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Journal articles on the topic 'Secamone'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Klackenberg, Jens. "Two New Species of Secamone (Apocynaceae, Secamoneae) from Madagascar." Novon 10, no. 3 (2000): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3393102.

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2

Goyder, D. J., and N. P. Singh. "Lectotypification of Periploca secamone and Secamone thunbergii (Asclepiadaceae)." TAXON 40, no. 4 (1991): 629–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1222777.

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3

Sekandi, Peter, Jane Namukobe, Jane Namukobe, et al. "Bioactive secondary metabolites from the leaves of Secamone africana (Olive.) Bullock." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 5 (2020): 1820–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i5.25.

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Secamone africana leaves are used in the treatment of malaria and other ailments in Uganda. The aim of the study was to characterize the antiplasmodial compounds from the leaves of Secamone africana. The leaves were extracted sequentially using dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH). The crude extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated for their antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine sensitive Sierraleone I (D6) and chloroquine-resistant Indochina I (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Isolation and purification were done using chromatographic techniques including column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The isolated compounds were characterized using spectroscopic methods. The MeOH extract (IC50 = 5.45 μg/mL) was found to be more active than the DCM extract (IC50= 15.93 μg/mL) against the D6 malaria parasite. Chemical investigation of the MeOH extract yielded one new compound; 2-(2,4-dimethyloxetan-2-yl) acetic acid (3) in addition to the six known compounds; α-linolenic acid (1), conduritol B (4), β-sitosterol (5), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (6), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (7) and coumaric acid (8). The DCM extract yielded one known compound: 1-methyl cyclobutene (2). The presence of these compounds with good anti-plasmodial activities and other bioactivities reported in literature, appears to argue for the therapeutic potential of Secamone africana.Keywords: Secamone africana,, anti-plasmodial activity, chromatography, secondary metabolites. 

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4

Goyder, D. J. "Secamone (Asclepiadaceae subfam. Secamonoideae) in Africa." Kew Bulletin 47, no. 3 (1992): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4110573.

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5

TAKEUCHI, WAYNE. "Floristic records from the upper Sepik of Papua New Guinea: Aristolochia chrismülleriana sp. nov. (Aristolochiaceae), Monanthocitrus paludosa (Rutaceae), and Secamone timorensis (Apocynaceae)." Phytotaxa 114, no. 1 (2013): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.114.1.5.

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Aristolochia chrismülleriana is described from the Ambunti-Hunstein district, near historical localities of the Kaiserin- Augusta-Fluss Expedition of 1912–13. Noteworthy records from the German classical sites are also reported for Secamone timorensis (Apocynaceae) and Monanthocitrus paludosa (Rutaceae).

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6

Klackenberg, Jens. "Secamone galinae (Apocynaceae), a new species from Madagascar." Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 124, no. 4 (2003): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0006-8152/2003/0124-0421.

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7

BRUYNS, P. V. "NEW SPECIES IN ECHIDNOPSIS AND SECAMONE AND NEW RECORDS OF CEROPEGIA (APOCYNACEAE) FROM SOCOTRA." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 61, no. 1 (2004): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428604000022.

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The new species Echidnopsis inconspicua (Apocynaceae–Asclepiadoideae) and Secamone cuneifolia (Apocynaceae–Secamonoideae) are described from Socotra. An account of Echidnopsis is provided for the island, where five species are now known to occur. The first species of Ceropegia is recorded for Socotra.

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8

Adesina, J. M., and T. I. Ofuya. "Evaluation of leaf and vine powders of Secamone afzelii (Schult) K. Schum for control of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in stored cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 1, no. 3 (2011): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.1(3).p158-162.

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The experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Secamone afzeliileaf and vine powders applied at the rate of 0.5g, 1.0g, 1.5g and 2.0g underambient laboratory conditions on Callosobruchus maculatus on stored cowpea.Mortality of adult insects at 48 h post treatment, number of eggs laid,adult emergence, adult exit holes and percentage weight loss in each treatmentwere compared with those of control. The results indicated that vinepowder caused significantly greater kill (P < 0.05) of C. maculatus adultswhen applied at 2.0g than other dosages. The application rate of 2.0g of leafpowder was able to cause reduction in number of eggs laid by the weevil(5.67/20g seed) and significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed adult emergence(21.12). Adult exit holes and percentage weight loss were significantly reducedat all levels of application. It is concluded that Secamone afzelii hasgreat potential for use as a plantÃ¢â‚¬Âbased biopesticide for controlling C. maculatuson stored cowpea.

