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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sects'
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Hernández, Prados Mª Ángeles, and Bordallo David Ibáñez. "Vulnerability of Teenagers to sects’ recruitment." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117585.
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The uniqueness» fracture of the ruling speech about modernity has plunged usinto despair of relativity voices of postmodernism. We assist, according to Garcia(2008), to a new era characterized by the implementation of a spiritual market anda religions cocktail. The increased sensitivity of citizenship by cultivating integrityalong with the host institutions crisis exacerbates the vulnerability of people tobe influenced of sectarian ideologies. After having analyzed society as a beneficialcrop to the sects, the speech focused on adolescence as the most vulnerable stage,claiming that education, from many different contexts, is the most likely responseto prevent the sect»s recruitment.<br>La fractura de la unicidad del discurso imperante en la modernidad nos hasumergido en la desesperanza de la relatividad de las voces de la posmodernidad.Asistimos, según García (2008) a una era nueva caracterizada por la implantaciónde un supermercado espiritual y por el cóctel de las religiones. La sensibilización dela ciudadanía por el cultivo de la interioridad junto a la crisis de las instituciones deacogida agudiza la vulnerabilidad de las personas ante las influencias de ideologíassectarias. Tras el análisis de la sociedad como cultivo para las sectas, el discursose centra en los adolescentes como etapa de mayor vulnerabilidad, así como enreivindicar la respuesta educativa, desde diferentes contextos, para prevenir lacaptación de los mismos.<br>A fratura da unicidade do discurso dominante na modernidade mergulhou-nosno desespero da relatividade das vozes do pós-modernismo. Atendemos, de acordocom Garcia (2008) para uma nova era caracterizada pela implementação de umsupermercado espiritual, e pelo cocktail das religiões. A sensibilização da cidadaniapelo cultivo da interioridade junto com a crise das instituições de acolhimentoaumenta a vulnerabilidade das pessoas nas influências das ideologias sectárias.Após a analise da sociedade como cultivo para as seitas, o discurso centra-se nosadolescentes como a fase de mais vulnerabilidade, assim como a reivindicaçãona resposta educativa, desde diferentes contextos, para prevenir a captação dosmesmos.
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James, Russell. "The impact of sects, rationality and human capital in religious charitable giving /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3052183.
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Kendall, Lois. "A psychological exploration into the effects of former membership of 'extremist authoritarian sects'." Thesis, Bucks New University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424796.
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Lu, Hui-tzu. "Women and the Eternal Mother Religious Sects in Late Imperial China (1420-1885)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560757.
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Thompson, Michael James. "An illustrated theology of churches and "sects", with the churches of New Frontiers International." Thesis, University of Kent, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.737002.
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Coles, Kimberly Anne. "Making sects : women as reformers, writers, and subjects in early Reformation England, 1534-1590." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273101.
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Caldwell, Donald K. "The hegemony of sectarianism in Lebanon." Click here for download, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com.ps2.villanova.edu/pqdweb?did=1948681681&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Nadeau, Randall Laird. "Popular sectarianism in the Ming : Lo Chʻing and his "religion of non-action"". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30785.
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"Popular Sectarianism in the Minq: Lo Ch'ing and his 'Religion of Non-Action'" is a study of Lo Ch'ing (1442-1527), a lay religious reformer of Ming Dynasty China, the scriptures he composed and the Lo chiao tradition. Chapter I utilizes historical materials (official records, accounts of observors, and memorials to the throne) and sectarian documents (sectarian hagiographies and Lo's own autobiography) to formulate a biography of Lo Ch'ing. Chapter II analyzes Lo's religious thought, based on translated passages from his scriptures, entitled Wu-pu liu-ts 'e (Five Books in Six Volumes) , in the context of the history of Chinese religions and the canonical scriptures of Buddhism, Taoism and the Literati (Confucian) tradition. Chapter III traces the history of Lo sects from the Ming Dynasty to the present, from historical documents, sectarian accounts, and interviews with contemporary Lo sectarians conducted in Taiwan. Chapter IV examines Lo's sources and his use of Chinese written and oral traditions, with comparisons to popular religious literature of early modern Europe. Chapter V evaluates Lo Ch'ing's social role as a "cultural mediator" of conceptions and values between elite and popular levels of Chinese society, incorporating recent studies of similar figures in both Chinese and European history. The Appendices include summaries of the one hundred three chapters constituting the Wu- pu liu-ts'e, an annotated catalogue of Lo's sources, and a bibliography of reference works, primary sources, and secondary studies in Chinese, Japanese, and Western languages. The thesis is presented as a contribution to the fields of Chinese popular religion, sectarianism, and social history. It addresses methodological issues concerning the interaction of elite and popular culture, the study and interpretation of popular religious texts, the analysis of charismatic religious personalities, and the transmission of religious conceptions and values. The principle methodological conclusion of the thesis is that religious figures at a lower and middle level of society can be both creative thinkers and active agents of the transmission of values and conceptions throughout society and history. Much of the translated material in the dissertationis made available to Western-language readers for the first time, and the analysis of the material is based upon secondary studies in Chinese, Japanese, and English. It is hoped that this study will inspire further scholarship on Chinese popular religion as well as Lo Ch'ing and his Religion of Non-Action.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Asian Studies, Department of<br>Graduate
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Davis, Joseph Tal. "A comprehensive program to train Southern Baptists to minister to family members of persons involved in cults." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Peters, Thomas A. "Appealing cults in central Africa a scriptural perspective /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Silva, José Antunes da. "The development of new religious movements in an African context." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
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Russell, Peter. "A study of the relationship between sectarian diversity within Second Temple Judaism and sectarian diversity within the Early Church." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683337.
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Baublytė, Aušra. "Studentų požiūris į naujuosius religinius judėjimus (sektas)." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060531_162913-13906.
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The present research deals with new confessional movements (sects). The paper discusses problematical terms, presents classification of NCM in Lithuania and shows their differential features. Later on, the relation of NCM and person is examined. That contains presenting causes of involving, methods of crimping / manipulation and its dangerous influence. One of the most important issues is supporting and helping those, who were involved into NCM. In that concern aspects of helping methods and the demand of information were introduced. The paper refers to works of Lithuanian and foreign sociologists and researchers of NCM (M. Weber, P. Berger, A. Giddens, A. Dvorkin, E. Barker, D. Glodenis, A. Peškaitis, A. Navickas).
