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1
Fitriana, Indri Rahmandhani, Djoko Legono, and Heriantono Waluyadi. "Reservoir sedimentation regime analysis: case study of Kedungombo reservoir and Sermo reservoir." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 27, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v27i1.35978.
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The Kedungombo and the Sermo Reservoirs have problems in fulfilling basic services because of sedimentation. Sedimentation that occurs in each of the reservoirs would form a specific reservoir sedimentation pattern that is supposed to be similar because the hydrology and physiography conditions of the reservoir's catchment area are similar. This study aims to determine the dynamics of sedimentation patterns that occur in the dead storage for reviewing the characteristics/sedimentation regime of the two reservoirs. The analysis was carried out by processing bathymetrical data which were processed into a digital terrain model (DTM) using ArcGIS. Furthermore, the storage volume, sedimentation volume, storage percentage, and specific reservoir sedimentation rate are calculated. The results showed that the two reservoirs showed an increase in sedimentation volume each year so that the reservoir characteristic curve shifted from the plan graph. The dead storage capacity of Kedungombo Reservoir is 100% in 1989 to 43% in 2016 and 100% of Sermo Reservoir in 1997 to 58% in 2011. The specific reservoir sedimentation rate, i.e. 0.0031 and 0.0042 million m3/year/km2 for the Kedungombo Reservoir (between 1989 and 2016) and the Sermo Reservoir (between 1997 and 2011) respectively, indicating that the two reservoirs are in the same regime
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Salama, Tedy Harianto, Sri Maryati, and Intan Noviantari Manyoe. "Studi Mekanisme Sedimentasi Formasi Dolokapa, Gorontalo." Jambura Geoscience Review 3, no. 2 (July 26, 2021): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.34312/jgeosrev.v3i2.8475.
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The Dolokapa Formation is a sedimentary rock formation formed in a deep-sea depositional environment with a fairly complex level of deformation and tectonic arrangement. Analysis of the sedimentation mechanism is carried out to determine how much tectonic influence on the mechanisms that occur in a depositional environment and the variations in the sedimentation mechanism formed. Research on the sedimentation mechanism needs to be carried out to determine the history of the formation of Gorontalo sedimentary rocks, especially in the Dolokapa Formation which was formed during the Miocene. The purpose of this study is to know the mechanisms of deep-marine sedimentation based on the identification of lithological characteristics, layer stacking patterns, and sedimentary structures. The method used was measuring sections using a range of ropes divided into four measurement paths. After that, a correlation was performed based on the genesis of deep marine formation. Based on the results of processing and analysis of the data, obtained units of lithology that insertion silty-clay, and the sandstone graining insertion of silt. In vertical succession, the layering pattern formed generally thickens upwards which describes the energy of the depositional currents. The sedimentary structure consists of rip up-clast, parallel lamination, graded bedding, convolute, slump, and trace fossils of nereites trace fossils of nereites that characterize the sedimentation of traction currents and turbidite currents in the deep-sea environment. The sedimentation mechanism formed is the traction current mechanism which is a further development of turbidite current and high-low concentration turbidity current mechanism that occurs slowly on a suspension-controlled grain. The stratigraphic relationship of the rock units in the research area is aligned based on the genesis formation that is located in the setting of the deep marine.
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Fauzi, Irfan, Danial Sultan, and Abdul Rauf. "KAJIAN PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI PENGINDRAAN JAUH DI WILAYAH PESISIR KECAMATAN SINJAI TIMUR, KABUPATEN SINJAI." JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FISHERIES (JOINT-FISH) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/joint-fish.v4i1.87.
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Coastal is the meeting area between land and sea. This study aimed to (1) calculate how much shoreline change in East Sinjai Sub-district (2) analyze the factors that influence changes in the coastline in East Sinjai District (3) formulate strategic directions for shoreline change management in East Sinjai Sub-district. Citra data processing method used Er-Mappaer and Arcgis, and management strategy direction used SWOT analysis. The results of citra interpretation showed that the shoreline change in abrasion was 9.73 Ha and accretion was 20.39 Ha. The factors that caused the changes in the coastline included waves, currents, tides and conditions of the coastal ecosystem in East Sinjai Sub-district. In the coastal management analysis, there were 4 management strategies; determined coastal conservation areas as a measure to control abrasion and sedimentation, developed strategies that referred to ICM (integrated Coastal Management), improved the quality and awareness of human resources on coastal environmental management and law enforcement and institutional strengthening in coastal management. The use of high-resolution citra required further research by adding parameters such as the type of substrate and sedimentation rate. For the government of Sinjai District to conduct a study on mitigation of coastal abrasion and sedimentation disasters.
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Uttinger, Maximilian J., Timon R. Heyn, Uwe Jandt, Simon E. Wawra, Bettina Winzer, Julia K. Keppler, and Wolfgang Peukert. "Measurement of length distribution of beta-lactoglobulin fibrils by multiwavelength analytical ultracentrifugation." European Biophysics Journal 49, no. 8 (January 31, 2020): 745–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00249-020-01421-4.
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AbstractThe whey protein beta-lactoglobulin is the building block of amyloid fibrils which exhibit a great potential in various applications. These include stabilization of gels or emulsions. During biotechnological processing, high shear forces lead to fragmentation of fibrils and therefore to smaller fibril lengths. To provide insight into such processes, pure straight amyloid fibril dispersions (prepared at pH 2) were produced and sheared using the rotor stator setup of an Ultra Turrax. In the first part of this work, the sedimentation properties of fragmented amyloid fibrils sheared at different stress levels were analyzed with mulitwavelength analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC). Sedimentation data analysis was carried out with the boundary condition that fragmented fibrils were of cylindrical shape, for which frictional properties are known. These results were compared with complementary atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. We demonstrate how the sedimentation coefficient distribution from AUC experiments is influenced by the underlying length and diameter distribution of amyloid fibrils.In the second part of this work, we show how to correlate the fibril size reduction kinetics with the applied rotor revolution and the resulting energy density, respectively, using modal values of the sedimentation coefficients obtained from AUC. Remarkably, the determined scaling laws for the size reduction are in agreement with the results for other material systems, such as emulsification processes or the size reduction of graphene oxide sheets.
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Matsui, Yoshihiko, Norihito Tambo, Tokio Ohto, and Yasushi Zaitsu. "Dual Wavelength Photometric Dispersion Analysis of Coagulation and Flocculation." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 11 (June 1, 1993): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0274.
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A technique to evaluate the coagulat ion/flocculation process on fluctuating light intensity transmitted through a flowing suspension has been developed recently for online monitoring in a flocculation system. In this paper, the authors tried to expand this technique to perform direct evaluation of floc size, settling velocity, and residual color after aluminum coagulation from the fluctuating light absorption using dual wavelengths. A theoretical study was carried out to establish the data handling algorithms for the evaluation of the above mentioned values from the fluctuating light absorbance. Two specific wavelengths were selected at near infrared and ultraviolet regions in order to characterize suspended matters and soluble colored organics. The usefulness of the proposed theory was verified in a series of batch coagulation tests with a newly developed dual wavelength photometric dispersion analyzer (DPDA). With an improved high precision photometer and data processing ci rcuits, the extent of color colloid removal can be estimated at the beginning stage of coagulation/flocculation. The algorithms for the evaluation of floc size were calibrated and verified in flocculation experiments with micro photography. Flocculation and sedimentation experiments showed that settling velocity was successfully estimated by the proposed algorithms.
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Shin, Bumshick, and KyuHan Kim. "Analysis of Wave-Induced Current Using Digital Image Correlation Techniques." Journal of Sensors 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1784507.
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Recently, advancement of digital image techniques and communications technology has enabled the application of existing images for scientific purposes. Furthermore, both quantitative and qualitative analyses of images have become possible through image processing such as transmit/storage of digital image data and image rectification. In this study, a coast having representative characteristics of east coast of Korea was selected with having erosion in winter, and the sedimentation in summer takes place repeatedly. Three-dimensional hydraulic model test was conducted to analyze its outcomes by a digital image correlation technique in order to understand the wave-induced current affecting the sediment transport. For this study, images filmed by the high-sensitive and high-resolution video camera were converted into stopped images of regular intervals and then those converted images were used for the following procedure to analyze flow and velocity into digital coordinates. The outcomes from interpretation of images filmed by the high-sensitive and high-resolution video camera can be utilized as a very useful analysis method for appreciating the generation mechanism and movement route of longshore current and rip current.
