Academic literature on the topic 'Section efficace totale'
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Journal articles on the topic "Section efficace totale"
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Nabeel, Syed Hassan, Aamir Furqan, Aatir Fayyaz, and Rahat Akhtar. "SUBARACHNOID BLOCK;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 11 (November 3, 2017): 1708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.11.638.
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Introduction: Subarachnoid block has been in practice for below umbilicalsurgery more than 110 years.1 in recent era all over the world most of cesarean sections arebeing done under subarachnoid block because of high mortality rate associated with generalanesthesia due to failed intubation and aspiration pneumonia. Objectives: To compare theefficacy of phenylephrine versus ephedrine in the treatment of hypotension during cesareansection under subarachnoid block. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Setting:Department of Anesthesiology Nishter Hospital Multan. Period: March 2014 to August 2014.Materials and Methods: A total 80 patients included in the study and patients were divided intotwo equal groups. Phenylephrine group (P group) and Ephedrine group (E group), 40 patientsin each. Results: A total of 80 (100%) patients included in the study. As concern to the age ofpatients, mean age in group E was 30.50 and standard deviation was 5.383, similarly in groupP mean age was 30.75 and SD was 5.921. As concern to the efficacy in group E, 7 were havinggood efficacy and 33 were have poor efficacy. In group P 30 had good efficacy and 10 hadpoor efficacy. P=0.000 a significant value. Conclusion: Phenylephrine is more effective thanephedrine for the treatment of hypotension due to subarachnoid block during cesarean section.
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Boyer-Neumann, Catherine, Annie Borel-Derlon, Jenny Goudemand, Ségolène Claeyssens, Pierre-Marie Sie, Philippe Moreau, Marie-Anne Bertrand, et al. "Treatment of Von Willebrand Disease Women Undergoing Childbirth with a Von Willebrand Factor Product with a Low Content of Factor VIII: Results From 4 Multicenter Studies." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 3375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.3375.3375.
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Abstract Abstract 3375 Introduction: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is relative to an abnormality, either quantitative or qualitative, of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Among patients with severe VWD, pregnant women are at increased risk of bleeding especially for the peripartum period both for vaginal delivery and Caesarean section. In patients with type 3 VWD and in patients with a functional defect, the treatment with VWF is required for the prevention of bleeding during the delivery. Predisposition towards an increased risk of thrombosis in pregnant women is well establish and this predisposition to thrombosis results from the hypercoagulable state of pregnancy with increased factor VIII and VWF levels. As endogenous factor VIII production in patients with VWD is intact, the treatment with a VWF concentrate with a low factor VIII content provides hemostatic levels of factor VIII, by stabilization of endogenous factor VIII, while providing efficient primary hemostasis. We report the efficacy and safety of Wilfactin, a triple-secured VWF concentrate almost devoid of factor VIII, for the preventive treatment of bleeding during the delivery period. Methods: Data from 4 prospective multicenter studies including one fully monitored post-marketing study were pooled. As recommended in the protocols, if needed, the unscheduled childbirth was managed by VWF with the coadministration of factor VIII at the first infusion. When time permitted, two infusions of Wilfactin were administered: one at 12–24 hours and one 30 minutes-1 hour prior to childbirth. The investigators were asked to evaluate the efficacy on a 4-point scale (Excellent, Good, Moderate, None) at the end of treatment. Results: Across all studies, 22 VWD women delivered 24 children. Wilfactin was used to prevent bleeding in 9 vaginal deliveries in 9 women (3 type 1, 5 type 2 and 1 type) and 15 Cesarean deliveries in 13 women (3 type 1, 9 type 2 and 3 type 3). There were no notable differences in the evaluation of efficacy between vaginal and Caesarean deliveries. The efficacy was rated as ‘good/excellent’ in 20 of 21 (95%) evaluated deliveries and ‘moderate’ in one cesarean due to a moderate, but controlled bleeding. Blood transfusion was required for a retroplacental hematoma in one Cesarean section but the efficacy of the product was rated as excellent by the investigator. Over the total course of therapy for childbirth, the median dose per infusion was higher for vaginal delivery (42 IU/kg) than for Cesarean section (27 IU/kg). Women received more infusions for Cesarean section than for vaginal delivery (15 vs 8) and more treatment days (10 vs 6, respectively) but, the total dose per type of treatment was quite similar (374 vs 272 IU/kg). A priming dose of factor VIII at the first infusion of Wilfactin was given to ensure rapid coagulation before starting 5 Cesarean sections and 4 vaginal deliveries. For 4 other Cesarean sections, the hemostatic level of factor VIII was achieved by an initial infusion of Wilfactin 12 to 24 hours before the procedure. No special measures to increase factor VIII were required for the other 11 deliveries. The overall tolerability was very good; neither VWF inhibitor nor thrombotic complications were reported. An additional data is to note that 2 patients were treated with long-term prophylaxis regimen during pregnancy because of placental hematoma. Conclusion: Good hemostatic efficacy, absence of thrombotic or other severe complications shown in the clinical trials with Wilfactin are encouraging for its use in the management of pregnant VWD women for vaginal delivery or Cesarean section. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Ananthaneni, Anuradha, Srilekha Namala, Vijay Srinivas Guduru, V. V. S. Ramprasad, Sabitha Devi Ramisetty, Urmila Udayashankar, and Kiran Kumar Naik. "Efficacy of 1.5% Dish Washing Solution and 95% Lemon Water in Substituting Perilous Xylene as a Deparaffinizing Agent for Routine H and E Staining Procedure: A Short Study." Scientifica 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/707310.
