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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Second trimester

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Academic literature on the topic 'Second trimester'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Second trimester"

1

Otoikhila, OC, and SA Seriki. "A Comparative Study of Serum Sodium and Potassium Levels across the Three Trimesters of Pregnancy." Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 3 (August 10, 2023): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.cjog.1001137.

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Aim: To evaluate the serum sodium and potassium levels in the three trimesters of pregnancy in women. Methods: Four groups of healthy women between the ages of 20 and 30 years, volunteered for this study. Group 1: Non-pregnant women (control), Group 2: Pregnant women in their first trimester, Group 3: Pregnant women in their second trimester, Group 4: Pregnant women in their third trimester. Blood samples were collected by standard aseptic method and serum samples were analyzed for serum levels of sodium and potassium by the ion selective electrode method. Results were presented as MEAN ± SEM in tables and figures, p < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: The serum sodium concentrations in mmol/L were 135.3 ± 3.09, 136.3 ± 1.55, 139.0 ± 0.78, 139.8 ± 0.91 for control, first-trimester, second-trimester, and third-trimester subjects respectively. The potassium concentrations in mmol/L were 3.678 ± 0.26, 3.687 ± 0.13, 3.820 ± 0.11, 3.767 ± 0.07 for control, first-trimester, second trimester and third-trimester subjects respectively. The Bodyweight values in kg were 72.13 ± 2.11, 74.73 ± 2.05, 75.00 ± 1.72, 81.56 ± 4.24 for control, first-trimest, second-trimester, and third-trimester subjects respectively. Conclusion: Results indicate that the hormones of pregnancy altered the body weight of pregnant women, but did not change the serum sodium and potassium level across the three trimesters of pregnancy in women. This is an indication that the kidneys of healthy pregnant women can handle serum electrolyte load during the period of pregnancy.

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Kanekasu, Hitomi, Mayumi Nishioka, Shu Taira, and Hiroko Watanabe. "The Impact of Maternal Prenatal Depressive Symptoms and Anxiety on Infant Birth Weight in Japanese Primiparous Women." Women, Midwives and Midwifery 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36749/wmm.1.2.1-15.2021.

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Introduction: Depressive symptoms and anxiety are the most common mental health problems during pregnancy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between each trimester’s maternal depressive symptoms, anxiety, and infant birth weight. Methods: We recruited pregnant women in their second trimester. Participants’ blood and saliva were collected in the second trimester to investigate plasma cortisol and saliva oxytocin levels. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires that included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in the second and third trimesters. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was conducted using stepwise selection. Results: Eighty-one primiparas participated in the study. As the results of linear regression showed, gestational age, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, weight gain during pregnancy, and depressive symptoms in the third trimester were associated with infant birth weight. Depressive symptoms in the third trimester predicted lower infant birth weight. In contrast, depressive symptoms in the second trimester, state anxiety, and trait anxiety in both the second and third trimesters did not predict infant birth weight. Similarly, maternal plasma cortisol and saliva oxytocin levels were not related to infant birth weight. Conclusion: Maternal depressive symptoms in the third trimester predicted lower infant birth weight. Mental health care for depressive symptoms in late pregnancy might be important for infant birth weight increases.

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Hanafy, Samy, Neveen E. Srour, and Taymour Mostafa. "Female sexual dysfunction across the three pregnancy trimesters: an Egyptian study." Sexual Health 11, no. 3 (2014): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh13153.

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Background Pregnancy is a special period in the life of women characterised by physical, hormonal and psychological changes that, in conjugation with social and cultural influences, could affect women’s sexuality as well as couples’ sexual relationships. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate female sexual dysfunction (FSD) among the three pregnancy trimesters. Methods: A total of 300 healthy heterosexual pregnant Egyptian women with stable marital relationships were included. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire was used as a standard method for measuring female sexual function in each pregnancy trimester. Results: There was no significant relationship between FSD and women’s education, work, gravidity and parity. The incidence of FSD demonstrated significant alterations throughout pregnancy, being 68% in the first trimester, decreasing in the second trimester to 51% and increasing to 72% in the third trimester. Sexual desire decreased in the first trimester, was variable in the second trimester and decreased at the end of the third trimester (3.5 ± 1.2, 3.7 ± 1.2 and 3.4 ± 1.1 respectively). Sexual satisfaction declined significantly in the first trimester compared with the second and the third trimesters (4.2 ± 1.1, 4.8 ± 0.8 and 4.6 ± 1.0 respectively). Scores for the arousal, lubrication and orgasm domains were significantly decreased in the third trimester, where pain was increased in the second trimester compared with the first and third trimesters. Conclusion: Female sexual function is affected during pregnancy, with a significant change in all Female Sexual Function Index domains, especially in the first and third trimesters.

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Dhuru, Prachiti A., and Suraj B. Kanase. "Kinetic Evaluation of Pelvis during the Three Trimesters of Pregnancy and its Correlation to BMI." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 4 (June 25, 2022): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2022.9.4s.51.

