Journal articles: 'Second Season'

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Longley, Neil, and Nelson J. Lacey. "The “Second” Season." Journal of Sports Economics 13, no. 5 (October 2012): 471–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527002511410932.

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Most research on competitive balance (CB) in North American sport leagues examines regular-season outcomes only, and does not analyze the potential impacts of postseason playoff tournaments. This article finds that playoffs do matter in a CB sense, in that they can substantially reconfigure regular-season outcomes. More importantly, they may reconfigure outcomes in a way that is not neutral with respect to payroll. The article finds, for example, that in the NHL over the 1994-2004 time period, team success in the playoffs was much less dependent on payroll than it was during the regular-season. The article also analyzes the differential impacts of the specific type of playoff tournament employed, and finds that the choice of playoff “pooling” structures directly impacts the probability of “upsets” occurring in the playoffs.

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Gandy, Rob. "Second season syndrome." Significance 13, no. 3 (June 2016): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2016.00916.x.

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Savage, Elizabeth. "Grief in its Second Season." Appalachian Heritage 40, no. 1 (2012): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aph.2012.0017.

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&NA;. "Palivizumab prophylaxis safe for second RSV season." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 940 (March 2003): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200309400-00013.

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&NA;. "Palivizumab prophylaxis safe for second RSV season." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1376 (March 2003): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200313760-00038.

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Albregts, E. E., C. M. Howard, and C. K. Chandler. "THE EFFECT OF DEFOLIATION ON STRAWBERRY FRUITING RESPONSE." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1161G—1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1161.

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During 2 seasons, defoliated and non-defoliated strawberry plants were evaluated for their fruiting response using the annual hill cultural system in Dover, FL. Partially dormant Canadian grown `Chandler' and non-dormant locally grown FL breeding line 79-1126 were grown the first season. Locally grown `Dover' was added the second season. Total yields of all clones were reduced with foliage removed. Monthly yields were reduced the first season with FL 79-1126 defoliated plants, but only the April yield of defoliated `Chandler' was reduced. December, January, March, and total yields of defoliated plants from all clones were reduced the second season. Average seasonal fruit weight was reduced the second season with locally grown defoliated plants. During the second season the percent marketable fruit of `Chandler' and FL 79-1126 was greater with the defoliated plants.

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Albregts, E. E., C. M. Howard, and C. K. Chandler. "THE EFFECT OF DEFOLIATION ON STRAWBERRY FRUITING RESPONSE." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1161g—1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1161g.

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During 2 seasons, defoliated and non-defoliated strawberry plants were evaluated for their fruiting response using the annual hill cultural system in Dover, FL. Partially dormant Canadian grown `Chandler' and non-dormant locally grown FL breeding line 79-1126 were grown the first season. Locally grown `Dover' was added the second season. Total yields of all clones were reduced with foliage removed. Monthly yields were reduced the first season with FL 79-1126 defoliated plants, but only the April yield of defoliated `Chandler' was reduced. December, January, March, and total yields of defoliated plants from all clones were reduced the second season. Average seasonal fruit weight was reduced the second season with locally grown defoliated plants. During the second season the percent marketable fruit of `Chandler' and FL 79-1126 was greater with the defoliated plants.

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Et. al., Truong Hong Vo Tuan Kiet,. "Economic Efficiency of Mango Cultivator in The Southern Vietnam." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 4 (April 11, 2021): 1048–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i4.600.

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The paper employed a Cobb-Douglas and translog of stochastic frontier profit function to measure the level of economic efficiency and its determinants. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 1,889 of sampling observations (591 for season 1, 678 for season 2, and 620 for season 3) randomly selected from designated locations in the study area. Difference of the study compared to past researches related to tropical fruits analyzed efficiency of three seasons instead of only focusing on efficiency of one season or total a year. The study established a mean economic efficiency of 26.19% in season 1, 27.15% in season 2, and 24.62% in season 3. The paper found out positive determinants of economic efficiency were farming experience, wrapping bag, market access among three seasons; education in season 1 and plant density in season 1 and 2. By contrast, the constraints to profit of mango producers were age, and payment for agro-input wholesale on ending of season in three seasons; credit access and classifying sale in first and second seasons; education in second and third seasons; plant density in season 3. Based on these findings, policy makers should focus on effective inputs models that would boost profit efficiency through conducting regular workshops and orchard demonstrations on using input materials effectively. More so, farmers should design mango gardens with appropriate trees density as well as encourage gardeners to use bags for wrapping mango fruits in farming in order to increase economic efficiency.

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Dziewulska, Katarzyna, and Józef Domagała. "Precocious males of cultured Atlantic Salmo salar L. in the second spawning season." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 33, no. 2 (December 31, 2003): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3750/aip2003.33.2.05.

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10

Chiu, Yu-Tzu. "Taiwanese scientists brace for second season of SARS." Nature Medicine 9, no. 10 (October 2003): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1003-1229b.

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Liu, Wan-Yu, Yen-Hsiang Huang, and Chi-Ming Hsieh. "The Impacts of Different Climate Change Scenarios on Visits toward the National Forest Park in Taiwan." Forests 11, no. 11 (November 15, 2020): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111203.

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Many studies have shown that the weather greatly affects the tourist count. Understanding weather information, climate change, and how they influence the tourist count in different tourist seasons (peak season, second peak season, off season) can help park planners and managers to analyze the opportunities and risks caused by climate change. This study aimed to predict the visitor count through information on the number of visitors and the weather day for three tourist seasons in a 12-month period. The study was conducted in the Huisun Forest Park of Taiwan based on the peak season (February, July, August, and October), the second peak season (January, April, May, November, and December), and the off-season (March, June, and September), using weather factors and virtual factors (such as whether it is a weekend or not) to establish three multivariate regression models for predicting the daily visitor count. This study assessed the impact of climate change on the visitor count and analyzed possible scenarios of climate change using representative concentration pathways (RCPs), as stated in the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results of this study indicated that the impacts of weather factors on the visitor count is the same for the peak season and the off season. The temperature and relative humidity have a significant impact on the visitor count, and precipitation is not significant. In the second peak season, only the temperature has a significant impact on the visitor count. The relative humidity and precipitation are not significant. The temperature is the most influential factor in all three seasons, and has the highest influence on the peak season, followed by the low season, and then the second peak season. In addition, the number of visitors in Huisun Forest Park is on the rise, according to an analysis of various climate change scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, RCP8.5). The results of this study can be used as a reference by forest park managers and future researchers. It is noted that the results were based on the current economic and political situation. The worsening of the entire world situation could break the relationships.

