Academic literature on the topic 'SEEA EEA'
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Journal articles on the topic "SEEA EEA"
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Czúcz, Bálint, Heather Keith, Amanda Driver, Bethanna Jackson, Emily Nicholson, and Joachim Maes. "A common typology for ecosystem characteristics and ecosystem condition variables." One Ecosystem 6 (January 27, 2021): e58218. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e58218.
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The UN System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) aims at regular and standardised stocktaking on the extent of ecosystems, their condition and the services they provide to society. Recording the condition of ecosystems is one of the most complex pieces in this exercise, needing to be supported by robust and consistent guidelines. SEEA EEA defines the condition of an ecosystem as its overall quality, measured in terms of quantitative metrics describing both abiotic and biotic characteristics. The main objective of this paper is to propose a simple universal classification (typology) for these ecosystem condition characteristics and metrics, based on long standing ecological concepts and traditions.The proposed SEEA EEA Ecosystem Condition Typology (SEEA ECT) is a hierarchical classification consisting of six classes grouped into three main groups (abiotic, biotic and landscape-level ecosystem characteristics). In order to facilitate practical applications, SEEA ECT is cross-linked to the most relevant existing typologies for ecosystem characteristics currently used for other purposes. To ensure clarity and practicality, we identified potential overlaps between classes and also identified the most important groups of 'ancillary data' that should not be considered as ecosystem condition characteristics. We consider that this new typology for ecosystem condition will create a meaningful reporting structure for ecosystem condition accounts, thus facilitating its standardisation and broad application.
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Keith, Heather, Bálint Czúcz, Bethanna Jackson, Amanda Driver, Emily Nicholson, and Joachim Maes. "A conceptual framework and practical structure for implementing ecosystem condition accounts." One Ecosystem 5 (November 9, 2020): e58216. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.5.e58216.
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Ecosystem condition is a fundamental component in the ecosystem accounting framework as part of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA). Here, we develop a conceptual framework and present a practical structure for implementing ecosystem condition accounts to contribute to the revision process of the SEEA EEA, focussing on six core elements: (1) developing a common definition of ecosystem condition, (2) establishing a conceptual framing for ecosystem condition, (3) portraying the role of condition within the SEEA EEA accounting system, (4) deriving an inclusive multi-purpose approach, (5) describing the components of condition accounts and (6) developing a three-stage structure for reporting accounts. We develop a conceptual framework for an inclusive condition account, building on an ecological understanding of ecosystems upon which definitions, concepts, classifications and reporting structures were based. The framework encompasses the dual perspectives of first, the interdependencies of ecosystem composition, structure and function in maintaining ecosystem integrity and second, the capacity of ecosystems to supply services as benefits for humans. The following components of ecosystem condition accounts are recommended to provide comprehensive, consistent, repeatable and transparent accounts: (1) intrinsic and instrumental values, together with ecocentric and anthropocentric worldviews; (2) a formal typology or classification of characteristics, variables and indicators, based on selection criteria; (3) a reference condition used both to compare past, current and future levels of indicators of condition and as a basis for aggregation of indicators; and (4) a three-stage approach to compiling accounts with increasing levels of information and complexity that are appropriate for different purposes and applications. The recommended broad and inclusive scope of ecosystem condition and the demonstrated practical methods for implementation of accounts will enhance the ecosystem accounting framework and thus support a wider range of current and potential applications and users.
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Bordt, Michael, and Marc Saner. "A critical review of ecosystem accounting and services frameworks." One Ecosystem 3 (October 19, 2018): e29306. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.3.e29306.
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Ecological economists currently face an important opportunity to influence national policies and global awareness regarding ecosystems. Ecosystem services (ES) frameworks, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) and the System of Environmental Economic Accounting Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) will influence how national measurement systems integrate the value of ecosystems and their services into national planning and monitoring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Decision-makers are, however, faced with an embarrassment of riches. There is a multitude of ES frameworks, but no formal and integrative evaluation of the entire set exists. We review the IPBES, the SEEA EEA and 14 other ES frameworks using criteria designed to address operational and convergence considerations for national ecosystem accounting. While the frameworks reviewed incorporate many strengths, none fulfils all the criteria of a comprehensive national ecosystem accounting framework. We conclude with suggestions for conceptual, measurement and process developments to broaden the appeal, utility and acceptance of future frameworks. Considering these suggestions could substantially contribute to the development of ecosystem accounting frameworks that foster a constructive dialogue amongst the many disciplines, national contexts and viewpoints involved in understanding, measuring and making decisions about ecosystems.
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Campos, Pablo, Alejandro Álvarez, José L. Oviedo, Paola Ovando, Bruno Mesa, and Alejandro Caparrós. "Refined Systems of National Accounts and Experimental Ecosystem Accounting Versus the Simplified Agroforestry Accounting System: Testing in Andalusian Holm Oak Open Woodlands." Forests 11, no. 4 (2020): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040393.
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The scientific debate over how to make visible the connections between the standard System of National Accounts (SNA) and its ongoing satellite Environmental Economic Ecosystem Accounting–Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA–EEA) is a challenge that is still pending. The literature on environmental accounting of agroforestry and silvopastoral landscapes rarely values the multiple ecosystem services of an area, an economic unit (e.g., farm), or a vegetation type (e.g., holm oak—Quercus ilex L.—open woodland). Generally, the literature presents the market value of the products consumed directly or a correction of the latter that reduces their exchange values in order to approximate them to their resource rents. In our previous publications, we have applied and compared our Agroforestry Accounting System (AAS) with the System of National Accounts (SNA), and we refined the latter to avoid the lag between income generation and its accounting in the period in which the product is extracted. These previous publications did not develop experimental applications of the SEEA–EEA with comparisons to the SNA and it being integrated into the AAS. The main novelty of this article is that, for the first time, we present detailed applications and comparisons of our developments of the refined SEEA–EEA and refined SNA with a simplified version of the AAS. The accounting frameworks applied take the production and capital accounts in the process of being updated by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) at the scale of the holm oak open woodlands of Andalusia into account. In this study, we compare three environmental accounting approaches for ecosystem services and environmental income measurements at basic and social prices: our slightly refined standard System of National Accounts (rSNA); our refined, updated and ongoing satellite System of Environmental Economic Accounting–Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (rSEEA–EEA); and our simplified Agroforestry Accounting System (sAAS). We tested them for 15 economic activities in 1408 thousand hectares of the predominantly mixed holm oak open woodland (HOW) land use tiles in the region of Andalusia, Spain. We considered the government institutional sector to be the collective owner of public economic activities, which we incorporated in the rSNA and the sAAS approaches. We discuss consistencies in environmental incomes identified from the results of the three ecosystem accounting frameworks applied to the HOW. The discrepancies in the measurement of ecosystem services of the government institutional sector between the rSEEA–EEA and the sAAS were due to the omission in the former of the government manufactured costs incurred in the supply of freely consumed public final products. The most notable finding of our comparison is that the ecosystem services and the environmental income results for individual market products offered the same values, whichever the ecosystem accounting framework applied. This was not the case with the ecosystem services of public products without market prices, due to the fact that the rSNA estimates these products at production cost and the rSEEA–EEA did not consider the government manufactured production costs and ordinary manufactured net operating margin of government final public product consumption. We also found that, according to modeling of the scheduled management of future biological resources of the HOW, the environmental income shows biological sustainability of the individual nature-based total product consumption.
