Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Section transversale'
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Wu, Bo. "Influence de la forme de la section transversale sur l'écoulement dans un canal: modélisation, simulation et expérience." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00938250.
Full textLee, Chao-Yu. "Ingénierie des interfaces metal/ceramique-mesure de l'adhérence entre une céramique diélectrique et un metal d'électrode." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10096.
Full textThe present study investigates the mechanical strength of metal/oxide interface. Ceramic was commercial available BaTiO3. Silver and nickel pastes are used as the metal materials. The metal film was prepared by screen-printing. Specimens with Ag or Ni layer, fabricated at different sintering temperatures, covering dense BaTiO3 substrates with different surface roughness have been prepared with a special geometry appropriate for blister and indentation testing. The blister test technique allows numerical estimation of interfacial adhesion strength through determination of the interfacial crack propagation energy. A simple method is proposed to correct for generalized plastic straining of silver layer. The average value of Ag/BaTiO3 adhesion strength ranges from 4 J/m2 to 7 J/m2 according to the firing temperature of Ag. For Ni film fired at 1200°C for 2 h on dense barium titanate, the average value is about 1 J/m2 Three indentation tests are developed to measure critical energy release rate of the same metal/oxide interfaces. The average Gci of Ag/BaTiO3 interface is about 0. 5 J/m2 according to normal and interface indentation tests. Cross-sectional indentation test has been also successfully performed and a new model for analysis of its results is developed. The average Gci of Ag/BaTiO3 interfaces are obtained from 1 J/m2 to 3 J/m2 according to the models
Jiang, Xianwu. "Hydrocarbon molecules databases for waste treatment applications." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST039.
Full textIn this thesis, we investigate the vibronic (de-) excitation and dissociative recombination of CH+ by low-energy electron impact. We first develop a theoretical approach for the electron-impact vibronic (de-) excitation of CH+. In this approach, the fixed-nuclear R-matrix method is employed to compute electron-ion scattering matrices in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. A vibronic frame transformation and the closedchannel elimination procedure in a spirit of molecular quantum defect theory are employed to construct an energy-dependent scattering matrix describing interactions between vibronic channels of the target ion induced by the incident electron. The obtained scattering matrix accounts for Rydberg series of vibronic resonances in the collisional spectrum. Cross sections for vibronic excitation for different combinations of initial and final vibronic states are computed. A good agreement between electronic-excitation cross sections, obtained using the quantum defect theory and in a direct R-matrix calculation, demonstrates that the present approach provides a reliable tool for determination of vibronic (de-) excitation cross sections for targets with low-energy electronic resonances. Such targets were difficult to treat theoretically using earlier methods. Within the same framework applied for the vibronic (de-) excitations, we further compute the cross section for low-energy dissociative recombination of CH+ coupling the outgoing-wave basis function defined by complex absorbing potential. The contribution of the three lowest X 1Σ +, a 3Π and A 1Π ionic states and the Rydberg series converging to those states are taken into account. The obtained DR cross sections are quantitatively in good agreement with the experimental measurements and exhibit a resonanc feature analogous to the experimental cross-section curve. The origination of the prominant resonances in the computed results are analyzed through computing the DR probabilities for the partial waves of the incident electron. The d-type partial waves including dσ, dπ and dδ are found considerably contributing to the DR of the ground-state CH+. This may explain the discrepancies observed between thoery and experiment in the preceeding studies
Schneider, Alexsandro. "Seções globais para fluxos de Reeb dinamicamente convexos em $L(p, 1)$ e folheação $3-2^3$ no Hamiltoniano de Hénon-Heiles." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45131/tde-04042018-171903/.
Full textWe show that a dynamically convex Reeb flow on a lens space $L(p, 1)$, $p>1$ admits a special closed Reeb orbit $P$ which is the binding of a rational open book decomposition with disk-like pages so that each page is a global surface of section. The Conley-Zehnder index of the $p$-th iterate of $P$ is $3$. As a corollary, the Reeb flow has $2$ or infinitely many closed Reeb orbits. This result applies to the Hénon-Heiles Hamiltonian whose flow restricted to low energy levels has $Z_3$-symmetry and descends to $L(3,1)$. Due to a $Z_4$-symmetry we also apply our results to Hill\'s lunar problem. In the second part of this work we investigate the existence of a $3-2^3$ foliation on energy levels of the Hénon-Heiles Hamiltonian, for energies above the critical one. We show that some region is of contact-type and the Reeb flow has a $Z_3$-symmetric periodic orbit, whose Conley-Zehnder is $3$ and has self-linking number $-1$.
Etter, Raymond William. "Transverse vibrations of a composite cylindrical tube of circular cross section." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27316.
Full textEdlund, Stefan. "Buckling of T-section beam-columns in aluminium with or without transverse welds." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Structural Engineering, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-2942.
Full textThis thesis deals with buckling of T-section beam-columns inaluminium with or without transverse welds. Totally 26 unweldedand 39 transversely welded T-section beam-columns were tested.Five of the welded beams were clamped. All unwelded and therest of the welded beams were simply supported for bending. Thewelding affects the load-carrying capacity of the beam-columns,because it introduces a heat-affected zone with reducedstrength. All beam-columns had the same theoreticalcross-section dimensions. The thickness of the flange and theweb was 6 mm. The depth and the width were 60 mm. Thetheoretical beam lengths were 500, 1020 and 1540 mm,respectively. Tensile tests of both the parent and theheat-affected material were made in order to determine thematerial properties.
Comparisons were made between the buckling tests and threecodes, the European aluminium code Eurocode 9, the Britishaluminium code BS 8118 and the Swedish steel code BSK. Someinterpretations of the codes had to be made, because the codesare not totally clear when applied on T-sections. Most problemsare related to the fact that the section modulus is not thesame for the two edges. In the interaction formulas, only theedge in compression was considered when the bending momentcapacity was calculated. The chosen interpretation of the codeswas often very conservative when compared with the bucklingtests.
The general-purpose finite element program Abaqus was usedto develop numerical models of the tested beam-columns. Shellelements were used. The models were calibrated with the resultsfrom the buckling tests. The stress-strain curves used in thefinite element calculations were obtained from the tensiletests. The results of the finite element calculations weresatisfactory. The numerical models could predict the loadcarrying capacity accurate enough. A similar deformed shape ofthe tested and calculated beam-columns was also obtained.
Different modifications of Eurocode 9 were analysed in orderto improve the results. One modification was that the ultimatestrength of the heat-affected zone was used instead of theyield strength of the parent material whenthe bucklingreduction factors of a welded section were calculated. Thecalculation of the bending moment capacity in the interactionformulas was also modified. The plastic section modulus wasused to calculate the bending moment capacity when the tip ofthe web was in tension. When the bending moment acted in theopposite direction, the calculation of the bending momentcapacity was based on a modified classification of the webelement. The investigation in this thesis indicates thatEurocode 9 is too severe in the classification of thecross-section. The way the bending moment capacity iscalculated for unsymmetric cross-sections in the interactionformulas needs to be further analysed. Tensile failure at thetip of the web was also discussed. This thesis shows that thecodes need to be improved when it concerns unsymmetriccross-sections. Some information how Eurocode 9 can be improvedis given.
Keywords: Buckling, buckling tests, Eurocode 9, aluminiumbeam-columns, beam-columns, T-sections, finite elementanalysis, transverse welds, codes, unsymmetriccross-sections.
Barre, Cyril. "Jet en écoulement transversal : observations expérimentales et numériques." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10277.
Full textCamilleri, Geraldine. "Perception des sensations physiques et des émotions dans le comportement alimentaire : lien avec la consommation alimentaire et le statut pondéral en population générale." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD106/document.
Full textIndividual psychological traits can positively or adversely affect eating and weight control notonly among obese individuals, but also in the whole population. So far, the literature hasmainly focused on negative traits such as restrained or emotional eating. Yet, positive (oradaptive) traits such as intuitive eating and mindfulness might predispose people to eat morehealthfully and maintain weight. Intuitive eating is defined as generally eating in response tophysiological hunger and satiety signals, and not in response to external and/or emotionalcues, together with low overall preoccupation with food. Mindfulness is defined as nonjudgmentalawareness of the present moment.Our main objective was to quantify emotional eating, intuitive eating and mindfulness in alarge sample of adults from the general population (the NutriNet-Santé cohort) and to assesswhether they were cross-sectionally associated with food intake and weight status.In women, higher emotional eating was associated with higher consumption of energy densesnack foods, and in particular sweet-and-fatty foods. The presence of depressive symptomsexacerbated this association. In men, this association was found in those without depressivesymptoms only.We translated and validated an existing intuitive eating questionnaire into French, and thistranslated version demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties.Higher scores on the dimensions “eating for physical rather than emotional reasons” and“reliance on hunger and satiety cues” were associated with healthier food choices whilehigher scores on the dimension “unconditional permission to eat” were associated with a lesshealthy diet. However, overall intuitive eating and its three dimensions were all inverselyassociated with weight status.Dispositional mindfulness was inversely associated with overweight and obesity in womenand with obesity in men. In addition, overall, all dimensions of mindfulness (“observing”,“describing”, “acting with awareness”, “non-judging” and “non-reactivity”) were inverselyassociated with weight status in women, while only the “observing” and “non-reactivity”dimensions were inversely associated with weight status in men. In line with this, mind-bodypractices, which can help to develop mindfulness, were also inversely associated with weightstatus.These results illustrate the importance of psychological determinants of dietary behavior andweight status. In particular, our results underline the value of considering positive behaviors,and not only behaviors at risk, for both primary and secondary prevention of obesity
Cosic, Alija. "Analysis of a novel Transversal Flux Machine with a tubular cross-section for Free Piston Energy Converter application." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Elektriska maskiner och effektelektronik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-25834.