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Engelhard, Georg H., and Mikko Heino. "Scale analysis suggests frequent skipping of the second reproductive season in Atlantic herring." Biology Letters 1, no. 2 (May 12, 2005): 172–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2004.0290.

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A common assumption in fish studies is that iteroparous fishes, once mature, normally reproduce in all consecutive seasons. An analysis of scales from Norwegian spring-spawning herring collected between 1935 and 1973 revealed a strong under-representation (47% of expected) of second-time spawners on the spawning grounds. This reduction is not satisfactorily explained by errors in scale-reading, suggesting that the second reproductive season is frequently skipped. Skipping a season may relate to trade-offs between growth, current and future reproduction, and survival, which are likely to be particularly strong for young adult herring.

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13

Brecht, J. K., S. J. Locascio, and K. A. Bergsma. "154 WATER QUANTITY AFFECTS QUALITY OF DRIP-IRRIGATED TOMATO FRUIT." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 450g—450. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.450g.

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Tomatoes (var. Sunny) were grown using drip irrigation and polyethylene mulch in a three-year study with water applied to plots at 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 times pan evaporation in one application per day. Breaker stage fruit were harvested twice each season at 7 to 10 day intervals and evaluated after storage for 11 days at 20C. Response to water application varied with seasonal rainfall levels. Soluble solids levels decreased with increasing water quantity only in the first (relatively dry) season, while titratable acidity levels decreased with increasing water in all three seasons. Fruit color was not affected by water quantity in the first season but hue angle increased and chroma decreased with increasing water in the second and third seasons. Decay incidence (associated primarily with blossom end rot) was higher in nonirrigated than irrigated treatments and in the second harvests. Internal white tissue, a symptom of irregular ripening, was more common in irrigated treatments and in the wetter second and third seasons

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Ojha, Roshan Babu, Shree Chand Shah, Keshab Raj Pande, and Durga Datta Dhakal. "Soil Properties and Earthworm Population Dynamics Influenced by Organic Manure in Winter and Spring Seasons at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 2, no. 2 (June 25, 2014): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i2.10474.

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Two experiments were carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with six treatments (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 Mg FYM ha-1) replicated four times at the horticultural farm, IAAS, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal in winter (Oct-Jan) and spring (Feb-May) seasons to quantify optimum dose of organic manure (FYM) to maintain earthworm population and enhance soil properties. In each treatment 100 earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were inoculated within one square meter of each plot. Porosity in the first season was significantly higher than the control treatment (0 Mg FYM ha-1). In the second season it remained unaffected but in increasing trend. In the second season the highest porosity (40.75 ± 1.57%) was obtained from 50 Mg FYM ha-1. The highest bulk density (1.553 ± 0.017 Mg m-3) in the second season was observed from the control treatment but it was in decreasing trend with increasing doses of FYM. There was no significant effect of FYM on pH in the either season. The highest OM (3.87 ± 0.22%) was observed from 50 Mg FYM ha-1 which was similar to 30 and 40 Mg FYM ha-1 in first season. Similarly, in the second season, increasing doses of FYM increased the OM and the highest OM (3.83 ± 0.19%) was from 50 Mg FYM ha-1 which did not differ from 40 Mg FYM ha-1. As anticipated, the lowest OM 2.425 ± 0.224% and 2.275 ± 0.1968% were from control treatments of the first and second seasons, respectively. As the doses of FYM were increased, earthworm populations were also increased significantly in the both seasons. Earthworm numbers from 50 Mg FYM ha-1 were significantly higher than the 20, 30 and 40 Mg FYM ha-1 in both seasons. The highest numbers 887 ± 12.84 and 976 ± 20.30 of earthworm per square meter were recorded from 50 Mg FYM ha-1 in the both seasons, respectively. Thus, the application of 30 Mg FYM ha-1 is optimum for both the seasons to improve soil properties and to maintain earthworm population in the agricultural field. Also, this research indicated a possibility for earthworm inoculation in the field to enhance soil fertility for sustainable agriculture in the western Chitwan, Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i2.10474Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(2): 193-198

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Iqbal, Mazhar, Md Rowshon Kamal, Mohd Amin Mohd Soom, Muhammad Yamin, Mohd Fazly M., Hasfalina Che Man, and Hadi Hamaaziz Muhammed. "HYDRUS-1D Simulation of Nitrogen Dynamics in Rainfed Sweet Corn Production." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (June 5, 2020): 3925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113925.

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Nitrogen loss from agricultural fields results in contamination of ground and surface water resources due to leaching and runoff, respectively. Nitrogen transport dynamics vary significantly among agricultural fields of different climates, especially in the tropical climate. This study intended to evaluate the rainfall impact on nitrogen distribution and losses under tropical rain-fed conditions. The study was carried out in a sweet corn field for two growing seasons at the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) research field. The HYDRUS-1D numerical model was used to simulate nitrogen transport dynamics in this study. The observed nitrogen concentrations were used for calibration and validation of the model. Total nitrogen input to sweet corn was 120 kg/ha for both seasons. Nitrogen losses through surface runoff and leaching were dominating pathways. Surface runoff accounted for 35.3% and 22.2% of total nitrogen input during the first and second seasons, respectively. The leaching loss at 60 cm depth accounted for 4.0% (first season) and 18.5% (second season). The crop N uptake was 37.5% and 24.9% during the first and second seasons, respectively. Nitrate was the dominant form of N uptake by the crop that accounted for 83.6% (first season) and 78.5% (second season). The HYDRUS-1D simulation results of nitrogen concentrations and fluxes were found in good agreement with observed data. The overall results of simulation justified the HYDRUS-1D for improved fertilizer use in the tropical climate.

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Hochmuth, George, Dan Cantliffe, Craig Chandler, Craig Stanley, Eric Bish, Eric Waldo, Dan Legard, and John Duval. "Fruiting Responses and Economics of Containerized and Bare-root Strawberry Transplants Established with Different Irrigation Methods." HortTechnology 16, no. 2 (January 2006): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.2.0205.

