Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Secours international – Pays en voie de développement'
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Godin, Julie. "Initiatives populaires de solidarité internationale, des « bonnes intentions » au « professionnalisme » ? : sociologie d’un groupe professionnel à l’aune du sentiment de légitimité, dans une perspective comparative Belgique / France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D094.
Full textAlongside established, high-profile non-governmental organisations (NGOs), many individuals decide that they need to "do something" to improve the lives of the people they have met (while travelling, living in another country or adopting a child, etc.). These people join forces with a small group of friends to set up their own development organisations (referred, to hereafter as "popular development initiatives", or PDIs). At present, one of the major concerns in international development cooperation is to make development workers more professional in the interest of better aid effectiveness. This thesis therefore looks at the discourses and practices of these "ordinary" citizens, in order to highlight their role and to identify key issues for this sector. More specifically, we study the dialectic process by which NGO staff and PDI volunteers build and define their professional and amateur legitimacy as development actors, through the prism of the interactionist perspective of the sociology of professional groups. We also draw on the sociology of public action to consider how public authorities, through their policy tools, influence the responsibility and legitimacy of these actors, the interactions between them, and their mutual recognition. The need for professionalism also stems from demands by local partners in the developing world, so we have taken an interest in their perceptions in the case of Senegal
Mattio, André. "Le tourisme international vers le tiers monde : une illusion ?" Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR1D026.
Full textSince the 1960's, some specialists have considered international tourism capable of drawing nations together and stimulating economic growth. Developing countries are aware of the prospects offered by this sectors; some of them even making it the driving force of their development. But results have fallen for short of hopes. In fact, according to some researchers, the third-world tourism industry is nothing but a mirage. Why is this so? must this assertion be accepted without qualification? can we develop another view of this activity? and, if, so, how? these are some of the questions which this study attempts to answer by the systemic analysis of a social phenomenon which, over the years, has become increasingly complex and contradictory
Bou-Assi, Elias. "L'éclatement du Tiers-monde vu sous l'angle de la bipolarité du système international." Paris 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA020034.
Full textCling, Jean-Pierre. "Commerce, croissance, pauvreté et inégalités dans les pays en développement." Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090054.
Full textThe relationship between trade, growth, poverty and inequalities in developing countries can be broken down into three separate relationships: 1/ a relationship between trade and growth; 2/ a relationship between growth and poverty (and inequalities); a relationship between trade and poverty (and inequalities). This thesis presents first a survey of the many recent theoretical and empirical papers studying these relationships. We then build new tools used for analysing the relationship between growth, poverty and inequality. Our survey of literature and the lessons drawn from our analytical tools lead us to make a critical study of the international institutions’ trade and poverty reduction policies in developing countries. Last of all, we present two case studies on the macro and micro impact of export growth strategies in Madagascar and Tunisa based on textile & clothing and analyse the impact on both countries of the dismantling of export quotas in this sector
Goba, Léga. "Le commerce, des services et les pays en developpement." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05D010.
Full textBenghazi, Akhlaki Ali. "L'endettement international et l'analyse de la capacité de paiement des pays en voie de développement." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100223.
Full textBourahla, Rachida. "Le trafic international de stupéfiants et l'économie des pays du tiers-monde." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32057.
Full textEveryone use to see the international drug traffic as an under development problem. But this assumption unanimous and universally admitted, that third world economy's countries is the cause of the international traffic drug, has never been demonstrated. The purpose of this study is precisely to appreciate the reality of this link. The such study is all the more necessary as actually, the approach of drug question is quite focused on supply side problem. Found the reality of the link required a global approach. It needed not only to analyze the traffic in each countrie involved in, but also to study the drug story and his international law. What wee discovered is that the international drug traffic have nothing to do directly with the third world economy's countries. In effect, the fact is that it's quite technically impossible to demonstrate that the economy of the under developed contries is the whole cause of the drug traffic, and so precisely because of the contain of the concept of third world economy's countries. But in return, it appear, and wee have proved it, that the international traffic drug is the result of numerous causes, not only socio-economical, but also cultural, geographical, historical and legal, which are not specific to the third world economy's countries, in such a way that the third world economy's countries can not be regarded as the cause of international drug traffic, but at more as an propitius factor. The fact is, finely, that international drug traffic is not an under development problem but fundamentally a criminal one
Bayti, Lahcen. "Le nouvel ordre sanitaire international et la coopération sanitaire entre les pays en développement." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D003.
