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Journal articles on the topic 'Sebkhas – Tunisie'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Morzadec-Kerfourn, Marie Thérèse. "L'évolution des Sebkhas du golf de Gabès (Tunisie) à la transition Pléistocène supérieur-Holocène." Quaternaire 13, no. 2 (2002): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/quate.2002.2185.

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2

ZAIBI, CHAHIRA, BURKHARD SCHARF, FINN ANDREAS VIEHBERG, DIETMAR KEYSER, and FEKRI KAMOUN. "Preliminary report on the living non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Tunisia with the description of a new Psychrodromus species." Zootaxa 3626, no. 4 (March 15, 2013): 499–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3626.4.5.

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Since 1928, Henri Gauthier has been the only zoologist to describe the extant non-marine ostracod fauna of Tunisia. In 2010, new samples of living non-marine ostracods were collected from central and southern Tunisia. A complete list of the 41 non-marine ostracods of Tunisiais presented, including the species of Gauthier’s work, published Holocene records, and new results from our field study. Historical faunal variations (El Melah Lagoon, Lac de Tunis, Sebkhas El- Guettiate and Dreîaa, and Lac Ichkeul) are briefly discussed and related to recent environmental changes. In 2006, El Melah Lagoon contained a freshwater, brackish, and a marine ostracod assemblage. In the future, this lagoon will probably dry up and become a sebkha. Lac de Tunis has developed from a marine bay over a lagoon connected to the Mediterranean Seato a brackish/freshwater environment. Sebkhas El-Guettiate and Dreîaa have developed from marine bays to dry salt flats. Lac Ichkeul is eutrophied and has become brackish since the time of Gauthier. We also describe a new species, Psychrodromus tunisicus n. sp., and present a determination key for the genus. The finding of a species of the genus Psychrodromus is the first report of this genus inNorth Africa.

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3

Marquer, L., S. Pomel, A. Abichou, E. Schulz, D. Kaniewski, and E. Van Campo. "Late Holocene high resolution palaeoclimatic reconstruction inferred from Sebkha Mhabeul, southeast Tunisia." Quaternary Research 70, no. 2 (September 2008): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.06.002.

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AbstractRelations between climate change and landscape evolution during the last two millennia in southeastern coastal Tunisia have been documented using high-resolution reconstruction of flood history and fire activity in the Sebkha Mhabeul core. The age model, based on tephrochronology, indicates that the core extends from Roman to modern times and encompasses the well-defined climatic periods of the last two millennia. This record provides a first palaeoecological/palaeoclimatic high resolution reconstruction in North Africa using a cross-disciplinary approach with both physical (grey-scale intensity, quartz particles) and biological (charcoal and pollen) indicators. The flood history shows four wet/dry cycles (ca. AD 550–950, 950–1300, 1300–1570 and 1570–1870) of different duration. Major hydrological instabilities are concentrated during the Medieval Climate Anomalies and the early Little Ice Age, between AD 1000 and 1550. Direct correlation between climate and fire cannot be established suggesting that the fire history of the Sebkha environment is mainly influenced by human activity. This study demonstrates the great value of sebkhas as palaeoenvironmental archives.

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4

Essefi, Elhoucine, Samir Mefteh, Mounir Medhioub, and Chokri Yaich. "Magnetic Study of the Heated and Unheated Sedimentary Fillings of Sebkha Mhabeul, Southeast Tunisia: A Geophysical Method for Paleoclimatic Investigation and Tephrochronological Dating." International Journal of Geophysics 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/908395.

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This paper is meant to investigate the climatic and volcanic signals within the sedimentary filling of sebkha Mhabeul through a thermomagnetic study of a 37 cm length core. Values of the magnetic susceptibility at ambient temperature show that the core encompasses four climatic stages: the Warming Present (WP), the Little Ice Age (Late LIA), Early Little Ice Age (ELIA), and the Medieval Climate Anomalies (MCA). Added to the subcycles, the spectral analysis shows the individualization of an 888 yr cycle probably related to solar activity. The heating at 250°C is good-for-nothing since it was useful neither for climatic investigation nor for tephras layers detection. Heating at 700°C generated the complete loss of the climatic signal. On the other hand, it allowed the detection of the previously identified tephras layers. Further, it highlighted the presence of other tephras layers. The extraction by the bromoform confirms the presence of these tephras. The use of the same methodology may allow the detection of tephras layers within other sebkhas.

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5

Brahim, Fawzi. "Évolution de la paléolagune-sebkha d’Ennjila et de ses environs (Sahel tunisien – Tunisie orientale)." Méditerranée, no. 125 (November 1, 2015): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mediterranee.7928.

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6

Chaggar, Meriem, and Mohsen Boubaker. "IDENTIFICATION OF NEW ICONIC OBJECTS FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF HERGLA (TUNISIA)." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 12 (March 23, 2020): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i12.2018.332.

