisely than desirable, or had to be coded as unknowns, because the required information is not available from the card keys. Although it has limitations, which must be appreciated by its users, a large database now exists with over 3000 entries in IAWA/IDENT formal. A computer program (IAWA-SEARCH) has been developed for searching this database with a microcomputer.
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Davis, G. L., Edward F. Gilman, and Howard W. Beck. "An Electronically Based Horticultural Information Retrieval System." HortTechnology 6, no. 4 (October 1996): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.6.4.322.
Full textAbstract:
A large horticultural database and an electronic retrieval system for extension education programs were developed using compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM) and World Wide Web (WWW) as the medium for information delivery. Object-oriented database techniques were used to organize the information. Conventional retrieval techniques including hypertext, full text searching, and expert systems were integrated into a complete package for accessing information stored in the database. A multimedia user interface was developed to provide a variety of capabilities including computer graphics and high resolution digitized images. Information for the CD-ROM was gathered from extension publications that were tagged using the standard generalized markup language (SGML)-based document markup language (International Standards Organization, 1986). Combining funds from the state legislator with grants from the USDA and other institutions, the CD-ROM system has been implemented in all 67 county extension offices in Florida and is available to the public as a for-sale CD-ROM. Public access is also available to most of the database through the WWW.
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Waliczek, T. M., P. Logan, and J. M. Zajicek. "Exploring the Impact of Outdoor Environmental Activities on Children Using a Qualitative Text Data Analysis System." HortTechnology 13, no. 4 (January 2003): 684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.13.4.0684.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact of an outdoor environmental program, Math and Science in the Outdoor Classroom, on elementary grade students' creative and critical thinking, and attitudes toward math and science. Math and Science in the Outdoor Classroom is an on-campus nature program in Santa Fe, N.M. Students participated in half-day programs focusing on topics such as water, insects, soil, and weather. Twenty-one teachers from five schools volunteered 175 second through sixth graders to participate in the program and research study. Surveys were administered to students, teachers, and volunteers after completion of the program. Interview data was analyzed using QSR NUD*IST (Nonnumerical Unstructured Data Indexing Searching and Theory-building) computer-assisted qualitative data analysis system to examine respondents' perceptions of the program using Bloom's taxonomy as a theoretical framework. Results indicated that students not only learned math and science at the lower levels of Bloom's taxonomy, but were also thinking at the higher levels of synthesis and evaluation within the framework.
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Gilman, E. F., and H. Beck. "The CD-ROM–World Wide Web Hybrid." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 553D—553. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.553d.
Full textAbstract:
A large horticultural database and an electronic retrieval system for extension education programs were developed using compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM) and World Wide Web (WWW) as the medium for information delivery. Object-oriented database techniques were used to organize the information. Conventional retrieval techniques including hypertext, full text searching, and expert systems were integrated into a complete package for accessing information stored in the database. A multimedia user interface was developed to provide a variety of capabilities, including computer graphics and high-resolution digitized images. Information for the CD-ROM was gathered from extension publications that were tagged using the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) -based document markup language (International Standards Organization, 1986). Combining funds from the state legislator with grants from the USDA, and other institutions, the CD-ROM system has been implemented in all 67 county extension offices in Florida and is available to the public as a for sale CD-ROM. Public access is also available to most of the database through the WWW.
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Su, Kuo Lan, Jr Hung Guo, Cheng Yun Chung, and Cheng Yun Chung. "Fire Detection System Based-On Mobile Robots." Applied Mechanics and Materials 418 (September 2013): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.418.25.
Full textAbstract:
The paper develops a fire detection system using mobile robots, and calculates the risk values of the escaping paths using Bayesian estimated method. Mobile robots contain two types moving in the platform. One is fire detection robot (FDR) to search fire sources. The other represents the people walking in the platform autonomously. The controller of the mobile robot detects fire source using flame sensor, and receives the motion command from the supervised compute via wireless RF interface. The mobile robot transmits ID code, position and orientation information, positions of fire sources to the supervised computer via wireless RF interface, too. We program the motion path of fire detection robots to search fire sources, and uses Gauss distribution function to describe the risk values of each fire source. The supervised computer uses Bayesian estimated algorithm to calculate the relation risk value of each cross point for multiple fire sources. In the fire condition, each FDR calculates shortest displacement from the people. The assigned FDR carries the people leaving the dangerous area. Then the user interface programs the escaping paths using A* searching algorithm for mobile robots. The mobile robot guides the people (mobile robot) leaving the fire area according the programmed safety escaping path.
