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Journal articles on the topic 'Sedativ'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Puntarić, Ada, Đurđica Božić Luburić, Ivana Varenina, Nina Bilandžić, Marina Krpan, and Mirjana Hruškar. "Sedativi u veterinarskoj medicini i njihovo određivanje." Veterinarska stanica 52, no. 2 (2021): 196–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.46419/vs.52.2.11.

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Sedativi, kao veterinarsko-medicinski proizvodi koji se koriste na životinjama za proizvodnju hrane netom prije samog klanja životinje, predstavljaju potencijalni rizik za zdravlje potrošača zbog povećane mogućnosti zaostajanja njihovih rezidua u proizvodima životinjskog podrijetla. Upravo je zbog zaštite javnog zdravstva bitno provoditi redovitu kontrolu prehrambenih proizvoda, uz korištenje adekvatnih i pouzdanih analitičkih metoda s kojima bi se otkrila eventualna odstupanja od propisanih vrijednosti. Zaostajanje rezidua sedativa u organizmu tretiranih životinja ovisi o mnogo či

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Sixtus, Ryan P., Cholawat Pacharinsak, Clint L. Gray, Mary J. Berry, and Rebecca M. Dyson. "Differential effects of four intramuscular sedatives on cardiorespiratory stability in juvenile guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (2021): e0259559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259559.

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Background Non-invasive physiological monitoring can induce stress in laboratory animals. Sedation reduces the level of restraint required, thereby improving the validity of physiological signals measured. However, sedatives may alter physiological equilibrium introducing unintended bias and/or, masking the experimental outcomes of interest. We aimed to investigate the cardiorespiratory effects of four short-acting sedatives in juvenile guinea pigs. Method 12 healthy, 38 (26–46) day-old Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs were included in this blinded, randomised, crossover design study. Animals were s

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Flinspach, Armin Niklas, Hendrik Booke, Kai Zacharowski, Ümniye Balaban, Eva Herrmann, and Elisabeth Hannah Adam. "High sedation needs of critically ill COVID-19 ARDS patients—A monocentric observational study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0253778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253778.

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Background Therapy of severely affected coronavirus patient, requiring intubation and sedation is still challenging. Recently, difficulties in sedating these patients have been discussed. This study aims to describe sedation practices in patients with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods We performed a retrospective monocentric analysis of sedation regimens in critically ill intubated patients with respiratory failure who required sedation in our mixed 32-bed university intensive care unit. All mechanically ventilated adults with COVID

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Abou Daya, Mohammed, Asia Rashed, Chloe Benn, and Lekha Shah. "P39 Current sedation practice in a paediatric intensive care unit in a UK hospital." Archives of Disease in Childhood 108, no. 5 (2023): 21.1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2023-nppg.37.

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AimSedation is a crucial part of management of patients on paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The majority of patients admitted to PICU receive sedative agents.1For example, we estimated that approximately 50% of PICU patients at our trust are sedated at any given time. Heterogeneity in sedation practice can lead to under- or over-sedation of patients and subsequent complications, e.g. increased PICU stay.2Because of the limited research on sedative agents’ pharmacokinetics and the considerable variability in sedation prescribing practice,3regular evaluation and review of sedation prescrib

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Kästner, S. B. R. "Zur Anwendung von Butorphanol in der Veterinärmedizin." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere / Heimtiere 36, no. 06 (2008): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1622700.

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Zusammenfassung:Butorphanol wird international seit mehreren Jahrzehnten in der Humanund Veterinärmedizin als Analgetikum, zur sedativ-analgetischen Anästhesieprämedikation und als Antitussivum eingesetzt. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist, anhand einer Literaturübersicht die pharmakologischen Eigenschaften, klinischen Wirkungen und Einsatzgebiete von Butorphanol in der Veterinärmedizin darzustellen. In den Datenbanken Pubmed und CAB International erfolgte eine Literaturrecherche mit dem Suchbegriff „butorphanol*“. Insgesamt wurden 84 Literaturstellen in die Übersicht einbezogen. Butorphano

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Trushenski, Jesse T., and James D. Bowker. "Effect of Voltage and Exposure Time on Fish Response to Electrosedation." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 3, no. 2 (2012): 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/102011-jfwm-060.