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9

Klackenberg, Jens. "Taxonomy of Secamone (Asclepiadaceae) in Asia and Australia." Kew Bulletin 47, no. 4 (1992): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4110697.

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10

Klackenberg, Jens. "Secamone rubra (Apocynaceae, Secamonoideae), a new species from Madagascar." Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 124, no. 1 (2002): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0006-8152/2002/0124-0049.

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11

Klackenberg, Jens. "A New Species of Secamone (Apocynaceae, Secamonoideae) from Borneo." Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants 49, no. 1 (2004): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651904x486232.

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12

Klackenberg, Jens. "Four new species of Secamone (Apocynaceae, Secamonoideae) from Indonesia." Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants 51, no. 3 (2006): 587–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651906x622148.

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13

Goyder, D. J. "The Identity of Secamone gabonensis P. T. Li (Asclepiadaceae)." Kew Bulletin 51, no. 4 (1996): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4119731.

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14

Klackenberg, Jens. "Secamone brevicoronataandS. pedicellaris (Apocynaceae), two new species from Madagascar." Willdenowia 30, no. 1 (2000): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.30.30103.

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15

Alabdul Magid, Abdulmagid, Philomène Akoua Yao-Kouassi, Diane Patricia Apie Gossan, Claire Mairot, and Laurence Voutquenne-Nazabadioko. "New Antioxidant Flavonoids From The Aerial Parts Of Secamone Afzelii." Journal of Antioxidant Activity 1, no. 2 (2016): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2471-2140.jaa-15-887.

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16

Nowak, Renata, and Sławomir Kawka. "Phenolic acids in leaves of Secamone afzelii (Rhoem.) Schult. (Asclepiadaceae)." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 67, no. 3-4 (2014): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1998.029.

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The analysis of the sets of free and liberated by hydrolysis phenolic acids in the leaves of, <em>Secamone afzelii</em> (Rhoem.) Schult. was conducted by 2D-TLC and RP-HPLC methods. Sixteen phenolic acids were identified: chlorogenic, gallic, protocatechuic, homoprotacatechuic, caffeic, gentysic, α-resorcylic, p-hydroxyphenylacetic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric, o-hydroxyphenylacetic, syryngic, vanillic, synapic, ferulic and salicylic. By means of the RP-HPLC the contents of major phenolic acids was described. It is fairly diversified in cases of different compounds ranging from 0.05 up to 16.89 mg%.

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17

Bruyns, P. V., and A. G. Miller. "LECTOTYPIFICATION OF SOME ARABIAN APOCYNACEAE." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 66, no. 1 (2009): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428609005277.

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Lectotypes are selected for the following names in the Apocynaceae from the Arabian Peninsula: Adenium arabicum Balf.f., Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schultes, Caralluma adenensis (Deflers) A.Berger, Cryptolepis intricata (Balf.f.) Venter, Cryptolepis volubilis (Balf.f.) O.Schwartz, Kanahia laniflora (Forssk.) R.Br., Leptadenia arborea (Forssk.) Schweinf., Marsdenia robusta Balf.f., Rhazya stricta Decne. and Tylophora yemensis Deflers. For Secamone socotrana Balf.f., it is noted that a previous citation of a holotype is rather an effective designation of a lectotype. Neotypes are selected for Caralluma hexagona var. septentrionalis Lavranos & L.E.Newton, Glossonema boveanum (Decne.) Decne., Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Decne. and Orbea chrysostephana (Deflers) Bruyns.

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18

Mensah, AY, EA Mireku, and V. Okwuonu. "Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities of Secamone afzelii (Rhoem) Ascleipiadaceae." Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences 3, no. 1 (2014): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jmbs.v3i1.4.

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19

Nalule, Agnes, and James Mbaria. "In vitro anthelmintic potential of Vernonia amygdalina and Secamone africana on gastrointestinal nematodes." Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America 4, no. 1 (2013): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2013.4.1.54.66.

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20

Yang, Panpan, Wanfang Zhu, Jian Xu, et al. "Sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids from Secamone lanceolata blume with inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production." Fitoterapia 133 (March 2019): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2018.11.016.

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21

Mobolade, Adesina Jacobs, та Mobolade-Adesina Titilayo Elizabeth. "Tolerance Activities of Callasobruchus Maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) against Secamone Afzelii (Schult) K. Schum Leaf Extracts = أنشطة تحمل (F.) Callasobruchus Maculatus (غمدية الأجنحة : Chrysomelidae) ضد K. (Schult) Secamone Afzelii لمستخلصات أوراق Schum". Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 12, № 4 (2016): 1141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0035073.

