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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sediments (Geology) – Namibia

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Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Sediments (Geology) – Namibia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sediments (Geology) – Namibia"

1

Chernova, T. G., and M. A. Levitan. "BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE NAMIBIA CONTINENTAL MARGIN." International Geology Review 31, no. 9 (1989): 958–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00206818909465949.

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2

Küster-Heins, Kathrin, Ekkehard Steinmetz, Gert J. De Lange, and Matthias Zabel. "Phosphorus cycling in marine sediments from the continental margin off Namibia." Marine Geology 274, no. 1-4 (2010): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2010.03.008.

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3

Smith, R. M. H., T. R. Mason, and J. D. Ward. "Flash-flood sediments and ichnofacies of the Late Pleistocene Homeb Silts, Kuiseb River, Namibia." Sedimentary Geology 85, no. 1-4 (1993): 579–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(93)90103-c.

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4

DIBENEDETTO, S., and J. GROTZINGER. "Geomorphic evolution of a storm-dominated carbonate ramp (c. 549 Ma), Nama Group, Namibia." Geological Magazine 142, no. 5 (2005): 583–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756805000890.

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The well-exposed Hoogland Member (c. 549 Ma) of the northern Nama Group (Kuibis Subgroup), Namibia, represents a storm-dominated carbonate ramp developed in a foreland basin of terminal Proterozoic age. The ramp displays facies gradients involving updip grainstones which pass downdip into broad, spatially extensive tracts of microbial laminites and finely laminated mudstones deposited above and below storm wave base. Trough cross-bedded, coarse grainstones are shown to transit downdip into finer-grained calcarenites, irregular microbial laminites and mottled laminites. Siliciclastic siltstones and shales were deposited further downdip. Platform growth was terminated through smothering by orogen-derived siliciclastic deposits. Ramp morphology was controlled by several different processes which acted across many orders of magnitude (millimetres to kilometres), including in situ growth of mats and reefs, scouring by wave-produced currents, and transport and infilling of coarse-grained carbonates and fine-grained carbonates and clastics. At the smallest scale, ‘roughening’ of the sea-floor through heterogeneous trapping and binding by microbial mats was balanced by smoothing of the sea-floor through accumulation of loose sediment to fill the topographic lows within the upward-propagating mat. At the next scale up, parasequence development involved roughening of the sea-floor through shoal growth and grainstone progradation, balanced by sea-floor smoothing through shale infilling of resulting downdip accommodation, as well as the metre-scale topographic depressions within the mosaic of shoal-water facies. At even larger (sequence/platform) scales, roughening of the sea-floor occurred through aggradation and progradation of thick carbonates, balanced by infilling of the foreland basin with orogen-derived siliciclastic sediments. At all scales a net balance was achieved between sea-floor roughening and sea-floor smoothing to maintain a more or less constant ramp profile.

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5

Miller, R. McG, C. Krapf, T. Hoey, et al. "A sedimentological record of fluvial-aeolian interactions and climate variability in the hyperarid northern Namib Desert, Namibia." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 3 (2021): 575–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0008.

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Abstract The aeolian regime of the 100 km wide, hyperarid Namib Desert has been sporadically punctuated by the deposition of fluvial sediments generated during periods of higher humidity either further inland or well within the desert from Late Oligocene to Late Holocene. Four new Late Cenozoic formations are described from the northern Skeleton Coast and compared with formations further south: the Klein Nadas, Nadas (gravels, sands), Vulture’s Nest (silts) and Uniab Boulder Formations. The Klein Nadas Formation is a trimodal mass-flow fan consisting of thousands of huge, remobilised, end-Carboniferous Dwyka glacial boulders, many &gt;3 m in length, set in an abundant, K-feldspar-rich and sandy matrix of fine gravel. Deluge rains over the smallest catchments deep within the northern Namib were the driving agent for the Klein Nadas Fan, the termination of which, with its contained boulders, rests on the coastal salt pans. These rains also resulted in catastrophic mass flows in several of the other northern Namib rivers. The Uniab Boulder Formation, being one, consists only of huge free-standing boulders. Gravelly fluvial deposition took place during global interglacial and glacial events. The Skeleton Coast Erg and other smaller dune trains blocked the rivers at times. The low-energy, thinly bedded silt deposits of the central and northern Namib are quite distinctive from the sands and gravels of older deposits. Their intermittent deposition is illustrated by bioturbation and pedogenesis of individual layers. Published offshore proxy climatological data (pollens, upwelling, wind, sea surface temperatures) point to expansion of the winter-rainfall regime of the southern Cape into southwestern Angola during strong glacial periods between the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene. In contrast to deposition initiated by short summer thunder storms, we contend that the silt successions are river-end accumulations within which each layer was deposited by runoff from comparatively gentle winter rains that lasted several days.

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6

Morales, Jorge, and Martin Pickford. "New hyaenodonts (Ferae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene of Napak (Uganda), Koru (Kenya) and Grillental (Namibia)." Fossil Imprint 73, no. 3-4 (2017): 332–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2017-0019.

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Recent palaeontological surveys in Early Miocene sediments at Napak (Uganda), Koru (Kenya) and Grillental (Namibia) have resulted in the collection of a number of small to medium-sized hyaenodonts and carnivorans, some of which were poorly represented in previous collections. The present article describes and interprets the hyaenodonts from these localities. The new fossils permit more accurate interpretation of some of the poorly known taxa, but new taxa are also present. The fossils reveal the presence of a hitherto unsuspected morphofunctional dentognathic system in the Hyaenodontidae which is described and defined, along with previously documented dentognathic complexes. Two new tribes, three new genera and one new species are diagnosed.