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Maes, Joachim, Amanda Driver, Bálint Czúcz, et al. "A review of ecosystem condition accounts: lessons learned and options for further development." One Ecosystem 5 (June 15, 2020): e53485. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.5.e53485.
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Ecosystem condition accounts are part of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting – Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA). An ecosystem condition account contains aggregated statistical information about the overall abiotic and biotic quality of an ecosystem at a policy relevant spatial scale. This article reviews 23 publicly-accessible reports undertaken or commissioned by government agencies, academic and non-government organisations that discuss or present an ecosystem condition account. This analysis revealed that ecosystem condition is usually reported for one or more ecosystem types, but there is little consistency in the terminology used to define ecosystem types. All case studies report variables or indicators that measure specific ecosystem characteristics in order to make inferences about the overall condition of ecosystems. All studies included biotic indicators and almost all studies included species-based indicators in the condition account. The thematic aggregation of indicators into a single composite index (or in a few composite sub-indices) is not a standard practice, but applied in about half of the studies. The definition and use of a reference condition or reference levels for specific indicators against which the reported condition can be evaluated is not a standard practice, but was applied in about half of the studies. Based on this analysis, we suggest the revision of the SEEA EEA to propose a globally-consistent typology of ecosystem types; to recommend a list of ecosystem condition indicators according to an agreed classification; to provide further guidance on aggregation methods and on the development of an ecosystem condition index that can be used to compare ecosystem condition across ecosystem types and across different accounting areas; to provide further guidance on how best to set reference levels and reference conditions against which the past, current and future ecosystem condition can be assessed; and to propose a standard set of statistical tables for reporting the condition account.
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Sylla, Marta, Zuzana V. Harmáčková, Ioanna Grammatikopoulou, Charlotte Whitham, Adam Pártl, and Davina Vačkářová. "Methodological and empirical challenges of SEEA EEA in developing contexts: Towards ecosystem service accounts in the Kyrgyz Republic." Ecosystem Services 50 (August 2021): 101333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101333.
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Dvarskas, Anthony. "Experimental ecosystem accounting for coastal and marine areas: A pilot application of the SEEA-EEA in Long Island coastal bays." Marine Policy 100 (February 2019): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.11.017.
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Kotsiras, Konstantinos, Ioannis P. Kokkoris, Arne Strid, and Panayotis Dimopoulos. "Integrating Plant Diversity Data into Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystem and Their Services (MAES) Implementation in Greece: Woodland and Forest Pilot." Forests 11, no. 9 (2020): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11090956.
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Research Highlights: This is the first approach that integrates biodiversity data into Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystem and their Services (MAES) implementation and natural capital accounting process, at the national scale, using an extensive vascular plant dataset for Greece. Background and Objectives: The study aims to support the MAES implementation in Greece, by assessing, as a pilot, the woodland and forest ecosystem type; the targets of the study are: (a) Identify and map ecosystem type extent; (b) identify ecosystem condition using biodiversity in terms of plant species richness (i.e., total, ecosystem exclusive, endemic, ecosystem exclusive endemic diversity); (c) develop ecosystem asset proxy indicators by combining ecosystem extent and ecosystem condition outcomes; (d) identify shortcomings; and (e) propose future steps and implications for the MAES implementation and natural capital accounting, based on biodiversity data. Materials and Methods: Following the national European Union’s and United Nations System of Environmental Economic Accounts-Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EEA) guidelines and the adopted National Set of MAES Indicators, we developed a set of four proxy ecosystem asset indicators to assess ecosystem types with respect to ecosystem area extent and ecosystem condition. This was as interpreted by its plant diversity in terms of species richness (total, ecosystem exclusive, endemic, and ecosystem exclusive endemic diversity). Results: The results revealed that when indicators use well-developed biodiversity datasets, in combination with ecosystem extent data, they can provide the baseline for ecosystem condition assessment, ecosystem asset delineation, and support operational MAES studies. Conclusions: The relation among biodiversity, ecosystem condition, and ecosystem services is not a linear equation and detailed, fine-scale assessments are needed to identify and interpret all aspects of biodiversity. However, areas of importance are pinpointed throughout Greece, and guidance is provided for case-study selection, conservation strategy, and decision-making under the perspective of national and EU environmental policies.
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La, Notte Alessandra, and Alexandra Marques. "The role of enabling actors in ecosystem service accounting." One Ecosystem 2 (December 18, 2017): e20834. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.2.e20834.
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When accounting for ecosystem services, it is important to distinguish between the flow of services and the flow of benefits (which can be part of economic accounts or not) generated by those services. To disentangle services and benefits, particular attention has to be paid in allocating each category of flows in the use table to those institutional sectors that generate the need for the services and have the power to modify them - the enabling actors - and to final beneficiaries. The general concept of use, without specifying whether services or benefits are referred to, could in fact lead to misinterpretations. This paper discusses the issue of the allocation of ecosystem services and the role of enabling actors through a practical example of water purification accounts in the Netherlands. In particular, the role of the agricultural sector as an enabling actor is disentangled from the cleaned water as benefit and from water supply companies as beneficiaries. The proper allocation of the flow of the service can in fact facilitate the establishment of a causal relationship between the actions of economic actors and ecological consequences and <i>vice versa</i>.
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Cesar, Cássia S., and Marcelo N. Rossi. "The interaction effect between intraspecific competition and seed quality on the life‐history traits of the seed‐feeding beetle Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 167, no. 12 (2019): 986–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eea.12854.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "SEEA EEA"
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Jmail, Nawel. "Séparation des activités cérébrales phasiques et oscillatoires en MEG, EEG et EEG intracérébral." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5013/document.
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Les oscillations jouent un rôle de premier plan dans la mise en place des réseaux cérébraux sains et pathologiques. En particulier, au niveau clinique, les activités oscillatoires sont d'une grande importance diagnostique en épilepsie. Par ailleurs, les méthodes non-invasives d'électrophysiologie sont particulièrement adaptées pour la compréhension des réseaux cérébraux à grande échelle. Cependant, la majorité des études en épilepsie a été dirigée vers les pointes intercritiques, qui sont des activités transitoires. Une question qui reste donc en suspens est le lien entre les pointes épileptiques et les activités oscillatoires épileptiques. Cette thèse a visé à résoudre deux problématiques complémentaires autour de cette question. La première problématique est la séparation adéquate entre les activités oscillatoires et transitoires. Il s'agit d'une tâche difficile surtout lors d'un grand chevauchement temporel, qui peut résulter en la contamination d'une activité par l'autre. Nous avons évaluée trois méthodes de filtrage : le filtre FIR (méthode classique), la transformé d'ondelette stationnaire et le filtrage parcimonieux par matching pursuit (MP, basé sur un dictionnaire). Sur des simulations, la SWT a donné de très bons résultats pour la reconstruction des transitoires et le MP pour les oscillations ; de plus, les deux méthodes ont donné un faible taux de faux positifs en détection automatique des oscillations. La SWT et le FIR ont donné les meilleurs résultats de filtrage sur les signaux réels, en particulier lors de la localisation de source<br>The Oscillatory activities play a leading role in the development of healthy and pathological brain networks. In particular, at the clinical level, the oscillatory activities are of great importance in the diagnostic of epilepsy. In addition, the non-invasive electrophysiology methods are particularly suitable for understanding the large-scale brain networks. However, most studies in epilepsy have been directed to the interictal spikes, which are transitional activities. One issue that remains unresolved is the relationship between epileptic spikes and epileptic oscillatory activities. This thesis resolves two complementary problems. The first one is the suitable separation between the oscillatory and transitory activity, which is quite sensitive to the presence of the overlap in the time-frequency domain. This can lead to a contamination between the activities. We did evaluate three filtering methods: the FIR (classic methods), the stationary wavelet SWT and the parsimonious filter with the matching pursuit MP. The SWT gave good results in the reconstruction of transient activity and the MP in the reconstruction of oscillatory activity both for simulated data; also they provide a low false positive in automatic detection of oscillatory activity. The SWT and FIR gave the best results on real signals especially for source localization. In the simulated data, the MP is optimal since the atoms of the dictionary resembles to the simulated signals, which isn't guaranteed for real signals. The second problem is the comparison between network connectivity of transient and oscillatory activity, as measured in surface recordings (MEG) and invasive recordings SEEG
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Koolen, Gijsbertus Marius Josef Maria. "Een seer bequaem middel : onderwijs en kerk onder de zeventiende-eeuwse VOC /." Kampen : J. H. Kok, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355998841.