NCM (sects) can be regarded as a controversial and dangerous social phenomenon. That shows the importance of examining the level of the problems caused by it. The youth, as the most active part of the society was chosen for the present research. The aim of the paper is to indicate their opinion and to show their experience in different aspects of NCM. The research was made to see if the topic of NTC is relevant and problematic for youth, to find if young people are informed enough and to know if there are tolerant to different NCM (sects). The hypothesis was made that confession is important for youth and those, who had some relations with NCM will have negative impression. It was also assumed that the lack of information about NTC encourages young people to be... [to full text]
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Louy, Stephen D. "Origins of Christian identity in the Letters of Paul." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6439.
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A common theme in examining Christian identity focuses on the emergence of that identity, on locating the point in time within the history of the Christian church that one can first observe a clearly identifiable community which can be called ‘Christian.’ There is evidence that a clear sense of a Christian identity existed by the second century CE. This is expressed in several authors from the second century CE, who employ ‘ethnic’ terminology to refer to the Christians as a ‘new’ or ‘third’ race. What allowed these authors to identify the Christians as a distinct ‘race’ so soon after the emergence of the group? This study explores the origins of this ‘race’ of Christians. Examination of the earliest existent Christian texts, the undisputed letters of the apostle Paul, demonstrates a group which exists partially within the Jewish identity group, and yet simultaneously displays features of a unique group identity. Two methods of investigation are employed to explore the origins of a Christian ‘race.’ First, from those authors who describe the Christians as a ‘race,’ a ‘vocabulary of identity’ is identified, and instances of this vocabulary are examined in the undisputed Pauline corpus to demonstrate the continued Jewish identity of Paul and many of his congregants. Second, a series of group identity features which are unique to the Jewish identity group are drawn from the work of John Hutchinson and Anthony D. Smith, James D.G. Dunn, and E.P. Sanders. An examination of these features in the undisputed Pauline corpus shows the beginnings of a distancing between the nascent Christian movement and its Jewish parent body. Continuing the investigation, the study explores the Pauline epistles for evidence of uniquely Christian group identity features. A series of these identifiers are examined, demonstrating the methods by which the earliest Christ-followers were identified as Christ-followers. These Christ-following identifiers served as the basis for the eventual ‘ethnic’ distinction of the Christian movement. The thesis concludes that the Pauline epistles reveal the origins of the later Christian ‘race’, and that during the first century Paul and his congregations simultaneously existed within the Jewish identity group, and alongside this group as members of an identifiable Christ-following identity group.
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Flegg, Columba Graham. "The Catholic Apostolic Church : its history, ecclesiology, liturgy and eschatology." Thesis, n.p, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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Hochman, Grant Sinclair. "A Christian response to the cults an aid for the lay person /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
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Morales, Kendrick Thomas. "Commitment and Radical Religious Sects:An Empirical Examination of the Roots of Terrorism." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1415986828.
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Gabriel, Jan. "Komparace přístupu k trhu s církevními statky "tradičních církví" a "tzv. nových náboženských hnutí"." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4821.
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There are two main parts in this thesis. In the first one, we are focused on different approaches to the relationship of religion and government. We point out the influence of religion (both positive and negative) on individual. These issues are viewed from the perspective of some famous theories. For example: G.S. Becker's Accounting for Tastes, F. A. Hayek's theory of spontaneous order, H. Bergson's philosophy or M. Weber's sociology of religion. The second part analyses situation in Czech Republic and compares it to situations in Austria and Sweden. There are appendixes, which can be used as bases for new research.
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Boyd, Craig. "Natural Law & Right Reason in the Moral Theory of St. Thomas Aquinas." TopSCHOLAR®, 1990. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2157.
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A major problem with current discussions on the moral theory of St. Thomas Aquinas is the fact that many interpreters present Thomas's thought as a natural-law morality. While natural law is an element of Thomas's moral theory, it plays a subordinate role to the virtue of prudence.
The natural law interpreters of St. Thomas's moral theory hold that (1) natural law is the dominant element, (2) natural law can be treated in isolation from Thomas's account of virtue, and (3) the principles of natural law make Thomas's moral theory abstract and deontological. These interpretations rarely consider the virtue of prudence.
Natural law, in Thomas's moral theory, makes general statements about human nature and also sets the parameters for morally good human activity. However, it fails to function adequately on the level of an agent's particular moral problems. The general precepts of natural law do not function as proximate principles of human action. But the special function of moral virtue is to provide the agent with the necessary proximate principles of human action.
Virtue is an acquired disposition of the soul that functions as a proximate principle of action. Holding a special place in Thomas's moral theory, prudence is primary among the moral virtues. It is defined as "right reason concerning things to be done." Prudence holds a middle place between he intellectual virtues and the moral virtues. It requires right thinking about moral matters, but it also requires the possession of a right appetite.
This essay includes some discussion of human nature, as ethics is subordinated to psychology. Furthermore, we must show how the human agent engages in moral activity, and this requires discussing the psychological processes involved in human action.
It is my purpose to explore the functions of natural law and virtue and to take account of the relationship between them in Thomas's moral theory. After establishing a proper understanding of Thomas's view, it will be clear that the natural-law interpreters have missed a crucial element in his ethical theory.
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Allard, Anne-Charlotte. "Rôles et impacts des activités missionnaires auprès des communautés autochtones de la haute Cordillère péruvienne, XXème et XXIème siècles." Thesis, Limoges, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIMO0008/document.
