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Journal articles on the topic 'Sediment depth dependence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Singovszka, Eva, Natalia Junakova, and Magdalena Balintova. "The Effect of Sediment Grain Size on Heavy Metal Content in Different Depth in Water Reservoir Ruzin, Slovakia." Solid State Phenomena 244 (October 2015): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.244.240.

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Particle size is a fundamental property of any sediment, which can provide important information about its nature and provenance. The particle size distribution requires precise determination using a rapid and reliable method with a high resolution. Grain size is the essential factor influencing the heavy metal contents in sediment and is the most fundamental property of sediment particles, affecting their entrainment, transport and deposition. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the effect of particle size on heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Fe, Pb and As) distributions in sediments. Depen

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2

Jiang, Yong-Min, Charles W. Holland, Stan E. Dosso, and Jan Dettmer. "Depth and frequency dependence of geoacoustic properties on the New England Mud Patch from reflection coefficient inversion." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4 (2023): 2383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0021309.

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Muddy sediments cover significant portions of continental shelves, but their physical properties remain poorly understood compared to sandy sediments. This paper presents a generally applicable model for sediment-column structure and variability on the New England Mud Patch (NEMP), based on trans-dimensional Bayesian inversion of wide-angle, broadband reflection-coefficient data in this work and in two previously published reflection-coefficient inversions at different sites on the NEMP. The data considered here include higher frequencies and larger bandwidth and cover lower reflection grazing

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3

Godin, Oleg A. "Effects of weak shear rigidity of the seabed on sound propagation in a range-dependent ocean." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (2023): A86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018259.

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The shear wave speed is often small compared to the compressional wave speed in unconsolidated marine sediments. Sediment stratification and especially mass density variation in the seabed enhance the effects of weak shear on acoustic normal modes in range-independent ocean and produce significant shear wave contributions to mode attenuation in shallow water [O. A. Godin, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 149, 3586–3598 (2021)]. A distinctive feature of the shear-induced perturbations in the mode phase speed and attenuation is their rapid variation with sound frequency due to shear wave interference within

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RIBEIRO FILHO, JACQUES CARVALHO, HELBA ARAÚJO DE QUEIROZ PALÁCIO, EUNICE MAIA DE ANDRADE, JÚLIO CÉSAR NEVES DOS SANTOS, and JOSÉ BANDEIRA BRASIL. "RAINFALL CHARACTERIZATION AND SEDIMENTOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF WATERSHEDS WITH DIFFERENT LAND USES TO PRECIPITATION IN THE SEMIARID REGION OF BRAZIL." Revista Caatinga 30, no. 2 (2017): 468–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n222rc.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluated the precipitation characteristics (depth, I30 and erosivity) and their effects on sediment production in three watersheds under different managements of land use 35-year regenerating Caatinga (RC), thinned Caatinga (TC), which underwent thinning of trees with diameter smaller than 10 cm; and deforested Caatinga (followed by burning and pasture) (DC). The experimente was conducted in the central, tropical semiarid region of the State of Ceará, Brazil. The precipitation events, surface runoff and sediment production were monitored from 2010 to

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Kranenborg, Joost W. M., Geert H. P. Campmans, Niels G. Jacobsen, Jebbe J. van der Werf, Ad J. H. M. Reniers, and Suzanne J. M. H. Hulscher. "Depth-Resolved Modelling of Intra-Swash Morphodynamics Induced by Solitary Waves." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 9 (2022): 1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091175.

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We present a fully coupled 2DV morphodynamic model, implemented in OpenFOAM® that is capable of simulating swash-zone morphodynamics of sandy beaches. The hydrodynamics are described by the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations with a k−ω turbulence model and the Volume of Fluid (VoF) approach for discriminating between air and water. Sediment transport is described in terms of bedload and suspended load transport. We show that the default divergence scheme in OpenFOAM can become numerically unstable and lead to negative sediment concentrations, and propose a solution to avoid this

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6

Kaufman, P., J. P. Grotzinger, and D. S. McCormick. "Depth-dependent diffusion algorithm for simulation of sedimentation in shallow marine depositional systems." Bulletin (Kansas Geological Survey), no. 233 (April 16, 2024): 489–508. https://doi.org/10.17161/kgsbulletin.no.233.20474.