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Aim. To assess the efficacy of dish washing solution and diluted lemon water in deparaffinizing sections during conventional hematoxylin and eosin staining technique.Objective. The objective is to utilize eco-friendly economical substitute for xylene.Materials and Methods. Using twenty paraffin embedded tissue blocks, three sections each were prepared. One section was stained with conventional H and E method (Group A) and the other two sections with xylene-free (XF) H and E (Groups B and C). Staining characteristics were compared with xylene and scoring was given. Total score of 3–5 was regarded as adequate for diagnosis and less than that inadequate for diagnosis.Statistical Analysis. Chi-square test, Kruskal Wallis ANOVA test, and Mann-WhitneyUtest were used.Results. Adequacy of nuclear staining, crispness, and staining for diagnosis were greater in both Groups A and C (100%) than Group B (95%). Adequacy of cytoplasmic staining was similar in all the three groups (100%). Group B showed comparatively superior uniform staining and less retention of wax.Conclusion. Dish washing solution or diluted lemon water can be replaced for xylene as deparaffinizing agent in hematoxylin and eosin procedure.
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Laohawiriyakamol, Suphawat, Puttisak Puttawibul, and Somrit Mahattanobon. "Efficacy of One-step Nucleic Acid Amplification Assay for Evaluation of Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis of Breast Cancer in Songklanagarind Hospital." Songklanagarind Medical Journal 35, no. 1 (February 21, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31584/smj.2017.35.1.618.
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Objective: To compare the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay and frozen sections.Material and Method: One hundred and twenty patients with early breast cancer and no clinical nodal involvement underwent intraoperative sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) evaluation and undertaken axillary lymph nodes dissection (ALND) at the Department of Surgery, Songklanagarind Hospital from March 1st, 2011-November 30th, 2014.Results: A total of 213 SLNs were evaluated (mean 1.84 nodes). The accuracy of the OSNA assay compared to histological evaluation was 95.7%. The OSNA assay performance was: sensitivity 100% (25/25); specificity 95.2% (179/188); positive predictive value (PPV) 73.5% (25/34) and negative predictive value (NPV) 100% (179/179). Turnaround time was an average 39.6 minutes. The accuracy of frozen sections compared to histological evaluation was 99.1%. The frozen sections performance was: sensitivity 92% (23/25); specificity 100% (188/188); PPV 100% (23/23) and NPV 98.9% (188/190). After discordant analysis, the PPV of the OSNA assay on nodes with macrometastases (++) was 100% (25/25), and the result on nodes with micrometastases (+) was 75% (3/4). The accuracy of OSNA after review was thus 99.5%.Conclusion: The OSNA assay is accurate and rapid for SLN evaluation and it can replace the frozen section in general practice.
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Stevens, A., A. Fischer, M. Bartels, and G. Buchkremer. "Electroconvulsive therapy: a review on indications, methods, risks and medication." European Psychiatry 11, no. 4 (1996): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)88386-6.
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SummaryThis paper reviews and presents data of practical impact for those administering electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In the first section, physical and physiological aspects of the stimulus as well as methods of stimulation are discussed. The second section deals with indications for ECT, efficacy and treatment modalities such as seizure duration, treatment frequency and total number of ECT applications. The last section is devoted to side effects, risks, comedication and comorbidity.
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Yang, Xiang, Brittney R. Bullard, Ifigenia Geornaras, Shuang Hu, Dale R. Woerner, Robert J. Delmore, J. Brad Morgan, and Keith E. Belk. "Comparison of the Efficacy of a Sulfuric Acid–Sodium Sulfate Blend and Lactic Acid for the Reduction of Salmonella on Prerigor Beef Carcass Surface Tissue." Journal of Food Protection 80, no. 5 (April 3, 2017): 809–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-317.