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7

Buch, M. W., and D. Rose. "Mineralogy and geochemistry of the sediments of the Etosha Pan Region in northern Namibia: a reconstruction of the depositional environment." Journal of African Earth Sciences 22, no. 3 (1996): 355–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(96)00020-6.

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8

Jacobs, Louis L., Octávio Mateus, Michael J. Polcyn, et al. "Cretaceous paleogeography, paleoclimatology, and amniote biogeography of the low and mid-latitude South Atlantic Ocean." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 180, no. 4 (2009): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.180.4.333.

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Abstract The Cretaceous tropical Atlantic Ocean was the setting for an initial tectonically controlled late Aptian shallow water (≤ 300 m) connection between the northern and southern portions of the Atlantic, followed by a deep-water connection by the Turonian. Ocean currents changed with deepening of the South Atlantic and progressive widening of the Equatorial Atlantic Gateway. Aptian evaporite deposition came to a halt. The Albian-Turonian interval includes a trend toward increasing sea level and was characterized by globally warm sea surface temperatures. Productive areas of coastal upwelling led to the deposition of organic-rich sediments varying in position along the African coast with time, culminating in the Benguela Upwelling that commenced in the Miocene. The drift of Africa in the Late Cretaceous indicates that throughout most of this period, the coastal area around the fossil locality of Iembe, north of Luanda, Angola, lay in arid latitudes (15o S to 30o S), which are generally characterized by sparse vegetation. This presumption is consistent with the utter lack of macroscopic terrestrial plant debris washed into near shore sedimentary environments and indicates that organic rich marine shales have a minimal terrestrial carbon component. The connection of the North and South Atlantic oceans severed a direct terrestrial dispersal route between South America and Africa, but opened a north-south dispersal route for marine amniotes. This seaway was used by late Turonian mosasaurs and sea turtles as evidenced by Angolasaurus and a new turtle taxon close to Sandownia, both found at Iembe and derived from northern clades. The presence of a sauropod in late Turonian sediments, also from Iembe, suggests that this animal was tolerant of warm, arid conditions as the desert elephants of Namibia are today. Further, it suggests that the waning terrestrial dispersal route between South America and Africa was situated in a region where high temperature, low rainfall, and sparse vegetation would be expected to restrict the movement of more mesic and ecologically sensitive species.

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9

Kgabi, Nnenesi A., Eliot Atekwana, Johanna Ithindi, et al. "Isotopic composition and elemental concentrations in groundwater in the Kuiseb Basin and the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin, Namibia." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 378 (May 29, 2018): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-378-93-2018.

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Abstract. We assessed environmental tracers in groundwater in two contrasting basins in Namibia; the Kuiseb Basin, which is a predominantly dry area and the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin, which is prone to alternating floods and droughts. We aimed to determine why the quality of groundwater was different in these two basins which occur in an arid environment. We analysed groundwater and surface water for the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) by cavity ring-down spectroscopy and metals by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The δ2H and δ18O of surface water in the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin plot on an evaporation trend below the global meteoric water line (GMWL) and the local meteoric water line (LMWL). The δ2H and δ18O of some groundwater samples in the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin also plot on the evaporation trend, indicating recharge by evaporated rain or evaporated surface water. In contrast, the δ2H and δ18O of groundwater samples in the Kuiseb Basin plot mostly along the GMWL and the LMWL, indicating direct recharge from unevaporated rain or unevaporated surface water. Fifty percent of groundwater samples in the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin was potable (salinity < 1 ppt) compared to 79 % in the Kuiseb Basin. The high salinity in the groundwater of the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin does not appear to be caused by evaporation of water (evapo-concentration) on surface prior to groundwater recharge, but rather by the weathering of the Kalahari sediments. The low salinity in the Kuiseb Basin derives from rapid recharge of groundwater by unevaporated rain and limited weathering of the crystalline rocks. The order of abundance of cations in the Kuiseb Basin is Na > K > Ca > Mg vs. Na > Mg > Ca > K for the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin. For metals in the Kuiseb Basin the order of abundance is Fe > Al > V > As > Zn vs. Al > Fe > V> As > Zn for the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin. The relative abundance of cations and metals are attributed to the differences in geology of the basins and the extent of water-rock interaction. Our results show that the quality of groundwater in Cuvelai-Etosha Basin and Kuiseb Basin which vary in the extent of aridity, is controlled by the extent of water-rock interaction at the surface and in the groundwater aquifer.

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10

GRAZHDANKIN, DIMA, and ADOLF SEILACHER. "A re-examination of the Nama-type Vendian organism Rangea schneiderhoehni." Geological Magazine 142, no. 5 (2005): 571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756805000920.

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The need to re-examine Rangea has been motivated by two factors: first, by the recent progress in the understanding of three-dimensional mouldic preservation of Vendian fossils, and second, by discoveries of this taxon outside Gondwana albeit in the same sedimentary environment as seen in Namibia. Several important features are revealed, including the in situ posture in the sediment, the double-layered quilted structure, the tripartite stemless body and the mucous-supported sheath in the sediment. It is suggested that Rangea represents an infaunal organism, and that the similarity with other members of the Nama-type biota reflects convergence in functional and fabricational constraints in relation to infaunal life habit.

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