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Background: Understanding differences in mechanics between pregnant and non-pregnant females are a first step toward identifying potential pathological mechanisms. Objectives: The objective was to investigate systematic changes in the range of motion of pelvis in all three trimesters of pregnancy and its correlation to BMI. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seventy-four primigravida pregnant females with age group of 20–30 years completed testing on three occasions (first trimester, second trimester, and third trimester) using goniometer. The patient was made comfortable and her height, weight was measured to calculate the BMI. Later with the help of goniometer range of motion of pelvis (hip and lumbar) was measured. Results: In this study, significant correlation was seen for anterior pelvic tilt, posterior pelvic tilt, and backward rotation for the first and third trimester. Very significant correlation was seen for anterior pelvic tilt, posterior pelvic tilt, lateral pelvic tilt, forward rotation, backward rotation in the second trimester, and for backward rotation in the third trimester. Extremely significant correlation was seen for posterior pelvic tilt in the first trimester, for anterior and posterior pelvic tilt in the second trimester, for posterior pelvic tilt in the third trimester. Conclusion: In this study, significant correlation was seen for the first and third trimester. Very significant correlation was seen for the second trimester and for third trimester. Extremely significant correlation was seen in the first trimester, second trimester, and third trimesters.

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Khan, Azadi, Naveed Asif, Raza Ullah, Taimoor Ashraf Khan, Asma Khan, and Saima Shakil Malik. "Establishing Reference Intervals for HBA1C in all three Trimesters of Pregnancy; A Cross-Sectional Study on Healthy Pregnant Women of Quetta, Baluchistan." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 73, no. 1 (February 23, 2023): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v73i1.4814.

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Objective: To establish the reference intervals in healthy pregnant females of Quetta, Baluchistan, for Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in all three trimesters of pregnancy. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pathology Department Combined Military Hospital, Quetta Pakistan, from Jun 2018 to Jun 2019. Methodology: Blood samples of healthy pregnant females were drawn for Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Fasting plasma glucose and haemoglobin were also measured to rule out hyperglycemia and anaemia. Samples for Glycated haemoglobin(HbA1c) were analyzed by Turbidimetric Immuno-inhibition (TINIA) method. For all the trimesters, 5th and 95th percentiles were taken as reference intervals for Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and compared for each trimester. Results: A total of 388 samples were taken, of which 136(35.05%) females were from the first trimester, 128(32.98%) and 124(31.97%) from the second and third trimesters, respectively. The mean age of the study population was 25.1±3.7 years in the first trimester, 26.7±4.5 years in the second-trimester while and the third trimester it was 26.8±4.8 years. In the first, second,and third trimesters, the reference intervals for Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were 3.8-5.2%, 4.1-5.4%, and 4.2-5.7%,respectively. Conclusion: For the exact diagnosis of hyperglycemia in pregnancy, each laboratory should establish its reference intervals of Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for each trimester as it varies from trimester to trimester.

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Rachma, Gading Nurhafiza, Irwanto Irwanto, and Dwi Izzati. "DIFFERENCES IN THE LEVEL OF ANXIETY OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE I, II, AND III TRIMESTER." Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal 8, no. 2 (April 28, 2024): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/imhsj.v8i2.2024.156-170.

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Background: Pregnancy is a physiological period that requires various adjustments to the changes that occur and can induce anxiety. Anxiety during pregnancy can be experienced from the first trimester to the third trimester. This anxiety can have negative impacts on both the mother and the fetus. This research aimed to determine the differences in the anxiety levels of pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters in the working area of the Gading Surabaya Health Center. Method: This is a quantitative research with an observational analytic method and a cross-sectional design. The study population consists of pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters in the working area of Gading Surabaya Health Center. The study involved 100 samples of pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters selected using the simple random sampling method. The instrument used is a questionnaire, namely the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS). The analysis method used is the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The statistical test results show a p-value (0.023) < α (0.05), indicating a significant difference in anxiety levels among pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters. Most pregnant women in the first trimester (56.7%) and second trimester (70.7%) did not experience anxiety symptoms, while pregnant women in the third trimester (51.7%) experienced mild to moderate anxiety. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in anxiety levels among pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters.

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HEMLATA, DR, QAMAR-UR NISA, RUBINA SOLANGI, Suresh Kumar Rathi, and Habib Ullah. "SECOND TRIMESTER PREGNANCY." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 04 (December 10, 2011): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.04.2640.

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Objective: To compare clinical efficacy and side effects of oral misoprotol with vaginal misoprostol for termination of second trimester pregnancy. Design: Interventional Quasi experimental. Setting: Gynae Unit III, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Period: 1st March 2006 to 31st August 2006. Methodology: Sixty patients were selected with thirty in each group i.e thirty for oral route (group A) and thirty for vaginal route(group B). The patients included in this study were those having singleton pregnancy with gestational age between 12 to 26 weeks requiring termination of pregnancy. A dose of 100ug to 200ug was used with maximum of 1200ug in each group of patients. Results: The subjects of either group were similar with respect to mean age, height, weight, parity, gestational age and pre induction Bishop Score. The success rate in group A was 94.4% as compared to group B was 86.8%. intra uterine death was the commonest indication in both groups found in 46.7% women of vaginal misoprostol group and 50% women of oral misoprostol group. Surgical evacuation was needed in 36.7% women of oral misoprostol group and 16.7% women of vaginal misoprostol group. Conclusions: The present study shows misoprostol to be effective for mid trimester abortions, both orally and vaginally, the later route is preferable because it requires lesser doses and produces a shorter induction – abortion interval. However safety data are needed to guide the route choice and well designed studies are necessary.