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ABSTRACT A study was conducted to compare the efficacy of a commercially available sulfuric acid–sodium sulfate blend (SSS) and lactic acid (LA) in reducing inoculated Salmonella populations on beef. Sixty pieces of prerigor beef carcass surface brisket tissue, collected directly from the processing line of a commercial beef processing plant, were cut into two sections (10 by 10 cm each) and spot inoculated (6 to 7 log CFU/cm2) on the adipose side with a six-strain mixture of Salmonella. One section per piece of brisket tissue was left untreated (control), while the second section was spray treated (5 s, 15 lb/in2, and 33 mL/s flow rate) with unheated (21°C) or heated (52°C) solutions of SSS (pH 1.1) or LA (4%). Unheated and heated SSS lowered (P < 0.05) total bacterial counts from 6.3 to 4.6 and 4.3 log CFU/cm2, respectively. Likewise, unheated and heated LA reduced (P < 0.05) total bacterial counts from 6.3 to 4.7 and 4.4 log CFU/cm2, respectively. Initial counts of inoculated Salmonella populations (6.1 to 6.2 log CFU/cm2) were reduced (P < 0.05) to 4.2 and 3.9 log CFU/cm2 following treatment with unheated and heated SSS, respectively, and to 3.7 and 3.8 log CFU/cm2 after treatment with unheated and heated LA, respectively. Overall, the temperature of the chemical solutions had a small (0.3 log CFU/cm2), but significant (P < 0.05), effect on total bacterial counts but not (P > 0.05) on Salmonella counts. Regardless of solution temperature, Salmonella counts for LA-treated samples were 0.3 log CFU/cm2 lower (P < 0.05) than those of samples treated with SSS. These results indicate that both unheated and heated solutions of SSS and LA are effective interventions for reducing Salmonella contamination on prerigor beef carcass surface tissue.
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Prajapati, Sonali, and Nimisha Brahmbhatt. "Analgesic efficacy of ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane (Tap) block after caesarean delivery- A prospective randomized controlled trial." Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijca.2021.038.
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Transversus abdominis plane block is facial plane block providing post-operative analgesia after lower abdominal surgeries as part of multi-modal analgesia. We evaluated analgesic efficacy of TAP block with Bupivacaine for 24hr after caesarean section done with pffannestiel incision under spinal anaesthesia, the pain being assessed with help of VAS. Total 130 parturients (ASA I OR II) posted for elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled. They were allocated randomly in to two groups of 65 each. Group B patients received bilateral TAP block under USG at the end of surgery with 15ml of 0.25%Bupivacaine on each side while Group C patients did not receive TAP block. IV paracetamol 1gm was given in both groups as baseline analgesic at the end of surgery. Post-operative pain was assessed with VAS and rescue analgesia was given in form of Inj. Diclofenac Sodium Aq. at VAS score>4. Total rescue analgesia required in mg in post-operative 24 hours was noted.USG guided TAP block after caesarean section produced effective analgesia. Time for 1st rescue analgesia was delayed in group-B (mean+SD-12.25+4.54hr) than group-C (7.96+2.89hr) (P<0.001). Total analgesic requirement was reduced in group-B (107.35+50.32mg) than group-C (183+52.83mg) (P<0.001). USG-guided TAP block is easy to perform and effective as a component of multimodal analgesic regimen after caesarean section without any major complications.
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Diedhiou, Moustapha, E. B. Ba, D. Barboza, A. Diouf, M. Dieng, O. Thiam, C. A. Dia, et al. "Bupivacaine-Fentanyl vs Ropivacaine-Fentanyl: Evaluation of two Spinal Anesthesia Protocols for Emergency Cesarean Section." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 6-s (December 15, 2020): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i6-s.4403.
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Objective: Evaluation of the hemodynamic, respiratory and fetal side effects of two protocols for spinal anesthesia (P1: bupivacaine-fentanyl; P2: ropivacaine-fentanyl).
Material and Method: Prospective pseudo-randomized study comparing two spinal anesthesia protocols for emergency cesarean section conducted in the operating room of the regional hospital center of Saint Louis in Senegal. Study duration was 4 months. We studied, age, indication for Caesarean section, medical and surgical history, P1 and P2 protocols, hypotension, bradycardia, Apgar scores at birth and at 5min. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed on the R software.
Result: A total of 115 patients were collected, with a mean age of 27.1 years (E: 15 - 45) and a standard deviation of 7.6. Indications for Caesarean section were maternal and fetal dystocia for 67 patients (58%), fetal distress for 39 parturients (34%), and pre-eclampsia for 5 patients (4%). The P1-Bupi spinal protocol was used in 42 patients (36.5%) and the P2-Ropi spinal protocol was used in 73 patients (63.5%). Anesthetic complications such as low blood pressure, bradycardia and desaturation were found in a total of 30 patients, i.e. in 26% of cases. The mean Apgar score at birth for newborns from the P1-Bupi protocol was 8 (Extremes: 7, 9); the mean Apgar score at birth for newborns from the P2-Ropi protocol was 7.5 (Extremes: 2, 10). There was a significantly negative correlation between the P1-bupi protocol and the appearance of hypotension with p-value: 0.04 and a significantly positive correlation between the P2-ropi protocol and the appearance of hypotension with p-value: 0.04.
Discussion/ Conclusion: Ropivacaine certainly has a better cardiovascular and neurological tolerance and a better efficacy in terms of analgesia. However, during caesarean sections, it is important to consider the risk of hypotension and possible fetal complications related to its use.
Keywords: Ropivacaine - Bupivacaine - Spinal anesthesia - Caesarean section
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Das, Nabanita, Usha Shukla, Dheer Singh, and Urvashi Yadav. "Comparison of analgesic efficacy between TAP block and local site infiltration post operatively in caesarean section." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 4 (March 28, 2018): 1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20181305.
