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Journal articles on the topic 'Secondary inflorescence meristem'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 September 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Salazar-García, Samuel, Elizabeth M. Lord, and Carol J. Lovatt. "Inflorescence and Flower Development of the `Hass' Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) during “On” and “Off” Crop Years." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123, no. 4 (1998): 537–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.123.4.537.

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Inflorescence and flower development of the `Hass' avocado (Persea americana Mill.) were investigated at the macro- and microscopic level with three objectives: 1) to determine the time of transition from vegetative to reproductive growth; 2) to develop a visual scale correlating external inflorescence and flower development with the time and pattern of organogenesis; and 3) to quantify the effect of high (“on”) and low (“off”) yields on the flowering process. Apical buds (or expanding inflorescences) borne on summer shoots were collected weekly from July to August during an “on” and “off” cro

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Salazar-García, Samuel, Elizabeth M. Lord, and Carol J. Lovatt. "Inflorescence Development of the `Hass' Avocado: Commitment to Flowering." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 124, no. 5 (1999): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.124.5.478.

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The developmental stage at which the shoot primary axis meristem (PAM) of the `Hass' avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is committed to flowering was determined. Three-year-old trees were subjected to low-temperature (LT) treatments at 10/7 °C day/night with a 10-h photoperiod for 1 to 4 weeks followed by 25/20 °C day/night at the same photoperiod. Before LT treatment, apical buds of mature vegetative shoots consisted of a convex PAM with two lateral secondary axis inflorescence meristems lacking apical bracts each associated with an inflorescence bract. Apical buds did not change anatomically d

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3

Gisel, A., S. Barella, F. D. Hempel, and P. C. Zambryski. "Temporal and spatial regulation of symplastic trafficking during development in Arabidopsis thaliana apices." Development 126, no. 9 (1999): 1879–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.9.1879.

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Plasmodesmata provide symplastic continuity linking individual plant cells. However, specialized cells may be isolated, either by the absence of plasmodesmata or by down regulation of the cytoplasmic flux through these channels, resulting in the formation of symplastic domains. Maintenance of these domains may be essential for the co-ordination of growth and development. While cells in the center of the meristem divide slowly and remain undifferentiated, cells on the meristem periphery divide more frequently and respond to signals determining organ fate. Such symplastic domains were visualized

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4

Lev-Yadun, Simcha, and Moshe A. Flaishman. "THE EFFECT OF SUBMERGENCE ON ONTOGENY OF CAMBIUM AND SECONDARY XYLEM AND ON FIBER LIGNIFICATION IN INFLORESCENCE STEMS OF ARABIDOPSIS." IAWA Journal 22, no. 2 (2001): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000275.

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The inflorescence stem of Arabidopsis thaliana is characterized by a wavy ring of lignified fibers inward to the cortex. In young stems, primary fibers develop from the ground meristem, forming the outer part of the pith, while in mature stems the fiber system is comprised both of these primary fibers as well as secondary ones that differentiate from the cambium. Typically, the cambium formed in the inflorescence stem is not always continuous. Therefore, the secondary xylem and the secondary parts of the wavy band of fibers are usually formed only in sectors at the circumference. Submergence o

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5

Hosni, Hanene, Abdoulaye Diallo, Fabienne Morcillo, et al. "Redox-related gene expression and sugar accumulation patterns are altered in the edible inflorescence produced by the cultivated form of pacaya palm (Chamaedorea tepejilote)." Annals of Botany 128, no. 2 (2021): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab060.

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Abstract Background and Aims The pacaya palm is a dioecious neotropical palm species that is exploited in Latin America for its male inflorescence, which is edible when immature. It is cultivated, in a non-intensive manner, in Guatemala, where a morphotype occurs that produces much larger, more highly branched inflorescences compared with wild palms. We sought to identify molecular factors underlying this phenotypic divergence, which is likely to be a product of domestication. Methods We performed RNA-seq-based studies on immature pacaya palm male inflorescences in order to identify genes that

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6

Yin, Changxi, Yanchun Zhu, Xuefei Li, and Yongjun Lin. "Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Grain Number Determination in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2 (2021): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020728.

