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Journal articles on the topic 'Section Shape'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tanveer, Muhammad, and Kwang-Yong Kim. "Effects of Bridge-Shaped Microchannel Geometry on the Performance of a Micro Laminar Flow Fuel Cell." Micromachines 10, no. 12 (2019): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10120822.

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A laminar flow micro fuel cell comprising of bridge-shaped microchannel is investigated to find out the effects of the cross-section shape of the microchannel on the performance. A parametric study is performed by varying the heights and widths of the channel and bridge shape. Nine different microchannel cross-section shapes are evaluated to find effective microchannel cross-sections by combining three bridge shapes with three channel shapes. A three-dimensional fully coupled numerical model is used to calculate the fuel cell’s performance. Navier-Stokes, convection and diffusion, and Butler-V

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2

Anwar, Naveed, and Mohammad Qaasim. "Parametric Study of Reinforced Concrete Column Cross-Section for Strength and Ductility." Key Engineering Materials 400-402 (October 2008): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.400-402.269.

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Several parameters and corresponding performance of reinforced concrete column cross-sections of different shapes (square, rectangular, circular, T-shape, I-shape, cross-shape, L-shape and C-shape) under various loading conditions have been studied in order to determine the suitable and optimum cross-sections for strength and ductility. In each cross-section shape, parameters include compressive strength of concrete (f’c), tensile strength of steel (fy), steel ratio (As/Ag), and angle of bending. In order to demonstrate the behavior and performance of the sections in terms of strength and duct

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3

Peng, Yongli, Zhengyi Kong, Ba Huu Dinh, et al. "Web Bend-Buckling of Steel Plate Girders Reinforced by Two Longitudinal Stiffeners with Various Cross-Section Shapes." Metals 13, no. 2 (2023): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13020323.

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This work performs an investigation into the optimal position of two longitudinal stiffeners with different cross-section shapes such as open section (L-shaped and T-shaped) and closed section (rectangular and triangular shapes) shapes of stiffened plate girders under bending loading through an optimization procedure using a gradient-based interior point (IP) optimization algorithm. The stiffener optimum locations are found by maximizing the bend-buckling coefficient, kb, generated from eigenvalue buckling analyses in Abaqus. The optimization procedure efficiently combines the finite element m

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Yang, Jingning, Yongxiang Wang, and Liansheng Ma. "Mechanical Analysis of Shape Memory Alloy Beams under Asymmetric Bending." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 38, no. 4 (2020): 881–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20203840881.

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Based on the bending theory of beams, combining with the constitutive relationship of shape memory alloy materials, the asymmetric bending of shape memory alloy beams under concentrated load was studied. Considering tension-compression asymmetry on both sides of the tension and compression in the process of bending, tension-compression asymmetry coefficient was introduced, by using the step-by-step method. The stress distribution, neutral axis displacement, curvature and phase boundary of the beam sections of the I-shaped cross-section shape memory alloy beam were analyzed. The results show th

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Dang, Van Kien, Ngoc Anh Do, Tai Tien Nguyen, Anh Duy Huynh Nguyen, and Van Vi Pham. "An overview of research on metro tunnel lining in the sub-rectangular shape." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 62, no. 4 (2021): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2021.62(4).08.

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Circular tunnels are the most popular shapes used in urban underground transportation systems when mechanized tunneling is used for tunnel excavation. However, circular tunnels have a small space utilization ratio. With the material development, non - circular tunnels such as sub - rectangular, U - shaped lining, etc. are now common, and their cross - section helps to improve the underground space utilization. However, there have been not many studies on the structure and the calculation method of the metro tunnels with the above cross - sections. The paper uses the analytical synthesis method

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6

Xie, Hong Tao. "Numerical Analysis on Influence of Cross Section Shape on Earthquake Resistant Capability of Shallow-Buried Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1292.

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Taking portal segment in some shallow-buried tunnel in seismic region with strong motion as objects of study, the finite element analysis method was used to compare and assess the seismic behavior of the tunnel with different cross section shape. The results show that the linings displacement response of the tunnel with different cross section shape differs very minor under seismic load. Meanwhile there exists obvious difference in the lining internal forces of the tunnel with different cross section shape. Among all the tunnel with different section shape, the mechanics situation of the tunne

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Hu, FangYuan, JuanFeng Jin, ShuQing Wang, WenJing Dang, ZhenZhen Guo, and ZiChao Liu. "Classification of young males’ shoulder shapes based on cross-sectional morphological characteristics." E3S Web of Conferences 237 (2021): 02017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123702017.