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Basée sur une étude ethnographique de trois villages quechuaphones de la haute Cordillère sud du Pérou, notre recherche a pour objectif de montrer les différents rôles endossés par les missionnaires qui effectuent des visites ou s’installent sur place, et les impacts causés par leur présence et leurs œuvres. Dans la vie de ces hameaux, certains éléments culturels et sociaux sont dits traditionnels, c’est-à-dire non liés à la culture moderne, comme l’animisme, le catholicisme, le syncrétisme, le travail manuel, l’élevage, l’agriculture. Par le moyen de comparaisons entre les villages sans missionnaires, ceux qui reçoivent la visite de groupe religieux et ceux au sein desquels s’implantent des Églises, nous repérons les pratiques traditionnelles et constatons les évolutions cultuelles et sociales dues aux missions. L’enclavement géographique et linguistique des communautés étudiées, leurs caractéristiques sociales, culturelles et religieuses ainsi que leur environnement hostile font d’elles des terrains missionnaires peu habituels. De ce fait, les individus et les groupes religieux qui les évangélisent jonglent avec beaucoup de contraintes et peu de ressources. Cependant, avec le développement des réseaux routiers, ces villages se désenclavent l’un après l’autre. Par conséquent, le paysage religieux des hameaux d’altitude se modifie, accueillant de plus en plus d’Églises. Ainsi, la mondialisation gagne peu à peu les hautes Andes et le développement de l’activité missionnaire n’est pas seul responsable des mutations socioculturelles observables dans les communautés. Le tourisme et les interventions des O.N.G. et de l’État engendrent elles aussi des changements que chaque Église accompagne et/ou subit aux côtés des populations, réadaptant régulièrement ses méthodes d’évangélisation. La présence des différentes entités religieuses ouvre un nouveau mode de relation avec le monde extérieur<br>Based on an ethnographic study of three Quechua speaking villages in the Southern part of the Peruvian highlands, our research seeks to show the diverse roles the missionaries who visit or live in the field assume, and the different impacts caused by their presence and their activities. In the life of these communities, some cultural and social elements are said to be traditional, i.e. not linked to modern culture, like animism, Catholicism, syncretism, manual work, animal breeding, agriculture. By making comparisons between villages that do not have missionary presence, others who do receive missionary visits and those with permanent missions, we identify the religious and social changes that are produced by missionary works. The communities’ geographical and linguistic isolation, their social, cultural and religious characteristics, as well as their inhospitable physical environment make them an uncommon missionary destination. Consequently, religious individuals and groups who evangelize must face many difficulties with few resources. However, with the growing spread of road networks, those villages open up more and more to the cities. Hence the highland communities’ religious landscape changes by welcoming more and more different Churches. Globalization then reaches the high Andes little by little and the development of missionary work is not the only cause to the sociocultural evolutions one can observe in the villages. Tourism and N.G.O. intervention leads to changes, and each Church accompanies and/or deals with them along with the people, readjusting their methods of evangelization on a regular basis. The presence of the diverse religious entities opens a new way of relating to the outside world
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Buckler, Scott R. "Sects and violence : development of an inclusive taxonomy to hermeneutically explore the histo-philosophical motivators for the inception and development of the martial art, Wing Chun Kuen." Thesis, Coventry University, 2010. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/4b1d8ab6-a860-4d0d-887d-67e73a7b18c5/1.
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Martial arts participation rates exceed those reported for a number of higher- profile physical activities (Sport England, 2002), however little research has been conducted to investigate the purported motivation and benefits participants derive (e.g. Jones, McKay and Peters, 2006; Ko, Kim and Valacich, 2010). A specific area often discussed is the notion of personal growth (Ko et al., 2010), either through a form of psychotherapy (e.g. Monahan, 2007), extenuating what may be deemed positive personality attributes (e.g. Kurian, Caterion and Kulhavy, 1993), lowering depression (e.g. Bodin and Martinsen, 2004), reducing aggression (e.g. Twemlow, Sacco and Fonagy, 2008) or reducing stress (e.g. Yan and Downing, 1998). Such personal growth is deemed to be transformatory in nature (e.g. Lancaster, 2004; Luskin, 2004; Hartelius, Caplan and Rardin, 2007). Due to issues of generalisability within martial arts research (e.g. Jones et al., 2006), one style which has lacked a tradition of academic research has been selected for a case study. Wing Chun is a unique style, developing exponentially over the past forty years: a style which retains its fighting heritage, utilising exclusive training methods (e.g. Rawcliffe, 2003). Given the pragmatic nature of Wing Chun, an hermeneutic approach has been adopted to investigate the histo-philosophical motivation for the inception of the style to provide a context from which to explore current participant motivation. Initially, an inclusive theoretical taxonomy has been developed for subsequent analysis. This hermeneutic analysis has been conducted through the development of a 360 degree mixed-methodological approach (e.g. Tashakkori and Teddlie, 2008) utilising exploratory and explanatory stages (e.g. Creswell and Plano-Clark, 2007) to ascertain the validity of the taxonomy. Findings are subsequently discussed in relation to the mixed-methodological approach.
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Man, Ying-ling, and 文英玲. "A study of the literature of the Maoshan Toaist Sect in High Tang China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31244609.
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Benitez, John. "Hispanic Religious Outreach in the Upper U.S. South: Missionary Outreach, Strategies, and Institutional Praxis Among Mainstream Denominations." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/39.
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Hispanic religious ministry provides a way for long established mainstreams to stay afloat in the face of the demographic realities in the U.S. today. Unfortunately, the lack of literature, particularly in geography, precludes the examination of elements of contemporary Hispanic religious outreach, including such considerations as strategies, their effectiveness, and institutional praxis among mainstream religious denominations in the U.S.
Using a hybrid methodology that relies on several techniques, I examine Hispanic religious ministry in the Upper U.S. South, which geographers tell us is America’s newest Hispanic destination. I, thereby, develop and present here a case study to compare Hispanic religious ministry in Kentucky’s Inner Bluegrass metropolitan region, which has recently been attracting Hispanics. I use three mainstream denominations including the Roman Catholic Church, the United Methodist Church, and the Southern Baptist Convention to examine the relationships of religious polity, outreach practices, and disparate strategies among these three denominations.
Strategies of Hispanic religious ministry among religious organizations associated with the Roman Catholic Church, the United Methodist Church, and the Southern Baptist Convention; reflect many similarities, while simultaneously exhibiting much variation throughout the Inner Bluegrass. Similarities in outreach praxis seem to be predicated on tactics wherein agencies have come to dominate the cultures of contemporary mainstream religious denominations, while polities, historically structured to differentiate religious traditions and doctrines within a continuum of congregational versus connectional organization, seemed to account for much variation among these disparate denominations. While Hispanic outreach in the Inner Bluegrass mostly follow national-level plans or strategies, the Roman Catholic denomination seems most efficient and effective in managing new Hispanic ministries in the Inner Bluegrass today.