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Rice grain yield is a complex trait determined by three components: panicle number, grain number per panicle (GNPP) and grain weight. GNPP is the major contributor to grain yield and is crucial for its improvement. GNPP is determined by a series of physiological and biochemical steps, including inflorescence development, formation of rachis branches such as primary rachis branches and secondary rachis branches, and spikelet specialisation (lateral and terminal spikelets). The molecular genetic basis of GNPP determination is complex, and it is regulated by numerous interlinked genes. In this re

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Zagórska-Marek, Beata, Magdalena Turzańska, and Klaudia Chmiel. "Verbena officinalis Verbenaceae (Lamiales): a new plant model system for phyllotaxis research." Journal of Plant Research 134, no. 3 (2021): 441–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10265-021-01288-2.

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AbstractPhyllotactic diversity and developmental transitions between phyllotactic patterns are not fully understood. The plants studied so far, such as Magnolia, Torreya or Abies, are not suitable for experimental work, and the most popular model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, does not show sufficient phyllotactic variability. It has been found that in common verbena (Verbena officinalis L.), a perennial, cosmopolitan plant, phyllotaxis differs not only between growth phases in primary transitions but also along the indeterminate inflorescence axis in a series of multiple secondary transitions.

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8

Ma, Yan-Qin, Zuo-Qian Pu, Xiao-Min Tan, et al. "SEPALLATA-like genes of Isatis indigotica can affect the architecture of the inflorescences and the development of the floral organs." PeerJ 10 (March 1, 2022): e13034. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13034.

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Background The architecture of inflorescence and the development of floral organs can influence the yield of seeds and have a significant impact on plant propagation. E-class floral homeotic MADS-box genes exhibit important roles in regulation of floral transition and differentiation of floral organs. Woad (Isatis indigotica) possesses unique inflorescence, floral organs and fruit. However, very little research has been carried out to determine the function of MADS-box genes in this medicinal cruciferous plant species. Results SEPALLATA orthologs in I. indigotica were cloned by degenerate PCR.

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Hubbard, Lauren, Paula McSteen, John Doebley, and Sarah Hake. "Expression Patterns and Mutant Phenotype of teosinte branched1 Correlate With Growth Suppression in Maize and Teosinte." Genetics 162, no. 4 (2002): 1927–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/162.4.1927.

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Abstract The evolution of domesticated maize from its wild ancestor teosinte is a dramatic example of the effect of human selection on agricultural crops. Maize has one dominant axis of growth, whereas teosinte is highly branched. The axillary branches in maize are short and feminized whereas the axillary branches of teosinte are long and end in a male inflorescence under normal growth conditions. Previous QTL and molecular analysis suggested that the teosinte branched1 (tb1) gene of maize contributed to the architectural difference between maize and teosinte. tb1 mutants of maize resemble teo

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10

Hodel, Donald R. "Biology of Palms and Implications for Management in the Landscape." HortTechnology 19, no. 4 (2009): 676–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.19.4.676.

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Comprising a natural and distinctive group, palms (Arecaceae) differ from other woody plants in their structure and growth features that require or offer unique and sometimes advantageous landscape management opportunities. Although palms are a mostly tropical group that lacks dormancy and cold tolerance, there are numerous species possessing sufficient cool or cold hardiness to be suitable for landscaping in subtropical and even some temperate areas. The habit of palms is largely dependent on the number of stems and the length to which they elongate. There are solitary or multistemmed palms a

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Hodel, Donald R. "Biology of Palms and Implications for Management in the Landscape." HortTechnology 19, no. 4 (2009): 676–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.19.4.676.

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Comprising a natural and distinctive group, palms (Arecaceae) differ from other woody plants in their structure and growth features that require or offer unique and sometimes advantageous landscape management opportunities. Although palms are a mostly tropical group that lacks dormancy and cold tolerance, there are numerous species possessing sufficient cool or cold hardiness to be suitable for landscaping in subtropical and even some temperate areas. The habit of palms is largely dependent on the number of stems and the length to which they elongate. There are solitary or multistemmed palms a

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12

Sun, Zhanglun, Tianrun Mei, Xuan Tan, et al. "The ldp1 Mutation Affects the Expression of Auxin-Related Genes and Enhances SAM Size in Rice." Plants 13, no. 6 (2024): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13060759.