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This paper focused on the different characteristics of the shoulder cross-section curves closely related to the shape to subdivide the shoulder shapes. In this paper, 213 young college male students aged 18-26 were selected to measure the shoulder data with three-dimensional body scanner. With the help of imageware12.0 and matlabr2012b software, the cross-section curves which could be used to classify the shoulder shapes were extracted, and the method of subdividing the shoulder shapes with the curvature radius of the characteristic points of the cross-section curve and the ratio of sagittal t

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Bocharova, E. N., P. V. Chistyakov, and R. K. Zhdanov. "Using 3D Scanning to Study Composite Slotted Tools from the Early Holocene of Eastern Siberia (the Case of Kazachka-1 Site)." Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories 27 (2021): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0057-0065.

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The article demonstrates the potential applications of 3D scanning of composite slotted tools and the use of models as a basis for further scientific research. The scanning was carried out with high-precision equipment (Solutionix D700 scanner). The scanner provides high precision data acquisition of the geometry and surface of an artefact. As examples of archaeological artefacts we used composite slotted tools from the site of Kazachka-I. There were two bone tools from cultural layers 19 and 11. As a result of three-dimensional scanning application, a series of high-resolution scaled models w

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9

Mukhamediev, T. A., S. A. Zenin, and A. S. Zharkikh. "The reliability assessment of the method for calculating the strength of oblique sections in reinforced concrete elements with various cross-sectional shape." Bulletin of Science and Research Center of Construction 33, no. 2 (2022): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37538/2224-9494-2022-2(33)-139-149.

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Introduction. The current standards for the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures provide no methods for calculating the strength of the oblique sections in bending elements of various cross-sectional shape under the action of transverse forces. This prompts the designers to use simplifications in calculation of such elements, which, in some cases, may lead to excessive consumption of transverse reinforcement or the strength underestimation.Aim. The performed study was aimed at assessing the reliability of a new method for calculating the strength of oblique sections in bending

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Luca, Mihail, Nicolae Marcoie, Alexandru-Lucian Luca, and Daniel Toma. "Elements of hydraulic calculation of permanent movement at non-standard sewer collectors." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1136, no. 1 (2023): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1136/1/012034.

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Abstract An important issue in the design of the main visitable sewer collectors is the hydraulic calculation in permanent movement and non-permanent movement. Some main collectors that can be visited have non-standard flow sections, a situation that complicates the hydraulic calculation. Non-standard flow sections derive from standard sections (circular, ovoid, bell, rectangular and mixed) through natural and anthropogenic degradation processes. The initially designed section changes over time in terms of shape, dimensions and roughness, a situation in which determining the hydraulic paramete

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Kafka, Vratislav, and David Vokoun. "Shape Memory Elements in Bending: Influence of the Shape of their Cross-Section." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 11, no. 12 (2000): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1106/2x89-bxge-877l-khkv.

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The effect of the shape of the cross-section of a bent prismatic bar on its shape memory recovery moment is investigated. The analysis is based on the mathematical model of the first author (Kafka, 1994a, 1994b, 2001). The area of the cross-section of the bar is assumed to be constant, the shape of the cross-section is varied. The investigated shapes are rectangles with various relations of their sides, and a circular cross-section. It is assumed that the rod is bent above elastic limit and unloaded at room temperature, which results in macroscopic residual stresses giving zero bending moment,

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12

Yin, Lingfeng, Tianyang Deng, Yu Niu, and Zhanjie Li. "Free-Form Shape Optimization of Advanced High-Strength Steel Members." Buildings 12, no. 12 (2022): 2101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122101.

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The high yielding strength of advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) provides great opportunities for cold-formed steel (CFS) members with much higher load-carrying capability. However, if manufactured into the traditional cross-section shapes, such as C and Z, the material advantage cannot be fully exploited due to the cross-section instabilities. The purpose of this study was to establish a shape optimization method for cold-formed sections with AHSS and explore the potentially material efficiency that AHSS could provide to these sections in terms of their axial strength. In this study, the ins

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Wiley, Benjamin, Yugang Sun, Jingyi Chen, et al. "Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Silver and Gold Nanostructures." MRS Bulletin 30, no. 5 (2005): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2005.98.