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Strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) crops were transplanted in two seasons in central Florida with bare-root and containerized (plug) plants under three transplant establishment-period irrigation methods to evaluate crop fruiting responses and production economics associated with the various establishment systems. Irrigation was not required to establish plug transplants in the field. Early (first 2 months) fruit yield with nonirrigated plug plants was greater than early yield with sprinkler-irrigated bare-root plants (the current commercial system) in one of two seasons and equal in a second season. Total-season yields were similar in each season between the two establishment systems. Large or medium plug plants led to greatest early fruit yields in one season while large plug plants resulted in greatest early yield in a second season. Total yield was greatest with medium plants in one season and large plants in another season. The extra cost for the plug plant system was $1853/acre. In one out of two seasons there was increased net income amounting to $1142/acre due to greater early yield associated with the plug plant cultural system. Strawberry plug transplants showed promise for earlier and more profitable crops in addition to substantial savings in water used for plant establishment in the field. The ability to establish strawberry crops without irrigation will be important in areas where growers are required to reduce farm water consumption.

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Ayo-Ajasa, O. Y., A. B. J. Aina, O. S. Sowande, L. T. Egbeyale, M. O. Ozoje, A. O. Oso, B. O. Abiona, and F. A. S. Abel. "Nigerian Journal of Animal Production Effect of generational differences, housing systems and seasonal variations on the reproductive performance of rabbits raised in humid tropics." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 42, no. 2 (January 16, 2021): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v42i2.2632.

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Reproductive data from 24 does (Chinchilla X New Zealand White) of twenty weeks, were analyzed to determine the effect of generation, housing systems and season on the reproductive performance of rabbits raised in the humid tropics. The experiment was carried out during four seasons namely: early dry season (EDS-September to November), late dry season (LDS-December to February), early rainy season (ERS-March to May) and late rainy season (LRS-June to August). The study was repeated in the second generation and the data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance in a 2x2x4 factorial arrangement. Factors considered were generations, housing systems, and seasons respectively. Highest breeding efficiency of 83.33% was obtained in the first generation and maximum litter size at birth (35) and weaning (28) were observed in caged-does that kindled in EDS of first and second generations respectively, while does housed on deep litter system produced the smallest litter size at birth (24) and weaning (18) in the ERS of the second generation. Highest (12) and least (4) pre-weaning losses were recorded in caged-does that kindled in ERS of the first and second generation respectively, whereas highest average birth weight (120.58g) was observed in litters of deep litter-does that kindled in EDS of the second generation. These results indicated that the production of rabbits for breeding purposes is better achieved during early dry season (September-November) and also revealed that deep litter system allows satisfactory performance and has comparative advantage over wooden cage system considering the reduction in housing cost and can be used to improve the nutritional status of the family and also to obtain some supplementary income.

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DeFroda, Steven F., Devan D. Patel, John Milner, Daniel S. Yang, and Brett D. Owens. "Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in National Basketball Association Players." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 232596712098164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120981649.

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Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in National Basketball Association (NBA) players can have a significant impact on player longevity and performance. Current literature reports a high rate of return to play, but there are limited data on performance after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Purpose/Hypothesis: To determine return to play and player performance in the first and second seasons after ACLR in NBA players. We hypothesized that players would return at a high rate. However, we also hypothesized that performance in the first season after ACLR would be worse as compared with the preinjury performance, with a return to baseline by postoperative year 2. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: An online database of NBA athlete injuries between 2010 and 2019 was queried using the term ACL reconstruction. For the included players, the following data were recorded: name; age at injury; position; height, weight, and body mass index; handedness; NBA experience; dates of injury, surgery, and return; knee affected; and postoperative seasons played. Regular season statistics for 1 preinjury season and 2 postoperative seasons were compiled and included games started and played, minutes played, and player efficiency rating. Kaplan-Meier survivorship plots were computed for athlete return-to-play and retirement endpoints. Results: A total of 26 athletes underwent ACLR; of these, 84% (95% CI, 63.9%-95.5%) returned to play at a mean 372.5 days (95% CI, 323.5-421.5 days) after surgery. Career length after injury was a mean of 3.36 seasons (95% CI, 2.27-4.45 seasons). Factors that contributed to an increased probability of return to play included younger age at injury (odds ratio, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.47-0.92]; P = .0337) and fewer years of experience in the NBA before injury (odds ratio, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.45-0.93]; P = .0335). Postoperatively, athletes played a significantly lower percentage of total games in the first season (48.4%; P = .0004) and second season (62.1%; P = .0067) as compared with the preinjury season (78.5%). Player efficiency rating in the first season was 19.3% less than that in the preinjury season ( P = .0056). Performance in the second postoperative season was not significantly different versus preinjury. Conclusion: NBA players have a high rate of RTP after ACLR. However, it may take longer than a single season for elite NBA athletes to return to their full preinjury performance. Younger players and those with less NBA experience returned at higher rates.

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Marino, Silvia R., Jeffrey G. Williamson, James W. Olmstead, and Philip F. Harmon. "Vegetative Growth of Three Southern Highbush Blueberry Cultivars Obtained from Micropropagation and Softwood Cuttings in Two Florida Locations." HortScience 49, no. 5 (May 2014): 556–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.49.5.556.

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Field performance of southern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. interspecific hybrids) cultivars Emerald, Jewel, and Primadonna derived from softwood cuttings (SW) and tissue culture (TC) was evaluated in Citra and Haines City, FL, in 2010–12. Both fields were planted in Apr. 2010 on sandy soil amended with pine bark. Plant height and width were recorded at both locations, from which plant canopy volume was calculated. Additionally, whole plants were harvested at planting and after the first growing season, after the first fruit harvest, and after the second growing season. Average plant height and width, number of major canes, and total shoot number were determined at each sampling date. Dry weights for roots, crowns, canes, shoots, and leaves were obtained. Although propagation method affected plant canopy volume during the first season, no effects were observed by the end of the second growing season. At planting and after the first and second growing seasons, TC plants of the three cultivars had more major canes. Total shoot number per plant was greater for TC ‘Jewel’ at all dates but ‘Emerald’ TC plants had more shoots only at planting and after the first growing and harvest seasons. Tissue culture resulted in increased plant dry weights of ‘Jewel’ and ‘Emerald’ after the first and second growing seasons. There were no significant differences in total number of shoots or plant dry weight between TC and SW-derived ‘Primadonna’ plants at any point during the study.

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Edema, R., E. Adipala, and D. A. Florini. "Influence of Season and Cropping System on Occurrence of Cowpea Diseases in Uganda." Plant Disease 81, no. 5 (May 1997): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.5.465.

