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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Securitisation of Migration'
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Karyotis, Georgios. "Non-traditional security in Greece : terrorism, migration and securitisation theory." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29188.
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This thesis is about the shift in Greek security policy and thinking from a narrow focus on military issues and Greek-Turkish relations to a broader and more sophisticated policy, where ‘internal’ threats and non-traditional security issues are increasingly dominating the agenda. Drawing on debates in International Relations on the concept of security, this thesis assesses the conceptual and policy changes towards terrorism and immigration in Greece and argues that both issues have become central security concerns. To explore the shift towards security in Greek policies on terrorism and migration this thesis utilises the theory of ‘securitisation’ as developed by the ‘Copenhagen School of Security Studies’. Despite its prominence in the literature on security studies, the specific dynamics of securitisation remain poorly understood. Adopting a constructivist security approach, this thesis aims to analyse the process through which terrorism and migration were upgraded in the Greek security agenda, as well as the reasons and the consequences of that move. The study argues that the securitisation of internal security issues may have varying and wide-ranging effects. On the one hand, the belated securitisation of terrorism in Greece in the late 1990s was arguably the catalyst for the arrest of the ‘Revolutionary Organisation 17 November’ in 2002. On the other hand, the security logic of Greek migration policy has served as the legitimising factor for the restrictive – at times even xenophobic – responses of the Greek state and has also been one of the main obstacles to the development of a more substantive approach to migration in Greece. The overall analysis contributes to the understanding of policy developments in Greece on migration and terrorism and parallels these to developments in the European Union. In addition, by adopting an empirical approach, this thesis provides a practical assessment of the dynamics and value of securitisation theory, identifies some of its shortcomings, and contributes to improving and strengthening the theory.
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Boas, Ingrid. "The securitisation of climate migration : securitisation as a strategy in climate change politics: analysing interactions between the UK and Indian governments." Thesis, University of Kent, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.650809.
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The issue of climate migration has been gIven the image of a mass phenomenon threatening peace and security. This suggests that this issue has been subject of the process called securitisation, in which non-traditional security issues are discussed and/or acted upon in terms of security and thereby drawn into the security domain. This PhD thesis examines in what manner, to what extent, and with what political consequences climate migration is securitised, and analyses what explains the course of the process. Classical literature on securitisation assumes that securitisation is a straightforward process, with specific outcomes. Instead, I argue that the securitisation of climate migration is not clear-cut, but takes on various forms and meanings. I conduct such an analysis of securitisation by means of a flexible, contextualised and interactive framework for analysis. In this framework, I integrate the four schools of thought on securitisation: the Copenhagen School, the Paris School, Critical Security Studies, and the Risk School. The framework allows for a flexible application of their theoretical insights. It assumes that a securitisation process can take on various meanings, shaped by the context in which it is situated and by interaction processes between the actors involved. Through an analysis of context and of dynamic processes of interaction that shape the securitisation process, it becomes apparent which insights of the four schools can be applied to explain the securitisation process at hand. The securitisation of climate migration is examined in a study of the UK's Foreign & Commonwealth Office (FCO)'s securitising move on climate migration and the response to this move by the Government of India. In this study, I apply the framework for analysis to trace the diverse and complex manner in which a securitisation process develops. I show how the FCO used a security narrative on climate migration as a strategy to convince other countries, such as India, to sign up to binding mitigation targets under the UN climate convention. The FCO hoped that countries would sign up to binding mitigation targets when knowing that a failure to address climate change could result in climate migration. I examine how India has reacted to such arguments and demonstrate that it has worked in a counterproductive way. The FCO's securitising move compounded a difficult negotiation environment on climate change, and it risks legitimatising India's strict border measures to halt Bangladeshi immigration. As a final step, I review how this (unsuccessful) securitisation process affects the UK's and India's positions in climate change negotiations, and analyse how the FCO is moving towards an economic prosperity narrative to increase the effectiveness of its climate change diplomacy.