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Hillberg, Torbjörn, and Emil Holmberg. "Metanol som marint bränsle : Alkohol som en lösning, inte ett problem." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34103.
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Sedan industrialismens start har människan påverkat klimatbalansen genom förbränning av fossila bränslen. Rökgasemissionerna förorsakade av internationell sjöfart kan inte tillskrivas någon särskild nations ansvar på grund av dess globala och komplicerade verksamhet. FN:s sjöfartsorgan IMO har således åtagit sig ansvaret att minska sjöfartens miljöpåverkan. Införandet av nya miljömål har resulterat i strängare globala och nationella regler som tvingar sjöfartsnäringen till omfattande anpassningar under kort tid. Som lösning för att uppfylla kommande krav gällande rökgasemissioner har flertalet alternativa bränslen diskuterats. Drift på metanol medför låga rökgasemissioner och anses därav ha potential till att bli ett hållbart bränsle inom sjöfarten. Studiens syfte har varit att undersöka vad rederier, maskintillverkare och klassningssällskap anser om metanol som ett alternativt bränsle. Inledningsvis genomfördes en litteraturstudiedel som sedan låg till grund under utformandet av intervjufrågorna. Resultatet visar att metanol anses ha stor potential i jämförelse med andra alternativa bränsle. Då metanol kan produceras från överskottsenergi och transport kan ske med befintlig infrastruktur betraktas det både miljövänligt och ekonomiskt försvarbart. Likväl medför det kraftigt varierande metanolpriset att rederier hämmas att satsa på utvecklingen som krävs för att realisera metanoldrift av fartyg.<br>Since the start of industrialization humans have affected the climate balance by burning fossil fuels. Exhaust gas emissions caused by the international shipping cannot be attributed to any particular nation because of its global and complex business. The International Maritime Organisation has therefore undertaken the responsibility to reduce the environmental impact of shipping. The introduction of new environmental goals has resulted in stricter global and national regulations that force the shipping industry to make significant adjustments in a short period of time. As a solution to meet future requirements for exhaust gas emissions several alternative fuels have been discussed. Operating vessels on methanol results in low exhaust gas emissions and is therefore considered to have the potential to become a sustainable fuel for the shipping industry. The aim of this study was to investigate what shipping companies, machine manufacturers and classification societies considers about methanol as an alternative fuel. Initially, a literature study was implemented which formed the basis of the interview questions. The result shows that methanol is considered to have great potential compared with other alternative fuels. Since methanol can be produced from excess energy and transportation can be done with existing infrastructure methanol is considered both environmentally friendly and economically viable. Nevertheless, the highly fluctuating methanol price can causes shipping companies to hesitate in the financing of developments that is necessary for the realization of methanol operation on board vessels.
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Maillard, Louis. "Etude des signaux électrophysiologiques intra-cérébraux et imagerie de sources électriques appliquées aux interactions entre les épilepsies et la cognition." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00546762.
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Sjöberg, Niklas B. "Eel migration - results from tagging studies with relevance to management." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113829.
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In response to the drastic decline of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla (L.)) fisheries have been reduced and elvers are stocked in areas where natural abundances are low. Are these measures adequate? To answer different aspects of this question, we have analysed more than a century of eel tagging, using both traditional and more novel capture – recapture analyses. Based on these long-term data, we have evaluated the impact of the Swedish eel coastal fisheries using Survival analysis. Our analysis indicates that the fishing mortality just prior the 2009 fishing restrictions were in the order of 10%. More recent tagging programs have focused on issues related to the fate of stocked fish. If and how they migrate out of the Baltic Sea and further on towards the Atlantic Ocean. Both earlier and our new studies reveal that all eels recaptured on the Swedish East Coast, no matter of their origin, migrate at a reasonable speed and direction towards the outlets of the Baltic Sea. Even though it is sometimes difficult to determine their origin, our analyses indicate that stocked fish were scarce among the recaptures. In an experiment on the Swedish West Coast, we knew the individuals’ origin (stocked or wild) and they had similar migration patterns. In contrast, silver eel in Lake Mälaren – assumed to have been stocked as elvers or bootlace eels – seemed to have difficulties in finding the outlets. Instead they overwintered and lost weight. However, weight losses are also significant among non-stocked individuals in the Baltic Sea, both if they overwinter and if they appear to be on their way out from the area. It remains an open question whether eels from the Baltic region in general, and whether the overwintered fish in particular, manage to reach the spawning area in the Atlantic Ocean. Based on current knowledge, I advocate invoking the precautionary approach and to concentrate Swedish eel stockings to the West Coast and allow the young fish to spread out on their own.<br><p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript.</p><p> </p>
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Elias, Caroline Cristina. "Obtenção, caractetizações estruturais e atividade enzimática do sítio C-catalítico da enzima conversora de angiotensina I - região ALA959 até SER1066." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-23112015-083845/.
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A enzima conversora de angiotensina (ECA) catalisa a conversão de angiotensina I (Ang I) no vasoconstritor angiotensina II (Ang II) e hidrolisa a bradicinina (BK). ECA somática (sECA) possui dois domínios homólogos (N e C) que têm 60% de identidade. Embora estas duas regiões tenham homologia grande, o sítio catalítico C-domínio exibe uma atividade três vezes maior do que o N-domínio na hidrolise de Ang I in vivo. Este fato torna interessante o desenvolvimento de novos estudos de inibidores ou a melhoria dos já existentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi obter a região Ala959 até Ser1066 do Cdomínio da sECA (c-sECA), em uma estrutura conformacional semelhante à estrutura nativa. Nós amplificamos a sequência correspondente ao sítio catalítico da c-sECA com 324pb e clonamos esta sequência no vetor pET 28a(+). O segmento (nomeado de pET28_c-sECA) foi expresso em sistema bacteriano. A proteína foi expressa na forma solúvel e a purificação foi feita em uma única etapa utilizando a coluna de afinidade His-tag, a qual produziu a proteína pura. Análises estruturais por dicroísmo circular e fluorescência confirmaram que a proteína recombinante estava na conformação correta, e os ensaios de atividade mostraram que a c-sECA possui atividade enzimática e é inibida por lisinopril.<br>The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I (Ang I) to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II (Ang II) and the hydrolysis of bradykinin (BK). Human somatic ACE (sACE) has two homologous domains (N and C) that show 60% identity. Although these two regions have high homology, the catalytic site of the C-domain exhibits three times more activity than that of the N-domain in the hydrolysis of Ang I in vivo. This fact necessitates the development of new inhibitors or the improvement of existing ones. This study aimed to obtain the Ala959 to Ser1066 catalytic region of C-domain of sACE (c-sACE) in a structural conformation that resembles the native structure. We amplified the 324-bp sequence corresponding to the catalytic site of c-sACE and cloned this sequence into a pET28a(+) vector. The segment (named pET28_c-sACE) was expressed in a bacterial system. The expressed protein segment was soluble, and its purification was performed in one step using a His-tag affinity column. Structural analysis by circular dichroism and fluorescence confirmed that the purified protein is correctly folded, and an activity assay showed that c-sACE possesses enzymatic activity and is inhibited by lisinopril.