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Boxhammer, Tim, Lennart T. Bach, Jan Czerny, and Ulf Riebesell. "Technical note: Sampling and processing of mesocosm sediment trap material for quantitative biogeochemical analysis." Biogeosciences 13, no. 9 (May 13, 2016): 2849–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2849-2016.
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Abstract. Sediment traps are the most common tool to investigate vertical particle flux in the marine realm. However, the spatial and temporal decoupling between particle formation in the surface ocean and particle collection in sediment traps at depth often handicaps reconciliation of production and sedimentation even within the euphotic zone. Pelagic mesocosms are restricted to the surface ocean, but have the advantage of being closed systems and are therefore ideally suited to studying how processes in natural plankton communities influence particle formation and settling in the ocean's surface. We therefore developed a protocol for efficient sample recovery and processing of quantitatively collected pelagic mesocosm sediment trap samples for biogeochemical analysis. Sedimented material was recovered by pumping it under gentle vacuum through a silicon tube to the sea surface. The particulate matter of these samples was subsequently separated from bulk seawater by passive settling, centrifugation or flocculation with ferric chloride, and we discuss the advantages and efficiencies of each approach. After concentration, samples were freeze-dried and ground with an easy to adapt procedure using standard lab equipment. Grain size of the finely ground samples ranged from fine to coarse silt (2–63 µm), which guarantees homogeneity for representative subsampling, a widespread problem in sediment trap research. Subsamples of the ground material were perfectly suitable for a variety of biogeochemical measurements, and even at very low particle fluxes we were able to get a detailed insight into various parameters characterizing the sinking particles. The methods and recommendations described here are a key improvement for sediment trap applications in mesocosms, as they facilitate the processing of large amounts of samples and allow for high-quality biogeochemical flux data.
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Junursyah, G. M. Lucki, and Wanda Rahmat. "Potensi Endapan Pasir Besi di Daerah Grabag dan Sekitarnya Berdasarkan Data Geomagnet." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.2019.v20.2.75-83.
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The potential of iron sand in Grabag area and its surrounding, Central Java Province, is not fully known yet because it is covered by thick alluvium, so that mining activities are done unmanaged without seeing the effect of environmental damage caused. This study uses reduction to the pole and upward continuation processing and analysis for Geomagnetic data in order to spread of lateral magnetic anomalies (map) and forward modelling for vertical magnetic anomalies (2D cross-sections). Based on the dispersion of magnetic anomaly, it is known that iron sand potential in the research area is located on old alluvium deposits with depth around 60 m and young coast alluvium sedimentation with depth around of 20 m, forming a lens as sand dump or river bank, followed by lane of ancient river flow pattern with thickness reaching ±10 m. The potential area is estimated to reach 26,329,188 m² with the calculation of hypothetical reserves reaching 69,575 Ton on the southwest and 5,880, 213 Ton in the northwest of the research area. The results of this study are expected to be used as reference for further research, so that it can menage iron sand mining activities more regularly and not caused environmental damaged.Keywords: Geomagnetic, Iron Sand, Alluvium.
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Junursyah, G. M. Lucki, and Wanda Rahmat. "Potensi Endapan Pasir Besi di Daerah Grabag dan Sekitarnya Berdasarkan Data Geomagnet." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.20.2.75-83.
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The potential of iron sand in Grabag area and its surrounding, Central Java Province, is not fully known yet because it is covered by thick alluvium, so that mining activities are done unmanaged without seeing the effect of environmental damage caused. This study uses reduction to the pole and upward continuation processing and analysis for Geomagnetic data in order to spread of lateral magnetic anomalies (map) and forward modelling for vertical magnetic anomalies (2D cross-sections). Based on the dispersion of magnetic anomaly, it is known that iron sand potential in the research area is located on old alluvium deposits with depth around 60 m and young coast alluvium sedimentation with depth around of 20 m, forming a lens as sand dump or river bank, followed by lane of ancient river flow pattern with thickness reaching ±10 m. The potential area is estimated to reach 26,329,188 m² with the calculation of hypothetical reserves reaching 69,575 Ton on the southwest and 5,880, 213 Ton in the northwest of the research area. The results of this study are expected to be used as reference for further research, so that it can menage iron sand mining activities more regularly and not caused environmental damaged.Keywords: Geomagnetic, Iron Sand, Alluvium.
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Junursyah, G. M. Lucki, and Wanda Rahmat. "Potensi Endapan Pasir Besi di Daerah Grabag dan Sekitarnya Berdasarkan Data Geomagnet." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v20i2.422.
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The potential of iron sand in Grabag area and its surrounding, Central Java Province, is not fully known yet because it is covered by thick alluvium, so that mining activities are done unmanaged without seeing the effect of environmental damage caused. This study uses reduction to the pole and upward continuation processing and analysis for Geomagnetic data in order to spread of lateral magnetic anomalies (map) and forward modelling for vertical magnetic anomalies (2D cross-sections). Based on the dispersion of magnetic anomaly, it is known that iron sand potential in the research area is located on old alluvium deposits with depth around 60 m and young coast alluvium sedimentation with depth around of 20 m, forming a lens as sand dump or river bank, followed by lane of ancient river flow pattern with thickness reaching ±10 m. The potential area is estimated to reach 26,329,188 m² with the calculation of hypothetical reserves reaching 69,575 Ton on the southwest and 5,880, 213 Ton in the northwest of the research area. The results of this study are expected to be used as reference for further research, so that it can menage iron sand mining activities more regularly and not caused environmental damaged.Keywords: Geomagnetic, Iron Sand, Alluvium.
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Nikiforow, Sarah, Shuli Li, Erin Coughlin, Emma Breault, Deborah Liney, Grace Kao, Karen Snow, et al. "Impact Of Umbilical Cord Unit Banking Conditions On Clinical Outcomes In Double Cord Transplant Recipients." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.695.695.
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Abstract Introduction Umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation yields survival comparable to adult stem cell transplantation, but there is significant variability among UCB products, in large part because of differences in processing conditions from collection to cryopreservation at cord banks. While impact of processing conditions on the actual UCB product has been reported, there is a little information regarding impact on patient-level outcomes. We report a retrospective exploratory analysis of processing performed at cord banks prior to freezing of UCB units and the impact on clinical outcomes such as engraftment, cord dominance, transplant-related mortality (TRM) and overall survival (OS) in 133 UCB recipients. Methods All adult recipients of unmanipulated double UCB transplantation (dUCBT) for hematologic malignancy from 2003 to 2011 at the 3 Harvard Cancer Center sites (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center) were included. All UCB units were thawed and washed prior to infusion. Multivariate analyses controlled for prognostic factors including age, malignancy, conditioning intensity, degree of HLA matching, presence of anti-HLA antibodies, order of cord infusion, TNC/kg, and CD34+/kg infused. Time to engraftment and treatment-related mortality were analyzed in the competing risks regression setting and survival was analyzed using proportional hazards models. Results 98 recipients underwent reduced-intensity conditioning, primarily fludarabine, melphalan and anti-thymocyte globulin. 35 underwent myeloablative conditioning, primarily cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation. Of the 48 banks contributing cords to this study, 42% employed simple cryopreservation and 23% employed plasma/volume reduction only, at some point during operation. These 2 methods were considered “RBC replete”. Of the 34 banks sharing their current practices, simple cryopreservation is no longer practiced by any; 12% practice plasma/volume reduction alone. 88% of the banks now employ RBC depletion, of which 67% use hydroxyethyl starch for RBC sedimentation and 67% use automated processing systems. Engraftment – Neutrophil and platelet engraftment were not impacted by RBC depletion, sedimentation with hydroxyethyl starch, automated processing, HLA matching or CD34+/kg dose in multivariate analyses. An anti-HLA antibody against one or more cords (p<0.001), myeloablative conditioning (p=0.001) and lower TNC/kg doses (p=0.027) were associated with longer time to engraftment. Cord Dominance –Cord dominance was not significantly affected by RBC depletion, RBC sedimentation, use of an automated system, cord bank inventory or years in existence, time in storage, or viability less than 90% at infusion in a multivariate model. Transplant-related Mortality – None of the processing conditions had a significant effect on TRM at 100 days or 1 year. Overall Survival –Although recipient numbers were small, an interesting observation was the improved survival of the 17 recipients of 2 RBC replete units versus the 115 who received 1 or more RBC-depleted units. This was significant in univariate modeling (p=0.022, see Figure) and just significant in multivariate modeling (HR 3.20, p=0.049, 100day OS of 72% vs 100% and 1year OS of 47% vs 82%). Age over 50 and myeloablative conditioning were the only other cord or patient factors to correlate with increased TRM (p=0.033 and 0.001) and decreased overall survival (p=0.062 and 0.003). Conclusions 1) UCB bank practices have changed with time and currently employ primarily RBC depletion by sedimentation via automated systems prior to cryopreservation. 2) Neutrophil and platelet engraftment and TRM were not significantly affected by processing conditions at the cord bank in our models. 3) Receipt of 1 or more RBC-depleted units seemed to be associated with inferior survival at 100 days and 1 year vs receipt of 2 RBC-replete cords in multivariate modeling. A clear limitation to our interpretation is sample size, with only 17 recipients receiving 2 RBC-replete cords. While our observations require validation in a larger population, processing conditions at the collection banks and their potential impact on clinical outcomes merit further investigation to determine which aspects of processing should be considered in UCB unit selection. Disclosures: Koreth: Takeda Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Millennium pharmaceuticals: Research Funding.