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This paper discusses the issue of territorial identity by facing globalization in Hergla's delegation. In order to requalify the “image of the city”, amulticriteria analysis of the landscape units ofthe “El Medfoun” forest and the Sebkha “Halk El Menjel” has been developed to detect symbol indices of change for a new “territorial landscaping”. These natural areas were identified as new iconic objects. Indeed, the Sebkha and the forest, carrying ecological, patrimonial, social and economic values, may be integrated into a territorial project, through of landscape geomediation practices. These values are considered as identity factors for the sustainable development of Hergla delegation.

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7

Essefi, Elhoucine, and Mohamed Ali Tagorti. "Geoeconomic interest of minerals assemblage of sebkha El Melah, southeastern Tunisia." Water Practice and Technology 16, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 633–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2021.004.

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Abstract This work aimed to study the formation of salt through a progressive evaporation of sebkha El Melah brine. The precipitated salt in the case of sebkha El Melah is variable along the progressive evaporation. Weights of salt after each phase of precipitation indicate a heterogeneous evaporation process cumulating at 315 g L−1. With an increasing evaporation of El Melah brine, the number of precipitated mineral species increased. The cumulative number of species along the evaporation process reached 20, including principally: Halite (NaCl) (73–95%), epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O) (7–14%), bischofite (MgCl2:6H2O) (1%), Kieserite Mg(SO4)(H2O) (0–2%), magnesite (MgCO3) (1–4%), polyhalite (K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4,2H2O). Also, the thermodynamic theoretical modeling of the El Melah brine shows convergence with geochemical and mineralogical experimental data. At an evaporation rate of 60%, the sebkha of El Melah annually provides with 315,000 tons of salt. The majority of salt (80%) is halite. The remaining 20% contains different species having a huge economic interest. From an industrial viewpoint, our study shows that the purity of halite is guaranteed at low rates of evaporation. Evaporation between 50 and 75% produces a mixture dominated by halite. Evaporation higher than 75% needs further studies to find the mineralogical composition and the phase of each mineral precipitation. The saline system of El Melah represents a geoeconomic interest due to the cheap natural process of production, its large quantity of halite with varieties of other accessory minerals, and cheap procedure of exportation.

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8

Najjari, Afef, Mostafa S. Elshahed, Ameur Cherif, and Noha H. Youssef. "Patterns and Determinants of Halophilic Archaea (Class Halobacteria) Diversity in Tunisian Endorheic Salt Lakes and Sebkhet Systems." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 13 (April 24, 2015): 4432–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01097-15.

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ABSTRACTWe examined the diversity and community structure of members of the halophilicArchaea(classHalobacteria) in samples from central and southern Tunisian endorheic salt lakes and sebkhet (also known as sebkha) systems using targeted 16S rRNA gene diversity survey and quantitative PCR (qPCR) approaches. Twenty-three different samples from four distinct locations exhibiting a wide range of salinities (2% to 37%) and physical characteristics (water, salt crust, sediment, and biofilm) were examined. A total of 4,759 operational taxonomic units at the 0.03 (species-level) cutoff (OTU0.03s) belonging to 45 currently recognized genera were identified, with 8 to 43 genera (average, 30) identified per sample. In spite of the large number of genera detected per sample, only a limited number (i.e., 2 to 16) usually constituted the majority (≥80%) of encountered sequences.Halobacteriadiversity showed a strong negative correlation to salinity (Pearson correlation coefficient = −0.92), and community structure analysis identified salinity, rather than the location or physical characteristics of the sample, as the most important factor shaping theHalobacteriacommunity structure. The relative abundance of genera capable of biosynthesis of the compatible solute(s) trehalose or 2-sulfotrehalose decreased with increasing salinities (Pearson correlation coefficient = −0.80). Indeed, qPCR analysis demonstrated that theHalobacteriaotsB(trehalose-6-phosphatase)/16S rRNA gene ratio decreases with increasing salinities (Pearson correlation coefficient = −0.87). The results highlight patterns and determinants ofHalobacteriadiversity at a previously unexplored ecosystem and indicate that genera lacking trehalose biosynthetic capabilities are more adapted to growth in and colonization of hypersaline (>25% salt) ecosystems than trehalose producers.

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9

Boujelben, Abdelkarim, Vincent Lebreton, and Mohamed Raouf Karray. "Dynamique lacustre Holocène dans la sebkha al Kalbiyya(Tunisie centre orientale)." Quaternaire, no. 28/2 (May 29, 2017): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.8138.

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10

Kbir-Ariguib, Najia, Dalila Ben Hassan Chehimi, and Lotfi Zayani. "Treatment of Tunisian salt lakes using solubility phase diagrams." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): 761–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173050761.

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The Tunisian salt lakes are considered as an important materials resource useful for industry and agriculture. They are called sebkhat or chott, and they cover a large part of Tunisian land. Their brines correspond to the quinary system: Na+, K+, Mg2+ / Cl, SO42H2O. In the first part of this paper, a short description and abstracted geochemical and economical data about some Tunisian salt lakes are given. In the second part, the fitting equations used for modeling the quinary system are established and applied to the subsystems NaClKClH2O, NaClMgCl2H2O, KClMgCl2H2O, and to NaClNa2SO4H2 O, KClK2SO4H2 O, Na2SO4K2SO 4H2O. The coherence between the calculated and the experimental diagrams is discussed.