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Background: Patients undergoing caesarean section need to be alert, comfortable and mobile in order to take care of their babies, for which they must be pain free in post operative period. The aim of present study is to compare the analgesic efficacy of TAP block with local anaesthetic infiltration specifically in LSCS patients in reducing patient pain postoperatively, as well as to decrease the analgesic requirements.Methods: The study population consisted of 60 patients posted for elective and emergency caesarean section. They were blindly divided into two groups of 30 patients each. Group T received 40ml 0.25% Ropivacaine in Transverses abdominis plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia and group I received 40ml 0.25% ropivacaine as infiltration at incision site for postoperative analgesia. Patients were observed for numeric pain score NPS, analgesic requirements, total analgesic consumption and adverse effects if any.Results: There was highly significant difference in numeric pain scores at 2nd, 6th, 12th and 24th hours (p<0.0001). Both the time for first rescue analgesic and total amount of analgesic consumed are statistically significant (p<0.0001).Conclusions: TAP block is an effective postoperative analgesic procedure for post caesarean section patients.
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Güngör, Emre Sinan, Duygu Güzel, Ali Galip Zebitay, Gülşah İlhan, and Fatma Ferda Verit. "The efficacy of onion extract in the management of subsequent abdominal hypertrophic scar formation." Journal of Wound Care 29, no. 10 (October 2, 2020): 612–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2020.29.10.612.
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Objective: Development of postoperative scars is often a problem. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of gel containing Allium cepa extract, allantoin and heparin (Contractubex, Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany) in reducing scarring after a caesarean section by comparing it with a control group, and also intra-individually, using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS). Method: A total of 120 patients who underwent a second elective caesarean delivery and who presented with hypertrophic scar development after their first caesarean section were included in the study. A scar revision was performed for all patients during the second caesarean operation. Patients in the study group (n=60) were advised to apply the topical scar gel postoperatively for a period of 6 months. The control group (n=60) received no treatment. Results: Significant reductions were observed in the vascularity, pigmentation and height subgroups of the VSS for those in the group who continued the treatment to 24 weeks. An intra-individual analysis showed that the gel effectively reduced scarring after the second caesarean section. Conclusion: The prophylactic use of the gel to reduce scar development offers better results for vascularity, pigmentation and height subscales of the VSS after surgical removal of the primary caesarean scar during the second caesarean section. The results were better both intra-individually, and also in comparison with the control group and support the use of a gel containing Allium cepa extract, allantoin and heparin to reduce scarring after a caesarean section.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Section efficace totale"
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Abdel, khalek Samah. "Mesure de la section efficace totale proton-proton avec le détecteur ATLAS au LHC." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00962261.
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Celà fait maintenant presque 50 ans qu'on a découvert que la section efficace totale proton-proton augmentait avec l'énergie, alors qu'on pensait précédemment qu'elle deviendrait asymptotiquement constante. Les incertitudes des mesures sur les rayons cosmiques effectuées à haute énergie ne permettent pas de déterminer la forme exacte de l'augmentation de la section efficace avec l'énergie.Le LHC au CERN à Genève fournit des collisions avec une énergie jamais atteinte dans un accélérateur de particule. L'énergie dans le centre de masse était 7 TeV en 2010 - 2011, 8 TeV en 2012 et atteindra 14 TeV dans un futur proche. Le détecteur ATLAS installé sur un des quatre points d'interaction du LHC, est utilisé pour collecter le résultat des collisions proton-proton. Son sous-détecteur ALFA, situé à 240 m du point d'interaction, est utilisé pour détecter les proton résultant des collisions élastiques. ALFA est donc capable, dans certaines conditions particulières de l'optique, de mesurer la section efficace totale et la pente nucléaire.Le travail effectué durant cette thèse a permit de mesurer σtot = 94.88 ± 0.12 stat ± 1.56syst mb et b = 19.45 ± 0.05stat ± 0.31syst GeV-2 à 7 TeV.
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Heller, M. "Mesure de la luminosité absolue et de la section efficace totale proton-proton dans l'expérience ATLAS au LHC." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00491316.