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Seehauser, Sebastian. "The European external action service." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11500.
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Dissertação de Mesrado em Relações Internacionais<br>Esta dissertação tem como questão principal a funcionalidade do Serviço Europeu de Ação Externa (SEAE) como um ator diplomático efetivo e eficiente. A dissertação procura uma resposta viável através da analise de
possíveis vantagens e desvantagens do SEAE como agente diplomático, agindo em termos políticos e económicos.
A pesquisa segue uma linha de argumentação que estuda diferentes aspectos. Primeiro, a base técnica do
SEAE, que inclui o fundamento jurídico, as funções e tarefas, assim como a organização interna estabelecida
pelos tratados da União Europeia. Segundo, a análise da posição do Alto Representante no seu cargo de chefe
do SEAE. Adicionalmente adissertação considera o funcionamento do SEAE em base das funções diplomáticas estabelecidas pela Convenção de Viena sobre Relações Diplomáticas e pela Convenção de Viena sobre Relações Consulares. A analise também reflete a existência e as implicaçõesdo SEAE em concomitância de
outros serviços diplomáticos nacionais dos Estadosmembros da UE.<br>The main question that this research paper seeks to address is the functionality of the EEAS as an effective
and efficient diplomatic actor. The thesis pursues the answer in ananalysis of possible advantages and
disadvantages of the EEAS as a diplomatic agent inpolitical and economic terms.The research is based on the
argumentation line studying different aspects. Firstly, thetechnical basis of the EEAS, including the juridical fundament, the functions and duties, as well as the internal organization established by EU treaties are reviewed.
Secondly isanalysed the role of the HR/VP as chief executive of the EEAS. Additional the thesisconsiders the
functioning of the EEAS on the basis of the diplomatic functions stated inthe Vienna Convention on Diplomatic
Relations and the Vienna Convention on ConsularRelations. The analysis also reflects the existence and implications of EEAS alongsideother national diplomatic services of European Union member states.
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Altakroury, Hamza Fawzi. "In-vivo Human Head Conductivity Estimation by SEEG and EEG Recorded in Simultaneous with Intracerebral Electrical Stimulation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0304/document.
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La localisation de source d'EEG devient un outil important pour traiter les patients atteints d'épilepsie en localisant les zones épileptogènes avant d'effectuer une chirurgie de résection. Compte tenu d'un modèle de tête direct, la localisation de la source EEG est réalisée en résolvant le problème inverse. Le modèle de tête direct est un modèle biophysique de tête plus ou moins complexe qui décrit la distribution électrique. En considérant la propagation électrique expliquant la distribution de potentiels, outre la numérisation, le modèle nécessite le réglage deux paramètres lesquels sont la géométrie du modèle de tête et la valeur des conductivités de chaque compartiment du modèle de tête. En raison des progrès computationnel et des techniques d'imagerie (comme l'IRM et la CT), il est possible de générer des modèles de tête humaine qui représentent avec une grande précision la géométrie de la tête réelle. Cependant, il existe une incertitude sur les valeurs de conductivité de chaque compartiment et la méthode avec laquelle ils devraient être estimés. Dans la littérature, les valeurs communes pour les conductivités proviennent principalement des expériences in-vitro. Dans ce travail, nous effectuons une estimation de la conductivité in-vivo à partir de données EEG/SEEG/Stimulation électrique de trois patients épileptiques. Ces données sont constituées des images IRM et des CT SCAN pour la construction d'un modèle de tête FEM à cinq compartiments pour chaque patient, ainsi que les enregistrements SEEG et EEG qui ont été acquis en même temps que la stimulation électrique intracérébrale (IES). L'originalité de ce travail réside dans l'évaluation de la performance de l'estimation des conductivités in-vivo par des mesures EEG et / ou SEEG en fonction de différents paramètres spatiaux et de la localisation des IES. Le travail se compose de trois parties principales: la première partie vise à déterminer la méthode d’optimisation sous contraintes la plus robuste parmi les algorithmes courants pour optimiser les paramètres du modèle direct de tête. L'objectif de la deuxième partie est d'analyser la sensibilité des valeurs de conductivité à différentes conditions sur la position de stimulation, le conditionnement du problème avec les positions de mesure et leur nombre et le nombre de compartiments. Alors que dans la partie finale, les conductivités d'un modèle de tête FEM isotrope et homogène à cinq compartiments ont été estimées avec des paramètres précédemment déterminés pour les trois patients. Enfin, l'effet de la fréquence de stimulation sur les conductivités estimées est analysé<br>EEG source localization is becoming an important tool for treating epileptic patients by localizing the epileptogenic zones before performing a resection surgery. Given a forward head model, EEG source localization is performed by solving the inverse problem. The forward head model is a biophysical model which describes the electrical distribution in the human head. When considering the propagation as the only way for the current distribution to move in the head, the focus is directed primarily on two parameters for having an accurate forward head model. These parameters are: the geometry of the head model and the conductivity value of each compartment of the head model. Due to the recent advances in computers and imaging techniques (like MRI and CT), it is possible to generate human head models that represent with a high accuracy the geometry of the real head. However, there is still an argument about the conductivity values and the method by which it should be estimated. In literature, the common values for conductivities come mostly from in-vitro experiments. In this work we are performing in-vivo conductivity estimation by considering the data of three epileptic patients. This data consists of MR images and CT scans for building a five-compartment FEM head model for each patient along with SEEG and EEG recordings that were acquired in simultaneous with intracerebral electrical stimulation (IES). The originality of this work lies in evaluating the performance of in-vivo conductivity estimation by EEG and/or SEEG measurements in function of different spatial parameters and locations of the IES. The following work consists of three major parts: the first part aims to determine the most robust optimization algorithm among common algorithms for optimizing the forward head model. The objective of the second part is to analyze the sensitivity of the conductivity values given different conditions on stimulation position, measurement positions and number of compartments. While in the final part, the conductivities of an isotropic and homogeneous five-compartment FEM head model were estimated with previously selected parameters for three drug-resistant epileptic patients. Finally the effect of changing the stimulation frequency on the estimated conductivities was determined
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Alfredsson, Hanna. "Prey selection of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) larvae in the Sargasso Sea: a molecular approach." Thesis, University of Kalmar, University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-2129.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The European eel (<em>Anguilla anguilla</em>) migrates to the Sargasso Sea to spawn. Even though the biology of <em>A. anguilla </em>leptocephali in the Sargasso Sea has been studied for several decades, information regarding their diet has remained unknown until now. Previous dietary studies concerning other species of leptocephali in the Pacific Ocean have been limited to the recognition of identifiable prey remains amongst gut contents. Hence, in this study a molecular approach relying on the detection of prey DNA amongst gut contents was used to study dietary profiles of <em>A. anguilla</em> leptocephali in the Sargasso Sea.</p><p> </p><p>Leptocephali were collected during the circumglobal Galathea 3 expedition in spring 2007 to the Sargasso Sea. DNA extracted from gut contents were PCR amplified using universal primers targeting the nuclear 18S rRNA gene. In order to separate eel amplicons from prey amplicons, PCR products were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Furthermore, clone libraries were constructed using universal primers targeting a portion of the 18S rRNA and mitochondrial COI gene, respectively. In total, the gut contents of 78 leptocephali were screened by DGGE.</p><p> </p><p>A diverse array of eukaryotic taxa was identified, hence demonstrating the applicability of a universal PCR- DGGE approach to study gut contents of leptocephali. The results presented here show, for the first time, that young stages of <em>A. anguilla</em> leptocephali feed on a large variety of zooplankton of which many were gelatinous (e.g. Hydrozoa, Thaliacea and Ctenophora). Several of the identified taxa also constitute important parts of the Sargasso Sea zooplankton community and are of size ranges (adult or larval stages) that made them reasonable as leptocephali prey.</p>
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Altakroury, Hamza Fawzi. "In-vivo Human Head Conductivity Estimation by SEEG and EEG Recorded in Simultaneous with Intracerebral Electrical Stimulation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0304.