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An algorithm has been developed to simulate sediment dispersal on shallow marine siliciclastic, carbonate, and mixed siliciclastic-carbonate shelves. The algorithm is based on a diffusion scheme in which the diffusion coefficient decays exponentially with water depth. The rationale for using a varying diffusion coefficient lies in the observation that on marine shelves wave energy and therefore bed shear stress decay exponentially with water depth. Thus sediment flux cannot be modeled by a diffusive process based on a linear dependence on slope alone. This approach is probably most appropriate

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7

Ballard, Megan S., Dante D. Garcia, Kevin M. Lee, et al. "Direct measurements of sediment geoacoustic properties in the New England Mud Patch and shelf break." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 156, no. 4 (2024): 2889–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0032469.

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This paper reports on an original set of direct sound speed measurements collected with the acoustic coring system in the New England Mud Patch (NEMP) and shelf break area to the south. Cores collected within the NEMP show range-dependence of the mud with slower sound speed and lower attenuation on the west side. In the shelf break region, the highest sound speeds are observed between the 200- and 350-m isobaths. The depth-dependence of the mud layer in the NEMP includes a surficial layer with a negative sound speed gradient of 28 s−1. The remainder of the mud column has a weak positive sound

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8

Kanzaki, Yoshiki, Bernard P. Boudreau, Sandra Kirtland Turner, and Andy Ridgwell. "A lattice-automaton bioturbation simulator with coupled physics, chemistry, and biology in marine sediments (eLABS v0.2)." Geoscientific Model Development 12, no. 10 (2019): 4469–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4469-2019.

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Abstract. Seawater–sediment interaction is a crucial factor in carbon and nutrient cycling on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. This interaction is mediated not just through geochemistry but also via biology. Infauna vigorously mix sediment particles, enhance porewater–seawater exchange, and consequently, facilitate chemical reactions. In turn, the ecology and activity of benthic fauna are impacted by their environment, amplifying the sensitivity of seawater–sediment interaction to environmental change. However, numerical representation of the bioturbation of sediment has often been

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9

Dettmer, Jan, Charles W. Holland, and Stan E. Dosso. "Transdimensional uncertainty estimation for dispersive seabed sediments." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 3 (2013): WB63—WB76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0358.1.

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We have applied probabilistic inversion using a transdimensional hierarchical model to ocean-acoustic reflection measurements to recover shallow sediment structure including sound-velocity dispersion, frequency-dependent attenuation, and their uncertainties. Parameter and uncertainty inferences were obtained from Markov-chain simulations using the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm for transdimensional models where the number of sediment layers is unknown. Transdimensional algorithms often exhibit slow convergence that is greatly exacerbated by computationally intensive data predictions. Advances w

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10

Amoussou, Ernest, Henri S. Totin Vodounon, Expédit W. Vissin, Gil Mahé, and Marc Lucien Oyédé. "Sedimentary evolution and ecosystem change in Ahémé lake, south-west Benin." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 377 (April 16, 2018): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-377-91-2018.

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Abstract. Tropical moist ecosystems, such as Ahémé lake, south-west Benin, are increasingly marked by water degradation, linked with the activities of increasing riparian populations. The objective of this study is to analyze sedimentary dynamics and its influence on the changing ecosystem of Ahémé lake from 1961–2010. Data used to carry out the study are records of precipitation, flows, turbidity, suspended sediment, mineral elements and bathymetry. Grain size data from the sieving of sediment samples were used to interpret suspended solids distribution in the lake. Linear correlation coeffic

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Venegas, Gabriel R., Kevin M. Lee, Megan Ballard, Andrew R. McNeese, and Preston S. Wilson. "Broadband core and resonance logger measurements of sound speed and attenuation in the New England mud patch." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015683.

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Extensive measurements of sound speed and attenuation have been performed on sandy sediments over the last few decades, which have motivated a variety of physical sediment acoustics models. Recently, the seabed characterization experiment (SBCEX) was performed in 2015–2017, in part, to quantify the geoacoustic properties of a clayey-silt accumulation, known as the New England Mud Patch (NEMP). Due to the variability and frequency range reported by the various direct measurements and geoacoustic inversions, the sound speed measured in the NEMP lacked any noticeable frequency dependence. In 2022

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12

Podsetchine, V., and T. Huttula. "Modelling Sedimentation and Resuspension in Lakes." Water Quality Research Journal 29, no. 2-3 (1994): 309–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1994.020.