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11

Jaouadi, Sahbi, Vincent Lebreton, Viviane Bout-Roumazeilles, Giuseppe Siani, Rached Lakhdar, Ridha Boussoffara, Laurent Dezileau, Nejib Kallel, Beya Mannai-Tayech, and Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout. "Environmental changes, climate and anthropogenic impact in south-east Tunisia during the last 8 kyr." Climate of the Past 12, no. 6 (June 15, 2016): 1339–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1339-2016.

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Abstract. Pollen and clay mineralogical analyses of a Holocene sequence from Sebkha Boujmel (southern Tunisia) trace the climatic and environmental dynamics in the lower arid bioclimatic zone over the last 8000 years. During the mid- to late Holocene transition, between ca. 8 and 3 ka BP, a succession of five wet–dry oscillations is recorded. An intense arid event occurs between ca. 5.7 and 4.6 ka BP. This episode marks the onset of a long-term aridification trend with a progressive retreat of Mediterranean woody xerophytic vegetation and of grass steppes. It ends with the establishment of pre-desert ecosystems around 3 ka BP. The millennial-scale climate change recorded in the data from Sebkha Boujmel is consistent with records from the south and east Mediterranean, as well as with climatic records from the desert region for the end of the African Humid Period (AHP). Eight centennial climatic events are recorded at Sebkha Boujmel and these are contemporary with those recorded in the Mediterranean and in the Sahara. They indicate a clear coupling between the southern Mediterranean and the Sahara before 3 ka BP. The event at 4.2 ka BP is not evidenced and the link between events recorded in Sebkha Boujmel and the North Atlantic cooling events is clearer from ca. 3 ka BP onwards. These variations indicate the importance of climatic determinism in the structuring of landscapes, with the establishment of the arid climatic conditions of the late Holocene. It is only from ca. 3 ka BP onwards that the dynamic of plant associations is modified by both human activity and climatic variability. The climatic episodes identified during the historic period indicate strong regionalisation related to the differential impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Mediterranean Oscillation (MO) on the Mediterranean Basin. The local human impact on regional ecosystems is recorded in the form of episodes of intensification of pastoral and/or agricultural activities. The development of olive production and of several taxa associated with agriculture attest to increasing sedentism among human populations during classical antiquity. The significant increase in Artemisia (wormwood) between ca. 1.1 and 0.8 ka BP (850–1150 AD) is linked to intensive pastoral activity, associated with heightened interannual and/or seasonal climatic instability. A complete reshaping of the landscape is recorded during the 20th century. The remarkable expansion of the olive tree, and the deterioration of regional ecosystems with the spread of desert species, is linked to recent local socio-economic changes in Tunisia.

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12

Chabbi, Iness, Moez Bahloul, Rim Dammak, and Chafai Azri. "DUST PARTICLE DEPOSITION QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN RURAL AREAS LOCATED NOT FAR FROM A CONGESTED HIGHWAY AND SEVERAL SEBKHAS: CASE OF MONASTIR REGION, EASTERN TUNISIA." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 26, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 141–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2017.1378221.

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In order to better understand the processes of removing atmospheric particles to the surface, dry particle deposition in Monastir region (eastern Tunisia) has been studied. As a first step, a biweekly monitoring of the particulate deposits was carried out in 26 sites from January to August, 2012. Secondly, two particular sites were investigated from October, 2014 to August, 2015. A very high fluctuation in those particle fluxes, ranging from 0.560 to 2.210 g/m2/14days, was clearly observed. The spatial distribution of particulate deposits shows a growing trend from rural to urban (coastal) areas depending on nearby sources (brickyards and clay quarries, road traffic and sebkhas) and meteorological factors (including precipitation and wind speed). The combined geochemical-statistical study of the particulate deposits elementary fluxes (Cl-, Na+, K+, Ca++, Fe(2,3)+, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn and Cu) at the two observed rural and urban sites show a non-negligible impact of the anthropogenic component attributed to metals (Pb, Mn, Zn, and Cu). It is linked to the simultaneous effect of the urban (mainly road) activities in the Eastern part of the region and the intense fluidity of the motorway and railway in its Western part. The importance of the chlorine contributions of the terrigenous circulation has been attributed to the effect of sebkhas. The phenomenon of dust resuspension in agricultural areas, clay storage near brickyards and unbuilt sites has also been highlighted. The lowest biweekly elementary fluxes are probably due to the effect of rainfall periods which causes atmospheric whash-out.

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13

Ayache, F., A. M. Gammar, and M. Chaouach. "Environmental dynamics and conservation of the flamingo in the vicinity of Greater Tunis, Tunisia: the case study of Sebkha Essijoumi." Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 31, no. 13 (2006): 1674–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1438.