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AbstractThis article provides a brief account of solution-phase methods that generate silver and gold nanostructures with well-controlled shapes. It is organized into five sections: The first section discusses the nucleation and formation of seeds from which nanostructures grow. The next two sections explain how seeds with fairly isotropic shapes can grow anisotropically into distinct morphologies. Polyol synthesis is selected as an example to illustrate this concept. Specifically, we discuss the growth of silver nanocubes (with and without truncated corners), nanowires, and triangular nanopla

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KIM, S. B., H. HUH, G. H. LEE, J. S. YOO, and M. Y. LEE. "DESIGN OF THE CROSS SECTION SHAPE OF AN ALUMINUM CRASH BOX FOR CRASHWORTHINESS ENHANCEMENT OF A CAR." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 31n32 (2008): 5578–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920805084x.

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This paper deals with the crashworthiness of an aluminum crash box for an auto-body with the various shapes of cross section such as a rectangle, a hexagon and an octagon. First, crash boxes with various cross sections were tested with numerical simulation to obtain the energy absorption capacity and the mean load. In case of the simple axial crush, the octagon shape shows higher mean load and energy absorption than the other two shapes. Secondly, the crash boxes were assembled to a simplified auto-body model for the overall crashworthiness. The model consists of a bumper, crash boxes, front s

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15

Lada, Adveni H. A., Partogi H. Simatupang, and Andi H. Rizal. "Studi Parametrik Pengaruh Variasi Pengekangan Terhadap Nilai Kapasitas dan Daktilitas Penampang Kolom Beton Bertulang Bentuk T." JURNAL FORUM TEKNIK SIPIL (J-ForTekS) 1, no. 1 (2021): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/forteks.v1i1.4077.

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Column has a function as a successor of the entire building load for foundation with a cross-sectional shape which generally a square. In its development, the shape of column section has begun to vary, namely the 'L', 'T' and 'Plus (+)' shaped sections. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of restraint parameters such as diameter of stirrups, distance between stirrups, diameter and configuration of longitudinal reinforcement also concrete quality on the capacity and ductility of T-shaped non-square column using Response-2000, XTRACT and SAP2000 programs to ensure the percentag

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16

Ma, Ben, Hai Qing Li, Xu Deng, and Min Li. "Cross-Section Shape Optimization of Expandable Cased-Hole Liners." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 1141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.1141.

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Expandable cased-hole liners is to solve the sealing problem of level six multilateral wells. It is a trigeminal expandable tube which is usually prefabricated on the ground and re-expanded when placed in the proper position. In this paper, the trigeminal expandable tubular compression molding process of the pre-forming stage is mainly studied. In this compression process, both sides of the branch pipe should be compressed to a certain shape in order to successfully enter the main borehole; meanwhile, we want to make sure that failures such as rupture do not occur in the subsequent expansion p

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17

Elmabrouk, Omar, Osama M. Erfan, and Ali Kalkanli. "The Effect of Magnesium to Sulfur Ratio on the Graphite Morphology of Graphite Cast Iron Produced at Differrent Section Thicknesses." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 5880–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.5880.

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This paper is concerned with the investigation of the effect of magnesium to sulfur ratio on the graphite morphology and estimation of the ranges of this ratio use to produce graphite cast iron at different section sections. The main factors affecting shape of graphite cast iron are the metallurgical structures and the section thicknesses. Cast iron of different shapes of graphite particles directly affect its thermo-mechanical properties. The nodular shape of these graphite particles such as in ductile cast iron improve its mechanical properties, on the other hand, when the shape of these gra

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18

Majid, Abdul. "Theoretical Assessment on Shape-Dependent Optical Properties of Gold Nanostructures." Quaid-e-Awam University Research Journal of Engineering, Science & Technology 21, no. 2 (2023): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.52584/qrj.2102.09.

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In the current work, detailed investigations on shape-dependent optical properties of gold nanostructures are carried out using the finite element method. The key objective of the work was to explore the optical response of differently shaped gold nanostructures. Five differently shaped gold nanostructures i.e. nanopyramid, nanocylinder, nanocone, nanosphere, and nanocube were considered to study the optical properties including skin depth, relative permittivity, refractive index, absorption cross-section, and extinction cross-section. The optical properties of gold appeared to depend on the s

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19

Abdulsalam Mustafa, Sumayah, Mohd Zulham Affandi bin Mohd Zahid, and Md Hadli bin Abu Hassan. "Cross Section Optimization of Plane Truss among Different Spans." Applied Mechanics and Materials 679 (October 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.679.1.