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Abstract A 2-D vertical flow and suspended matter transport model and a 3-D transport model are described. Existing parameterizations of resuspension and deposition of sediments on the bottom are discussed. Models were applied for calculation of unsteady sediment transport in Lake Karhijärvi, Finland, for a five-day period with high winds and heavy rain in autumn 1992. A parabolic distribution of vertical eddy diffusivity was found to be applicable. Erosion was approximated with cubic dependence on bed shear stress. The 3-D model showed that the observed turbidity peak in the middle of the lak

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Gudimenko, Aleksei I., Alyona D. Zakharenko, and Pavel S. Petrov. "Comment on: “Anomalous reflection from a two-layered marine sediment” [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 155, 1285–1296 (2024)] (L)." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 156, no. 3 (2024): 1524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0028366.

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Buckingham [(2024). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 155, 1285–1296] analyzed the dependence of the reflection coefficient on the grazing angle in two-layer marine sediment model. The upper layer in his model consists of a fine-grained material (mud), while seawater and the basement below the mud layer are treated as homogeneous halfspaces. Buckingham's analyses revealed several narrow spikes in this dependence that appeared only in the presence of a sound velocity gradient in the mud layer, a phenomenon he called acoustic glint. His derivation was accomplished for certain specific dependencies of the soun

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14

Khan, U. T., C. Valeo, A. Chu, and B. van Duin. "Bioretention cell efficacy in cold climates: Part 2 — water quality performance." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 39, no. 11 (2012): 1222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l2012-111.

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Field and column experiments were conducted to test the ability of bioretention cells to improve urban runoff quality. The effects of cold climate conditions, media depth, long-term operation, and extreme loading were analyzed. Field experiments demonstrated significant decrease in contaminant mass, which was a function of the large runoff volume capture. Significant decreases in concentration for sediment (96%), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD, 8%), and total phosphorus (0.6%) were noted. Long-term simulation experiments demonstrated a decrease in effluent concentration over time, suggesting a

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15

Johnson, Bradley D., and Ernest R. Smith. "MATERIAL PLACEMENT IN THE NEARSHORE: LABORATORY AND NUMERICAL MODEL INVESTIGATION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.sediment.126.

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Typical practice for a century has been to transport dredged sand to an offshore disposal site in deep water where the sediment is lost from the littoral system. The alternative of nearshore placement can retain the sand, but the fate of the material is poorly understood. A set of laboratory experiments were conducted, using tracer sand, with the intent of quantifying the migration of material with alternative dredged mound placements within the surf zone. Conventional depth-integrated tracer sand transport models can utilize a correction factor or a gradient diffusion mechanism to represent t

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16

Fowler, A. C., and M. Chapwanya. "An instability theory for the formation of ribbed moraine, drumlins and mega-scale glacial lineations." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 470, no. 2171 (2014): 20140185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0185.

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We present a theory for the coupled flow of ice, subglacial water and subglacial sediment, which is designed to represent the processes which occur at the bed of an ice sheet. The ice is assumed to flow as a Newtonian viscous fluid, the water can flow between the till and the ice as a thin film, which may thicken to form streams or cavities, and the till is assumed to be transported, either through shearing by the ice, squeezing by pressure gradients in the till, or by fluvial sediment transport processes in streams or cavities. In previous studies, it was shown that the dependence of ice slid

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17

Zhao, Xinglei, Jianfei Gao, Hui Xia, and Fengnian Zhou. "Retrieval of Suspended Sediment Concentration from Bathymetric Bias of Airborne LiDAR." Sensors 22, no. 24 (2022): 10005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s222410005.

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In addition to depth measurements, airborne LiDAR bathymetry (ALB) has shown usefulness in suspended sediment concentration (SSC) inversion. However, SSC retrieval using ALB based on waveform decomposition or near-water-surface penetration by green lasers requires access to full-waveform data or infrared laser data, which are not always available for users. Thus, in this study we propose a new SSC inversion method based on the depth bias of ALB. Artificial neural networks were used to build an empirical inversion model by connecting the depth bias and SSC. The proposed method was verified usin

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18

Alfken, Susanne, Lars Wörmer, Julius S. Lipp, et al. "Disrupted coherence between upwelling strength and redox conditions reflects source water change in Santa Barbara Basin during the 20th century." Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology 36, no. 12 (2021): e2021PA004354. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021PA004354.

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Abstract Varved sediments from the center of the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) off southern California are a valuable archive for high-resolution climate reconstruction. Using mass spectrometry imaging of lipid biomarkers, this study examines interactions of perennial upwelling strength and oxygen-driven redox conditions at the sediment-water interface from 1900 CE to 2009. In the SBB, variations in upwelling are recorded by isoprenoidal tetraethers from planktonic archaea, while the redox-sensitive C<sub>29</sub> stanol/stenol ratio reflects oxygen content in the bottom water and surficial sedime

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19

Khodzinskaya, Anna Gennadievna. "THE BORDERS OF THE RIDGE FORMS OF SEDIMENT MOVEMENT." Vestnik MGSU, no. 9 (September 2015): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2015.9.122-129.