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An on-farm survey was conducted for two seasons (first and second rains of 1994) to determine influence of season and cropping systems on occurrence of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) diseases in Uganda. Viral diseases were widespread in both seasons but were more severe in the intercropped than in the nonintercropped cowpea. In contrast, scab, rust, and powdery mildew were less common and less severe when cowpea was grown in intercrops. High plant populations favored scab and anthracnose, but viral diseases were more severe under low plant populations. Higher incidence and severity of viral diseases, anthracnose, and scab were recorded during the first (wetter) season than during the second (drier) season. Disease level varied considerably among the common cultivars, but these differences may have been influenced by environmental differences.

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Locascio, S. J., and G. J. Hochmuth. "110 WATERMELON PRODUCTION AS INFLUENCED BY LIME, GYPSUM. AND POTASSIUM RATE." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 444a—444. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.444a.

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Watermelons [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] were grown with three rates each of lime, gypsum, and K during two seasons to evaluate their effects on fruit production and mineral concentration. The first experimental site was a recently cleared Sparr fine sand with an initial pH of 5.4 and Mehlich I extractable K of 32 ppm (low) and 948 ppm Ca. The second site was a virgin Pomona fine sand with a pH of 4.8, 28 ppm K, and 612 ppm Ca. `Crimson Sweet' fruit yield was reduced 10% with an increase in lime rate from to 4.48 Mt·ha-1 in the first season. In the second season, lime rate had no effect on yield. In both seasons, fruit yields were reduced 14% by an increase in Ca from gypsum from 0 to 1.12 Mt·ha-1. Fruit yields were not influenced by K rates from 90 to 224 kg·ha-1. Application of lime and gypsum increased leaf tissue Ca concentrations and decreased K. An increase in K application significantly increased leaf K and decreased Mg in the first season but not significantly in the second season. Fruit firmness and soluble solid content were not consistently affected by treatment.

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Janin, Yves L. "ATPase inhibitors of heat-shock protein 90, second season." Drug Discovery Today 15, no. 9-10 (May 2010): 342–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2010.03.002.

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23

Boland, RM, S. Chakraborty, and JAG Irwin. "Survival of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Stylosanthes scabra cv. Fitzroy during the dry season." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 5 (1995): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9950959.

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Infected stems of the tropical pasture legume Stylosanthes scabra cv. Fitzroy were assessed over two consecutive dry seasons to determine if Colletotrichum gloeosporioides survived as conidia on lesions formed during the previous wet season or as hyphae within infected tissue. In the second season, infected stem pieces placed on the soil surface (debris) and in a 15�C incubator at the beginning of the dry season were assessed in addition to the material from living plants. Infective conidia were present in sufficient numbers to be detected in all but the initial sample in each season, and C. gloeosporioides could be isolated from lesions on plant tissue throughout both dry seasons. Conidium density on live stems was variable in the first season, where no rain fell until the onset of the wet season in mid-November. Conidia were present in similar densities on stems throughout the second dry season, when intermittent light rain fell during the assessment period. The mean density of conidia was significantly higher on live stems than on debris or stems stored at 15�C. Large numbers of conidia were produced on stem pieces from living plants and debris after incubation under conditions conducive to sporulation. Conidia were, therefore, present or could be rapidly produced to initiate an epidemic once favourable conditions for dispersal and infection occurred.

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Cecílio Filho, Arthur Bernardes, Bráulio Luciano A. Rezende, and Caciana C. Costa. "Economic analysis of the intercropping of lettuce and tomato in different seasons under protected cultivation." Horticultura Brasileira 28, no. 3 (September 2010): 326–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362010000300015.

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Lettuce and tomato are vegetables that can be grown in protected cultivation, under given conditions. Considering their expensive production systems, intercropping might be an excellent alternative to optimize costs. Four experiments were carried out at the São Paulo State University (UNESP), at Jaboticabal, Brazil, to study the economic viability of intercropping lettuce and tomato under protected cultivation. To set the intercropping, lettuce was transplanted 0, 10, 20, and 30 days after transplanting (DAT) tomato and vice-versa, in two seasons, namely April to September 2003 and January to June 2004, when monocultures of both vegetables were also carried out. At the first planting season, operational profits (OP) in intercropping (lettuce transplanted 0, 10, and 20 DAT tomato) were higher than in monocultures. At the first season, the return rates (RR) and OP were very much alike, whereas at the second season, RR in intercropping were lower than in monoculture. Transplanting tomato after lettuce, at both the first and second seasons, resulted in higher OP than those in monocultures. RR, OP and the profitability index (PI) were higher at the first than at the second season, independent of the growing system. RR in intercropping, independently of the intercropping schedule, were higher than in monoculture. In general, PI of tomato in monoculture and in intercropping were quite similar and both were higher than PI in the monoculture of lettuce. The economic indexes confirmed the agronomic viability (expressed by the index of area use efficiency) of transplanting lettuce and tomato simultaneously in both growing seasons; transplanting lettuce 10 and 20 DAT tomato, in the second season; and transplanting tomato after lettuce in all studied schedules. The economic indexes reached their peaks when tomato and lettuce were transplanted at the same day, in the first growing season (in average): OP of BRL$ 12,948.63 (US$ 4,273.48) in 614.4 m-2; RR of 6.7% and IP of 85%.

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Saito, Reiko, Hiroshi Suzuki, Hitoshi Oshitani, Takatsugu Sakai, Nao Seki, and Naohito Tanabe. "The Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine Against Influenza A (H3N2) Virus Infections in Nursing Homes in Niigata, Japan, During the 1998-1999 and 1999-2000 Seasons." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 23, no. 2 (February 2002): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502011.

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Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of influenza vaccines against influenza-like illness (ILI) among nursing home residents.Design:Prospective, nonrandomized, cohort study.Setting:Nine nursing homes during the 1998-1999 influenza season and 11 nursing homes during the 1999-2000 influenza season in Niigata Prefecture, Japan.Participants:Six hundred ninety-nine residents and 440 healthcare workers (HCWs) during the first season, and 930 residents and 517 HCWs during the second season, with vaccination rates ranging from 0% to 97.7%.Results:Overall, ILI decreased from 24.3% during the 1998-1999 season to 8.8% during the 1999-2000 season. Multivariate analysis adjusted for several factors, including gender, age, underlying diseases, and resident and HCW vaccination rates, failed to demonstrate clear individual protection of residents (relative risk [RR], 1.42; P = .2 for the first season; RR, 0.95; P = .9 for the second season). However, vaccination rates of 60% or greater for residents and HCWs reduced the risk of ILI, and also could prevent outbreaks during the 2 seasons. Highly impaired activities of daily living and chronic respiratory diseases were significantly associated with increased ILI.Conclusions:A high vaccination rate for both residents and HCWs may reduce the risk of ILI and institutional outbreaks in nursing homes

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Mawlood, Essam A., H. H. Hamood, and E. S. Salah. "THE EFFECTS OF BAGGING ON FRUIT SET AND FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF DATE PALM KHASTAWI CV. (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA)." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1170c—1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1170c.