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Cross sectional areas optimization is to be implemented to study the influence of the cross section shape on the optimum truss weight. By the aid of analysis and design engines with advanced finite element analysis that is the steel design software STAAD. Four rolled steel sections (angle, tube, channel, and pipe) which are used in industrial roof trusses are applied for comparison. Many previous studies, use the areas of cross sections as design variables without highlight to the shape of cross section at the start of the process, consequently the result area will be adequate if the designer

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20

Noh, Eun Sun, Sergio E. Ulloa, and Hyuck Mo Lee. "The Effect of the Geometrical Shape and Size of the Cross Section on the Spin-Polarized Transport and the Giant Magnetoresistance : Finite Element Method Analysis." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.843.

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We analyze the effect of the geometrical shape and size of the cross section on the spin-polarized transport and the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) by a finite element method, and evaluate the stability and the physical properties of nano-scale spin valves. We calculate the transmission coefficients in the ballistic regime by using a transfer-matrix method, and evaluate the GMR of the current perpendicular to the plane (CPP) by using a circuit theory. The conduction-band structure is simplified to the potential step, which is determined by combining the interfacial parameters calculated by firs

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21

WU, B., A. VAN HIRTUM, and X. Y. LUO. "PRESSURE DRIVEN STEADY FLOW IN CONSTRICTED CHANNELS OF DIFFERENT CROSS-SECTION SHAPES." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 05, no. 01 (2013): 1350002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825113500026.

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The influence of the cross-section shape on pressure driven viscous flow through a uniform channel is assessed by presenting analytical flow solutions of velocity distribution, volume flow rate and shear stress for different cross-section shapes. Next, a simplified flow model through a non-uniform constricted channel is formulated which accounts for flow inertia, viscosity and cross-section shape. The model outcome is quantified for different fluids, flows and geometrical properties relevant to physiological flows. It is seen that a commonly applied quasi-one-dimensional (1D) model is not accu

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Murshed, Muhammad Ridwan, Badar Ud Duja, Shivakumar I. Ranganathan, and Basil M. Darras. "Design Maps and Shape Optimization of a Prototype Vehicle Chassis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 367 (August 2013): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.367.101.

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This paper focuses on optimizing the design of an eco-car chassis cross-section. This is done by constructing design maps and by carrying out a parametric study on the relative stiffness and mass of three different cross-sections: round-tubular, square-tubular and I-section. The objective is to determine the section that yields the desired safety factor while maintaining the lowest possible mass. An iterative approach is employed and the safety of the final design is verified both numerically and experimentally.

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DUMITRIU, DAN, MARIUS IONESCU, and CRISTIAN RUGINA. "Hook crane shape design improvement for reducing the maximum stress." Romanian Journal of Technical Sciences - Applied Mechanics 68, no. 1 (2023): 21–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.59277/rjts-am.2023.1.02.

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The stress analysis of a hook crane submitted to some vertical static force is a simple FEM problem, approached here using SolidWorks Simulation software. Our purpose was to simulate different possibilities to slightly modify the shape of the hook crane, without adding too much material, in order to reduce the maximum stress induced in the hook. The shape design concerned here both the shape of the (transversal) cross-section and the shape of the hook longitudinal profile. The stress distribution is strongly depending on the shape of the hook crane, but it is almost independent on the hook mat

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Aoyagi, Seiji, Kento Okuda, Tomokazu Takahashi, and Masato Suzuki. "Effect of Microneedle Cross-Sectional Shape on Puncture Resistance – Investigation of Polygonal and Star-Shaped Cross Sections –." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 32, no. 2 (2020): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2020.p0371.

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The shape of the needle tip that is currently used in the medical field is a “lancet point,” which is a diagonally cut cylindrical pipe, further cut on both sides. The shape of the needle shank is typically cylindrical. In this paper, tip and shank shapes that differ from the standard shape are experimentally investigated for the purpose of reducing puncture resistance. Microneedles of various cross-sectional shapes, such as polygonal and star-like, were fabricated using stereo laser lithography. Before the needle penetrates the skin, sharp edges at the needle tip may be effective to generate

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Liu, Junpeng, Yajing Sun, Gang Chen, and Pengcheng Zhai. "Performance Analysis of Variable Cross-Section TEGs under Constant Heat Flux Conditions." Energies 16, no. 11 (2023): 4473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16114473.