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The article describes the active equilibrium motion of bed forms, which occurs in rivers during high water periods. The authors consider the relation between an average size of the particles of which little bed-forms (rifles) are formed and an average size of non-cohesive material in case of which armoring is formed in a river. These particles have a diameter of 0.5…0.6 mm. This boundary is associated with different mechanisms of stability loss for smaller particles, for which the probability of weighing is greater than for the larger particles. The article offers the extrapolation of the depe

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Leont’yev, I. O. "Storm-induced deformations of barred beach slope." Океанология 59, no. 1 (2019): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0030-1574591125-132.

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It is shown that behavior of the multiple-bar system during a storm can be described in frameworks of the model assuming that bars move toward the sea with almost the same mean speed, while the over-bar depths increase in accordance with the local bed slope. Analysis of suspended-sediment balance over the bar crest leads to expression for the bar movement speed, which demonstrates very strong dependence on ratio of wave height to the over-bar depth. Using empirical criterion of bar activity the model suggested is capable assess the bar displacement during a storm action and predict the post-st

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21

Blondeaux, Paolo, Giovanna Vittori, Antonello Bruschi, Francesco Lalli, and Valeria Pesarino. "Steady streaming and sediment transport at the bottom of sea waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 697 (March 16, 2012): 115–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.50.

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AbstractThe flow and sediment transport in the boundary layer at the sea bottom due to the passage of surface waves are determined by considering small values of the wave steepness and of the ratio between the thickness of the boundary layer and the local water depth. Both the velocity field and the sediment transport rate are determined up to the second order of approximation thus evaluating both the steady streaming and the net (wave-averaged) flux of sediment induced by nonlinear effects. The flow regime is assumed to be turbulent and a two-equation turbulence model is used to close the pro

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Dall'Osto, David R., Peter H. Dahl, Gopu R. Potty, and James H. Miller. "Vector properties of the low-frequency acoustic waves generated by earthquakes on the New England Bight." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015994.

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During a recent ONR experiment on the Northwest Atlantic continental shelf (i.e. New England Bight), a series of earthquakes occurred roughly 120 km from the 40 km × 20 km experimental area. A strong signal from these earthquakes was received by near-bottom vector sensors (the intensity vector acoustic recorders, IVARs) and high-bandwidth ocean-bottom seismometers (OBXs) embedded in the thick muddy sediments characteristic of the area. The events are roughly 30 seconds in duration, and are low-frequency (from 3 to 40 Hz). As such, energy is observed well below the acoustic cut-off frequency of

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23

Engelstad, Anita, Gerben Ruessink, Piet Hoekstra, and Maarten van der Vegt. "Sediment Transport Processes during Barrier Island Inundation under Variations in Cross-Shore Geometry and Hydrodynamic Forcing." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 7 (2019): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7070210.

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Inundation of barrier islands can cause severe morphological changes, from the break-up of islands to sediment accretion. The response will depend on island geometry and hydrodynamic forcing. To explore this dependence, the non-hydrostatic wave model SWASH was used to investigate the relative importance of bedload transport processes, such as transport by mean flow, short- (0.05–1 Hz) and infragravity (0.005–0.05 Hz) waves during barrier island inundation for different island configurations and hydrodynamic conditions. The boundary conditions for the model are based on field observations on a

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Shaposhnikov, E. A., and I. V. Melnik. "Sediments of an underwater tunnel constructed by the immersed sections method." E3S Web of Conferences 549 (2024): 03030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454903030.

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In St. Petersburg there is a necessity to build a large number of underwater tunnels for various purposes. The construction of tunnels using the method of immersed sections is the most complex and high-tech, but at the same time competitive construction method, requiring the solution of a non-standard engineering task at each stage. The aim of the study is to analyze the sediment of the immersed tunnel section depending on the deformation characteristics of the underlying sand covering and the different depth of the bedrock of the Proterozoic clays. The calculations were completed using mathem

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Kurehin, Eugeny, and Mark Hellmer. "On Influence of the Earth’s Surface Relief on the Volumes of Overburden at Coal Open Pit Mining with Land-Saving Dumping." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 01031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910501031.

