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Journal articles on the topic 'Secular contributions'
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Somerville-Wong, Anastasia E. "Secular Liturgies." Secular Studies 1, no. 2 (October 10, 2019): 229–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25892525-00102005.
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Abstract This paper, by the founder of the UK based Secular Liturgies Network and Forum, explores the concept and purpose of secular liturgy, and the potential for liturgical events in modern secular societies. It examines the practice of writing secular liturgy, discusses potential contributions from atheists, agnostics, humanists and religious progressives, and considers the new pastoral roles that may evolve alongside a secular liturgies movement. The author argues that secular liturgies and liturgical events have the potential to enrich secular culture, nurture community, facilitate healthy social interaction, advance ethical thought, promote creative writing and other arts, and galvanise people in their efforts towards sustainability and the creation of cultures and environments of health.
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Johnston, M. J. S., S. A. Silverman, R. J. Mueller, and K. S. Breckenridge. "Secular variation, crustal contributions, and tectonic activity in California, 1976-1984." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 90, B10 (September 10, 1985): 8707–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb090ib10p08707.
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Anić, Jadranka Rebeka, and Zilka Spahić Šiljak. "Secularisation of Religion as the Source of Religious Gender Stereotypes." Feminist Theology 28, no. 3 (May 2020): 264–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966735020906949.
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Secular–religious dichotomy has been criticised in discourse on secularisation theory as well as in discussions of the relationship between secular and religious feminism. Feminist theorists have criticised the secular–religious divide of feminism for overlooking facts such as the inherent gendering of this dichotomy, the participation of women believers in the gender equality movement since its inception, and the contributions of feminist theologians and gender studies scholars who use their respective religious traditions as a basis for gender egalitarianism. This article will criticise secular–religious dichotomy for overlooking the fact that secular, rather than religious, principles underlie gender stereotypes. Namely, Christian and Islamic theological anthropology has accepted philosophical postulates regarding the nature of women and used them to build models of subordination and complementarity of gender relations, thereby neglecting the egalitarian anthropology that can be developed based on the holy scriptures of both traditions. One of the challenges in exploring the secular-religious dichotomy can be found in the anti-gender movement in which believers join secular organizations and use secular discourse to advocate and preserve gender stereotypes.
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Bowman, Jonathan. "Extending Habermas and Ratzinger's Dialectics of Secularization: Eastern Discursive Influences on Faith and Reason in a Postsecular Age." Forum Philosophicum 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2009): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/forphil.2009.1401.03.
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In the unlikely confluence of two colossal intellectual heritages, neo-Kantian Jürgen Habermas and Catholic prelate Joseph Ratzinger agree that we have entered a post-secular age. For both, the inauguration of such an age entails skepticism towards absolutist science and a growing recognition of the contributions of spiritual worldviews to social solidarity. Following their call for a multifaceted purification in the West whereby secular and religious commitments are subjected to mutual critique, I explore potential Eastern contributions to this process by providing a micro-analysis of the interaction of discursive subjects in three traditions: for Confucianism, the rectification of names; Taoism, truth disclosure; and Buddhism, right speech.
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Turaeva, Rano, and Michael Brose. "Halal Markets in non-Muslim Secular Societies." Sociology of Islam 8, no. 3-4 (December 10, 2020): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131418-08030001.
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Abstract The introduction to the special issue discusses the important aspects of the studies of Halal markets in non-Muslim countries and outlines the contributions of the special issue. It also provides a general theoretical outline to bring the articles of the issue together which also offers a starting point for further discussions about sociological and anthropological studies of Halal economies. The major focus within our discussion of halal practices and definitions of halal is on the moral and rational reasoning behind halal marketing and consumption. These questions open more space for further interpretation of halal in secular contexts.
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KODZI, IVY A., STEPHEN OBENG GYIMAH, JACQUES B. EMINA, and ALEX C. EZEH. "Understanding ageing in sub-Saharan Africa: exploring the contributions of religious and secular social involvement to life satisfaction." Ageing and Society 31, no. 3 (November 26, 2010): 455–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x10001005.
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ABSTRACTRapid urbanisation in sub-Saharan Africa is believed to have weakened the traditional family ties which sustained older people in the past, but there is little empirical evidence about how older people today perceive their ageing experience in sub-Saharan Africa. The international gerontology literature demonstrates that, apart from financial wellbeing and health status, religious and secular forms of social involvement are key predictors of life satisfaction in older ages. No formal analysis, however, exists on the effects of religious and non-religious social involvement on the subjective wellbeing of older people in sub-Saharan nations. This study sought to fill this gap by examining the relationship between religious identity, religiosity, and secular social engagement using survey data from a sample of 2,524 men and women aged 50 or more years living in informal settlements of Nairobi City. We found significant differences in life satisfaction between Moslems, Catholics and non-Catholic Christians. Secular social support, personal sociability and community participation had positive effects on subjective wellbeing. In this context, we also observed that next to health status, the social involvement of older people was very important for life satisfaction.
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Fox, Jonathan. "The Secular-Religious Competition Perspective in Comparative Perspective." Politics and Religion 12, no. 3 (June 17, 2019): 524–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175504831900018x.
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AbstractPolitical secularism is defined as “an ideology or set of beliefs advocating that religion ought to be separate from all or some aspects of politics or public life (or both).” In the secular–religious competition perspective, I argue that political secularists compete with religious political actors to influence government policy around the world. Yet this competition is complicated by many factors. The contributions to this symposium demonstrate that this is the case in their examination of secular–religious tensions and state–religion relations in Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Turkey, and Tunisia. These cases show that government religion policy evolves over time and is deeply influenced by secular–religious competition but that this competition is a complex one involving many other factors and influences.
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Silva, Kalinga Tudor. "Secular State and the ‘Religious Left’: Navayana Buddhism and Dr Ambedkar’s Vision for the Future of Democracy in South Asia." Journal of Social Inclusion Studies 6, no. 2 (December 2020): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2394481121995955.