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Sutrisno, Bagus Oktori, and Slamet Budi Prayitno. "THE CHANGE OF MANGROVE COVERAGE IN SEGARAANAKAN LAGOON OF CILACAP – CENTRAL JAVA." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 19, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.19.2.2013.81-84.
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Mangrove ecosystem play san important role in coastal area. In several region mangrove coverage had decreased caused by various factors such as landuse change, erosion and sedimentation. Mangrove ecosystem in Segara Anakan Lagoon had decreased and damaged as well. The current work aimed to analyze the change of mangrove coverage in Segara Anakan Lagoon. A remote sensing analysis was conducted to deployeight years of satellite imagery data from 2002 to 2009. Analysis method included NDVI algorythm map processing which was associated with vegetation coverage in the area of interest. The results show that mangrove coverage in Segara Anakan Lagoon had decreased from 9,163.19 ha in 2002 to 8,433 ha in 2003, 7,764 ha in 2004, 7,252.72 ha in 2005 and 6,213.80 ha in 2006 respectvely. Further decrease occured in 2007 to 5,767.16 ha, 4,987 ha in 2008 and finally to 4,267.13 ha in 2009. Mangrove coverage is decreased approximately 677 ha each year. This decrease might be caused by several factors such as conversion of mangrove coverage to other utilization such as farming, housing and ponds, and high sedimentation rate from Citanduy river. These results suggest that management of mangrove area is needed to support coastal resources sustainability in Cilacap. Therefore, replantation and<br />conservation of mangrove area could be applied for management purposes.
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Nadita, Dwiki, Besperi Besperi, and Gusta Gunawan. "ANALISIS GELOMBANG PASANG TERHADAP BANGUNAN GROIN TIPE I (STUDI KASUS PANTAI KOTA PADANG)." Inersia, Jurnal Teknik Sipil 11, no. 2 (November 6, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/ijts.11.2.1-11.
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Pantai Kota Padang had a breakwater (groin) which serves to withstand sedimentation transport, but building has been damaged and deformed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the building of form I groin using dolos material at Pantai Kota Padang. The method of conducting research primary data processing method used in field direct namely collection (Hs and Ts), while secondary data analysis method using wind data, and analysis data tides. Secondary data in this in this research is the wind data taken for ten years (2009 - 2018) obtained from the Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Maritim Teluk Bayur and the tides data taken during the last 5 years (2014-2018) whom obtained from PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia II Teluk Bayur. Results of the groin dolos have 60,803 m in length, 2,20 m on water level, 4,875 m elevation lighthouse and 8,875 m elevation of building, peak width of 1,433 m on the arms building. Weight unit protective cover dolos groin arms are W=0,261 tons, W/10=21,6 kg, W/200=1,3 kg, and amount each layer is 5 m2 as many as 16 pieces for the arms building.Keywords: Breakwater, Groin, Dolos
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Kim, Hyun Il, Jae Young Lee, Kun Yeun Han, and Jae Woong Cho. "Applying Observed Rainfall and Deep Neural Network for Urban Flood Analysis." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.1.339.
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Urban flooding primarily occurs due to flash floods in low-lying regions or insufficient capacity of drainage systems. Urban inundation has become more dangerous to residents because of an increase in impermeable areas, uncertainties in urban sewage planning, and the accumulation of sedimentation in drainage pipes. As an urban watershed with a drainage system and an urbanized river is complicated, a specific time interval is required for the preparation and processing of urban runoff analysis. To allow for rapid simulations of urban runoff estimation during heavy rainfall, a deep neural network model that imitates the conditions of a 6-h duration rainfall was developed in this study. Ten different statistical aspects for each rainfall event were considered as input data, and the total accumulated overflow from a manhole was calculated at intervals of 10 min using storm water management model (SWMM). To verify the accuracy of the results from SWMM, the results obtained from a two-dimensional hydraulic model and an inundation trace map were compared. The computational times for the deep neural network and rainfall data-based models proposed in this study were estimated to be within 1 s, whereas the simulation using SWMM required 14 min. The proposed deep learning model was tested using the total accumulated overflow for the rainfall event observed at Gangnam (400) automatic weather station on July 27, 2011. The simulated results agreed with the observed results in terms of the total accumulated discharge.
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Fernandes, Felippe, and Cristiano Poleto. "Analysis of the volume of silted sediments and the urbanization rate in urban river basins; a case study of the Mãe d’Água Reservoir." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 24 (December 4, 2020): e26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117062705.
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The Mãe d`Água reservoir is the mouth of four streams, corresponding to an area of 352 ha and is located in the Vale Campus of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. The study area is currently predominantly characterized by a residential occupation, with environmental liabilities coming from diffuse sources. The application of the methodology for computational modeling in the Mãe d'Água reservoir, inferring about the useful volume of the project in 1962, useful volume in 2014, and the silting volume was developed with the aid of the following software: AutoCAD 2018, AutoCAD Civil 3D 2018, and Google Earth which specialize in the field of geoprocessing and guidelines for the calculations that use as base the data regarding the survey and processing of field data. Two types of remote sensing products were used to evaluate the evolution of urbanization in the study area: aerial photographs and satellite images which were integrated in a geographic database. Through the results, it was possible to verify that the silting volume occupies approximately 44% of the useful volume of the reservoir, the urbanization rate has growth trends, and, 88.42% of the river basin was urbanized in 2014. Thus, it represents a spatial distribution and establishes correlations between sedimentation studies over the last five decades.
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Paul, C. R. "Milankovitch cycles and microfossils: principles and practice of palaeoecological analysis illustrated by Cenomanian chalk-marl Rhythms." Journal of Micropalaeontology 11, no. 1 (June 1, 1992): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.11.1.95.
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Abstract. While standardization of sampling, processing and picking techniques is essential in micropalaeontology, standard counts (and percentages) have three serious disadvantages. They are interdependent, so changes in one taxon affect counts of all others; they can be misleading, e.g. when percentage abundance increases but absolute numbers decrease; and they conceal changes in absolute abundance, which for palaeoecology are often most revealing. A technique which combines a minimum count with estimates of absolute numbers is recommended and has been applied to 12 samples from a mid-Cenomanian chalk/marl rhythm. Data for insoluble residues, stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen and numbers of planktonic and benthonic foraminifera and ostracods all vary through the rhythm. Absolute abundance of planktonic foraminifera correlates best with surface sea water temperatures calculated from oxygen isotopes. Abundances of both calcareous and agglutinated benthonic foraminifera correlate best with percent insoluble residue values and these foraminifera respond passively to changes in sedimentation rate. Ostracods do not correlate well with either control. Ratios of insoluble residues and of benthonic foraminiferal abundances between chalks and marls confirm that the rhythms are productivity cycles. Mid-Cenomanian chalk beds were deposited rapidly, taking at most 5–7000 years of the 21,000 year precession cycle.
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Sizov, Oleg, Anna Volvakh, Anatoly Molodkov, Andrey Vishnevskiy, Andrey Soromotin, and Evgeny Abakumov. "Lithological and geomorphological indicators of glacial genesis in the upper Quaternary strata, Nadym River basin, Western Siberia." Solid Earth 11, no. 6 (November 10, 2020): 2047–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2047-2020.