Full textDet ständigt växande behovet av oljan runt om i världen, har fått oljepriset att stiga snabbt under det senaste decenniet. Detta har gjort bränsleekonomin till en av de viktigaste faktorer när konsumenterna väljer sina bilar i dag. Många biltillverkare har därför utvecklat eller söker efter alternativa lösningar till dagens förbränningsmotorer i hopp om att minska bränsleförbrukningen. Ett hybridfordon, ett fordon som är försedd med fler än en energiomvandlare, kan ses som ett första steg mot en bättre och mer hållbar utveckling. Det finns flera olika lösningar för hybridfordon i dag, bland de mest kända är Seriehybrid, Parallellhybrid och Serie-Parallelhybridfordon. Genom att integrera en förbränningsmotor med en linjär elektriskmaskin, erhålls ett system som kallas Frikolvsenergiomvandlare. Dennna typ av energiomvandlare lämpar sig bäst för användning i en seriehybridfordon, men andra användningsområden som fristående generator är också möjliga. I denna avhandling har en ny typ av Transversalflödesmaskin (TFM) med en cirkulärt tvärsnitt undersökts. Tillämpningen av maskinen i en Frikolvsenergiomvandlare har medfört tuffa krav på translatorvikten, specifikeffekten och kraftdensiteten. Olika lindnings- och magnetkonfiguratationer har undersökts. Forskningen har visat att designen med begravdamagneter lider av stort läckflöde och är därför inte lämplig för det nya TFM koncept. Istället har designen med ytmonterade magneter valts för vidare undersökning. En analytisk modell har utvecklats och en prototyp maskin har byggts med utgångspunkt i analysresultaten. För att få en bättre förståelse avmaskinkarakteristiken har en 3D-FEM modell tagits fram och analyserats. Resultaten från den analytiska modellen, FEM modellen och mätningar har analyserats och jämförts. Överensstämmelsen mellan de simulerade och de uppmätta resultaten är mycket bra. Dessutom, resultaten från den analytiska modellen visar på att modellen kan framgångsrikt användas för fortsatt analys och optimering av maskinen för att ge en kostnadseffektivlösning för masstillverkning.
QC 20101102
DUCRET, JEAN-ERIC. "Separation des fonctions de structure longitudinale, transverse et d'interference longitudinale-transverse dans la section efficace des reactions #2h(e,ep) et #4he(e,ep)#3h." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112351.
Full textAlonso, Bruna Dias. "Fatores associados à cesariana segundo fonte de financiamento na Região Sudeste: estudo transversal a partir dos dados de pesquisa \'Nascer no Brasil\' Inquérito Nacional sobre Parto e Nascimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-07042015-113624/.
Full textIntroduction: Caesarean section without clinical reason is associated with women and their children adverse outcomes at short and long term. Variation of caesarean section rates among services and countries can not be explained only by women´s characteristics. Payment source has strong influence on the decision of mode of birth. Objective: To describe and compare socioeconomic, demographic, clinical and obstetric factors associated with caesarean section among women in public health system (SUS) and private health care sector (SSS). Methods: Cross-sectional study with Southeast´ data of \"Born in Brazil\" national survey. The sample included women who had live births or stillbirths (weighing 500 g and/or gestational age 22 weeks) and normal or caesarean deliveries, in hospitals with 500 births in 2007. The association between caesarean section and other variables was verified by univariate and multiple binary logistic regression, on which crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) of 95 per cent were calculated. Results: The sample comprised 9,828 women. The caesarean section rate was 52.9 per cent , with higher proportion in SSS (84.0 per cent ). Being an adolescent (SUS: OR=0.68, CI 95 per cent 0.57-0.81/SSS: OR=0.48, CI 95 per cent 0.27-0.84) and having a hospital in a capital city as a place of birth (SUS: OR=0.39, CI 95 per cent 0.34-0.45/SSS: OR=0.48, CI 95 per cent 0.36-0.65) were associated to lower chances of caesarean section in both funding sources. Paid employment (SUS: OR=1.32, CI 95 per cent 1.16-1.51/SSS: OR=2.94, CI 95 per cent 2.14-4.03), a previous caesarean section (SUS: OR=22.06 CI 95 per cent 18.33-26.56/SSS: OR=64.48 CI 95 per cent 32.78-126.84), to be primiparous (SUS: OR=4.86, CI 95 per cent 4.16-5.69/SSS: OR=8.37, CI 95 per cent 5.96-11.75) and complications during pregnancy (SUS:OR=9,27; IC 95 per cent 8,17-10,53/SSS:OR=3,09; IC 95 per cent 2,22-4,31) represented increased chances for caesarean section among women in SUS and SSS. The following variables were independently associated with caesarean section, only in SUS: 35 years old or more (OR=1.36, CI 95 per cent 1.09-1.69); higher education or more (OR=2.53, CI 95 per cent 1.78-3.59); no partner (OR=0.78, CI 95 per cent 0.68-0.90); belonging to A, B or C economic classes (respectively: OR=1.72, CI 95 per cent 1.39-2.12/OR=1.29, CI 95 per cent 1.09-1.53) and complications during labor (OR=3.18, CI 95 per cent 2.62- 3.85). Conclusions: The high proportion of caesarean sections in the SSS demonstrated that this funding source was crucial on caesarean section indications and overcame socioeconomic, demographic, clinical and obstetrical factors. Indicators of better socioeconomic condition were associated to caesarean section in SUS.
Muniz, Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes. "Associação entre obesidade e fatores sociodemográficos, médico-odontológicos e comportamentais em adultos : um estudo transversal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/128948.
Full textObesity is the excessive or abnormal accumulation of fat in relation to lean body mass that may be modified by environmental, genetic and behavioral factors. It is well established the relationship between diabetes, smoking and, more recently, obesity and periodontitis. However, studies regarding the association between obesity and gingivitis are quite scarce, especially in adults. This study aimed to verify the association between obesity and different sociodemographic, medical, dental and behavioral factors in a sample of adults in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. This is as an epidemiological cross-sectional study that evaluated 614 subjects with at least 18 years old. Only subjects with the minimum of four teeth and those who did not use fixed orthodontic appliances were included. Participants were identified through a multi-stage probability sampling, considering the distribution according to gender and age. Ten census tracts were visited. A structured interview was conducted by trained researchers to collect information about gender, age, behavioral habits and systemic impaired conditions. A trained and calibrated examiner performed the Plaque Visible Index, Löe-Sillness Gingival Index modified by Löe and calculus. Additionally, weight, height and body fat percentage, obtained through a portable electrical microcurrent, were collected. Multivariate Poisson regression was used to evaluate the association between obesity and the sociodemographic, medical, dental and behavioral factors. Obesity, defined as body mass index ≥30kg/m2, were found in 33.89% of the examined subjects. It was showed that females, self-reported hypertension, no smoking, higher visible plaque percentage, and bigger number of teeth were significantly associated with obesity compared to non-obese subjects. It was concluded that the occurrence of obesity was high and that females, never/former smokers and larger plaque percentages were associated with obesity. However, no statistically significant association was established between gingivitis and obesity.
Silva, Inês Cristina Direito Baptista da. "Construção de competências transversais no sector das telecomunicações : percepções e estilos de aprendizagem." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/12638.
Full textTem sido frequentemente referido na literatura que os diplomados do ensino superior estão mal preparados para as exigências do mercado de trabalho. Face à situação económica actual, mais do que conhecimentos académicos, os estudantes necessitam desenvolver competências que promovam a sua empregabilidade e aprendizagem ao longo da vida. Isto é particularmente relevante no sector das Telecomunicações, face às constantes mutações tecnológicas e organizacionais. Estas competências são usualmente designadas por competências transversais, englobam o conjunto de competências que são comuns às diferentes actividades profissionais. Trata-se de competências imprescindíveis à empregabilidade, uma vez que permitem aos indivíduos agir numa multiplicidade de tarefas e funções. O presente trabalho propõe uma caracterização da construção das competências transversais no sector das Telecomunicações, tendo por base as percepções dos estudantes de engenharia, mas também as percepções das empresas do sector. No sentido de apoiar a fundamentação de estratégias práticas promotoras do desenvolvimento das competências transversais, o presente trabalho analisou os estilos de aprendizagem dos alunos de engenharia, tendo sido realizado um estudo para a adaptação do Index of Learning Styles (Felder & Soloman, n.d.) para a população portuguesa. No presente trabalho, 337 estudantes avaliaram o seu domínio num conjunto de competências transversais, bem como a sua importância para um futuro profissional. Desta avaliação foram identificados gaps de competências transversais que traduzem necessidades de desenvolvimento e formação. Foram também analisadas as relações entre as competências transversais e os estilos de aprendizagem dos estudantes, e as relações entre as competências transversais e um conjunto de variáveis psicológicas relacionadas com o desempenho competente: auto-eficácia, auto-regulação e optimismo. Representantes de empresas do sector das Telecomunicações avaliaram a importância das mesmas competências transversais para as práticas de negócio. A interpretação dos resultados, bem como as possíveis implicações destes no desenvolvimento de estratégias promotoras da construção das competências transversais, são discutidos à luz da literatura relevante.
It has often been reported in the literature that higher education graduates are not adequately prepared for the demands of the labour market. Given the current economic situation, students need to develop skills that promote their employability and lifelong learning, even more so than academic knowledge. This is particularly relevant to the Telecommunications’ sector, in the face of constant technological and organizational changes. These skills are usually called transversal skills, encompassing a set of competencies that are common to different professional activities and are essential to employability skills, since they enable individuals to act in a multitude of tasks and functions. The present work proposes to characterize the construction of transversal skills in the Telecommunications sector, based on the representations of the engineering students, but also the perceptions of the representatives of the industry. In order to support practical strategies in promoting the development of transversal skills, the present work preliminary adapted to the Portuguese population the Index of Learning Styles (Felder & Soloman, n. d.) and consequently used it to examined the learning styles of engineering students,. In the present work, 337 students evaluated their domain on a set of transversal skills, as well as its importance to a future profession. From this assessment gaps of transversal skills were identified that suggested training and development needs. It was also analyzed the relationship between transversal skills and students’ learning styles, and the relationship between transversal skills and a set of psychological variables related to competent performance: self-efficacy, self-regulation and optimism. Representatives of companies of the Telecommunications sector rated the importance of the same transversal skills transverse to their business practices. The interpretation of the results and the possible implications of the development of strategies promoting the construction of transversal skills are discussed in the light of relevant literature.
