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Academic literature on the topic 'Sédiments (géologie) – Var, Vallée du (France)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sédiments (géologie) – Var, Vallée du (France)"
Alabdullah, Jamal. "Comportement des éléments traces et radionucléide ¹³⁷Cs dans les sédiments de la basse vallée du Var." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE4034.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the spatial and vertical distribution of trace elements (stable and radioactive) in the lower valley of the Var River (SE, France). To investigate the chemical distribution of trace elements in different phases of sediments and their mobility, a sequential extraction protocol was developed and applied to all samples. It has helped differentiate the labile fraction of trace elements. Natural background of trace elements in sediments of the lower valley of the Var is proposed, it may be useful in future to better detect pollution in the region. Calculations of enrichment factors (EF) in the core of these elements are also discussed. The activities of natural radionucleides (²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K) and artificial (¹³⁷Cs) were measured sediment samples throughout the watershed of the Var River. Dating with cesium-137 was used as a mark time on the sediment core. To estimate the potential hazard due to natural radionucleides in surface sediments, the absorbed dose rate (D) and the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) were calculated and compared with international recommended values
Cordier, Stéphane. "Les niveaux alluviaux quaternaires de la Meurthe et de la Moselle entre Baccarat et Coblence : étude morphosédimentaire et chronostratigraphique, incidences climatiques et tectoniques." Paris 12, 2004. http://doxa.u-pec.fr:80/theses/th0213635.pdf.
Full textThe terrace system of the Meurthe and Moselle valleys consists in eight stepped levels situated between 0 and 90 m relative height. Their longitudinal profiles are parallel through the Paris basin and the rhenish Massif ; this demonstrates there was no relative uplift along the valley since the middle Pleistocene. The Upper-Moselle capture occured at the end of the sedimentation of PMM4 (OIS 8). The four post-capture levels PMM3 to PMM0 were respectively deposited during the Saalian (OIS 6), the Weichselian (OIS 4-3 and 2), and the Lateglacial (for the present floodplain). The sedimentation is cyclic : most of it occurs during fullglacial and lateglacial periods, with often a minor erosion at the beginning of lateglacial periods. The main erosion occurs during the warm-to-cold transitions
Sebag, David. "Apports de la matière organique pour la reconstitution des paléoenvironnements holocènes de la basse vallée de la Seine : fluctuations des conditions hydrologiques locales et environnements de dépôt." Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUES054.
Full textBally, Gabriel. "Contribution à l'étude de la dynamique d'échange du phosphore dans les sédiments d'une vasière intertidale de l'estuaire de Seine." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUES041.
Full textThis study deals with the phosphorus biogeochemical cycle in the sediments of a Seine estuary intertidal mudflat. It relies on two complementary approaches including a field survey and laboratory's experiments. The intertidal areas, preferential places for fine materials accumulation, allow the trapping of organic and mineral particles. Thus, the main aim of this work is to study the role of this mudflat in term of source and/or sink of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon. The seasonnal survey of porewater chemistry, with the peeper's technic, conducted in the Seine-Aval II program (the "DyVa" project), allows to propose a conceptual model of organic matter degradation, which appears to be forced by the hydrodynamic and more particularly by the erosional/depositional cycles. The dissolved fluxes at the mudflat interface are negligible regarding on which are calculated dowstream (Poses). On the other hand, the particulate fluxes are significant; the mudflat acts as a source in winter and spring, and as a sink in summer. The laboratory's experiments of the phosphorus desorption kinetics show that the release of this nutrient is forced by a fast and a slow kinetic linked with the exchangeable phosphorus concept. Moreover, the distribution coefficient (KD) comparison shows a similar behavior between the intertidal sediments and the suspended particulate matter in term of phosphorus dynamic. These results show the importance of this intertidal mudflat in the dynamic at the Seine mouth: in winter, during the erosive stage, it generates phosphorus particulate fluxes; while, in summer, during a deposit enriched in organic matter, the mudflat generates dissolved nutrient fluxes. In one hand, this work highlights the power of an interdisciplinary approach in studying this environnement. In the other hand, it highlights the necessity to link the intertidal mudflats to the numerical models of sedimentological and geochemical processi in order to increase the understanding of nutrient cycle in the Seine estuary
Laignel, Benoît. "Les altérites à silex de l'ouest du Bassin de Paris : caractérisation lithologique, genèse et utilisation potentielle comme granulats." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES018.
Full textMorin, Eymeric. "Evolution morpho-sédimentaire de la vallée de la Choisille (Sud-Ouest du Bassin Parisien, France) depuis le Weichsélien : spécificité de l'impact climatique et anthropique en Europe du Nord-Ouest." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR4013/document.