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In this paper, five shapes of thermoelectric generator (TEG) models (cylindrical, barrel shaped, hourglass shaped, cup shaped, and inverse cup shaped) are built under the boundary conditions of heat flux at the hot end and convection at the cold end of the TEGs. Based on the numerical simulation results, the configuration of the variable cross-section can effectively boost the performance of TEGs. Remarkably, the hourglass-shaped TEG generated the maximum output power and efficiency, which were 69.62% and 70.96% higher than that of the conventional cylindrical TEG, respectively. The results in

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Stulpinas, Mantas. "A REVIEW OF THIN-WALLED BUILT-UP CROSS-SECTION ASSEMBLIES." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 15 (March 27, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2023.16914.

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The goal of this research is to review the methods of assembly of the thin-walled built-up cross-sections, cross-section shapes and shape selection reasons. Different author’s experimental studies of the thin-walled built-up cross-sections of various lengths and shapes have been reviewed. The cross-section of the thin-walled built-up columns is assembled by connecting two or more profiles at their webs or flanges. The cross-section can be assembled indirectly – by using intermediate plates. The connections of the profiles and plates can be self-drilling screws, bolts, rivets or welds. The step

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Tusnin, Alexander, and Ilya Selyantsev. "The Influence of Cross-Section Shape Changing on Work of Cold Formed Beam." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.361.

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The Necessity of taking into account the ability of cold-formed steel thin-walled profiles to gradually change its cross section shape proportionally to the load acting on it is considered. Free torsion constants Jt value for cold-formed profiles is justified. Underestimation of beam torsion due to ignoring of the cross-section contour deformation is assessed. The thin-walled Z and C-shaped cold formed steel sections recently are becoming more and more popular in the constructions of low-rise buildings. A characteristic feature of cold-formed thin-walled profiles in these structures is the nee

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AlJallad, Sadjad Amir, and Haitham Al-Thairy. "EFFECT OF WEB OPENING ON THE AXIAL LOAD CAPACITY OF STEEL COLUMNS WITH COLD FORMED THIN WALLED SECTION (CFS)." Kufa Journal of Engineering 7, no. 3 (2016): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/731200.

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In this paper, an experimental study has been presented to investigate the effects of web opening on the behavior and failure of steel columns with cold formed thin walled sections (CFS) subjected to axial compressive load. Twenty small scale steel columns with cold formed box and channel sections and a total length of 500 mm have been considered in the experimental tests. Ten of the tested steel columns specimens have a box section with dimensions of (100×100×2) mm (height × width× thickness), and the other ten columns specimens have a channel sections with dimensions of (100×50×2) mm (height

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Sui, Jian Hua, Li Ding, and Cai Ping Song. "The Discussion of the Yarn Cross-Section Shape of Woven Fabrics." Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (January 2011): 402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.402.

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The form character and oblate shape of cross-section of the yarn in woven fabrics are discussed. Various fabric samples are made by using 106 tex cotton yarn as warp and weft, with changing warp densities and fabric structures as plain、1/2 twill and 1/3 twill respective. The diameter d and horizontal diameter a of the yarn are measured by analyzing the images of the fabric slice. Then the stave extension width coefficient δ of yarn cross-section is calculated. The result shows that there are three different kinds of cross-section shapes of the yarn in fabric as ellipse or similar convex lens,

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Li, Weiteng, Zijian Wang, Zhaoshun Jing, Yuanzhen Li, Yuchun Mei, and Chunqing Liu. "A Method for Calculating the Bearing Capacity of Basic Members of an Underground Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Supporting Arch with a D-Shaped Cross Section." Buildings 14, no. 12 (2024): 4014. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14124014.

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High-strength concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) arches have been widely applied in underground engineering, among which there are special-shaped arches such as D-shaped sections. At present, most studies have concentrated on members with square or circular sections, while relatively few studies have been conducted on D-shaped section members. In this study, firstly, D-shaped sections were initially transformed into sections with a part square and part elliptical shape using an equivalent section method. The formulas for the axial compression and pure bending bearing capacities of the basic D-s

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Xi, Xulong, Pu Xue, Xiaochuan Liu, et al. "Energy Absorption and Failure Modes of Different Composite Open-Section Crush Elements under Axial Crushing Loading." Materials 17, no. 13 (2024): 3197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17133197.