Humberto, Janaína Silva Martins. "Prevalência de excesso de peso na população adulta, residente no município de Ribeirão Preto, SP, 2006. Projeto OBEDIARP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-19012012-110956/.
Full textThe increased prevalence of overweight and obesity has revealed to be a global public health problem. The development of obesity involves multiple factors, such as physical activity pattern, eating pattern, social and environmental variables, biological and genetic factors This study, part of the OBEDIARP Research Project, aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the adult population living in Ribeirão Preto, a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil in 2006 and to estimate it according to socio-demographic variables, physical activity pattern, eating pattern and self-referred health. The research, with a cross-sectional design, was developed between March 2006 and June 2009. The sampling process was developed in three stages, with the census sector serving as the primary sampling unit. A weighted sample of 2197 participants was used. The study variables were: nutritional state, gender, age, education level, physical activity pattern, sitting time, food consumption frequency scores and self-perception of health state. Data were collected through structured interviews, held at the eligible participants\' homes by a previously trained team of interviewers. The response rate was 78%. Means and proportions were estimated by points and intervals, at a 95% confidence level. \"F\" statistics were used to assess global associations, adopting a 5% significance level. To assess the relations between Body Mass Index and food pattern-related variables, metabolic rate in physical activity and sitting time, a linear regression model was used, adopting a 5% significance level. All analyses were developed in STATA for Windows software, version 8.2. The effect of design was taken into account in all estimates. Of all study participants, 69.96% were women and 30.04% men, with a mean age of 48.52 years. The prevalence rate of overweight was 64.65%, with 39.23% classified as pre-obese and 25.42% as obese. Individuals classified as insufficiently active corresponded to 66.29% of the sample. The variables gender, age range, education level, self-referred health state and health state compared to friends were associated with the nutritional state. It could be identified that consumption of high-energy foods and mean daily sitting time were positively associated with the body mass index, although in some socio-demographic layers only. It is concluded that the high prevalence of overweight and physical inactivity in the adult population of Ribeirão Preto point towards the need for specific health promotion and prevention measures.
Oliveira, Diôgo Silva de. "Reforço de pilares de concreto armado de seção transversal retangular mobilizando efeitos de confinamento." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2017. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/19523.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Os Polímeros Reforçados com Fibras (PRF) são materiais compósitos constituídos por fibras unidas por uma matriz polimérica. São leves, não corrosivos, possuem alta resistência à tração e são de simples execução. O PRF em forma de tecido é utilizado para envolver o pilar de concreto armado promovendo a restrição das deformações laterais pelo efeito de membrana. Nos pilares com seção transversal circular, esse efeito de membrana é desenvolvido ao longo de todo o seu perímetro. Já para seções quadradas ou retangulares, esse efeito de membrana se desenvolve apenas nos cantos arredondados, reduzindo, assim, a eficiência do confinamento. Por conta dessa limitação, esta pesquisa propõe a utilização de um mecanismo auxiliar constituído por tirantes transversais de aço ancorados por perfis longitudinais, que juntamente com o PRF vão promover o confinamento nos maiores lados de seções de pilares retangulares. Foram realizados ensaios experimentais de dez pilares de concreto, cujos resultados confirmaram o maior incremento de força e ductilidade nos pilares devido à presença dos tirantes, verificando também que os perfis longitudinais contribuem diretamente com a força axial no pilar. Por meio da análise numérica em elementos finitos foi possível observar o acréscimo de regiões de concreto efetivamente confinado devido à presença dos tirantes. Com a análise paramétrica realizada foram identificados os parâmetros e como eles influenciam no comportamento dos pilares reforçados com a técnica: a relação entre os lados da seção transversal, a taxa de PRF; a taxa de tirantes de aço e a rigidez do perfil de ancoragem. Por fim, foi desenvolvido um modelo analítico que possibilita calcular a parcela de força resistida pelo concreto confinado e pelos perfis de ancoragem de modo independente, indicando boas correlações com os resultados experimentais e numéricos.
Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) are composite materials consisting of fibers bonded by a polymer matrix. They are lightweight, non-corrosive, have high tensile strength and simple to apply. The FRP jacket is used to wrap the concrete column and restrict the lateral expansion by the membrane effect. In columns with circular cross section, the membrane effect is developed along its entire perimeter. However, in square or rectangular sections this effect is only developed at the rounded corners, resulting in a decrease of the confinement efficiency. Due this limitation, this research proposes the use of an auxiliary mechanism made up of transverse steel ties anchored by longitudinal bars, which together with the FRP, promote confinement on the biggest sides of rectangular sections of columns. Experimental tests were carried out on ten concrete columns, whose results confirmed the greatest force increase and ductility due to the presence of the steel ties and that the anchor bars contribute directly with the axial force. Through the numerical analysis in finite elements methods it was possible to observe the effective confined concrete regions due to the presence of the ties. With the parametric analysis performed some parameters were identified and how they influence in behavior of columns reinforced with this technique: the relationship between the sides of the cross section; the PRF rate; the steel ties rate and the stiffness of the anchor bar. Finally, an analytical model was developed allowing calculate the force resisted by the confined concrete and the anchor bars forces independently, indicating good correlations with the experimental and numerical results.
O arquivo contém 11 páginas em branco, mas que não interfere no conteúdo da tese.
Manresa, Robledo Antonio. "Aprendizaje transversal de valores profesionales, éticos y de compromiso social en los nuevos grados de Ingeniería Informática." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457761.
Full textThis paper proposes to establish a model of cross-sectional education in professional, ethical and social commitment values in the Degree of Computer Engineering, as well as trying to verify and ease transparency in the curricular syllabus. This thesis aims at showing that education of values for university students of Informatics in Catalonia is not well-defined. Having this aim in mind, the current situation of values in education in thirteen degree courses in Computer Engineering corresponding to Catalan universities has been analysed. Four other degrees from other areas in Spain, nine in Europe and one more degree from North America have also been studied. It has been made clear that in four of the thirteen degrees analysed in Catalonia, there are no subjects whatsoever which explicitly deal with values or social commitment. In one of the other degrees, such a subject of study is optional. This wouldn’t pose a problem as long as those values were developed in a cross-sectional manner in the other subjects. However, according to academic guides and the syllabus of the various subjects, such development of values is totally unclear. It is with the exception of quality and safety values, which do show. A set of chosen values to be introduced in the degrees in Computer Engineering will be suggested in this paper. Definitions of such values adapted to the field of Computer Engineering will be presented. These values and their definition have been chosen based on how frequently they are named in: the bylaws of Catalan universities, the competences appearing in the bibliography, the legal frame currently affecting Catalonia, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, some international ethical codes, national, and, especially, those from the professional associations of informatics in Catalonia. Their choice is also backed up by a study carried out by Delphi along with fourteen experts in the field. The paper suggests and accounts for a set of cross-sectional ethical skills for degrees in Computer Engineering along with their report and written justification. The previous values are distributed according to such skills. Different methods have been obtained for the development and evaluation of values susceptible of being applied in the degrees of Computer Engineering. Four proposals are formulated for their distribution along the different parts of the degree. This provides tools that can be highly useful to professors of the degree who would like to further develop cross-sectional competences of ethical, professional and social commitment values in their subjects. Firstly, different methods of development and evaluation, including specific examples in the field of computer engineering have been added to the competencies worked on in the previous step. Secondly, for each preselected value a file has been made to provide professors with a useful and manageable teaching tool. Each file must contain the definition, explanation, references and a set of ideas or methodological proposal to carry out their learning and evaluation. Thirdly, not the same values can be developed in a subject of mathematics as those which can be developed in subject of networking or ethics. Each subject or group of subjects will have methods of development and evaluation of values more adequate than others. Thus, some methods of value development and evaluation have been proposed for each group of subjects. Fourthly, a series of recommendations will be presented in order to foster values among those in responsible positions (management teams, heads of departments, etc.) since they are in charge of leading the degrees in Computer Engineering. Therefore, it has also been reflected upon the pedagogical effect of developing these values that some internal laws in the universities could have
Pereira, Ana Rita Gomes. "Comportamento ao fogo de vigas-coluna metálicas de secção transversal esbelta." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16942.
Full textA presente dissertação tem como propósito aumentar o conhecimento do comportamento ao fogo de vigas-coluna metálicas de secção transversal esbelta, isto é, suscetíveis à ocorrência de fenómenos de instabilidade, tais como a encurvadura local, lateral e por flexão. Sabe-se que os elementos metálicos com secção transversal esbelta possuem vantagens em termos de eficiência e economia de material. Esta atratividade faz com que sejam amplamente utilizados na construção. Contudo, a verificação da resistência ao fogo destes elementos carece de fórmulas simplificadas que se adequem a esta solução. O principal objetivo desta dissertação direciona-se na elaboração de um estudo numérico do comportamento ao fogo de vigas-coluna em aço com secção transversal esbelta. Seguidamente, efetuar-se-á uma comparação entre os resultados obtidos numericamente através do método de elementos finitos e as metodologias presentes no Eurocódigo 3, no que se refere especificamente às fórmulas a frio, contidas nas Parte 1-1 e às fórmulas para situação de incêndio na Parte 1-2. No que diz respeito ao estudo numérico, este foi efetuado com elementos finitos de casca recorrendo ao programa SAFIR. É demonstrado que a metodologia presente no Eurocódigo 3 para a verificação da resistência em situação de incêndio pode ser melhorada. Sendo assim, são propostas alterações a nível do cálculo dos fatores de interação. Finalmente, concluiu-se que as fórmulas de interação do Eurocódigo 3 conduzem a resultados fora da segurança ou muito conservativos e que necessitam de ser melhoradas para que seja possível calcular estruturas mais seguras e económicas.