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Panicle type is one of the important factors affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield, and the identification of regulatory genes in panicle development can provide significant insights into the molecular network involved. This study identified a large and dense panicle 1 (ldp1) mutant produced from the Wuyunjing 7 (WYJ7) genotype, which displayed significant relative increases in panicle length, number of primary and secondary branches, number of grains per panicle, grain width, and grain yield per plant. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that the shoot apical meristem (SAM) of ldp1 w

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13

Lovatt, Carol J. "Properly Timed Soil-applied Nitrogen Fertilizer Increases Yield and Fruit Size of `Hass' Avocado." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 126, no. 5 (2001): 555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.126.5.555.

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To protect groundwater from potential nitrate pollution, `Hass' avocado (Persea americana Mill.) growers in California divide the total annual soil-applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer (N at 56 to 168 kg·ha-1) into small applications made during the period from late January to early November. However, no research had been conducted to test the efficacy of this fertilization practice, and there was concern that the amount of N in the individual applications may be too little to meet the demand of the tree at some stages of its phenology. The research presented herein addressed the question of whethe

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14

Serra-Picó, Marcos, Valérie Hecht, James L. Weller, Reyes Benlloch, and Francisco Madueño. "Identification and characterization of putative targets of VEGETATIVE1/FULc, a key regulator of development of the compound inflorescence in pea and related legumes." Frontiers in Plant Science 13 (September 21, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.765095.

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Inflorescence architecture contributes to essential plant traits. It determines plant shape, contributing to morphological diversity, and also determines the position and number of flowers and fruits produced by the plant, thus influencing seed yield. Most legumes have compound inflorescences, where flowers are produced in secondary inflorescences (I2), formed at the flanks of the main primary inflorescence (I1), in contrast to simple inflorescences of plants like Arabidopsis, in which flowers are directly formed on the I1. The pea VEGETATIVE1/FULc (VEG1) gene, and its homologs in other legume

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15

Muchut, Sebastián E., Vanesa Pilatti, Andrea G. Reutemann, Abelardo C. Vegetti, and Renata Reinheimer. "A developmental approach expanding the knowledge of inflorescence diversity in subtribe Eleusininae (Chloridoideae: Poaceae)." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, August 13, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boaa072.

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Abstract Subtribe Eleusininae (Chloridoideae, Poaceae) comprise 237 species with little morphological diversity in inflorescence structure. This diversity may be explained by an evolution from complex (pyramidal, highly branched) to simpler (digitate, barely branched) morphologies. However, only mature specimens have been studied; the developmental analyses of the inflorescences are rare. We analysed the inflorescence, spikelet and flower development of 17 species of Eleusininae using scanning electron microscopy. In the early stages of the transition to flowering of the studied species, the i

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16

Kellogg, Elizabeth A. "Genetic control of branching patterns in grass inflorescences." Plant Cell, March 8, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac080.

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Abstract Inflorescence branching in the grasses controls the number of florets and hence the number of seeds. Recent data on the underlying genetics come primarily from rice and maize, although new data are accumulating in other systems as well. This review focuses on a window in developmental time from the production of primary branches by the inflorescence meristem through to the production of glumes, which indicate the transition to producing a spikelet. Several major developmental regulatory modules appear to be conserved among most or all grasses. Placement and development of primary bran

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17

Zhu, Yinxia, Ce Liu, Mengyao Zhao, Yuxuan Duan, Jingjing Xie, and Chunguo Wang. "Transcriptome profiling reveals key regulatory factors and metabolic pathways associated with curd formation and development in broccoli." Frontiers in Plant Science 15 (July 12, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1418319.