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Abstract. Analysing the genesis of Quaternary sediments is important for understanding the glaciation history and development of marine sediments in the northern part of Western Siberia. The problem is relevant since there is no consistent concept of the Quaternary sediment genesis in the north of Western Siberia. The formation of sediments is associated with marine, glacial and interglacial sedimentation conditions. The research objective is to identify the persistent features characterising the conditions of sedimentation and relief formation using the Nadym River basin as an example. The best method for studying this problem is a comprehensive analysis of the lithological, chronostratigraphic, petrographic and geomorphological studies of the Quaternary sediment upper strata. This study provides data from the analysis of the basic characteristics of quartz grains at the site. The rounding and morphology of the quartz grains provide evidence of possible glacial processing of some of the site strata. A petrographic study of selected boulder samples was performed. Some of them, by the shape and presence of striation, can be attributed to ice basins. The first use of a detailed digital elevation model applied to the study area made it possible to identify specific relief forms that could very likely be created during glaciations. Based on the analysis, we propose to consider the vast lake alluvial plains in the Nadym River basin as periglacial regions. This idea lays the lithological framework for understanding the reasons for the formation of the modern landscape structure. The materials and descriptions provided are of interest to researchers of Quaternary sediments, topography, vegetation and soil cover, particularly researchers engaged in revising the history of the natural environment development in the north of Western Siberia.
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Rananda, Eko, Lintang Prabowo, Arief Putih Prabowo, Syamsurijal Rasimeng, and Ida Bagus Suananda Yogi. "Analysis and Zonation of Land Vulnerability Areas in Pekon Karangrejo Ulubelu Tanggamus Using Microzonation Method." Jurnal Geofisika 18, no. 1 (September 29, 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36435/jgf.v18i1.420.
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Abstract.Ulubelu Tanggamus is an area that have geothermal energy potential. This region consists of a geological structure in the form of graben and reverse fault formed between Mount Rendingan and Mount Kukusan. Identifications that can be done include surveys to map soil characteristics in shaking responses using microzonation methods. This study aims to analyze the values of dominant frequency, dominant period, Vs30 and amplification. The stages of the research carried out are processing data to obtain dominant frequency, calculating the value of the dominant period, calculating the value of Vs30 and the amplification value, and making a map of the soil vulnerability of the UlubeluTanggamus area. Based on the distribution of the dominant frequency values, the UlubeluTanggamus geothermal area is dominated by a dominant Frequency (F0) >0.5Hz which is expected to be a very thick surface thickness of sediments more than 30m. The distribution of the dominant period value obtained is (T0)>1 where the character of the sedimentary rock type is very soft consisting of alluvial material formed from sedimentation of deltas, top soil, and mud. The distribution of the Vs30 value is dominated by the value of 100 <Vs30<200 and obtains an amplification value of 2<A0<6 times where the area is an area with a moderate risk category to the danger of soil vulnerability.
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Subardjo, Petrus, Agus Anugroho Dwi Suryo, Ibnu Pratikno, Gentur Handoyo, and Karlina Putri Diani. "Distribusi Material Padatan Tersuspensi di Muara Sungai Sambas, Kalimantan Barat." BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA 7, no. 1 (May 24, 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v7i1.19035.
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Muara Sungai Sambas merupakan gerbang bagi kapal-kapal yang akan melakukan aktivitas bongkar muat hasil tangkapan ikan di PPN Pemangkat. Besarnya konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi berkaitan dengan tingkat sedimentasi di muara Sungai Sambas yang dapat menyebabkan pendangkalan sehingga aliran sungai ke laut terhambat dan alur pelayaran terganggu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dan pola sebaran material padatan tersuspensi di muara Sungai Sambas Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi kasus. Analisis material padatan tersuspensi menggunakan metode Gravimetri. Data utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data material padatan tersuspensi, arus, dan pasang surut serta data pendukung berupa peta batimetri, dan peta RBI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi terbesar berada di muara sungai dan semakin mengecil kearah laut lepas dengan konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi saat pasang berkisar antara 67-600 mg/l serta konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi saat surut berkisar antara 11-321 mg/l. Jenis arus yang mendominasi di muara Sungai Sambas adalah arus pasang surut. Tipe pasang surut yaitu campuran condong ke harian ganda. Kurangnya informasi mengenai arah pergerakan dan besaran konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi di muara Sungai Sambas menjadikan penelitian untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dan pola sebaran material padatan tersuspensi di perairan tersebut diperlukan. Sambas Estuaries is the entrance for every fisherman boats which will do loading and unloading activity for their fishing at PPN Pemangkat. The amount of total suspended matter concentration is related to the sedimentation at the Sambas estuaries which can cause sedimentation so the river flow hampered and the shipping line disrupted. The purpose of this research is to know the concentration and the distribution of total suspended solid at Sambas Estuaries, West Kalimantan. The method which is used in this research is case study method. Data processing is using gravimetric analysis. The main data used in this research are data of total suspended solid, current, tidal and supporting data such as bathymetri map, RBI map. Based on data processing, known that the highest value of total suspended solid was at estuary and decreased toward the sea with the conscentration at tides ranged between 67-600 mg/l whereas concentration at low tide ranged between 11-321 mg/l. The type tidal which is belong mixed dominant semidiurnal type. Lack of information on the direction of movement and the concentration of total suspended solid at Sambas Estuaries makes research to find out the concentration and distribution of total suspended solid is held at the waters.
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Gausepohl, Florian, Anne Hennke, Timm Schoening, Kevin Köser, and Jens Greinert. "Scars in the abyss: reconstructing sequence, location and temporal change of the 78 plough tracks of the 1989 DISCOL deep-sea disturbance experiment in the Peru Basin." Biogeosciences 17, no. 6 (March 23, 2020): 1463–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1463-2020.
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Abstract. High-resolution optical and hydro-acoustic sea floor data acquired in 2015 enabled the reconstruction and exact localization of disturbance tracks of a past deep-sea recolonization experiment (DISCOL) that was conducted in 1989 in the Peru Basin during a German environmental impact study associated with manganese-nodule mining. Based on this information, the disturbance level of the experiment regarding the direct plough impact and distribution and redeposition of sediment from the evolving sediment plume was assessed qualitatively. The compilation of all available optical and acoustic data sets available from the DISCOL Experimental Area (DEA) and the derived accurate positions of the different plough marks facilitate the analysis of the sedimentary evolution over the last 26 years for a sub-set of the 78 disturbance tracks. The results highlight the remarkable difference between natural sedimentation in the deep sea and sedimentation of a resettled sediment plume; most of the blanketing of the plough tracks happened through the resettling of plume sediment from plough tracks created later. Generally sediment plumes are seen as one of the important impacts associated with potential Mn-nodule mining. For enabling a better evaluation and interpretation of particularly geochemical and microbiological data, a relative age sequence of single plough marks and groups of them was derived and is presented here. This is important as the thickness of resettled sediment differs distinctly between plough marks created earlier and later. Problems in data processing became eminent for data from the late 1980s, at a time when GPS was just invented and underwater navigation was in an infant stage. However, even today the uncertainties of underwater navigation need to be considered if a variety of acoustical and optical sensors with different resolution should be merged to correlate accurately with the absolute geographic position. In this study, the ship-based bathymetric map was used as the absolute geographic reference layer and a workflow was applied for geo-referencing all the other data sets of the DISCOL Experimental Area until the end of 2015. New high-resolution field data were mainly acquired with sensors attached to GEOMAR's AUV Abyss and the 0.5∘ × 1∘ EM122 multibeam system of RV Sonne during cruise SO242-1. Legacy data from the 1980s and 1990s first needed to be found and compiled before they could be digitized and properly geo-referenced for our joined analyses.
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Gyokche, M. I., and A. V. Plyusnin. "THE NEPSKY-1 IMPACT CRATER AND ITS FILL DEPOSITS ON THE BASEMENT ROOF OF THE SIBERIAN PLATFORM." Geodynamics & Tectonophysics 11, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 710–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5800/gt-2020-11-4-0502.