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Abstract Chemical sedatives requiring withdrawal (period of time where fish are held posttreatment to allow for tissue drug residues to dissipate) may be impractical for field use. As a result, fisheries professionals are beginning to investigate alternative methods that allow fish to be released immediately after treatment. To address the safety and efficacy of electrosedation as an “immediate-release” sedative approach, induction, recovery times, and blood chemistry of juvenile (211 ± 4 g, 26.1 ± 0.1 cm total length [mean ± SE]) hybrid striped bass (female Morone chrysops × male M. saxatilis

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Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Nallely A. García-López, Ana de Santiago-Ruiz, Alcira Emperatriz Chávez-Lira, Oliver Mendoza-Cano, and José Guzmán-Esquivel. "Characterisation of palliative sedation use in inpatients at a medium-stay palliative care unit." International Journal of Palliative Nursing 26, no. 7 (2020): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2020.26.7.341.

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Background Palliative sedation has been used to refer to the practice of providing symptom control through the administration of sedative drugs. The objective of this article was to characterise palliative sedation use in inpatients at a medium-stay palliative care unit. Material and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 125 randomly selected patients (aged 15 or older) who had died in 2014. The Palliative Performance Scale was used to evaluate the functional status. Results Palliative sedation was documented in 34.4% of the patients and midazolam was the most commonly used sedative

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Lee, Yi Lin, Kalyanasundaram Ganesh, Lian Kah Ti, and Shin Yi Ng. "A prospective, observational, longitudinal cohort study of sedation practices in SGH intensive care units." Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare 27, no. 2 (2017): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2010105817731799.

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Background: Critically ill patients require sedation for patient comfort and ventilator synchrony. Despite the extensive use of sedation, to date there is no consensus on the best sedation practices. We attempt to investigate our local sedation practices. Method: This was a single-centre prospective, observation cohort study in medical and surgical intensive care unit (ICU) patients who were ventilated and sedated for more than 24 hours. Baseline demographics were obtained and patients followed-up for 28 days or to ICU discharge. Details on sedatives, ventilation duration, vasopressors and ren

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Downar, James, Julie Lapenskie, Salmaan Kanji, et al. "Propranolol As an Anxiolytic to Reduce the Use of Sedatives for Critically Ill Adults Receiving Mechanical Ventilation (PROACTIVE): An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial." Critical Care Medicine 53, no. 2 (2025): e257-e268. https://doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0000000000006534.

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OBJECTIVES: Surges in demand for sedatives for mechanical ventilation during the COVID-19 pandemic caused shortages of sedatives globally. Propranolol, a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker, has been associated with reduced agitation and sedative needs in observational studies. We aimed to test whether propranolol could reduce the dose of sedatives needed in mechanically ventilated patients. DESIGN: Open-label randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Three academic hospitals. SUBJECTS: Any nonparalyzed patient receiving mechanical ventilation and requiring high-dose sedatives. INTERVENTIONS: Ent

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Lee, Oh Haeng. "Updated sedative basics guide: everything you need to know about sedatives in clinical practice." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 67, no. 4 (2024): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2024.67.4.285.

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Background: As interventional procedures become more common in clinical practice, sedatives are being increasingly used to enhance patient experience, overall safety, and procedural efficacy. An appropriate sedation depth, which is crucial for patient safety, is determined according to sedative dosage, procedural stimuli, and patient status. Thus, it is important that clinicians understand the continuous nature of sedation levels.Current Concepts: Although sedation offers benefits, it also carries risks. Thus, vigilant monitoring during and after a procedure is important for preventing excessi

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Nayak, Sandeep, Richard Wenstone, Andy Jones, Jill Nolan, Ann Strong, and Jeff Carson. "Surface Electrostimulation of Acupuncture Points for Sedation of Critically Ill Patients in the Intensive Care Unit – a Pilot Study." Acupuncture in Medicine 26, no. 1 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.26.1.1.

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Background This is a pilot study to investigate the effects of electrostimulation of acupuncture points on sedation and the dose of sedatives in the Intensive Care Unit. Methods Electrostimulation of acupuncture points was performed on 12 critically ill patients requiring sedation for mechanical ventilation. Electrostimulation was applied by point surface electrodes at LI4, ST36, HT7 and LR3 points for 20 minutes every hour for 12 hours using dense dispersed mode with a current frequency of 10–100Hz and maximum intensity of 10mA. All patients were sedated with propofol and alfentanil as requir

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Barker, Mike, Alison A. Dixon, Luigi Camporota, Nick A. Barrett, and Ruth Y. Y. Wan. "Sedation with alfentanil versus fentanyl in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: outcomes from a single-centre retrospective study." Perfusion 35, no. 2 (2019): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659119858037.

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Introduction: In November 2016, our institution switched from alfentanil to fentanyl for analgesia and sedation in adult patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. There is no published evidence comparing the use of alfentanil with fentanyl for sedation in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients. We conducted a retrospective observational study to explore any significant differences in patient outcomes or in the prescribing of adjunct sedatives before and after the switch. Methods: Patients were retrospectively identified from a prospectively recorded database of all patients

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Kovacevic, Mary P., Paul M. Szumita, Kevin M. Dube, and Jeremy R. DeGrado. "Transition From Continuous Infusion Fentanyl to Hydromorphone in Critically Ill Patients." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 33, no. 2 (2018): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190018786832.