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14

Abdeljabbar, HEDI, ESSGHAIER Badiaa, CAYOL Jean-Luc, FARDEAU Marie-Laure, and SADFI Najla. "Prokaryotic biodiversity of halophilic microorganisms isolated from Sehline Sebkha Salt Lake (Tunisia)." African Journal of Microbiology Research 8, no. 4 (January 22, 2014): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajmr12.1087.

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15

Essefi, Elhoucine. "Geochemistry and mineralogy of the sebkha Oum El Khialate evaporites mixtures, southeastern Tunisia." Resource Geology 71, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rge.12264.

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16

Hollis, G. E., and M. R. Kallel. "Modelling Natural and Man-Induced Hydrological Changes on Sebkhet Kelbia, Tunisia." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 11, no. 1 (1986): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/622073.

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17

DUPLAY, JOËLLE, SLIM KHEDHIRI, KHADIJA SEMHI, and FADILA DARRAGI. "Water quality in a protected natural wetland: El Kelbia sebkhet, Tunisia." International Journal of Environmental Studies 70, no. 1 (February 2013): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2012.747249.

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18

Schulz, E., A. Abichou, T. Hachicha, S. Pomel, U. Salzmann, and K. Zouari. "Sebkhas as ecological archives and the vegetation and landscape history of southeastern Tunisia during the last two millennia." Journal of African Earth Sciences 34, no. 3-4 (April 2002): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5362(02)00021-0.

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19

Turki, Souad, Abderrazak Mastouri, Fourat Akrout, Noura Balti, Intissar Baouech, and Ridha M’rabet. "Potential impacts of sebkhet Ariana rainfall discharges on the trophic state of the coastal zone of Raoued (Gulf of Tunis, Tunisia)." Desalination 246, no. 1-3 (September 2009): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.03.058.

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20

Ben Ameur, Mariem, Sameh Masmoudi, Abdelhakim Abichou, Mounir Medhioub, and Chokri Yaich. "Use of the magnetic, geochemical, and sedimentary records in establishing paleoclimate change in the environment of Sebkha: Case of the Sebkha Mhabeul in southeastern Tunisia." Comptes Rendus Geoscience 351, no. 7 (October 2019): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2019.10.003.

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21

Chouari, Walid. "Spatialisation et Analyse du Risque d’Inondation dans le Bassin versant de la Sebkha de l’Ariana (Tunisie Nord-orientale)." Bulletin de la Société de Géographie d'Egypte 89, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 123–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/bsge.2016.90344.

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22

Chairi, Raja. "Etude du remplissage sédimentaire d’un système hypersalin de la Tunisie orientale au cours du Quaternaire récent : la sebkha de Moknine." Quaternaire, no. 16/2 (August 1, 2005): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.328.

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23

Fezei, Radouanne, Halim Hammi, and Adel M’nif. "Extractive process for preparing high purity magnesium chloride hexahydrate." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 18, no. 1 (2012): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq110815049f.

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This paper refers a method for the preparation of magnesium chloride hexahydrate (bischofite) from Sebkha el Melah of Zarzis Tunisian natural brine. It is a five-stage process essentially based on crystallization by isothermal evaporation and chemical precipitation. The two first steps were dedicated to the crystallization of sodium chloride and potassiummagnesium double salts, respectively. Then, the resulting liquor was desulfated using calcium chloride solution. After that another isothermal evaporation stage was implemented in order to eliminate potassium ions in the form of carnallite, KCl.MgCl2.6H2O. At the end of this step, the recovered solution primarily composed of magnesium and chloride ions was treated by dioxan in order to precipitate magnesium chloride as MgCl2.6H2O.C4H8O2. This compound dried at constant temperature of 100?C gave good quality magnesium chloride hexahydrate. Besides this salt, the various by-products obtained from the different treatment stages are also useful.

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24

Jaouani, Atef, Mohamed Neifar, Valeria Prigione, Amani Ayari, Imed Sbissi, Sonia Ben Amor, Seifeddine Ben Tekaya, Giovanna Cristina Varese, Ameur Cherif, and Maher Gtari. "Diversity and Enzymatic Profiling of Halotolerant Micromycetes from Sebkha El Melah, a Saharan Salt Flat in Southern Tunisia." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/439197.

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Twenty-one moderately halotolerant fungi have been isolated from sample ashes collected from Sebkha El Melah, a Saharan salt flat located in southern Tunisia. Based on morphology and sequence inference from the internal transcribed spacer regions, 28S rRNA gene and other specific genes such asβ-tubulin, actin, calmodulin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, the isolates were found to be distributed over 15 taxa belonging to 6 genera of Ascomycetes:Cladosporium(n=3),Alternaria(n=4),Aspergillus(n=3),Penicillium(n=5),Ulocladium(n=2), andEngyodontium(n=2). Their tolerance to different concentrations of salt in solid and liquid media was examined. ExceptingCladosporium cladosporioidesJA18, all isolates were considered as alkali-halotolerant since they were able to grow in media containing 10% of salt with an initial pH 10. All isolates were resistant to oxidative stresses and low temperature whereas 5 strains belonging toAlternaria,Ulocladium,andAspergillusgenera were able to grow at 45°C. The screening of fungal strains for sets of enzyme production, namely, cellulase (CMCase), amylase, protease, lipase, and laccase, in presence of 10% NaCl, showed a variety of extracellular hydrolytic and oxidative profiles. Protease was the most abundant enzyme produced whereas laccase producers were members of the genusCladosporium.