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Holtzclaw, Barbara J., and Sherrerd W. Urner. "Second-Trimester Termination." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 21, no. 3 (May 1992): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1992.tb02261.x.

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Khatun, M. Rokeya, Amina Khatun, and Md Nowshad Ali. "Comparison of Liver Function Tests in Normal Pregnancy with Non-pregnant Matched Controls." TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association 33, no. 1 (October 18, 2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/taj.v33i1.49820.

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Background: Change of liver biochemical profiles is normal during pregnancy. It is almost impossible to understand disease processes that can threaten women during pregnancy without understanding normal physiological change. Aim of this study is to evaluate changes in serum liver function tests in normal pregnant women in first, second and third trimester. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional comparative study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh in 2019. This study consists of 90 pregnant women and 90 matched control. Among the 90 pregnant women, 30 were in first trimester, 30 were in second trimester and 30 were in third trimester. Blood samples were taken for routine liver function and protein profiles Results: Serum total and direct bilirubin concentrations were significantly lower in second and third trimester. The mean ALP level was slightly increased in 2nd trimester and drastically increased in 3rd trimesters during pregnancy. Serum ALT and AST activity was significantly increased in third trimester. No significant change in serum total proteins concentration, but serum albumin concentration was significantly lower and serum globulin concentration was significantly higher in all three trimester. Serum albumin/globulin ratio was significantly reduced in second and third trimester. Conclusion: Relative values of various liver function tests during gestational trimesters appear to be the best guide to confirm the diagnosis and treatment strategies. Thus, gynecologists should routinely monitor liver function tests in all gestational trimesters to avoid the future complications to mother and offspring. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 17-24

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Mohammed, Marwa Thamir. "Physiological changes in iron and blood parameters during different pregnancy trimesters in pregnant women in Baghdad." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 29, no. 1 (October 31, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v29i1.81.

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SummaryThis work was carried out for four months in the province of Baghdad including many hospital in Bagdad during 1st of the November 2016 until 28 February 2017. 120 pregnant women included in the present study ranged in age from 14 - 42 years were randomly selected. Pregnant women were divided into three groups according to the different periods of pregnancy every trimester include 40 pregnant women divided to 20 pregnant women with anemia and 20 without anemia after taking a blood film and hemoglobin as a good adoption indicator for diagnosis of anemia, also, history taken by previously diagnosis and by physical examination. Result of the three trimesters in indicators the blood of pregnant women with or without anemia, showed that the first trimester all of the parameters of indicators the blood (Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC) were decreased in women with anemia compared with women without anemia, also in second and third trimester decreased. However, in second trimester the values of Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC decreased in women with anemia on the values of the first trimester. On the other hand a values of indicators the blood in a third trimester less than the second trimester. Indicator of iron (SI, TIBC, TS and SF) for women with anemia in first trimester was less than from women without anemia. However, in second trimester the values of SI, TIBC, TS and SF decreased in women with anemia on the values of the first trimester. Father more, the values of indicator of iron in a third trimester less than in the second trimester. When comparison in blood parameters (Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC) between 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester of pregnancy women noticed that the all parameters decreased gradually from the first trimesters to second to third trimester. Iron deficiency marked increase was famous in pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, due to high fetal and placenta growth rates and development of red cell mass mother. Thus anemia affects up to 70% of pregnant women. Blood indicators RBC, RDW, platelet and MPV for all pregnant women in the first trimester was decreased in women with anemia compared with women without anemia in all parameters of this, also in second and third trimester. Further more in second decreased from first, also in third less that from second. White blood cell and their various types (NEU, LYM, Mono, ESO and BASO) were impressed with the pregnant women with anemia in first and second trimesters WBC and NEU% increased but LYM%, Mono%, ESO% and BASO% decreased. However, in the third trimester WBC, NEU% and BASO% decreased but LYM%, Mono%, and EOS% increased. The results of the study found out that the is a clear correlation between anemia in pregnant women and some social factors, such as: occupation, monthly income and maternal education.

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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Second trimester"

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Mistry, Porus. "Contributing Factors to Late Second Trimester Ultrasounds." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626865.

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Di, Giovanni Jessica Louise. "Early second trimester amniotic fluid erythropoietin and pregnancy outcomes." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112615.

