Academic literature on the topic 'Sédiment (Géologie)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sédiment (Géologie)"
VAUCLIN, S., B. MOURIER, and T. WINIARSKI. "De l’intérêt de coupler méthodes géophysiques et carottages sédimentaires pour l’étude des sédiments fluviaux." Techniques Sciences Méthodes 11 (November 20, 2019): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/201911033.
Full textde Boutray, Bernard, and Claude Hillaire-Marcel. "Aperçu géologique du substratum et des dépôts meubles quaternaires dans la région de Blanc-Sablon, Québec." Dynamique et paléogéographie de l’inlandsis laurentidien 31, no. 3-4 (January 17, 2011): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000273ar.
Full textAlaoui Mhamdi, M., L. Aleya, S. Rachiq, and J. Devaux. "Étude préliminaire sur les échanges de phosphore à l'interface eau- sédiment au sein de la retenue d'Al Massira (Maroc)." Revue des sciences de l'eau 7, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705192ar.
Full textPeulvast, Jean-Pierre. "Le Bourrelet scandinave et les Calédonides : un essai de reconstitution des modalités de la morphogenèse en Norvège." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 32, no. 4 (January 25, 2011): 295–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000330ar.
Full textQuentin, A., and A. Pellet. "Détermination du fond géochimique pour les métaux dissous dans les eaux de surface du bassin Seine-Normandie." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 9 (September 2019): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201909033.
Full textPickrill, Richard A., and David J. W. Piper. "MARINE GEOLOGY IN ATLANTIC CANADA - A GOVERNMENT PERSPECTIVE." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 43, no. 2 (November 1, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v43i2.3638.
Full textBolduc, Andrée, and Mathieu J. Duchesne. "Découverte de mégadunes dans l’estuaire moyen du fleuve Saint-Laurent, Québec, Canada." 22, no. 2 (June 15, 2009): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037478ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Sédiment (Géologie)"
Torres, Escamez José. "Analyse détaillée du transfert de sédiment du continent vers le bassin : le quaternaire terminal au large du delta du Rhône (Méditerranée nord-occidentale)." Brest, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BRES2028.
Full textNguyen, Duc Hau. "Interaction fluides-particules solides à l'interface eau-sédiment : Une approche de modélisation diphasique : Une approche de modélisation diphasique." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2085.
Full textThis work is devoted to the study of fluid-particle interactions at the sediment-water interface by a two-phase flow modelling approach. The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is used to analyze numerical data. The developed approach differs from the classical one by resolving the mass and momentum equations and the transport equation for turbulent kinetic energy, separately for each phase. Transfer terms of momentum and turbulent kinetic energy between phases take into account fluid-particle interactions. Two problems in which an interface between the clear water and the very dense mixture (water and sediment) are considered: the dredged-sediment releases in the seawater and the instability at the interface between the clear water and the heavy suspension (mixture of water and sediment like mud) (Kelvin-Helmholtz instability). The two-phase flow modelling reproduces quantitatively the main processes involved in sediment transport of non-cohesive particles in very dense suspensions. Especially, the numerical results confirm the existence of a horizontal velocity lag between the fluid and particles. The flow within this structure is successfully captured by a few POD eigenfunctions
Belbahri, Smai͏̈n. "Relation eau - sédiment en épuration par lagunage naturel : étude de laboratoire applicable en climat méditerranéen." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20219.
Full textBourezgui, Yassine. "Contribution à la caractérisation de la composante organique d'un sédiment urbain (cas du Bras mort de la Deûle)." Paris 12, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA120025.
Full textVan, Lan Anh. "Modélisation du transport de sédiments mixtes sable-vase et application à la morphodynamique de l'estuaire de la Gironde (France)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1165/document.