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Opencast mining of coal deposits is a priority in Russia, while providing coal to the domestic and foreign markets. Despite reasonable concerns about air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, coal use will continue to be significant in the future. Consequently, it is necessary to introduce less polluting and more efficient technologies in the industry in the coming decades. Coal deposits are being developed by the open method with a limited deposit length. An indicator for estimating volumes is proposed -the ratio of sediment fraction in a quarry. The dependence of the sediment fraction in t

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26

Sowiżdżał, Krzysztof, Tomasz Słoczyński, Anna Sowiżdżał, Bartosz Papiernik, and Grzegorz Machowski. "Miocene Biogas Generation System in the Carpathian Foredeep (SE Poland): A Basin Modeling Study to Assess the Potential of Unconventional Mudstone Reservoirs." Energies 13, no. 7 (2020): 1838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071838.

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This paper presents the results of a research project aimed at evaluating the unconventional natural gas potential of the autochthonous Miocene sediments in the Polish part of the Carpathian Foredeep. The primary objective of the study was to re-evaluate the biogenic gas generation system within Miocene sediments, paying special attention to unconventional gas resources accumulated in tight mudstone formations. The four-dimensional (4D) petroleum system modeling method (PetroMod software) was used to reconstruct the basin geometry and three-dimensional (3D) evolution through a geological times

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27

Tucker-Kulesza, Stacey E., Gretchen F. Sassenrath, Tri Tran, Weston Koehn, and Lauren Erickson. "Site-Specific Erodibility in Claypan Soils: Dependence on Subsoil Characteristics." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 33, no. 5 (2017): 705–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.12120.

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Abstract. Soil erosion is a primary factor limiting the productive capacity of many crop production fields and contributing to sediment and nutrient impairments of water bodies. Loss of topsoil is especially critical for areas of limited topsoil depth, such as the claypan area of the central United States. More than a century of conventional agricultural practices have eroded the topsoil and, in places, exposed the unproductive clay layer. This clay layer is impervious, limiting water infiltration and root penetration, and severely restricting agricultural productivity. Previous studies have d

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Primeau, François. "On the variability of the exponent in the power law depth dependence of POC flux estimated from sediment traps." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 53, no. 8 (2006): 1335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2006.06.003.

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Knobles, D. P., Tracianne B. Neilsen, William S. Hodgkiss, and John A. Goff. "Inference of source signatures of merchant ships in shallow ocean environments." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 5 (2024): 3144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0025983.

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An ocean acoustics experiment in 2017 near a shipping lane on the New England continental shelf in about 75 m of water provided an opportunity to evaluate a methodology to extract source signatures of merchant ships in a bottom-limited environment. The data of interest are the received acoustic levels during approximately 20 min time intervals centered at the closest position of approach (CPA) time for each channel on two 16-element vertical line arrays. At the CPA ranges, the received levels exhibit a frequency-dependent peak and null structure, which possesses information about the geophysic

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Oscar, Msamba. "Developing a Stochastic Model for Studying and Simulating Sediment Transport in Ports and Harbors." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (ijasre) 5, no. 9 (2019): Sretechjournal Publication. https://doi.org/10.31695/IJASRE.2019.33527.

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<em>A particle model to describe and predict sediment transport in shallow water is developed with the use of random walk models. The model is developed by showing consistency between the Fokker-Plank equation and the Advection diffusion equations. Erosion and deposition process in the model are developed probabilistically where the erosion term is considered to be a constant and deposition term is taken as a function by relating sediment settling velocity and diffusion coefficient. Eventually, we simulated the particle model by considering three environment tests. In each environment test the

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ter BRAKE, MIRIAM C., and HENK M. SCHUTTELAARS. "Channel and shoal development in a short tidal embayment: an idealized model study." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 677 (May 3, 2011): 503–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.97.

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In many tidal embayments, complex patterns of channels and shoals are observed. To gain a better understanding of these features, an idealized model, that describes the interaction of water motion, sediment transport and bed evolution in a semi-enclosed, rectangular basin, is developed and analysed. To explain the initial formation of channels and shoals, two-dimensional perturbations superposed on a laterally uniform equilibrium bottom are studied. These perturbations evolve due to convergences of various residual suspended sediment fluxes: a diffusive flux, a flux related to the bed topograp

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Lima, I. D., P. J. Lam, and S. C. Doney. "Dynamics of particulate organic carbon flux in a global ocean model." Biogeosciences 11, no. 4 (2014): 1177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1177-2014.