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In the light of ongoing debates about secular state and religious right in India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar, this article examines the intellectual contribution of Dr B. R. Ambedkar towards sustaining democracy in South Asia. His critical contributions included non-violent mobilisation of Dalits and adivasis around their human rights, identity, citizenship and religious faith. Most importantly, he argued that democratic values of equality, liberty and fraternity are not only of European origin but also have roots in South Asia, particularly within the Buddhist tradition. The article reflects on Ambedkar’s politics, social philosophy and contribution to the formation of ‘religious left’ and the process of progressive democratic change via Navayana Buddhism.
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Lerner, Natan. "Do Religion and Human Rights Interact?" International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 15, no. 2-3 (2008): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181108x332677.
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AbstractThe two reviewed books belong to a series of “Studies in Religion, Secular Beliefs and Human Rights” published by Martinus Nijhoff. Both constitute a significant contribution to the literature on religion and human rights that developed in the last decade, after many years of neglect of the subject. Both are collective books and the outcome of international conferences. They deal with diverse aspects of the interaction between religion and human rights and international law. A recurrent question is to what extent has religion influenced human rights or if these are a post World War II and post-Holocaust phenomenon, strictly secular. Does God Believe in Human Rights? contains an introduction and 14 essays. The volume Religion, Human Rights and International Law is subtitled A Critical Examination of Islamic State Practices, a subject to which a considerable part of the volume is devoted. It contains 18 individual contributions, in addition to introductory reflections by the editors.
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Barrois, O., N. Gillet, and J. Aubert. "Contributions to the geomagnetic secular variation from a reanalysis of core surface dynamics." Geophysical Journal International 211, no. 1 (July 10, 2017): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggx280.
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Presbey, Gail. "Sophie Olúwọlé's Major Contributions to African Philosophy." Hypatia 35, no. 2 (2020): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hyp.2020.6.
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AbstractThis article provides an overview of the contributions to philosophy of Nigerian philosopher Sophie Bọ´sẹ`dé Olúwọlé (1935–2018). The first woman to earn a philosophy PhD in Nigeria, Olúwọlé headed the Department of Philosophy at the University of Lagos before retiring to found and run the Centre for African Culture and Development. She devoted her career to studying Yoruba philosophy, translating the ancient Yoruba Ifá canon, which embodies the teachings of Orunmila, a philosopher revered as an Óríṣá in the Ifá pantheon. Seeing his works as examples of secular reasoning and argument, she compared Orunmila's and Socrates' philosophies and methods and explored similarities and differences between African and European philosophies. A champion of African oral traditions, Olúwọlé argued that songs, proverbs, liturgies, and stories are important sources of African responses to perennial philosophical questions as well as to contemporary issues, including feminism. She argued that the complementarity that ran throughout Yoruba philosophy guaranteed women's rights and status, and preserved an important role for women, youths, and foreigners in politics.
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Knight, Mark. "The Limits of Orthodoxy in a Secular Age: The Strange Case of Marie Corelli." Nineteenth-Century Literature 73, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 379–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2018.73.3.379.
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Mark Knight, “The Limits of Orthodoxy in a Secular Age: The Strange Case of Marie Corelli” (pp. 379–398) This essay explores the eclectic spirituality of the late-nineteenth-writer Marie Corelli, with specific reference to her fiction. I look to her first novel, A Romance of Two Worlds (1886), as a case study with which to explore the relationship between Christian orthodoxy and heterodoxy in a secular age. In doing so, I draw on recent theoretical contributions to our understanding of the sacred and the secular in the late nineteenth century, and I question the tendency of many critics to presume that Corelli’s interest in spirituality has little or nothing to do with Christianity. Corelli wrote that her “creed has its foundation in Christ alone,” and although there are good reasons for investigating that claim more closely, these investigations do not have to result in a secular reading and/or an interpretation that breaks from Christianity. By situating Corelli’s fiction within the Christian tradition, I show how she helps us rethink the way in which we draw and redraw the boundaries of religious belief at the fin de siècle.
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O’Sullivan, Dominic. "Reconciliation: The Political Theological Nexus in Australasian Indigenous Public Policy." International Journal of Public Theology 4, no. 4 (2010): 426–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156973210x526409.
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AbstractReconciliation brings together Christological and anthropological dimensions of human thought to illustrate the nexus between religious principles and political means. For the state reconciliation is concerned with social cohesion and political stability. For the church, it extends the sacramental notion of reconciliation between God and penitent to public relationships. This article examines Roman Catholic contributions to secular reconciliation debates. It shows how religious precepts create moral imperatives to engagement with secular discourses as a necessary element of Christian mission. It also argues that the church’s role in the disruption of indigenous societies creates an additional moral imperative to engage in reconciliation as mission and to articulate a Christian vision of indigenous rights.
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Maddox, Marion. "Religion, Secularism and the Promise of Public Theology." International Journal of Public Theology 1, no. 1 (2007): 82–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156973207x194501.
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AbstractThe phrase 'religion and politics' conjures unsettling images of fiery-eyed zealots, in Protestant America or the Muslim Middle-East. Such religiously-inspired political activity is usually assumed to be a feature of societies where religion is prominent in national and cultural life. The presumed antidote, particularly from a European point of view, has been secularization: surely, if people in general cared less about religion, religious politics would fade from public life and its threatened disruptions would disappear. This view rests too much on historical specificities. Very secular societies can foster their own varieties of religious extremism, entering the public square in ways which are covert rather than overt, but no less unsettling for that. Very secular societies also pose searching questions for those wishing to develop theologically-based contributions to such societies' public debate. What legitimacy can a theologically-based contribution claim where Christianity commands no automatic attention? How should theologically-grounded voices pitch themselves in order to be heard, without succumbing to either (a) nostalgia for a time when Christian/Christendom assumptions could enter the public sphere uncontested or (b) covert hegemonic aspirations? Recent Australian politics provides a case study of both pitfalls and prospects.
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MILES, JOHN. "On gravity-wave scattering by non-secular changes in depth." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 376 (December 10, 1998): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112098002900.