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Le Large Hadron Collider (LHC) au CERN à Genève délivrera bientôt des collisions avec une énergie jamais atteinte jusqu'alors dans un accélérateur de particules. Une énergie dans le centre de masse entre 10 et 14 TeV permettra de dépasser les frontières de la physique actuelle. Le détecteur ATLAS fera la chasse au boson de Higgs et recherchera une nouvelle physique au delà du modèle standard. Tout processus physique est décrit par sa section section efficace. Les détecteurs positionnés aux différents points de collision du LHC déterminerons les taux de comptage associés aux divers processus. Cependant, pour en déduire la section efficace associée, il faut connaître la luminosité. Pour l'expérience ATLAS, une mesure relative de la luminosité peut être fournie par quelques uns de ses sous-détecteurs. Cependant, pour calibrer ces détecteurs, une mesure absolue doit être effectuée. Le détecteur ALFA a été conçu pour mesurer le spectre de diffusion élastique qui permettra de déterminer la luminosité absolue et par la même occasion, la section efficace totale proton-proton fournissant ainsi un outils de calibration très précis, de l'ordre du %. Ces détecteurs, installés à 240 m de part et d'autre du point d'interaction sont appelés pots romains. Il s'agit d'un système mécanique permettant d'approcher un trajectographe à fibres scintillantes à une distance de l'ordre du millimètre du cœur du faisceau. La simulation de la mesure nécessite l'utilisation d'un logiciel de transport de particules chargées. Ce logiciel doit être soigneusement choisi car il sert à la détermination des protons perdus dans la séquence de l'accélérateur, entre le point d'interaction jusqu'aux détecteurs. L'impact des incertitudes systématiques qui affectent la mesure de la luminosité et de la section efficace totale est également déterminé en utilisant la simulation. Les détecteur ALFA opère dans un environnement complexe et en conséquence sa conception requiert une grande attention. Une large campagne de tests sur l'électronique front-end a été effectuée. L'analyses des données résultant de ces tests a permis de démontrer que toutes les exigences étaient remplies. A chaque avancement majeur dans la conception du détecteur, celui-ci doit être soumis à des tests en faisceau. Durant ces périodes, tous les aspects du détecteur sont étudiés. L'algorithme de reconstruction des traces, les méthodes pour extraire des données l'efficacité de détection ou encore le niveau de diaphonie sont autant de paramètres qu'il a fallu déterminer. Les conclusions de ces tests ont permis de valider les différents choix techniques effectués permettant ainsi le lancement de la fabrication en série des huit détecteurs utiles à la mesure. L'installation prévue courant 2011 permettra de mesurer la luminosité et la section efficace totale proton-proton courant 2012.
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Cavalier, Sophie. "Détermination des paramètres optiques nécessaires pour la mesure de la luminosité absolue et de la section efficace totale dans ATLAS." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870367.
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ALFA (Absolute Luminosity for ATLAS) vise à mesurer la luminosité absolue pour l'expérience ATLAS avec une incertitude de 2 - 3\% et la section efficace totale. La luminosité est reliée au nombre d'événements. Plus la luminosité est élevée, plus le nombre d'événements est élevé. C'est donc une quantité importante pour les collisionneurs en général et notamment pour le LHC (Large Hadron Collider). LHC est constitué de deux faisceaux circulant dans deux chambres à vide différentes et collisionnant aux quatre points d'interaction où les principales expériences de physique sont positionnées (ATLAS, CMS, ALICE et LHCb). Les détecteurs constituant ALFA insérés dans des Pots Romains sont positionnés à 240 m de distance du point d'intéraction d'ATLAS après six quadrîpoles et deux dipôles qui constituent la partie de ligne faisceau utile à ALFA et localisée sur le LHC.Les détecteurs sont constitués de fibres scintillantes pour détecter les protons élastiques issus du Point d'Interaction. Ces protons sont transportés au travers des différents aimants qui constituent la ligne de faisceau considérée et qui nécessite une optimisation des paramètres optiques pour les besoins de la mesure. Nous appellerons les optiques fort β, les optiques utilisées durant les périodes expérimentales dédiées à ALFA. Les paramètres des optiques fort β ont été simulés afin de remplir le cahier des charges demandé pour ALFA et elles ont été testées sur le LHC en 2011 et 2012 pendant un certain nombre de périodes expérimentales spécifiques aux optiques fort β sur le LHC.Ces périodes expérimentales se sont terminées en 2013 avant l'arrêt du LHC. Les paramètres optiques ont été mesurés et comparés aux simulations.Certains paramètres ayant des valeurs bien meilleures que celles attendues. Cela a aussi permis de regardes quelques incertitudes sur les paramètres optiques et d'évaluer l'impact de certains de ces paramètres sur la mesure de section efficace totale.
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Conti, Stéphane. "Caractérisation acoustique de diffuseurs en milieux réverbérants et applications." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066049.
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Lestrade, Dominique. "Production de faisceaux secondaires de 42 Sc dans l'état isomérique et fondamantal, et mesure comparative de section efficace totale de réaction sur ces deux états." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10523.
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Les isomeres, etats excites de longue duree de vie observes dans beaucoup de noyaux, offrent la possibilite d'etudier une reaction nucleaire avec dans la voie d'entree des noyaux ayant une configuration differente de l'etat fondamental. Des faisceaux secondaires de 42sc isomeriques ont ete produits par reaction de transfert d'une paire p-n d'une cible de carbone ou d'helium sur un noyau de 40ca a 30 a mev. Des puretes isomeriques allant de 55 a 98% ont ete mesurees pour ces faisceaux. L'intensite des faisceaux etait de 100 a 200 pps. La fragmentation de projectile de 50cr a 63 a mev sur des cibles de be, c et ni a aussi permis de produire des faisceaux de 42sc isomeriques. Des intensites de 1300 pps et une purete isomerique moyenne de 28% ont ete obtenus avec ces faisceaux. Les faisceaux secondaires de 42sc produits par reaction de transfert de nucleons ont ete utilises pour mesurer la section efficace totale de reaction induite par les etats isomerique et fondamental du 42sc sur le carbone a 20 a mev. Le but de cette mesure est de permettre une analyse comparative du rayon de ce noyau dans ses deux etats. La methode experimentale retenue est la methode dite du rayonnement associe : les reactions nucleaires sont comptabilisees par des coincidences entre un ion incident et un rayonnement gamma detecte par un ensemble de nai couvrant un angle solide proche de 4 pi autour de la cible de carbone. Des mesures relatives de la differences entre les sections efficaces totales de reaction induites par les deux etats du 42sc ont ete realisees en fonction de la purete isomerique des faisceaux et des resultats obtenus avec les noyaux contaminants (38ar, 39k et 41ca). Les resultats de ces mesures nous permet de conclure que la difference de rayon entre les deux etats du 42sc, si elle existe, doit etre inferieure a 18%.