Full textThis study attempts to model sediment transport rates and the resulting bed evolution in a complex estuarine environment: the Gironde estuary, characterized by a high hetereogeneity in the sediment bed composition, with the presence of both cohesive and non-cohesive sediments and sand/mud mixtures. Our main objective is to extend an existing 2D morphodynamic model developped by Huybrechts et al (2012b) for non-cohesive sediments, to account for the presence of mud and to draw some preliminary step for a fully mixte sediment morphodynamic model. Our framework is the finite element Telemac system (release 6.1), where the two-dimensional (depth averaged) approach has been selected for large scale and medium term simulations.The first part of this work is devoted to the understanding of sedimentation-consolidation processes for pure mud, combining laboratory experiments and 1D vertical models. Cohesive processes are then integrated in the 2D (depth-averaged) large scale morphodynamic model of the Gironde estuary developed by Huybrechts et al. (2012b). Erosion/deposition experiments were performed at the RWTH laboratory (University of Aachen, Germany) to calibrate the erosion and deposition law parameters. Moreover, the effect of consolidation is taken into account through the implementation of a 1DV Gibson-based sedimentation-consolidation model (Thiebot et al., 2011) using analytical closure equations for permeability and effective stress. Special attention is paid to the initialisation of the bed structure. Comparisons between measurements and model results are achieved on both suspended sediment concentration records and on medium term (5-year) bed evolutions.In the second part, a new 1DV model for the hindered settling of sand-mud mixtures has been developed based on the background of non-cohesive bi-disperse models. The numerical solution has been constructed by considering a high-order of accuracy in space via a Weighted Essentially Non Oscillatory (WENO) reconstruction technique and in time via a local space-time Discontinuous Galerkin (DG).The model is then validated against a large range of experimental data (mono-disperse sand, mud, non-cohesive bi-disperse and non-cohesive/cohesive mixture)
Houssais, Morgane. "Etude expérimentale du transport en rivière par charriage d'un sédiment bimodal : vers un modèle général du transport à plusieurs tailles de grains." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077074.
Full textDespite several decades of investigations, accounting for the effect of the wide range of grain sizes composing the bed of rivers on bedload transport remains a challenging problem. We investigate this problem by studying experimentally the influence of grain size distribution on bedload transport in the simple configuration of a bimodal sediment bed composed of a mixture of 2 populations of quartz grains of sizes Di = 0. 7 ± 0. 1 mm and D2 = 2. 2 ± 0. 4mm, respectively. The experiments are carried out in a tilted rectangular flume inside which the sediment bed is sheared by a steady and spatially uniform turbulent flow. Using a high-speed video imaging System, we focus on the measurement of the two bedload flux components : the average particle velocity and the number of moving particles per unit surface of the bed. These two quantifies are measured separately for each population of grains as a function of the dimensionless shear stress (or Shields number) and the fraction of the bed surface covered with small grains. We show that the average velocity and the surface density of moving particles obey the same equations as those reported by Charru [2006] for a bed of homogeneous grain size. Once in motion, the grains follow therefore similar laws whether the bed is made of uniform sediment or of a bimodal mixture. This suggests that the erosion deposition model established by Lajeunesse et al. [2010] for a bed of uniform sediment can be generalized to the case of a bimodal one. The only difference evidenced by our experiments concerns the critical Shields number for incipient sediment motion. Above a uniform sediment bed, the latter depends on the particle Reynolds number through the Shields curve [Shields, 1936]. In the case of a bimodal bed, our experiments show that the critical Shields numbers of both populations of grains decrease linearly with the fraction of the bed surface covered with small grains. We propose a simple model to account for this observation
Ramdine, Gaëlle. "Contaminations organique et inorganique du sédiment des mangroves côtières de Guadeloupe : biodisponibilité et effets induits sur l'huître de palétuvier (Crassostrea rhizophorae)." Antilles-Guyane, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGUY0279.