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Chad, Bretton. "Compounding the Sacred and the Profane: How Economic Theory Brings New Insight to the Growth and Decline of American Protestantism." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1263.
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In this thesis, economic theory and models will be used to analyze trends of religious growth and decline within the United States. These theories and models, such as Rational Choice Theory, will be applied in order to better understand and gain new insight into shifts and changes within the religious landscape of the United States. Recent trends of growth and decline within Protestantism, the most prominent Christian tradition in America, will be the focus of the investigation. As its main focus, this thesis will ultimately demonstrate that the trends of decline in the mainline Protestant tradition opposed to the trends of growth in the evangelical Protestant tradition can be best understood by focusing on the unique relationship between a religious organization’s degree of tension with society and that organization’s congregational attendance.
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Колєсніков, О. А. "Проблема правового регулювання діяльності сект в України". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/60934.
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Перші нетрадиційні духовні культи (секти) почали з’являтися в СРСР у період перебудови. З розпадом Союзу і культурним хаосом, що охопив країну, ситуація значно погіршилась. На території України розпочали діяльність різного роду месії і пророки, які не завжди мали позитивні наміри. Яскравим прикладом цього можуть бути події 10 листопада 1993 р., коли близько сотні членів релігійного руху “Юсмалос”, відомого як “Біле Братство”, на чолі зі своїми
духовними лідерами захопили державний музей – храм Святої Софії в Києві, щоб очікувати кінця світу, який відповідно до їхнього світорозуміння, був призначений на 24 листопада 1993 року. Метою членів братства було зачинитися в храмі та здійснити самоспалення. Масовому самогубству вдалося запобігти лише завдяки втручанню правоохоронців.
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Sojka, Al Hamede Ann-Sofie, and Elisabeth Lindqvist. "Barn och unga i sekter ur ett perspektiv av hederskultur." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42964.
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The aim of this essay was to investigate children's and young people's living conditions within sects and within honor culture, and to examine similarities and differences between children's vulnerability within a context of sect and a context of honor. This was done by performing an analysis of two journalistic books that depict experiences based on both contexts. The method chosen was a qualitative content analysis of the text told by women who grew up in a culture of honor or in a sect. The aim was also to examine the efforts of social work and BRIS digital communication platform based on the vulnerability of children and young people in both sects and in honor culture. Two digital communication platforms were analyzed with the help of text analysis. Erving Goffman's concept stigma was used to gain an understanding of the deviant individual. The findings of the essay showed that norm-breaking behavior led to sanctions and punishment. The prevalence of different types of violence such as psychological violence, physical violence and sexual violence were found. Michel Foucault's concepts of self-discipline and punishment could explain how groups exercise punishment in the hope of individuals obedience. Pierre Bourdieu's concept of symbolic violence was used to explain the different expressions of violence and to understand male dominance in the two contexts highlighted in this essay. The largest similarities that the findings showed were the exposure to physical and psychological violence and social control. The women's stories also manifested a fear of talking about what they experienced as children. Punishments of norm-breaking behavior could mean shunning and exclusion from the group. Distinctive values regarding virginity occurred in both contexts although consequences of not following the norms in a context of honor could result in gruesome punishments. One difference between expressed vulnerability in both contexts was the focus on demons and the devil from a context of sect, which did not occur in the stories from an honor culture. A second difference was who perpetrated the violence. Within stories from sects, it was clearer that the family and the group had the role of the punisher, while in an honor context it was the family and relatives. The fear of losing God or being punished to death by the same was recurring in stories from sects, while the fear in an honor context was mainly about losing the reputation and, by extension, the person's honor.
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Broy, Nikolas. "Die religiöse Praxis der Zhaijiao („Vegetarische Sekten“) in Taiwan." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-138361.
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Die Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit drei Religionsgemeinschaften in Taiwan, die spätestens seit der japanischen Kolonialzeit (1895-1945) unter der Bezeichnung „vegetarische Sekten“ (Zhaijiao) klassifiziert werden. Auffälligstes Merkmal dieser Gruppen war und ist das der Mahāyāna-buddhistischen Tradition entlehnte Gebot vegetarischer Ernährung. Während sich der chinesische Mönchsorden von Beginn an Anfeindungen ausgesetzt sah, welche die tatsächliche Befolgung des vegetarischen Gebots in Frage stellten, waren es oft nicht-monastische Gruppierungen außerhalb des klerikalen Machtmonopols, welche dieses und andere Gebote scheinbar viel strikter befolgten. Zu diesem Kreis „außerbuddhistischer Buddhisten“ zählen die in dieser Studie untersuchten Religionsgemeinschaften Longhuapai („Sekte der Drachenblume“), Xiantianpai („Sekte des früheren Himmels“) und Jintongpai („Sekte des Goldwimpels“), die generisch als Zhaijiao bezeichnet werden. Diese drei ursprünglich vom chinesischen Festland stammenden Traditionen werden heute zumeist als laienbuddhistische Vereinigungen angesehen, teilen aber eine Geschichte, die weit über die Grenzen des „orthodoxen“ und distinkten Buddhismus hinausgeht. In ihnen verschmelzen nicht nur buddhistische und daoistische Elemente sowie Vorstellungen und Praktiken der kommunalen Volksreligiosität. Sie stehen auch in ungebrochener Tradition mit volksreligiösen Sekten der späten Ming- (1368-1644) und frühen Qing-Zeit (1644-1911).