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The study objective was to determine whether early 2 nd trimester amniotic fluid (AF) erythropoietin (EPO) was associated with and predictive of (a) development of maternal gestational diabetes (GDM) and (b) the infant outcome parameters of (i) gestational age at birth (GAAB) assessed exclusively among spontaneous vaginal deliveries or (ii) birth weight (measured in grams and percentiles). Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay was used to determine the EPO concentration of 170 biobanked AF samples. Student's t-test revealed no difference between GDM and non-GDM subjects. AF EPO was not predictive of GAAB despite being significantly greater among preterm infants compared to post-term infants. In contrast, AF EPO was significantly higher among the smallest infants using both birth weight classification schemes. However, following inclusion of known covariates AF EPO was predictive of gram birth weight only. Early 2nd trimester AF EPO may emerge as a useful biomarker of fetal nutritional status and/or growth.

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Rubino, Maria. "Second trimester amniotic fluid insulin and glucose as predictors of macrosomia." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111582.

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Using second trimester amniotic fluid (AF), the objectives of this study were two-fold: 1) to investigate the relationship between AF glucose and insulin levels as a predictor of macrosomia and 2) to create a risk profile for macrosomia (LGA> 90th percentile) using a combination of AF glucose and insulin concentrations. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained from non-diabetic women (n = 542) undergoing age-related amniocentesis (12th to 22nd week). AF glucose was quantified using a standard hexokinase assay and AF insulin was quantified using the Beckman Access ultrasensitive assay system. Although LGA infants were found to have significantly higher concentrations of insulin and glucose in their 2nd trimester AF, logistic regressions showed that neither alone predicted the outcome of macrosomia. However, a Bayesian two-dimensional contour map plotted the risk for LGA using both AF glucose and insulin. The two-dimensional contour map illustrated the value in considering AF glucose and insulin together to predict LGA in newborns.

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Ramos-Orosco, Elizabeth J. "Comment on first trimester maternal serum analytes and second trimester uterine artery doppler in the prediction of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction." Taiwan Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622873.

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Økland, Inger. "Biases in second-trimester ultrasound dating related to prediction models and fetal measurements." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for laboratoriemedisin, barne- og kvinnesykdommer, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-16221.

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FEILKILDER VED ULTRALYD-BASERT TERMINFASTSETTELSE I 2. TRIMESTER, RELATERT TIL PREDIKSJONSMETODER OG MÅLINGER Rutineundersøkelsen med ultralyd rundt svangerskapsuke 17–19 har vært en viktig del av norsk svangerskapsomsorg siden den ble innført i 1986. Når skjer fødselen? — altså sikker fastsettelse av fødselstermin, er ett av spørsmålene rutineundersøkelsen skal gi svar på. Terminen er blitt bestemt ved at fosterstørrelsen måles med ultralyd og relateres til antatt fosteralder og derfra til beregnet ultralydtermin. Termindato er vanligvis basert på målinger av fosterets hodestørrelse, men lengden av lårbeinet kan også brukes. Det er viktig at modellene som brukes til terminberegning og målingene de baserer seg på, ikke har svakheter som fører til utilsiktede, systematiske feil i ultralydterminene. Vi har undersøkt 3 norske modeller for terminbestemmelse, ‘Snurra’, ‘Terminhjulet’ og ‘eSnurra’, og sammenliknet terminen som ble fastsatt med hver modell med det faktiske fødselstidspunktet. Vi har også gjort en studie der vi har vurdert om ultralydmålingene av fosterlårbein endres over tid som følge av tekniske forbedringer i ultralydmaskinene. Studie 1: I en database med 41 343 rutineundersøkelser utført ved St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, sammenliknet vi kvaliteten på terminene som ble fastsatt med de 2 tradisjonelle modellene Snurra og Terminhjulet. Vi fant systematiske avvik; Snurra beregnet termin for seint og Terminhjulet for tidlig i forhold til reelt fødselstidspunkt. Avvikene varierte med fosterstørrelsen på undersøkelsestidspunktet, de strakte seg fra 0 til 4 dager og i hver sin retning. Sannsynligvis skyldes avvikene at det litt snevre datagrunnlaget til de tradisjonelle modellene ikke er godt nok tilpasset den populasjonen de brukes i. Studie 2: I tillegg til de 2 tradisjonelle modellenes beregninger, så vi nå også på terminene som ble bestemt med en ny populasjonsbasert modell, eSnurra. Vi brukte en database med 9046 rutineundersøkelser fra Stavanger Universitetssjukehus. Resultatene for de 2 første modellene tilsvarte resultatene i Studie 1 både for terminer beregnet fra hodemål og fra lårbeinsmål. eSnurra predikerte stabile, korrekte ultralydterminer, uavhengig av fosterstørrelsen ved undersøkelsen. Studie 3: Vi ønsket å se om resultatene fra Studie 1 og 2 lot seg reprodusere også i en tredje populasjon og analyserte derfor 23 020 rutineundersøkelse fra Oppland fylke. Også her var resultatene stabile for eSnurra; avviket mellom fødselstidspunkt og ultralydtermin var stort sett mindre enn 1 døgn. For de 2 andre modellene var mønsteret det samme som tidligere påvist. Avvikene virker uunngåelige med de tradisjonelle, seleksjonsbaserte modellene. Studie 4: Strålebredden i ultralydapparatene blir smalere når teknologien blir bedre. Dette kan tenkes å påvirke lengdemålinger av strukturer som måles på tvers av lydstrålens retning. Vi sammenliknet strålebredde i gamle og nye maskiner og analyserte deretter 41 941 ultralydmålinger av fosterlårbein, samlet over en 18-års periode. Tekniske forbedringer har redusert strålebredden, og dette påvirker enkelte ultralydmålinger ved at strukturen blir målt kortere. Gamle måletabeller kan gi feil resultat. Konklusjon: En undersøkelse som tilbyes alle gravide bør være standardisert og resultatene til å stole på. En termindato med avvik på 4 dager kan ha konsekvenser både for behandling av svært preterme fostre og for håndtering av overtidige svangerskap. En populasjonsbasert modell for terminfastsettelse (eSnurra) synes å være bedre tilpasset norske svangerskap enn de tradisjonelle modellene.