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Background: The 2013 Society of Critical Care Medicine guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients recommend intravenous opioids as first-line therapy to treat nonneuropathic pain. There is a paucity of literature describing possible benefits of utilizing specific opioids over others in ICU patients. Objective: The objective was to identify rationales for the transition from continuous infusion fentanyl to continuous infusion hydromorphone in critically ill patients. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, observational ana

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Caroff, Daniel A., Paul M. Szumita, and Michael Klompas. "The Relationship Between Sedatives, Sedative Strategy, and Healthcare-Associated Infection: A Systematic Review." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 37, no. 10 (2016): 1234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2016.129.

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BACKGROUNDHealthcare-associated infections (HAIs) cause significant morbidity in critically ill patients. An underappreciated but potentially modifiable risk factor for infection is sedation strategy. Recent trials suggest that choice of sedative agent, depth of sedation, and sedative management can influence HAI risk in mechanically ventilated patients.OBJECTIVETo better characterize the relationships between sedation strategies and infection.METHODSSystematic literature review.RESULTSWe found 500 articles and accepted 70 for review. The 3 most common sedatives for mechanically ventilated pat

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Hill, Laureen, Ed Bertaccini, Juli Barr, and Eran Geller. "ICU Sedation: A Review of Its Pharmacology and Assessment." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 13, no. 4 (1998): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088506669801300405.

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The need for appropriate sedation in the intensive care unit is paramount. Critically ill patients are exposed to multiple adverse stimuli stemming from both their illness and their environment. If left unchecked, these stimuli may often produce potentially harmful physiologic sequelae in patients who already have compromised physiologic reserve. The most useful sedative agents in such circumstances are those which are readily titratable and have manageable side effects. This typically focuses discussion on the intravenous administration of analgesic sedatives (opioids), anxiolytic and amnesti

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Park, Jin-Woo, Sung Il Bae, Jungyul Ryu, Seung Hyun Chung, and Sang-Hwan Do. "Effects of Earmuffs and Eye Masks on Propofol Sedation during Spinal Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 3 (2023): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030899.

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Intravenous sedative drugs are commonly administered during regional anesthesia. However, reducing the excessive use of sedatives while providing adequate sedation is important from the clinical perspective, since the use of sedatives can cause considerable complications. We hypothesized that the application of earmuffs and eye masks would help reduce the sedative dose required to maintain proper sedation by blocking external stimuli. Patients who underwent orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia were randomly allocated to the control (no intervention) or intervention group (wearing earmuff

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Rodrigues Junior, Geraldo Rolim, and José Luiz Gomes do Amaral. "Influence of sedation on morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 122, no. 1 (2004): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802004000100003.

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CONTEXT: Although 30 to 50% of hospitalized patients in a critical care unit are under sedation, there is sparse data on the impact of sedation on morbidity and case-fatality rates in Brazil. Sedation is associated with higher risks of infection and death rate among patients. However, it is difficult to assess the clinical impact of sedation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of sedation on the incidence of nosocomial infection and all-cause deaths at a critical care unit. TYPE OF STUDY: Prospective study. SETTING: Tertiary-care teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: After the exclusion of patients

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Khan, Siraj DAA, Fatimah Mesfer Alshahrani, and Noura Faisal Alkhalifa. "A Narrative Review of Sedatives used in Critically Ill Patients in ICU." Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 07 (2023): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i07.015.

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Patients in the intensive care unit are treated with many interventions to keep them on rest. A number of sedatives are used in ICU for this purpose. The main aim of sedation is to control pain. Benzodiazepines are commonly used as sedative agents and adjuvants. Many adverse effects such as CNS depression and respiratory depression have been associated with the use of these drugs. Propofol has satisfactory sedative effects. It can also be combined with other medicines to achieve the required results. Slow heart rate (Bradycardia), low blood pressure (Hypotension), and hyperlipidemia are common

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Akhtar, Ahmed Bilal, Muhammad Khurram Ijaz, Adeel Bashir, and Ahsun Waqar Khan. "Intranasal Dexmedetomidine as Sedative for Non-Invasive Pediatric Diagnostic Procedures Outside Operating Room." Annals of King Edward Medical University 28, no. 2 (2022): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21649/akemu.v28i2.5083.