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Falk, Saïd. "Diffusion elastique d'electrons (lev-200ev) par des molecules d'interet radiobiologique : contribution a la modelisation de la structure des traces de particules chargees." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13018.
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Developpement d'une approche generale basee sur la formule differentielle de rutherford, avec parametre d'ecran, completee par une formule angulaire parametrique; obtention d'une section efficace differentielle bien adaptee a de nombreuses donnees experimentales et d'une section efficace integree satisfaisante sauf aux tres basses energies de la particule incidente, pour lesquelles on introduit un facteur correctif dependant de deux parametres. Bonne adaptation de ces sections efficaces au code de simulation edifiee au laboratoire pour la modelisation de la structure des traces de particules chargees traversant des tissus vivants
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Liatard, Éric. "Mesures de sections efficaces totales de réaction avec des faisceaux d'ions lourds stables et radioactifs par la méthode du rayonnement associé." Grenoble 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE10143.
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Nous avons mis au point une nouvelle methode de mesure directe de sections efficaces totales de reaction fondee sur l'utilisation d'un detecteur 4 pi modulaire. Dans un premier temps, des mesures ont ete effectuees avec des faisceaux d'ions lourds delivres par les accelerateurs sara et ganil dans la gamme d'energie 30-80 mev/u. Nous avons ensuite adapte notre dispositif aux mesures avec des faisceaux secondaires radioactifs (ligne lise du ganil). Les resultats obtenus couvrent une large gamme de projectiles legers comprenant des isotopes exotiques situes a la limite de la stabilite vis-a-vis de l'emission de neutrons. A partir des sections efficaces totales de reaction, les rayons carres moyens de ces projectiles sont calcules a l'aide d'un formalisme microscopique simple dont la validite est demontree par les resultats obtenus avec des faisceaux stables. Malgre la presence d'effets de structure marques (n pair- n impair), l'ensemble des isotopes etudies presente un rayon carre moyen normal excepte le #1#1be, le #1#4be et le #1#7b. Enfin, en utilisant les resultats de recents calculs haartree-fock, il est possible de determiner, a partir de nos donnees experimentales, les rayons carres moyens des distributions de neutrons des projectiles de n pairs. Ces rayons se comparent favorablement aux valeurs theoriques issues du meme calcul hartree-fock, excepte pour les cas ou l'extension spatiale des neutrons est tres importante (#1#4be et #1#7b)
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Baba, Ibrahim El. "Contributions numériques en compatibilité électromagnétique impulsionnelle. Paradigme pour la caractérisation temporelle d'équipements." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22232/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le travail présenté dans cette thèse concerne la mise en oeuvre numérique de techniques temporelles pour des applications en compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) impulsionnelle, essentiellement pour des études en chambre réverbérante à brassage de modes (CRBM). Prenant le contre-pied des approches fréquentielles, adaptées par nature aux études de cavités résonantes, l’idée directrice de ce mémoire a été d’étudier des moyens temporels originaux d’investigation de CRBM en vue de proposer de nouveaux paradigmes pour la caractérisation d’équipements. Originellement développé en acoustique, le processus de retournement temporel (RT) récemment appliqué aux ondes électromagnétiques permet une focalisation spatiale et temporelle de ces dernières d’autant meilleur que le milieu de propagation est réverbérant. Les chambres réverbérantes (CR) sont ainsi des endroits idéaux pour l’application du processus de RT. Après une nécessaire étude des nombreux paramètres qui gouvernent ce dernier couplée à la définition de méthodologies numériques spécifiques, les applications du RT en CRBM sont exposées. En particulier, l’intérêt d’une focalisation sélective pour des tests en susceptibilité rayonnée est démontré. L’importance des coefficients d’absorption et de diffraction des équipements en CRBM justifie leur caractérisation précise et efficace. À cette fin, la mise en oeuvre d’un calcul temporel de section efficace totale de diffraction (TSCS en anglais) est détaillée. L’application de cette nouvelle technique à différentes formes de brasseurs de modes permet au final de confronter ces résultats avec ceux obtenus à l’aide de tests normatifs CEMThe work presented in this thesis concerns the use of time techniques for impulsive ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) applications, mainly for Modes Stirred Reverberation Chamber (MSRC) studies. Contrary to approaches from frequency domain, obviously well-fitted for studies in resonant cavities, the main idea of this thesis was to study an original time method for MSRC investigation to propose new paradigms for equipment characterization. Originally developed in acoustics, the Time Reversal (TR) process recently applied to electromagnetic waves allows focusing it both in time and space. The process quality is even higher if the propagation environment is reverberant. Thus, the Reverberation Chambers (RC) are an ideal locations for TR implementation. After a study of parameters involved in the TR process coupled with the definition of specific numerical methods, the applications of TR in MSRC are exposed. In particular, the interest of selective focusing for radiated susceptibility tests is demonstrated. The importance of absorption and diffraction coefficients for MSRC equipment justifies their accurate and efficient characterization. To this end, the implementation of a temporal calculation of the Total Scattering Cross Section (TSCS) in RC is detailed. The application of this new technique to different forms of stirrers allows finally to face these results with those obtained from standard EMC test