Full textThird world medical care, which for the moment is reserved for the elite can only be accessible to society admarged by focusing on prevention basic hight more efficient use of health care workers and an concentration on essential drugs. The consomption of drugs and medical services which preocuprises the industrial world only reaches on person in five. In the third world thebasic problem remains the satisfaction of elementary sanitary needs. The statement of alma ata is the map for health care in the xxst century. His technical mastery his demand for social justice, for health provision and his pleeding of urgent action in supported health care represent not only a recognition of it's importance at a global level but morexver the begining of health political care movment which aspires to provide basic health care to everyone by the year two thousand the declaration is witness to an exceptional international consensus on cooperation between countries so that all people are guaranteed of an acceptable level of health services. A key to the NOIH (new order of international health) is the drug industry. It is clevious that noih mesures must be in parallele with political educational, legal and the regulary mesure. This is the essential theme of our work. In conclusion only a furious coordination of all efforts will insure that essential medecine and vaccine are furnished to those who need them. Without this cooperation there can be no confidence in international health care cooperation between north and south or south and south
Razanamahery, Zoe. "Le Fonds Monétaire International et les politiques d'ajustement dans les pays en voie de développement." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOE010.
Full textOmbolo, Mvogo Ayissi Vladimir. "La pensée keynésienne et les problèmes financiers du développement." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40036.
Full textTialati, Abdelkader. "Le droit fiscal international et les pays en voie de développement : le cas des pays arabes : contribution à l'étude juridique du nouvel ordre fiscal international." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10016.
Full textSanta, Cruz Portal Hilda. "La technologie appropriée : une stratégie alternative pour les pays en voie de développement." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100072.
Full textWe have divided our study into three parts: first a critique of technology transfer; then; an evaluation of the advantages which appropriate technologies have brought to the third world; finally, an analysis of the conditions which permit appropriate technologies to be a real factor of development. The question of the impact of foreign technologies has been a highly controversial one for more than twenty years. Among the criticisms are the following: the excessive dependence of the developing countries on the developed countries; the contribution of certain technologies which have now been rendered obsolete; the absence of selectivity regarding these technologies and their lack of adaptability to the situation. Furthermore, the developing countries must become heavily indebted, or they must accept the entry of foreign capitals on a massive scale. Faced with the totality of these problems, the third world is experiencing the crucial necessity of rediscovering its identity by means of proposing favorable conditions for the creation of original local technologies. The third world must rely on an authentic and indigenous development based upon the culture of its people with the goal of focusing on the human being and upon realizing their project of civilization. The choice of appropriate technologies is the natural correlative of an appropriate developmental strategy, but it is also relevant to the acceleration of the development process as well as to the installation of a new international economic order. Accordingly, the object of this study is to address the totality of the problems which technology poses for the third world and thereby to elicit both reflection and debate with the goal of helping to solve this thorny problem
Machrouh, Jamal. "Le statut des pays en développement dans le système de règlement des différends de l'OMC." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR1001.
Full textTraoré, Mara. "Le financement compensatoire international du déficit des recettes d'exportation des produits de base." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON10042.
Full textBenabdelkarim, Aziz. "La menace du Sud." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON10007.
Full textBridji, Ozoua Marie Chantal. "Brevet pharmaceutique et l’accès aux médicaments dans les pays en voie de développement." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10069/document.
Full textThe entry into force of the ADPIC agreement in 1994 is the fulfillment of the new trade organization and its relation with technology protection. The goal of the agreement is to meet the minimum standard protection for patented inventions. The agreement also generalizes technologic invention protection by the intellectual property while integrating public health products on the international trade level. Henceforth, patents now protect medical drugs. However, the patentability of medical drugs creates a real problem due to the WTO member’s different interpretation of technologic minimum standard protection. On one side, WTO members issued from developed countries interpret drastically the agreement and consider their interest above public health ‘interests, which automatically leads to the restriction of the patents drugs users. On another side, WTO members issued from developing countries poorly interpret the agreements and limit the domain of patentability of the drugs, which automatically leads to an insufficient transposition of the agreement into their regional agreements. The study on the different use of the ADPIC agreements by the OMC members underlines the agreements limits in the public health area. This conclusion aims to hope for a reform of the ADPIC agreement, by promoting a new system that will allow developing countries to better protect the use of patented pharmaceutical inventions. Furthermore, legal addition to the actual systems were presented and we believe that they will contribute to an efficient protection of public health
Camara, Emmanuel. "Les pays en développement face au GATT : du Tokyo Round à nos jours." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100205.