Full textThe spatio-temporal variability of the Choisille valley morpho-sedimentary evolution (catchment: 288 km²), a tributary of the middle Loire River in the south-western Parisian Basin (37), was studied through 78 core-drillings (8 transects), geophysical prospecting, sedimentological analyses and 14C and OSL dating. Eight phases of fluvial system evolution were defined and correlated with palynological and archaeological dataset, in order to highlight the impact of forcing factors: climate and/or human activity. From the Weichselian up to the Subatlantic, the fluvial incision or sedimentation activity has strictly evolved under climate control. Since the Allerød, this evolution was different from what has been observed on other rivers of north-western Europe, indicating regional climatic or geological specificities. Since the Bronze Ages, the river has evolved under climatic and human control; the anthropogenic impact on sedimentation was dominant, but spatio-temporaly variable in the catchment, in relationship with the agricultural potentialities of the different areas
Bruna, Pierre-olivier. "Evolution des propriétés réservoir des carbonates peu poreux : exemple des calcaires du Crétacé Inférieur de la Moyenne Durance." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4745.
Full textHemipelagic limestones from the South-East of France are characterized by low values of porosity and permeability that allow considering these rocks as potential analogs to unconventional oil and gas reservoirs or fissured aquifers. These reservoirs are of primary importance in today’s economical context where the energy and the water’s demands grow with the increase in the world population. Nevertheless, the industrial exploitation of such reservoirs faces series of environmental risks and technical challenges that require to be managed in order to reduce their footprint on the environment.This work brought a significant amount of new data on unconventional carbonate reservoirs. It highlights how important compaction features (stylolites, microstylolites, solution seams) may be to fluids storage in such reservoirs. It shows that the diagenetic evolution of hemipelagic carbonate sediments depends on both early processes (sorting, early cementation, differential compaction) and eventual late reactivations (under tectonic stress inversion for example). Coupling three-dimensional modeling with geostatistics appear as an accurate and fast protocol to identify key elements (facies, fractures and stylolite) that play a role in the petrophysical heterogeneity of such unconventional reservoirs. This method also allows identifying equiprobable models of fractures geobodies and investigating the distribution of flow preferential pathways
Gregoire, Gwendoline. "Dynamique sédimentaire et évolution holocène d'un système macrotidal semi-fermé : l'exemple de la rade de Brest." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0103/document.
Full textThe bay of Brest is a tide-dominated, semi-enclosed coastal basin, which is connected with two rivers (Aulne and Elorn). Its jagged shoreline and seabed morphology constitute an ideal setting to understand sedimentary transfer at the land-sea interface. In this aim, this study is divided in two different time scale. The first (a) focuses on the present-day sedimentary bedload dynamic and the second (b) on the reconstruction of the Holocene infilling, during the last marine transgression. (a) A analyse combining a sedimentology approach and numerical has highlighted the major control of the tidal currents. Swells and rivers have a minor impact, because the inherited morphology accentuates and promotes tidal currents. There are responsible of a shelly sandy exchange between the oceanic domain (Iroise Sea) and confined (bay of Brest). At present, the bay of Brest suffers from an imbalance of shelly sand. Fine sediments are eroded and redistributed in the shallow parts of the bay. In ideal conditions (strong tidal current) they can be exported.(b) From the stratigraphic and chronostratigraphic analyses, the successive landward retreat of estuarine processes, during the last marine transgression, has been observed. The sea level acts as the major factor control of the sedimentary geometry deposits. However, the morphological particularity of the bay of Brest influenced their preservation and it is possible to determinate the longitudinal and transversal asymmetry. After the sea level stabilisation (3 000 BP), the Holocene climatic variations and anthropic activities have disturbed the suspension dynamic.The bay of Brest had a different impact on the sedimentary transfer during the last marine transgression. At present, it acts as a « sediment trap » for the fine particles and has not enough sandy sediment. This configuration tends to an erosion of the system
Than, Van Van. "Modélisation d'érosion côtière : application à la partie Ouest du tombolo de Giens." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4736/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the determination of the causes of sea erosion phenomenon, and the production of policy proposals for the protection of the beach. The study begins with the collection and analysis of all available data, to find evolution rules of tombolo of Giens. Which aims to explain how the hydrodynamic processes and sediment transport occur. Then MIKE modeling software was applied to confirm the hypothesis and get a better understanding of the dynamics at work in the Western tombolo. Then, we coupled factors simultaneously: waves, coastal currents and sediment transport for different regimes of wave and wind in MIKE 21. Finally, the possibility of stabilizing the Western tombolo is discussed to give suggestions on the choice of solutions