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Abramczyk, Jacek, and Aleksandra Prokopska. "Symmetric Shape Transformations of Folded Shell Roofs Determining Creative and Rational Shaping of Building Free Forms." Symmetry 11, no. 12 (November 22, 2019): 1438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11121438.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents an innovative approach to solving interdisciplinary problems emerging in the design process of building free forms roofed with elastically transformed corrugated shells. The effectiveness and rationality of shaping such free forms and the creativeness in searching for the parametric forms require the application of their regular and symmetric models which have to be derived from the geometric and mechanical properties of the rationally transformed subsequent folds of these shells. Simplified smooth models used for engineering developments and accurate folded models implemented for scientific research have to be created by means of unconventional methods different from those presented in classical courses. Owing to the variety of the forms of the proposed innovative reference tetrahedrons and their parametric description, the algorithms developed by the authors have to be implemented in computer programs. The rationality of the transformed roof shells, revealed in the limitation of the level of the fold’s initial stresses resulting from the shape transformation, and the attractiveness of these forms are achieved by the axial symmetry and contraction of each shell fold at its half-length. The symmetries adopted in the process of modeling such roof shells are also exploited by the discussed new method to obtain coherent unconventional general forms of entire buildings.
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le Roux, Marlon-Schylor L., Nicolas Francois V. Burger, Maré Vlok, Karl J. Kunert, Christopher A. Cullis, and Anna-Maria Botha. "EMS Derived Wheat Mutant BIG8-1 (Triticum aestivum L.)—A New Drought Tolerant Mutant Wheat Line." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 5314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22105314.
Full textAbstract:
Drought response in wheat is considered a highly complex process, since it is a multigenic trait; nevertheless, breeding programs are continuously searching for new wheat varieties with characteristics for drought tolerance. In a previous study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of a mutant known as RYNO3936 that could survive 14 days without water. In this study, we reveal another mutant known as BIG8-1 that can endure severe water deficit stress (21 days without water) with superior drought response characteristics. Phenotypically, the mutant plants had broader leaves, including a densely packed fibrous root architecture that was not visible in the WT parent plants. During mild (day 7) drought stress, the mutant could maintain its relative water content, chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and stomatal conductance, with no phenotypic symptoms such as wilting or senescence despite a decrease in soil moisture content. It was only during moderate (day 14) and severe (day 21) water deficit stress that a decline in those variables was evident. Furthermore, the mutant plants also displayed a unique preservation of metabolic activity, which was confirmed by assessing the accumulation of free amino acids and increase of antioxidative enzymes (peroxidases and glutathione S-transferase). Proteome reshuffling was also observed, allowing slow degradation of essential proteins such as RuBisCO during water deficit stress. The LC-MS/MS data revealed a high abundance of proteins involved in energy and photosynthesis under well-watered conditions, particularly Serpin-Z2A and Z2B, SGT1 and Calnexin-like protein. However, after 21 days of water stress, the mutants expressed ABC transporter permeases and xylanase inhibitor protein, which are involved in the transport of amino acids and protecting cells, respectively. This study characterizes a new mutant BIG8-1 with drought-tolerant characteristics suited for breeding programs.
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Ismail, Nor Azman, and Ann O'Brien. "WEB-BASED PERSONAL DIGITAL PHOTO COLLECTIONS: MULTIMODAL RETRIEVAL." IIUM Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (September 29, 2010): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v10i1.104.
Full textAbstract:
When personal photo collections get large retrieval of specific photos or sets of photos becomes difficult mainly due to the fairly primitive means by which they are organised. Commercial photo handling systems help but often have only elementary searching features. In this paper, we describe an interactive web-based photo retrieval system that enables personal digital photo users to accomplish photo browsing by using multimodal interaction. This system not only enables users to use mouse click input modalities but also speech input modality to browse their personal digital photos in the World Wide Web (WWW) environment. The prototype system and it architecture utilise web technology which was built using web programming scripting (JavaScript, XHTML, ASP, XML based mark-up language) and image database in order to achieve its objective. All prototype programs and data files including the user’s photo repository, profiles, dialogues, grammars, prompt, and retrieval engine are stored and located in the web server. Our approach also consists of human-computer speech dialogue based on photo browsing of image content by four main categories (Who? What? When? and Where?). Our user study with 20 digital photo users showed that the participants reacted positively to their experience with the system interactions.