The present thesis aims to increase the knowledge of the fire behaviour of steel beam-columns with slender cross-section, that is, susceptible to the occurrence of instability phenomena, such as local, lateral-torsional and bending buckling. It is known that steel members with slender cross-section have advantages in terms of efficiency and economic material. This attraction makes them widely used in construction. However, the verification of the fire resistance of these members need simplified formulas that are appropriate to this solution. The main objective of this thesis consist in the elaboration of a numerical study of the fire behaviour of steel beam-columns with slender cross-section. Posteriorly, shall be make a comparison between the results obtained numerically with the finite element method and the methodologies in Eurocode 3, which specifically refers to cold formulas, contained in Part 1-1, and fire situation formulas, contained in Part 1-2. Regarding the numerical study, this was made with finite shell elements using the program SAFIR. It is shown that the present methodology in Eurocode 3 for the verification of the resistance in fire situation can be improved. Therefore, some changes are proposed in the calculation of the interaction factors. Finally, it was concluded that the interaction formulas of Eurocode 3 lead to results that may be outside the safety or be very conservative and need to be improved so that becomes possible to calculate safer and more economical structures.
Khoder, Natalia. "Enrichissement des poutres multifibres pour le calcul des contraintes transversales et la prise en compte du confinement dans les sections en béton armé." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI096/document.
Full textIn order to determine the seismic vulnerability of reinforced concrete structures, effective and sufficiently accurate numerical methods are required. Two-dimensional or three-dimensional finite element methods, widely used, provide reliable results. However, these types of methods involve a large number of degrees of freedom and robust 3D behavioral laws for concrete and steel to accurately capture the non-linearities in slender reinforced concrete elements. Another more practical method, in the field of structural engineering, is the use of multifiber beam elements.By using multifiber beam elements, the structure can be discretized with linear elements that carry a section discretized in the transversal direction based on the kinematic assumption of Euler Bernoulli or Timoshenko. The discretization of the section makes it possible to simply use nonlinear behavior laws and to model composite sections such as reinforced concrete. Nevertheless, there are limitations to this kind of model. Therefore, several researches have been conducted in the past few years to enhance the kinematics of the beam elements in order to correctly reproduce the shearing effects, especially in the case of short beams where the latter effect is not negligible. Several approaches have been developed in this field, as the one proposed by [VEC 88] adequate for two-dimensional case studies but doesn’t reproduce the torsional effect, the approach presented by [LEC 12], but whose model can not be applied to reinforced concrete elements, and the formulation proposed by [MOH 10] which is suitable for reinforced concrete applications but works only in 2D. More recently ([CAP 16b]; [CAP 16a]) have developed an enhanced multifiber beam model adapted to reinforced concrete elements and takes into account the warping of the section. The combination of this beam element with a concrete behavior model such as the µ model [MAZ 13], provides robust results with interesting computational speed. However, as shown by some experimental tests [CUS 95], the amount of transverse reinforcement triggers significantly the behavior of the beam elements, especially under cyclic loading . In the previous works, these reinforcements are neglected or considered in an approximative manner.Based on the work of [LEC 12] and [CAP 16a], this thesis aims to model the effect of transversal reinforcement. The approach proposed herein is to enhance the multifiber beam elements in order to take into account the distortion of the section. For this purpose, additional transverse displacements are introduced. The application of the principle of virtual powers on the field of associated virtual velocity leads to project the equilibrium equations of the element and thus to obtain the classical equilibrium equation of the element as well as the equilibrium of the section. The latter one allows to take into account the effect of the transverse reinforcements and to correctly calculate the lateral stresses applied to each concrete fiber. Moreover, in order to be able to reproduce the confinement effect due to the presence of stirrups, a dilatant constitutive law has to be attributed to the concrete fibers at the section level. In this context, the Mu model has been chosen even though it’s not a dilatant model. For this reason, a method of introducing dilatancy at the level of the Poisson’s coefficient is presented in this work. The 2D and 3D enhanced multifiber displacement beam models are formulated based on the Caillerie beam element [CAI 15] with higher order interpolation functions. The performance of these two approaches is also demonstrated by comparing the numerical model response to different experimental results of the literature
Schütz, Jasper da Silva. "Doença periodontal como possível preditor da condição renal em pacientes pré-dialíticos : um estudo transversal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/151432.
Full textAims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of periodontal disease on renal function in pre-dialytic patients in stages 3, 4 and 5 of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and Methods: Demographic, socioeconomic and medical history data of 139 patients from the Nephrology Service at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) were obtained through interview and clinical records. Complete periodontal clinical examinations were performed by trained and calibrated examiners. Associations between the periodontal condition and different stages of CKD, as well as with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were evaluated. Results: Severe periodontitis increased by 2.8 and 3.4 times the chance of being in stages 4 and 5 of CKD when compared to the reference (stage 3), respectively (p <0.05). In addition, having two or more teeth with clinical attachment loss ≥6mm increased by 3.9 times the probability of being in stage 5 of the CKD (p <0.05). Regarding GFR, severe periodontitis and having two or more teeth with clinical attachment loss ≥6mm were significantly associated with a lower glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: Periodontal disease increases the chance of worse renal outcomes in patients with pre-dialytic CKD, even when adjusted for major confounders.
Dabovich, Kliwadenko Thomas. "Riesgo sistémico en el sector financiero, análisis mediante regresiones de series de tiempo y de corte transversal." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/133495.
Full textEl presente trabajo de título analiza el uso de factores de riesgo sistémico como herramientas tanto para inversionistas como reguladores. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es determinar si es posible extraer información de tres factores de riesgo sistémico aplicados sobre índices económicos y activos financieros. De esta forma, se pretende determinar cómo y para quien pueden ser útiles los factores de riesgo sistémico seleccionados. Para alcanzar el objetivo mencionado, se construyeron dos factores de riesgo sistémicos y se utilizó la medida CATFIN de Allen et al. (2012) como el tercer factor. El primer factor se construyó en base a la medida de riesgo sistémico SRISK y fue nombrado ASRF. El segundo factor utilizó a la medida de riesgo VaR, en su forma paramétrica GARCH, como base y fue nombrada PVaR. La aplicación de los factores de riesgo sistémico sobre índices económicos se realizó mediante regresiones de series de tiempo. Se utilizaron dos índices económicos y cuatro especificaciones de regresión distintas, además de un análisis out of sample para determinar si los factores económicos entregaban información. En cambio, para aplicar a los factores de riesgo sobre activos financieros se utilizaron regresiones de corte transversal siguiendo la metodología Fama-MacBeth. Se utilizaron dos sets de activos financieros y seis especificaciones de regresión para determinar si se podía extraer información de los factores. Los resultados obtenidos para las regresiones de series de tiempo muestran de que sí es posible extraer información de los factores y es más, los factores pueden predecir el comportamiento de los índices. El factor que obtiene resultados más interesantes es PVaR ya que siempre logra entregar información sobre los índices utilizados. Las regresiones de corte transversal mostraron que los factores de riesgo entregan información sobre los activos, pero esta información no es muy clara. Se obtuvo una relación positiva entre los factores de riesgo y el exceso de retorno de los activos financieros, sin embargo esta relación no es sencilla de entender o aplicar. Finalmente, se determina que sí es posible extraer información de los factores de riesgo sistémico aplicados sobre índices económicos y activos financieros. La información extraída de las regresiones de corte transversal no es de mucha ayuda ya que no es posible aplicar estos factores para obtener mayores retornos. En cambio los resultados entregados por las series de tiempo sí logran ser de gran utilidad, ya que PVaR se puede convertir en una herramienta útil para reguladores con su gran poder de predicción del índice de actividad económica CFNAI.
Faleiros, Junior José Herbet. "Procedimentos de cálculo, verificação e detalhamento de armaduras longitudinais na seção transversal em elementos protendidos." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4654.
Full textThe following paper presents methods of calculation, verification and detailing of prestressed longitudinal reinforcement in cross sections of elements subjected to bending conceptualizing prestressing systems and its constituent elements, as well as the development of practical examples, calculated and detailed in a didactic manner, seeking an easy understanding and learning. The present study chooses to calculate the longitudinal reinforcement at the ultimate limit state and check it out at the serviceability limit state, always following the current standards. To organize the concepts and cohesion of the information, it is necessary to discuss theoretical and conceptual foundation by assembling several authors who derive about the subject matter. In order to ensure the adoption of normative recommendations (NBR6118:2007 e NBR9062:2005), issues such as durability, cover, classes of environmental aggressiveness, combinations of calculating and limiting values of prestress are discussed. As an example, it is presented a calculation discussion from a structure tailored to different classes of environmental aggressiveness, maintaining its main features, such as: the vain, the cross section and loads. With this work we realize that the calculations are needed, since there is not a situation which determines the scaling of the longitudinal reinforcement. Lastly, we present suggestions for future papers. In order to maintain the geometric features needed to the placement of the active armor on the top edge and on the replacement of the active armor by the passive one at any percentage can only be accomplished in partial prestress. The concurrent examinations may prevent the use of certain sections, for example, when examinations on empty are exclusive, or when the moment value relative to the weight itself is small in relation to the total moment.