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In the Earth studies, discoveries and investigations of impact craters buried beneath thick sediments are sporadic so far and may still remain inefficient, unless geophysical surveys of the areas of interest are initiated. Such studies can provide useful data to develop the knowledge about cosmic events of the past geological eras, as well as contribute to industrial development of the areas. It is known that an impact crater is filled with layered deposits that create specific sequences and are generally thicker that deposits outside the crater. We have investigated a Precambrian crater located in the southern part of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise of the Siberian platform. This impact crater called Nepsky-1 was discovered by seismic surveys using the common depth point method (CDPM). In our study, we used the geological and geophysical deep-drilling data of three wells, including gamma-ray and neutron logs and lithological core descriptions. With reference to the concepts of regional geological conditions, we reconstructed the conditions of sedimentation in the study area based on a comprehensive analysis of the structural and textural features of the rocks, and logging and seismic survey data. By processing and interpretation of the CDPM 3D seismic survey data, we obtained the structural images and cross-sections of the impact crater and analysed the thickness of its fill deposits. The Nepsky-1 crater is a bowl-shaped structure with a rim composed of allogenic breccia. In the area around the crater, fault systems are detected. Based on the core sample analysis, we identified the lithological members of the crater and its rim and described them in detail. Active compensation with lacustrine-delta sediments took place in the Nepa period of the late Vendian. By the end of the Tira time, the crater was completely leveled up. In our study, we obtained the first data on the structure of the crater section of the Vendian deposits. Sedimentation in the study area was controlled by the sea level changes. The main terrigenous productive horizons are confined to sandstones that accumulated during the sea level low stand, and found at the bottoms of the lower and upper Nepa subsuites, as well as at the bottoms of the lower and upper Tira subsuites. It is established that the study area was tectonically active in the late Tira time. As a result, the sediments filling the crater were removed to subaerial conditions, and the edges of the allogenic breccia rim were partially destroyed and formed granite breccia outgrowths observed in the rim’s cross-section. We conclude that in the Nepa and Tira times, tectonic vertical movements initiated relatively fast weathering and transportation of the terrigenous material from the adjacent hills into the sedimentation basin. The Nepsky-1 crater gives evidence of meteorite bombing of the Siberian paleocontinent in Precambrian. Finding similar crater structures can be reasonably expected in the study region. Considering the increased thicknesses of crater fill deposits, buried craters are promising potential for discovering oil-source and overlying seal rocks, which is important for petroleum industry.
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Vanrolleghem, P., D. Van der Schueren, G. Krikilion, K. Grijspeerdt, P. Willems, and W. Verstraete. "On-line quantification of settling properties with in-sensor-experiments in an automated settlometer." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0004.
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An on-line settlometer has been developed. Batch settling experiments lasting 40 min are performed in a model clarifier incorporated in the sensor (“In-Sensor-Experiment”). The descent of the sludge blanket interface is monitored and the settling characteristics are deduced. The hardware consists of a 10 litre Pyrex decanter, a stirring/wall-scraping mechanism, an external light source and a moving light-intensity scanner. Either stirred or non-stirred settling curves can be recorded. Processing of the raw data readily produces the zone or hindered settling velocity (Vs) and the (stirred) sludge volume ([S]SV). The latter can be combined with a sludge concentration measurement to determine SVI-values, and dSVIs if a dilution step is included. Initial results are reported on a more elaborate interpretation of the data based on sedimentation models. The Takács et al. and Cho et al. models described the settling curves equally well. However, an identifiability analysis showed that not all parameters can be given unique values on the basis of the simple batch settling experiments applied in the work. More elaborate “In-Sensor-Experiments” are required to obtain complete identification. Two years of practical experience with the device on pilot- and full-scale treatment plants revealed its robustness, low maintenance requirements and reproducible monitoring of settling curves.
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Pedan, G. S., S. V. Kadurin, K. P. Andreeva, and O. V. Dragomyretska. "LITHOLOGY AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE BLACK SEA ODESSA COAST UNDERWATER PART." Odesa National University Herald. Geography and Geology 26, no. 1(38) (September 4, 2021): 220–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2303-9914.2021.1(38).234714.
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Problem Statement and Purpose. The results of lithological studies, including granulometric analysis, are needed to identify the conditions of sedimentation and distribution of rock fragments by size. They are an indicator of the sedimentation processes dynamic structure peculiarities. The study of the sediment regime is important for the development of measures related to the protection of shores from erosion. The aim of the work is to identify the lithological features of the bottom sediment types distribution on the protected section of the Odessa coast near Cape Maly Fontan. Data & Methods. The materials for this work were obtained in the field research in the summer 2019 in the coastal zone between the hydrobiological station of Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University, and Cape Malyj Fountain. Three measuring profiles were made perpendicular to the shoreline at 1200 m towards the sea to a depth of 18 m. 35 samples were taken from the upper layer of bottom sediments. Field samples processing was performed in the Problem Research Laboratory of Engineering Geology of the Sea Coast, Reservoirs and Mountain Slopes of Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University. Granulometric classification was performed. Excel, Statistica, Golden Software Surfer programs were used to process the results. Results. Underwater relief analysis showed that the coastal part is an abrasive terrace, on which ancient landslides relics are widespread. There are 7 main lithological types of bottom sediments detected. The largest areas covered by fine-grained loamy sands and shell detritus with gravel, pebbles and sand. Analysis of distribution curves and cumulative curves of granulometric distribution showed that coarse sediments are characterized by multi-vertex distribution curves and stepwise stretched cumulative curves, which indicates the heterogeneity of sediments in granulometric distribution. For fine-grained material, which is well sorted, the distribution curves are almost single-vertex, and the cumulative curves have a large steepness and a simple, non-stepped shape. There are three hydrodynamic detected in bottom sediments lithology according on statistical parameters of grain size. Outer marine part with depth more than 15 meters characterized by low hydrodynamic processes and presented by good-sorted sands and silt. The central part of polygon in 4–15 meters depth covered by shell detritus with gravel and pebble of carbonate rocks and connected with rocky extrusions after coastal landslides. The feature of this part is active hydrodynamic processes. The rocky extrusions presented like natural breakwater and due to waves braking and collection of different types of sediments. The coastal part in 2–4 m depth in front of constructed breakwater leads to decreasing of wave energy and sedimentation of good-sorted sands.
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Nardelli, Sheila Cristina, Andréa Rodrigues Ávila, Aline Freund, Maria Cristina Motta, Lauro Manhães, Teresa Cristina Leandro de Jesus, Sergio Schenkman, et al. "Small-Subunit rRNA Processome Proteins Are Translationally Regulated during Differentiation of Trypanosoma cruzi." Eukaryotic Cell 6, no. 2 (December 8, 2006): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00279-06.
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ABSTRACT We used differential display to select genes differentially expressed during differentiation of epimastigotes into metacyclic trypomastigotes in the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. One of the selected clones had a sequence similar to that of the small-subunit (SSU) processome protein Sof1p, which is involved in rRNA processing. The corresponding T. cruzi protein, TcSof1, displayed a nuclear localization and is downregulated during metacyclogenesis. Heterologous RNA interference assays showed that depletion of this protein impaired growth but did not affect progression through the cell cycle, suggesting that ribosome synthesis regulation and the cell cycle are uncoupled in this parasite. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays of several SSU processome-specific genes in T. cruzi also showed that most of them were regulated posttranscriptionally. This process involves the accumulation of mRNA in the polysome fraction of metacyclic trypomastigotes, where TcSof1 cannot be detected. Metacyclic trypomastigote polysomes were purified and separated by sucrose gradient sedimentation. Northern blot analysis of the sucrose gradient fractions showed the association of TcSof1 mRNA with polysomes, confirming the qPCR data. The results suggest that the mechanism of regulation involves the blocking of translation elongation and/or termination.
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Burnett, T. L. "Petroleum Exploration Risk Reduction Using New Geoscience Technology." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 14, no. 6 (December 1996): 507–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879601400602.
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As economics of the oil and gas industry become more restrictive, the need for new means of improving exploration risks and reducing expenses is becoming more acute. Partnerships between industry and academia are making significant improvements in four general areas: Seismic acquisition, reservoir characterization, quantitative structural modeling, and geochemical inversion. In marine seismic acquisition the vertical cable concept utilizes hydrophones suspended at fixed locations vertically within the water column by buoys. There are numerous advantages of vertical cable technology over conventional 3-D seismic acquisition. In a related methodology, ‘Borehole Seismic,’ seismic energy is passed between wells and valuable information on reservoir geometry, porosity, lithology, and oil saturation is extracted from the P-wave and S-wave data. In association with seismic methods of determining the external geometry and the internal properties of a reservoir, 3-dimensional sedimentation-simulation models, based on physical, hydrologic, erosional and transport processes, are being utilized for stratigraphic analysis. In addition, powerful, 1-D, coupled reaction-transport models are being used to simulate diagenesis processes in reservoir rocks. At the regional scale, the bridging of quantitative structural concepts with seismic interpretation has lead to breakthroughs in structural analysis, particularly in complex terrains. Such analyses are becoming more accurate and cost effective when tied to highly advanced, remote-sensing, multi-spectral data acquisition and image processing technology. Emerging technology in petroleum geochemistry enables geoscientists to infer the character, age, maturity, identity and location of source rocks from crude oil characteristics (‘Geochemical Inversion’) and to better estimate hydrocarbon-supply volumetrics, which can be invaluable in understanding petroleum systems and in reducing exploration risks and associated expenses.