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Rutkowski, Sebastian. "Management Challenges in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Telehealth and Virtual Reality." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 1261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10061261.
Full textAbstract:
For the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), early diagnosis and unconditionally correct management at the initial stage of the disease are very important when the symptoms are not yet too worrying. In this way, the progress of the disease can be slowed down, as can the occurrence of late, life-threatening symptoms. Pulmonary rehabilitation is an essential component of the management of COPD. The selection of appropriate exercises, which are determined during the classification of patients into a suitable improvement program, is of key importance in the process of rehabilitation. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in major limitations to public health care. Health systems were largely unprepared for an outbreak of this magnitude. Searching for new, attractive technologies that help patients with chronic diseases seems to be justified. This may be driven by telehealth platforms, likewise with the use of virtual reality (VR). Analysis of the available literature indicates promising effectiveness, high patient acceptance, and high motivations to undertake physical activity with the use of such a solution. Thus, the management of patients with COPD during the COVID-19 pandemic should include options for remote delivery of pulmonary rehabilitation, including home-based, telerehabilitation, and computer-based virtual programs.
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Ivanovic, Lidija, Bojana Dimic Surla, Dusan Surla, Dragan Ivanovic, Zora Konjovic, and Gordana Rudic. "Improving the discoverability of PhD student work through a CRIS system." Electronic Library 36, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-05-2016-0104.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Dissertations from the University of Novi Sad (UNS) are integrated with the research information system called the current research information system (CRIS) UNS. This paper aims to present a proposal for an extension of this system to enable the storage of student papers as prescribed by PhD study exam obligations. The proposed extension enables preservation and improves discoverability of scientific and technical works produced by students during their PhD studies. Design/methodology/approach An analysis of examination modes in accredited PhD study programs has been conducted. It was noted that students in examination modes verify the obtained results in the form of scientific and technical work. The main idea of this paper is to enable the preservation of those student results and to implement electronic services for retrieving those results by current and future PhD students to empower the development of science. Findings The proposal includes an extension of the CRIS UNS to store and publish student papers as prescribed as a PhD study exam obligation; an extension of the CERIF data model to enable storing of student papers; cataloguing student papers in the MARC 21 format; and a way to represent student papers in the Dublin Core format. Practical implications This paper can be a starting point for initiatives for the creation of institutional, regional, national and international Web portals for searching and browsing papers by PhD students. Social implications This system offers the improvement of cooperation between PhD students from different institutions and countries. Originality/value The paper presents an extension of institutional, national and international current research information system (CRIS) systems which will enable the preservation and improve discoverability of student papers produced during PhD studies. The proposed extension has been verified by its implementation within the CRIS UNS system, which also supports monitoring of the scientific competencies of students based on an automatic evaluation of published scientific results.
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Muchacka, Bożena, Jolanta Sajdera, and Magdalena Grochowalska. "Rola dziecka w interakcji ze środowiskiem społecznym w ujęciu treści dokumentów programowych wychowania przedszkolnego w Polsce w latach 1962–2018." Pedagogika Przedszkolna i Wczesnoszkolna, no. 2 (16) (2020): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20801335pbw.20.012.14107.
Full textAbstract:
The Role of the Child in Interaction with the Social Environment in Terms of the Content of the Cores Curriculum for Preschool Education in Poland in the Years 1962–2018 The subject of the article is a voice in the discussion on the construction of the goals of preschool education in subsequent years of educational reforms in Poland. The topics discussed focus on the dilemma of curricular centralization in Polish education, which creates a context of prescriptive control in the teacher’s work. The verifiably of the learning outcomes expected by the education authorities reveals its weaknesses in the assumptions concerning the child’s social upbringing. The aim of the research presented in the article is to analyze the meanings assigned to the social role of a preschool child in the context of the assumptions of preschool education curricular in the years 1962–2018. The subject of the research are the content of documents concerning the assumed goals of the child’s social education contained in the preschool education programs of 1962, 1973 and 1992 and the core curriculum of preschool education in 1999, 2008 and 2018. It was applied the qualitative approach of searching secondary sources using of computer-aided analysis in the program MaxQda. The content analysis allowed for the emergence of three types of discourses of the child’s social role. The theoretical basis for the interpretation of the results were the theories of social development by H. Garner and R. H. Schafer, through which proved inadequacy in constructing the goals of social education of a preschool child.