Full textDespite its liberal neo-classical approach to international trade which can only be applied to relationships between which have already achieved a certain level of development and industrialization, le GATT has undertaken reforms which recognize that for developing countries, trade policy should be closely linked to general economic development policy. But it was only during the multilateral negotiations, known as the Tokyo Round (1973-1979) that for the first time the problems of the developing countries played an important role. The agreements reached during these negotiations include provisions which are more or less favorable to developing countries and new concepts such as the enabling clause and the graduation clause entered the vocabulary of the GATT. However, these two concepts show that while the developed countries support the idea of steering the GATT towards incorporating some of the principles of the new international economic order, they make it a condition that the more advanced developing countries play a greater part in the multilateral disciplines of the GATT, I. E. That there should be a sharing of the responsibility towards the poorest third world countries. With the continuing economic crisis, some of the protectionist measures of the developed countries must be seen as part of this strategy. Presently the GATT aims at universality at least at the participation level. At the same time, however, the organization's legal system has become too fragmented and looks much more like an "à la carte" system where each country adjusts its participation on the basis of its national concerns. Developing countries should participate to the GATT system, but they should observe a certain caution
Fergani, Meriem. "L'endettement international et la mondialisation financière 1982-2000." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070006.
Full textInternational indebtedness has been treated for decades exclusively as a result of debtors mismanagement of their continuing internal and external imbalances. Hence the application of structural adjustment programs, rescheduling of debts, Baker and Brady plans not only failed to bring back these countries on the development path but they have also worsen their imbalances and the poverty of their populations. Moreover, the number of financial crises has increased with more social and economic costs and with higher frequency. The indebtedness problem is not only a technical issue but also a very complex reality that involves social, economic, politic and geo-strategic aspects. An efficient treatment of indebtedness crises needs to acknowledge that they are financial crises which recurrence results from capitalism's instability. In addition, the globalization, and more particularly its more active part i. E. The financial globalization leads to a rapid liberalization and dereglementation which weakened economic and financial systems of both industrialized and emergent countries. On the other hand, the increasing interdependance of economics induces a more important propagation of crises. .
Marin, Jean-Claude. "L'endettement du Tiers-monde et sa régulation." Nancy 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN20003.
Full textThe birth of a developing method based on external indebtedness corresponds to the financial needs of the third world, emphasized by the 1974 crisis. The Euromarkets provide money for it. In 1979-80, the OPEP reacts to the erosion of the commercial financial surplus. The United States adopts a monetarist policy. The debt service grows heaver. Starting in 1982, the supplying of the third world in cash diminishes. The weakening of the debtors is so great that only modifying the contracts is not sufficient any more. Deliberate -based on structural adjustment's politics- settle under the conjugated pressures of the imf and world bank. They have at their disposal peripheral mecanisms, as far the action of northern governments and commercial banks are concerned. Economic recovery includes two main ideas: insufficient offer and excessive consumption. This practice is not always successful, due to lack of understanding concerning the "long term" and to disregated for possible bad consequences coming from : - the fact that developing countries depend too much on exterior influences, - the rules of "real" prices, - devaluations. . . . Participants do not systematically adopt a realistic attitude towards the solution these consequences. In fact, regulation does not meet its objectives. Presently, the financing of the north by the south condamns the borrowing system. Solutions to the crisis highly depend on general principles such as reestablishing of positive transfers, and also on real efforts towards the poorest populations. Northern governments must stimulate economic potential, trades, and put a term to the uncertainties affecting the financial world. Private creditors would profit in providing money for the south. The southern establishment itself could be more rigorous in the economic gestion of their country's business
Shepherd, Benjamin. "Development perspectives on trade growth at the extensive margin." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/5341.
Full textThis dissertation examines the links between international trade and economic development through the lens of export growth at the extensive margin. By extensive margin growth is meant either trade in previously untraded products, or trade in existing products between new country pairs. The three chapters of this dissertation represent some of the first contributions to the literature in this area with an approach anchored in development policy concerns. They contribute to a clearer understanding of the links between firm heterogeneity, extensive margin growth, and development. In addition, they provide new insights into the importance of domestic regulations and institutions in terms of developing country trade performance. Chapter one shows that diversification in the product dimension is influenced by the costs and trade and market entry in the exporting country. Chapter two shows that similar factors also affect diversification in the geographical dimension. Chapter three takes the opposite approach, showing that product standards in importing countries can affect export diversification overseas. All three chapters use trade models incorporating heterogeneous firms to motivate the empirical work undertaken
La, Chapelle Bizot Benoît de. "Créanciers et débiteurs internationaux : évolution des concours du Club de Paris, du Club de Londres et du Fonds monétaire international." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997IEPP0038.
Full textNiyongabo, Gilbert. "Politiques d'ouverture commerciale et développement économique." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00173168.