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Abiri, Elisabeth. "The securitisation of migration : towards an understanding of migration policy changes in the 1990s ; the case of Sweden /." Göteborg : Dept. of Peace and Development Research, Göteborg Univ, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/322541085.pdf.
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Sönnichsen, Anna. "Migration Management in the European Union: Between Extraordinary Measures and Routinized Risk Management." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21345.
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This thesis examines the migration management of the European Union from 2015 until 2019. The discursive approach towards securitisation of the Copenhagen School will be applied in order to examine the processes of security that underlie the European Union’s approach to migration. However, since the European Union’s discourse on migration does not fulfil the requirements of emergency language required by the Copenhagen School and often relies on the language of routinised migration management, the concept of risk as developed by Critical Risk Studies will be introduced in order to account for the perception of migration as an issue of security for the European Union. By conducting a discourse analysis of selected speeches by high ranking EU officials, this thesis will argue that European Union migration management since the refugee crisis in 2015 is defined by a normalisation of migration as a security issue in the official discourse. This discourse is constitutive of as well as constituted by routinised practices of security and risk management.
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Brathwaite, George Christopher. "CARICOM and the politics of migration : securitisation and the free movement of community nationals in Barbados." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2561.
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This thesis seeks to understand how the ‘free movement of CARICOM nationals’ (FMCN) and intra-regional migration have become securitised in Barbados. The key aim of the thesis is to understand the social facts constitutive of the FMCN in Barbados. The thesis presents data on key securitising actors and audiences in Barbados. It analyses how Caribbean Community (CARICOM) migrants are understood to be posing threats and dangers to the Barbadian society and/or state. The processes, interactions, and discursive practices that lead to these conditions of security/insecurity are then examined in more detail. The thesis, on the basis of an instrumental case study of Barbados, advances social constructivism and the Copenhagen School’s concept of securitisation as the most appropriate theoretical framework for gaining an understanding on the FMCN and intra-CARICOM migration dynamics. Primary data are drawn from a selection of methods incorporating elite interviews with key state/institutional leaders and the media. This method is complimented with documentary research in the format of parliamentary debates; government speeches and reports; books and journals; communiqués; and newspaper articles. The thesis engages with critical discourse analysis in order to gain analytical purchase on agency within domestic and international structures. It argues that market forces, material conditions, cultural constraints, and technological forces are crucial indicators for any reading of the securitisations taking place in the transnational and national spaces of CARICOM. The key findings and analyses show significant challenges for Barbados regarding perceptions of national versus regional identities. With the functioning of the FMCN, the social construction of fear and mistrust leads to grave misunderstandings among multiple actors. The thesis’ original contribution stems from analysing the securitisation dynamics underpinning FMCN and intra-CARICOM migration in Barbados and CARICOM.
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Bui, Mi. "A Comparative Study: Was the 2015 Refugee Crisis Securitised in Hungary and Sweden? : A comparative constructivist study on the securitisation of migration." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43754.
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In 2015, Europe experienced the arrival of an unprecedented number of migrants and refugees. This sparked a crisis, as the European states struggled to cope with the influx. Moreover, tensions in the European Union arose due to the disproportionate burden faced by some states, therefore arguably leading to some countries securitising the issue. This thesis seeks to investigate how and to what degrees socio-political conditions and political leadership roles impacted the securitisation of the 2015 refugee crisis in Hungary and Sweden. The assessment of these questions was approached by this paper through the employment of a comparative study analysis and a qualitative content analysis of speeches held by the Hungarian and Swedish prime ministers. Additionally, this paper utilises a theoretical framework, based upon Finnemore and Sikkink’s social constructivism and the Copenhagen School’s securitisation theory. This paper argues that socio-political conditions and leadership roles, embodied by the prime ministers of Hungary and Sweden, significantly impacted the securitisation processes of the 2015 refugee crisis. Furthermore, political leadership roles are interconnected to socio-political conditions via the securitisation of political issues in the following way: socio-cultural aspects, paired with political interests, inform the political leaders that shape how and through which articulation securitisation occurs.