Full textMangroves are hotspots of primary production which act as buffers between terrestrial and marine ecosystems. They shelter a unique ecosystem, characterised by high biodiversity Ievets. In Guadeloupe island (Lesser Antilles), human activities are concentrated in coastal areas and impact all near shore ecosystems, including mangroves. The thesis seeks to assess the level of organic and inorganic contaminations in three coastal mangroves (Grand Cul-de-Sac Marin, Rivière Salée and Petit Cul-de-Sac Marin) strongly influenced by human activities. To assess metallic long-terrn accumulation and hydrocarbon bioavailability in the mangroves, concentrations of several heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn) and of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were measured in mangove oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae, Guilding 1828) soft tissues and in the fine surface sediment fraction «63um). Effects of hydrocarbon bioaccumulation in oysters gills and digestive glands were assessed using: i) biomarkers of oxidative stress (catalase assay and TBARS deterrnination), and ii) biomarkers of genotoxicity in a cornet assay. The results validate the use of these biornarkers to monitor genotoxic environmental exposures and investigate pollution-mediated health effects in C. Rhizophorae. A biomonitoring study based on the transplantation of caged oysters was also realised
Delmotte, Sébastien. "Rôle de la bioturbation dans le fonctionnement biogéochimique de l'interface eau-sédiment : modélisation de la diversité des transports biologiques et effets sur la diagenèse précoce des sédiments d'une retenue." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30122.
Full textThis study deals with the role of bioturbation in the early diagenesis of freshwater sediments, particularly the effects of the diversity of the biological transports. To understand the complex interactions between the bio-transports and the reactions of matter transformation, some models of reactive transport were developed including the bio-transport diversity. In a first chapter, cadmium transport by oligochætes tubificids was modelled using an existing dataset. Then, the more complex case of the organic matter mineralization in the Malause reservoir (West South of France) has been addressed. Bioturbation by the natural benthic community was measured. A model of early diagenesis of organic matter was developed including this bioturbation, and particularly the non-local transports. Finally, an extension of bioturbation models is proposed in the last chapter, to account for the effects of the patchiness in the distribution of bioturbators
Nagel, Tim. "Étude numérique des interactions multi-échelles écoulement-sédiment-structure par une approche multiphasique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI050/document.
Full textThe work undertaken in this PhD thesis was to develop and use numerical models to investigate the multi-scale interactions between an offshore wind turbine and the local ocean and sediment dynamics. First, the interactions between the coupled ocean-sediment system and the atmospheric wake generated by an offshore wind turbine are investigated using an idealized two-dimensional model developed during this Phd thesis and written in fortran. The model integrates the shallow water equations for the ocean together with the Exner equation for the sediment bed. In a second part, the 3D scour phenomenon around a vertical cylinder in a steady current is studied using a two-phase flow eulerian-eulerian solver, sedFoam, written within the framework of the numerical toolbox OpenFOAM. The two-phase flow approach accounts for small-scale processes by avoiding the traditional assumptions made for sediment transport modeling, such as a local corre- lation between the sediment flux and the fluid bed shear stress.Regarding the atmospheric wake generated by a turbine, the results shows that its impact on the ocean’s surface can generate vortices. The resulting turbulent ocean dynamics is controlled by the wake parameter S = CdD/H, where D is the wake diameter at the impact location on the ocean surface, Cd is the quadratic friction coefficient between the ocean and the sediment and H is the oceanic layer depth. A turbulence parameterization based on S is proposed, allowing for upscaling simulations in larger scales Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models. It is shown that the ocean dynamics has an effect on the available wind power. The results also show that the instantaneous sediment dynamics is strongly coupled with the ocean one but that the overall seabed elevation variations remain small (a few millimeters/month). The morphodynamic impact of the wake is thus negligible.Concerning the two-phase flow simulation of scour, sedFoam is first validated on 1D and 2D configurations. Then, 3D simulations around a vertical cylindrical pile are presented. At first, a validation of the Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) turbulence model developed in this work is performed on a configuration without sediment. The results show that the vortices structures responsible for scouring, the Horse Shoe Vortex (HSV) and the vortex-shedding in the lee of the cylinder are correctly reproduced. Then, 3D two-phase flow simulations of the scour around a cylindrical pile have been carried out in a live-bed configuration. This work is the first attempt to model 3D scour phenomenon using the two-phase flow approach. Such simulations represent a real challenge in terms of high performance computing. The good agreement between the numerical predictions and the literature experimental results provide the proof of concept that the two-phase flow approach can be used to study complex 3D and unsteady flow configurations. The relationship between the local bed shear stress, the sediment flux and the local sediment bed slope is further investigated. The deviation of the results from a uniform flow configuration is further analyzed to identify the relevant sediment transport mechanisms associated with the HSV, the slope in the scour mark and the vortex-shedding downstream of the cylinder. Finally, the numerical results show a grid sensitivity of the morphological predictions in the lee of the cylinder that are most probably related to small-scale resolved vortical structures. This highlights the need for two-phase flow Large Eddy Simulations on this configuration in the future
Bertin, Delphine. "Transfert des composés perfluorés des sédiments aux invertébrés benthiques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10274.