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The reflection of a straight-crested gravity wave by a non-secular perturbation h1(x) in depth relative to an otherwise flat bottom of depth h0 is calculated through an expansion in ε∝h1/h0. Explicit results are developed up to second order for the sinusoidal patch h1=−bsin(mπx/l), 0<x<l, and reduced for Bragg resonance. Trapped modes are absent at first order but appear at second order and contribute O(ε2)/O(ε3) to the maximum (Bragg-resonant) reflection coefficient for odd/even m. A third-order approximation that includes the dominant contributions of the third-order components of the resonant peak of the reflection coefficient for large m, but neglects the trapped modes, predicts resonant peaks that agree with the values measured by Davies & Heathershaw (1984).
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Hutchinson, Mark Peter. "A Presence in the West: Religious Contributions to the Secular Ideology of an Australian University." Journal of Religious History 37, no. 3 (July 5, 2013): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9809.2013.01238.x.
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Hilkert, Mary Catherine. "Edward Schillebeeckx, OP (1914-): Encountering God in a Secular and Suffering World." Theology Today 62, no. 3 (October 2005): 376–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004057360506200308.
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Throughout six decades as a theologian, Edward Schillebeeckx has attempted to interpret Christian faith in a credible way in the context of contemporary culture. After reviewing Schillebeeckx's early groundbreaking contributions to sacramental theology, this article highlights his turn to history in the mid-1960s, the hermeneutical and critical shifts in his theological method, his proposals for rethinking a theology of ministry, and the impact of his monumental christological trilogy. Pervading the shifts in Schillebeeckx's theology is the sacramental conviction that the mystery of God can be encountered in creation and human history, even in a secularized and suffering world.
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Rein, Hanno, Garett Brown, and Daniel Tamayo. "On the accuracy of symplectic integrators for secularly evolving planetary systems." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 490, no. 4 (October 21, 2019): 5122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2942.
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ABSTRACT Symplectic integrators have made it possible to study the long-term evolution of planetary systems with direct N-body simulations. In this paper we reassess the accuracy of such simulations by running a convergence test on 20 Myr integrations of the Solar System using various symplectic integrators. We find that the specific choice of metric for determining a simulation’s accuracy is important. Only looking at metrics related to integrals of motions such as the energy error can overestimate the accuracy of a method. As one specific example, we show that symplectic correctors do not improve the accuracy of secular frequencies compared to the standard Wisdom–Holman method without symplectic correctors, despite the fact that the energy error is three orders of magnitudes smaller. We present a framework to trace the origin of this apparent paradox to one term in the shadow Hamiltonian. Specifically, we find a term that leads to negligible contributions to the energy error but introduces non-oscillatory errors that result in artificial periastron precession. This term is the dominant error when determining secular frequencies of the system. We show that higher order symplectic methods such as the Wisdom–Holman method with a modified kernel or the SABAC family of integrators perform significantly better in secularly evolving systems because they remove this specific term.
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Franses, Rico. "Introduction to “Iconic Space and the Rule of Lands,” by Marie-José Mondzain." Hypatia 15, no. 4 (2000): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2000.tb00349.x.
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This introduction highlights two of Mondzain's contributions in the chapter reproduced here, “Iconic Space and the Rule of Lands.” The first is her discussion of a link between images and power, which stresses the formal characteristics of paintings rather than their narratives. The second is her examination of the specific task which representation is called on to perform in religious as opposed to secular contexts, where spiritual, otherworldly figures are given physical shape and form.
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Badri, Farhood. "A Genuine Islamic Conceptualization of Religious Freedom." Muslim World Journal of Human Rights 15, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mwjhr-2018-0020.
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Abstract Departing from a critical norm research perspective, the paper first sketches the need to unveil the Eurocentric and secular bias of International Relations (IR) as a discipline in general and its constructivist norm research program in particular. With regard to human rights norms, and religious freedom in particular, the dominant liberal-secular international human rights law understanding of religious freedom marginalizes religious, and especially, Islamic grounds and understandings of this truly global norm. Indeed, it demonstrates both, the dominant ideational perspective of religious freedom as a Western human right grounded by Western-canonical thinkers, and the limits of accommodating religion and religious voices in IR. In contrast, and against the background of a post-secular IR, the paper seeks to unveil alternative and marginalized bodies of Islamic knowledge for the sake of a more comprehensive picture to be painted by IR. By reconstructing reformist Islamic thought and Islamic ideational perspectives and conceptualizations of religious freedom, the paper seeks to let these voices speak for themselves as truly genuine Islamic contributions to IR. The overall aim is threefold: to theoretically connect critical norm research and post-secular approaches with reformist Islamic thought by conceptualizing ijtihad as religious norm contestation; to unveil the double marginalized character of critical Muslim voices in IR; and finally to paint a broader and more comprehensive picture of Islam and IR by revealing an alternative Islamic genealogy of universal religious freedom.
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Metman, Maurits C., Philip W. Livermore, Jonathan E. Mound, and Ciarán D. Beggan. "Modelling decadal secular variation with only magnetic diffusion." Geophysical Journal International 219, Supplement_1 (February 17, 2019): S58—S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz089.
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SUMMARY Secular variation (SV) of Earth’s internal magnetic field is the sum of two contributions, one resulting from core fluid flow and the other from magnetic diffusion. Based on the millenial diffusive timescale of global-scale structures, magnetic diffusion is widely perceived to be too weak to significantly contribute to decadal SV, and indeed is entirely neglected in the commonly adopted end-member of frozen-flux. Such an argument however lacks consideration of radially fine-scaled magnetic structures in the outermost part of the liquid core, whose diffusive timescale is much shorter. Here we consider the opposite end-member model to frozen flux, that of purely diffusive evolution associated with the total absence of fluid flow. Our work is based on a variational formulation, where we seek an optimized full-sphere initial magnetic field structure whose diffusive evolution best fits, over various time windows, a time-dependent magnetic field model. We present models that are regularized based on their magnetic energy, and consider how well they can fit the COV-OBS.x1 ensemble mean using a global error bound based on the standard deviation of the ensemble. With these regularized models, over time periods of up to 30 yr, it is possible to fit COV-OBS.x1 within one standard deviation at all times. For time windows up to 102 yr we show that our models can fit COV-OBS.x1 when adopting a time-averaged global uncertainty. Our modelling is sensitive only to magnetic structures in approximately the top 10 per cent of the liquid core, and show an increased surface area of reversed flux at depth. The diffusive models recover fundamental characteristics of field evolution including the historical westward drift, the recent acceleration of the North Magnetic Pole and reversed-flux emergence. Based on a global time-averaged residual, our diffusive models fit the evolution of the geomagnetic field comparably, and sometimes better than, frozen-flux models within short time windows.