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Hansen, Frida. "Discrepancies in European Union policies towards illegal immigration : The securitisation of the visa-overstayer and the irregular migrant." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-423102.
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Visa-liberalisation agreements are commonly used as an incentive by the EU to encourage cooperation within the realm of border and migration management with its neighbouring countries. The ultimate aim of these agreements is to reduce irregular migration to Schengen territory, something that has been percieved as an increasingly urgent issue for European policy makers in the wake of the 2015 'migration crisis'. However, the use of visa liberalisation agreements in such a fashion appears contradictory considering that most irregular migrants in the EU most likely are visa-overstayers. This essay takes of in this apparent puzzle and argues that securitisation theory might help us better understand this discrepancy. While the construction of the migrant as a security threat in Europe has been thoroughly examined, differences in securitisation between grups of irregular migrants are often left out of the discussion or only implicitly mentioned. By examining the discourse and practices of a central EU agency in regard to border and migration management, FRONTEX, this thesis shows that visa-overstayers are routinely left out of the securitised discussion on irregular migration, thus rendering EU policies asymmetrically occupied with irregular migration by means of 'illegal entry'. However, the thesis also uncovers a more conplex set of ideas that show that although visa-overstayers are not conceptulised as threats to security in discourse on par with other categories of irregular migrants, visa-goers and other travellers are, too, incresingly subjected to a rationale of survaillance and risk.
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Nissander, Sam. "Pushing the Border Outwards : A Critical Discourse Analysis of the European Commission’s Securitisation of Migration and the Right to Asylum." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-443545.
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This thesis scrutinises the European Commission’s discourse surrounding the externalisation of migration and asylum policies and discusses what potential implications this may have on the right to asylum. The aim of this work is to increase the understanding of how migration and security are discursively connected and identify what this discourse looks like. The study is placed in the context of a scientific debate on the Securitisation of migration and the externalisation of migration management. By means of a Critical Discourse Analysis, based on the work of Norman Fairclough, speeches and press releases produced by the European Commission are analysed. The analysis departs from the theoretical framework of the Copenhagen School of Security Studies and the concept of Securitisation, which suggests that political narratives have direct effects on policies. The theory also argues that when a phenomenon is securitised, policy measures that would otherwise not be acceptable, become legitimised in dealing with a constructed threat. The thesis presents three findings. The first main finding is that the Commission legitimises the externalisation of EU borders through a humanitarian discourse, arguing that the increased restrictions and shifting of responsibilities to third countries are necessary to protect migrants from human smugglers. Second, the current EU agenda risks limiting mobility in countries outside of the EU, thus creating large camps with substandard living conditions. And finally, from a human rights perspective, there is a great risk with the continued collective expulsions and pushbacks from EU territory, given that the mandate of Frontex is only seen to increase.
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Nalepa, Moa. "EU Migration Policy Changes in Times of Crisis: Discourses surrounding EU migration policies during the 'refugee crisis' - A discursive institutionalist analysis." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21869.
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This thesis examines the migration policy changes that were adopted by the European Union during the so called ‘refugee crisis’ 2014-2016 and problematises the discourses that were deployed by EU policy makers. It builds the method and theoretical framework around Vivien Schmidt’s discursive institutionalism, and complements it with constructivist conceptual theories around discourses that are identified through the researched empirical material. The primary material is to a large extent based upon official documents from the EU such as regulations and communications, but also includes speeches from officials such as Jean Claude Juncker (President of the Commission), Donald Tusk (President of the Council) and Martin Schulz (President of the European Parliament). The findings are comprised of discourses that can all be connected to the EU imaginary. The thesis also concludes that there has been a continuation of the securitisation of migration during the ‘refugee crisis’ as well as a normalisation of this discourse. In regards to the communicative and coordinative skills of the EU actors, it becomes clear that the former still is problematic, whilst the coordinative discourses have increased the cooperation within the EU institutions during the time period studied.