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Abstract. The sinking of particulate organic carbon (POC) is a key component of the ocean carbon cycle and plays an important role in the global climate system. However, the processes controlling the fraction of primary production that is exported from the euphotic zone (export ratio) and how much of it survives respiration in the mesopelagic to be sequestered in the deep ocean (transfer efficiency) are not well understood. In this study, we use a three-dimensional, coupled physical–biogeochemical model (CCSM–BEC; Community Climate System Model–ocean Biogeochemical Elemental Cycle) to investig

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Lima, I. D., P. J. Lam, and S. C. Doney. "Dynamics of particulate organic carbon flux in a global ocean model." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 9 (2013): 14715–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-14715-2013.

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Abstract. The sinking of particulate organic carbon (POC) is a key component of the ocean carbon cycle and plays an important role in the global climate system. However, the processes controlling the fraction of primary production that is exported from the euphotic zone (export ratio) and how much of it survives respiration in the mesopelagic to be sequestered in the deep ocean (transfer efficiency) are not well understood. In this study, we use a three-dimensional, coupled physical-biogeochemical model (CCSM-BEC) to investigate the processes controlling the export of particulate organic matte

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de Leeuw, Jan, Michael P. Lamb, Gary Parker, et al. "Entrainment and suspension of sand and gravel." Earth Surface Dynamics 8, no. 2 (2020): 485–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-485-2020.

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Abstract. The entrainment and suspension of sand and gravel are important for the evolution of rivers, deltas, coastal areas, and submarine fans. The prediction of a vertical profile of suspended sediment concentration typically consists of assessing (1) the concentration near the bed using an entrainment relation and (2) the upward vertical distribution of sediment in the water column. Considerable uncertainty exists in regard to both of these steps, especially the near-bed concentration. Most entrainment relations have been tested against limited grain-size-specific data, and no relations ha

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Cunningham, Erin, and Vedran Lekic. "Constraining crustal structure in the presence of sediment: a multiple converted wave approach." Geophysical Journal International 219, no. 1 (2019): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz298.

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SUMMARY Receiver functions are sensitive to sharp seismic velocity variations with depth and are commonly used to constrain crustal thickness. The H–κ stacking method of Zhu & Kanamori is often used to constrain both the crustal thickness (H) and ${V_P}$/${V_S}$ ratio ($\kappa $) beneath a seismic station using P-to-s converted waves (Ps). However, traditional H–κ stacks require an assumption of average crustal velocity (usually ${V_P}$). Additionally, large amplitude reverberations from low velocity shallow layers, such as sedimentary basins, can overprint sought-after crustal signals, re

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Mohammad Abutaha, Saja, Janos Geiger, Ferenc Fedor, and Sandor Gulyas. "Continuous Wavelet Transformation to Quantify small-scale Cycles of Petrophysical Properties; a New Approach Applied in a Potential Disposal Repository of Nuclear Waste, SW Hungary." Geologia Croatica 76, no. 3 (2023): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4154/gc.2023.11.

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Continuous Wavelet Transformation (CWT) was applied to study the small-scale repetitive oscillations of porosity distribution patterns in a 5 m silty-claystone core sample of the Boda Claystone Formation. We handled the fluctuations in voxel porosity averages over unequal depth distributions as signals over uneven time intervals. The strength of wavelet analysis lies in the ability to study the fluctuation of a signal in detail, i.e., the wavelet transforms permit automatic localization of the cyclic attributes' sequences both in time (the depth domain) and according to their frequency (the fr

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Ter-Petrosyan, Gevorg. "The analytical presentation of solid border basement in conditions of solid stamp effect." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199702016.

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The current level of construction and, moreover, the future value the right apressiation of mechanical capabilities of the structure basement. The calculation of additional resource of strength basement of each structure brings to increasing of value of structure. The increasing of reliability and sustainability of structures is one of the problems of modern applied mechanics. The correct assessment of the strength of basement is very important in solving this problem. It is still conditional to determine the computational depth of basement. Numerous experimental studies have shown that in the

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Kuehn, H., L. Lembke-Jene, R. Gersonde, et al. "Laminated sediments in the Bering Sea reveal atmospheric teleconnections to Greenland climate on millennial to decadal timescales during the last deglaciation." Climate of the Past 10, no. 6 (2014): 2215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2215-2014.