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Батюк, Л. В., and Н. М. Кізілова. "Monitoring system of biophysical properties of the red blood cells of patients for medical diagnosis purposes." Системи обробки інформації, no. 3(162), (September 30, 2020): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30748/soi.2020.162.02.
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Modern medical diagnostics is impossible without high-tech means of collecting information about the patient's condition, in particular, the biochemical properties of blood and other tissues, physiological signals in the format of time series, and medical images as well. Extensive use of automatic methods of information processing and decision-making based on mathematical models, expert systems, and artificial intelligence is an integral part of the tomorrow’s medicine. Such approaches significantly increase the accuracy of diagnosis and the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment, but this requires the availability of properly structured databases with the results of both successful / unsuccessful treatments, and a complete set of necessary analyses and tests for each patient. This paper discusses the most important components of such database and public health monitoring system. The main issues are the standardization of data format, approaches, methods and laboratory equipment used to unify monitoring, diagnosis and control over the treatment. The importance of using additional physical parameters of blood cells and tissues to increase the efficiency of medical diagnostics with artificial intelligence is shown. The sedimentation curves corresponding to stable normal, stable increased and unstable erythrocyte aggregation rate are given. It is shown that the time to reach the maximum cell sedimentation rate can be calculated on a 2-phase model of blood suspension, indicators of which could be accumulated in the database, which will allow the extraction of additional diagnostic information using novel statistical and mathematical methods. Typical dependences of erythrocyte dielectric constant curves on temperature for oncology patients are given. It is shown that storage in the database the values of dielectric permittivity of red blood cells measured at different temperature and frequencies of electromagnetic fields applied in the dielectrometer, provides significant material for a more detailed study of the patterns of development of various diseases and finding the most sensitive indices for their timely detection.
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Utami, Widya Ulfah, Enni Dwi Wahjunie, and Suria Darma Tarigan. "Karakteristik Hidrologi dan Pengelolaannya dengan Model Hidrologi Soil and Water Assessment Tool Sub DAS Cisadane Hulu." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 25, no. 3 (July 29, 2020): 342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/ipi.25.3.342.
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One of the priority watersheds to be managed in Indonesia is the Cisadane watershed due to the high degradation problems. The Cisadene watershed degradation could be indicated by a high river flow during rainy season, low baseflow in dry season, and high erosion and sedimentation. One of the main problems in the Cisadane watershed is a huge landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu watershed that causes a decrease in water absorption region and a surface runoff. The study aimed to analyze landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu Watershed during 2013-2018 and analyze the watershed conditions based on their hydrological characteristics. Analysis of landcover changes patterns was carried out by processing spatial data using GIS software. Analysis for hydrological characteristics was conducted by using SWAT modelling (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). The results showed that there were land cover changes during 2013-2018. The most significant landcover changes in the Cisadane Hulu watershed was residential area (455.95 ha). The result simulation scenario of the model SWAT showed scenario 2 was the best scenario for the management of the Cisadane Hulu watershed. The application of Soil and Water Conservation can decrease surface runoff by 32.1% and increase lateral flow by 8.89%. Therefore, it is expected that the results of this SWAT model simulation will be taken into consideration by the local government for the optimal management of the Cisadane Hulu watershed.
Keywords: Cisadane watershed, land cover change, SWAT modelling
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Burnett, T. L. "NEW DIRECTIONS IN GEOSCIENCE TECHNOLOGY FOR PETROLEUM EXPLORATION IN THE NEW AGE." APPEA Journal 34, no. 1 (1994): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj93019.
Full textAbstract:
As economics of the oil and gas industry become more restrictive, the need for new means of improving exploration risks and reducing expenses is becoming more acute. Partnerships between industry and academia are making significant improvements in four general areas: Seismic acquisition, reservoir characterisation, quantitative structural modelling, and geochemical inversion.In marine seismic acquisition the vertical cable concept utilises hydrophones suspended at fixed locations vertically within the water column by buoys. There are numerous advantages of vertical cable technology over conventional 3-D seismic acquisition. In a related methodology, 'Borehole Seismic', seismic energy is passed between wells and valuable information on reservoir geometry, porosity, lithology, and oil saturation is extracted from the P-wave and S-wave data.In association with seismic methods of determining the external geometry and the internal properties of a reservoir, 3-dimensional sedimentation-simulation models, based on physical, hydrologic, erosional and transport processes, are being utilised for stratigraphic analysis. In addition, powerful, 1-D, coupled reaction-transport models are being used to simulate diagenesis processes in reservoir rocks.At the regional scale, the bridging of quantitative structural concepts with seismic interpretation has led to breakthroughs in structural analysis, particularly in complex terrains. Such analyses are becoming more accurate and cost effective when tied to highly advanced, remote-sensing, multi-spectral data acquisition and image processing technology. Emerging technology in petroleum geochemistry, enables geoscientists to infer the character, age, maturity, identity and location of source rocks from crude oil characteristics ('Geochemical Inversion') and to better estimate hydrocarbon-supply volumetrics. This can be invaluable in understanding petroleum systems and in reducing exploration risks and associated expenses.
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Sundari, Yayuk Sri. "PENGARUH SEDIMEN TERHADAP KAPASITAS TAMPUNG ANAK SUNGAI KARANG MUMUS PADA JALAN WAHID HASYIM KOTA SAMARINDA." JURNAL RISET PEMBANGUNAN 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36087/jrp.v2i2.56.
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ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui volume sedimen Sungai I dan II Jalan Wahid Hasyim Samarinda. Manfaat penelitian untuk mengetahui volume sedimen anak Sungai, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengupayakan optimalisasi fungsi saluran anak Sungai,. Lokasi dan waktu penelitian ini dilakukan pada anak Sungai I dan II Jalan Wahid Hasyim kota Samarinda waktu yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini selama satu bulan yang meliputi kegiatan studi pustaka, pengumpulan data primer, sekunder, pengolahan, analisis data dan penyusunan penelitian. Obyek penelitian melakukan survai lapangan pada kondisi awal. Dalam analisis sedimen digunakan untuk menentukan angkutan sedimen yang bergradasi. Hasil analisis tanah berdasarkan diameter butiran sedimen dan berat jenis sedimen, hasil analisis angkutan sedimen total untuk seluruh diameter. Sedimen seluruh butiran pada anak Sungai I dan II Jalan Wahid Hasyim kota Samarinda diperoleh QB=0,0852m3/dt dan Qrencana=102,141m3/dtQawal=39,473m3/dt aman pada anak Sungai I Sedimen seluruh butiran pada anak Sungai II Jalan Wahid Hasyim kota Samarinda diperoleh QB= 0,0345m3/dt dan Qrencana=102,141m3/dtQawal=39,523m3/dt aman pada anak Sungai II sehingga sedimen yang menyebabkan pendangkalan/sedimentasi dapat mengurangi kapasitas tampung air di anak Sungai. Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian ini sehubungan dengan adanya potensi kawasan rawan banjir pada anak Sungai tersebut, yang diindikasikan oleh nilai debit banjir maksimum yang melebihi kapasitas saluran anak Sungai, sehingga perlu mengimplementasikan tindakan sipil teknis seperti normalisasi saluran Sungai termasuk jaringan drainase, mengoptimalkan kawasan tampungan air dan daerah resapan air.Kata kunci: analisis tanah, kapasitas saluran, sedimentasi ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the sediment volume of River I and II at Wahid Hasyim Samarinda. The benefit of research is to find out the volume of sediment tributaries, so that it can be used to work towards optimizing the function of creeks. The location and time of the study was carried out on tributaries I and II at Wahid Hasyim Samarinda city, the time required in this study was one month which included literature study, primary, secondary data collection, processing, data analysis and research compilation. The object of the study is conducting a field survey in the initial conditions. In sediment analysis it is used to determine graded sediment transport. The results of the soil analysis are based on the diameter of the sediment grain and sediment density, the results of the analysis show the total sediment transport for the entire diameter. Sediments All grains in tributaries I and II of Wahid Hasyim road in Samarinda obtained QB = 0.0852m3 / sec and Qplan= 102,141m3 / sec Qearly = 39,473m3 / sec safe in creeks of River I Sediment all fractions in tributaries of Wahid road II Hasyim Samarinda city obtained QB = 0.0345m3 / sec and Qplan = 102.141m3 / sec Qearly = 39.523m3 / sec safe in creeks II So that this sediment causes siltation / sedimentation which can reduce the water capacity in the tributary. Recommendations from the results of this study relate to the potential of flood prone areas in these tributaries, which is indicated by the value of the maximum flood discharge that exceeds the capacity of the tributary canals, so it is necessary to implement technical civil actions such as normalizing river channels including drainage networks, optimizing water catchment areas and water absorption region.Keywords: soil analysis, channel capacity, sedimentation
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Rarasari, Desak Made Goldyna, I. Wayan Restu, and Ni Made Ernawati. "Efektivitas Pengolahan Limbah Domestik di Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Suwung-Denpasar, Bali." Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences 5, no. 2 (October 12, 2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmas.2019.v05.i02.p01.