Während die religiösen Vorstellungen und sozialen Organisationsformen der seit der Ming-Zeit entstandenen volksreligiösen Sekten – in deren Tradition die Zhaijiao Taiwans stehen – durch das Studium schriftlicher Quellen bereits recht gut bekannt sind, ist ihre religiöse Praxis hingegen bisher kaum erforscht. Die Dissertation unternimmt daher den Versuch, einen Beitrag dazu zu leisten, diese Lücke zu schließen. Sie hat es sich zum Ziel gemacht, die religiöse Praxis der vegetarischen Sekten im heutigen Taiwan zu analysieren und sie vor dem Hintergrund ihrer historischen Entwicklung einzuordnen. „Religiöse Praxis“ fungiert dabei als Oberbegriff für alles soziale und individuelle Sichverhalten in einem religiösen Feld und schließt damit sowohl hochgradig standardisiertes, formelles und vorgeprägtes Handeln (z.B. Rituale), als auch Formen religiös geprägter Lebensführung ein.
Die religiöse Praxis der Zhaijiao wird dabei erstmals einer ausführlichen diachronen Untersuchung unterzogen, die von den ältesten Erwähnungen im 16. Jahrhundert bis in die Gegenwart des frühen 21. Jahrhunderts reicht. Ein zentrales Element besteht dabei in der Verknüpfung von Feldforschung und dem Studium literarischer Quellen, welche es ermöglicht, einerseits historische Veränderungen zu erkennen und andererseits die historischen Quellen vor dem Hintergrund empirischer Beobachtungen besser zu verstehen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde im Jahr 2010 eine Erhebung von Primärdaten im Zuge einer Feldforschung durchgeführt, die sich insgesamt über sieben Monate erstreckte und in der 31 Gemeinden in ganz Taiwan besucht wurden. Erst mit diesen vor Ort gewonnenen Daten über das religiöse Leben der Zhaijiao-Anhänger in ihrem „natürlichen Umfeld“ können die spärlichen Informationen, die aus historischen Quellen und bisherigen Forschungsarbeiten gewonnen werden konnten, in einen lebensweltlichen Kontext eingebettet und interpretiert werden.
Die heutigen Zhaijiao in Taiwan tragen als Abkömmlinge festlandchinesischer Sekten der Ming- und Qing-Zeit ein tief verwurzeltes historisches Erbe in sich. Dies besteht nicht nur aus jahrhundertealten Texten, die noch immer gedruckt, gelesen und rituell benutzt werden. Auch die religiöse Vorstellungswelt und Praxis nährt sich weiterhin aus dieser Tradition. Auf der anderen Seite erlebte Taiwan im vergangenen Jahrhundert infolge von Modernisierung, Verwestlichung, Urbanisierung usw. erhebliche politische und gesellschaftliche Umwälzungen, die auf die Entwicklung der Zhaijiao einen nachhaltigen Einfluss ausübten. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser zum Teil gegenläufigen Entwicklungen soll nach dem Verhältnis von Kontinuität und Wandel der Zhaijiao gefragt werden: Wie haben sich die kulturell eher konservativ und traditionell eingestellten Sekten unter den Bedingungen einer modernen und demokratischen Gesellschaft entwickelt und möglicherweise verändert?
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Kallaris, Micaela, and Serap Terzioğlu. "Varför människan ansluter till en sekt: En kvalitativ studie." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-40417.
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Significant and influential sociologist Max Weber was one of the earliest scientists to conduct studies and establish a definition of a sect. The main characteristic of a sect is a religious and rebellious movement that defies the current and ruling societal norms and values. The study examines three focal points through a qualitative method with a deductive approach; how research defines sects, psychological factors that encourage an individual to pursue a membership and the recruitment process.Using empirical data collected from two documentaries; Jonestown: Terror in the jungle and Wild Wild Country, a total of 9 hours 19 minutes of empirical data have been processed in order to critically review sects. Results demonstrated that members who seek out sects come from a wide range of social classes and backgrounds. The common denominator is the pursuit of safety, love and community in a bid to fulfill a void and feelings of meaningless brought on by hard times. Previous members of sects describe a wide range of factors, such as marital problems, a modernized world, war, poverty and racial tensions. The weakened state of the individual during difficult times is used and exploited by members of a sect in order to attract a new member.
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Suding, Stephen J. "Maintaining creative tension between local and universal poles of relevance missiological implications of the history of Kimbanguism /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Lippert, Jordan. "From Profane to Divine: The Hegemonic Appropriation of Pagan Imagery into Eastern Christian Hymnody." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/151.
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Spanning the first seven centuries of Christianity, this paper explores how Eastern Christian and Byzantine hymn chant was developed alongside pagan and Jewish worship traditions around the Near East. Comparison of hymns by Christian composers such as St. Romanos the Melodist and pagan poetry reveals many similarities in the types of metaphorical imagery used in both religious expressions. Common in Christian hymn texts, well-known metaphors, like the “Light of God,” are juxtaposed with pagan mythological gods, such as Apollo and Helios. This paper attempts to explain how and why Christians appropriated and adopted ancient pagan imagery into the burgeoning musical tradition of Christian hymn singing.
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Rova, Amos. "Glöm Allt Du Lärt Dig Förut : En Religionpsykologisk studie om förändrade upplevda Gudsrelationer och det psykiska välmåendet bland före detta sektmedlemmar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444135.
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The idea of sects has been something observed from a distance, which creates a mystery regarding what occurs in these selective religious groups. In today's media cults is often depicted as mystic groups, but is that a correct portrayal of cults, or is in fact misleading? The purpose of this thesis is to create an overview regarding the mental health by former sect members by the usage of Heider Fritz interpretation of attribution theory. The issue that will be leading this thesis is “How can attribution theory be used to understand sect defectors regarding their mental health?”. This work will be analysed with thematic analysis, due to it being more fitting, regarding to the material based on peoples own stories about their experiences, as well as the usage of theory functioning like framework while reading and later analysing the material. The theory that will function as a base for the work is as mentioned, Attribution theory describe people under the impression that events outside of logical explanation is caused by God. In a religious perspective the roles between God and humans are mentioned several times throughout the Bible. The result of this thesis shows that people in Swedish sects develop mental illness due to the strict image of God and the pressure put on members by parish leaders, that functions as a form om degradation. Although it is important to underline that one cannot generalize the members of a sect, due to the complex individuality prerequisites that each person obtain. The prerequisites vary from person to person and therefore establish the psyche of every individual and the risk of developing a mental illness.<br><p>På grund av Covid-19 har opponeringen av uppsatsen skett utanför universitetes lokaler, via Zoom</p>
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Sullivan, Steven Paul. "Design and evaluation of a college theological course on the false doctrines and practices of the Word of Faith Movement." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.