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22

Bodude, M. A., and O. S. Sanni. "Evaluation of Inhibitive Performance of Some Plants Extracts on Low Carbon Steel Corrosion." Studies in Engineering and Technology 1, no. 2 (2014): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/set.v1i2.430.

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The corrosion inhibitive potential of Plumeria Alba, Blighia Sapida and Secamone Afezeli plants extracts on heat-treated and non-heat-treated mild steel samples immersed in different concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl) were investigated using weight loss technique. The mild steel samples were cut and prepared for the corrosion test in the acid media mixed with the plant extracts obtained by natural drying, grinding and chemical extraction using hexane. The plants were collected from the botanical garden of University of Lagos, Nigeria. Samples of the mild steel were weighed before immersion and at regular interval of 7 days for a period of 56 days after immersion. The experiment was repeated using 0.1 M and 0.2 M of an inorganic inhibitor. Results obtained showed that the extract of Blighia Sapida exhibited the highest inhibitive power, while annealed samples have the least corrosion rate in the Hcl solution.

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23

Klackenberg, J. "New species and combinations of Secamone (Apocynaceae, Secamonoideae) from South East Asia." Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants 55, no. 3 (2010): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651910x540018.

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24

Adesina, Jacobs M., and Thomas I. Ofuya. "Oviposition Deterrent and Egg Hatchability Suppression of Secamone Afzelii ( Schult ) K. Schum Leaf Extract on Callosobruchus Maculatus ( Fabricius ) ( Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae )." Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences 8, no. 2 (2015): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0027554.

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25

Mbaka, G., and T. Akala. "Evaluation of the Histomorphological and Toxicological Changes in Rodents after treatment with Hydroethanolic Extract of the Secamone Afzelii Aerial Parts." Journal of Morphological Sciences 35, no. 04 (2018): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675793.

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Objective To evaluate the histomorphological and toxicological changes in rodents after treatment with hydroethanolic extract of the Secamone afzelii aerial parts. Materials and Methods An acute toxicity study on Swiss albino mice of both sexes was performed. Administration of a single dose of 2,000 mg/kg −1 of body weight (bwt) of S. afzelii extract by gavages to 5 mice showed no mortality; hence, a 1/10th dose was used as the highest therapeutic dose. The intra-peritoneal administration produced dose-dependent mortality, with median lethal dose (LD50) being ∼ 281.8 mg/kg −1. In a subacute toxicity study, Wistar rats received daily administration of the extract in the dose range of 50 to 200 mg/kg bwt for 35 days. Its effects on histological, biochemical and hematological parameters were evaluated. Results There was an initial body weight decrease in all the treated animals in the first 7 days. Thereafter, increase in body weight was observed. The treated animals also exhibited organ weight increase when compared with the control. Statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) occurred in the extract treated animals, whereas alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed a statistically insignificant (p ≥ 0.05) increase when compared with the control. Total plasma protein (TPP) and albumin (ALB) also exhibited insignificant (p ≥ 0.05) increases, while total bilirubin (T. BIL) decreased compared with the control. Insignificant (p ≥ 0.05) changes also occurred in the plasma creatinine and urea levels in the extract treated animals when compared with the control group. The liver tissue histology showed no hepatocellular damage. However, inflammatory changes occurred in the testicular tissue, in which a quantitative decrease in spermatogenic cells was observed due to extensive cellular necrosis, leaving only the basement layer of the seminiferous tubules. Conclusion S. afzelii exhibited a high safety margin, an indication that it is safe for consumption. However, after chronic administration, it caused undesirable effect in the testes that could compromise its fertility function.

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26

Rahman, M. Oliur, Nusrat Jahan Sayma, and Momtaz Begum. "Angiospermic flora of Gafargaon upazila of Mymensingh district focusing on medicinally important species." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 26, no. 2 (2019): 269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v26i2.44594.