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Broccoli, a cruciferous vegetable, has a unique indeterminate inflorescence structure known as curds. It is the main edible organ of broccoli and has a rich nutritional value and health benefits. However, the formation and development mechanism of the curd is still not well understood. In the present study, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) stage and three different development stages of curd (formation stage (FS), expansion stage (ES), and maturation stage (MS)) were identified and subjected to transcriptome sequencing to uncover the potential genes and regulatory networks involved in curd form

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18

Ye, Zha‐Long, Tang‐Quan Liao, Yue Wang, et al. "Revisiting the Proliferated Seed Cones in Larix kaempferi Reveals a Growth Arrest Plasticity." Plant Direct 9, no. 7 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.70089.

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ABSTRACTIn angiosperms, such as Arabidopsis, silique removal can reverse developmental arrest and reactivate inflorescence meristems, illustrating that post‐fertilization growth cessation is a plastic process rather than terminal differentiation. However, it remains unclear whether a similar growth arrest plasticity occurs in conifers, where mature seed cones typically undergo terminal differentiation as determinate structures. In this study, we analyzed the proliferated seed cones of Larix kaempferi, which exhibited vegetative shoots sprouting from their central axes. We collected and examine

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19

Manuela, Darren, Liren Du, Qi Zhang, et al. "Redundant functions of miR156‐targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN‐LIKE transcription factors in promoting cauline leaf identity." New Phytologist, May 12, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70210.

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Summary Cauline leaf development represents an intermediate phase between vegetative and reproductive stages. While extensive research has been conducted on the genetic and environmental factors that determine cauline leaf number, less attention has been given to the regulation of their morphology and the establishment of cauline leaf identity. In this study, we report that miR156‐targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN‐LIKE (SPL) transcription factors, including SPL2, SPL9, SPL10, SPL11, SPL13, and SPL15, redundantly regulate cauline leaf identity, affecting both cauline leaf shape and the

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20

Wu, Jie, Liang‐Qi Sun, Ying Song, et al. "The OsNLP3/4‐OsRFL module regulates nitrogen‐promoted panicle architecture in rice." New Phytologist, October 16, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.19318.

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Summary Rice panicles, a major component of yield, are regulated by phytohormones and nutrients. How mineral nutrients promote panicle architecture remains largely unknown. Here, we report that NIN‐LIKE PROTEIN3 and 4 (OsNLP3/4) are crucial positive regulators of rice panicle architecture in response to nitrogen (N). Loss‐of‐function mutants of either OsNLP3 or OsNLP4 produced smaller panicles with reduced primary and secondary branches and fewer grains than wild‐type, whereas their overexpression plants showed the opposite phenotypes. The OsNLP3/4‐regulated panicle architecture was positively

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21

Hamano, Kaori, Seiki Sato, Masao Arai, et al. "Inhibition of lateral shoot formation by RNA interference and chemically induced mutations to genes expressed in the axillary meristem of Nicotiana tabacum L." BMC Plant Biology 21, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03008-3.

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Abstract Background Lateral branches vigorously proliferate in tobacco after the topping of the inflorescence portions of stems for the maturation of the leaves to be harvested. Therefore, tobacco varieties with inhibited lateral shoot formation are highly desired by tobacco farmers. Results Genetic inhibition of lateral shoot formation was attempted in tobacco. Two groups of genes were examined by RNA interference. The first group comprised homologs of the genes mediating lateral shoot formation in other plants, whereas the second group included genes highly expressed in axillary bud primordi

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22

Du, Jinfa, Zhen Zhao, Lingqi Jin, et al. "Identification of a central regulator of ginkgolide biosynthesis in Ginkgo biloba that integrates jasmonate and light signaling." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 122, no. 6 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2408891122.

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Ginkgolides are secondary metabolites unique to Ginkgo biloba with the potential to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although the biosynthetic pathways of ginkgolides have been partly uncovered, the mechanism regulating their biosynthesis is still largely unknown. Here, using multiomic and genetic analyses, we report the identification of a transcription factor, named ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR ASSOCIATED WITH GINKGOLIDE BIOSYNTHESIS (GbEAG), as a critical regulator of ginkgolide biosynthesis. GbEAG is highly expressed in the roots of G. biloba, and its expression i

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