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This experiment was conducted to study the effects of bagging on fruit set, fruit characteristics and yield of Khastawi Date Palm CV. Two different types of bags were used: cloth and paper. The spadices were covered immediately at two different times during the first season; one month and the second continued until harvest time. Since positive results were obtained during the season, two extra bagging treatments were added in the second season (2 and 3 months). Unbagged spadices were used as control for both seasons. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the two types of bags. Moreover, bagging for either two or three months produced positive results in fruit set improvement and yield.

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Goldson, S. L., C. B. Dyson, J. R. Proffitt, E. R. Frampton, and J. A. Logan. "The effect ofSitona discoideusGyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on lucerne yields in New Zealand." Bulletin of Entomological Research 75, no. 3 (September 1985): 429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530001453x.

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AbstractThe impact of injury by larvae and adults ofSitona discoideusGyllenhal on lucerne production was studied in two consecutive seasons at two adjacent sites near Christchurch, New Zealand. The root-feeding larvae were found to be more damaging than the adults; in the first cut in the 1982–83 season in a three-year-old stand, larvae reduced dry matter yield by 18%. In the wetter following season in a one-year-old stand, second and third cut losses of 43 and 30% dry matter production, respectively, were recorded. In both seasons, the lucerne had apparently substantially recovered from larval damage by the time of the last cuts. In the drier 1982–83 season, two cuts were taken compared with four in the 1983–84 season. Adult feeding was found to reduce second cut wet yields by 20–30% in the 1982–83 season but had no measurable effect in the 1983–84 season. In both seasons, manipulated ranges of larval densities showed that damage appeared only when larval populations were in excess of a distinct larval population density threshold. At larval densities less than this threshold, yield was unaffected; above the threshold, yield losses were independent of larval density. Such a yield response curve was found to be adequately described mathematically by a simple arctan model; this approach allowed the threshold to be further defined and overall estimates to be made of the yield losses arising from larval damage. The threshold occurred at about 1200 larvae/m2in the dry season and about 2100 larvae/m2in the wet season. This suggested moisture sensitivity and the possibility that the crop may enter a damage-induced dormancy related to that observed during a severe drought.

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Tota, Łukasz, Marcin Maciejczyk, Ilona Pokora, Jerzy Cempla, Wanda Pilch, and Tomasz Pałka. "Changes in Endurance Performance in Young Athletes During Two Training Seasons." Journal of Human Kinetics 49, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0117.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to assess changes in endurance performance in young runners (females and males) during two training seasons. It involved 19 male and 16 female athletes aged 15-17 specializing in track-and-field middle and long distances runs. The following parameters were measured three times during the training season: maximal oxygen uptake, running economy, and the level of the second ventilatory threshold. Training volume and intensity during each season were analyzed within an 8-week period prior to the exercise tests. The volume and intensity of training at various stages of preparation in both seasons were similar. During the first year of observation, significant improvements in relative volume of maximal oxygen uptake were reported both in female and male athletes. During the second training season, it was found that running economy improved both in women and men, with no changes in maximal oxygen uptake. The same (in terms of volume and intensity) endurance training carried out with young runners during two consecutive training seasons can result in different training effects.

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Abi Saab, Marie Therese, Mohamed Houssemeddine Sellami, Pasquale Giorio, Angelo Basile, Antonello Bonfante, Youssef Rouphael, Salim Fahed, et al. "Assessing the Potential of Cereal Production Systems to Adapt to Contrasting Weather Conditions in the Mediterranean Region." Agronomy 9, no. 7 (July 17, 2019): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9070393.

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Variable rainfall, water stress, and spring frost are the main challenges for cereal growers in the Mediterranean region. The potential of wheat and barley to adapt to contrasting weather conditions was investigated through the adoption of no-till, supplemental irrigation and drought tolerant cultivars over a period of three years. Seasonal precipitation was 732, 336 and 685 mm in the first, second and third seasons, respectively. The second and third seasons were characterized by the occurrence of spring frost. No tillage did not affect productivity in either crop, while supplemental irrigation increased yield only in barley. For wheat, the grain yield was 60 and 43% respectively lower in the second and third seasons than in the first season. For barley, grain yield was 43% higher in the first season than the other two. The negative effect of frost on wheat yield was indirectly assessed by crop growth simulation. Principal component analysis shows that freezing temperatures associated with spring frost and rainfall both dictated crop growth and productivity.

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Moran, Renae E., and James R. Schupp. "Preplant Monoammonium Phosphate Fertilizer and Compost Affects the Growth of Newly Planted 'Macoun' Apple Trees." HortScience 38, no. 1 (February 2003): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.38.1.32.

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'Macoun'/Budagovsky 9 apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) trees were planted in May 1998 in one of four preplant treatments that were soil incorporation of: 1) control, no phosphorus (P); 2) 90 g P per tree; 3) 128 kg compost per tree; and 4) 90 g P and 128 kg compost per tree. Preplant addition of P had no effect on soil organic matter, P, magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) in the first three seasons after planting, but lowered soil potassium (K) in the second season. Foliar nutrients, tree growth and flowering were also not affected by P. The addition of compost increased soil organic matter and P in the first season after planting, and pH, K, Mg, and Ca in the first three seasons. The addition of compost increased foliar nitrogen and K in all three seasons, and decreased foliar Mg in the first season. Compost incorporation increased shoot length in the first season, trunk cross-sectional area in the first two seasons, tree height and the number of growing points in third season, and flowering in the third and fourth seasons. Compost addition was more effective than P fertilization for increasing tree growth during the establishment years.

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Endo, Tomonori, Daiya Asaka, Tsuguhisa Nakayama, Shota Saito, Hiroki Kodama, Ryoto Mitsuyoshi, Naoki Sugimoto, et al. "Long-term oral administration of transgenic rice containing cedar pollen T-cell epitopes potentially improves medication- and allergy-related quality-of-life scores." Allergy and Asthma Proceedings 42, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/aap.2021.42.210011.