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Denpasar City and Badung Regency has a very large population growth rate, diversity, and intensity of development activities that produced domestic waste which if not properly managed, causes burden and damage to the aquatic environment. Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Suwung-Denpasar is one of the wastewater treatment business for waste management center from the area around Denpasar, Sanur, and Kuta. Based on the data analysis was known that the waste generated has not been appropriate environmental quality standards so that will affect the quality of the water. The aim of his research is to investigate the effectiveness of domestic wastewater treatment conducted in March - April 2017 by observation method in process and effectiveness measurement of waste water treatment. The processing begins with the distribution of waste in Denpasar and Sanur areas that are channeled to the bar screen and then collected to the inflow pumping station to be channeled to the receiving tank including waste from the Kuta area. Subsequent waste flows into the chamber grit to be filtered and taken to the aeration pond for 2 days then to the sedimentation pool for 16 hours and flowed to the effluent canal. The results showed the percentage of effective waste treatment in oil and fat restoration 85%, detergent 62%, and BOD 57%, while not effective in ammonia change because only reduced 26%, DO and H2S are not in accordance with environmental quality standards.
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Larsen, Liza S. Z., Min Zhang, Nadejda Beliakova-Bethell, Virginia Bilanchone, Anne Lamsa, Kunio Nagashima, Rani Najdi, et al. "Ty3 Capsid Mutations Reveal Early and Late Functions of the Amino-Terminal Domain." Journal of Virology 81, no. 13 (April 18, 2007): 6957–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02207-06.
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ABSTRACT The Ty3 retrotransposon assembles into 50-nm virus-like particles that occur in large intracellular clusters in the case of wild-type (wt) Ty3. Within these particles, maturation of the Gag3 and Gag3-Pol3 polyproteins by Ty3 protease produces the structural proteins capsid (CA), spacer, and nucleocapsid. Secondary and tertiary structure predictions showed that, like retroviral CA, Ty3 CA contains a large amount of helical structure arranged in amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal bundles. Twenty-six mutants in which alanines were substituted for native residues were used to study CA subdomain functions. Transposition was measured, and particle morphogenesis and localization were characterized by analysis of protein processing, cDNA production, genomic RNA protection, and sedimentation and by fluorescence and electron microscopy. These measures defined five groups of mutants. Proteins from each group could be sedimented in a large complex. Mutations in the amino-terminal domain reduced the formation of fluorescent Ty3 protein foci. In at least one major homology region mutant, Ty3 protein concentrated in foci but no wt clusters of particles were observed. One mutation in the carboxyl-terminal domain shifted assembly from spherical particles to long filaments. Two mutants formed foci separate from P bodies, the proposed sites of assembly, and formed defective particles. P-body association was therefore found to be not necessary for assembly but correlated with the production of functional particles. One mutation in the amino terminus blocked transposition after cDNA synthesis. Our data suggest that Ty3 proteins are concentrated first, assembly associated with P bodies occurs, and particle morphogenesis concludes with a post-reverse transcription, CA-dependent step. Particle formation was generally resistant to localized substitutions, possibly indicating that multiple domains are involved.
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Lin, Yan, Shu Wen Guo, and Jing Hua Lin. "Improved Method of Data Processing for Flocculating Sedimentation Experiment." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.340.
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The shortages of the present method of data processing of flocculating sedimentation are pointed out and analyzed in this study. A new method of data processing is put forward and the advantages of this new method are discussed. Compared to the conventional method, the isolines of partial removal efficiency need not to be drawn when the new method is employed and the new method is straightforward, practical and accurate and it is worth to be popularized.
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Volkova, Galina I., Tatyana V. Kalinina, and Anastasiya V. Morozova. "CHANGES OF THE ASPHALTENES STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ULTRASONIC WAVES." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, no. 12 (December 7, 2019): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196212.6016.
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The article investigates the effect of ultrasonic waves on the structural characteristics of asphaltenes isolated using "cold" method at oil production from the field Usinskoye oil. According to the dispersion analysis results of micrographs, the particle diameter of the initial asphaltenes is 1-6 microns. Immediately after ultrasound exposure (22 kHz resonance frequency, 18 W/cm2 intensity) to asphaltene solutions in toluene, the dispersion of asphaltene aggregates increases and the maximum of particle size distribution shifts to 1.5 μm. After relaxation of the treated solutions for 1 h, along with particles with a diameter of 1.5 μm also large aggregates with a size of up to 22 μm are formed. After ultrasonic treatment (UT) of the solutions for 10 min the molecular weight of asphaltenes obtained by planting a 40-fold excess of hexane decreases from 2716 to 1672 a.e.m. Structural group analysis which is based on data on molecular weight, elemental composition and PMR spectroscopy showed that the number of structural blocks of the average molecule of the initial and treated asphaltenes is 4.92 and 3.40 respectively. The overall cyclicity of the structural units of the average molecule after UT decreases from 9.24 to 7.48 and the content of naphthenic cycles in the total ring composition of petroleum asphaltenes - from 105.42 to 55.07. The processes of aggregation and sedimentation of asphaltenes before and after ultrasonic exposure were investigated by measuring the optical density (wavelength 610 nm) of solutions in toluene with a concentration of 0.02 g/l into which heptane was added. Particles of asphaltenes after 5 min of processing the toluene solution and the subsequent introduction of hexane were aggregated, but do not sediment for 4 h. For a solution treated for 15 min there is a maximum initial optical density compared with other samples. The maximum optical density is reached after 28 min and then the values of optical density decreasing due to the deposition of aggregated particles.
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Prasetiyo, Bayu Adi, Baskoro Rochaddi, and Alfi Satriadi. "Aplikasi Citra Sentinel-2 untuk Pemetaan Sebaran Material Padatan Tersuspensi Di Muara Sungai Wulan Demak." Journal of Marine Research 8, no. 4 (October 31, 2019): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v8i4.25193.
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ABSTRAK : Sungai Wulan yang terletak di Kabupaten Demak digunakan masyarakat sebagai jalur keluar dan masuknya kapal nelayan serta saluran pembuangan utama. Hal tersebut berdampak pada besarnya kandungan material padatan tersuspensi yang terdapat pada sungai. Pengamatan sebaran material padatan tersuspensi dibutuhkan untuk mengetahui pola sedimentasi dan penilaian kualitas air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran material padatan tersuspensi di muara Sungai Wulan menggunakan metode pengindraan jauh. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah citra satelit Sentinel-2 dan konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi hasil uji gravimetri. Pengolahan data menggunakan algoritma Lemigas (1997), Budhiman (2004), Parwati (2006), Laili (2015) dan Metode Regresi (Linear, Eksponensial dan Logaritmik). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi material padatan tersuspensi di sekitar muara relatif rendah, sedangkan konsentrasi yang tinggi terdapat di arah timur muara sungai atau di daerah yang berupa teluk. Algoritma yang memiliki nilai error terkecil adalah algoritma Metode Regresi dengan MRE sebesar 10,12% dengan nilai RMSE sebesar 4,3493. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat, dapat disimpulkan jika algoritma Metode Regresi merupakan algoritma yang paling sesuai untuk pemetaan sebaran material padatan tersuspensi di muara Sungai Wulan, Demak. ABSTRACT : The Wulan River which located in Demak Regency is used by people as an entrance point for fishing boats and the main sewers. These have an impact on the amount of total suspended solid contained in the river. Observation about the distribution of total suspended solid is needed to determine sedimentation patterns and water quality assessments. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of total suspended solid at the Wulan River estuary using remote sensing method. The data used in this study is Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and the concentration of total suspended solid from gravimetric test. Processing data using Lemigas algorithm (1997), Budhiman (2004), Parwati (2006), Laili (2015) and Regression Method (Linear, Exponential and Logarithm). The results of data analysis show that the total suspended solids distribution at the estuary is relatively low, while the high consentration of total suspended solid is found at the east of the river estuary or in the area that form a bay. Algorithm that has the smallest error value is the regression algorithm with MRE value is 10.12% and RMSE value is 4.3493. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the algorithm with regression method is the most suitable algorithm for mapping the distribution of total suspended solid at the mouth of the Wulan River, Demak.