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Gafargaon upazila has been floristically explored to identify and assess the angiospermic flora that resulted in occurrence of 203 taxa under 174 genera and 75 families. Magnoliopsida is represented by 167 taxa under 140 genera and 62 families, while Liliopsida is constituted by 36 taxa belonging to 34 genera and 13 families. Vegetation analysis shows that herbs are represented by 106 taxa, shrubs 35, trees 54, and climbers by 8 species. In Magnoliopsida, Solanaceae is the largest family possessing 10 species, whereas in Liliopsida, Poaceae is the largest family with 12 species. The study has identified 45 medicinal plants which are used for treatment of over 40 diseases including diabetes, ulcer, diarrhoea, dysentery, fever, cold and cough, menstrual problems, blood pressure and urinary disorders by the local people. Some noticeable medicinal plants used in primary healthcare are Abroma augusta (L.) L.f., Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt., Commelina benghalensis L., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Holarrhena antidysenterica Flem., Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) A. DC., Mikania cordata (Burm. f.) Robinson, Ocimum tenuiflorum L. and Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. A few number of species are also employed in cultural festivals in the study area. Cardamine flexuosa With., Oxystelma secamone (L.) Karst., Phaulopsis imbricata (Forssk.) Sweet, Piper sylvaticum Roxb., Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers and Trema orientalis L. have been found to be rare in the investigated area. In order to preserve botanical resources of Gafargaon upazila, particularly the rare, threatened and medicinal plants, conservation measures need to be undertaken through both in-situ and ex-situ methods for their sustainable use.

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27

Mbaka, Godwin, Charles Anunobi, Samson Ogunsina, and Daniel Osiagwu. "Histomorphological changes in induced benign prostatic hyperplasia with exogenous testosterone and estradiol in adult male rats treated with aqueous ethanol extract of Secamone afzelii." Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 4, no. 1 (2017): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbas.2016.11.003.

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28

Adepo, Yapo Prosper, Gbouhoury Eric-Kévin Bolou, and Essoma Edwige Flore Akoa. "Effet sur le développement mammaire et analyse phytochimique de deux plantes lactogènes de la pharmacopée traditionnelle ivoirienne : Euphorbia hirta L. et Secamone afzelii (Roem. &Schult.)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2017): 1872. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v11i4.35.

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29

Suess, Paulo. "Etíope Resgatado." Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira 51, no. 204 (1991): 902–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29386/reb.v51i204.2932.

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As Conclusões de Puebla, de 1979, mencionam a escravidão na seguinte nota de rodapé: “O problema dos escravos africanos não mereceu, infelizmente, a devida atenção evangelizadora e libertadora da Igreja” (n. 8). Em tão poucas palavras, evidentemente, a Igreja não faz justiça a mais de trezentos anos de escravidão. Por ocasião do centenário da abolição da escravatura, em 1988, a Campanha da Fraternidade foi realizada sob o lema “Ouvi o clamor deste povo”. Na avaliação da Campanha, sentiu-se a plena validade da nota de rodapé de Puebla. Em muitas regiões eclesiásticas a causa dos afro-americanos ainda é secamente assumida e divide os espíritos. A falta de memória histórica produz legitimações simplistas. Para o resgate desta memória, o estudo das fontes tem uma importância primordial. Uma destas fontes sobre a escravidão é ETÍOPE RESGATADO, escrita na Bahia pelo sacerdote e advogado português Manoel Ribeiro Rocha e publicada em 1758, em Lisboa.

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30

Sefunmi, Alaofin. "Anti-bacterial Activity of <i>Tithonia diversifolia</i>, <i>Secamore afzelli</i> and <i>Jaundea pinnata</i> Against Plasmid-bearing Multiple Antibiotics Resistant Bacteria from Different Water Sources in Akure, Nigeria." Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering 7, no. 2 (2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20190702.12.

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31

Serge, Koné Djoudori, Gnahoue Goueh, Djyh Bernard Nazaire, Bamba Abou, and Yapi Houphouet Félix. "Protective Effects of Aqueous and Hydroethanolic Extracts of Secamone afzelii (Asclepiadaceae) Leaves on Liver Transaminases, Serum Vitamin D and Zinc Levels against Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)- Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats." International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review, July 31, 2020, 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijbcrr/2020/v29i830207.

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Purpose: This study was carried out to evaluate effect of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Secamone afzelii leaves on Liver transaminases, serum vitamin D and Zinc levels in hepatotocixity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Methods: The experiment was performed on 7 groups of 6 rats by the method of Mekky and collaborators. Rats were pre-treated with aqueous, hydroethanolic extracts Secamone afzelii (100 and 200 mg/kg) and Silymarin (SIL) an hepatoprotective reference prior to CCl4. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Hepatotoxicity implied a significant rise of Liver transaminases (ALT and AST) by hepatocyte alteration rate. The parameters evaluated in the study were alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), vitamin D and Zinc in serum. Vitamin D and Zinc levels in serum were respectively determined by HPLC analysis and Atomic absorption method. Results: Carbon tetrachloride injection to rats every 2 days showed a significant rise of Liver transaminases (ALT and AST) and a significant lowering of vitamin D and zinc levels in serum compared to normal. However, pre-treatments with aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Secamone afzelii caused a significant decrease of Liver transaminases (ALT and AST) and restored vitamin D and zinc levels in serum of animals (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01) compared to rats treated with CCl4 only (Negative control). Moreover, hydroethanolic extract (200 mg/kg) and Silymarin both reduced very well carbon tetrachloride effects by protecting Liver. Conclusion: This study reveals that Secamone afzelii leaves extracts (aqueous and hydroethanolic) possess protective properties of the Liver. It also shows a significant association between low serum vitamin D and zinc levels and hepatotoxicity. The most active extract is Hydroethanolic extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg which can be used for preventives purposes.