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In order to study the energy absorption characteristics of the open-section thin-walled composite structures with different cross-sections, axial compression tests were carried out at loading speeds of 0.01 m/s, 0.1 m/s, and 1 m/s. Finite element models were built to predict the crushing response and energy absorption behaviors of these open-section structures. The effects of the cross-section’s shape, cross-section aspect ratio, trigger mechanism, and loading speed on the energy absorption characteristics of the composite structures were analyzed. The results show that the average crushing lo

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Othman, Muhammad Zulhaiqal, and Ahmed Al Zand. "Numerical Investigation of the Flexural Performance of Slender CFST Beams with Varied Shapes of External Stiffeners." Knowledge-Based Engineering and Sciences 3, no. 2 (2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51526/kbes.2022.3.2.1-17.

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The concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) beams are recommended for adopting in the modern composite structure since it achieves a higher load capacity and ductility behaviour than the conventional structural members. Using CFST beams with slender steel cross-section led to reduce the overall cost of the structures compared to those with compact cross-sections; however, it is more likable to buckle under the compression stress. Therefore, providing external stiffeners along the four sides of CFST beams expected to reduce the overall self-weight also can provide more stiffening to the steel’s secti

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Agüero, Antonio, Ivan Baláž, Torsten Höglund, and Yvona Koleková. "Plastic Design of Metal Thin-Walled Cross-Sections of Any Shape Under Any Combination of Internal Forces." Buildings 14, no. 12 (2024): 3890. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14123890.

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A short tribute to pioneers in the development of the plastic design of metal thin-walled cross-sections is presented. This large study investigates altogether fourteen steel and four extruded aluminum cross-sections in detail. Six groups of the cross-sections with various shapes consist of four I-shaped doubly symmetric sections with or without lips; three monosymmetric sections with an axis of symmetry z including T- and diamond sections; four monosymmetric channels with or without lips; two point-symmetric Z-sections; and four asymmetric sections. The four extruded aluminum cross-sections a

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Ge, Yeqian, Qin Deyan, Wang Hongfang, Tu Jianhong, Wang Xuefei, and Xi Bojun. "Study on Special Shaped Polyester Fibers and Development of Products." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 3 (2021): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.3.3.

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Non-circular profiled fibers are generally synthetic fibers that have a modified cross-section shape, which are created to mimic natural fibers or to obtain special properties. The shape of the cross-section has great influence on the properties of profiled polyester (PET) fibers and their fabrics. The structure and properties of flat-shaped and hexagonal-shaped profiled PET fibers and ordinary PET fibers, as well as the properties of their knit fabrics were characterized. Experimental results showed that air permeability, heat retention, and wrinkle resilience of profiled PET fabrics were bet

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Li, Jinhua, Zhan Quan, Yao Zhang, Liyuan Cao, and Chunxiang Li. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Based Kriging Prediction on Flutter Derivatives of Flat Steel Box Girders." Symmetry 14, no. 7 (2022): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14071304.

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An investigation on the flutter derivative prediction of flat steel box girders is carried out based on CFD simulations. Firstly, by taking the flat steel girder section of Qingshan Yangtze River Bridge as the basic section and considering its width and height as the design variables of cross-section shape, the design domain of cross-section shape is defined by controlling the possible variation range of cross-section design variables. A small number of cross-sections are selected for the calculation of aerodynamic forces by CFD simulations. Secondly, according to the aerodynamic lift and mome

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Lv, Lihua, Yaoli Huang, Jingrui Cui, Yongfang Qian, Fang Ye, and Yuping Zhao. "Bending properties of three-dimensional honeycomb sandwich structure composites: experiment and Finite Element Method simulation." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 17 (2017): 2024–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517703602.

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This paper fabricated three-dimensional (3D) honeycomb sandwich structure fabrics with three different cross-section shapes on an ordinary loom by reasonable design with low cost. The 3D honeycomb sandwich structure composites were fabricated by the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process. Then, the bending properties of 3D honeycomb sandwich structure composites with different cross-section shapes were tested. The results showed that the 3D honeycomb sandwich structure composite with a hexagonal cross-section shape had the maximum load, the 3D honeycomb sandwich structure composite wit

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Aleyaasin, Majid. "Protective and Blast Resistive Design of Posttensioned Box Girders Using Computational Geometry." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4932987.