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Background: Children often require sedation for long non-invasive diagnostic procedures. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic and analgesic properties. It mimics natural sleep and allows patients to easily arouse with minimal effects on respiration and airway patency. Objective: To assess the successful completion of pediatric non-invasive diagnostic procedures with intranasal dexmedetomidine as a sedative agent. Methods: Seventy-nine subjects of age six months to twelve years scheduled for non-invasive diagnostic procedures were included

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Deviatkina, Nataliia, Jha Sahil kumar, and Rauth Upasona. "The use of sedative medications, their prevalence, and their sedation of patients with disorders of consciousness, as well as the stimulating and sedative effects of alcohol." InterConf, no. 27(133) (November 20, 2022): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.11.2022.023.

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Medicinal sedatives are a class of drugs that reduce brain activity. You can usually utilise them to relax yourself. Sedatives are usually prescribed by doctors to address conditions like anxiety and sleep problems. Additionally, they are used as general anaesthetics. Regulated chemicals include sedatives.Sedatives, which include benzodiazepines, selective benzodiazepine receptor subtype agonists (z-drugs), and barbiturates, are commonly prescribed for anxiety or insomnia. These sedatives are considered banned substances because of the possibility of abuse and misuse. Self-medication (pharmace

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O’Connor, Mark, Tracey Bucknall, and Elizabeth Manias. "Sedation Management in Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Units: Doctors’ and Nurses’ Practices and Opinions." American Journal of Critical Care 19, no. 3 (2010): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2009541.

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Objective To explore the use of sedatives and analgesics, tools for scoring level of sedation, sedation and pain protocols, and daily interruptions in sedation in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units and to examine doctors’ and nurses’ opinions about the sedation management of critically ill patients. Methods A cross-sectional Internet-based survey design was used. In total, 2146 members of professional critical care organizations in Australia and New Zealand were e-mailed the survey during a 4-month period in 2006 through 2007. Results Of 348 members (16% response rate) who accesse

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Beale, Karin Muth, Gail A. Kunkle, Linda Chalker, and Randall Cannon. "Effects of sedation on intradermal skin testing in flea-allergic dogs." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 197, no. 7 (1990): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1990.197.07.861.

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Summary Effects of 4 commonly used sedatives on the wheal-and-flare response to histamine and flea antigen were evaluated in 8 flea-allergic Beagles. Skin testing was performed on 12 separate occasions, 3 to 4 days apart. Twelve intradermal injections were given during each skin test: 5 doubling dilutions of histamine phosphate, 6 doubling dilutions of flea antigen, and a phosphate-buffered saline solution (negative control). Of the 12 intradermal skin tests, 8 were control tests performed on nonsedated dogs. The remaining 4 tests were performed on dogs sedated with xylazine, ketamine and vali

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Zakaria, Sammy, Helaine J. Kwong, Jonathan E. Sevransky, Marlene S. Williams, and Nisha Chandra-Strobos. "Editor’s Choice-The cardiovascular implications of sedatives in the cardiac intensive care unit." European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care 7, no. 7 (2017): 671–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2048872617695231.

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Patients admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit frequently develop multi-organ system dysfunction associated with their cardiac disease. In many cases, invasive mechanical ventilation is required, which often necessitates sedation for patient-ventilator synchrony, reduction of work of breathing, and patient comfort. In this paper, we describe the use of common sedatives available in the endotracheally intubated critically ill patient and emphasize the clinical and cardiovascular effects. We review γ-aminobutyric acid agonists such as etomidate, benzodiazepines, and propofol, the centrally

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Sangal, Aayushi, Mousumi Goswami, Tanu Nangia, Shumayla Khan, Shivangani Shivangani, and Shivya Tuli. "Dexmedetomidine:” Role in Pediatric Dentistry." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 4 (2022): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2022.9.4s1.37.

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A number of sedative agents have been in use in pediatric dentistry to gain a child’s cooperation with dental treatment. Dexmedetomidine is one such agent that was introduced as a sedative in the dental practice in 2005 due to a more stable respiratory drive and higher success rates in allowing pediatric dentists to carry out non-painful dental examinations and procedures compared to other sedatives such as chloral hydrate and midazolam. The most distinguishing feature of this sedative is its ability to produce a form of sedation that mimics natural sleep. The high safety margin of dexmedetomi

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Johard, Einar, Anna Tidholm, Ingrid Ljungvall, Jens Häggström, and Katja Höglund. "Effects of sedation with dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine on echocardiographic variables, blood pressure and heart rate in healthy cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 20, no. 6 (2017): 554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x17720327.