O presente trabalho apresenta métodos de cálculo, verificação e detalhamento de armaduras longitudinais protendidas nas seções transversais de elementos submetidos à flexão conceituando os sistemas de protensão e seus elementos constituintes, bem como, o desenvolvimento de exemplos práticos, calculados e detalhados de maneira didática, visando um fácil entendimento e aprendizado. Neste trabalho opta-se por calcular a armadura longitudinal no estado limite último e verificá-la no estado limite de serviço, seguindo sempre as normas vigentes. Para a organização dos conceitos e coesão das informações, faz-se necessária a discussão teórica e o embasamento dos conceitos através da reunião de diversos autores que discorrem sobre o assunto abordado. Pretendendo garantir a adoção das recomendações normativas (NBR6118:2007 e NBR9062:2005), são discutidas questões como durabilidade, cobrimentos, classes de agressividade ambiental, combinações de cálculo e valores limites de protensão. Na forma de exemplo, é apresentada uma discussão de cálculo a partir de uma estrutura dimensionada para variadas classes de agressividade ambiental, mantendo suas características principais, como: o vão, a seção transversal e os carregamentos. Com o trabalho percebe-se que são necessários os cálculos, pois não há uma situação determinante para o dimensionamento da armadura longitudinal. Para que se mantenham as características geométricas é necessária a colocação de armadura ativa na borda superior e na substituição da armadura ativa pela passiva em qualquer porcentagem só pode ser realizada na protensão parcial. As verificações simultâneas podem inviabilizar o uso de certas seções, por exemplo, quando as verificações em vazio são excludentes, ou quando, o valor do momento relativo ao peso próprio é pequeno em relação ao momento total. Por fim são apresentadas sugestões para trabalhos futuros.
Gemma, Marina. "Fatores associados à integridade perineal e à episiotomia no parto normal: estudo transversal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-25052016-125737/.
Full textIntroduction: To investigate factors associated with perineal condition in vaginal delivery can result in modifications in the perineal care, in order to decrease the frequency of episiotomy and perineal lacerations in the vaginal delivery. Objectives: To identify factors associated with an episiotomy; to identify factors associated with perineal integrity in vaginal delivery; to describe the reasons for performing an episiotomy by nurse-midwives; and to identify the perineal protection maneuvers performed by nurse-midwives in a Birth Centre. Methods: Cross-sectional study with prospective data collection carried out through the application of a form to nurse-midwives in an In-hospital Birth Centre located in São Paulo city, Brazil, which included all women who gave birth in this service from February 2014 to January 2015. In the statistical analysis, the associations between the outcome variables (episiotomy and perineal integrity) and the sociodemographic, obstetric and care-related variables were estimated by Odds Ratios (OR), calculated in univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression models with a 95 per cent confidence intervals (95 per cent CI), in the SPSS software, version 20. Separated analyses were performed for each one of the outcome variables. The reasons for performing an episiotomy and the use of perineal protection maneuvers were described as frequencies and percentages. The study was approved in the Research Ethics Committees of the proposing and the co-participant institutions. Results: Data of 802 women were analysed (frequency of episiotomy of 23.8 per cent , 191 women; perineal integrity of 25.9 per cent , 208 women; perineal laceration of 50.3 per cent , 403 women). Factors identified as independently associated with an episiotomy were: no previous vaginal delivery (OR 26.72; 95 per cent CI 15.42-46.30), oxytocin use during labour (OR 1.69; 95 per cent CI 1.12-2.57), coached pushing (OR 2.05; 95 per cent CI 1.23-3.43), complications during labour (OR 2.61; 95 per cent CI 1.43-4.77) and semi-sitting position at delivery (OR 5.45; 95 per cent CI 1.06-28.01). The use of a perineal protective maneuver (OR 0.11; 95 per cent CI 0.04-0.26) or two maneuvers or more (OR 0.09; 95 per cent CI 0.04-0.22) was a protective factor against an episiotomy. Regarding the perineal integrity, the factors independently associated to this condition were: a previous vaginal delivery (OR 3.88; 95 per cent CI 2.41-6.23) and self-reported non-white skin color (OR 1.43; 95 per cent CI 1.01-2.04). Most of the indications for an episiotomy included reasons related to perineal conditions and dimensions. The perineal protection maneuvers were used in nearly 95 per cent of vaginal deliveries, but did not affect the perineal integrity rates. Conclusions: Most of the variables associated with an episiotomy were related to factors that can be controlled by the professional who provides labour and birth care. These variables did not influence the perineal integrity rates. To inform childbirth care professionals and women who are users of these services about the factors associated with the perineal condition at the childbirth can contribute for reducing the frequency of episiotomy and to preserve the perineal integrity in the vaginal delivery.
Bernardes, João Marcos. "Movimentação manual de pacientes e o profissional de saúde um estudo transversal /." Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153400.
Full textResumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a associação entre movimentação manual de pacientes e (1) a prevalência de distúrbios osteomusculares na região lombar e (2) a capacidade para o trabalho em profissionais da saúde, além de, (3) avaliar o grau de conhecimento desses profissionais sobre a movimentação manual de pacientes. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, cuja amostra foi composta por 320 profissionais de saúde que atuavam profissionalmente no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. Os resultados desta pesquisa foram três artigos científicos, apresentados neste manuscrito. O primeiro teve por objetivo investigar a prevalência de dor lombar e a associação desta com a movimentação manual de pacientes. A prevalência de período (três meses) de dor lombar foi de 57,8% (IC 95% 52,3%- 63,2%). A presença de dor lombar esteve significativamente associada com a movimentação manual de pacientes; de acordo com o modelo múltiplo de Poisson com variância robusta, a prevalência de dor lombar foi 44,4% maior (RP 1,444, IC 95% 1,169-1,783) entre os indivíduos que realizavam este tipo de atividade. O objetivo do segundo artigo foi avaliar a capacidade para o trabalho dos participantes e sua associação com a movimentação manual de pacientes. A pontuação média do Índice de Capacidade para o trabalho foi de 38,03 pontos (DP 6,15, IC 95% 37,33-38,72). A capacidade de trabalho inadequada (pontuação inferior a 37 pontos no Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho) esteve signif... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The purpose of this research was to investigate the association between manual patient handling and (1) low back pain prevalence and (2) work ability among healthcare workers, and, also, (3) to examine their knowledge level of safe patient handling. This is a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 320 healthcare workers who worked at the University Hospital of Botucatu Medical School. The results of this research were three scientific papers, presented in this manuscript. The first one investigated low back pain prevalence and its association with manual patient handling. The 3-month period prevalence of low back pain was 57.8% (95% CI 52.3%- 63.2%). Low back pain was significantly associated with manual patient handling; according to the multiple Poisson regression model with robust variance low back pain prevalence was 44.4% higher (PR 1.444, 95% CI 1.169-1.783) among individuals who performed this activity. The second one evaluated the level of work ability and its association with manual patient handling. The Work Ability Index mean score was 38.03 points (SD 6.15, 95% CI 37.33-38.72). An inadequate level of work ability (Work Ability Index score lower than 37 points) was significantly associated with manual patient handling; according to the multiple Poisson regression model with robust variance inadequate level of work ability was 37.5% higher (PR 1.375, 95% CI 1.038-1.821) among individuals who performed this activity. Finally, the third one examined the knowle... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Nath, Pathikonda Chandrika. "Measurement of inclusive jet cross sections in high total transverse energy photoproduction with the ZEUS detector at HERA." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302128.
Full textDomingues, Aline Bensi. "Contribuição ao projeto estrutural de galerias de concreto pré-moldado com seções transversais não usuais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-25042017-104837/.
Full textBox culverts are often used in current drainage in the infrastructure of highways and railways. In order to provide more production\'s alternatives of precast concrete culvert, the research presents the comparative cost analysis for unusual cross sections, directed to large depths of installation. The first proposed cross section called modified culvert is composed of a rectangular base with an arc roof. The second is defined by three arcs with a flat base. These cross sections have geometric shapes favorable to the distribution of bending moment and shear forces. It maintains the benefit of adequate compaction of the backfill at the side of the culvert, as well as in conventional box culvert, which ensures ground confinement and pressure redistribution due to the mobilization of the arching effect. In order to consider the soil-structure interaction, finite element analyzes were performed using GeoStudio® software, which is a computational package specific for geotechnical analysis. The results showed that the geometries have influence on the behavior of the soil-culvert interaction, and that the reduction of the thickness of the culvert walls mobilizes the soil resistant capacity, reducing the stresses in the structure. Regarding the structural design, considering the comparison of costs, it was evidenced a reduction of steel reinforcements for the modified culvert, which is related to the arrow of the arc of the cover. The materials saving verified in the total cost of the studied sections ranged from 4% to 29% compared to the box culvert. For the culvert defined by three arches, it was evidenced that the more elongated its geometry, better the behavior for the great depths of installation. The highest materials saving was verified in the total cost of the most elliptical culvert (DTA I-b), which reached a value of 50%. Compared to the box culvert, the others geometries studied had savings between 17-42%.
AGRAM, Jean-Laurent. "Mesure de la section efficace inclusive de production des jets en fonction de leur impulsion transverse dans l'expérience DØ au Fermilab." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009700.
Full textAgram, Jean-Laurent. "Mesure de la section efficace inclusive de production des jets en fonction de leur impulsion transverse dans l'expérience D0 au Fermilab." Mulhouse, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MULH0777.
Full textThis work describes the measurement of inclusive jets cross section in the DO experiment. This cross section is computed as a function of jet transverse momentum, in severai rapidity intervais. This quantity is sensitive to the proton structure and is crucial for the determination of parton distribution fonctions (PDF), essentially for the gluon at high proton momentum fraction. The measurement presented here gives the first values obtained for Tevatron Run Il for the cross section in several rapidity intervais, for an integrated luminosité of 143 pb-'. The results are in agreement, within the uncertainties, with theoretical Standard Model prédictions, showing no evidence for new physics. This work points out the aspects of the detector wich need better understanding to reach Run 1 precision and to constrain the PDFS
Martinez, Homero. "Measurement of the Z boson differential cross-section in transverse momentum in the electron-positron channel with the ATLAS detector at LHC." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952940.