Full textDans cette thèse, nous proposons de revenir sur les différents effets de l'ouverture commerciale sur le développement économique. Ainsi, nous distinguons l'ouverture « naturelle » qui est déterminée par la structure économique et l'abondance des ressources naturelles des politiques d'ouverture qui sont purgées de ces variables. Ensuite, nous testons les effets des deux variantes de l'ouverture commerciale sur le développement économique. Les résultats de nos estimations économétriques montrent que la croissance économique est plus élevée pour des pays
qui ont mis en place des politiques d'ouverture que pour des pays ouverts grâce à leurs ressources
naturelles. L'adoption des politiques d'ouverture semble offrir l'avantage de stimuler une hausse
des taux d'investissement et de la productivité des facteurs dans un environnement de concurrence internationale. Par ailleurs, nous testons l'effet interactif entre l'adoption des politiques d'ouverture et l'instauration de la bonne gouvernance du début des années 90 dans bon nombre de pays en développement. Nos résultats nous amènent à conclure que la bonne gouvernance et l'adoption des politiques d'ouverture agissent de façon interactive et sont positivement associés à l'augmentation des revenus, à la réduction des inégalités et à
l'amortissement des chocs commerciaux. Nous concluons, en fin de compte, que l'adoption des
politiques d'ouverture s'accompagne du développement économique.
Andriamizaka, Alain Lala. "Théorie de la concurrence en P. V. D. : de la réglementation à la régulation." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE0023.
Full textBecause of their traditions and way of life, LDC's have a non-competitive vision of the economy. That is the origin (not the consequence) of their interventionist policies. So deregulation would not be relevant to stabilize the market processes there. In fact, there is an evolution of economic from "lateral" competition to "frontal" competition (crowding-out aims), and law has to be adapted to each step. But even so, stabilisation policies know many functional failures in LDC's
Abdou, Elwahab Moussa. "L'évolution des conventions fiscales internationales conclues entre les pays développés et les pays en développement." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131005.
Full textSekola, Joseph. "Le transfert de technologie militaire non nucléaire, un aspect des relations Nord-Sud." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR30008.
Full textThe underdeveloped world (or 3rd world), both responsible and victim of so many tensions and conflicts, is attempting ot solve its own security problems by working out ambitious military programs. Through their purchases of modern armament, the underdeveloped countries hope to acquire and efficient and reliable defense, technologically proper and no longer backward. So as to avoid the political and financial expenditures of the said military programs, many underdeveloped countries require from their conventional military equipment providers some sort of cooperative aid in order to be able to build their own arms-industry. Hence the purchase of conventional armament becomes less important than munufacture proceedings and know-how and gives a new sharpness to the debate between north and south about military technology transfer. This concept (embracing both manufacturing licences and the setting up of co-producting systems by means of which northern and southern partners work together to manufacture different arms parts) is supposed to respect the different stages of apprenticeship. Affording underdeveloped countries a proper technological answer, in spite of their backward situation and immense needs, may serve as a stepping-stone to their advancement. Technological self-determination, for underdeveloped countries, depends from positive, realistic actions at a sub-regional, national and international level. Which means teaching a scientific staff and regional co-operation with an exchange of competences, together with a diplomatic action so as to revise 1883 "Convention d'union de Paris", and setting up a "good behaviour code" for technology transfer. Armament industry, by means of its technological and human connections with civilian society, becomes from now on an essential and favourable production parameter for future development
Rafidinarivo, Rakotolahy Christiane. "Dette et système international des paiements : le tribut payé par les pays du Tiers Monde." Toulouse 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU10013.