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Abstract. During the last glacial termination, the upper North Pacific Ocean underwent dramatic and rapid changes in oxygenation that lead to the transient intensification of oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), recorded by the widespread occurrence of laminated sediments on circum-Pacific continental margins. We present a new laminated sediment record from the mid-depth (1100 m) northern Bering Sea margin that provides insight into these deglacial OMZ maxima with exceptional, decadal-scale detail. Combined ultrahigh-resolution micro-X-ray-fluorescence (micro-XRF) data and sediment facies analysis of

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Amir, Mohammad, Vladimir I. Nikora, and Mark T. Stewart. "Pressure forces on sediment particles in turbulent open-channel flow: a laboratory study." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 757 (September 19, 2014): 458–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.498.

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AbstractAn experimental investigation into the fluctuating pressure acting on sediment particles on the bed of an open-channel flow was carried out in a large laboratory flume for a range of flow depths and bed slopes. The pressure measurements were made using 23 spherical particles instrumented with differential pressure sensors. These measurements were complemented with simultaneous measurements of the velocity field using high-resolution stereoscopic particle image velocimetry. The pressure statistics show that the standard deviations of the drag and lift fluctuations vary from 2.0 to 2.6 a

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Kerner, Claudia, and Peter E. Harris. "Scattering attenuation in sediments modeled by ARMA processes—Validation of simple Q models." GEOPHYSICS 59, no. 12 (1994): 1813–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443569.

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We investigate the data requirements for a reliable analysis of frequency‐dependent Q caused by scattering in a finely layered geological structure. Numerical wave propagation experiments in stochastic models were performed. We set up autoregressive‐moving average [ARMA(1,1)] models for the reflection coefficients with non‐Gaussian distribution functions and used published parameter sets estimated for sedimentary sequences from real log data. For ARMA models, analytical expressions for the scattering attenuation α and the quality factor Q can be derived from the O’Doherty‐Anstey formula. The a

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TOLSTOY, A. "TOMOGRAPHIC INVERSION FOR GEOACOUSTIC PARAMETERS IN SHALLOW WATER." Journal of Computational Acoustics 08, no. 02 (2000): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218396x00000248.

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This paper examines the linearized tomographic inversion of simulated data for a shallow water, multi-array, multi-source scenario. The environments represented include simulations of (1) highly idealized constant regions as well as (2) the Haro Strait Test of June 1996 which displays range, depth, and azimuthal variability, i.e., 3-D dependence on environmental parameters where these parameters can include water depths and multiple sediment sound-speed profiles, densities, depths, and attenuations. This tomographic inversion method is independent of the number of parameters to be determined.

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Abrahamson, Norman, Gail Atkinson, David Boore, et al. "Comparisons of the NGA Ground-Motion Relations." Earthquake Spectra 24, no. 1 (2008): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2924363.

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The data sets, model parameterizations, and results from the five NGA models for shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions are compared. A key difference in the data sets is the inclusion or exclusion of aftershocks. A comparison of the median spectral values for strike-slip earthquakes shows that they are within a factor of 1.5 for magnitudes between 6.0 and 7.0 for distances less than 100 km. The differences increase to a factor of 2 for M5 and M8 earthquakes, for buried ruptures, and for distances greater than 100 km. For soil sites, the differences in the modeling of soil/sedi

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Sui, Titi, Leon Heine Staunstrup, Stefan Carstensen, and David R. Fuhrman. "NEW RATIONAL MODEL FOR THE CURRENT-INDUCED THREE DIMENSIONAL SCOUR BENEATH SUBMERGED PIPELINES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.sediment.11.

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New experiments involving the three-dimensional current-induced live-bed scour beneath submerged horizontal cylinders are presented, spanning larger Shields parameter and cylinder-to-sediment diameter ratio than previous studies. Specific emphasis is on gaining a better understanding of, and ability to predict, the span migration velocity during the initial and subsequent development of such a scour hole. Consistent with previous experimental observations, both a primary (faster) and secondary (slower) span migration are observed. Process visualization of suspended sediment patterns are in lin

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Miao, Hongbo, Li Li, Yuxiang Zhang, Ran Cao, Manxin Liu, and Bowei Zhang. "Correction physics-informed neural network-aided matched field processing technique for underwater passive source range estimation." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 158, no. 1 (2025): 235–58. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0037090.

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Matched field processing (MFP), a technique that is extensively used for underwater passive source ranging, primarily faces a challenge of replica environmental mismatch. In this paper, a correction physics-informed neural network (CrPINN)-aided MFP (CrPIMFP), a data-efficient and physics-conforming ranging method, is proposed. The CrPINN uses very few measured data to correct replicas generated by acoustic propagation model to mitigate mismatches. During this process, a normalized correction loss is applied to align the replica with the measured field. Additionally, CrPINN integrates the Helm

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Anarde, Katherine, Jens Figlus, Damien Sous, and Marion Tissier. "Transformation of Infragravity Waves during Hurricane Overwash." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8 (2020): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8080545.