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Segal, Nancy L. "Twins' Injuries: Genetic and Environmental Risks / Twin Research Reports / Human Interest Stories." Twin Research and Human Genetics 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.14.2.213.
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The relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to unintentional injuries are of interest to families with young twins. A recent study found that childhood injuries are explained mostly by child-specific environmental factors. Next, twin research reviews of the association between periodontal disease and cancer, secular trends in gestational age and birthweight, and language development in hearing and deaf co-twins are also summarized. Interesting reports of newborn twins, twin-like relationships, twin interactions and missed twin relationships are presented.
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Glasze, Georg, and Thomas M. Schmitt. "Understanding the geographies of religion and secularity: on the potentials of a broader exchange between geography and the (post-) secularity debate." Geographica Helvetica 73, no. 4 (October 24, 2018): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-285-2018.
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Abstract. For a long time, the mainstream of social and cultural geography seems to have implicitly accepted that religion is becoming obsolete and is of little social significance. However, since the 1990s, religion has aroused new interest in the social sciences in general, and to some extent also in social and cultural geography. Against this backdrop, a controversial discussion has started in geography on the relevance of theories of secularisation and the notion of post-secularity, as well as on possible contributions to these debates. The paper introduces the interdisciplinary debate on revisions of theories of secularisation and the promotion of post-secular perspectives, referring, among others, to Jürgen Habermas, Peter Berger, José Casanova, and Talal Asad. In a second step, we argue that an understanding of post-secularity that focuses on the contingency and context-dependent delimitation of the secular and the religious promises to be fruitful for social and cultural geography and can help us to understand the geographies of religion and secularity.
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Caufield, Catherine. "Feminist Methodologies." Religion & Theology 25, no. 1-2 (June 20, 2018): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15743012-02501006.
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Abstract Given changing contexts and social discourses, it is theoretically enriching to enlarge the research emphasis of the secular academic discipline of Religious Studies to consider ways in which women who self-identify as religious contribute to their various traditions in ways that deepen spiritual experience for the communities as a whole and make contributions to their larger social contexts. Religious Studies scholars value scientific approaches but also, to be respectful of the communities studied, must recognize that they do a disservice to those communities if they reduce findings to the confines of these approaches. Interdisciplinary work that draws on methodological concepts developed in feminist theological thought, together with naturalist approaches, serves to increase knowledge about and by women in faith communities. By continuing to develop theology in rigorous and thoughtful ways, modern women are carrying forward an important interpretive tradition that strengthens analyses of religion in the secular humanities and social sciences.
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Rangelova, Elena, and Michael G. Sideris. "Contributions of terrestrial and GRACE data to the study of the secular geoid changes in North America." Journal of Geodynamics 46, no. 3-5 (October 2008): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2008.03.006.
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Grimell, Jan. "Reflections on Spiritual Themes in a Narrative Psychological Investigation of a Secular Swede: Practical Theology's Potential Contributions." Practical Theology 10, no. 1 (November 2016): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1756073x.2016.1250568.
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Kistler, Deborah, Christian Thöni, and Christian Welzel. "Survey Response and Observed Behavior: Emancipative and Secular Values Predict Prosocial Behaviors." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 48, no. 4 (March 19, 2017): 461–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022117696799.
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Since decades, cross-cultural psychology examines moral values using data from standardized surveys, assuming that values guide human behavior. We add to this literature by studying the link between moral values and various forms of prosocial behavior, using data from respondents of the sixth World Values Survey in Germany who participated in an online behavioral experiment. The experiment consists of a series of incentivized tasks and allows us to elaborate the association between survey-measured values and three facets of observed prosocial behavior. The evidence boils down to three findings. While (a) emancipative values relate to higher common pool contributions and (b) higher donations to charitable organizations, (c) secular values are linked with more productive and less protective investments. As these results conform to key theories and reach empirical significance in a major postindustrial nation, we conclude that we have important evidence at hand highlighting the potential of combined survey-experiment methods to establish value–behavior links that are otherwise inexplorable.
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Boender, Welmoet. "On Being a (Good) Muslim in the West: Four Contributions by Dutch Muslim Publicists." Journal of Muslims in Europe 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22117954-12341387.
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Abstract This review essay discusses four books published in Dutch by three Muslims and an ‘ex-Muslim’ in 2014 and 2015 that present different approaches to how to live as a (‘good’) Muslim in the West. The former Dutch politician Ayaan Hirsi Ali pleads for far-reaching amendments to Islamic rules concerning belief, ethics and law. Her view differs fundamentally from that of the Muslim theologian Razi Quadir (VU Amsterdam), who positions himself within the Sunni legal tradition. The third author, Muslim theologian and ministry official Mohamed Ajouaou (VU Amsterdam) argues that one should focus primarily on the diversity of Muslim religiosity in the Dutch secular context. Finally, in his autobiographical portrait, Dennis Abdelkarim Honing explains how he discovered legitimate options for living as a pious Muslim in the West. Each in their own way, the authors point to the phenomenon of accusing fellow Muslims being heretical or going astray, and its heavy impact on internal Islamic debate.
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Chaniago, Muhamad Iswardani. "Examining Pancasila’s Position in the Public Reason Scheme: A Critical Analysis." Jurnal Politik 4, no. 2 (March 31, 2019): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/jp.v4i2.203.