Full textAccountancy is used as the basic instrument of measure of economic phenomena. Our new accounting theory of international commercial transactions provides the measure of the debt result relatiting to the operations as well as the examination of the patrimonial situation of the economies considered. The accounting relation is stated in terms of equations whose unknown is the result of the third world's debt. Their solution shows that this result is a tribute of these economies to the international system of payments (isp). In the same way, a tribute to their own states allows the nationals to take part in international operations. This tribute is characterized by a new international monetary theory which uses money as an accounting measuring unit, i-e, a differential of exchange and sus it imagined as an asset by the economic participants. The research has established a measure of the tribute by articulating the debt service, the conditionality of the creditors and the balance of the flows involved. Then, the stress is laid on the ponderable relations inherent in the position of those who are in need, indebted and dependent upon the so-called third world within an emerging international system
Belias, Nicolas. "Endettement international et concertation des créanciers." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100042.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes external debt problems of developing countries and the arrangements made for restructuring official and commercial bank debt. It assesses three key issues: part I provides a background to current difficulties and summarizes some vital factors that explain why the international debt problem has acquired a new dimension. Following a description of trends in the growth of external indebtedness of developing countries, the major sources of recent debt servicing difficulties are discussed. Part ii analyzes multilateral debt restructurings with official and bank creditors. It focuses on official multilateral debt rescheduling conducted under the auspices of the Paris club and addresses the issues of particular difficulty involved in resolving debt problems between sovereign borrowers and private lenders. It also reviews the international rules governing the legal treatment of sovereign debt restructuring, the institutional arrangements adopted, the framework of renegotiations and the patterns and terms of rescheduling. Part iii examines the role of the international monetary fund in debt restructuring operations and the linkage between the rescheduling exercise and the adoption of economic adjustment programs. It involves a detailed analysis of the management of the international debt crisis, with particular emphasis on the inadequacies of current rescheduling patterns and on alternative proposals for restructuring developing countries international indebtedness. Problems of debtor countries policy coordination on external debt negotiations are also dealt with in detail. Major conclusions reached in this study reveal that the rescheduling agreement should be tailored to the needs of the debtor countries. A long term approach would be more appropriate in reducing the debt service burden. In these respect formulas linking debt service payments to a certain percentage of export receipts may be an option worth considering. Such long term approach may well require serious rethinking of current debt renegotiation practices
Valli, Stéphane. "Changements techniques, commerce et développement. Synergies et effets contrariés : essai sur les relations Nord-Sud depuis les années soixante." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21003.
Full textSaid, Mohamed Sitti. "La coopération nord-sud pour le développement et les pays de l'océan Indien dans une dynamique de mondialisation." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05D008.
Full textThe political cooperation between North and South countries was conceived in term of financial support and technical assistance. However, with the intensification of globalization, the cooperation for the development becomes a process in transformation. The modes for funding development diversify, as the actors of cooperation. The development strategies have evolved a lot. The integration in the global economy has become a very efficient way for promoting the development. In the case of Indian Ocean countries, despites the record progresses and performances, most of these economies are characterized by a strong dependency toward the global economy and the international aid. Their place in the global economy stays very limited. Faced with the challenges imposed by the globalization, Indian Ocean countries and the partners for development must rethink their strategies. The cooperation for development must be renewed
Ango-Obiang, Nadège Noële. "Mondialisation et inégalités (salaires/revenus, emploi) dans les pays du Sud." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50374-2007-Ango.pdf.
Full textAbdou, Mohamed. "L'incidence sur les pays en développement du lien entre propriété intellectuelle et droit du commerce international." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D059.
Full textSince the adoption of the TRIPS Agreement in 1994, the protection of intellectual property has been at the center of the debates concerning the international trade regime. While some have hailed the Agreement as a great success for international trade and economic integration, scholars and civil society have rapidly voiced their concern highlighting the inefficiency and even the harmful effects resulting from the implementation of a trade regime for intellectual property. These critiques have intensified following the conclusion by developing countries of a series of free trade agreements containing provision raising the level of protection for intellectual property rights. Yet, scholars have so far given very little attention to the concept of “trade-relatedness” as well as to the legal aspects of the relationship between intellectual property and international trade. The inclusion of intellectual property norms in international trade agreements is first and foremost a linkage between two distinct legal regimes. Each regime has its own objectives, rational and has evolved independently from the other. Numerous questions therefore arise as to how these two sets of norms could coexist and what legal effects are likely to flow from such a systemic interaction. This study seeks to provide answers to these questions by analyzing the specific situation of developing countries as they are the most affected by the rising standards of intellectual property protection. The aim is to determine the modalities and conditions under which the trade regime for intellectual property could be adapted to the interests and needs of developing countries
Farman, Paméla. "Le développement de la compétence culturelle d'étudiantes infirmières inscrites à un programme de stage international et interculturel." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24287/24287.pdf.
Full textBen, Hdech Mohammed. "L'organisation du commerce des produits de base entre la Communauté économique européenne et les pays en voie de développement." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR30012.
Full textThe participation of the EEC in the organisation of commodities trade can bee considered in two distinct frameworks, globally and regionally. At the global level, this participation may be examined in two distinct lights, the juridical and the politico-economic. The juridical aspect concerns the modalities of EEC participation in product agreements, both the quality and the nature of participation. The politicoeconomic aspect is related to the type of organisation put into place by each product agreement and the EEC position. On the regional level, the EEC has developed a special policy on the issue. This policy includes two principal parts: the regulation of product flow and the stabilization of export returns on trade. The regulation of trade includes a more generalised policy of protectionst inspiration and a preferential policy benefiting ACP and mediterranean countries with respect to all agricultural products, but only with respect to certain transformed products for developing countries in general. With the framework of the stabilization of export returns, three mechanisms have been envisioned by the lome convention: the stabex, the sysmin, and the sugar protocol. A stabex has also been envisioned to favour the least advanced countries
ERROUIAM, ABDELLAH. "Le développement entre le libre-échange et le protectionnisme : l'intégration entre les pays en voie de développement comme base pour une libéralisation du commerce international." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL12013.