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Objectives Sedative agents are occasionally used to enable echocardiographic examination when screening cats for heart disease, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Owing to their haemodynamic effects, sedative agents may alter echocardiographic measurements. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the sedative combination dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine on echocardiographic variables, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in healthy cats. Methods Fifty healthy, client-owned cats were prospectively recruited and included after physical examination. Cats were sedated intra

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Fêde, A. B., V. da Costa Miranda, F. D. Martins, et al. "Doctor, how long?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): e20653-e20653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20653.

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e20653 Background: In practice it is common to start terminal sedation for patients with advanced cancer who develop physical discomfort not amenable to be treated by other means. We aimed at quantifying the average survival time of terminal cancer patients once sedation was started until death and identify potential variables that may influence their survival time on sedation. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort analysis of all consecutive terminal cancer patients who died after starting terminal sedation at public tertiary brazilian Hospital during 2 years (January 2005 to January 2007).

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Litman, Ronald S., Jennifer L. Hayes, Matthew G. Basco, Alan R. Schwartz, Peter L. Bailey, and Denham S. Ward. "Use of Dynamic Negative Airway Pressure (DNAP) to Assess Sedative-induced Upper Airway Obstruction." Anesthesiology 96, no. 2 (2002): 342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200202000-00019.

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Background Traditional methods of assessing ventilatory effects of sedative agents do not measure their propensity to cause upper airway obstruction (UAO). The primary objective of this study was to develop a method, using dynamic negative airway pressure (DNAP), for replicating UAO during deep sedation. Methods A state of deep sedation (defined as an Observer Assessment of Alertness and Sedation score of 3 and a bispectral index &lt; 80) was attained in 10 healthy volunteers, aged 19-41, using midazolam. Volunteers breathed through a chamber connected to a regulated source of negative pre

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Faisal, Ahmed, Fahisham Taib, Ariffin Nasir, and Norsarwany Mohamad. "Comparison of Effectiveness and Safety of Ketamine with Midazolam Against Higher Dose of Ketamine as Procedural Sedation for Lumbar Puncture in Children with Leukaemia." Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 30, no. 3 (2024): 11–18. https://doi.org/10.51407/mjpch.v30i3.311.

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Introduction: Children with leukaemia often undergo invasive procedures, requiring sedation to ensure a successful outcome. However, sedatives have devastating side effects. Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety between combination ketamine and midazolam compared to a higher dose of ketamine as procedure sedative for lumbar puncture (LP) in children with leukaemia. Method: In a double-blind crossover clinical trial, twenty-nine children with leukaemia underwent LP. We compared two regimens: the KM regimen, which combined intravenous midazolam 0.1mg/kg with ketamine 1mg/kg, and the

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Hampton, Chiara E., Catherine Takawira, Juliet M. Ross, and Chin-Chi Liu. "Sedation Characteristics of Intranasal Alfaxalone in Adult Yucatan Swine." Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 60, no. 2 (2021): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30802/aalas-jaalas-20-000099.

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Compared with intravenous and intramuscular methods, intranasal administration of sedatives is a less invasive and nonpainful technique. In this prospective, randomized, crossover study, we evaluated the sedative characteristics of 2 doses (1 and 2 mg/kg) of alfaxalone administered intranasally to 7 adult Yucatan swine. We compared sedation scores before and after administration of alfaxalone and between groups by using a composite sedation scoring system (range, 0 to 12, with 12 being the highest level of sedation)). Pigs were randomly assigned to receive 2 doses of intranasal alfaxalone (1 m

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Alotaibi, Athari, and Mohammed Alasmari. "Sedation and Delirium Management in the Intensive Care Unit: A Comprehensive Review." JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE SCIENCES 04, no. 01 (2024): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/johs.2024.40113.

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In Intensive Care Units (ICUs), managing pain, sedation, and delirium is critical for patient comfort and outcomes. Historically, deep sedation was common, but advances in ventilator technology and shorteracting sedatives have led to a shift towards lighter sedation strategies. Delirium, often linked to oversedation, is associated with increased mortality and negative long-term outcomes, emphasizing the need for balanced approaches. Current guidelines recommend an "analgesia-first" approach, promoting lighter sedation to minimize ventilation duration and facilitate early mobilization. Preferre

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Beltran Paschoal, Juliana Fontes, Isabelle Pinheiro Santos, Délio Tiago Martins Malaquias, et al. "Comparative Analysis Of The Best Drug Of Choice For Sedation In A Surgical Procedure In Elderly Patients: Pros And Side Effects Of Sedatives." Journal of Anaesthesia 10, no. 1 (2025): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.52338/joa.2025.4595.