Full textMoureaux, Louis. "Measurement of the transverse momentum of Drell-Yan lepton pairs over a wide mass range in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV in CMS." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/331993/5/ContratDiMoureaux.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Zghiche, Amina. "Étude de la diffusion quasi-élastique d'électrons sur un noyau lourd ²º⁸Pb : séparation transverse-longitudinale de la section efficace inclusive (e, e')." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112285.
Full textThis thesis presents the results of the deep inelastic scattering cross section study on ²º⁸Pb. The measurement of these cross sections has been performed from 140 MeV to 645 MeV incident energy for these five values of the scattering angle : 35, 60, 75, 90 and 143 degrees. The quasi-elastic region has been entirely recovered by this measurement. We have performed the separation of the measured cross section in one longitudinal and one transverse structure functions with the Rosenbluth Diagram method after performing radiative corrections and corrections from the coulomb distortion effects, between 300 and 650 MeV/c for the effective momentum transfer and up to 350 MeV for the energy transfer. The transverse response function shows a disagreement with the independent particle models predictions. The contribution of the exchange currents and the pion electroproduction processes have not been estimated for ²º⁸Pb, but will make an explanation for the observed disagreement. The estimation of these processes for lighter nuclei has shown an agreement with the experimental results. The longitudinal response function disagrees also with classical models predictions. The explanation of the longitudinal response reduction in terms of nucleon-nucleon correlations is not satisfying since the strength is only pushed towards higher values of the energy transfer, and the resulting coulomb sum rule (integration over the quasi-elastic peak) still overestimating the experimental values. The particle-hole correlations in the Random Phase Approximation framework, do not improve the disagreement with the experiment. While the modification of the nucleon properties in the nuclear medium would be one better explanation of the result of our experiment
Silva, Benedito Carlos Miranda da. "Psicodinâmica e qualidade de vida do médico: um estudo transversal em Botucatu-SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-24062013-111218/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Psychodynamics is the study of the psychological forces that underlie mental action. Ego defense mechanisms and object relations are psychodynamic aspects that affect quality of life as they alter people\'s perceptions of their own life. OBJECTIVES: To assess the influence of ego defense mechanisms and object relations on quality of life in a population of physicians, and thus test our hypothesis that mature ego defenses and normal object relations are associated with better physician quality of life. METHODS: In this cross- sectional study, questionnaires and pre-stamped return envelopes were sent to the population of physicians (602 individuals) living in the city of Botucatu, São Paulo. Psychodynamics was evaluated using the following instruments: a) Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40), which assesses and classifies ego defense mechanisms as mature, neurotic, or immature; b) Bell Object Relations and Reality Test Inventory (BORRTI - Forma O), which assesses and classifies object relations (alienation, egocentricity, insecure attachment, and social incompetence) as either normal or pathological. Quality of life was assessed by the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) that was developed in the context of four domains of quality of life: physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. Demographic data were obtained via a specific questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using the tests of Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, Spearman\'s coefficient, and Gamma linear regression models with SPSS v. 17, R v. 2.11.0 and Graph Pad v. 5.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 198 questionnaires (33%) with valid responses were obtained. Among respondents, mean age was 47.6 ± 11 years, and the rate of males was 53.5%. High BORRTI scores (pathology) on the alienation, egocentricity and insecure attachment subscales were associated with reduced WHOQOL-BREF scores for the psychological health (p < 0,001) and social relationships (p < 0,001) domains. Immature ego defense mechanisms were associated with lower WHOQOL-BREF scores for the physical health (p < 0,0001) and environment (p < 0,0001) domains. DISCUSSION: Immature ego defenses impair adjustment to professional and marital life, while pathological object relations lead to difficulty in sustaining stable relationships and tendency to manipulate others, hence social ineptitude. Physicians with immature defenses and pathological object relations are, therefore, likely to find it hard to relate with other people, including patients. Their quality of life is worse in comparison with that of physicians with mature ego defenses and normal object relations. In the study population, both immature ego defenses and pathological object relations were associated with lower quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Among physicians, quality of life is influenced by its psychodynamics, herein assessed through ego defense mechanisms and object relations
Nogueira, Barbara Schwair. "Características de temperamento e caráter no transtorno depressivo maior: um estudo transversal com grupo controle." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-05082016-163757/.
Full textDepression is a severe mental disorder of high prevalence, difficult treatment and risk factor for several other diseases and disorders. Its main symptoms are depressed mood and the anhedonia or loss of interest. There is evidence that personality affects the individual vulnerability for depression, as well as influences the types of symptoms and complications experimented by the patient. This work investigated the relationship between Major Depressive Disorder and temperament and character traits, based on Cloninger`s psychobiological model. We investigated which traits may be associated to Major Depression; furthermore, which others may reveal themselves protective of health and physical, mental and social welfare. A cross-sectional study was performed with the objective of comparing temperament and character traits between subjects with moderate to severe Major Depressive Disorder and a control group composed of healthy subjects without neuropsychiatric disorders. The depressed patients were antidepressant-free for at least three weeks at the time of the assessment. One hundred and three subjects (69 women and 34 men) participated in each group, matched by gender and age. These individuals filled out the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), a self-administered test which evaluates four dimensions of temperament (Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, Reward Dependence and Persistence) and three of character (Self-Directedness, Cooperativeness and Self- Transcendence), each one with their own subscales. A comparison of sociodemographic data between the groups and the correlation between the seven dimensions of temperament and character was performed. Scales were used to assess affect and mood in the group of depressed individuals, as well as other characteristics of the Major Depressive Disorder, such as type, age of depression onset and the number of depressive episodes. The means were compared with t-tests and frequencies with the chi-square test. Correlations were made to analyze the different variables with Pearson correlation coefficient and the significance level at 5% threshold. The Bonferroni correction test was also applied, establishing the significance level in 0.007 for the comparison of the 7 dimensions and 0.002 for the 25 subscales. The results showed that patients with depression presented a higher Harm Avoidance score (M=25,58, SD=7,15) and a lower Self-Directedness score (M=21,65, SD=8,03) when compared to the control group (M=15,39, SD=6,09; M=33,43, SD=5,89, respectively, p<0,001). On the other hand, subjects from the control group, as well as increased Self- Directedness, also had significantly higher scores on Cooperativeness (M=34,14, SD=4,85) compared to patients with depression (M=29,44, SD=6,93, p<0,001). As this is a crosssectional study, it was not possible to approach the matter of trace or state-dependency of these dimensions of the Major Depression Personality
Killewald, Phillip. "Measuring physical properties of the W boson in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1281636776.
Full textPetit, Elisabeth. "Première mesure de section efficace de production du boson W et de son asymétrie de charge avec l'expérience ATLAS." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00649133.
Full textHodgson, Paul. "A measurement of the di-jet cross-sections in two photon physics at LEP 2." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391043.
Full textBrouri, Dalil. "Nanoanalyse du champ électrique local en section transverse dans les diodes Si et SiC par le courant induit en microscopie électronique en transmission (STEBIC)." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066400.
Full textRazera, Andre Luis. "Estudo numérico da maximização da densidade de transferência de calor do escoamento laminar sobre cilindros de seção transversal elíptica utilizando o método Design Construtal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/156470.
Full textThis work investigates, through the Construtal Design method, the influence of the spacing (S0) between cylinders with elliptic cross in the maximization of the heat transfer density in an external flow with forced convection. The aspect ratio (r) between the vertical and horizontal axes of the elliptical cylinders is also evaluated. The proposed study is assumed twodimensional, incompressible, laminar and permanent. The flow regime is directed by a pressure difference ΔP, which is governed by the Bejan number (Be). The flows were evaluated for different values of the Bejan number, Be = 102, 103, 5.103, 104. The fluid flowing through the domain has its thermophysical properties defined by Prandtl number, Pr = 0.72. The Construtal Design method, associated with the exhaustive search, was used to determine the restrictions, degrees of freedom and objective in the geometric evaluation of the system. The numerical solution of the mass conservation, momentum and energy equations is solved based on the finite volume method, using the commercial fluid dynamics software FLUENT ®. The geometries and mesh of the computational domain were developed in the GAMBIT® package. The results show that the optimal cases performs considerably better than the other configurations, with an increase in the heat transfer density of 50% to 97% in comparison to the performance of lower level cases studied. In addition, it was possible to verify that the system adapts its optimal geometry to every flow condition in order to provide a better flow architecture that meets the thermal objective of maximizing a heat transfer in a smaller physical space in agreement with the principles of the Constructal Theory.
Farfán-García, Reyna C., Jorge L. Ulloque, and Roger V. Araujo-Castillo. "Medidas de asociación en estudios transversales: a propósito del estudio “elevada frecuencia de dislipidemia en pacientes infectados por VIH en un hospital público peruano”." Instituto Nacional de Salud, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624672.
Full textMartins, Luís Felipe Leite. "Fatores associados à não realização do Exame Papanicolau: estudo transversal de base populacional em duas capitais brasileiras." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2005. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8903.
Full textAlves, Jessica de Souza. "Orientações sobre amamentação na atenção básica de saúde e associação com o aleitamento materno exclusivo e a satisfação materna." Niterói, 2016. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/5139.