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Moore, C. L., H. Skolnik-David, and P. A. Sharp. "Sedimentation analysis of polyadenylation-specific complexes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 1 (January 1988): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.1.226.
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Precursor RNA containing the adenovirus L3 polyadenylation site is assembled into a 50S complex upon incubation with HeLa nuclear extract at 30 degrees C. The cofactor and sequence requirements for 50S complex formation are similar to those of the in vitro polyadenylation reaction. Assembly of this complex requires ATP but is not dependent upon synthesis of a poly(A) tract. In addition, a 50S complex does not form on substrate RNA in which the AAUAAA hexanucleotide upstream of the poly(A) site has been mutated to AAGAAA or on RNA in which sequences between +5 and +48 nucleotides downstream of the site have been removed. These mutations also prevent in vitro processing of substrate RNA. Kinetic studies suggest that the 50S complex is an intermediate in the polyadenylation reaction. It forms at an early stage in the reaction and at later times contains both poly(A)+ RNA as well as unreacted precursor. U-type small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles are components of the 50S complex, as shown by immunoprecipitation with antiserum specific to the trimethyl cap of these small nuclear RNAs.
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Moore, C. L., H. Skolnik-David, and P. A. Sharp. "Sedimentation analysis of polyadenylation-specific complexes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 1 (January 1988): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.1.226-233.1988.
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Precursor RNA containing the adenovirus L3 polyadenylation site is assembled into a 50S complex upon incubation with HeLa nuclear extract at 30 degrees C. The cofactor and sequence requirements for 50S complex formation are similar to those of the in vitro polyadenylation reaction. Assembly of this complex requires ATP but is not dependent upon synthesis of a poly(A) tract. In addition, a 50S complex does not form on substrate RNA in which the AAUAAA hexanucleotide upstream of the poly(A) site has been mutated to AAGAAA or on RNA in which sequences between +5 and +48 nucleotides downstream of the site have been removed. These mutations also prevent in vitro processing of substrate RNA. Kinetic studies suggest that the 50S complex is an intermediate in the polyadenylation reaction. It forms at an early stage in the reaction and at later times contains both poly(A)+ RNA as well as unreacted precursor. U-type small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles are components of the 50S complex, as shown by immunoprecipitation with antiserum specific to the trimethyl cap of these small nuclear RNAs.
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Rodriguez-Prado, Arcadio, Leonard E. Ripley, and Jorge H. Garcia-Orozco. "Settling of food-processing anaerobic sludge." Water Quality Research Journal 49, no. 4 (August 11, 2014): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2014.003.
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This paper presents preliminary results of settling tests on anaerobic sludge from food-processing wastewater treatment, using 2, 4, and 8 L cylinders. A sedimentation model from the literature was applied to the sedimentation data. The specific settling velocities for the 2 and 4 L cylinders did not differ (t-test; P = 0.896), therefore the data were pooled. The specific settling velocity mean was nearly three times higher (P = 0.027) for the 8 L cylinder (21.03 × 10−4 ± 6.27 × 10−4 m/s) than the pooled smaller cylinder size (7.29 × 10−4 ± 2.32 × 10−4 m/s). Measurement challenges were encountered while working with the 8 L cylinder. Given that tests using a 1 L cylinder resulted in sludge compression, the results indicate that use of both 2 and 4 L cylinders is feasible for lab-scale measurement of sludge settling.
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Sharma, Balkishan. "Processing of data and analysis." Biostatistics and Epidemiology International Journal 1, no. 1 (February 20, 2018): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30881/beij.00003.
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Schuck, Peter, and Borries Demeler. "Direct Sedimentation Analysis of Interference Optical Data in Analytical Ultracentrifugation." Biophysical Journal 76, no. 4 (April 1999): 2288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(99)77384-4.
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HARDING, STEPHEN E., and ARTHUR J. ROWE. "High precision automated off-line analysis of sedimentation equilibrium data." Biochemical Society Transactions 15, no. 6 (December 1, 1987): 1046–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0151046a.
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Budi Santosa, Tri Joko Inti. "ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTATION IN WONOGIRI RESERVOIR." Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 2, no. 1 (January 25, 2016): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.24022.
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The Wonogiri reservoir which has 730 million cubic meters of total storage, 90 square kilometers of water area, and 1260 square kilometers of catchment area, is located in the Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. It was first established in 1981 and began its operation in 1982 with the expectation that it would last for about 100 years. Today (2002) the reservoir has got a serious problem of sedimentation. The sedimentation is so large that it would decrease the capacity storage of the reservoir and would shorten the length of operation. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the sediment that comes into the reservoir. This research would be based on the total sediment calculation of the sedimentation, through some methods, such as echo sounding measured data, land erosion (USLE), the calculation of the sediment in rivers. This research calculates the sediment capacities based on the water flow data and the sediment rating curves in rivers of Keduang, Tirtomoyo, Temon, upstream reach of Bengawan Solo, Alang, and Wuryantoro. The suspended load was calculated based on the sediment rating curves, whereas the bed load was computed as the percentage of the suspended load. The sum of both calculation results would be the total sediment. The calculation result showed that the total sediment which has come into the reservoir is 6.68 million cubic meters per year. As a comparison, the writer noted that the former researcher using echo sounding method done by the Faculty of Geography of the Universitas Gadjah Mada in 1985, it found that the total sediment capacity which came into the reservoir was 6.60 million cubic meters per year or 5.40 mm per year of sheet erosion. The other research using echo sounding method done by JICA in 2000 found that the total sediment which had come into the reservoir was 4.50 million cubic meters per year or 3.50 mm per year of sheet erosion. By knowing the results of calculation of the total sediment, we can learn that different methods provide different results and it is still uncertain which one is true.
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Daubechies, Ingrid, Gitta Kutyniok, Holger Rauhut, and Thomas Strohmer. "Applied Harmonic Analysis and Data Processing." Oberwolfach Reports 15, no. 1 (January 4, 2019): 723–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/owr/2018/14.
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Tabassam, Sehrish, Wajdan Al-Saeed, Ohoud Almughram, and Kholoud Alghamdi. "Scalable Data Analysis and Query Processing." International Journal on Engineering Applications (IREA) 7, no. 3 (May 31, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irea.v7i3.17012.
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Shrager, R. I., and R. W. Hendler. "Processing and analysis of potentiometric data." Biophysical Journal 49, no. 3 (March 1986): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(86)83695-5.
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Vonrhein, Clemens, Claus Flensburg, Peter Keller, Andrew Sharff, Oliver Smart, Wlodek Paciorek, Thomas Womack, and Gérard Bricogne. "Data processing and analysis with theautoPROCtoolbox." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 67, no. 4 (March 18, 2011): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444911007773.
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Xu, Kai, Vladimir G. Kim, Qixing Huang, and Evangelos Kalogerakis. "Data-Driven Shape Analysis and Processing." Computer Graphics Forum 36, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 101–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12790.
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Urazmatov, T. Q., B. B. Nurmetova, and X. Sh Kuzibayev. "Analysis of big data processing technologies." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 862 (May 28, 2020): 042006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/862/4/042006.
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Pivarsk, Jim, Jaydeep Nandi, David Lange, and Peter Elmer. "Columnar data processing for HEP analysis." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 06026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921406026.
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In the last stages of data analysis, physicists are often forced to choose between simplicity and execution speed. In High Energy Physics (HEP), high-level languages like Python are known for ease of use but also very slow execution. However, Python is used in speed-critical data analysis in other fields of science and industry. In those fields, most operations are performed on Numpy arrays in an array programming style; this style can be adopted for HEP by introducing variable-sized, nested data structures. We describe how array programming may be extended for HEP use-cases and an implementation known as awkward-array. We also present integration with ROOT, Apache Arrow, and Parquet, as well as preliminary performance results.
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Ibarra-Castanedo, C., D. González, M. Klein, M. Pilla, S. Vallerand, and X. Maldague. "Infrared image processing and data analysis." Infrared Physics & Technology 46, no. 1-2 (December 2004): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2004.03.011.
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Takai, M., Y. Katayama, and A. Kinomura. "Data processing for RBS tomography analysis." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 77, no. 1-4 (May 1993): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(93)95548-j.
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