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Huang, Xiaoqiang, Robin Pearce, and Yang Zhang. "FASPR: an open-source tool for fast and accurate protein side-chain packing." Bioinformatics 36, no. 12 (April 7, 2020): 3758–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa234.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Motivation Protein structure and function are essentially determined by how the side-chain atoms interact with each other. Thus, accurate protein side-chain packing (PSCP) is a critical step toward protein structure prediction and protein design. Despite the importance of the problem, however, the accuracy and speed of current PSCP programs are still not satisfactory. Results We present FASPR for fast and accurate PSCP by using an optimized scoring function in combination with a deterministic searching algorithm. The performance of FASPR was compared with four state-of-the-art PSCP methods (CISRR, RASP, SCATD and SCWRL4) on both native and non-native protein backbones. For the assessment on native backbones, FASPR achieved a good performance by correctly predicting 69.1% of all the side-chain dihedral angles using a stringent tolerance criterion of 20°, compared favorably with SCWRL4, CISRR, RASP and SCATD which successfully predicted 68.8%, 68.6%, 67.8% and 61.7%, respectively. Additionally, FASPR achieved the highest speed for packing the 379 test protein structures in only 34.3 s, which was significantly faster than the control methods. For the assessment on non-native backbones, FASPR showed an equivalent or better performance on I-TASSER predicted backbones and the backbones perturbed from experimental structures. Detailed analyses showed that the major advantage of FASPR lies in the optimal combination of the dead-end elimination and tree decomposition with a well optimized scoring function, which makes FASPR of practical use for both protein structure modeling and protein design studies. Availability and implementation The web server, source code and datasets are freely available at https://zhanglab.ccmb.med.umich.edu/FASPR and https://github.com/tommyhuangthu/FASPR. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Preddie, Martha Ingrid. "Canadian Public Library Users are Unaware of Their Information Literacy Deficiencies as Related to Internet Use and Public Libraries are Challenged to Address These Needs." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 4, no. 4 (December 14, 2009): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8sp7f.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
Julien, Heidi and Cameron Hoffman. “Information Literacy Training in Canada’s Public Libraries.” Library Quarterly 78.1 (2008): 19-41.
Objective – To examine the role of Canada’s public libraries in information literacy skills training, and to ascertain the perspectives of public library Internet users with regard to their experiences of information literacy.
Design – Qualitative research using semi-structured interviews and observations.
Setting – Five public libraries in Canada.
Subjects – Twenty-eight public library staff members and twenty-five customers.
Methods – This study constituted the second phase of a detailed examination of information literacy (IL) training in Canadian public libraries. Five public libraries located throughout Canada were selected for participation. These comprised a large central branch of a public library located in a town with a population of approximately two million, a main branch of a public library in an urban city of about one million people, a public library in a town with a population of about 75,000, a library in a town of 900 people and a public library located in the community center of a Canadian First Nations reserve that housed a population of less than 100 persons. After notifying customers via signage posted in the vicinity of computers and Internet access areas, the researchers observed each patron as they accessed the Internet via library computers. Observations focused on the general physical environment of the Internet access stations, customer activities and use of the Internet, as well as the nature and degree of customer interactions with each other and with staff. Photographs were also taken and observations were recorded via field notes. The former were analyzed via qualitative content analysis while quantitative analysis was applied to the observations.
Additionally, each observed participant was interviewed immediately following Internet use. Interview questions focused on a range of issues including the reasons why customers used the Internet in public libraries, customers’ perceptions about their level of information literacy and their feelings with regard to being information literate, the nature of their exposure to IL training, the benefits they derived from such training, and their desire for further training. Public service librarians and other staff were also interviewed in a similar manner. These questions sought to ascertain staff views on the role of the public library with regard to IL training; perceptions of the need for and expected outcomes of such training; as well as the current situation pertinent to the provision of IL skills training in their respective libraries in terms of staff competencies, resource allocation, and the forms of training and evaluation. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were interpreted via qualitative content analysis through the use of NVivo software.
Main Results – Men were more frequent users of public library computers than women, outnumbering them by a ratio ranging from 2:1 to 3.4:1. Customers appeared to be mostly under the age of 30 and of diverse ethnicities. The average income of interviewed customers was less than the Canadian average.
The site observations revealed that customers were seen using the Internet mainly for the purposes of communication (e.g., e-mail, instant messaging, online dating services). Such use was observed 78 times in four of the libraries. Entertainment accounted for 43 observations in all five sites and comprised activities such as online games, music videos, and movie listings. Twenty-eight observations involved business/financial uses (e.g., online shopping, exploration of investment sites, online banking). The use of search engines (25 observations), news information (23), foreign language and forum websites (21), and word processing were less frequently observed. Notably, there were only 20 observed library-specific uses (e.g., searching online catalogues, online database and library websites). Customers reported that they used the Internet mainly for general web searching and for e-mail.