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Tisi, Daniel Kevin. "Association of second trimester amniotic fluid constitutents with emergence of gestational diabetes mellitus." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100213.

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Our objectives were to measure concentrations of glucose, insulin, insulin-like-growth-factor-binding-protein-1 (IGF BP1) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) in amniotic fluid (AF), and establish if these concentrations were associated with emergence of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). AF samples (n=408) were collected following routine amniocentesis (12-22 weeks gestation). Glucose and insulin concentrations were elevated in our GDM mother-infant pairs, where GDM was associated with a 176g increase in birth weight. Logistic regression showed that AF glucose but not insulin was associated with developing GDM. Non-linear Bayesian probability plots showed that when 2nd trimester glucose was plotted against insulin increases in both were predictive of the subsequent emergence of GDM. In conclusion, our findings show that: (1) AF glucose but not insulin predicts subsequent emergence of GDM and (2) these observed elevations provide evidence that the fetus of GDM mothers is being exposed early in-utero to metabolic perturbations (i.e. elevated glucose) that may have important long-term metabolic consequences for their future development.

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Holding, Stephen. "Aspects of biochemical screening for Down's syndrome in the second trimester of pregnancy." Thesis, University of Hull, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301635.

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Stewart, Chantal Juanita Michelle. "The value of routine histological examination of curettings in all first and second trimester abortions." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27135.

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A prospective study was carried out to assess whether, in first and second trimester abortions, the clinical diagnosis together with the macroscopic appearance of the curettings was an accurate guide to the correct diagnosis, and whether routine histological examination of all curettings was therefore necessary. The study included 1 464 consecutive patients presenting to the Gynaecology Department at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town with clinically diagnosed abortions during the period 1st February 1988 to 31st December 1988. The correlation between the macroscopic appearance and histological examination compatible with the diagnosis of abortion was found to be 86%. Where the diagnosis was in doubt this correlation was lower. The sensitivity of using the macroscopic appearance as a screening test for the diagnosis of abortion was 96%, with a positive predictive value of 91%. The kappa statistic of agreement between macroscopic appearance and histology was 0,26. The incidence of gestational trophoblastic disease in this series was 0.06%. The diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was not aided by the use of routine histology.

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Schiavo, Andrea Alex. "Amniotic fluid stem cells from second and third trimester, comparison and potency for regenerative medicine." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423031.

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Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells (AFSCs) can be isolated from the amniotic fluid after amniocentesis that pregnant women undergo during the second trimester of pregnancy, this population has already been characterised and share common features between embryonic stem cells and adult mesenchymal stem cells. AFSCs are identified by specific markers; this study – as already published – focuses on the CD117 (c-Kit) positive fraction of AFSCs. Those cells are of great interest for regenerative medicine purposes considering their potential of differentiation and the relative constant availability, moreover retrieving prenatal autologous cells can offer new strategies for new-borns with congenital malformations or diseases. This study was intended to explore the possibility of isolating AFSCs at term of pregnancy (so at the third trimester, retrieving the amniotic fluid during delivery). Comparison on phenotype and test of potential for different lineages differentiation has been investigated on cells from both trimesters. These cells have a great potential also because they can be kept in culture and their number significantly increased for successive applications. Hypoxia is also a well-known factor that influence culture of stem cells, cultivating cells at lower oxygen tension has already demonstrated various beneficial effects on other stem cells so it has been decided to try this approach to ameliorate the expansion of AFSCs. In vivo experiments were performed to verify in vitro results on angiogenic potential of AFSCs.
Le cellule staminali del liquido amniotico (AFSCs) possono essere isolate dal liquido amniotico in seguito ad amniocentesi cui le donne incinte si sottopongono durante il secondo trimestre della gravidanza, questa popolazione è già stata caratterizzata e condivide proprietà comuni fra le cellule staminali embrionali e le cellule staminali adulte mesenchimali. Le AFSCs possono essere identificate tramite specifici marcatori; in questo studio – com’è già stato pubblicato – si è puntata l’attenzione sulla frazione positiva per CD117 (c-Kit). Queste cellule sono di grande interesse ai fini della medicina rigenerativa, considerando il loro potenziale di differenziamento e la relativa costante disponibilità, inoltre il recupero di cellule prenatali di origine autologa offre la possibilità di nuove strategie per curare i neonati con malformazioni congenite o altre malattie. In questo studio si è voluto esplorare la possibilità di isolare le AFSCs al termine della gravidanza (quindi al terzo trimestre, recuperando il liquido amniotico durante il parto). Sono stati investigati i fenotipi e le potenzialità differenziative di entrambi i trimestri. Queste cellule hanno anche un grande potenziale poiché possono essere mantenute in cultura e il loro numero significativamente aumentato per successive applicazioni. L’ipossia è un ben conosciuto fattore che influenza la coltura delle cellule staminali; coltivare le cellule in basse tensioni di ossigeno è già stato dimostrato avere un effetto benefico su altre cellule staminali, è stato quindi deciso di provare quest’approccio per migliorare l’espansione delle AFSCs. Sono stati effettuati esperimenti in vivo per verificare il potenziale angiogenico delle AFSCs.