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The optimal tendon profile and its associated duct geometry for posttensioned box girders are investigated. A computational algorithm has been developed to determine an ideal shape for the tendon and duct. The algorithm is based on a diagonal cross point in the Magnel quadrilateral and uses computational geometry instead of graphical drawing. Thereafter, an ideal parabolic and linear tendon profiles can be calculated from which the covering duct could be shaped. To check the optimality of the results, an automatic examination of Magnel diagrams in various cross sections is incorporated in the

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Dremin, I. M. "Some Recent Results on High-Energy Proton Interactions." Particles 2, no. 1 (2019): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/particles2010005.

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Recent experimental results about the energy behavior of the total cross sections, the share of elastic and inelastic contributions to them, the peculiar shape of the differential cross section and our guesses about the behavior of real and imaginary parts of the elastic scattering amplitude are discussed. The unitarity condition relates elastic and inelastic processes. Therefore it is used in the impact-parameter space to get some information about the shape of the interaction region of colliding protons by exploiting new experimental data. The obtained results are described.

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Wang, Wei Chen. "Method of Simulating Rapid Prototyping Part Shape and Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 703 (December 2014): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.703.262.

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A method of simulating the shape of Rapid Prototyping (RP) part is proposed to evaluate the data processing quality in RP. A series of section contours of the CAD model are obtained firstly; and then the section boundary curves are compensated to satisfy the part’s application purpose; finally, the simulated model of RP part is achieved by extruding the sections with the corresponding layer thickness. The results indicate that the method can denote the RP part’s shape and size tolerance caused by manufacturing data, and that RP part with mixed tolerance fabricated by adaptive slicing has bette

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Soloveva, Olga, Sergei Solovev, Rozalina Shakurova, and Marat Perukhin. "Influence of the cross-sectional geometry of the heat exchanger element on heat flow and pressure drop." E3S Web of Conferences 531 (2024): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453102014.

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This paper examines the influence of the geometry of the heat exchanger element on heat flow, pressure drop, outlet temperature and energy efficiency. By numerical modeling in a two-dimensional formulation, we solved the problem of convective heat transfer when air flows transversely around one and three rows of heated elements of different cross-sections. The following cross-sectional shapes of heated elements are: circle, trefoil, trefoil (mirrored), quatrefoil, cinquefoil and cinquefoil (mirrored). Calculations were carried out using ANSYS Fluent v. 19.2 at the following air flow velocities

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Sukach, M. K. "The Staple-Shape Plate Springs Engineering Calculation Method." Science & Technique 20, no. 3 (2021): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2021-20-3-268-274.

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The new types of elastic devices – staple-shape plate spring and leaf spring - have been developed at the Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture. The staple-shape plate spring is an elastic plate where the ends are deflected from its middle part in the same direction and are made in the form of consoles equipped with hinge attachments. The middle part of the plate as a parallel to the line of the load action is designed with variable length section. In each section, the axis, relative to which the moment of the section inertia is a maximum, is perpendicular to the spring ben

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Zarzur, Edmundo. "The shape of the human lumbar vertebral canal." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 54, no. 3 (1996): 451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1996000300014.

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Literature on the anatomy of the human vertebral column characterizes the shape of the lumbar vertebral canal as triangular. The purpose of the present study was to determine the precise shape of the lumbar vertebral canal. Ten lumbar vertebral columns of adult male cadavers were dissected. Two transverse sections were performed in the third lumbar vertebra. One section was performed at the level of the lower border of the ligamenta flava, and the other section was performed at the level of the pedicles. The shape of the lumbar vertebral canal at the level of the pedicles tends to be oval or c

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Miyazaki, Katsumi. "On the shape of foregut lumen in sea spiders (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82, no. 6 (2002): 1037–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315402006628.

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The shape of foregut lumen in both the pharyngeal and the oesophageal regions has been examined from serial histological sections in 16 species of pycnogonids covering all extant families. Each species has a Y-shaped foregut lumen in transverse section. This result shows that some previous authors misoriented the lumen as inverted Y-shaped. The triradiate Y-shaped foregut lumen has been found among ecdysozoans including tardigrades, onychophorans and scatteringly arthropods. At present, it is not clear whether the Y-shaped state of the characteristic in pycnogonids is convergent or symplesiomo

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Valente, Francesco, Antonio Scarano, Giovanna Murmura, et al. "Collagen Fibres Orientation in the Bone Matrix around Dental Implants: Does the Implant’s Thread Design Play a Role?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 15 (2021): 7860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157860.