It was also observed that in general the physical environment was not conducive to computer use due to uncomfortable or absent seating and a lack of privacy. Additionally, only two sites had areas specifically designated for IL instruction.
Of the 25 respondents, 19 reported at least five years experience with the Internet, 9 of whom cited experience of 10 years or more. Self-reported confidence with the Internet was high: 16 individuals claimed to be very confident, 7 somewhat confident, and only 2 lacking in confidence. There was a weak positive correlation between years of use and individuals’ reported levels of confidence.
Customers reported interest in improving computer literacy (e.g., keyboarding ability) and IL skills (ability to use more sources of information). Some expressed a desire “to improve certain personal attitudes” (30), such as patience when conducting Internet searches. When presented with the Association of College and Research Libraries’ definition of IL, 13 (52%) of those interviewed claimed to be information literate, 8 were ambivalent, and 4 admitted to being information illiterate. Those who professed to be information literate had no particular feeling about this state of being, however 10 interviewees admitted feeling positive about being able to use the Internet to retrieve information. Most of those interviewed (15) disagreed that a paucity of IL skills is a deterrent to “accessing online information efficiently and effectively” (30). Eleven reported development of information skills through self teaching, while 8 cited secondary schools or tertiary educational institutions. However, such training was more in terms of computer technology education than IL. Eleven of the participants expressed a desire for additional IL training, 5 of whom indicated a preference for the public library to supply such training. Customers identified face-to-face, rather than online, as the ideal training format. Four interviewees identified time as the main barrier to Internet use and online access.
As regards library staff, 22 (78.6%) of those interviewed posited IL training as an important role for public libraries. Many stated that customers had been asking for formal IL sessions with interest in training related to use of the catalogue, databases, and productivity software, as well as searching the web. Two roles were identified in the context of the public librarian as a provider of IL: “library staff as teachers/agents of empowerment and library staff as ‘public parents’” (32). The former was defined as supporting independent, lifelong learning through the provision of IL skills, and the latter encompassing assistance, guidance, problem solving, and filtering of unsuitable content.
Staff identified challenges to IL training as societal challenges (e.g., need for customers to be able to evaluate information provided by the media, the public library’s role in reducing the digital divide), institutional (e.g., marketing of IL programs, staff constraints, lack of budget for IL training), infrastructural (e.g., limited space, poor Internet access in library buildings) and pedagogical challenges, such as differing views pertinent to the philosophy of IL, as well as the low levels of IL training to which Canadian students at all levels had been previously exposed.
Despite these challenges library staff acknowledged positive outcomes resulting from IL training in terms of customers achieving a higher level of computer literacy, becoming more skillful at searching, and being able to use a variety of information sources. Affective benefits were also apparent such as increased independence and willingness to learn. Library staff also identified life expanding outcomes, such as the use of IL skills to procure employment.
In contrast to customer self-perception, library staff expressed that customers’ IL skills were low, and that this resulted in their avoidance of “higher-level online research” and the inability to “determine appropriate information sources” (36). Several librarians highlighted customers’ incapacity to perform simple activities such as opening an email account. Library staff also alluded to customer’s reluctance to ask them for help.
Libraries in the study offered a wide range of training. All provided informal, personalized training as needed. Formal IL sessions on searching the catalogue, online searching, and basic computer skills were conducted by the three bigger libraries. A mix of librarians and paraprofessional staff provided the training in these libraries. However, due to a lack of professional staff, the two smaller libraries offered periodic workshops facilitated by regional librarians.
All the libraries lacked a defined training budget. Nonetheless, the largest urban library was well-positioned to offer IL training as it had a training coordinator, a training of trainers program, as well as technologically-equipped training spaces. The other libraries in this study provided no training of trainers programs and varied in terms of the adequacy of spaces allocated for the purpose of training. The libraries also varied in terms of the importance placed on the evaluation of IL training. At the largest library evaluation forms were used to improve training initiatives, while at the small town library “evaluations were done anecdotally” (38).
Conclusion – While Internet access is available and utilized by a wide cross section of the population, IL skills are being developed informally and not through formal training offered by public libraries. Canadian public libraries need to work to improve information literacy skills by offering and promoting formal IL training programs.