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De, La Torre Mary McCarter. "Maternal anthropometric measures and nutrient intake during the second trimester of pregnancy of normal weight and overweight gravidas." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45644.

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Height, skinfold, and circumference measurements were obtained from 29 normal weight and 17 overweight (>110% of desirable weight for height) healthy pregnant women every four weeks during their second trimester of pregnancy. The mean weight gain and food intake values were not significantly different for both groups. Measurements increased at a greater rate for the normal weight gravidas than for the overweight gravidas in almost every case. For both groups, increases in fat stores were greater in the central sites than in the peripheral sites. No clear relationship between age, prepregnant weight, and weight gain during the second trimester with the birthweight of the baby was found. The infant birthweights of both groups were at an optimal level ( >2500 grams) except for one (born to the mother 151% of her desirable weight for height). The similarity in results for the two groups is greatly due to there not being a large enough difference in prepregnant weights between the two groups. Nevertheless, the results do lend support to a 20 to 30 pound weight gain for an optimal outcome of pregnancy for healthy pregnant women with a wide range of prepregnancy weights. Those women 150% or more of their desirable weight for height may need to gain on the lower end of the spectrum due to their excess endogenous reserves and to possible harm to the fetus with large gains.
Master of Science

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Books on the topic "Second trimester"

1

Postans, Richard James. Regional cellular proliferative activity in the second trimester human foetal brain. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1994.

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Akoury, Hani. A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the use of misoprostol for second trimester pregnancy temination associated with fetal malformation. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2002.

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Seaward, P. Gareth R. Integrated maternal serum screening and nuchal skin fold thickness measurements in the second trimester prenatal diagnosis of fetal down syndrome. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2003.

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J, Wald N., National Co-ordinating Centre for HTA (Great Britain), and Health Technology Assessment Programme, eds. First and second trimester antenatal screening for Down's syndrome: The results of the serum, urine and Ultrasound Screening Study (SURUSS). Alton: Core Research on behalf of the NCCHTA, 2003.

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Hagen, Andreas. Sonographische Pränataldiagnostik: Zweittrimesterscreening. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2014.

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Dong, Jing-fei. Morphological and biochemical characterization of human second trimester foetal dopaminergic neurones and identification of factors influencing their survival and preservation in vitro: A study related to clinical neural transplantation for Parkinson's disease. Wolverhampton: University of Wolverhampton, 1993.

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D. A. F. van Lith, Mostyn P. Embrey, M. J. N. C. Keirse, and J. Bennebroek Gravenhorst. Second Trimester Pregnancy Termination. Springer Netherlands, 2011.

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Berger, Gary S., W. E. Brenner, and L. G. Keith. Second-Trimester Abortion: Perspectives after a Decade of Experience. Springer, 2012.

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Soto, Claudio, Joseph Altman, and Shirley A. Bayer. Human Brain During the Second Trimester. Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.

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Altman, Joseph, and Shirley A. Bayer. Human Brain During the Second Trimester. Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Second trimester"

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Goyal, Swati. "Second Trimester." In Essentials of Abdomino-Pelvic Sonography, 105–7. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2018]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351261203-18.

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Potts, Stacy, and Sara G. Shields. "Second Trimester." In Women-Centered Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth, 79–82. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429272219-18.

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Bault, Jean-Philippe, and Laurence Loeuillet. "Second- and Third-Trimester Pathologies." In The Normal and Pathological Fetal Brain, 153–285. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19971-9_7.

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Gnanaprakasam, Rachel. "First and Second Trimester Emergencies." In Clinical Pathways in Emergency Medicine, 781–95. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2710-6_63.

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Skomorovsky, Elena, John Gullett, and David C. Pigott. "Second- and Third-Trimester Pregnancy." In Emergency Point-of-Care Ultrasound, 143–51. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119072874.ch12.

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Belciug, Smaranda, and Dominic Iliescu. "Second Trimester and Artificial Intelligence." In Intelligent Systems Reference Library, 137–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18154-2_4.