Full textAbstract:
La localisation de source d'EEG devient un outil important pour traiter les patients atteints d'épilepsie en localisant les zones épileptogènes avant d'effectuer une chirurgie de résection. Compte tenu d'un modèle de tête direct, la localisation de la source EEG est réalisée en résolvant le problème inverse. Le modèle de tête direct est un modèle biophysique de tête plus ou moins complexe qui décrit la distribution électrique. En considérant la propagation électrique expliquant la distribution de potentiels, outre la numérisation, le modèle nécessite le réglage deux paramètres lesquels sont la géométrie du modèle de tête et la valeur des conductivités de chaque compartiment du modèle de tête. En raison des progrès computationnel et des techniques d'imagerie (comme l'IRM et la CT), il est possible de générer des modèles de tête humaine qui représentent avec une grande précision la géométrie de la tête réelle. Cependant, il existe une incertitude sur les valeurs de conductivité de chaque compartiment et la méthode avec laquelle ils devraient être estimés. Dans la littérature, les valeurs communes pour les conductivités proviennent principalement des expériences in-vitro. Dans ce travail, nous effectuons une estimation de la conductivité in-vivo à partir de données EEG/SEEG/Stimulation électrique de trois patients épileptiques. Ces données sont constituées des images IRM et des CT SCAN pour la construction d'un modèle de tête FEM à cinq compartiments pour chaque patient, ainsi que les enregistrements SEEG et EEG qui ont été acquis en même temps que la stimulation électrique intracérébrale (IES). L'originalité de ce travail réside dans l'évaluation de la performance de l'estimation des conductivités in-vivo par des mesures EEG et / ou SEEG en fonction de différents paramètres spatiaux et de la localisation des IES. Le travail se compose de trois parties principales: la première partie vise à déterminer la méthode d’optimisation sous contraintes la plus robuste parmi les algorithmes courants pour optimiser les paramètres du modèle direct de tête. L'objectif de la deuxième partie est d'analyser la sensibilité des valeurs de conductivité à différentes conditions sur la position de stimulation, le conditionnement du problème avec les positions de mesure et leur nombre et le nombre de compartiments. Alors que dans la partie finale, les conductivités d'un modèle de tête FEM isotrope et homogène à cinq compartiments ont été estimées avec des paramètres précédemment déterminés pour les trois patients. Enfin, l'effet de la fréquence de stimulation sur les conductivités estimées est analysé<br>EEG source localization is becoming an important tool for treating epileptic patients by localizing the epileptogenic zones before performing a resection surgery. Given a forward head model, EEG source localization is performed by solving the inverse problem. The forward head model is a biophysical model which describes the electrical distribution in the human head. When considering the propagation as the only way for the current distribution to move in the head, the focus is directed primarily on two parameters for having an accurate forward head model. These parameters are: the geometry of the head model and the conductivity value of each compartment of the head model. Due to the recent advances in computers and imaging techniques (like MRI and CT), it is possible to generate human head models that represent with a high accuracy the geometry of the real head. However, there is still an argument about the conductivity values and the method by which it should be estimated. In literature, the common values for conductivities come mostly from in-vitro experiments. In this work we are performing in-vivo conductivity estimation by considering the data of three epileptic patients. This data consists of MR images and CT scans for building a five-compartment FEM head model for each patient along with SEEG and EEG recordings that were acquired in simultaneous with intracerebral electrical stimulation (IES). The originality of this work lies in evaluating the performance of in-vivo conductivity estimation by EEG and/or SEEG measurements in function of different spatial parameters and locations of the IES. The following work consists of three major parts: the first part aims to determine the most robust optimization algorithm among common algorithms for optimizing the forward head model. The objective of the second part is to analyze the sensitivity of the conductivity values given different conditions on stimulation position, measurement positions and number of compartments. While in the final part, the conductivities of an isotropic and homogeneous five-compartment FEM head model were estimated with previously selected parameters for three drug-resistant epileptic patients. Finally the effect of changing the stimulation frequency on the estimated conductivities was determined
Books on the topic "SEEA EEA"
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Connor, Timothy Charles. EEC nationals and their rights to (seek) work within the United Kingdom. The Polytechnic, 1990.
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Jack, Eugenius Alexander. Memoirs of E.A. Jack: Steam engineer, CSS Virginia. Brandyland Publishers in cooperation with the Friends of the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard Museum, 1998.
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Schneersohn, Menaḥem Mendel. Seek out the welfare of Jerusalem =: Shaʾalu shelom Yerushalayim : analytical studies by the Lubavitcher Rebbe Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson of the Rambam's rulings concerning the construction and the design of the Beis hamikdash. Sichos in English, 1994.
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Meijer, Eva. Multispecies Dialogues. Amsterdam University Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5117/9789048564415.
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In ‘Multispecies Dialogues’ Eva Meijer develops a new understanding of the concept ‘dialogue’, which includes embodied, material and spatial interaction. Meijer does not do this alone: each chapter of the book is devoted to a dialogue, or set of dialogues – with street dog Olli, a community of former lab mice, amphibian neighbours, the North Sea, and many other beings. Taking multispecies dialogues seriously is a way to do justice to more-than-human agency and to become more worldly in a time dominated by humans. Rethinking the model of the dialogue also opens up new ways of doing philosophy in multispecies world, which is urgently needed to address the ecological, political and philosophical problems of our time.
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Baumann, Anne-Sophie, and Anne-Kathrin Behl. Eek! a Mouse Seek-And-Peek Book. Chronicle Books LLC, 2016.
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Gable, Philip A., Matthew W. Miller, and Edward M. Bernat, eds. The Oxford Handbook of EEG Frequency. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192898340.001.0001.
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Abstract The use of electroencephalography (EEG) to study the human mind has seen tremendous growth across a vast array of disciplines due to increased ease of use and affordability of the technology. Typically, researchers study how the magnitude of the waves changes over time or how the rhythm (frequency) of the waves changes over time. The Oxford Handbook of EEG Frequency is arguably the first work to comprehensively describe the ways to study how the frequency of the waves changes over time and how changes in frequency are linked to cognitive, affective, and motor processes. Consisting of 23 chapters written by leading authorities in the field, this work is separated into three sections, with the first focusing on the basics of EEG frequency research, linking frequency analyses to core components of EEG research with event-related potential (ERP) components and local field potentials (LFPs) in non-human animals. The second section looks at specific EEG frequency components that are commonly studied using traditional frequency bands of activity to study specific psychological processes. Finally, the third section explores EEG frequency analyses in special populations and altered states. Each chapter provides a diverse perspective on the topic, giving readers the opportunity to learn about a vast array of methods to conduct EEG frequency analyses, from ‘traditional’ to cutting-edge techniques, providing a comprehensive and in-depth overview of electroencephalography (EEG).