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This research tries to review a number of ideas of some Indonesian scholars such as Yudi Latif, Franz Magnis-Suseno, and Syamsul Ma'arif, who saw and described the relationship between Pancasila and public reason, one of the popular political concepts in political studies. Some Indonesian scholars have linked Pancasila to public reason, with a secular nuance, so that it could potentially be free of religious associations. The troubled derivatives of public reason include (1) the negation of the principle of majoritarianism, (2) the neutral state principle, and (3) substantial elements in religion, such as the principle of universalism. With a qualitative study referring to a number of philosophical and historical arguments, it can be shown that the arguments given by the three aforementioned scholars, and others who share similar ideas, were considered to have a number of issues. From this review, it can be concluded that the thinking that supports the relationship between Pancasila and public reason is weak in terms of the secular argument. Therefore, the relation between Pancasila and public reason can be reviewed with more approachable ideas regarding religious contributions.
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Bananuka, Juma, Twaha Kigongo Kaawaase, Musa Kasera, and Irene Nalukenge. "Determinants of the intention to adopt Islamic banking in a non-Islamic developing country." ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 11, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 166–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijif-04-2018-0040.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the contribution of attitude, subjective norm and religiosity on the intention to adopt Islamic banking in an emerging economy like Uganda, which is a secular state that is in the early stages of adopting Islamic banking. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a cross-sectional and correlational research design. Usable questionnaires were received from 258 managers of their own micro businesses. A hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Findings Results indicate that attitude and religiosity are significant determinants of the intention to adopt Islamic banking, unlike subjective norm whose predictive power is subsumed in attitude. In the absence of attitude, subjective norm is a significant determinant of intention to adopt Islamic banking. Overall, attitude, subjective norm and religiosity explain 44 per cent of the variance in the intention to adopt Islamic banking in Uganda. Research limitations/implications This study is cross-sectional, excluding the monitoring of changes in behavior over time. Further, the study used evidence from owner-managed micro businesses in Uganda. It is possible that these results are only applicable to Uganda’s micro businesses. Originality/value Islamic banking is an emerging phenomenon on the African continent, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, where most countries are secular states. As such, there are largely no empirical studies exploring the combined contributions of attitude, subjective norm and religiosity on the intention to adopt Islamic banking in an emerging economy after the national adoption of an enabling legal framework. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, this is the first study that carries out this task.
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Klein, Thomas A., Gene R. Laczniak, and Nicholas J. C. Santos. "Religion-motivated Enterprises in the Marketplace." Journal of Macromarketing 37, no. 1 (October 22, 2016): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276146716674050.
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This exploratory essay identifies and examines a variety of religiously affiliated or inspired enterprises operating in otherwise secular marketplaces. While explicitly recognizing that some marketplace manifestations of religion can be controversial, even dysfunctional, it argues for the evident macromarketing relevance of this project. The approach for analyzing what this paper refers to as “religion-motivated enterprises” (RMEs) consists of (1) a nominal classification scheme to illustrate and categorize the diversity of RME examples; (2) some foundational principles shared among major faith traditions that provide a basis for an RME ethos; and (3) basic propositions that, with future empirical testing, may explain the contributions of these organizations to improved market performance. Our commentary includes environmental factors that prompted the establishment of many RMEs, the nature of their sustainability, and the importance of mission statements to their operations. Finally, we identify opportunities for additional research and summarize the macromarketing contributions of this article.
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Dent, Robert C., Fatih Karahan, Benjamin Pugsley, and Ayşegül Şahin. "The Role of Startups in Structural Transformation." American Economic Review 106, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20161053.
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The U.S. economy has been going through a striking structural transformation--the secular reallocation of employment across sectors--over the past several decades. We propose a decomposition framework to assess the contributions of various margins of firm dynamics to this shift. Using firm-level data, we find that at least 50 percent of the adjustment has been taking place along the entry margin, due to sectors receiving different shares of startup employment than their employment shares. The rest is mostly due to life cycle differences across sectors. Declining overall entry has a small but growing effect of dampening structural transformation.
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Alidou, Ousseina. "Muslim Women Leaders and Legal Reform in Postcolonial Kenya." Hawwa 14, no. 1 (August 22, 2016): 53–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692086-12341299.
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The post-Cold War conditions created new socio-political spaces in Kenya for new articulations of Muslim women’s public activism and leadership. This essay focuses on two such Muslim women in terms of their leadership responses to issues of Muslim women’s rights in Kenya as framed within a secular paradigm, on the one hand, and within an Islamic one, on the other. In spite of their differences, the essay concludes the efforts of the two leaders complement each other in fundamental ways, especially with regards to their contributions to the national debates on theShari’aand the reform of the Kadhi’s Court.
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Cobb, Charles R. "Archaeology’s Offerings to Jesuit History." Journal of Jesuit Studies 8, no. 3 (April 19, 2021): 474–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-0803p007.
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Abstract The contributions to the thematic issue of this journal address archaeological approaches to Jesuit missionizing in three contexts in the colonial Americas: substantial missions that also served as plantations, missions lacking full-time clergy, and short-term outposts on the edges of colonial empires. By relying on evidence from the landscape, the built environment, and objects, these studies demonstrate that the Jesuit enterprise was not subservient to, or a simple accomplice of, European colonial ambitions. Instead, missionizing by all Christian orders was intertwined with an evolution of both secular and religious philosophies that gave rise to modernity.
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Dinh, Thanh-Chung, and Thomas Renger. "Towards an exact theory of linear absorbance and circular dichroism of pigment-protein complexes: Importance of non-secular contributions." Journal of Chemical Physics 142, no. 3 (January 21, 2015): 034104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4904928.
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Tennent, Timothy C. "Contextualizing the Sanskritic Tradition to Serve Dalit Theology." Missiology: An International Review 25, no. 3 (July 1997): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969702500307.