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Introduction: With the advance of intensive care medicine, sedatives have come to play a crucial role in the management of critically ill patients, especially those on mechanical ventilation. The development of agents such as dexmedetomidine has revolutionized modern medical practice. The use of sedatives is of fundamental importance in operating theatres, helping to manage anxiety, reduce stress and facilitate surgical and anaesthetic procedures. These substances are mainly used to induce conscious or unconscious sedation, depending on the complexity of the procedure and the patient’s clinica

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Lee, Tae-Yul, Han-Jin Bae, Deok-Woo Kim, and Too Jae Min. "Conscious Sedation Methods for Blepharoplasty in Day Surgery." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 12 (2023): 4099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124099.

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Midazolam and fentanyl, in combination, are the most commonly used medications for conscious sedation in day aesthetic surgeries. Dexmedetomidine is popularly used in the sedation protocol of our hospital due to its reduced respiratory depression. However, its sedation benefits in facial aesthetic surgeries, like blepharoplasty, have not been well-evaluated. We retrospectively compared individuals sedated with midazolam and fentanyl bolus injection (N = 137) and those sedated with dexmedetomidine infusion (N = 113) to determine which is more suitable for blepharoplasty with a mid-cheek lift. T

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Brophy, Alison, Maria Cardinale, Liza B. Andrews, et al. "Prospective Observational Evaluation of Sedation and Pain Management Guideline Adherence Across New Jersey Intensive Care Units." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 32, no. 5 (2018): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190018770549.

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Background: The practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium (PAD) from the Society of Critical Care Medicine shifted from primarily focusing on the treatment of anxiety in 2002 to the treatment of pain in 2013. Objective: This prospective, observational, multicenter study aimed to assess the degree of practice adherence to the PAD guidelines for ventilated patients in New Jersey intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: Pharmacist investigators at 8 centers designated 4 days at least 10 days apart to evaluate all patients on mechanical ventilation. The primary outcomes

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Bruno, Jeffrey J., and Todd W. Canada. "Daily Sedative Interruption in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Limited Data, Numerous Concerns." Hospital Pharmacy 41, no. 10 (2006): 943–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001857870604101006.

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Objective To review the literature regarding daily interruption of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients, the associated clinical outcomes, and the theoretical concerns that remain regarding such practice. Data Sources: A Medline search (1966 to February 2006) was performed using key search terms: critical illness, intensive care units, (analgesics, opioid), hypnotics and sedatives, (infusions, parenteral), drug administration schedule, and sedative interruption. References of identified manuscripts were also evaluated. Study Selection and Data Extraction All English-language articles i

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Konečný, Martin. "Consumption of addictive sedatives and hypnotics in the Czech Republic and addiction on these medicinesfrom the consiliary psychiatric view." Psychiatrie pro praxi 18, no. 3 (2017): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/psy.2017.026.

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Nardi, Julie, Lauren Wong, and Alan Rogers. "548 Volatile Sedation in the Burn Intensive Care Unit: A Quality Improvement Initiative." Journal of Burn Care & Research 44, Supplement_2 (2023): S105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irad045.145.

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Abstract Introduction Achieving optimal sedation and analgesia in patients with major burn injuries can be challenging. Reliance on benzodiazepines results in longer durations of mechanical ventilation, delirium and withdrawal. Recent evidence and local experience in our critical care unit has supported the application of volatile agents such as isoflurane for sedation. A local audit determined that 70% of mechanically ventilated patients in our burn center are managed on 3 or more continuous sedative infusions. The aim of this initiative was to reduce the number of continuous sedative infusio

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Motes, Arunee. "Monitoring sedation during mechanical ventilation." Southwest Respiratory and Critical Care Chronicles 10, no. 45 (2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12746/swrccc.v10i45.1101.

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Sedative medications have been used in intensive care units (ICU) to minimize discomfort, prevent pain /anxiety, allow invasive procedures, reduce stress, and improve synchrony in mechanically ventilated (MV) patients. However, these drugs can have adverse effects resulting in increased length of ICU/hospital stay, health care costs, morbidity, and mortality. This review summarizes the mechanisms of action, usual doses, side effects, adverse effects, contraindications, and recent studies of sedatives which are frequently used in adult ICUs and the sedation assessment tools for measuring qualit

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Inoue, Gen, Yuhei Ohtaki, Kazue Satoh, et al. "Sedation Therapy in Intensive Care Units: Harnessing the Power of Antioxidants to Combat Oxidative Stress." Biomedicines 11, no. 8 (2023): 2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082129.