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25

Essefi, Elhoucine. "Geoeconomic Interest Versus Environmental and Health Issues of the Mineralogical Assemblage of Sebkha Oum El Khialate, Southeastern Tunisia." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 46, no. 6 (February 15, 2021): 5835–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-05244-5.

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26

Essefi, Elhoucine, Jamel Touir, Mohamed Ali Tagorti, and Chokri Yaich. "Record of the Climatic Variability and the Sedimentary Dynamics during the Last Two Millennia at Sebkha Dkhila, Eastern Tunisia." ISRN Geology 2013 (July 15, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/936198.

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This paper aimed to study the record of the climatic variability during the last two millennia within the sebkha of Dkhila. Six climatic stages were recognized along the 104 cm core: the Warming Present (WP), the Late Little Ice Age (Late LIA), the Early Little Ice Age (ELIA), the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (MCA), the Dark Age (DA), and the Roman Warm Period (RWP). The WP stretches along the uppermost 1 cm with a high grey scale as sign of a dry climate. The Late LIA is located between 1 cm and 6 cm. The ELIA is located between 6 cm and 40 cm. The MCA spanning from 40 cm to 72 cm is marked by a sharp increase of the GS revealing a wet period. The DA appears along the part between 72 cm and 84 cm; a shift from light to dark sediments is recorded. The RWP appears between 84 cm and 104 cm. Based on the grain size distribution, two low frequency cycles were identified indicating radical global changes of climatic conditions, the differential tectonics, and the groundwater fluctuations. On the other hand, high frequency cycles indicate local modifications of the climatic conditions.

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27

Zaïbi, Chahira, Pierre Carbonel, Fekri Kamoun, Michel Fontugne, Chafai Azri, Younès Jedoui, and Mabrouk Montacer. "Evolution of the sebkha Dreîaa (South-Eastern Tunisia, Gulf of Gabes) during the Late Holocene: Response of ostracod assemblages." Revue de Micropaléontologie 55, no. 3 (July 2012): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmic.2012.03.003.

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28

Abdeljabbar, Hedi, Jean-Luc Cayol, Wajdi Ben Hania, Abdellatif Boudabous, Najla Sadfi, and Marie-Laure Fardeau. "Halanaerobium sehlinense sp. nov., an extremely halophilic, fermentative, strictly anaerobic bacterium from sediments of the hypersaline lake Sehline Sebkha." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_6 (June 1, 2013): 2069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.040139-0.

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A strictly anaerobic, extremely halophilic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the hypersaline (>20 % NaCl) surface sediments of Sehline Sebkha in Tunisia. The strain, designated 1SehelT, was strictly halophilic and proliferated at NaCl concentrations of between 5 % and 30 % (saturation), with optimal growth at 20 % NaCl. Strain 1SehelT was non-spore-forming, non-motile, appearing singly or in pairs, or occasionally as long chains and measured 0.5–0.8 µm by 3–10 µm. Strain 1SehelT grew optimally at pH values of 7.4 but had a very broad pH range for growth (pH 5.2–9.4). It grew at temperatures between 20 and 50 °C with an optimum at 43 °C. Strain 1SehelT required yeast extract for growth. The isolate fermented glucose, galactose, fructose, glycerol, mannose, maltose, ribose, pyruvate and sucrose. The fermentation products from glucose utilization were lactate, acetate, formate, ethanol, CO2 and H2. The G+C ratio of the DNA was 32.7 mol%. The major fatty acids were C15 : 1ω6c/7c, C16 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and C15 : 0. On the basis of phylogenetic and physiological properties, strain 1SehelT ( = DSM 25582T = JCM 18213T) is proposed as the type strain of Halanaerobium sehlinense sp. nov., within the family Halanaerobiaceae .

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Essefi, Elhoucine, Mohamed Ali Tagorti, Jamel Touir, and Chokri Yaich. "Hydrocarbons Migration through Groundwater Convergence toward Saline Depressions: A Case Study, Sidi El Hani Discharge Playa, Tunisian Sahel." ISRN Environmental Chemistry 2013 (October 30, 2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/709190.