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The contemporary theological scene in India has distanced itself from the Sanskritic theological tradition because of its long association with Brahminical dominance in disenfranchising many Indian people groups. However, there is ample evidence that the Sanskritic tradition has also been used as a powerful Dalit-like theology form the “underside.” This article examines the contributions of Indian Christian theologians who used the Sanskritic tradition and explores the historic use of the Sanskritic tradition within the Indian tradition, both secular and sacred. The article urges Dalit theologians to reconsider the usefulness of the Sanskritic tradition as a contextual aid which may provide deeper foundations for a people's theology in India.
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GAUTAM, RAJESH K. "OPPORTUNITY FOR NATURAL SELECTION AMONG THE INDIAN POPULATION: SECULAR TREND, COVARIATES AND IMPLICATIONS." Journal of Biosocial Science 41, no. 6 (July 23, 2009): 705–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932009990095.
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SummaryCrow's index is widely used for indirect quantitative estimation of natural selection using birth and death rates. The present investigation is based on 179 studies among 144 different endogamous communities belonging to nineteen states and six geographical regions of India, categorized into six social groups. These studies appeared in 33 different years over six decades (1956 to 2007). The secular trend in Crow's index (It) and its mortality and fertility components (Im and If) shows a gradual decline in It and radical shift in the relative contributions of Im and If. Before 1990 the opportunity for natural selection was mainly determined by differential pre-reproductive mortality (Im), whereas after 1990 it has been determined by differential fertility (If). To find out the covariates of It, Im and If sixteen socio-demographic variables were considered, and nine were found to be significantly correlated with It: total dependency ratio, decadal growth rate 1991–2001, young age dependency ratio, crude death rate, total fertility rate, child mortality rate, under-5 mortality rate, old age dependency ratio and decadal growth rate 1981–1991. On the basis of multivariate stepwise regression analysis, female literacy emerged as one of the most important predictors of It. The declining trend of It, Im and If shows that the Indian population is passing through the demographic transition.
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Yu, Hongjuan, Qiujie Chen, Yu Sun, and Krzysztof Sosnica. "Geophysical Signal Detection in the Earth’s Oblateness Variation and Its Climate-Driven Source Analysis." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13102004.
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This study analyzes the geophysical signals in J2 time series from 1976 to 2020 by using singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and the Lomb-Scargle (L-S) periodogram for the first time. The results of SSA indicate that the secular trend is characterized by a superposition of the secular linear decrease with a rate of approximately (−5.80 ± 0.08) × 10−11/yr and an obvious quadratic rate of (2.38 ± 0.02) × 10−13/yr2. Besides, the annual, semi-annual, and 10.6-year signals with determining for the first time its amplitude of 5.01 × 10−11, are also detected by SSA, where their stochastic behavior can be maintained to the greatest extent. The 18.6-year signal cannot be detected by SSA even when the window size of 18.6 years was selected, while L-S periodogram can detect the signal of 18.6 years after removing the 18.6-year tidal theoretical value and the linear trend, proving the existence of the tidal variations of 18.6 years in the residual time series. Nevertheless, the 10.6-year signal can be found only after removing the secular trend. This fact suggests that the advantages of different methods used will lead to different sensitivity to the particular signals hard to be detected. Finally, the reconstructed ΔJ2 time series through the sum of the climate-driven contributions from glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), Antarctic ice sheets (ANT), atmosphere (ATM), continental glaciers (GLA), Greenland ice sheets (GRE), ocean bottom pressure (OBP), and terrestrial water storage (TWS) by using GRACE gravity field solution and geophysical models agrees very well with that of the observed ΔJ2 from SLR in terms of the amplitude and phase. About 81.5% of observed ΔJ2 can be explained by the reconstructed value. ATM, TWS, and OBP are the most significant contributing sources for seasonal signals in ΔJ2 time series, explaining up to 40.1%, 31.9%, and 26.3% of the variances of observed ΔJ2. These three components contribute to the annual and semi-annual variations of the observed ΔJ2 up to 30.1% and 1.6%, 30.8% and 1.0%, as well as 25.4% and 0.7%, respectively. GRE, ANT, and GLA have ~3 to ~7-year periodic fluctuations and a positive linear trend, excluding GIA.
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Konieczny, Piotr. "Macro-level Differences in Participation in Sharing Economy." Asian Journal of Social Science 48, no. 1-2 (May 8, 2020): 115–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04801007.
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Abstract Different countries embrace the sharing economy with differing enthusiasm and effects due to factors ranging from the development level to government policies and society’s cultural values. This research measures the participation of Asian countries in this phenomena through their contributions to a global sharing economy platform—Wikipedia. This study uses language as a proxy for each country, which allows for a macro-scale comparison of factors related to participation in sharing economy. The study finds that in addition to expected factors related to the global digital divide and the country’s development level, other factors such as country’s size, dominant language, and cultural factors also play a significant role. Lower development levels, multi-ethnic (multi-language) and smaller populations can be a severe impediment to the development of the sharing economy. Government policy (China) or unique Internet structure (South Korea) can create significant outliers. Contributing to the sharing economy is also more common in countries located near the self-expression and rational-secular ends of the Inglehart-Welzel model, and the uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, and long-term orientation dimensions of the Hofstede model.
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Lee, Mordecai. "Bureaucracy in the Hebrew Bible: A Neglected Source of Public Administration History." Public Voices 5, no. 1-2 (January 12, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/pv.292.
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Histories of public administration have tended to give minor attention to the Bible. This can partly be attributed to the Bible's unique role as a document revered as being of divine origin, which might discourage secular scholarly inquiry. Another explanation focuses on the lack of originality in Israelite bureaucracy compared to those of other sophisticated empires of that era, such as Egypt. The limited scholarship in the area focuses on the Bible's unique intellectual contributions, its timeless stories about ethical dilemmas and its interesting details about administrative structures and offices. This essay seeks to identify and summarize the major descriptions of public administration contained in the Hebrew Bible and to encourage additional inquiries in this subject area.