Full textThe current rise of protectionism can be attributed to the fact that most countries refuse to carry out the necessary structural adjustments. This is reflected by increasingly rigid structures as is exemplified by the systematic and unjudicious use of protectionist measures. As a consequence to fight against protectionist tendancies, it is necessary to examine the economic policies wich have brought about these difficulties. This will also enable us to evaluate the efficiency of the so called positive adjustment policies being currently implemented in order to fight against these rigid tendencies efficiency can only be achieved by taking into account a fact which is fundamental whitin the framwork of the word economy, namely its growing interdependence and the sometimes serious consequences resulting from it. Regional integration of and economic cooperation between southern nations will make it possible to reduce the negative consequences of this interdependence. Two main reasons can account for the choice of integration : first, the reorganization and modernization programmes currently applied in the developed countries will be carried out in more favourable conditions if regional integration, reorganizing the pattern of exports from developing countries and developing trade between southern nations. Reduces the pressure imposed by these exports on the developed nations. Another consequence will be that third-world economies will be less vulnerable to the fluctuations which restrict their capability to choose development policies. Integration, by restoring the essencial balance between nations, will constitute a decisive step towards the gradual liberalization of international trade, which we consider as a long term objective
Skalli, Rachid. "Le Tiers-Monde et le Fonds Monétaire International." Nancy 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN20005.
Full textIn this thesis, my purpose is to analyze in the first part the effects of the adhesion of the third world into the international monetary fund and the place and the role of the less developed countries into the international monetary system. And in the second part, the attitude, and its consequences, of the fund vis-a-vis the third world
Brun, Elodie. "Le changement international par les relations Sud-Sud : les liens du Brésil, du Chili et du Venezuela avec les pays en développement d'Afrique, d'Asie et du Moyen-Orient." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0017.
Full textThis works presents an analysis of South-South relations and their meaning for the international system, from the three cases of Brazil, Chile and Venezuela, since the late 1990s. It focuses on the consequences of the intensification of the links between non-dominant states at the global level. We affirm that in a context of interdependence all state actors are able to contribute to international change, which cannot be reduced to the actions of the most powerful states. We argue that the change occurring is incremental, not continuous, reforming but at the same time with a far-reaching influence. This includes a decentralization of interstate relations and a transformation of the functioning of the global system. Emile Durkheim’s concept of « dynamic density », and its two dimensions, namely material and moral, helps us to understand this process more appropriately than traditional studies about international relations. Based on this notion, we demonstrate that evolutions inferred by South-South links reinforce the complexity of interstate interdependence. Nevertheless, the rapprochement is material and strategic but not really moral so far, because of a lack of social participation. Studying these initiatives and the international integration of developing countries represents an opportunity to improve the study of international relations, through new cases and new interpretations about global affairs
Ibnlkhayat, Zouggari Hassani Khalid. "Les investissements prives etrangers et le developpement du maroc, approche juridique." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05D004.
Full textThe judicial system of foreign private investments is inclined to a reconciliation of the requirmints of the development of the reeptive country (morocco) and the legal interests of the investors (profits and security). Moreover, can the study of national regulation (codes and contrats of investment) and bilateral (conventions of investment) allow, on the one one hand, the measurment of the advantages from which the investor can have profit and on the other hand, the objectives of the receptive country concerning the question of development. Minewhile, there are the forms of investments (traditionnal directly investments and joint-ventures) hich help to estimate the real impact of those investments upon the two parties
Berrada, Mountasser. "Les conditions d'accès aux ressources du F. M. I." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010287.
Full textThe access conditionality to imf resources governs all the aspects of the financial activity of the fund. It relates at the same time to the lending policies and the mechanisms of aid functioning, to the economic policy measures included in an economic and financial adjustment program, to the procedures for taking decisions and to the balance of strength and power within the organization, as well as to the relations between the fund and its members. This conditionality has constantly evolved : new facilities have been created to extend the credit tranche policy. Besides, the fund approach on adjustment has progressively moved from a restrictive demand management to a supply policy. At the same time, the adjustment duration has been made longer. . . Since the middle of the 70's, the fund has significantly reinforced the conditions of access to its resources and extended its activity area to an increasing number of countries. Its role has grown in the international adjustment process and in the access, for its members, to the financial international market. Its action is no longer limited to a stabilization of payments balances but also to a restructuring of economies in deficit. Yet, only the non-oil developing countries and some east european countries constitute today the conditionality concept sphere of activity. The implementation of this concept meets some resistances and also refusals in the countries following a social and economic management different from the imf pattern, but also in the countries adopting the fund liberal economic philosophy, and this because of the effects of adjustment programs, notably on the economic activity and the incomes distribution, as well as because of the relations these programs tend to establish on intern and international matters. The fund financial aid still depends on the international economic circumstances and on the payments balances situation. But the reinforcement of the conditionality seems to be an irreversible phenomenon
Petiteville, Franck. "La coopération décentralisée pour le développement." Grenoble 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE21001.