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Background: We previously developed a transgenic rice that contains seven linked human predominant T-cell epitopes (7Crp) derived from Japanese cedar (JC) pollen allergens Cry j 1 and Cry j 2. Oral administration of 80 g of transgenic rice for 20 weeks suppressed allergen-specific T-cell proliferation in participants with JC pollinosis, but their clinical symptoms did not improve. Objective: We examined the clinical efficacy of low-dose (5 g and 20 g) intake of the transgenic rice administered for two successive seasons. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study, transgenic rice seeds (5 g or 20 g) were orally administered to the participants for 24 weeks in each of two successive JC pollen seasons. We analyzed T-cell proliferation and cytokine expression, and monitored symptom and medication scores during the pollen season. Quality of life (QOL) was evaluated by using the Japanese Allergic Rhinitis Quality of Life Standard Questionnaire (JRQLQ). Results: Specific T-cell proliferation after stimulation with 7Crp, Cry j 1, and Cry j 2 was significantly suppressed in the second JC pollen season. No significant differences were found among the three groups (5 g, 20 g, and placebo) with regard to clinical symptoms or medication scores in the first season. However, the medication scores and face scale for overall condition of JRQLQ improved in the 5-g transgenic rice group in the second season, although careful re-examination with a large sample size is necessary to confirm the results. Conclusion: Low-dose oral administration of transgenic rice that contains 7Crp significantly reduced allergen-specific T-cell responses and improved medication scores during the second season of administration. Thus, oral intake of the transgenic rice has the potential to induce immune tolerance to JC pollen allergens when administered for at least two successive seasons.

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Seron, Cássio De Castro, Roberto Rezende, Marcelo Zolin Lorenzoni, Álvaro Henrique Candido de Souza, Antonio Carlos Andrade Gonçalves, and Reni Saath. "IRRIGATION WITH WATER DEFICIT APPLYING MAGNETIC WATER ON SCARLET EGGPLANT." JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE 6, no. 4 (December 19, 2019): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32404/rean.v6i4.3809.

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The work aimed to evaluate the effect of irrigation with magnetically treated water on development, growth, and yield of the scarlet eggplant (Solanum gilo Raddi) cv. Morro Grande, in two growing seasons (autumn and spring). A completely randomized design in a 3x2 factorial scheme with three replications for the first growing season and 2x2 with five replications for the second growing season was used. Each experimental unit consisted of four plants spaced 0.75 m between plants and 1.00 m between rows. Factors consisted of irrigation using magnetically treated water, untreated water, three replacement of the crop evapotranspiration (50%, 75%, and 100% ETc) for the first growing season and two replacement of the crop evapotranspiration (75% and 100% ETc) for the second growing season. Stem diameter (millimeters), plant height (centimeters), shoot dry matter (grams), first flower and fruit (accumulated degree-days), number of fruits, fruit yield per plant (grams), and average fruit mass (grams) were evaluated. The water with magnetic treatment provided better results for the development variables, first flower, and first fruit in the second growing season. However, for the variables, stem diameter, plant height, shoot dry matter, fruit yield, and number of fruits, only the replacement irrigation depth factor obtained higher values for the 100% ETc than water-deficit treatments.

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KARNEEV, A. N. "IDEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL SPHERE DEVELOPMENT TRENDS: XI JINPING’S “SECOND SEASON”." World Economy and International Relations 63, no. 10 (2019): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2019-63-10-42-50.

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Gava, Ricardo, Richard Leslie Snyder, José Antônio Frizzone, Irineu Eduardo Kühn, Mayara Fávero Cotrim, and Gabriel Luiz Piati. "MAIZE SECOND SEASON IRRIGATED BY CENTER PIVOT IN SANDY SOIL." Revista Brasileira de Agricultura Irrigada 12, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 2554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7127/rbai.v12n200825.

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35

Napata, Ruby P., Liberty N. Espectato, and Genna D. Serofia. "Closed season policy in Visayan Sea, Philippines: A second look." Ocean & Coastal Management 187 (April 2020): 105115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105115.

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Białowarczuk, Marcin, and Agnieszka Szymczak. "Second season of prehistoric investigations in the Qumayrah Valley, Oman." Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27, no. 1 (April 11, 2018): 445–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2009.

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In the second field season of the Omani–Polish Qumayrah Archaeological Project, the prehistoric leg of the team conducted investigations of previously discovered lithic sites in the vicinity of Al-Ayn village. This paper summarizes the results of archaeological testing at three open campsites codenamed Qumayrah-Ayn (QA) 2, QA 6 and QA 12. The investigations provided new evidence of intensive Stone Age settlement of the Qumayrah Valley (also known as Wadi Fajj). The data, comprising lithic tools and some shell and stone beads, indicate that the occupation of these sites should be dated to various stages of the Neolithic period.

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Cleary, Andrew. "Hot Stove Economics: Understanding Baseball's Second Season (review)." NINE: A Journal of Baseball History and Culture 20, no. 1 (2011): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nin.2011.0036.

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38

Hartmann Filho, Cesar Pedro, André Luís Duarte Goneli, Tathiana Elisa Masetto, Elton Aparecido Siqueira Martins, Guilherme Cardoso Oba, and Valdiney Cambuy Siqueira. "Quality of second season soybean submitted to drying and storage." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 46, no. 3 (September 2016): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4641380.

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ABSTRACT Drying agricultural products reduces the moisture content to suitable levels for storage, in order to maintain the product quality. However, special care with the temperatures applied in the process is important for the integrity and longevity of the material. The present study aimed at determining the immediate and latent effect of air-drying temperatures on the quality of soybean produced as a second season crop. The grains were collected at the R8 stage, close to the physiological maturity, with moisture content of approximately 23 % (w.b.), submitted to drying temperatures of 40 ºC, 50 ºC, 60 ºC, 70 ºC and 80 ºC, up to a moisture content of 12.5 ± 0.7 % (w.b.), and then stored under non-controlled humidity and temperature for 180 days. Thereafter, quality was assessed every 45 days by determining the dry matter loss, color and crude protein and lipid contents, as well as the acidity and peroxide indices of the crude oil extracted. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the increase in the air-drying temperature affects the soybean quality and crude oil extracted, being this effect enhanced with the storage time; the soybean and crude oil quality decline with an increase in the air-drying temperature and storage time; the air temperature of 40 ºC has the least effect on the quality of soybean grains and crude oil extracted.