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Introdução: estudos indicam que a prevalência e a duração da amamentação podem ser influenciados pela orientação dos profissionais de saúde. As orientações prestadas por esses profissionais também podem gerar satisfação entre as mães. A satisfação dos usuários é um importante indicador da qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Objetivo: analisar a associação entre o recebimento de orientações sobre amamentação e dois desfechos: o aleitamento materno exclusivo e a satisfação materna. Métodos: estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 695 mães de crianças menores de um ano usuárias de nove unidades básicas de saúde da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para a presente investigação, onde um dos desfechos é o aleitamento materno exclusivo, foram selecionadas apenas as mães de bebês menores de seis meses (n = 429). As variáveis associadas com cada desfecho (p≤0.20) na análise bivariada foram selecionadas para análise multivariada. Razões de prevalência ajustadas foram obtidas por regressão de Poisson com variância robusta (p≤0,05). Resultados: a prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo foi de 50,1%, e de satisfação, 54,1%. Na análise multivariada associaram-se negativamente ao aleitamento materno exclusivo: renda materna < 1 salário mínimo (RP=0,77), experiência prévia em amamentar < 6 meses (RP=0,73), não viver com companheiro (RP=0,76), não estar em amamentação exclusiva na alta hospitalar (RP=0,78), consumir bebida alcoólica (RP=0,57), receber orientação sobre ordenha das mamas com uso de bombas e não com as mãos (RP=0,53), uso de chupeta (RP=0,74) e idade crescente do bebê em meses (RP=0,78); e positivamente: receber orientação sobre aleitamento materno exclusivo na unidade básica (RP=1,32). Associaram-se positivamente à satisfação materna: receber orientação na unidade básica sobre pega e posição (RP=1,60), sobre livre demanda (RP=2,00), sobre não uso de mamadeira (RP=1,81), e a idade crescente do bebê em meses (RP=1,06). Conclusão: as mães ficaram satisfeitas com as orientações adequadas sobre amamentação recebidas na atenção primária, mas nem todas as orientações prestadas mostraram influência sobre o aleitamento materno exclusivo
Introduction: studies indicate that breastfeeding prevalence and duration may be influenced by health professionals orientation. The guidance provided by these professionals can also generate satisfaction among mothers. User satisfaction is an important health services quality indicator. Objective: to analyze the association between receiving guidance on breastfeeding and two outcomes: exclusive breastfeeding and maternal satisfaction. Methods: cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 695 mothers of children less than one year old, users of nine primary health care units in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil. For the present investigation, where one of the outcomes is exclusive breastfeeding, only mothers of children less than six months old were selected (n = 429). Variables associated with each outcome (p≤0.20) in bivariate analysis were selected for multivariate analysis. Adjusted prevalence ratios were obtained by Poisson regression with robust variance (p = 0.05). Results: the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was 50.1%, and of satisfaction, 54.1%. Variables inversely associated with exclusive breastfeeding in multivariate analysis were: maternal income < 1 minimum wage (PR = 0.77), previous experience in breastfeeding < 6 months (PR = 0.73), not living with the partner (PR = 0.76), nonexclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge (PR = 0.78), alcohol consumption (PR = 0.57), guidance on breasts expression with a pump (PR = 0.53), pacifier use (PR = 0.74) and baby’s increasing age in months (PR = 0.78). Receiving orientation on exclusive breastfeeding in the primary care unit (PR = 1.32) showed to be directly associated with exclusive breastfeeding practice. Showed direct association with satisfaction: guidance received in the primary care unit on latching and positioning (PR = 1.60), on free demand (PR = 2.00), and on no bottle feeding use (RP = 1.81), as well as baby's increasing age in months (OR = 1.06). Conclusion: mothers appreciated adequate guidance received in primary care units to breastfeed, however not every guidance provided showed influence on exclusive breastfeeding
Gomes, Aline Cristine 1989. "Estudo transversal da condição perirradicular e qualidade do tratamento endodôntico e restaurador em uma população brasileira através de tomografias computadorizadas cone beam : Periapical status and quality of root fillings and coronal restorations in a Brazilian population : a CBCT study." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289735.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Este estudo transversal determinou a prevalência de periodontite apical em 1290 dentes tratados endodonticamente em uma população brasileira, assim como as variáveis associadas à saúde perirradicular, através da avaliação de Tomografias Computadorizadas Cone beam (CBCT). As CBCT foram avaliadas quanto à presença ou ausência de periodontite apical, assim como as variáveis: gênero, qualidade do tratamento endodôntico, qualidade do tratamento restaurador, limite apical de obturação e presença ou ausência de pino intraradicular. Os dentes foram considerados saudáveis em 48,83 % dos casos avaliados. O tratamento endodôntico foi adequado em 55,11 % dos dentes. A qualidade do tratamento endodôntico e da restauração coronária influenciaram as condições perirradiculares (P < 0,0001 ), ocorrendo melhor resultado quando ambos os tratamentos foram adequados ( P < 0,01 ), assim como em casos de canais obturados até 0-2 mm do ápice radicular (P = 0,02). Foi encontrada uma prevalência relativamente elevada de periodontite apical na população estudada, o que pode estar relacionado à alta prevalência de tratamentos realizados com qualidade insatisfatória. Além disso, as variáveis qualidade do tratamento endodôntico, qualidade do tratamento restaurador e o limite apical da obturação foram significativamente associadas ao sucesso do tratamento endodontico, demonstrando a natureza multifatorial da periodontite apical
Abstract: This cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of apical periodontitis in 1290 root canal-treated teeth from a Brazilian population, as well as the variables associated with periradicular health, through the evaluation of CT scans Cone beam (CBCT). The CBCT were evaluated concerning presence or absence of apical periodontitis, and also the variables: gender, quality of endodontic treatment and coronal restoration, apical level of filling and presence of post restoration. The teeth were considered healthy in 48.83% of cases evaluated. Only 55.11% of the teeth had endodontic treatment rated as adequate. The quality of both endodontic treatment and coronal restoration were statistically correlated with the presence or absence of apical periodontitis (P<.0001), and the best results occur when both treatments were adequate (P <0.01) as well as in cases filled up to 0-2 mm from the apex (P = 0.02). The data showed relatively high prevalence of apical periodontitis in the study population, which may be related to the high prevalence of treatments performed with unsatisfactory quality. In addition, the variables quality of endodontic treatment, quality of restorative treatment and the apical limit of obturation were significantly associated with the success of endodontic treatment, demonstrating the multifactorial nature of apical periodontitis
Mestrado
Endodontia
Mestra em Clínica Odontológica
Hototian, Sérgio Ricardo. "Identificação de suspeitos de demência em três distritos do município de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-15102014-101834/.
Full textDescriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study with 1 560 elderly in representative sampling of São Paulo city. Cognitive evaluation tests associated with scales of daily activities composed the screening and were carried out door to door. Suspect prevalence rate was 16,1%. The Chi2 test with logistic regressive analysis showed a relationship between age, illiteracy or few years of study, stroke and diabetes mellitus with dementia suspicion. The variables gender, socioeconomic class, skin color, systemic arterial hypertension, cholesterol, depression and cranioencephalic traumatism showed no relationship with dementia suspicion
Zitko, Jarrett. "Effects of Random Cross-Sectioned Distributions, Fiber Misalignment and Interphases in Three-Dimensional Composite Models on Transverse Shear Modulus." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4268.
Full textCruz, Lóris Aparecida Prado da. "Prevalência de obesidade, hipertensão arterial e níveis glicêmicos alterados em mulheres com câncer de mama de um núcleo de reabilitação do interior de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-04082016-195127/.
Full textThe therapeutic modalities for breast cancer have promoted advances in its treatment leading to increased survival of women. However, with the increase in longevity, there is also the risk of comorbidities related to age, to treatment and to the disease, the main ones being: obesity, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Thus, the objective of the present study was to indentify the prevalence of obesity, SAH and altered glucose levels among women with breast câncer who attend a rehabilitation center and to evaluate the distribution of such comorbidities in relation to age, time of breast cancer diagnosis, waist circumference, hormone therapy, chemotherapy treatment and life habits. This is an observational, descriptive and transversal study, which included 67 women with breast cancer. An instrument with sociodemographic and clinical variables was used for the collection of data, in addition to anthropometric evaluations, skin folds, bioimpedance, systemic arterial pressure and blood collected for fasting blood glucose test, from September to November, 2015. A descriptive analysis was perfomed resulting in frequency tables for qualitative variables; the Fischer exact test was employed to identify the relationship between the ordinal or nominal qualitative variables, whereas non-parametric statistical techniques with the Mann-Whitney (MW) and Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test were employed to study the relationship between continuous and categorical measures of the survey. In relation to obesity, 34.3% of participants were found to be pre-obese, 29.9% had a body mass índex (BMI) with mild to severe obesity parameters, 53.7% were hypertensive and 20.9% had diabetes. Association was found between age and SAH; waist circumference and SAH; blood glucose levels and waist circunference; BMI and waist circunference; age and DM; and age and waist circunference. The findings show high prevalence of obesity, high blood pressure and altered glucose levels in the participating women, and allow for identification of the factors associated with comorbidities, namely age, life habits and breast cancer treatments
Dantas, Deborah Rose Galvão. "Estudo sobre a prevalência do tabagismo entre adolescentes no Brasil." Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/13104.