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Lim, Alvin Cheng-Hin, and Frank Cibulka, eds. China and Southeast Asia in the Xi Jinping Era. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666987812.
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In 2012, the Communist Party of China (CPC) inaugurated the Xi Jinping era when it elected him to be the General Secretary of the CPC. The following year Xi was elected President of the People’s Republic of China. The Xi Jinping era has seen a remarkable transformation of Chinese foreign policy, which has been adjusted to facilitate the achievement of what Xi has proclaimed as “the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation.” Xi’s Belt and Road Initiative has become a major element of Chinese economic diplomacy, while the Chinese military-industrial complex under his leadership has strengthened China’s extensive claims in the South China Sea with reclamation works and the installation of military facilities on its occupied islands. This edited volume will focus on the countries of Southeast Asia and examine how their relations with China have been transformed in the Xi Jinping era.
Book chapters on the topic "SEEA EEA"
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Marton, Johann, Eberhard Widmann, and Johann Zmeskal. "Creativity-innovation - the seed for frontier science." In EXA 2011. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4890-3_58.
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Giordano, Laura, Francesco Paolo Buonocunto, Luciana Ferraro, Alfonsa Milia, and Matilda Mali. "The environmental function analysis: a promising tool to evaluate the coastal zone conservation potential." In Ninth International Symposium “Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas: Problems and Measurement Techniques”. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0030-1.21.
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This study reports and compares the application and usefulness of the Environmental Function Analysis to discover the potential for conservation of two very different coastal areas located along the Campania Region (Southern Italy). The first EFA site is located in the Volturno River Coastal Zone (southern Tyrrhenian sea) while the second EFA study site is located at the western end of the Sorrento Peninsula in the Bay of Naples. Results demonstrated that EFA permits to effectively synthetize the information on coastal system functioning and on their potential for conservation or development.
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Men, Hongyi, Sky Lo, and Xiangmin Guo. "Research Review and Prospects of EEG Technology in the Field of Space Emotion Cognition." In Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-3433-0_40.
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Abstract With advancements in biology and sensor technology, neuroscience, particularly electroencephalograph (EEG) technology, has seen significant developments and applications in the field of space emotion perception. EEG technology records brain electrical activity through electrodes placed on the scalp. The signals collected by these electrodes reflect the brain’s activity status and are utilized for studying cognition, diagnosing diseases, and more. EEG technology has revolutionized the measurement of human emotions within space contexts by providing preliminary insights into human space cognition. Traditional methods, such as subjective survey questionnaires and field visits, are characterized by high levels of subjectivity, instability, and delays, which significantly undermine the objectivity, accuracy, and real-time nature of emotion recording. In contrast, EEG technology offers real-time and objective feedback on changes in space elements, effectively guiding designers to enhance space quality and improve user satisfaction and well-being within these spaces.
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Schulte-Geldermann, Elmar, Rogers Kakuhenzire, Kalpana Sharma, and Monica Parker. "Revolutionizing Early Generation Seed Potato in East Africa." In Root, Tuber and Banana Food System Innovations. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92022-7_13.
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AbstractPoor access to healthy, high-yielding planting materials hampers potato production in East and Central Africa (ECA). The need to improve the quality and increase the quantity of seed potato available to farmers has been the basis of previous efforts in the subregion. One bottleneck in the seed value chain is the low quantity of early generation seed (EGS) for further multiplication. To break this bottleneck, the International Potato Center (CIP) and local partners introduced two rapid multiplication technologies (aeroponics and rooted apical cuttings) and an improved conventional system (sand hydroponics). These three technologies differ in terms of multiplication rates, investment costs, profitability, required skills, infrastructure, risks, and linkages to the rest of the seed value chain, with its actors, policy environment, plus supply, and demand. The three introduced technologies have helped to increase the supply of certified or high-quality seed in the region over the last decade. However, for successful scaling, the technologies have to be carefully selected based on their situation and their natural and economic environments.
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Yadav, Rajat, and Manish Saraswat. "Controlling jatropha seed distribution through graphic solution." In Sustainability in Digital Transformation Era: Driving Innovative & Growth. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003534136-57.
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Thorsteinsdóttir, Halldóra. "Globalisation and Court Practice in Iceland: New Case Law of the Supreme Court in Relation to the EEA Agreement and European Convention on Human Rights." In Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74851-7_9.
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AbstractThis article examines the status of international treaties in Iceland law and how Icelandic court practice has developed in recent years in that area. With regard to the relationship between domestic law and international law, Iceland adheres to the principle of dualism. This means that international law does not come into force as Icelandic law unless implemented by the legislator. As a result, Icelandic Courts will not, in general, apply provisions of international treaties unless they have been incorporated into Icelandic statutory law. However, this does not mean that international obligation are not fulfilled, as Icelandic Courts will seek to interpret domestic law in line with international obligation to the extent possible. If an international treaty has been implemented into Icelandic law, its provisions are binding like other domestic law. With regard to the EEA Agreement, Icelandic Courts will seek to interpret national law in accordance with EEA obligations and follow the judgments of the EFTA Court if the Icelandic provision in question is open to such an interpretation. With regard to the European Convention on Human Rights, Icelandic Courts will even go a step further, as recent judgments show that Icelandic Courts tend to interpret the human rights provisions of the Icelandic Constitution in line with interpretation laid down by The European Court of Human Rights, even in cases where such an interpretation does not exactly fit within the direct wording of the provision in question. This is due to a special connection between the human rights chapter of the Icelandic Constitution and the Convention, as one of the legislators’ main goals when amending the Constitution in 1994 was to bring the human rights chapter more in line with the Convention.
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Hermsen, W. "Cyg X-3 Not Seen at High-Energy Gamma Rays." In X-Ray Astronomy in the Exosat Era. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5448-9_44.
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Tiwari, Jagesh Kumar. "Conventional True Potato Seed (TPS) to Diploid Hybrid Potato Technologies." In Potato Improvement in the Post-Genomics Era. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003260233-9.
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Petrauskas, G., J. Mikaliūnienė, E. Norkevičienė, G. Statkevičiūtė, and V. Kemešytė. "Breeding for Improved Seed Yield of Red Clover." In Breeding Grasses and Protein Crops in the Era of Genomics. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89578-9_17.
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Kraska, James. "Marine Data Collection Outside the MSR Regime." In Viability of UNCLOS amid Emerging Global Maritime Challenges. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5838-8_5.
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AbstractPart XIII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) governs marine scientific research (MSR). The rules on MSR were designed to give coastal states greater control over the right to consent or withhold consent from foreign research activities in their exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and on the continental shelf.
Conference papers on the topic "SEEA EEA"
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Jahan, Wani Shah. "Evolution Boundary Cellular Automata: Modification of Wolfram Single Seed ECA." In 2024 International Conference on Computer and Applications (ICCA). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icca62237.2024.10928125.
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Trigka, Maria, Elias Dritsas, and Phivos Mylonas. "Eye State Classification Using Ensemble Machine Learning Models and SMOTE on EEG Data." In 2024 9th South-East Europe Design Automation, Computer Engineering, Computer Networks and Social Media Conference (SEEDA-CECNSM). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/seeda-cecnsm63478.2024.00038.