Full textThe accumulation of persistent compounds in biota creates environmental, health and regulatory concerns. Among these substances, the poly-fluorinated compounds (PFASs) represents a case of interest due to their specific physicochemical properties. So the PFAs behavior in the environment is difficult to predict as the existing tools are not suitable. Athough it is recognized that these compounds are persistent and accumulate in biota, many knowledge gaps remain, including the mechanisms of sediment-biota transfer and the factors that control them. This thesis examines the role of sediment in the accumulation process, especially (a) exposure routes of biota, (b) role of biodiversity in the accumulation, by exposing two benthic invertebrates (Chironomus riparius and Gammarus sp.) to natural sediment. The description of PFASs kinetics of accumulation and elimination have showed the biodisponibility of the compounds to organisms. Thus, a bioaccumulation model including the organisms growth and the specificity of the compounds was used to estimate the accumulation and depuration rate constants (ku and ke). A conceptual representation of compounds transfer allowed us to understand the major routes for organisms contamination. Moreover, the interspecific variability has been assessed by comparing the PFASs bioaccumulation and transfer pathways for both invertebrates. This thesis have helped to open up many issues, and especially the influence of both biofilm and organism bioturbation onPFASs bioaccumulation. Moreover some new perspectives on the study of biomagnification were opened
Books on the topic "Sédiment (Géologie)"
Dosso, Mireille. Mise en relation de l'organisation tridimensionnelle des formations superficielles et de différentes données de télédétection correspondantes: Exemples pris en zone tropicale et en zone tempérée. Paris: Eds. de l'ORSTOM, 1991.
Find full textElls, R. W. Marl deposits in Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. [Ottawa?: s.n., 1995.
Find full textTaylor, Frank B. The scoured bowlders of the Mattawa Valley: By F.B. Taylor. [S.l: s.n., 1987.
Find full textB, Taylor Frank. The scoured bowlders of the Mattawa Valley: By F.B. Taylor. [S.l: s.n., 1987.
Find full textOuellet, Y. Étude hydro-sédimentologique de la réouverture de la lagune du Havre aux Basques, Iles-de-la-Madeleine. Cap-Diamant, Qué: Ministère des pêches et des océans, Direction de la gestion des pêches et de l'habitat, 1990.
Find full textCochonat, Pierre. Interprétation géologique des images "SAR" système acoustique remorqué: Données de l'opération TITANIC. Plouzané: IFREMER, 1987.
Find full textShukla, Bhagwan S. Diffusion coefficient and mixing depth through environmental radioactivity (models and applications). Hamilton, Ont: Environmental Research & Publications, 2010.
Find full textCommandeur, P. R. The effects of woody debris on sediment fluxes in small coastal stream channels. Victoria, B.C: Pacific Forestry Centre, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sédiment (Géologie)"
Campy, Michel, Jean-Jacques Macaire, and Cécile Grosbois. "12. Urbanisation et extractions minières : effets sur la qualité des eaux, sols et sédiments." In Géologie de la surface, 399–438. Dunod, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/dunod.campy.2013.01.0399.
Full textBourrouilh-Le-Jan, Françoise G. "Naissance géologique d’un karst lithification-dissolution des sédiments marins de 125 ka à l’actuel et ses conséquences." In Karsts et évolutions climatiques, 77–103. Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pub.10856.
Full textReports on the topic "Sédiment (Géologie)"
Caron, O., M. Lamothe, N. Benoit, and M. Nastev. Modélisation géologique 3D des sédiments quaternaires du bassin versant de la rivière Chaudière, Québec. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/295183.
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