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32

Mensah, A. Y., P. J. Houghton, C. Agyare, et al. "Investigation of Activities Related to Wound Healing of Secamone Afzelii." Journal of Science and Technology (Ghana) 26, no. 3 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/just.v26i3.33008.

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33

Abere, TA, and DN Onwukaeme. "Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Leaves of Secamone afzelii (Schult) K Schum (Asclepiadaceae)." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 11, no. 1 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v11i1.16.

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34

Adesina, J. M., and A. T. B. Aderibigbe. "Seed preservatives properties of Secamone afzelii (Schult) K. Schum extracts on wheat grains damage and germination capability." Bulletin of the National Research Centre 45, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42269-021-00507-z.

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Abstract Background Botanical pesticides may be a possible solution to the post-harvest loss of stored grains faced by farmers and food processors. In this study, seed preservatives properties of Secamone afzelii leaves extracts at 50, 100, 150, 200 µl concentrations were investigated against lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricus) infestation on wheat grains weight loss and seed germination capability arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and replicated thrice under ambient laboratory conditions. Results The outcomes of the study showed that S. afzelii leaves extracts exhibited significant effect (p < 0.05) in suppressing R. dominica adult emergence and weight loss of wheat grains than untreated. The increase in the concentrations led to significant decrease in adult emergence and weight loss with different extracts. Secamone afzelii ethyl acetate and hexane extracts significantly subdued adult emergence in contact toxicity (6.69% and 8.49%) and fumigant toxicity (8.85 and 8.87); a similar trend was observed in weight loss in both contact (2.33% and 5.13%) and fumigant (1.50% and 1.03%) toxicities at 200 µl, respectively. None of the extracts hinder the germination of treated grains, while germination percentage ranged between 88.69% and 93.40%. Conclusion The results clearly indicated that S. afzelii extracts, in general, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts of S. afzelii in particular were the best seed preservative for stored wheat. Thus S. afzelii leaves extracts could be utilized as grain protectant substitute for conventional synthetic insecticides and fumigants in the control of insect infestation and conservation of stored grain quality and germination capability. Further study is required to identify the bioactive chemicals responsible for the S. afzelii extracts insecticidal activity and stored grains quality preservation.

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35

Oyinloye, Oladapo E., and Olumuyiwa S. Alabi. "Preliminary phytochemical screening, antimicrobial potentials and GC-MS analysis of Secamone afzelli Rhoem (Asclepiadaceae) leaves extracts." Nigerian Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, December 4, 2020, 3728–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.48198/njpas/20.a10.

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Secamone afzelli is used ethno-medicinally as remedies for stomach, colic and gastro-intestinal tract infections. This study screened the hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of S. afzelli leaves for phytocompounds, antimicrobial activity and identified bioactive compounds in the most active extract using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. S. afzelli (200mg) leave was extracted by soxhlet apparatus using three solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol) and the phytochemicals determined. Antimicrobial susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) was determined by agar-diffusion and agar-dilution methods respectively against selected resistant bacterial and fungal clinical isolates. The most active of the three crude extracts was analysed by GC-MS for bioactive compounds identification. Presence of carbohydrates, anthraquinone, glycosides, proteins, tannin, phenolic compounds and steroids were determined. The three extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts) had antibacterial (Range of inhibition zone = 10 to 18 mm and MICs 12.5 to 200 mg/mL) but no antifungal activity. The ethanol extract was the most active with 29 bioactive compounds including piperazine, phytol, leucine methyl ester, N-methyl-N-(1-methylethyl)- 1Pentanamine, 7-propyl-pyrrolizin-1-thione and 4,5-dimethylnonane. The antibacterial activity and arrays of bioactive compounds detected in S. afzelli leaves suggest that the plant may be a good source of novel antimicrobial compounds.

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Jose, A. R., and J. M. Adesina. "Larval Susceptibility of Dermestes maculatus (Degeer, 1776) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) to Secamone afzelii (Schult) K Schum Leaf Powder on Smoke-Dried Fish." International Journal of Aquaculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5376/ija.2014.04.0017.

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