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Sison, Alejo José G., Ignacio Ferrero, and Gregorio Guitián. "Human Dignity and The Dignity of Work: Insights from Catholic Social Teaching." Business Ethics Quarterly 26, no. 4 (May 10, 2016): 503–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/beq.2016.18.
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ABSTRACT:What contributions could we expect from Catholic Social Teaching (CST) on human dignity in relation to the dignity of work? This article begins with an explanation of CST and its relevance for secular audiences. It then proceeds to identify the main features of human dignity based on the notion of imago Dei in CST. Next comes an analysis of the dignity of work in CST from which two normative principles are derived: the precedence of duties over rights and the priority of the subjective dimension of work over the objective dimension. Afterwards, the “right to work” and the “rights of workers” are engaged with from this normative perspective, particularly within the context of globalization.
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Morais, Domingos A. R. "Cinco notas sobre a música e os instrumentos musicais populares em Portugal." Revista da Tulha 2, no. 1 (June 16, 2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2447-7117.rt.2016.125294.
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Music and popular Portuguese musical instruments, as we know them today, are the result of a long process In which multiple contributions and influences took place. Musical instruments are, along with the oral tradition, a one of the most fascinating aspects of the traits and marks that the travels of the Portuguese spread throughout the five continents. In five Notes, designed for those who wish to know the Music of the Portuguese people, we try to find meaning in what sometimes it seems disconnected, the result of chance and hazard. But in what we recognize the will of the communities and the persistence in the transmission even when in counter-current of secular and religious powers.
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DODD, SARAH DRAKOPOULOU, and GEORGE GOTSIS. "LABOUR IS HOLY BUT BUSINESS IS DANGEROUS: ENTERPRISE VALUES FROM THE CHURCH FATHERS TO THE REFORMATION." Journal of Enterprising Culture 15, no. 02 (June 2007): 133–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495807000083.
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This paper seeks to explore the religious valuation of entrepreneurship during a long period of Western cultural history that covers transformations of religious thinking from the early Church Fathers to the Reformation. The paper focuses on theological contributions to conceptualizations of labour, property and wealth, that serves as a basis for assessing entrepreneurial motives and enterprise activities. In doing so, this approach highlights the interactions between work motivation and entrepreneurship in distinct cultural and historical contexts. Particular attention is devoted to understanding the religious sanctification of labour. The emergence and formation of secular enterprise values are discussed and interpreted as integral parts of these religious worldviews in which they were deeply embedded.
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Verdel, Charles, Matthew J. Campbell, and Charlotte M. Allen. "Detrital zircon petrochronology of central Australia, and implications for the secular record of zircon trace element composition." Geosphere 17, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 538–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02300.1.
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Abstract Hafnium (Hf) isotope composition of zircon has been integrated with U-Pb age to form a long-term (>4 b.y.) record of the evolution of the crust. In contrast, trace element compositions of zircon are most commonly utilized in local- or regional-scale petrological studies, and the most noteworthy applications of trace element studies of detrital zircon have been in “fingerprinting” potential source lithologies. The extent to which zircon trace element compositions varied globally over geological time scales (as, for example, zircon U-Pb age abundance, O isotope composition, and Hf isotope composition seem to have varied) has been little explored, and it is a topic that is well suited to the large data sets produced by detrital zircon studies. In this study we present new detrital zircon U-Pb ages and trace element compositions from a continent-scale basin system in Australia (the Centralian Superbasin) that bear directly on the Proterozoic history of Australia and which may be applicable to broader interpretations of plate-tectonic processes in other regions. U-Pb ages of detrital zircon in the Centralian Superbasin are dominated by populations of ca. 1800, 1600, 1200, and 600 Ma, and secular variations of zircon Hf isotope ratios are correlated with some trace element parameters between these major age populations. In particular, elevated εHf(i) (i.e., radiogenic “juvenile” Hf isotope composition) of detrital zircon in the Centralian Superbasin tends to correspond with relatively high values of Yb/U, Ce anomaly, and Lu/Nd (i.e., depletion of light rare earth elements). These correlations seem to be fundamentally governed by three related factors: elemental compatibility in the continental crust versus mantle, the thickness of continental crust, and the contributions of sediment to magmas. Similar trace element versus εHf(i) patterns among a global zircon data set suggest broad applicability. One particularly intriguing aspect of the global zircon data set is a late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian period during which both zircon εHf(i) and Yb/U reached minima, marking an era of anomalous zircon geochemistry that was related to significant contributions from old continental crust.
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Servonnat, J., P. Yiou, M. Khodri, D. Swingedouw, and S. Denvil. "Influence of solar variability, CO<sub>2</sub> and orbital forcing between 1000 and 1850 AD in the IPSLCM4 model." Climate of the Past 6, no. 4 (July 22, 2010): 445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-445-2010.
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Abstract. Studying the climate of the last millennium gives the possibility to deal with a relatively well-documented climate essentially driven by natural forcings. We have performed two simulations with the IPSLCM4 climate model to evaluate the impact of Total Solar Irradiance (TSI), CO2 and orbital forcing on secular temperature variability during the preindustrial part of the last millennium. The Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature of the simulation reproduces the amplitude of the NH temperature reconstructions over the last millennium. Using a linear statistical decomposition we evaluated that TSI and CO2 have similar contributions to secular temperature variability between 1425 and 1850 AD. They generate a temperature minimum comparable to the Little Ice Age shown by the temperature reconstructions. Solar forcing explains ~80% of the NH temperature variability during the first part of the millennium (1000–1425 AD) including the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA). It is responsible for a warm period which occurs two centuries later than in the reconstructions. This mismatch implies that the secular variability during the MCA is not fully explained by the response of the model to the TSI reconstruction. With a signal-noise ratio (SNR) estimate we found that the temperature signal of the forced simulation is significantly different from internal variability over area wider than ~5.106 km2, i.e. approximately the extent of Europe. Orbital forcing plays a significant role in latitudes higher than 65° N in summer and supports the conclusions of a recent study on an Arctic temperature reconstruction over past two millennia. The forced variability represents at least half of the temperature signal on only ~30% of the surface of the globe. This study suggests that regional reconstructions of the temperature between 1000 and 1850 AD are likely to show weak signatures of solar, CO2 and orbital forcings compared to internal variability.