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This paper aims to provide proofs of hydrocarbons migration from petroleum reservoirs towards the surface of discharge playas. This is a case study of the discharge playa of Sidi El Hani, eastern Tunisia. The geochemistry of water of some hydrological drills in the Sahel area and of water from the discharge playa proves relatedness between the deep aquifer and the water of the discharge playa. Thus, the hydrology is now more than likely converging from the subsurface. This convergence may be an agent of transport of hydrocarbons. Concerning the organic matter within the discharge playa, high percentages of different fractions seem abnormal in such a saline context. This maturated organic matter should be viewed in the widest context of a multidisciplinary study taking into account the presence of petroleum potentials in the subsurface, the converging hydrogeology, and the tectonised region. The high percentage of Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbon (APH) may be the result of hydrocarbons migration rather than anthropogenic pollution. As for the reinterpretation of previous works about the organic matter in playas done in sebkha Moknine, the contaminated organic matter, which was interpreted as a human induced activity, may have another origin from a reservoir located in the subsurface of the Sahel area.

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30

Lebreton, Vincent, Sahbi Jaouadi, Simone Mulazzani, Abdelkarim Boujelben, Lotfi Belhouchet, Amor Mokhtar Gammar, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Jean-François Saliège, Mohamed Raouf Karray, and Eric Fouache. "Early oleiculture or native wildOleain eastern Maghreb: new pollen data from the sebkha-lagoon Halk el Menjel (Hergla, Central Tunisia)." Environmental Archaeology 20, no. 3 (November 7, 2014): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1749631414y.0000000046.

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Wali, Ahmed, Atsushi Kawachi, Mohamed Seddik Mahmoud Bougi, Hamed Ben Dhia, Hiroko Isoda, Maki Tsujimura, and Mohamed Ksibi. "Effects of Metal Pollution on Sediments in a Highly Saline Aquatic Ecosystem: Case of the Moknine Continental Sebkha (Eastern Tunisia)." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 94, no. 4 (February 8, 2015): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1469-9.

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Sellami, Imene, Guy Charmantier, Hachem B. Naceur, Adnane Kacem, and Catherine Lorin-Nebel. "Osmoregulatory performance and immunolocalization of Na+/K+-ATPase in the branchiopod Artemia salina from the Sebkha of Sidi El Hani (Tunisia)." Tissue and Cell 63 (April 2020): 101340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tice.2020.101340.

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Sellami, Imene, Hachem Ben Naceur, and Adnane Kacem. "Reproductive performance in successive generations of the brine shrimp Artemia salina (Crustacea: Anostraca) from the Sebkha of Sidi El Hani (Tunisia)." Animal Reproduction Science 225 (February 2021): 106692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106692.

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Sellami, Imene, Hachem Ben Naceur, and Adnane Kacem. "Study of Cysts Biometry and Hatching Percentage of the Brine Shrimp Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Sebkha of Sidi El Hani (Tunisia) According to Successive Generations." Aquaculture Studies 21, no. 1 (December 17, 2020): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v21_1_05.

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Artemia salina cysts harvested from the Sebkha of Sidi El Hani were hatched and cultivated in the laboratory. The obtained nauplii were acclimated at 90 ppt and fed with Dunaliella salina microalgae until the adult stage called generation 1 (G1) was reached. Ten couples were isolated and acclimated in the same conditions. Observations of the offspring lasted for a maximum of 60 days. Cysts obtained from G1 were collected and counted. Cyst diameter, chorion thickness and hatching percentage were established. Nauplii obtained from G1 were labelled G2. The third (G3) and the fourth (G4) generations were studied similarly. A significant variation of untreated cyst diameter between G1 (234.7±14.1 µm) and the subsequent generations, notably G3 (210.9±14 µm) were registered. Decapsulated cyst diameter delayed significantly from 218.5±12.8 (G1) to 190.8±10.1 (G3). The chorion thickness ranged between 8.1 (G1) and 10.5 (G2). Therefore, an interesting boost of untreated cysts hatching percentage was observed from 69±2.3% (G1) to 76±3.7% (G4). These results highlighted the variability of cyst diameter across successive generations, even cultivated under laboratory scale. An improvement of hatching quality was detected when environmental conditions became favorable.

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Hmidi, Dorsaf, Dorsaf Messedi, Claire Corratgï¿½-Faillie, Thï¿½o Marhuenda, Cï¿½cile Fizames, Walid Zorrig, Chedly Abdelly, Hervï¿½ Sentenac, and Anne-Aliï¿½nor Vï¿½ry. "Investigation of Na+ and K+ Transport in Halophytes: Functional Analysis of the HmHKT2;1 Transporter from Hordeum maritimum and Expression under Saline Conditions." Plant and Cell Physiology 60, no. 11 (July 11, 2019): 2423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcz136.