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In critically ill patients requiring intensive care, increased oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis. Sedatives are widely used for sedation in many of these patients. Some sedatives are known antioxidants. However, no studies have evaluated the direct scavenging activity of various sedative agents on different free radicals. This study aimed to determine whether common sedatives (propofol, thiopental, and dexmedetomidine (DEX)) have direct free radical scavenging activity against various free radicals using in vitro electron spin resonance. Superoxide, hydroxyl radical, sin

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Knabe, Joachim, Horst P. Büch, and Joachim Biwersi. "Zyklische Harnstoffe, 1. Mitt.: Racemate und Enantiomere von Hexahydropyrimidin-2-onen: Synthese, Konfiguration und sedativ-hypnotische Wirkung." Archiv der Pharmazie 326, no. 2 (1993): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ardp.19933260205.

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Knabe, Joachim, Horst P. Büch, and Joachim Biwersi. "Zyklische Harnstoffe, 2. Mitt.: Racemate und Enantiomere von Imidazolidin-2-onen Synthese, Konfiguration und sedativ-hypnotische Wirkung." Archiv der Pharmazie 326, no. 6 (1993): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ardp.19933260605.

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Maltoni, Marco, Emanuela Scarpi, Marta Rosati, et al. "Palliative Sedation in End-of-Life Care and Survival: A Systematic Review." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 12 (2012): 1378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.37.3795.

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Purpose Palliative sedation is a clinical procedure aimed at relieving refractory symptoms in patients with advanced cancer. It has been suggested that sedative drugs may shorten life, but few studies exist comparing the survival of sedated and nonsedated patients. We present a systematic review of literature on the clinical practice of palliative sedation to assess the effect, if any, on survival. Methods A systematic review of literature published between January 1980 and December 2010 was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. Search terms included palliative sedation, terminal sedat

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Batyrbekov, K., and A. Galiakbarova. "EFFICIENCY OF ENDOSCOPIC EXAMINATIONS UNDER SEDATION: EXPERIENCE OF THE NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CANCER CENTER (ASTANA, KAZAKHSTAN)." Oncologia i radiologia Kazakhstana 74, no. 4 (2024): 24–29. https://doi.org/10.52532/2521-6414-2024-4-74-293.

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Relevance: The purpose of sedation during endoscopic procedures is to reduce patient discomfort, including anxiety and pain while maintaining a minimum frequency of side effects associated with taking medications. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of sedation in endoscopic examinations at the National Scientific Oncology Center (NSOC, Astana, Kazakhstan) in 2023, determine the effect of sedatives on the quality of colonoscopy, and provide more theoretical evidence for the clinical use of sedatives. Methods: In 2023, sedation for endoscopic examinations at the outpatient stage wa

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Kennedy, Michele, Dana Bullick, Sharon Barniak, Joanne McGovern, Trisha Patel, and Jeffrey Hoag. "Reducing pain, agitation and delirium to optimize outcomes in mechanically ventilated critically ill oncology patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7_suppl (2016): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.233.

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233 Background: Greater than 60% of cancer patients experience chronic pain which is heightened in critical illness. Optimal pain assessment is challenging in the critically ill leading to under treatment due to sedation during mechanical ventilation (MV). The Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) favors treating pain with intermittent boluses rather than continuous infusions; however,appropriate analgesic doses and means of titration are elusive leading to over sedation, prolonged ventilation, and delirium. Utilization of protocols promotes better nursing assessment of sedation-delirium sc

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Fu, Yuzhi, Qianqian Zhang, Yongxian Jiang та Bingchen Lang. "A comparative evaluation of intranasal α2-adrenoceptor agonists and intranasal midazolam as premedication in pediatric sedation: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". PLOS ONE 18, № 2 (2023): e0281751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281751.

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Background Midazolam and α2-adrenoceptor agonists have been widely used off-label as intranasal sedatives for children. The present meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of two interventions in pediatric sedation. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to April 2022. All randomized controlled trials used intranasal α2-adrenoceptor agonists and midazolam as sedatives in children were enrolled. Parental separation, anesthesia induction or facemask acceptance, sedation level, different hemodynamic parameters and adverse events were considered as outcomes.

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Saraiva, Tatiana de Oliveira, Levy Dalton da Silva Santos, Anna Karoline Liberal Fidelis, et al. "Benefícios da prática do despertar diário em pacientes críticos internados sob sedação em unidades de terapia intensiva." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 8, no. 1 (2025): e76396. https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n1-012.

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Minimizar o uso de sedativos e a utilização de estratégias para sedação que permitem que os pacientes fiquem despertos são benéficos para a melhora clínica e, consequente, menor tempo de internação. Métodos para o desmame da sedação e despertar precoce dos pacientes são utilizados para diminuir o risco de complicações. Um deles é o despertar diário, protocolo o qual permite que a sedação dos pacientes seja revogada no início de cada dia e a sua reação seja observada. O estudo tem como objetivo compreender a importância da utilização da prática do despertar diário em pacientes internados sob o

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Rabari, Haribhai, Beenkumar Prajapati, and Preeti Rajput. "Synthesis and Screening of Some Novel Thieno[2,3-d][1,2,3] triazine Derivatives as Non-sedative H1 Antihistaminics." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 13, no. 4 (2020): 5000–5004. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2020.13.4.5.