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Oza, Aditya, Jay Padia, Sanskriti Patel, and Santosh Kumar. "Adaptive Spectral Correlation Convolutional Neural Network for EEG-Based Emotion Recognition: A Study on the SEED Dataset." In TENCON 2024 - 2024 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/tencon61640.2024.10903129.
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Lott, Benoit. "AGN Seen by Fermi." In AGN Physics in the CTA Era. Sissa Medialab, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.141.0013.
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Zia, Rehan. "Seen Description: Visualising and crafting data in mixed realities." In Proceedings of EVA London 2022. BCS Learning & Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/eva2022.5.
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Aspiotis, Vasileios, Dimitrios Peschos, Katerina D. Tzimourta, et al. "Active touch classification using EEG signals." In 2021 6th South-East Europe Design Automation, Computer Engineering, Computer Networks and Social Media Conference (SEEDA-CECNSM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/seeda-cecnsm53056.2021.9566257.
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Zhou, Jun Chen. "In the Collapsing Language: AI sees through the ephemeral emergence of absence." In Proceedings of EVA London 2024. BCS Learning & Development, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/eva2024.79.
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"EEG/SEEG SIGNAL MODELLING USING FREQUENCY AND FRACTAL ANALYSIS." In International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003780302490253.
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K, Saranya, Sudharson D, Gokila N M, Lakshmipriya S R, and Suriyavathi K A K. "Emotion Recognition using EEG Signal Classification of seed Dataset." In 2023 2nd International Conference on Advancements in Electrical, Electronics, Communication, Computing and Automation (ICAECA). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaeca56562.2023.10199350.
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Aragão, Solange de. "O Silêncio das Águas nas fotografias de paisagem da Coleção Thereza Christina Maria da Fundação Biblioteca Nacional." In Encontro de História da Arte. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/eha.12.2017.4556.
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As águas têm um som que acalma, tranquiliza. Este som se deve a seu movimento, seja em função de uma pequena queda, seja em função dos desníveis e obstáculos encontrados em seu percurso, seja em função dos ventos, seja em função de seu próprio vai-e-vem, como nas ondas do mar, seja em função de artefatos criados pelo homem.
Reports on the topic "SEEA EEA"
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Fiorino, M. ERA-40 SST and Sea Ice Concentration Data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005718.
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Steeves, Brye. See unique artifacts from weapons testing era during anniversary commemoration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1885715.
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Koo, Richard. Borrowers nowhere to be seen as Japan enters its post-deflation era. East Asia Forum, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1732831200.
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van Gemert, Rob, Per Holliland, Konrad Karlsson, Niklas Sjöberg, and Torbjörn Säterberg. Assessment of the eel stock in Sweden, spring 2024 : fifth post-evaluation of the Swedish eel management. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.4iseib7eup.
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For decades, the population of the European eel has been in severe decline. In 2007, the European Union decided on a Regulation establishing measures for the recovery of the stock, which obliged Member States to implement a national Eel Management Plan by 2009. Sweden submitted its plan in 2008. According to the Regulation, Member States shall report regularly to the EU-Commission, on the implementation of their Eel Management Plans and the progress achieved in protection and restoration. The current report provides an assessment of the eel stock in Sweden as of spring 2024, intending to feed into the national reporting to the EU in August this year. This report updates and extends previous evaluation reports by Dekker (2012, 2015) and Dekker et al. (2018, 2021). In this report, the impacts on the stock - of fishing, restocking and mortality related to hydropower generation - are assessed. Other anthropogenic impacts (climate change, pollution, increased impacts of predators, spread of parasites, disruption of migration due to disorientation after transport, and so forth) probably have an impact on the stock too, but these factors are hardly quantifiable, and no management targets have been set. For that reason, and because most factors were not included in the EU Eel Regulation, these other factors are not included in this report. Our focus is on the quantification of silver eel biomass escaping from continental waters towards the ocean (current, current potential and pristine) and mortality risks endured by those eels during their whole lifetime. The assessment is broken down on a geographical basis, with different impacts dominating in different areas (west coast, inland waters, Baltic coast). In the last decade, a break in the downward trend in glass eel recruitment has been observed, with recruitment no longer declining consistently. Whether that relates to recent protective actions, or is due to other factors, is yet unclear. Nevertheless, recruitment levels remain at historically low levels. This report contributes to the required international assessment, but does not discuss the causing factors behind the recent recruitment trend and the overall status of the stock across Europe. For the different assessment areas, results summarise as follows: On the west coast, a commercial fyke net fishery on yellow eel was exploiting the stock, until this fishery was completely closed in spring 2012. A fishery-based assessment no longer being achievable, we present trends from research surveys (fyke nets). Insufficient information is currently available to assess the recovery of the stock in absolute terms. Obviously, current fishing mortality is zero (disregarding the currently unquantifiable effect of illegal fishing), but none of the other requested stock indicators (current, current potential and pristine biomass) can be presented. The formerly exploited size-classes of the stock show a recovery in abundance after the closure of the commercial fishery, and the smaller size classes show a break in their decline in line with the recent global trend of glass eel recruitment. In order to support the recovery of the stock, or to compensate for anthropogenic mortality in inland waters, young eel has been restocked on the Swedish west coast since 2010. Noting the quantity of restocking involved, the expected effect (ca. 50 t silver eel) is relatively small, and hard to verify – in comparison to the potential natural stock on the west coast (an order of 1000 t). However, for the currently depleted stock, the contribution will likely constitute a larger share of silver eel escapement. For inland waters, this report updates the 2021 assessment, with substantial changes in methodology being the use of a new natural recruitment model, and the full separation of Trap & Transport catches from the fisheries statistics. The assessment for the inland waters relies on a reconstruction of the stock from information on the youngest eels in our waters (natural recruits, assisted migration, restocking). Based on 78 years of data on natural recruitment into 22 rivers, a statistical model is applied which relates the number of immigrating young eel caught in traps to the location and size of each river, the distance from the trap to the river mouth, and the year in which those eels recruited to continental waters as a glass eel (year class). The further into the Baltic, the larger and less numerous recruits generally are. Distance upstream comes with less numerous recruits. Using the results from the above recruitment analysis, in combination with historical data on assisted migration (young eels transported upstream within a drainage area, across barriers) and restocking (young eels imported into a river system), we have a complete overview of how many young eels recruited to Swedish inland waters. From this, the production of fully grown silver eel is estimated for every lake and year separately, based on best estimates of growth and natural mortality rates. Subtracting the catch made by the fishery (as recorded) and down-sizing for the mortality incurred when passing hydropower stations (percentwise, as recorded or using a default percentage), an estimate of the biomass of silver eel escaping from each river towards the sea is derived. Results indicate, that since 1960, the production of silver eel in inland waters has declined from over 700 to below 300 tonnes per year (t/yr). The production of naturally recruited eels is still falling; following the increase in restocking since 2010, an increase in restocking-based production is expected to be starting right around now. Gradually, restocking has replaced natural recruitment (assisted and fully natural), now making up over 90 % of the inland stock. Fisheries have taken 20-30 % of the silver eel (since the mid-1980s), while the impact of hydropower has ranged from 25 % to 60 %, depending on the year. Escapement is estimated to have varied from 72 t in the late 1990s, to 175 t in the early 2000s. The biomass of