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González-Talice, J., J. A. Yuri, V. Lepe, J. Hirzel, and A. del Pozo. "Water use in three apple cultivars from the second season to sixth season in a drainage lysimeter." Scientia Horticulturae 146 (October 2012): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.07.034.

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40

Larsson, A., A. Uggla, P. J. Waller, and J. Höglund. "Performance of second-season grazing cattle following different levels of parasite control in their first grazing season." Veterinary Parasitology 175, no. 1-2 (January 2011): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.09.018.

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Kubheka, Bongani Petros, Mark Delmege Laing, and Kwasi Sackey Yobo. "An integrated approach to managing Rhizoctonia solani on maize in marginal soils: field studies." Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 51, no. 7 (May 9, 2018): 373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2018.1484329.

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A study was conducted over two seasons in a marginal soil with an acid saturation of 54%. A plant growth promoting rhizobacterium, Bacillus megaterium, a commercial biocontrol agent, Trichoderma harzianum Strain kd (Eco-T®), and soluble potassium silicate were used in this study. The objective was to control maize yield reduction caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG2 root rot isolated from infected maize. R. solani reduced maize yields significantly by 34% in the first season. However, the losses decreased in the second season from 34% to 10%. In the first season, combination of T. harzianum, B. megaterium and potassium silicate increased maize yields by 130%. The highest yield in the presence of R. solani was treatments with T. harzianum (216%) followed by T. harzianum plus potassium silicate (214%) and lastly T. harzianum plus B. megaterium (178%). However, in the second season, T. harzianum plus potassium silicate treatment resulted in the highest yields.

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Hudec, Jozef, Łukasz Jarmużek, Lucia Hulcova, Emil Fulajtar, Veronica Dubcova, Sławomir Rzepka, and Agnieszka Ryś. "Tell Retaba. Season 2017." Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27, no. 1 (April 11, 2018): 93–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1968.

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The 2017 season of archaeological excavation at the site of Tell el-Retaba in the Nile Delta in Egypt led to several interesting discoveries. Two of these concerned burials: a Hyksos tomb from the Second Intermediate Period, robbed but with some remains of the original furnishings, and pit burials from the early Eighteenth Dynasty, one of which was richly endowed with silver jewelry. Meriting note is the discovery of moats belonging to the defenses of the Nineteenth Dynasty fortress. Exploration of a crowded Third Intermediate Period settlement was continued.

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Legard, D. E., S. J. MacKenzie, J. C. Mertely, C. K. Chandler, and N. A. Peres. "Development of a Reduced Use Fungicide Program for Control of Botrytis Fruit Rot on Annual Winter Strawberry." Plant Disease 89, no. 12 (December 2005): 1353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-1353.

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Crop phenology and epidemiological information were used to design a reduced use fungicide program for control of Botrytis fruit rot in winter annual strawberry. Fungicide spray programs during early and late periods of the season using high and low rates of captan were evaluated with or without second peak bloom applications of fenhexamid during the 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 seasons. During the early harvest period, low rates of captan were as effective as high rates for controlling Botrytis fruit rot and maintaining yield. Late in the season, treatments with fenhexamid over the peak bloom period significantly improved control of Botrytis fruit rot and increased marketable yield. Application of both captan and fenhexamid during the second peak bloom did not reduce Botrytis fruit rot incidence or improve yield compared with fenhexamid alone during this time period. Late season applications of captan may be reduced or eliminated when bloom applications of fenhexamid are being applied without affecting Botrytis fruit rot control. The study generated new recommendations for use of low-rate applications of captan during the early season and applications of fenhexamid during the second peak bloom period for winter annual strawberry production in Florida.

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Viana Neto, Aderson Martins, Maria Gorete Flores Salles, Inti Campos Salles Rodrigues, Vicente José Figueirêdo Freitas, Arlindo Alencar Araripe Noronha Moura, and Airton Alencar De Araújo. "Insemination of dairy goats with estrus induced by the male effect during rainy and dry seasons in Northeastern Brazil." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 4, no. 1 (April 24, 2015): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v4i1.4303.

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This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of biostimulation (Male Effect) through kidding rate of artificially inseminated goats during rainy (March-April) and dry (August-September) seasons of 2012 at Ceara, Brazil. The male effect was effective regardless of season, resulting in 94.5% of goats in estrus. The pregnancy rate for the dry season (57.6%) was proportionally higher than the rainy season (44.4%). However, the kidding rate has tended (P = 0.074) to be higher in the dry season. In general, the second estrus was more conducive to pregnancy, either to rainy or dry season. Thus, the artificial insemination of goats with estrus induced and synchronized by the male effect can be a feasible management resulting in satisfactory productive and reproductive index.

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Albregts, E. E., G. A. Clark, C. D. Stanley, F. S. Zazueta, and A. G. Smajstrla. "Preplant Fertilization of Fruiting Microirrigated Strawberry." HortScience 26, no. 9 (September 1991): 1176–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.9.1176.

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Strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) was grown for two seasons with microirrigation. Preplant fertilizer treatments of zero, one, two, three, and four times the basic N and K rate of 17 and 15 kg·ha–1, respectively, were applied each season. Additional N and K were applied twice weekly through the microirrigation system at 1.12 and 0.92 kg·ha–1·day–1, respectively. Total marketable fruit yield and marketable fruit per plant were not affected by preplant fertilizer rate. The percentage of marketable fruit increased with increased preplant fertilizer to the 51N–45K (three times basic rate) kg·ha–1 rate the first season. Average fruit weight increased the first season but decreased the second season with increased preplant fertilizer. Plants were larger the first season in treatments receiving preplant fertilizer.

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Albregts, Earl E., George J. Hochnmth, Craig K. Chandler, John Cornell, and Jay Harrison. "Potassium Fertigation Requirements of Drip-irrigated Strawberry." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121, no. 1 (January 1996): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.1.164.