Full textThis thesis deals with a new way of development aid towards the third world, carried out by franch local authorities. In france, this process first appeared in the early 1980s and become increasingly important over the past decade. This phenomenon is now called "decentralised development aid". The first part of the thesis describes the paradoxical rise of this phenomenon in the context of the crisis of development iad. The second part aims at evaluating three different forms of decentralised development aid : urban and administrative aid by french cities to third world cities, "economic decentralised aid" (industry, technology, agriculture), and cultural and humanitarian cooperation between twinned cities of france and africa
Medjahed, Mohamed Tayeb. "Le droit de l'OMC et le renforcement des capacités de défense commerciale des pays en développement." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0979.
Full textLaw under the World Trade Organization (WTO) is developing very rapidly in a specific branch of the field. Despite its growing influence on national and regional laws and the policy at these levels, as well as because of its technicality and complexity, WTO law is still often poorly known. A feature of the WTO lies in its sophisticated mechanism for settling disputes. It is clear that most member countries want to take advantage of the WTO dispute settlement system. For example, developing countries, especially smaller ones, often do not have a sufficient number of specialists who are experts on WTO law or the dispute settlement procedures. Many developing country Members stressed that they had a vital and ongoing need for assistance to strengthen their technical capacities with Defence Commercial in order to fulfil their obligations to the WTO. They also considered it important align this assistance with the specific technical and legal needs of developing countries
Lengrand-Jacoulet, Sophie. "Dépendance technologique entre espaces inégalement développés : l'introduction du conteneur comme innovation majeure pour le transport maritime international." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX24004.
Full textThe starting point of this study acknowledges that the third world, which is becoming more and more diversified, can no longer be presented as a bloc of countries assembled around one criterion, i. E. Their G. N. P. (Gross National Product). It is therefore necessary to find out other criteria that would offer the possibility to regroup national spaces and to explain the international hierarchy. Dependency, still the common factor between all the spaces, raised as a concept would not offer the means to put together a new typology of the world and in particular of the developing spaces. The study of dependency's various forms and degrees and types brings to light the fundamental role of technological dependency furthers the continuation of a process through which national economies are being organized into a hierarchy, thus creating an international division of labour (I. D. L. ) increasingly organised into a hierarchy. In studying the case of the container one understands the birth and the role of a major innovation in developed spaces. Above all, through the study of how the container was introduced into a country like morocco, one may grasp the importance of adopting without adapting a technology which is not produced by the space subjected to this technology. This increases not only its technological dependency but also its financial and commercial dependency. Thus is explained the perpetuation of the relations between dominating nations and dominated ones
ElMarzougui, Eskandar. "Three essays in international trade, agriculture and the environment." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30163/30163.pdf.
Full textThis thesis focusses on the consequences of international economic (investment and trade) openness on the environment and on the potential impacts of growing environmental concerns on the stability of agricultural markets (corn prices in the international market). The first essay studies the impact of trade and investment openness on the environment at the aggregate level. We find that the pollution haven hypothesis is supported for major greenhouse gases (CO2, HFC, PFC and SF6) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), but not for local pollutants (NO2 and SO2), for which the pollution halo hypothesis could not be rejected. We show that the relocation of multinational corporations has harmful environmental effects in developing countries, while foreign direct investment reduces local pollutants emission in both developed and developing countries. Ratification of environmental agreements is found to have a stronger mitigating impact in developed countries than in developing ones and trade openness has a significantly negative impact on the emission of most pollutants. The second essay studies the impact of openness on the environment at the regional level. We find support for the pollution haven hypothesis for CO2 emissions in Africa, the Middle East and North Africa, the former United Socialist Soviet Republic and Eastern Europe, and South America, but not in Asia, for which the pollution halo hypothesis could not be rejected. The pollution haven hypothesis is also supported for SO2 emissions in South America while the pollution halo holds for SO2 emissions in Africa. We show that local investment is contributing significantly to both CO2 and SO2 emissions increase in most regions while trade openness matters only in two regions. The third essay identifies three structural breaks in the relationship between corn and oil prices. We show that the relationship between corn and oil prices tends to be stronger when oil prices are highly volatile and when agricultural policies create less distortion. The ethanol boom strengthened the relation between corn and oil prices which are cointegrated only in the fourth regime. Impulse response functions confirm that corn prices systematically respond to oil price shocks, but the converse is not observed.