current escapement (including eels of restocked origin) is approximately 15 % of the pristine level (incl. restocked), or almost 30 % of the current potential biomass (incl. restocked). This is below the 40 % biomass limit of the Eel Regulation, and anthropogenic mortality (70 % over the entire life span in continental waters) exceeds the limit implied in the Eel Regulation (60 % mortality, the complement of 40 % survival). Mortality being that high, Swedish inland waters currently do not contribute to the recovery of the stock. The temporal variation (in production, impacts and escapement) is partly the consequence of a differential spatial distribution of the restocking of eel over the years. The original natural (not assisted) recruits were far less impacted by hydropower, since they could not climb the hydropower dams when immigrating. Since 2010, inland restocking is increasingly concentrated to drainage areas falling to the Kattegat-Skagerrak, also including obstructed lakes (primarily Lake Vänern, and many smaller ones). Even though Trap & Transport of silver eel - from above barriers towards the sea - has contributed to reducing the hydropower impact, hydropower mortality remains the largest estimated contributor to silver eel mortality in inland waters. Without restocking, the biomass affected by fishery and/or hydropower would be only 5-10 % of the currently impacted biomass, but the stock abundance would reduce from 15 % to less than 3 % of the pristine biomass. In summary: the inland eel stock biomass is below the minimum target, anthropogenic impacts exceed the minimum limit that would allow recovery, and those impacts have been increasing. It is therefore recommended to reconsider the current action plans on inland waters, taking into account the results of the current, comprehensive assessment. For the Baltic coast, the 2021 assessment has been updated without major changes in methodology. Results indicate that the impact of the fishery continues to decline over the decades. The current impact of the Swedish silver eel fishery on the escapement of silver eel along the Baltic Sea coast is estimated at 0.3 %. However, this fishery is just one of the anthropogenic impacts (in other areas/countries) affecting the eel stock in the Baltic, including all types of impacts, on all life stages and all habitats anywhere in the Baltic. Integration with the assessments in other countries has not been achieved. Current estimates of the abundance of silver eel (biomass) indicates an order of several thousand tonnes, but those estimates are extremely uncertain, due to the low impact of the fishery (near-zero statistics). Moreover, these do not take into account the origin of those silver eels, from other countries. An integrated assessment for the whole Baltic will be required to ground-truth these estimates. This would also bring the eel assessments in line with the policy to regionalise stock assessments for other (commercial) fish species (see https://ec.europa.eu/oceans-and-fisheries/fisheries/rules/multiannual-plans_en). It is recommended to develop an integrated assessment for the entire Baltic Sea eel stock, and to coordinate protective measures with other range states.
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Hassanzadeh, Sara, Sina Neshat, Afshin Heidari, and Masoud Moslehi. Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in the Era of COVID-19. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0063.
Full textAbstract:
Review question / Objective: This review studies all aspects of myocardial perfusion imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography (MPI SPECT) after the COVID-19 pandemic. Condition being studied: Many imaging modalities have been reduced after the COVID-19 pandemic. Our focus in this review is to see if the number of MPIs is lowered or not and, if so, why. Furthermore, it is possible that a combination of CT attenuation correction and MPI could yield findings. In this study, we'll also look for these probable findings. Third, we know from previous studies that COVID might cause cardiac injuries in some people. Since MPI is a cardiovascular imaging technique, it might shows those injuries. So we'll review articles to find out in patients with active COVID infection, long COVID, or previous COVID cases what findings in MPI those cardiac injuries can cause.
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Bastos, Camila. Cadernos do Cade- Mercado de TV aberta e paga - 2020. Edited by Guilherme Resende. Departamento de Estudos Econômicos - Cade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52896/dee.cc2.020.
Full textAbstract:
O décimo primeiro número da série “Cadernos do Cade” foca no segmento que está presente no cotidiano da maioria dos brasileiros: a televisão. O estudo busca consolidar a jurisprudência do Cade nesse mercado nos últimos vinte e cinco anos. Mesmo com a crescente onda de utilização de outras modalidades de consumo de audiovisual, a televisão (seja ela a aberta ou a paga) continua tendo o papel de principal de alternativas a esta forma de se assistir a conteúdos audiovisuais.
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Duarte Ruiz, Lucero. Ciclo contable básico para ingenieros. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/gcgp.37.
Full textAbstract:
El propósito de este texto es abordar con los estudiantes, de forma fácil y comprensible, el tema del proceso contable, el cual pueden aplicar en sus proyectos o actividades económicas. Se desarrollan tres etapas básicas del ciclo contable: a) apertura o inicio, b) movimiento o desarrollo y c) cierre; cada una explicada en detalle, con ejemplos prácticos cortos. En la etapa de apertura o inicio, se enfatiza en los aportes que realizan los socios para constituir la sociedad y empezar operaciones, a través del balance inicial. Seguidamente, en el proceso de desarrollo o movimiento, se registran contablemente todas las actividades económicas que se van dando a diario, para luego toda esa información quedar resumida en unos estados financieros básicos: el Estado de situación financiera (balance general), que contiene lo que posee la sociedad (activos), sus obligaciones con terceros (pasivos) y lo que les corresponde a los socios (patrimonio); así como el estado de resultados, que comprende los ingresos (ventas), costos y gastos, y lleva a una utilidad del ejercicio. Se busca al final que el estudiante comprenda el proceso contable y lo sepa aplicar a su proyecto; que entienda, analice y sea capaz de tomar decisiones una vez generados los estados financieros, lo cual le ayudará a ser asertivo y pueda lograr mantenerse y manejar de forma eficiente los recursos con que cuenta la empresa.
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Lall, Sanjaya, Manuel Albaladejo, and Mauricio Mesquita Moreira. Latin American Industrial Competitiveness and the Challenge of Globalization. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009186.
Full textAbstract:
Manufacturing in Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC) faces severe competitive stresses as it integrates into the global economy. It is not, on the whole, coping well. Though it was the first region in the developing world - in the post-war era - to liberalize on international trade and investment flows and had the most advanced industrial base, it failed to tap fully the opportunities offered. As a result, it has steadily fallen behind the most competitive economies in the developing world, the Tigers of East Asia. What is behind LAC¿s under-performance? The dominant view in the region puts emphasis on the legacy of import substitution, macroeconomic mismanagement and on a costly "business environment". Although important, these factors do not seem to tell the whole story. The heavy emphasis on "government failures" has led policymakers to overlook key market failures that stand on the way to sustained productivity growth, increasing technological capability and greater competitiveness. This paper can be seen as a first step to redress the balance of the policy debate and focus on benchmarking competitive performance and capabilities in the 1990s in LAC and East Asia, letting the comparisons speak for themselves. While it is known in the region that its recent industrial record has been poor, the dimensions are not well analyzed or understood. This benchmarking exercise, using a simple framework to measure performance and capabilities, should prove instructive to policy analysis.
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Kondo, Shigeto. The Joint Crediting Mechanism in the Paris Agreement Era: The Challenges of and Potential for Future Saudi-Japanese Cooperation. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2023-dp07.
Full textAbstract:
The joint crediting mechanism (JCM) is a Japan-initiated bilateral mechanism for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while transferring Japan’s technologies to partner countries in exchange for transferring carbon credits to Japan. It is seen as a leading pilot mechanism of “cooperative approaches” under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement. As of February 2022, 214 projects with 22 partner countries, including Saudi Arabia, had been selected by the Japanese government for support. Japan and Saudi Arabia have thus far implemented one project under this mechanism, and another project is in the process of being approved.
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Maidanik, G., and K. J. Becker. Are the Energy Analysis (EA) and the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) Compatible? Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419012.
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