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Leung, Alvin. "'British values'? 'Chinese values'? : governing and reimagining nation through values-based education policies in Britain and Hong Kong." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/288762.
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This dissertation presents research that is broadly concerned with comparative understanding of the concept of citizenship and its relationship to nationhood, most particularly as it relates to contemporary government policies - what Michel Foucault refers to as 'studies of governmentality' - in Britain and Hong Kong. A major consideration is the assessment of how modern states seek to imbue citizenship with new meanings by mobilising connections to reimagined 'national cultures' and 'national values' as a way of expanding power and limiting access to citizenship. Two cases are selected and examined in this research to elucidate the above concern and consideration. The first is Hong Kong, where a compulsory subject Moral and National Education was proposed in 2012 to cultivate students' positive values and enhance their 'national qualities'. The second is Britain, where all schools and universities since 2015 must by law carry out the Prevent Duty to assess the risk of students becoming terrorists and beginning in 2014 where all schools must actively promote 'fundamental British values'. In both contexts, the education policies and their associated discourses claimed to protect 'our culture', defend 'our values', and promote understanding of 'our nation' Curriculum documents, policy documents, and parliamentary reports related to these education policies are collected and critically analysed in a genealogical approach to reveal (a) the expressions of 'national values' and citizenship in these policy and associated political texts, (b) how these texts and associated discourses influenced the re-imagination of nations, and (c) how the national perspectives expressed ideologically - especially in relation to the narrowing of borders through policies - recast, mediate or alter conceptions of citizenship. The comparative policy landscape in Britain and Hong Kong is assessed by deploying an interdisciplinary framework that addresses nation, citizenship, borders, and governmentality in a unique way. The study of the cases, in return, demonstrates how this framework can be applied to analysing education policies and assessing the rationalities and effects of these policies.
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Watson, Scott D. "The securitisation of humanitarian migration." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/18718.
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The different responses of Canada and Australia to the arrival of asylum seekers present an interesting puzzle for IR scholars. My analysis analyzes how the use of the coercive capacity of the state against refugees and asylum seekers has come to be regarded as essential in some liberal democratic states while in others these policies remain unacceptable? Using a focused case comparison between Canada and Australia, I show that discursive practices of influential societal and political actors construct the identity of refugees and the receiving state in such a way that makes certain policy choices acceptable to state leaders. In cases where the securitising discourse constructs refugees as the primary referent object of a security threat and the receiving state as a responsible humanitarian international citizen, state leaders adopt policies consistent with norms of the international refugee regime. In cases where this discourse is challenged, societal actors attempt to reconstruct the identity of refugees as security threats to the receiving state. When these securitising attempts are successful, state leaders more readily adopt policies designed to ’protect’ the state rather than refugees. To support these conclusions, I employ discourse and textual analysis during three notable refugee ’crises’ in each state. In the Australian case, the three crises are: the 1979 Indo-Chinese boat people exodus, the 1992 boat arrivals and the 2001 Tampa affair. In Canada, I examine the 1979 Indo-Chinese boat people exodus, the 1986-1987 boat landings and the 1999 boat arrivals. In all six crises, humanitarian and communitarian securitising discourses reconstructed the identity of asylum seekers, their home states and the receiving states, limiting policy options available to state leaders. My findings have important broader theoretical and practical implications. Theoretically, my work contributes to a better theoretical understanding of the conditions under which the coercive capacity the state can be employed; also, the dissertation makes a significant contribution to understanding the role of discursive practices in limiting policy options and has important practical implications for the media and societal leaders in influencing/challenging the securitising attempts of state leaders.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Stein, Kenneth Cavanagh. "Politizace migrační krize v Evropě: Visegradská sekuritizace ilegální migrace do Evropy." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-266977.