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The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of different thread shapes of titanium dental implant on the bone collagen fibre orientation (BCFO) around loaded implants. Twenty titanium dental implants, divided for thread shapes in six groups (A–F) were analysed in the present study. All implants were immediately loaded and left in function for 6 months before retrieval. The parameters evaluated under scanning electron microscope were the thread width, thread depth, top radius of curvature, flank angle, and the inter-thread straight section. Two undecalcified histological sections were pr

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Jiang, Bing Kun, Xin Jie Ji, and Yong Zhong Li. "Flow Field Model Experiment Studies of a Bipolar Plates PEMFC." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.581.

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The mode experiment is respectively done under condition of different amount of gas supply, different shape of gas admission room, different cross-section shape of flow channel. Results show that pressure descend of U shape cross-section slot is smaller than the rectangle cross-section slot in the equal fault stream section situation, so flow distribution characteristic of U shape cross-section slot is better. The experiment results are consistent with numerical simulation results. In addition, numerical simulation results also indicate that the mass of gas diffusing from U shape cross-section

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Sherk, George W. "The Shape of Illusion." Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 1, no. 1 (2013): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v1.i1.7.

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With these words, Colonel Nathan R. Jessep, played by Jack Nicholson in the movie A Few Good Men, expressed his outrage at being caught in a lie. The lie is not relevant to our purposes today. What is relevant is the fact that the truth eventually became known. As we look to secure water supplies for the future, it is essential that decisions regarding the allocation and management of water resources be based as much as possible on truth, not on illusions created and perpetrated in the name of political expediency. As Col. Jessep could not stand being caught in a lie, future water allocation a

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Sukesan, Manu K., and Shine S. R. "Effect of back pressure and divergent section contours on aerodynamic mixture separation using convergent–divergent micronozzles." AIP Advances 12, no. 8 (2022): 085207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0097772.

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A numerical investigation of the aerodynamic separation associated with converging–diverging two-dimensional planar micronozzles is reported. The impact of divergent section shapes such as linear, bell, and trumpet, the effect of different back pressure conditions, and the associated flow and separation features are studied. Simulations used the direct simulation Monte Carlo method and are validated with the available experimental data. The lateral separation effect is found to be influenced by the nozzle divergent section shape. The separation performance of micronozzles of different throat s

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Ghaddar, Maha G. "Effect of Hollow Shape on the Behavior of Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Slender Column Under Eccentric Loading." Engineering and Technology Journal 39, no. 6 (2021): 884–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i6.1504.

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Results of testing reinforced self-compacted concrete slender columns having longitudinal holes concealing PVC pipe in their cross sections under axial compression load and uniaxial bending are presented in this paper. The effect of hollow shape on the performance of slender columns having 200x200mm quadratic cross section and 1300mm long under concentric and eccentric loads was investigated. Three different shapes of central hole: circular, square, and lozenge pattern in addition to the different load eccentricity values were considered to investigate the axial loading resistance and cracking

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Niu, Jiangang, Wenming Xu, Jingjun Li, and Jian Liang. "Influence of Cross-Sectional Shape on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Canvas and CFRP-Reinforced Columns." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (May 11, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5541587.

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Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapping has become an attractive strengthening technique for concrete columns. However, the ingress of corrosion into the concrete through the gap of CFRP fiber greatly reduces the durability of concrete and the bearing capacity of specimens. Concrete canvas, a kind of corrosion-resistant and refractory material, is a promising method to enhance durability and carrying capacity. In this study, the concrete canvas (CC) and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) were used to jointly reinforce columns with square cross section, octagonal cross section, circular cro

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SAYAN, Yunus. "INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF A DIFFERENT TRAPEZOIDAL INCLINATION ANGLE IN A REVERSE TRAPEZOIDAL CROSS-SECTION FLOW CHANNEL ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PEM FUEL CELL WITH THE COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC (CFD) METHOD." Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 26, no. 2 (2023): 408–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17780/ksujes.1180483.

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In this work, a reverse trapezoidal cross-section channel shape for a single flow channel PEM fuel cell was examined with computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method. ANSYS Fluent was applied to solve electrochemical reactions, potential fields, mass, species, and energy transport equations. Species mass ratio, temperature distribution and relative humidity were obtained for the cell as well as the i-V and power density plots. The results were compared to two reference geometries with the commonly used square section shape for the channel. One reference geometry has the same channel width and hei

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