Weymann, Céline. "Le droit à l'alimentation : un outil efficace pour le développement économique pour les pays du Sud." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS004S.
Full textThe right to food is a human right conceived by the NGOs in order to fight hunger and malnutrition. At the present time, about 800 million persons in the world live in food insecurity. The right to food, on a micro-economic level, increases individual freedom, instrumental or substantial. It economic effectiveness has impacts on improvement of economic progress and development. On meso-economic level, this right is implemented on national territory and means that Governments must not take actions that result in increasing levels of hunger, must protect people from the actions of others that might violate the right to food and, to the maximum of available resources, have to invest in eradicating hunger. When agrarian reforms are chosen to decrease insecurity food, the economic effectiveness of this right have impact on limitation of inflation, increase of employment and an improvement of growth. At macroeconomic level, the right to food is analyzed from the point of view of the actors of its implementation, in perspective of globalization of economies and markets. The private actors, firms or ONGs, are the most efficient for increasing technical transfers, productiveness and competitiveness. This document presents an enlarged synthesis of right to food and proposes a theoretical framework to identify characteristics of right to food's economic effectiveness
Belaouane-Gherari, Rachida. "Aspects juridiques de la coopération économique Sud-Sud." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010267.
Full textSaïd, Mohamed Saïd Hassane. "L'Etat des comores et le droit international : le rôle et l'action du droit international dans la naissance et la vie des petits Etats." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0001.
Full textLam, Van Trien. "Les enjeux juridiques de l'intégration des pays en développement dans le régime climatique de "l'après Kyoto"." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUED012.
Full textAmri, Yousr. "Le droit d'auteur en faveur des pays en développement et son devenir à l'ère du numérique." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05DA01.
Full textThe young newly independent countries are aware of the role of education in their developing process, thus they wanted to consolidate their educational system. But, their weak economic and pedagogical means couldn't meet their needs for imported educational equipment. Considering these difficulteries, the Brazzaville African Conference (1963) recommended the introduction of preferential measures for developing countries in the international Conventions on copyright. That was achieved in 1979 by revising both the Berne Convention and the Universal Copyright Convention intended to soften the conditions of translation and reprodution of foreign imported works. But the advent of the digital era relaunches the question of applicability of the advantages granted to developing countries in this new context. An outline of solutions has been considered in the present thesis
Tohoubi, Sidonie. "La succession d'États et le droit du développement." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10044.
Full textNew nations, principally those that are formed after de-colonization have, after obtaining independence, generally rejected all aspects of international law, including legislation concerning the succession of states. They consider that these rules were made by and for other states and they can not be applied to them, or at least not all of these laws. However, there is a contradiction between this theoretical rejection of what existed before the creation of these ans their actual practice in the process of succession, which reveals an almost total continuity. In fact, it is neither a succession nor an automatic continuation, since these stages, which are for the most part economically weak countries, and consequently preoccupied with the problem of development, have managed as a result of their contestatory attitude, to develop new laws favorable to them out of the old norms which they had initially criticized
Tsagalidis, Dimitri. "" La Grèce et le Tiers Monde " : "essai sur la position internationale de la Grèce et ses relations avec le Sud"." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE0023.
Full textTeeroovengadum, Vittiyaiye. "L’accord sur la facilitation des échanges et le développement durable des petits états insulaires en voie de développement : un cas d’étude sur l’Ile Maurice." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100113.
Full textThe development of a country cannot now be seen only from the economic point of view, the social and environmental aspects must also be considered. The various trade conventions and decisions must promote and enable sustainable development. The thesis examines the link between the articles of the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) and the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Small Island Developing States (SIDS). TFA is the last major agreement of the World Trade Organization, its purpose is to make trade in goods more fluid through an efficient import, export and transit system among others. The agreement will help less developed countries to participate more actively in international trade. The substantive articles of the TFA are critically studied in the light of sustainable development but also the articles which deal with the mechanism of implementation of the TFA. The latter is very particular and innovative because it adapts to the level of development of the country. The SDGs most affected by the implementation of the TFA have been identified. In addition, this thesis considers the context of the SIDS which are countries with particularities specific to them and Mauritius is studied as a case study to allow a critical analysis of the subject. Recommendations for the WTO and SIDS are made for effective implementation of the AFE