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Abstract Control of K+ and Na+ transport plays a central role in plant adaptation to salinity. In the halophyte Hordeum maritimum, we have characterized a transporter gene, named HmHKT2;1, whose homolog HvHKT2;1 in cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare, was known to give rise to increased salt tolerance when overexpressed. The encoded protein is strictly identical in two H. maritimum ecotypes, from two biotopes (Tunisian sebkhas) affected by different levels of salinity. These two ecotypes were found to display distinctive responses to salt stress in terms of biomass production, Na+ contents, K+ contents and K+ absorption efficiency. Electrophysiological analysis of HmHKT2;1 in Xenopus oocytes revealed distinctive properties when compared with HvHKT2;1 and other transporters from the same group, especially a much higher affinity for both Na+ and K+, and an Na+–K+ symporter behavior in a very broad range of Na+ and K+ concentrations, due to reduced K+ blockage of the transport pathway. Domain swapping experiments identified the region including the fifth transmembrane segment and the adjacent extracellular loop as playing a major role in the determination of the affinity for Na+ and the level of K+ blockage in these HKT2;1 transporters. The analysis (quantitative reverse transcription-PCR; qRT-PCR) of HmHKT2;1 expression in the two ecotypes submitted to saline conditions revealed that the levels of HmHKT2;1 transcripts were maintained constant in the most salt-tolerant ecotype whereas they decreased in the less tolerant one. Both the unique functional properties of HmHKT2;1 and the regulation of the expression of the encoding gene could contribute to H. maritimum adaptation to salinity.

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Ferchichi, Selma, Kamel Hessini, Emilia Dell'Aversana, Luisa D'Amelia, Pasqualina Woodrow, Loredana F. Ciarmiello, Amodio Fuggi, and Petronia Carillo. "Hordeum vulgare and Hordeum maritimum respond to extended salinity stress displaying different temporal accumulation pattern of metabolites." Functional Plant Biology 45, no. 11 (2018): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp18046.

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Hordeum maritimum With. (= H. marinum Huds. subsp. marinum, 2n = 14) is a wild cereal present in the saline depressions of the Soliman and Kelbia Sebkhas, which contributes significantly to annual biomass production in Tunisia. This species is able to tolerate high NaCl concentrations at the seedling stage without showing symptoms of toxicity; however, the tolerance strategy mechanisms of this plant have not yet been unravelled. Our metabolite analysis, performed on leaves of H. maritimum during extended stress in comparison with Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Lamsi, has revealed an adaptive response of the wild species based on a different temporal accumulation pattern of ions and compatible metabolites. Further, wild and cultivated genotypes with contrasting salt-tolerant behaviour display different pattern of metabolites when salt stress is prolonged over 2 weeks. In particular, when exposed to up to 3 weeks of 200 mM NaCl salt stress, H. maritimum is able to maintain lower leaf concentrations of sodium and chloride, and higher concentrations of potassium compared with H. vulgare. This likely restricts sodium entry into plants at the root level, and uses the toxic ions, glycine betaine and low levels of proline for osmotic adjustment. Under prolonged stress, the accumulation of proline increases, reaching the highest levels in concomitance with the decrease of potassium to sodium ratio, the increase of hydrogen peroxide and decrease of chlorophylls. The modulation of proline accumulation over time can be interpreted as an adaptive response to long-term salinity. Moreover, once synthetised glycine betaine is transported but not metabolised, it can contribute together with proline to osmotically balance H. maritimum leaves and protect them from oxidative stress. The 2–3 week delay of H. maritimum in showing the symptoms of stress and damages compared with H. vulgare could be important in the survival of plants when soil salinity is not a permanent condition, but just a transient state of stress.

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Jaouadi, Sahbi, Vincent Lebreton, Beya Mannai-Tayech, Rached Lakhdar, and Mohamed Soussi. "Apport de l’analyse pollinique des sédiments de la sebkha Boujmel (Sud-Est tunisien) à la reconstitution des paléopaysages et paléoclimats holocènes en milieu aride." Méditerranée, no. 125 (November 1, 2015): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mediterranee.7891.

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Zaîbi, Chahira, Pierre Carbonel, Fekri Kamoun, Chafai Azri, Amira Kharroubi, Néjib Kallel, Younès Jedoui, Mabrouk Montacer, and Michel Fontugne. "Évolution du trait de côte à l’Holocène supérieur dans la Sebkha El-Guettiate de Skhira (Golfe de Gabès, Tunisie) à travers sa faune d’ostracodes et de foraminifères." Geobios 44, no. 1 (January 2011): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geobios.2010.11.002.

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Perthuisot, J. P., S. Castanier, and A. Maurin. "La huntite (CaMg <sub>3</sub> (CO <sub>3</sub> ) <sub>4</sub> ) de la Sebkha el Melah (Zarzis, Tunisie); un exemple de microbiodiagenese carbonatogene." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France VI, no. 4 (July 1, 1990): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.vi.4.657.

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Chairi, Raja, and Saadi Abdeljaouad. "Étude environnementale et géomorphologique des Sebkhas de Gotaia et Eliane en relation avec l’évolution de la Sebkha de Moknine (Tunisie orientale)." Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement 25, no. 2 (September 30, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/geomorphologie.13086.

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41

Mahdhi, Abdelkarim, Concetta Messina, Fathi Kamoun, Andrea Santulli, and Amina Bakhrouf. "Determination of biological characteristics of Tunisian Artemia salina populations." Biologia 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11756-011-0149-4.