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Delphin, Andreas. "Holy Warriors of the Caliphate : Stroke of illogical fanatism or religious nationalism?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53014.
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The Islamic State continuously, and successfully, recruits new members from all over the world. Although portrayed by the media as poverty-stricken, ranging in lonely individuals lacking education, these members are individuals who often lead normal lives with good economic and social standing as well as a high level of education. This thesis take us on a new recruits journey from conscription to warfare. Trying to discern the core reasons behind why someone joins, conforms and fights for a modern day Caliphate produce the concept of a typical Islamic State recruit. Among the findings is the revelation that the recruits, self-perceived socio-economic status, is a major factor when combined with the possibility of great social rewards and a sense of importance and belonging. An individual who has been recruited, then, chose to stay in the organisation based on loyalty, dependence and conformity. Finally; the thesis uncover the reasons why the incumbents take up arms to defend the prescribed ideological beliefs. Beliefs that rests on a solid religious foundation. The member feels his or her ideology to be under attack — and anew — will take up arms to defend that what is believed to be true. Based on the study we can conclude that the final stage of the individual members journey is based on a kind of nationalistic view of the Caliphate and the importance of Islamic supremacy.
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Slivkoff, Paulina Matvei. "The formation and contestation of Molokan identities and communities : the Australian experience." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0084.
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[Truncated abstract] Molokans are a Russian sectarian community that has been a transnational diasporic community since their exile from southern Russia in 1839. During the 1839 exodus they were relocated to Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. These countries make up a region referred to by Molokans as Transcaucasia located in and around the Caucasus Mountains. A further migration to Turkmenistan followed in 1889. Since that time, Molokans have settled in Iran, the United States of America, Mexico, Australia and Brazil. The colonies in Brazil and Mexico have disbanded with members re-joining Molokan communities in the United States of America and Australia. The communities remain in contact with one another and with various Molokan communities still existing in the Russian Soviet Socialist Federal Republic. Molokans are characterised by a religious structure of lay ministers and elders in a traditional, patriarchal social community. They are a collectivity of churches (there is no hierarchy between the churches) and sub-groups who practise varying degrees of adherence to Molokan dogma. They are a millenarian, charismatic religious community similar to Pentecostals and Anabaptists with the exception that they have ceased to evangelise and have become ‘closed’ communities practising endogamy. Given their closed structure, relatively little is known about this group in mainstream society . . . Spirituality, in the form of prophecy, healing, and the shared expression of religious ecstasy (rejoicing in the Holy Spirit) provides a sense of communitas that helps to bind the communities. Persecution in Russia and in the United States of America promoted mistrust of outsiders and contributed to the closure of social boundaries. Interventionist and reform activities in both Russia and the United States of America reinforced the belief that social closure was the only way to maintain cultural continuity. Their shared history of migration and persecution contributes to the building of a core community identity.
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Kacarab, Katherine Elizabeth. "A Burkean analysis of Jehovah's Witness apocalyptic rhetoric." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3315.
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This thesis uses principles from Burke's Rhetoric of Identification to examine how apocalyptic prophecies foster and maintain an apocalyptic group identity. Jehovah's Witnesses were used as a sample apocalyptic group because they comprise a group with a heavy textual and symbolic focus on the apocalypse.
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Beltrán, Cely William Mauricio. "Pluralisation religieuse et changement social en Colombie." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00832693.
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Bien que la Colombie ait longtemps été dominée par une culture catholique conservatrice, elle expérimente aujourd'hui une transformation rapide de son univers religieux. Ce processus est caractérisé par l'entrée en scène d'une multitude de nouvelles organisations religieuses. La présente étude vise à comprendre à la fois les causes de ce processus, et ses effets dans d'autres champs sociaux, notamment les champs politique et culturel. Cette recherche a été guidée par de nombreuses questions : Quelles ont pu être les causes du processus de pluralisation religieuse, et quels sont les facteurs - économiques, politiques, démographiques, culturels - qui lui sont associés ? Comment se manifeste la pluralisation religieuse dans les contextes ruraux, urbains et indigènes ? Quel a été l'impact de la pluralisation religieuse dans les champs culturel et politique ? La présente thèse cherche à établir la sécularisation et la modernisation de la société colombienne comme les principales causes de la pluralisation religieuse. Cette pluralisation suit les affinités et les inerties culturelles : la plupart des fidèles qui désertent l'Église catholique émigrent vers des mouvements religieux similaires ou analogues, principalement au bénéfice du mouvement pentecôtiste. La pluralisation religieuse favorise la montée en puissance d'entrepreneurs religieux indépendants de type charismatique. Les leaders religieux qui réussissent le mieux voient dans le capital religieux accumulé un capital rentable dans d'autres champs sociaux, en particulier le champ politique. Ainsi, la pluralisation religieuse a ouvert les portes du pouvoir politique à de nouveaux acteurs sociaux.
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Béguin, Daniel. "Introduction, édition, traduction et commentaire du "De sectis ad introducendos" de Galien et du "De optima secta" du pseudo-Galien." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040043.