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El, Ghazouani Saïd. "Ionisation double du magnesium par impact électronique : détermination des sections efficaces différentielles et des section[s] efficaces totales." Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/El_Ghazouani.Said.SMZ9920.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Dans ce travail, nous avons présenté un calcul ab-initio pour la double ionisation par impact électronique de l'atome de magnésium basé sur le formalisme du développement en ondes partielles, en utilisant des fonctions d'ondes corrélées pour décrire la cible et des fonctions d'ondes distordues pour décrire les deux électrons éjectés. Nos prédictions théoriques ont été comparées aux mesures expérimentales de El Marji et al. L'accord plus ou moins bon entre théorie et expérience nous permet d'affirmer que la description actuelle du double continuum n'est pas encore satisfaisante et que la présence d'un autre mécanisme (autre que le S. O) de double ionisation et probable. Nous avons calculé pour la première fois différents types de sections efficaces intégrées (section efficace quadruplement et simplement différentielle) en considérant les corrélations électroniques dans l'état initial et l'effet de la distortion dans la voie finale. Ce travail a montré l'importance de la prise en compte de la corrélation électronique et du rôle non négligeagle des effets de distorsion sur différents types de sections efficacesElectron - impact double ionization of magnesium atom (3s2) is investigated theoretically for the case of high incident en[e]rgies (1KeV). An ab-initio calculation is carried out including correlation in the initial - state wave function and distorted wave function for the ejected electrons. The results are compared with the first (e,3 e) data on magnesium atom. For the first time we have calculed different cross sections type of the double ionization (8DCS, 7DCS, 4DCS, 2DCS, DCS) taking into account electronic correlations in the initial state and the effect of the distortion in the final state. This work hasshown the importance of the electronic correlation and the role of the distortion on the different cross sections
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El, Baba Ibrahim. "Contributions numériques en compatibilité électromagnétique impulsionnelle. Paradigme pour la caractérisation temporelle d'équipements." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00720219.
Full textAbstract:
Le travail présenté dans cette thèse concerne la mise en oeuvre numérique de techniques temporelles pour des applications en compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) impulsionnelle, essentiellement pour des études en chambre réverbérante à brassage de modes (CRBM). Prenant le contre-pied des approches fréquentielles, adaptées par nature aux études de cavités résonantes, l'idée directrice de ce mémoire a été d'étudier des moyens temporels originaux d'investigation de CRBM en vue de proposer de nouveaux paradigmes pour la caractérisation d'équipements. Originellement développé en acoustique, le processus de retournement temporel (RT) récemment appliqué aux ondes électromagnétiques permet une focalisation spatiale et temporelle de ces dernières d'autant meilleur que le milieu de propagation est réverbérant. Les chambres réverbérantes (CR) sont ainsi des endroits idéaux pour l'application du processus de RT. Après une nécessaire étude des nombreux paramètres qui gouvernent ce dernier couplée à la définition de méthodologies numériques spécifiques, les applications du RT en CRBM sont exposées. En particulier, l'intérêt d'une focalisation sélective pour des tests en susceptibilité rayonnée est démontré. L'importance des coefficients d'absorption et de diffraction des équipements en CRBM justifie leur caractérisation précise et efficace. À cette fin, la mise en oeuvre d'un calcul temporel de section efficace totale de diffraction (TSCS en anglais) est détaillée. L'application de cette nouvelle technique à différentes formes de brasseurs de modes permet au final de confronter ces résultats avec ceux obtenus à l'aide de tests normatifs CEM.
Book chapters on the topic "Section efficace totale"
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Zhang, Di, and Ki-Hwan G. Bae. "School Bus Routing and Student Assignment With Special-Need Student Consideration." In Analytics, Operations, and Strategic Decision Making in the Public Sector, 38–63. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7591-7.ch003.
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This chapter presents a modeling framework that solves a student assignment problem with bus stop selection, and subsequently a school bus routing problem with school time window constraints. The model incorporates the characteristics of special-need and general student population, and provides a school bus service schedule to transport both types of students. The student assignment model selects the number of optimal bus stops from available locations, and measures total student walking distance as part of service quality measure. The routing model includes a multi-objective function regarding service equity and quality that is of interest to decision makers. The authors demonstrate the efficacy of heuristic methods and a column generation technique implemented to solve the problems using real data from a suburban school district of a major U.S. city.