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Infragravity (IG) waves are expected to contribute significantly to coastal flooding and sediment transport during hurricane overwash, yet the dynamics of these low-frequency waves during hurricane impact remain poorly documented and understood. This paper utilizes hydrodynamic measurements collected during Hurricane Harvey (2017) across a low-lying barrier-island cut (Texas, U.S.A.) during sea-to-bay directed flow (i.e., overwash). IG waves were observed to propagate across the island for a period of five hours, superimposed on and depth modulated by very-low frequency storm-driven variabilit

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Adebisi, Warith Adewale, Ismail Oluwaseye Folorunso, Hussain Olanrewaju Abubakar, Saminu Olatunji, and Michael Opeoluwa Olaojo. "Delineating Structural Features Related to Hydrothermal Alterations for Possible Mineralization in Share Area, Kwara State Nigeria Using Aeromagnetic Data." Indonesian Journal of Earth Sciences 4, no. 2 (2024): A1265. https://doi.org/10.52562/injoes.2024.1265.

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Mineral deposits of significant economic value are abundant in the subsurface of Nigeria, presenting a promising alternative to the nations over dependence on petroleum revenues. This study interprets aeromagnetic data from Share, Kwara State, Nigeria, to delineate subsurface structural features associated with hydrothermal zones, which are key indicators for potential mineralization. The methodologies applied upward continuation, analytic signal, tilt derivative, and first vertical derivative (FVD). These offer insights into subsurface geology that can be broadly applied in geophysical explor

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YEROFIEIEV, Artem, and Ihor BEREZOVSKY. "On content, migration and concentration of heavy metals in oils (by the example of the Dnieper-Donets Depression)." Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals 4, no. 181 (2019): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2019.04.096.

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Literature review and analysis of previous studies of the problem was carried. The main scientific works on the research topic, as well as the main directions and stages of the study are indicated. Similar studies that were conducted on the territory of Ukraine are considered. The results of the study of heavy metals in oil samples taken from a large oil and gas region from more than thirty deposits of Ukraine are presented. All current and non-working fields are considered. The geological structure of the oil and gas province, as well as the main geochemical features of the formation of miner

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Mahalder, Badal, John S. Schwartz, Angelica M. Palomino, and Jon Zirkle. "Scour Hole Development in Natural Cohesive Bed Sediment around Cylinder-Shaped Piers Subjected to Varying Sequential Flow Events." Water 13, no. 22 (2021): 3289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13223289.

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Scour evolution and propagation around a cylinder in natural cohesive sediment was uniquely investigated under multi-flow event varying sequentially by velocity magnitudes. This flume study differs from others that only used test sediment with commercially available clays for single flow. The objective of this study was to explore the potential differences in scour hole development in natural riverbed sediments subjected to varying flow velocity scenarios, advancing our understanding from existing studies on scour. The study consisted of 18 experimental runs based on: velocity, flow duration,

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Kozlovskiy, Vladimir, and Ivan Smirnov. "About the elemental foundations of the supports of high-voltage lines." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University 21, no. 2 (2024): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2024-02-489-497.

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Purpose: to substantiate the possibility of using the foundations of supports of high-voltage lines in the form of dispersed horizontal elements combined into a single structure for the perception of alternating loads. To determine by experimental and computational methods the effect of the mutual displacement of elements in the form of an increase in the bearing capacity of foundations and a decrease in their deformations under the influence of pressing and pulling loads. To show the possibility of replacing slab foundations of supports of high-voltage lines with structures made of prefabrica

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Jiang, Yong-Min, Charles W. Holland, Stan Dosso, and Jan Dettmer. "A general model for sediment-column structure on the New England Mud Patch from Bayesian geoacoustic inversion of seabed reflection data." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4_supplement (2023): A134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023035.

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Muddy sediments cover significant portions of continental shelves, but their physical properties remain poorly understood compared to sandy sediments. To explore the spatial and frequency dependencies of mud properties, wide-angle seabed reflection coefficients versus grazing angle and frequency were measured on the New England Mud Patch (NEMP) during the 2017 Seabed Characterization Experiment. This paper presents trans-dimensional Bayesian inversion of reflection coefficients within a frequency band of 1–3 kHz and an angular range of ∼15–25° to obtain geoacoustic profiles and associated unce

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