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Giglia, Robert V., Kara L. Mayden, and Norbert Gleicher. "Second and Third Trimester Bleeding." In A Practical Guide to Real-Time Office Sonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 127–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8348-6_16.

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Peavey, Mary C., and Sarah K. Dotters-Katz. "Mid-Gestation and Second Trimester." In Ultrasound of Mouse Fetal Development and Human Correlates, 31–44. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Series: Reproductive medicine and assisted reproductive techniques series: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315114736-3.

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Hern, Warren M. "Evolution of Second Trimester Abortion Techniques." In Prevention and Treatment of Contraceptive Failure, 125–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5248-8_19.

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Songster, Giuliana S. "Second- and Third-Trimester Obstetric Ultrasound." In Management of Common Problems in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 200–202. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444323030.ch44.

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Conference papers on the topic "Second trimester"

1

Möllers, M., C. Porschen, K. Oelmeier, J. Braun, J. Steinhard, HA Köster, and R. Schmitz. "Second Trimester Fetal Thymus Size in Association to Preterm Birth." In 30. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Perinatale Medizin – „Wandel als Herausforderung“. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1739768.

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Kokovidou, T., T. Sivvas, and P. Tsikouras. "Antepartum bleeding second and third trimester of pregnancy and fetal outcome." In 62. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe – DGGG'18. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1671588.

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Shan, B. Priestly, and M. Madheswaran. "Nonlinear cost optimization scheme for feature segmentation in second trimester fetal images." In 2009 IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2009.5069364.

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Li, Kai, Lei Ma, Yan Xiang, Xiaodong Han, Long Li, and Baosheng Zhu. "Second-trimester triple serum tests in women screening for down's syndrome: A meta analysis." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Big Data Analysis (ICBDA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbda.2016.7509847.

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Pan, Yu-Ping. "Clinical Value of Ultrasonography in Screening Turner Syndrome(45,X) During the Second Trimester." In 2016 5th International Conference on Measurement, Instrumentation and Automation (ICMIA 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmia-16.2016.36.

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Sonia, R., and V. Shanthi. "Statistical analysis of nasal bone detection from ultrasound fetal images during first and second trimester." In 2014 2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Technology (ICCTET). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icctet.2014.6966343.

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Nirmala, S., and V. Palanisamy. "Estimation of naso frontal angle for detection of Down syndrome in second trimester fetal images." In ICWET '10: International Conference and Workshop on Emerging Trends in Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1741906.1742086.

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Teng, Clare, Lok Hin Lee, Jayne Lander, Lior Drukker, Aris T. Papageorghiou, and J. Alison Noble. "Skill Characterisation of Sonographer Gaze Patterns during Second Trimester Clinical Fetal Ultrasounds using Time Curves." In ETRA '22: 2022 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3517031.3529637.

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Gorikov, Igor, and Irina Andrievskaya. "RELATIONSHIP OF IMMUNO-HISTOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE PLACEENTA IN EXACERBATION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRAL INFECTION IN THE SECOND TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY." In XIV International Scientific Conference "System Analysis in Medicine". Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/conferencearticle_5fe01d9c510d54.83584889.

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The relationship between the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the placenta homogenate and its histometric parameters in women during physiological pregnancy and during pregnancy complicated by an exacerbation of cytomegalovirus infection in the second trimester of gestation, leading to the development of chronic compensated placental insufficiency, was studied.

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Lakra, Praveen Paul, Ashish Kumar, Narayanaswamy Mohanram, Ganapathy Krishnamurthi, and Arun Kumar Thittai. "Deep-Learning based Identification of Frames Containing Foetal Gender Region During Early Second Trimester Ultrasound Scanning." In 2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ultsym.2019.8926270.

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Reports on the topic "Second trimester"

1

Wernerfelt, Nils, David Slusky, and Richard Zeckhauser. Second Trimester Sunlight and Asthma: Evidence from Two Independent Studies. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20599.

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Fields, Michael J., Mordechai Shemesh, and Anna-Riitta Fuchs. Significance of Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptors in Bovine Pregnancy. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568790.bard.