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Objetivo:Observar a prevalência do tabagismo entre adolescentes no Brasil;analisar fatores de risco ao tabagismo.Métodos:Estudo descritivo observacional e estudo de corte transversal. Foram pesquisados estudos de corte transversal ou coorte nos últimos 40anos,contendo percentuais de prevalência e/ou experimentação nos bancos de dados:MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS e PubMeD; por busca ativa e comunicados oficiais,sendo selecionados 84 trabalhos.Foi realizado estudo de corte transversal de agosto a dezembro de 2011 com 781 estudantes do ensino público/privado de Campina Grande-PB.A análise estatística utilizou-se do ambiente computacional R versão 2.15.0, teste qui-quadrado, intervalo de confiança e regressão logística ao nível de confiança de 5%.Resultados:Houve redução acentuada daprevalência do tabagismo na população brasileira entre o final da década de 80 até metade da década de 2000,mas menor variação posteriormente;redução da prevalência entre jovens e aumento percentualde mulheres tabagistas.Nas regiões brasileiras,houve redução no Sudeste, Sul e Nordeste e aumento no Centro-Oeste.A prevalência entre adolescentes brasileiros foi semelhante ou menor do que a da maioria dos países avaliados.Os fatores que fomentam o tabagismo estão relacionados à convivência com fumantes e usuários de outras drogas psicoativas ou utilizá-las,fácil acesso,propaganda,inexistência ou não cumprimento de leis antitabagismo, inexistência de campanhas de prevenção. Na cidade avaliada,a prevalência de escolares tabagistas foi de 9,8%.Destes,2,9% eram regulares,2,8%, ocasionais e 4,1% regulares e ocasionais simultaneamente.O percentual de experimentação foi de 31,2%,o de tabagistas atuais de 6,0%e ex-tabagistas 4,6%.Fumantes passivos foram 68%.Os fatores influentes foram:conviver com fumantes, ser indiferente ao controle da venda,achar desnecessário o aumento da fiscalização e ver menores comprando cigarros. Conclusão:A prevalência do tabagismo entre jovens no Brasil foi baixa,comparando-se com outros países,sendo altos experimentação e tabagismo passivo;houve aumento da prevalência no sexo feminino.Os fatores influentes no tabagismo estão ligados ao convívio com tabagistas e à inexistência ou ausência de rigor no cumprimento das leis antitabagismo dirigidas a essa faixa etária.
Salvador
Tobbi, Hany. "Comportement en compression de colonnes en béton renforcées d'armatures en PRF." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6144.
Full textPAULA, Klayton Marcelino de. "Adquirindo competências em educação ambiental: pedagogia de projetos aplicada aos professores da rede Estadual de Educação do Estado de Goiás Subsecretaria Regional de Catalão (GO)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/373.
Full textThe crosscutting theme in the teaching environment requires reconstruction of the educational process on the concepts of ethics and morality in the face of discussions in school. The Environmental Education (EE), commonly based his speech on unscientific theories being propagated by rote this area of knowledge is for the analysis and interpretation of environmental problems, as well as strategies to raise awareness of humanity in relation to them. As stated in Law no. 9795, to April 27, 1999 EE is considered cross-cutting issue and should be addressed by all the disciplines taught in universities and colleges as specified also in the National Curriculum Parameters for Secondary Education - Guidelines and Middle School Curriculum. In most educational institutions, environmental issues do not relate to theoretical and practical activities affecting the dynamics of teaching and learning process between learner and educator. However, the school must articulate the curriculum to the social reality of the community within and outside school. The environmental approach in the classrooms of basic education is generally restricted to graduates in Biological Sciences and Geography, however, is also assigned to other educators articulate, among different segments inserted in basic education, pedagogical guidance, to ensure scientific knowledge. Thus, it is essential to continuing education of professionals belonging to the State Education Secretariat Regional Catalão (GO). This thesis presents a brief historical overview of the major campaigns precursor of environmental discussions in the school, the contribution of the triad, Curriculum National Curriculum Guidelines for Secondary Education and Law No. 9.9795, from April 27, 1999 in the educational process, cross-cutting theme Environment environment. Leading the discussion we sought to open dialogue about what is produced in state schools under the title Environmental Education noting issues of common sense, common sense and scientific sense, knowledge and methodologies in environmental education and ethics in educational work. Depicts the functionality of the educator as mediator of scientific knowledge and the importance of continued education and concludes with research strategies on the conceptions of teachers participating pre-and post-educational intervention. The results were also made inferences about the whole trajectory set in this research.
O tema transversal Meio Ambiente no ensino necessita a reconstrução do processo educacional sobre os conceitos de ética e moral face às discussões no âmbito escolar. A Educação Ambiental (EA), comumente, fundamenta seu discurso em teorias sem base científica sendo reproduzidas de forma mecânica essa área do conhecimento destina-se à análise e à interpretação dos problemas ambientais, bem como estratégias à sensibilização da humanidade em relação aos mesmos. Conforme consta na Lei nº. 9.795, de 27 de abril de 1999 a EA é considerada tema transversal, devendo ser abordada por todas as disciplinas ministradas nas Instituições de Ensino (IE), como estabelecido também nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio - PCNEMs e nas Orientações Curriculares do Ensino Médio - OCEMs. Na maioria das instituições de ensino, as questões ambientais não se relacionam às atividades teóricopráticas comprometendo a dinâmica do processo ensino e aprendizagem entre aprendiz e educador. Todavia, a escola deve articular os conteúdos curriculares à realidade social da comunidade intra e extra-escolar. A abordagem ambiental nas salas de aula da educação básica geralmente se restringe aos licenciados em Ciências Biológicas e Geografia, contudo, também é atribuição de outros educadores articular, junto a diferentes segmentos inseridos na Educação Básica, práticas pedagógicas de orientação, que assegurem o saber científico. Nesse sentido, é imprescindível a formação continuada desses profissionais pertencentes à rede Estadual de Educação Subsecretaria Regional de Catalão (GO). Esta Dissertação apresenta breve contextualização histórica das principais mobilizações precursoras das discussões ambientais na escola, a contribuição da tríade, Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, Orientações Curriculares para o Ensino Médio e a Lei nº 9.9795, de 27 de abril de 1999 no processo educativo e transversal do tema Meio Ambiente. Fomentando a discussão buscou-se abertura para dialogar sobre o que se produz nas escolas estaduais com o título de Educação Ambiental observando as questões de senso comum, bom senso e senso científico, saberes e metodologias em Educação Ambiental e a ética no trabalho pedagógico. Retrata a funcionabilidade do educador como mediador do saber científico e a importância da formação continuada e conclui com as estratégias de investigação sobre as concepções dos docentes participantes pré e pós-intervenção pedagógica. Além dos resultados, também foram realizadas inferências acerca de toda trajetória configurada nessa pesquisa.
Sudano, Alexandre Luis. "Influência da forma de seção transversal no confinamento de pilares de concreto armado encamisados com PRFC (polímero reforçado com fibras)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-16092005-142514/.
Full textThe effect of the concrete confinement in columns submitted to the axial compression brings many benefits to its structural behavior, amongst them the increase of the axial compressive strength due to the action of the lateral pressures and the improvement of the ductility. In function of these advantages, the confinement is one of the main techniques for strengthening of concrete columns. However, depending on the shape of the cross section, the efficiency of the reinforcement can be impaired by the non-uniformity of the confinement pressure distribution. In the case of circular cross section columns, this distribution is uniform. Otherwise, in square and rectangular cross section columns, there is a pressure concentration at the cross section corners. In case of CFRP jackets, the pressure concentration leads to a premature rupture of the jacket, resulting in an inefficient reinforcement. Intending to consider the different confinement pressure distributions, a shape coefficient is applied to cross sections with distinguished shape from the circular one (for which this coefficient is equal to the unit), to correct the confinement pressure value. The corrected pressure is applied in theoretical evaluations of the columns load carrying capacity. The main objective of work is to analyze the structural behavior of strengthened concrete columns with different shape cross-sections, evaluating the influences in the efficiency of the jacketing and in the ductility of the structural element. Experimental simulations were made in columns with the following cross section shapes: circular, square and rectangular with rounded corners, elliptical and a section composed by semicircles. The results demonstrated that an adequate shape of the cross-section is essential for a good performance of the strengthened columns. The cross sections that presented the best results were the circular, the elliptical and the one composed by semicircles
Dupin, Cecile. "La recherche infirmière en France : approche sociologique et épistémologique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066128.
Full textNursing research and education recently changed in France. In our country, the nursing discipline is currently transforming toward an academic institutionalisation. European development of nursing research is heterogeneous, but the paths of progress seem similar if four sequential stages. Nursing research is characterized by its diversity. However, French nurses implement research projects, in a relative seclusion. In the current professional, disciplinary and intellectual French nursing context, how can nursing research integrate both the international arena and develop its own unique programme? This thesis further aspires to highlight French nurses? scientific values and provide guidelines for nursing research and education in France. The research programme Thot, a multi-method programme, was launched in 2010 to study the development of French nursing research capacity. Thot 1 study was a descriptive cross-sectional analysis of the Hospital Nursing Research Programme 2010 and 2011 scientific activity. Thot 2 study was an ethnography of nursing research practices, combined with clinical practice. Thot 3 was a phenomenographic study of research concepts acquired during a doctoral apprenticeship in France and Sweden. Seven values were derived from the integration of the results of the three studies: reflexivity, dedicated education, coherence, diversity, confidence, transmission and transformation. We hope that this programme, deployed and implemented concurrently to one of the stage of development of nursing in France, will participate in the future integration of the values of French nurses as scientific values
Vaumourin, Elise. "Modélisation statistique des associations et des interactions entre des parasites transmis par des vecteurs, à partir de données issues d'études transversales." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22489/document.
Full textMultiparasitism and specifically statistical associations among parasites, have a strong influence on the ecology of parasites. This influence reinforced when parasites interact and thus modify their effect on hosts. However, the identification of associations and interactions between parasites is complex at the population level. Our aim was to model multi-parasite associations and interactions, in particular for parasites of medical, veterinary or agricultural importance. We first present a review of the literature on the different causes and consequences of multiparasitism and the methods and tools available to better understand the phenomena that generate them. In a second step we worked on the detection of multi-parasite associations. We developed a new approach « association screening » to statistically test the presence of multi-parasite associations on a global scale. We used this method to identify associations and to reveal precisely associated parasites in different host populations. Then, we focused on the study of interactions between parasites. We developed a model to identify the interactions between two vector-borne and persistent parasites in a host, using data from cross-sectional studies. One way to increase our capacity to detect parasite interactions in populations is the taking into account common risk factors. Taking into account interactions increases diagnosis, treatments and prevention of infectious diseases