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Sezgin, Eray Ekin, and Muhammet Düşükcan. "The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy and Leadership in Pygmalion Perception of the Workers." In Multidimensional Perspectives and Global Analysis of Universal Health Coverage, 384–410. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2329-2.ch015.
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The main objective of the chapter was to examine the effect on the motivations of Pygmalion perception of health workers working in public-private hospitals operating in TRB1 region (Elazığ, Malatya, Tunceli, and Bingöl) and to analyze the mediator role of self-efficacy and leadership in this effect. For this purpose, employees of all public and private sector hospitals in the region were accepted as main mass and data was collected. A total of 12,939 health workers are employed in these hospitals. The sample of the study consisted of 414 health workers. In this study, the quantitative research method has been used and data was obtained through a face-to-face survey technique. The main analyses used in this study were descriptive statistics, validity and reliability, regression and mediating role analyzes. Pygmalion perception can be effective at a rate of 11% on motivation (r = 0.329; r2 = 0.108; p<0.001). In addition, it was found that leadership and self-efficacy had a partial mediating role in the effect of Pygmalion perception on motivation.
Conference papers on the topic "Section efficace totale"
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Sumiati, Sumiati, and Evi Nurhidayati. "Relationship Between Family Support and Self- Efficacy among Pregnant Women in Yogyakarta." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.30.
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Background: Maternal mental health problems, most often depression and anxiety, remain a major public health concern during the antenatal and postnatal periods. Some studies reported that high level of self-efficacy in pregnant women might improve maternal prenatal care. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between family support and self- efficacy among pregnant women in Yogyakarta. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Kotagede I Community Health Centre, Yogyakarta from October 2017 to July 2018. A total of 30 primigravida dan multigravida women with the third trimester of gestational age was selected for this study. The dependent variable was self-efficacy of pregnant women. The independent variable was family support. The study subjects were selected by accidental sampling. The primary data were collected using family support and maternal confidence questionnaires. The data were analyzed by chi-square. Results: A total of 93.3% of pregnant women had strong family support. The majority of pregnant women possessed high levels of self-efficacy (90%). Good family support increased the self-efficacy of pregnant women (OR= 113.40; 95% CI= 6.26 to 2054.00; p <0.001). Conclusion: Good family support increases the self-efficacy of pregnant women. Keywords: pregnant women, self-efficacy, family support Correspondence: Sumiati. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi (Ringroad Barat) No. 63, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta, 55292. Email: sariatidum@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282134952376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.30
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Ganesan, V., and V. Jyothish Kumar. "Gas Turbine Combustor: Modelling and Optimization." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80794.
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Present work is concerned with the flow field analysis inside an annular gas turbine combustor both under non-reacting and reacting conditions. Three-dimensional gas turbine combustor of 20-degree sector has been modeled using the pre-processor GAMBIT. Flow through the combustor has been simulated using FLUENT code by solving the appropriate governing equations viz., conservation of mass, momentum and energy. RNG κ-ε turbulence model is used for physical modeling. Initially prediffuser optimization has been carried out with respect to angle, length and contours. Flow through holes is modeled using porous jump boundary condition as well as modeling real holes themselves to study the efficacy of real hole modeling. Total pressure loss has been calculated to evaluate the cold flow as well as hot flow losses. Combustion has been modeled using the Probability Density Function (PDF) approach. Temperature and species concentrations are predicted.
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Jurney, Patrick, Rachit Agarwal, Vikramjit Singh, Krishnendu Roy, S. V. Sreenivasan, and Li Shi. "The Effect of Nanoparticle Size on Margination and Adhesion Propensity in Artificial Micro-Capillaries." In ASME 2012 Third International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2012-75258.
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Intravenous injection of nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles is a common practice used in in-vivo and clinical trials of therapeutic agents to target specific cancerous or pathogenic sites. The vascular flow dynamics of nanocarriers in human capillaries play an important role in the ultimate efficacy of this drug delivery method. This article reports an experimental study of the effect of nanoparticle size on their margination and adhesion propensity in micro fabricated microfluidic channels of a half elliptical cross-section. Spherical polystyrene particles ranging in diameter from 60 to 970 nm were flown in the microchannels and individual particles adhered to either the channel’s top or bottom wall were imaged using fluorescence microscopy. The results show a significant increase in adhesion for particles with diameter below 200 nm as well as the emergence of a critical nanoparticle diameter of about 970 nm, where no nanoparticle adherence was observed on the top wall. For the same particle number concentration, the total volume of the nanoparticles adhered to the top and bottom walls was found to increase with decreasing diameter for diameters less than 200 nm. The results are explained by the competition between Brownian motion, gravity and hemodynamic forces on the nanoparticles. These findings on the flow behavior of spherical nanoparticles in artificial micro-capillaries provide further insight for the rational design of nanocarriers for targeted cancer therapeutics.