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AbstractIn this study, Artemia salina cysts collected from four Tunisian hypersaline environments were characterized using biometrical, biological and biochemical descriptors. Biometrical analysis revealed that the mean diameter value ranged from 220.25 to 237.76 μm, for the untreated cysts, from 199 to 224.52 μm for decapsulated cysts and that the chorion thickness ranged from 6.62 to 10.58 μm. 48 h after hatching, Artemia from Sebkha El Meleh, Sebha Moknine, Sfax saltworks and Sahline saltworks presented a hatching percentage of 52.7%, 53.75%, 70.16% and 43.74%, respectively. The length of the freshly hatched instar I nauplii varied from 429 to 449.34 μm. The fatty acids profile showed that the n-3 series was strongly dominant in the samples collected from Sebkha Moknine and Sfax saltworks, representing a percentage ranging from 17.92% to 22.45% of the total fatty acids. The data collected in this study can be useful to add new information on biological and biochemical characterization of Artemia strains present in Tunisia. On the basis of fatty acid profile, the Artemia strains collected from Sahline saltworks, Sfax saltworks and Sebkha El Meleh can be as classified as “marine” type, and that from Sebha of Moknine as “freshwater” type.

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Essefi, Elhoucine, Hayet Ben Jmaa, Jamel Touir, Mohamed Ali Tagortig, and Chokri Yaicha. "Variability to sedimentary dynamics and climatic conditions during the last two millennia at sebkha Souassi in eastern Tunisia." Papers on Global Change IGBP 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/igbp-2013-0001.

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AbstractThis paper covers work intended to study the interplay of sedimentary dynamics and climatic variability over the last two millennia within Tunisia’s sebkha Souassi. Based on the Visual Core Description, and magnetic susceptibility, we date the core from sebkha Souassi to the last two millennia. Genetic grain-size distribution then provided a basis for the identification of six climatic stages, i.e. the Warming Present (WP), the Late Little Ice Age (Late LIA), the Early Little Ice Age (ELIA), the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (MCA), the Dark Ages (DA), and the Roman Warm Period (RWP). The WP stretches across the uppermost 3 cm, with a high grey scale indicating a dry climate. The Late LIA is located between 3 and 7 cm, and the ELIA between 7 and 28 cm. Intermediate values for GS indicate that this stage may be classified as moderate. The MCA spanning from 28 to 40 cm is marked by a sharp decrease in GS indicative of a wet period. The DA appear along the part between 40 and 79 cm, a shift from light to dark sediments being recorded. The RWP in turn appears between 79 and 114 cm. Based on the grain-size distribution, two low-frequency cycles were identified, indicating radical global changes in climatic conditions, differential tectonics and groundwater fluctuations. High-frequency cycles in turn attest to local modifications of climatic conditions.

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Chaieb, Ghassen, Chedly Abdelly, and Richard Michalet. "A Regional Assessment of Changes in Plant–Plant Interactions Along Topography Gradients in Tunisian Sebkhas." Ecosystems, October 6, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-020-00567-8.

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"Évolution morphologique quaternaire d'un bassin fermé en milieu continental (Sebkhet Mechiguig, Tunisie centrale)." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 81–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0372-8854/2009/0053-0081.

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Chouari, Walid. "Occupation des sols et morphodynamique récente dans le bassin versant de la sebkha de l’Ariana (Tunisie Nord-orientale)." Confins, no. 24 (July 21, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/confins.10269.

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B, Elhoucine Essefia. "Spectral Analysis of a Core from the Sebkha of Sidi Mansour, Southern Tunisia: The Holocene Cyclostratigraphy." Journal of Geophysics & Remote Sensing 04, no. 02 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2169-0049.1000141.

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Essefia B, Elhoucine, Najoua Gharsallia B, and Sabrine Kalabi AB. "Spectral Analysis of a Core from the Sebkha of Sidi Mansour, Southern Tunisia: The Holocene Cyclostratigraphy." Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS 4, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2469-4134.1000141.

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Chairi, Raja. "Biomarkers on Sediments in a Highly Saline Aquatic Ecosystem: Case of the Moknine Continental Sebkha (Eastern Tunisia)." Journal of Coastal Zone Management 21, no. 2 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350.1000463.

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Ben Ameur, Mariem, Sameh Masmoudi, and Chokri Yaich. "Flood and sandstorm events recorded in holocene sebkha deposits in Southeastern Tunisia: Evidence from magnetic and geochemical properties." Quaternary International, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.09.006.

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Essefi, Elhoucine, Narjes Ben Smida, Ibtissem Jandoubi, Mohamed Ali Othmani, and Mohamed Ali Tagorti. "Progressive evaporation of brine of sebkha Mchiguig, central Tunisia: a geo-economical comparative study of salt and brine." Carbonates and Evaporites 35, no. 2 (May 23, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13146-020-00592-7.

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