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Dans son opuscule "Sur les sectes aux étudiants", Galien dit que trois sectes se sont constituées en médecine. Les empiriques observent les phénomènes et recourent à l'expérience ; les dogmatiques (ou logiques) raisonnent sur les causes ; les méthodiques raisonnent sur les "communautés" d'affections, qui sont apparentes, Galien expose la doctrine empirique, puis dogmatique, et montre que les deux sectes se disputent sur la théorie mais s'accordent sur la pratique en revanche, les méthodiques bouleversent dangereusement la médecine par leur incompétence. Lors d'un concours dans un théâtre fictif, le méthodique est réfuté par l'empirique, dont l'argumentation est complétée par le dogmatique qui conclut en exprimant les idées de Galien. Le traité "De la meilleure secte" est un faux composé de trois sections. La première, d'origine pneumatique, parle du théorème médical et de ses trois critères de vérité ; le deuxième, d'apparence éclectique, présente les convergences et les divergences entre les sectes ; le troisième, d'origine logique, réfute les empiriques, puis les méthodiques, pour montrer que la meilleure secte est la logique<br>In his essay "On the sects for beginners", Galen said three sects were formed in medicine. The empiricists observed natural phenomena and tried to resort to personal experience; the dogmatists -also called logicians) reasoned about causes ; the methodists reasoned about some apparent "communities" of diseases. After explaining the empirical and dogmatic doctrines, Galen showed that both sects were in opposition as far as theory was concerned but agreed on practice. Unlike them, the methodists who were incompetent physicians, were a threat to the medical field by their dangerous practices. During an imaginary contest in a theatre, after the methodist speaker was refuted by the empiricist, the dogmatist completed the argumentation of his colleague and closed discussion by expressing Galen's ideas. The treatise "on the best sect" is a forged work composed of three sections. The first of them, written by a pneumatist, discusses the medical theorem and its three criteria of truth. The second, apparently written by an eclectic physician, explains the shared and particular views of all the sects. The third, written by a logician, disproves the empirical and methodist doctrines, in order to prove the logic sect to be the best
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Louveau, Frédérique. "Sukyo Mahikari dans tous ses états, du Japon à l'Afrique : étude comparative de l'implantation d'un "nouveau mouvement religieux" japonais dans l'espace franco-africain (France-Sénégal-Côte-d'Ivoire-Bénin)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0399.
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Sukyo Mahikari est né en 1959, dans un Japon en plein boom économique et s'exporta rapidement à travers le monde. Cette thèse analyse les conditions de réussite de l'implantation transnationale de ce "Nouveau Mouvement Religieux" japonais, dans l'espace franco-africain. En procédant à une enquête multi-sites, en France, au sénégal, en Côte-d'Ivoire et au Bénin, et en mobilisant la méthode comparative, nous avons interrogé le sens de la présence d'un tel mouvement dans les différents pays ainsi que les raisons de l'adhésion de populations dont le profil sociologique, caractérisé par l'élitisme, est similaire. Cinq unités de comparaison ont été éxaminées: premièrement, l'étude des conditions d'apparition de Sukyo Mahikari dans son contexte d'origine et de sa réception en France et en Afrique, deuxièmement, l'étude des caractéristiques de la création d'un espace sacré local négocié avec la structure globale. Troisièmement, l'appropriation symbolique par les adeptes locaux d'appartenances religieuses différentes redéfinissant des aires culturelles à travers des logiques symboliques, quatrièmement, l'expression locale du sens des rituels liés à la purification du corps (okiyome) des individus dans des contextes où ses représentations révèlent des singularités, donnant accès aux critiques implicites des adeptes vis-à-vis de la société moderne et de la croissance économique, et les façons de gérer ces contradictions. Et cinquièmement, les actions réalisées dans l'espace public et l'expression des représentations du monde engendrées par cette adhésion tant au niveau local qu'au niveau international<br>Sukyo Mahikari was born in 1959, when Japan was in full economic boom and has been exported quickly throughout the world. This thesis analyzes the conditions of success of the transnational establishment of this "new Religious Movement" Japanese in Franco-American space. While proceeding to an multi-sited investigation, in France, in Senegal, in Ivory Coast and Benin, and by mobilizing the comparative method, we questioned the sitting of such a movement in the various countries as well as the reasons of the adhesion of populations whose sociological profile, characterized by the elitism, is similar. Five comparing units were examined: firstly, the study of the conditions of appearance of Sukyo Mahikari in its context of origin and its reception in France and Africa, secondly, the study of the characteristics of the creation of a local crowned space negotiated with the global structure. Thirdly, the appropriation of the symbolic system by local followers of different religious memberships redefining cultural areas through symbolics logics, fourthly, the local expression of the meaning of the rituals related to the purification of the body (okiyome) of the individuals in contexts where their representations reveal singularities, giving access to implicit criticisms of the followers towards the modern society and the economic growth, and the ways of managing these contradictions. And fifthly, actions carried out in public space and the expression of the representations of the world generated by this adhesion as well at the local level as with the international level
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Noble, Sandra Eleanor. "Maya seats and Maya seats-of-authority." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ38950.pdf.
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Saker, Christopher J. "Unavoidable sets and aperiodic unavoidable sets." Thesis, University of Essex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397737.
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Scheuren, Acevedo Sonia M. "The Opposition to Latin American Liberation Theology and the Transformation of Christianity, 1960-1990." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2454.
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This thesis aims to explore the political, social and religious opposition to Liberation Theology in Latin America during the 1960s to 1990s, and the transformation of Christianity. During this period, most Latin American countries underwent social struggles and political repression in which opposition and persecution arose from dictatorial and military governments who labeled those committed to the poor as communists. Liberation Theology emerged as an ecclesial and theological trend committed to the poor, in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s in Latin America. This thesis traces the origins, development, expansion and repression of Liberation Theology. This work maintains that under the Cold War context and the National Security Doctrine, Liberation Theology became a target of political repression because its commitment with the poor placed it as subversive and communist. This research reveals how it was repressed with violence and the promotion of counteracting religious groups, leading to changes in Christianity.
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Badin, de Montjoye Béatrice Anne. "Au-delà du diagnostic : Etude de la personnalité de trois fondateurs de secte à travers leur discours." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11061.
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Geiger, Kari J. "How You Have Fallen: Exploring the Benevolence of an Early Christian God as Seen Through a Progressively Embodied Satan." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/263.
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This paper attempts to explore the creation of Satan as an embodiment of evil in Early Christian theodicy. I use Greco-Roman myth and the Old Testament Book of Job to explore "duality," a system in which good and evil are encapsulated in gods or God. I attempt to trace the trajectory of a shift from this duality to a system of Christian cosmic "dualism," in which good and evil are separated as opposing forces. This shift is explored through the intertestamental Pseudepigrapha of 1 Enoch and Jubilees, towards the New Testament story of the Temptation of Christ in Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Finally, exploring post-New Testament Christian ideas with Origen's seminal work On First Principles and the martyr text of Perpetua to investigate the Early Christian community's ideas of good, God, evil, and Satan.