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Oxytocin has multiple actions in bovine reproductive tract and it was our purpose to determine the nature of these actions and their significance for the physiology of bovine reproduction. The bovine oxytocin receptors (OTR) gene was cloned and its expression studied during the cycle and pregnancy. OTR mRNA changed in parallel with OTR with control occurring mainly at the transcriptional level. However, the endocrine regulation of OTR were found in endometrium and cervical mucosa at estrus and at parturition. In both tissues OTR were suppressed in the luteal phase and early pregnancy. Whereas cervical OTR remained suppressed throughout pregnancy, endometrial OTR began to increase soon after implantation and reached higher concentrations in midpregnancy than at estrus. OTR in caruncles did not increase until third trimester, and OTR in cervical mucosa, cotyledons and fetal membranes increased only at term. Myometrial OTR showed less variation and OTR were present throughout the cycle and pregnancy but increased significantly during mid- and late pregnancy. OTR were localized in endometrial epithelial cells and lumina epithelial cells of cervical mucosa as determined by immunohistochemistry. Endometrial OTR were functional throughout pregnancy and mediated PGF release from day 50 onwards in a receptor density related manner. OTR in cervical mucosa mediated PGE release both in vivo and in vitro, as shown in cyclic cows. The ontogeny of uterine OTR was studied from third trimester fetal stage until puberty. OTR were present in endometrium and cervical mucosa in high concentrations throughout this period; myometrial OTR began to increase somewhat later but also reached adult values by 6-mo of age. In the prepuberal heifers OT injections failed to initiate PGF2a, release. The influence of steroids on the effect of OT was examined. Ovariectomy and E2 were without effect, but P4 with or without E2 induced a massive PGF2a release in response to OT in spite of reduced OTR. Bovine cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) were cloned and their expression studied in the endometrium of prepuberal heifers and pregnant cows. Untreated and E2 treated prepuberal heifers did not express COX-2 but P4 treated heifers did express the mRNA for COX-2, albeit weakly. During the second half of pregnancy COX-2 mRNA was strongly expressed in cotyledons and somewhat less in caruncles, whereas endometrium, myometrium and cervical mucosa showed only weak, if any, COX-2 mRNA under basal conditions. However, 2 h after OT injection significant increases in COX-2 mRNA were found in endometrial RNA. Thus OT is capable of inducing the expression of the inducible COX-2 gene, and hence the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostanoids. The results indicate that the functions of OT are numerous and probably essential for successful pregnancy and parturition.

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Splitter, Gary, and Menachem Banai. Microarray Analysis of Brucella melitensis Pathogenesis. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7709884.bard.

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Original Objectives 1. To determine the Brucella genes that lead to chronic macrophage infection. 2. To identify Brucella genes that contribute to infection. 3. To confirm the importance of Brucella genes in macrophages and placental cells by mutational analysis. Background Brucella spp. is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular bacterium that infects ruminants causing abortion or birth of severely debilitated animals. Brucellosis continues in Israel, caused by B. melitensis despite an intensive eradication campaign. Problems with the Rev1 vaccine emphasize the need for a greater understanding of Brucella pathogenesis that could improve vaccine designs. Virulent Brucella has developed a successful strategy for survival in its host and transmission to other hosts. To invade the host, virulent Brucella establishes an intracellular niche within macrophages avoiding macrophage killing, ensuring its long-term survival. Then, to exit the host, Brucella uses placenta where it replicates to high numbers resulting in abortion. Also, Brucella traffics to the mammary gland where it is secreted in milk. Missing from our understanding of brucellosis is the surprisingly lillie basic information detailing the mechanisms that permit bacterial persistence in infected macrophages (chronic infection) and dissemination to other animals from infected placental cells and milk (acute infection). Microarray analysis is a powerful approach to determine global gene expression in bacteria. The close genomic similarities of Brucella species and our recent comparative genomic studies of Brucella species using our B. melitensis microarray, suqqests that the data obtained from studying B. melitensis 16M would enable understanding the pathogenicity of other Brucella organisms, particularly the diverse B. melitensis variants that confound Brucella eradication in Israel. Conclusions Results from our BARD studies have identified previously unknown mechanisms of Brucella melitensis pathogenesis- i.e., response to blue light, quorum sensing, second messenger signaling by cyclic di-GMP, the importance of genomic island 2 for lipopolysaccharide in the outer bacterial membrane, and the role of a TIR domain containing protein that mimics a host intracellular signaling molecule. Each one of these pathogenic mechanisms offers major steps in our understanding of Brucella pathogenesis. Strikingly, our molecular results have correlated well to the pathognomonic profile of the disease. We have shown that infected cattle do not elicit antibodies to the organisms at the onset of infection, in correlation to the stealth pathogenesis shown by a molecular approach. Moreover, our field studies have shown that Brucella exploit this time frame to transmit in nature by synchronizing their life cycle to the gestation cycle of their host succumbing to abortion in the last trimester of pregnancy that spreads massive numbers of organisms in the environment. Knowing the bacterial mechanisms that contribute to the virulence of Brucella in its host has initiated the agricultural opportunities for developing new vaccines and diagnostic assays as well as improving control and eradication campaigns based on herd management and linking diagnosis to the pregnancy status of the animals. Scientific and Agricultural Implications Our BARD funded studies have revealed important Brucella virulence mechanisms of pathogenesis. Our publication in Science has identified a highly novel concept where Brucella utilizes blue light to increase its virulence similar to some plant bacterial pathogens. Further, our studies have revealed bacterial second messengers that regulate virulence, quorum sensing mechanisms permitting bacteria to evaluate their environment, and a genomic island that controls synthesis of its lipopolysaccharide surface. Discussions are ongoing with a vaccine company for application of this genomic island knowledge in a Brucella vaccine by the U.S. lab. Also, our new technology of bioengineering bioluminescent Brucella has resulted in a spin-off application for diagnosis of Brucella infected animals by the Israeli lab by prioritizing bacterial diagnosis over serological diagnosis.

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