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Servonnat, J., P. Yiou, M. Khodri, D. Swingedouw, and S. Denvil. "Influence of solar variability, CO<sub>2</sub> and orbital forcing during the last millennium in the IPSLCM4 model." Climate of the Past Discussions 6, no. 2 (April 7, 2010): 421–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-6-421-2010.
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Abstract. Studying the climate of the last millennium gives the possibility to deal with a relatively well-documented climate essentially driven by natural forcings. We have performed two simulations with the IPSLCM4 climate model to evaluate the impact of Total Solar Irradiance (TSI), CO2 and orbital forcing on secular temperature variability during the preindustrial part of the last millennium. The Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature of the simulation reproduces the amplitude of the NH temperature reconstructions over the last millennium. Using a linear statistical decomposition we evaluated that TSI and CO2 have similar contributions to secular temperature variability between 1425 and 1850 AD. They generate a temperature minimum comparable to the Little Ice Age shown by the temperature reconstructions. Solar forcing explains ~80% of the NH temperature variability during the first part of the millennium (1000–1425 AD) including the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA). It is responsible for a warm period which occurs two centuries later than in the reconstructions. This mismatch implies that the secular variability during the MCA is not fully explained by the response of the model to the TSI reconstruction. With a signal-noise ratio (SNR) estimate we found that the temperature signal of the forced simulation is significantly different from internal variability over area wider than ~5.106 km2, i.e. approximately the extent of Europe. Orbital forcing plays a significant role in latitudes higher than 65° N in summer and supports the conclusions of a recent study on an Arctic temperature reconstruction over past two millennia. The forced variability represents at least half of the temperature signal on only ~30% of the surface of the globe. The study of the SNR and local impacts of the forcings suggests that individual temperature reconstructions taken from random location around the Globe are potentially weakly affected by a linear response to external forcings.
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SCHWARTZ, DANIEL B. "GAUGING THE GERMAN JEWISH." Modern Intellectual History 17, no. 2 (September 17, 2018): 579–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244318000380.
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Few fields are as riddled with terminological indecision as “German Jewish thought.” One cannot invoke this sphere without immediately bumping up against essential questions of definition. Should membership within its bounds be reserved for those who wrote, primarily, as Jews for Jews, even if in a non-Jewish language? Or should its borders be expanded substantially to include Jewish contributions to secular German thought—or, perhaps more aptly put, secular thought in German, in order not to exclude the vast number of Central European Jewish innovators who wrote in the language? If one takes the latter route, the problems only proliferate, for the question then ensues, what makes any of these supposed Jewish contributionsJewish? How is the Jewishness of a particular work, school of thought, or sensibility to be gauged and assessed? How does one avoid the risk of reading too much in—or too little? How does one steer clear of reducing Jewishness to some stable core or essence, without relying on a notion so broad and diffuse as to be effectively meaningless? And always lurking is the question whether, in imputing Jewishness to a cultural product or outlook, one has betrayed its creator, who would have recoiled at being labeled a “Jewish” author or artist. These problems are not peculiar to German Jewish intellectual history. They arise wherever and whenever Jews have been disproportionately prominent in the shaping of secular culture—for instance, in the writing of the “New York intellectuals” in the postwar United States. But the role of authors and artists of German Jewish background proved especially pronounced even after many, like Hannah Arendt or Leo Strauss, emigrated to escape the Nazis. In their new environments, they remained active participants in intellectual life, and the question remains whether they were carrying on the tradition of German Jewish thought.
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Bain-Selbo, Eric. "Affect Theory, Religion, and Sport." Religions 10, no. 8 (July 31, 2019): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10080457.
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Affect theory has made important contributions recently to the study of religion, particularly drawing our attention away from ideas and practices to the emotional or affectual experience of religion. However, there is a danger that affect theory may become yet another “protective strategy” (to use a term from philosopher of religion Wayne Proudfoot) in academic wars about the nature of religion. As a consequence, there is a danger that affect theory will become too restrictive in its scope, limiting our ability to use it effectively in investigating “religious” or “spiritual” affects in otherwise secular practices and institutions (such as sport). If we can avoid turning affect theory into a protective strategy, it can become a useful tool to provide insights into the “spirituality” of sport.
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Jung, Dietrich. "Modern Muslim Subjectivities: Religion and Multiple Modernities within Islam." Numen 66, no. 4 (June 18, 2019): 339–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685276-12341543.
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AbstractThis article presents the overarching theoretical framework and some tentative findings of the Modern Muslim Subjectivities Project (MMSP). It discusses some of its conceptual tools and presents strategies for studying the role of religion in modern Muslim subjectivity formation. The core rationale of this research program is to explore the role of religious traditions in the construction of modern forms of Muslim subjectivity and social order. It investigates the ways in which Muslims have imagined specifically Islamic modernities in combination with non-religious and globally relevant cultural scripts. In criticizing the alleged Western origin and secular nature of modernity, the MMSP aims at making original contributions both to conceptual discussions of modernity in the study of religions and to our knowledge of modern Muslim societies.
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Berger, Andre. "Milankovitch, the father of paleoclimate modeling." Climate of the Past 17, no. 4 (August 24, 2021): 1727–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1727-2021.
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Abstract. The history of the long-term variations in the astronomical elements used in paleoclimate research shows that, contrary to what might be thought, Milutin Milankovitch is not the father of the astronomical theory but he is definitely the father of paleoclimate modeling. He did not calculate these long-term variations himself but used them extensively for calculating the “secular march” of incoming solar radiation. He advanced our understanding of Quaternary climate variations by two important and original contributions fully described in his Canon of insolation. These are the definition and use of caloric seasons and the concept of the “mathematical climate”. How his mathematical model allowed him to give the caloric summer and winter insolation a climatological meaning is illustrated.