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Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Political Studies Bc. Kenneth C. Stein Viktor Orbán's National Hungarian Identity Construct: Securitization of the 2015/2016 European Migrant Crisis as Existential Threat? Diplomová Práce Praha 2017 Autor práce: Bc. Kenneth C. Stein Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Vít Střitecký M. Phil., PhD. Oponent práce: Datum obhajoby: 2017 Hodnocení: Abstract: The current paper examines Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's speech acts based on the preface that his language communicates political will, power, and serves as an outline for potential future political avenues. Orbán has been one of the most outspoken critics of the European Union's failure to adequately address the ongoing migrant crisis, as well as Europe's immigration issues. The aim of the thesis is to examine the language tools utilized by Orbán according to securitization theory. Utilizing elements of Wodak's Critical Discourse Analysis in combination with Tajfel and Turner's Social Identity Theory, the thesis provides analysis of the texts through the lens of Orbán's creation of a national Hungarian social identity construct as referent object being securitized against the migrant threat. Moreover, the thesis provides an overall analysis of Orbán's brand of Hungarian social identity...
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Maňák, Jiří. "Evropská migrační krize a její implikace pro bezpečnost ČR." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405775.
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This thesis focuses on the topic of the European migration crisis in the period of 2013- 2018. The main goal is to determine, to what degree does the securitisation discourse in Germany meets the objective reality. The central part of the thesis is represented by the analysis of data about crime in German states. It is focused just on the data regarding the violent crime, that is because of the higher clearance rate a more significant impact of these crimes on the general mood in the society. The data are separated according to the borders of former eastern and western Germany. The result is a comparison of ongoing trends concerning the overall amount of crimes commited and the share of foreigners among the suspects. In the second part, the thesis focuses on comparing the data from the previous part with the development in the Germanys political landscape. Most notably in the case of developments of AfD, as this party is often referred to as an anti-system party. Again, the focus is on the regional differences between the former eastern and western Germany. In the last chapter, the thesis is trying to use the experience learned from eastern Germany and apply them to the Czech Republic. Eastern Germany was chosen for its relative similarities to Czechia given its history in the eastern bloc, similar...
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Bandurová, Jana. "Účinky sekuritizace migrace: případ Slovenské a České republiky." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-384567.
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The Master's thesis called "The Effects of Securitising Migration: The case of Slovakia and the Czech Republic" aims to analyse the extent to which is migration constructed as a security threat in crucial conceptual and strategic documents regarding migration, drafted by the Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic and the Ministry of Interior of the Czech Republic. Given that the Ministry of Interior is a key player in the field of migration in both countries setting the direction of migration policy on conceptual, legislative and implementation level, it enters a discursive field of migration by offering its own understanding of migration, which has a great impact on the policymaking in the area of migration, migration practice and consequently on the life of migrants. Despite the fact that both Slovakia and the Czech Republic have one of the lowest shares of foreigners within population in the whole European Union as well as neither of the two countries have been the final destinations of migrants during the so called refugee crisis, we can identify the dominant role of security discourse in both countries. To get a better insight into a wider social context, the thesis also builds on the number of "texts and talks" dealing with the issue of migration beside the official policy documents and...
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Krutá, Gréta. "Sekuritizace migrace v roce 2017 v prezidentských volbách ve Francii." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-384740.
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Far-right parties and anti-immigration moods were on the rise in 2017 European politics. After Brexit vote and Donald Trump's triumph in the US elections, whole world was watching the 2017 French presidential election with great vigilance. Using the method of discourse analysis, the principal objective of this master thesis is to identify to what extent was the immigration constructed as security threat in presidential election and how did major presidential candidates use political discourse for identity construction - positive representation of French Self and negative representation of Migrant Other. For the purpose of analysis, first three presidential candidates with the largest share of votes were chosen: François Fillon, Marine Le Pen and Emmanuel Macron. Concerning the theoretical framework, all research stems from Copenhagen school which defines vital concepts for our research: societal security and securitization process. From methodological point of view, Lene Hansen's Self/Other identity construction model is used. Keywords Securitization, Islam, migration, France, presidential election, discourse analysis, national identity