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Andersson, Anna, and Åsa Wallin. "Modularised Passenger Seats." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10324.
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<p>The purpose with this master’s thesis, with Scania CV AB in Södertälje as job initiator, has been to develop three different passenger seat concepts with focus on modularisation, functionality and production. The different concepts are: a foldable passenger seat, which is possible to fold away completely, a bench for two passengers, and a resting seat for resting during breaks when the vehicle is parked.</p><p>The main tools used during the search for concept solutions have been brainstorming, morphological analyses, and evaluation matrixes. Prototypes have been made in order to visualise the ideas but also for the possibility to test them in a real truck cabin and by that find advantages but also flaws. Final product specifications has been made and with that guidelines for a continued development work.</p><p>Experiences gained during this thesis work has been that by using ergonomic data and theories, well thought through designs, and standardised interfaces a good result can be achieved, which fulfils the demands and wishes placed on the future product.</p>
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Scoville, André Luiz Martins Lopez de. "Literatura das secas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/26633.
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Resumo: Neste estudo sobre a literatura das secas, é proposto um diálogo entre discursos ficcionais e não ficcionais, em especial entre a Literatura e a História, a partir da percepção de que a seca é um fenômeno climático e social. O trabalho abrange uma revisão conceitual sobre a literatura das secas, bem como sobre os termos “Nordeste” e “sertão” que a ela estão diretamente associados. Com base nos resultados obtidos, é realizado levantamento e análise de um conjunto de obras literárias em que se figuram as secas nordestinas. Nessa análise, são também confrontadas as perspectivas literárias sobre as secas com aquelas encontradas em textos técnicos e históricos. Sob a tentativa de se balizar a variedade de perspectivas sobre a seca, são abordados alguns temas e elementos recorrentes na literatura das secas, com ênfase nos personagens retirantes e nas migrações cujo ponto de origem é o sertão nordestino.
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Duvert, Cyrille. "Sectes et droit /." Aix-en-Provence : Presses Univ. d'Aix-Marseille, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/479629412.pdf.
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Duvert, Cyrille Terré François. "Sectes et droit /." Aix-en-Provence : Presses universitaires d'Aix-Marseille-PUAM, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39256878k.
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Duvert, Cyrille. "Sectes et droit." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020035.
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Pour repondre aux questions que les sectes peuvent poser au juriste, l'etude aborde les relations entre sectes et droit sous l'angle de la reaction du droit au phenomene, dans un premier temps, puis sous celui de l'utilisation du droit par les sectes et leurs opposants, dans un second temps. La reaction du droit est analysee a travers trois themes. Celui de la liberte individuelle montre que l'engagement dans une secte, loin de reveler l'abolition de la volonte individuelle de l'adepte, en est au contraire une manifestation. Le droit ne peut alors controler ce type d'engagement. Un controle indirect et a posteriori apparait neanmoins par le biais du contentieux du divorce et de l'autorite parentale, par lequel les juges apprecient les consequences concretes de l'engagement et dessinent ainsi progressivement un standard de l'activite religieuse "normale". Le theme de la sante est aborde sous deux angles : celui des pratiques therapeutiques paralleles, a l'examen desquelles on s'appercoit que le droit penal accueille, dans certaines circonstances, ces pratiques medico-religieuses ; celui du refus de la medecine, qui revele egalement une certaine souplesse du droit. Le theme de l'argent, enfin, montre que celui que versent les adeptes a leurs mouvements ne fait pas necessairement tomber ces derniers sous le coup de l'escroquerie. Au plan civil, la theorie des vices du consentement, ainsi que d'autres dispositions du code civil se revelent egalement improprres a rendre compte des rapports financiers qui s'etablissent entre les sectes et leurs adeptes. Pour decrire l'utilisation du droit par les sectes et leurs opposants, l'etude s'attache ensuite a souligner l'existence d'une forme d'opposition specifique aux sectes, les objectifs de celle-ci ainsi que les moyens dont elle se dote. Apres avoir montre que le recours au droit joue, quoique de maniere ambigue, un role fondamental dans les accusations dont peuvent faire l'objet les sectes, l'etude decrit les strategies juridiques developpees par ces dernieres.
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Vitória, Aida. "Reasoning with Rough Sets and Paraconsistent Rough Sets." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tekniska högskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-60794.
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This thesis presents an approach to knowledge representation combining rough sets and para-consistent logic programming. The rough sets framework proposes a method to handle a specific type of uncertainty originating from the fact that an agent may perceive different objects of the universe as being similar, although they may have di®erent properties. A rough set is then defined by approximations taking into account the similarity between objects. The number of applications and the clear mathematical foundation of rough sets techniques demonstrate their importance. Most of the research in the rough sets field overlooks three important aspects. Firstly, there are no established techniques for defining rough concepts (sets) in terms of other rough concepts and for reasoning about them. Secondly, there are no systematic methods for integration of domain and expert knowledge into the definition of rough concepts. Thirdly, some additional forms of uncertainty are not considered: it is assumed that knowledge about similarities between objects is precise, while in reality it may be incomplete and contradictory; and, for some objects there may be no evidence about whether they belong to a certain concept. The thesis addresses these problems using the ideas of paraconsistent logic programming, a recognized technique which makes it possible to represent inconsistent knowledge and to reason about it. This work consists of two parts, each of which proposes a di®erent language. Both languages cater for the definition of rough sets by combining lower and upper approximations and boundaries of other rough sets. Both frameworks take into account that membership of an object into a concept may be unknown. The fundamental difference between the languages is in the treatment of similarity relations. The first language assumes that similarities between objects are represented by equivalence relations induced from objects with similar descriptions in terms of a given number of attributes. The second language allows the user to define similarity relations suitable for the application in mind and takes into account that similarity between objects may be imprecise. Thus, four-valued similarity relations are used to model indiscernibility between objects, which give rise to rough sets with four-valued approximations, called paraconsistent rough sets. The semantics of both languages borrows ideas and techniques used in paraconsistent logic programming. Therefore, a distinctive feature of our work is that it brings together two major fields, rough sets and paraconsistent logic programming.
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Liu, Kan. "Divisible difference sets and difference sets from cyclotomy /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488187049541478.
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