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Histamine receptor H1 antagonists are widely used as antihistamines for allergy conditions. The brain-penetrating antihistamines can cause sedation and some with poor-penetration do not cause sedation potential. In the present study, a new series of thieno[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazine derivatives 7a-e have been synthesized and screened for their H1 antihistaminic activity and sedation potential. Among all the screened compounds, compound 7b, 7c and 7d, show high H1 antihistaminic activity with IC50 value of 0.1 - 0.8 µM, which are comparable with that of the standard drug cetirizine. The sedative pot

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Juliana, Fontes Beltran Paschoal1-11; Lívia Pinke Pinheiro6;Thalita Pinheiro Morel Alineri 6; Délio Tiago Martins Malaquias1; Eduardo Tavares de Jesus2; Giuliana Pagliace3; Rafael Pinheiro do Nascimento4; Sarah Olinda de Lima5; Isabela Caminha Mauad6; Willians dos Santos Rocha1; Thayane Gonçalves da Silva Marques1; Aline Cristina Couto da Silva1; Maria Eduarda Pellegrina Vieira4; Gabriel Urquiza Carvalho7; Giovana Casarini Yamashiro7; Eliane Moreira da Silva1; Maria Clara Guimaraes Costa1; Isabela Marini Ferreira7; Rubens Rodrigues Tudela8; José Carlos Ferreira da Silva1; Leonardo Tomé da Silva1; Erica Miriam Fernandes Miranda Vao1; Maria Victoria Moncada Xavier1; Julia Alves Banzati Viana9; Ana Luiza Zampar Quintana Gomes10; Thiago A. Rochetti Bezerra1-12. "Comparative evaluation of drugs for sedation with fewer adverse effects in the elderly." International Journal of Medical Science in Clinical Research and Review 8, no. 01 (2025): 32–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14835293.

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<strong><u>ABSTRACT</u></strong><strong>:</strong> <strong>Introduction</strong>: The use of sedatives in the elderly requires caution due to the increased risk of complications in this age group. Although there are no specific statistics from the Ministry of Health on complications resulting from the use of sedatives in the elderly, studies indicate that polypharmacy and the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are common in this population, increasing the risk of drug interactions and adverse events. <strong>Objectives:</strong> To compare the side effects of the most commonly

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ERDOĞAN, Elif, Selda TEKİN, Esra POLAT, Esra ADIYEKE, and Nurten BAKAN. "Anxiety of parents and children undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy correlates with sedative doses." Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine 6, no. 2 (2023): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1214850.

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Aim: Sedation is a fundamental component of the pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE). The dosing of drugs to be used for sedating the child is an important aspect of the efficacy and safety of procedural sedation. Besides, outpatient procedures are stressful situations for pediatric patients and also their families, and therefore, parental anxiety may affect children indirectly. The first aim of the study was to assess the association between parental anxiety and required sedative dose in children undergoing GIE. The second aim was to assess the factors associated with children’s preoper

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Zein, Ahmed Ragab, Shahad Saad Albishi, Turki Nasser Alotaibi, et al. "Differences in long-term sedation agents used for the critically ill patients." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 2 (2022): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20220073.

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Sedative agents are commonly prescribed for critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The literature has reported many indications for using sedation for critically ill patients. These include reducing and managing high intracranial pressure, resolution of ventilator dyssynchrony, and decreasing agitation or anxiety. Different medications were reported in the literature as good sedatives for critically ill patients. Although very efficacious (benzodiazepines, propofol, and dexmedetomidine), many adverse events (as bradycardia, respiratory and myocardial depression, and

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Chan, Amy MH, Geok Koon Tan, Huey Peng Loh, Sock Huang Lim, and Audrey WL Chia. "Safety and Efficacy of Chloral Hydrate Sedation in Paediatric Sedation for Ophthalmic Procedures." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 46, no. 4 (2017): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v46n4p138.

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Introduction: Chloral hydrate (CH) sedation is routinely used in paediatric ophthalmic examination in Singapore as an alternative to examination under general anaesthesia. Despite CH’s traditionally high success rates and relatively low rate of adverse events, there is little data on its safety and efficacy as a sedative for ophthalmic procedures in an Asian population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed, including children who underwent CH sedation at the Singapore National Eye Centre from January 2012 to January 2015. Participants were given an initial dose of

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