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`Oso Grande' and `Sweet Charlie' strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in 1991-92 and `Oso Grande' and `Seascape' in 1992-93 were grown in a K fertilization study using polyethylene-mulched and fumigated beds. Potassium was injected weekly into the drip irrigation system at 0.28,0.56,0.84, 1.12, and 1.40 kg K/ha per day. Early, March, and total-season marketable fruit yields were not affected by K rate during either season. The average fruit weight of `Oso Grande' for the early, March, and total-season harvest periods in the 1992-93 season decreased with increased K rate. For the same harvest periods, `Seascape' average fruit weight increased, decreased, and did not change, respectively, with increased K rate. Cull fruit yield during both seasons and fruit firmness during the 1992-93 season were not affected by K rate. Petiole sap, whole leaf, and leaf blade K concentrations increased with increasing K rates on most sampling dates during both seasons. `Oso Grande' and `Sweet Charlie' produced similar total marketable fruit yields the first season, but `Oso Grande' produced higher total yields than `Seascape' during all harvest periods of the second season.

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Kamel, S. M., A. E. H. Blal, H. M. Mahfouz, and M. Said. "Pollinator Fauna of Sesame Crop (Sesamum Indicum L.) in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt." Cercetari agronomice in Moldova 46, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10298-012-0083-9.

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Abstract A survey of insect pollinators associated with sesame, Sesamun indicum L. (Pedaliaceae), was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Suez Canal during the growing seasons of 2011 and 2012. All different insect pollinators which found on the experimental site were collected for identification. Sampling was done once a week and three times a day. Three methods were used to collect and identify insects from the sesame plants (a sweep net, pitfall traps, digital camera and eye observation). A total of 29 insect species were collected and properly identified during the survey. Insect pollinators which recorded on the plants were divided into four groups, 18 belonged to Hymenoptera, seven to Diptera, three to Lepidoptera and one to Coleoptera. Results revealed that honey-bee, Apis mellifera, was the most dominant species in the 2011 season and the second one in the 2012 season. Whereas small carpenter bees, Ceratina tarsata was the most dominant species in the 2012 season and the second one in the 2011 season. The percentage of Hymenoptera was higher in the two studied seasons by 90.94% and 89.59%, followed by Diptera by 3.93% and 5.38%, then Lepidoptera by 3.58% and 3.62, and in the last Coleoptera by 1.53% and 1.39%, respectively.

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EILITTÄ, M., L. E. SOLLENBERGER, R. C. LITTELL, and L. W. HARRINGTON. "ON-FARM EXPERIMENTS WITH MAIZE-MUCUNA SYSTEMS IN THE LOS TUXTLAS REGION OF VERACRUZ, MEXICO. I. MUCUNA BIOMASS AND MAIZE GRAIN YIELD." Experimental Agriculture 39, no. 1 (January 2003): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479702001126.

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Maize (Zea mays)-mucuna (Mucuna pruriens) systems have been promoted to the smallholder farmers of the Los Tuxtlas region of southeastern Veracruz, Mexico. To determine on-farm performance, an agronomic assessment was conducted in 1995–97 replicating farmer conditions in four fields. Treatments were first- and second-season maize with first-season mucuna (system Zm-Mp/Zm), first-season maize with first- and second-season mucuna (system Zm-Mp/Mp), second-season maize following first-season mucuna (system Mp/Zm), and first- and second-season maize, no mucuna control. Data on mucuna biomass amount and quality as well as maize yield, yield components, and nutrient status were collected. Highest mucuna biomass was obtained in system Mp/Zm (leaf-stem-mulch biomass in 1996/97, 7.34 t ha−1, 147 kg ha−1 N), followed by systems Zm-Mp/Mp (5.06 t ha−1, 101 kg N ha−1) and Zm-Mp/Zm (2.75 t ha−1, 50 kg N ha−1). Second-season maize yield was increased over that of the control by 45–58% (0.15–0.23 t ha−1) in system Zm-Mp/Zm and by 118% (0.60 t ha−1) in system Mp/Zm. Mucuna did not increase first-season maize yield. Climatic constraints make second-season maize production risky and yield increases due to mucuna are low in absolute terms, perhaps not offsetting labour costs (systems Zm-Mp/Zm and Mp/Zm) or loss of first-season maize (Mp/Zm).

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Bayona-Rodríguez, Cristihian Jarri, Iván Ochoa-Cadavid, and Hernán Mauricio Romero. "Impacts of the dry season on the gas exchange of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and interspecific hybrid (Elaeis oleífera x Elaeis guineensis) progenies under field conditions in eastern Colombia." Agronomía Colombiana 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v34n3.55565.

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Elaeis guineensis palms and its interspecific hybrid (E. oleifera x E. guineensis) were planted in 2004 in the Cuernavaca farm of Unipalma S.A., located in the municipality of Paratebueno (Cundinamarca, Colombia). The palms were planted in two fields: Mecasaragua and Aurora. The first field has never been irrigated, and the second one (Aurora) has always been flood-irrigated during the dry season according to the parameters of the plantation. In this study, physiological parameters (gas exchange and water potential) were assessed in three seasons of the year 2013 (dry season, dry-to-wet transition season and wet season). Significant gas exchange differences were found among the seasons in the field with no irrigation (Mecasaragua). Likewise, differences between the genetic materials were observed during the dry season. For example, the photosyn thesis decreased by 75% compared with the palms planted in the irrigated field. No differences among seasons or materials were found in the irrigated field (Aurora). E. guineensis palms were more sensitive to water stress compared with the OxG interspecific hybrid. Both genetic materials responded rapidly to the first rains by leveling their photosynthetic rates and demonstrated an excellent capacity to recover from water stress.

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Cozzi, Federico, Italo Pellegrini, Gianpiero Adami, Edoardo Reisenhofer, Massimo Bovenzi, and Pierluigi Barbieri. "Sulphur speciation of PM10 samples by XANES spectroscopy." Open Chemistry 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-009-0052-9.

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AbstractSulphur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy was used to identify sulphur compounds in PM10 samples collected simultaneously at two sites with different environmental situations in the province of Trieste (NE of Italy), during summer and winter seasons respectively. The first site is an industrial site located near a steel mill plant and the second is a coastal site. The sulphur speciation at the industrial site has shown the presence of the following sulphur compounds in both seasons: organic compounds (thiophenes or Polycyclic Aromatic Sulphur Heterocycles — PAHs) and sulphates while in the winter season sulphites were also present. In the coastal site organic compounds (thiophenes or PASHs) and sulphate were found during winter season, moreover bisulphates were found during summer season. Relative percentages of the different sulphur compounds have shown that sulphate is the most abundant form of sulphur in the industrial site samples during both seasons and in the coastal site sample collected during the winter season (> 98%); in the coastal site sample collected during the summer season the relative percentages of bisulphate and sulphate were around 40% and 60% respectively.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Second Season'

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